Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Approche socioconstructiviste de la compétence'
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Doré-Bluteau, Véronique. "LES RÔLES DES ENSEMBLES DIDACTIQUES DE L'UNIVERS SOCIAL. Quelle définition pour une approche par compétences située dans un modèle socioconstructiviste de la connaissance?" Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24956/24956.pdf.
Full textDoré, Bluteau Véronique. "Les rôles des ensembles didactiques de l'univers social : quelle définition pour une approche par compétences située dans un modèle socioconstructiviste de la connaissance?" Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/19632.
Full textGoetgheluck, Nicole. "Contribution des bibliothèques de l’enseignement supérieur à la formation pour la compétence informationnelle (CI) des étudiants : étude de cas : la formation portée par la Bibliothèque de l’INSA Lyon, appropriation par les différents acteurs, impacts et limites, changements culturels et professionnels." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon 1, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LYO10138.
Full textChanges in the information landscape suggest that it is necessary to acquire an information culture, i.e. technical and practical knowledge of digital tools and awareness of the issues and impacts of information to be retained, disseminated or avoided. However, universities do not systematically integrate training programmes that take this aspect into account. Our research work is situated in the context of a major school, INSA Lyon, which aims to train 'Humanist Engineers'. It questions the possibility for a university library, on the example of the Marie Curie library, to mobilise the necessary resources to encourage the setting up of a training course for information literacy. By crossing the concept of 'competence', its theoretical and practical implications for the construction of competence in the learner, with the concepts of 'information literacy' and 'information culture', we propose a model for the design of teaching-learning aimed at the construction of information literacy. This model becomes our grid for reading and analysing the documents and statements collected. All our data collection, qualitative analysis of documents, interviews with teachers and department heads, and students after the quantitative analysis of a questionnaire survey, contribute to our understanding of our research object, which is presented in this thesis. Despite the limits of this work, inherent to our posture involved in our research field, our global vision of teaching-learning aiming at the construction of information literacy shows the relevance of a training framework, but reveals the blocking points, with in particular the absence of a common vision of the information literacy necessary for engineers. As a result, students' consideration of the components of information literacy remains very heterogeneous. The blockages also lie outside the vision of information literacy and concern training for competences: conception of teaching still impregnated with the epistemic model of transmitted knowledge, collaborations often in a disciplinary or multidisciplinary mode, student rankings that prioritise disciplines, projects sometimes oriented by solutions for a client. Training for informational competence at INSA Lyon would require, before defining complex situations conducive to the mobilisation of skills, a consensus around the 'humanist engineer'. His technical and scientific culture would be recognised; he would be able to assert himself as an engineer particularly suited to relational work, not denying his role and his political responsibility in society, anxious to rely on collective intelligence and the sharing of reliable information within the company. Its training would require an epistemic framework of socio-constructed knowledge, interdisciplinarity, reflection on information and the construction of knowledge with projects put into perspective beyond the current needs of the company. The shared vision of the engineer's output profile, to be constructed according to the programme approach, would allow teacher-librarians to work on new proposals, around information concepts and tools. Our study calls for further work on the pedagogical transformation of higher education and opens up prospects for collaborative research between information and communication sciences, education and training sciences and other disciplines to re-problematise and re-contextualise information literacy in order to develop training for 21st century information literacy
Ouellet, Lise. "Mise en oeuvre au collégial d'une approche par problèmes d'inspiration socioconstructiviste." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0021/MQ47535.pdf.
Full textElis, Sébastien. "Approche transcriptomique de la compétence ovocytaire chez la poule." Tours, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOUR4039.
Full textThe reproductive physiology of the hen shows numerous specificities that include oviparity and telolecithe oocyte. The chicken embryonic genome reactivation occurs when the embryo contains 30,000-50,000 cells. Proteins and mRNA accumulated during chicken oocyte maturation are essential not only for fertilization and first cleavages but also for supporting such a high number of embryonic cell divisions. This leads to investigate the regulation of the expression and function of chicken genes involved in the maturation of the oocyte, with consequences on the development of the early embryo. First we used a double approach, in silico and microarray to obtain a list of potentially avian oocyte-specific genes. An in silico work was used to find avian ortholog genes of murin oocyte-specific genes, using blast. The microarray approach let us find a list of 460 genes expressed in granulosa cells and a list of 250 genes expressed in the oocyte. Genes identifies by the 2 approach were compared and 23 candidate genes were further investigated as bmp15, gdf9,chk mos, msh4, btg4, cvh, zp1, zpA, zpC, dazl. Eleven of these genes were specifically expressed in the hen ovary as gdf-9, chkmos, dazl, zpA, zpC, cvh, mos, btg4, f box and 6 are preferentially expressed in the ovary as bmp 15, zar 1, mcmip, msh4, ktfn et fox L2. Temporal expression of each gene was analysed during follicular maturation and early embryo development. All these data were used to realize a hierarchical classification of genes and to define cluster of expression. Those genes are implicated in follicular maturation, in meiotic maturation, in fertilization process, in early embryo development and for some of them in embryo development happening after the activation of the embryonic genome. A functional study on 1 of these gene, bmp15, also revealed an inhibitory effect of BMP15 on steroidogenesis of granulosa cells in the hen. We then used microarray on hens exhibiting difference in fertility rate in order to identify genes whose expression level is correlated with fertility. Four hens lines divergently selected were used, and animals exhibiting the most important difference where chosen. The transcriptomic approach enabled us t identify 54 et 84 genes differentially expressed between DPF lines or HG/LG lines, divergently selected on the duration of fertile periode (DPF) or on the growth rate (HG/LG). Fifteen genes differentially expressed were chosen to be studied in an individual study during follicular maturation and early embryo development. We found 3 genes whose eeexpression level was correlated with fertility rate. This work is a step of understanding the genes and their functions implicated in oocyte maturation or early embryo development and also and genes related to fertiliy
Arnaud, Nicolas. "De l'intérêt d'une approche pratique et communicationnelle de la compétence collective." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Nantes, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00911333.
Full textDabène, Michel. "Ecriture et lecture chez l'adulte : Approche empirique de la compétence scripturale." Besançon, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985BESA1021.
Full textAbdelwahed, Mohamed Ali. "La dialectique « Culture-Compétence » sous une approche cognitivo-situationnelle : cas de la SNCF." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCD040/document.
Full textThe implicit dimension is a key component to the understanding of organizations. Indeed, service relationships are the fertile ground to its analysis. Within these relationships, the role of third parties, in the activity of the agent in co-action, questions especially the mobilized competence. The agent activity, in turn, explores his/her culture in particular. Culture and competence become two interacting dialectical concepts. The aim of this thesis is to analyze in depth this dialectic in situ. Adopting a social constructivist posture and a cognitive-situational approach, a qualitative study with Agents in Touch with Customers (ACC) of the SNCF was carried to address this issue. For this purpose, we based our analysis on semi-structured interviews combined with an ethnomethodological study, followed by a “confirmatory” survey via focus groups (mirror groups). The results of this research show us that, in situation, a sort of situated culture emerges through the situated and distributed competence; and that this situated culture follows a spiral movement between the implicit and the explicit. It also reveals that this situated culture is an essential element in the competence architecture, in addition to the fact that the distributed competence develops especially in an organization designed as a culture (metaphor of culture)
Thibeault, Joël. "Regard socioconstructiviste sur le développement de la compétence lexicomorphogrammique qui permet l’accord du verbe en nombre chez des élèves de la fin de l’ordre élémentaire dans le Sud-Ouest ontarien." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/36231.
Full textDulu, Olivier. "Approche structurale de la compétence à s’orienter : proposition d’un modèle général, hiérarchique, dynamique et multivarié." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2015CNAM0949/document.
Full textWhat is the decision-making structure that underpins career self-determination? Having examined existing models and various studies of the impact of their respective variables, we propose a general model which is inspired by three others: a structural model differentiating between internal and external axes, a hierarchical model and a dynamic model. In order to confirm this hypothesis, we have conducted two distinct experiments. The first of these, with a sample group of 665 students from three university backgrounds (psychology, general science and humanities), enabled us to observe the changing dynamics of career maturity during a career guidance activity. The second experiment, carried out with 322 psychology and science students, showed the interaction of numerous internal personal characteristics, such as the locus of control, the feeling of self-efficacy, autonomy, decision stress and career maturity. As opposed to earlier general preconceptions, we suggest that this last characteristic (career maturity) is just one of the components of a general self-determination model based on hierarchy, dynamics and multiple variables. Subsequent research, carried out with 186 students, has shown the moderating and conflictual aspects of the values (autonomy and stimulation) adopted by persons open to change and the values (tradition and conformity) of persons preferring to continue without change within the decision process
Sefiani, Naoufal. "Contribution au développement d’outils et méthodes de pilotage des compétences." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ISAL0017.
Full textAlthough the importance of competence management is recognized, existing approaches in this area reveal methodological deficits, the operating range of the competence concept is often limited and researchers are often helpless when faced with requests from companies that want to engage in this approach. It is in this context that this research aimed to contribute by developing tools and operational methods for efficient competence management. We propose a formalization of the concept of competence available in three levels: individual, group and organizational. We contribute to the modeling of generic competency model and we choose the model on which we rely in this work. Firstly, we propose a competence identification methodology based on the functional analysis to identify requisite individual competencies. This allows us to design and update the competence framework in response to changing work situations. Secondly, we present a comprehensive approach on "Wheel competencies "supporting the competence management based on the technique of continuous improvement that makes the necessary adjustments and helps to build a more coherent reference model and better suited to the organization. This approach is structured into five phases: initialization, planning, integration and deployment, evaluation and development. The competence identification is an inevitable stage whose depends competence management decisions under this approach. Both approaches can work in complementary. They provide support to managers and decision makers to manage better the recruitment, training and mobility to meet the competencies enterprises needs and to pay special attention to their needs in critical competencies. Various empirical studies have been conducted in company in the course of this work. In another encouraging development, they confirm the consistency and relevance of the proposed approaches. They have, among other test these approaches, but also to make recommendations for the development of a software tool for HR managers. This tool will support the competence identification and update the competence framework. However, further studies across the entire enterprise need to be done to ensure the greatest impact of all work submitted. Finally, this work is a platform for future research to test further the proposed approaches and test their applicability in the firms in other industries
Windmüller, Florence. "Compétence culturelle et compétence interculturelle : pour un apprentissage culturel en classe de FLE : analyse de matériels didactiques et perspectives méthodologiques." Rouen, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ROUEL443.
Full textTrinh, Thuy Duong. "Approche par compétence dans la formation des enseignants de français langue étrangère : le cas du Vietnam." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCF039.
Full textThis dissertation aims to investigate teacher’s competences in the face of various contextual changes in the Vietnamese tertiary education which require new perspectives and approaches in curriculum development. These competences are analyzed in the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR, 2001) on teachers’ professional competences and competent teachers. Data were collected from distributing survey questionnaires to in-service and pre-service teachers, interviews with university instructors. Data analysis reveals limitations in the current curriculum and helps to identify areas of competences that teachers of French in Vietnam need to develop. The research results consist of a competence framework with detailed descriptions for competence-based teacher training programs to be implemented
Tomc, Sandra. "Approche interactionnelle de la différenciation sexuelle dans la conversation parents-adolescents." Paris 5, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA05H073.
Full textThis research in sciences ofthe language tends to show how the linguistic pragma- and the analysis ofthe psycho socio discursivity are articulated to describe the interaction parents - teenager according to the sex. To choose an interdisciplinary approach to approach the field of the conversational analysis, means that the interactions are studied on two levels, the first being that ofthe forms and contents (by the means ofthe hierarchical model of the verbal interactions, proposed by the School of Geneva. In the Eighties); as for the second, it is about an analysis of the communication with a report/ratio with identity (RPSD). Any linguistic production is identity production. Each speech is standpoint on what one will say, at the place and time of the stating and on the listener
Marin, Jessy. "L'influence d'une approche pédagogique intégrée et différenciée sur la compétence orthographique d'élèves du deuxième cycle du primaire." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29416/29416.pdf.
Full textValle, Videla Luz. "Les collections du droit territorial castillan : Approche linguistique et historique." Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100002.
Full textSince Galo Sánchez’s pioneering studies on Castilian territorial law, it is generally believed that fazañas result from innovative decisions made by local mayors and are characterized by the presence of anecdotic details ; with time, the particulars relating to the first judgment were suppressed and fazañas became fueros, or abstract texts of law. A close examination of the medieval legal collections, however, shows that fueros and les fazañas were often contemporary with each other and reveals the existence of anecdotic fueros as well as abstract fazañas. In an attempt to clarify these questions, our study seeks to determine the true nature of fazañas, to redefine their relation to fueros, and to understand the use of anecdotic details in medieval Castilian territorial law. To this end, we examine the following texts, whose composition spans from the 13th to the XVth centuries : Libro de los fueros de Castiella, Fuero viejo de Castilla, Pseudo ordenamiento II de Nájera, Fuero y fazañas de los fijosdalgos, Pseudo ordenamiento de León and Fuero antiguo. In these works, we have studied the anecdotic discourse, the concrete uses of the terms fazaña and fuero and the internal logic of the collections in order to shed new light on these legal texts and to better know and understand both the redactors who compiled them and the aims they pursued
Gelalian, Serge. "Modélisation de l'évolution des langues : une approche synergique." Paris 7, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA070090.
Full textWe assume that languages are cornplex Systems, that is, a whole which is composed of interacting components. Noting that languages evolve by adapting to their environment, we deduce that this is accomplished by means of speech, therefore by the sound system (the phonic component of the language). Languages evolve because they are used by humans, This evolution depends thus on internal and external causes. Internal causes are intrinsic to languages; they rise in speech; tonic stress and gramaticalization are examples of this kind of causes. External causes are foreign to languages : influence of another language, influence of social factors (medias, schools etc. . . ). These two kinds of causes pass into languages via speech. But languages possess a "memory", some sort of a storage which was called Langue by Saussure vis-à-vis Parole. We think that the saussurian couple Langue/parole forms an ago-antagonistic macro-system. Therefore, the modelization of such a complex systems needs a cooperative set modelizing tools, that is, a synergetical modelization
Marmier, François. "Contribution à l'ordonnancement des activités de maintenance sous contrainte de compétence : une approche dynamique, proactive et multi-critère." Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00212750.
Full textDans cette thèse, nous nous intéressons à un problème d'affectation et d'ordonnancement en prenant en compte les compétences des ressources humaines. Les différences de compétence sont peu intégrées dans les modèles de la littérature. Les ressources sont en effet souvent considérées comme identiques ou n'ayant qu'une compétence. Les différents types de tâches présentent aussi des spécificités qui sont peu retrouvées dans les approches de la littérature. Cette problématique se retrouve dans d'autre contexte que celui de la maintenance et touche plus généralement l'affectation et l'ordonnancement de l'activité d'un service.
Nous proposons une approche de résolution dynamique pour un problème mono-critère d'affectation et d'ordonnancement des activités de maintenance. Dans le contexte de la maintenance, différents critères concernant les ressources et les tâches sont importants. Nous proposons donc une extension de l'approche dynamique mono-critère au multi-critère. Certaines données utilisées dans l'affection et l'ordonnancement sont incertaines. Pour anticiper la présence de ces incertitudes nous proposons une approche dynamique, proactive à un problème multi-critère d'affectation et d'ordonnancement d'activité de maintenance en contexte incertain. Toutes ses approches font appel à une méthode d'amélioration par modification partielle de l'ordonnancement, inspirée de la méthode du kangourou.
Baruel-Bencherqui, Dominique. "La validation des acquis de l'expérience chez les cadres : une approche par la théorie de l'auto-efficacité." Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010012.
Full textSimondi, Evelyne. "Approche clinique de l'analyse des pratiques en travail social : une formalisation de savoirs inédits mobilisés en formation initiale." Aix-Marseille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AIX10041.
Full textSkarp, Eddie. "Enseigner et évaluer la compétence communicative en classe : Activités, évaluation et plan directif." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk (SPR), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-62488.
Full textWhen we teach a foreign language or in this case, French, in a class, we have to be aware of the different skills like communication, writing and reading whereas this study puts emphasis on the communicative skill. This skill can be more abstract than the rest of the skills since it consists of dialogues and discourses which don’t necessarily need to be written on a document. In this study we will try to reveal some applicable methods used by teachers to teach and improve students’ communicative skills at an upper secondary school in Sweden. The study also tries to find out how these teachers evaluate and grade this particular skill according to the syllabus and in what frequency the syllabus is used by the teachers as a tool in their teaching. The method used is a phenomenological study with a questionnaire consisting of qualitative questions in order to receive more accurate answers. Four teachers at an upper secondary school have been interviewed and the empirical data collected have been evaluated together with the theory chosen. The theory used in this study is a mixture of approaches for teaching a foreign language in schools. We have chosen approaches like code-switching, task-based learning, the communicative approach and a basic methodology of how to plan and evaluate the activities chosen. Lastly, we have been looking at the commentary section on the syllabus for foreign languages on stage 3 made by Skolverket (2011) in order to easier interpret the grading criteria in the syllabus. Briefly, the results showed that it is better to create smaller groups when teaching the communicative skill and that the advantageous tasks can consist of images to describe and genuine and adequate questions which concern the student’s personal life. This can generate that the students talk and express their thoughts more freely than with activities in larger groups and with display questions.
Fillion, Jacqueline. "Hermès en didaxie : approche communicationnelle du métier d'enseignant et tentative d'identification d'une compétence professionnelle fondée sur la médiation didactique." Avignon, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AVIG1019.
Full textGuillaumot, Sylvie. "Limites d'une approche communicative en didactique du français langue étrangère : Étude des interférences culturelles dans la compétence de communication d'apprenants coréens." Besançon, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BESA1009.
Full textLapierre, Dimitri. "Méthode EVADE : une approche intégrée pour l’EValuation et l’Aide au DEbriefing." Thesis, Nîmes, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016NIME0001/document.
Full textLessons learnt from past accidents emphasize that major crisis management’s limitations are mainly characterised by collective failures (organizational, behavioural and cognitive), absence and/or maladaptive training of actors. Indeed, the training exercises have limitations such as the assessment: it focuses on the technical skills of the group, not on non-technical skills mobilized, and it is not conducted in real time. The presentation of the results during the debriefing is also incomplete. The present work aims to present the EVADE method to assess trainees during crisis management training and feedback them. This method required the upstream creation of a typology of training objectives to be integrated into training and the identification of technical and non-technical skills of a crisis cell. The approach is based on behavioural markers which are used to identify mobilized skills of a group during exercise. The assessment tool is presented, through its construction and its functioning, and it is tested with trainees in crisis management exercises. Various examples of the results of restitution are then proposed for the debriefing
Dietrich, Anne. "Compétence et gestion des ressources humaines : Contribution à une approche critique et opérationnelle de la gestion des compétences en organisation." Lille 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LIL12003.
Full textThis thesis is about the study of the notion of competency and of its organizational practice. It aims at clarifying the use of a fashionable concept and at showing the requiste conditions to make a regulation implement of organized action out of the competencies management. The first part goes deeper into the analysis of this new con cept in the managerial discourses. We question its attractivity and its use in written works to explain the meaning, the effects, the stakes and the paradoxes of its use in human resource management. We analyze the reasons for its emergency and we show its links with the taylorism structural crisis. We build an explication design from the determinig factors of its contextuality. We emphasize the organizational processes that structure and make up the situations and the behaviours of men at work and the institutional processes that stabilize and give them legitimacy. This approach enables us to account for the plural definitions and uses of comopetency. The second part analyzes the competencies management in two glass factories of the same indutrial firm. We describe the two projects of competencies development, their context their objectives. In a clinical study, we question the change of rules that they propose and the representations of the actors. We analyze them as a technique of management which serves purposes of rationalization
Leroux, Julie Lyne. "Analyse des pratiques évaluatives d'enseignantes et d'enseignants dans une approche par compétences au collégial." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2009. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/947.
Full textUriburu, Maria Eugenia. "Métamorphoses du langage à l'adolescence : approche psychanalytique, linguistique et anthropologique pour une contribution à la compréhension des pratiques langagières propres à certain.e.s adolescents.e.s." Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA070114.
Full textThe aim of this research is to study some theoretical elements in linguistics, anthropology and psychoanalytic psychopathology regarding adolescent's language use. We propose some research directions for a psychoanalytic understanding of the way some adolescents use language, based on observations of adolescents and young adults in clinical contexts (Paris, and Saint-Denis). Even if language during adolescence is hard to define epistemologically, we have been able to observe specific manifestations at different stages. This language is not generalized during adolescence: it changes from a subject to another, depending on social context, cultural origins and the language representations involved for each one of them. "Metamorphoses" are signals of a personal conflict emerging during adolescence period. They are the revealing marks of a pain provoked by the encounter between the subject and the psychic adolescence period. The "metamorphoses" of adolescent's languages are articulated (verbal) marks but also non-verbal ones (intonation, position, gestures). They are the ludic signs of appropriation, sometimes close to the acting out and also to pragmatic utterances. Metamorphoses are, in principle, doomed to disappear through time and they don't need any particular psychotherapeutic aid
Rakotomena, Mialy. "Les liens d'influence des déterminants de la compétence interculturelle individuelle : cas des dirigeants étrangers à Madagascar : approche par les cartes cognitives." Montpellier 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON20149.
Full textGhosn, Racha. "De la conceptualisation de la compétence à sa modélisation didactique : vers une approche par compétences pour l'enseignement du français au Liban." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON30088/document.
Full textThe concept of competence and the approach by competence constitute a genuine preoccupation of different educatifs systems. The introduction of process teaching and learning based on competences is the core of reforming projects required by the schools to adapt to the contemporary needs. The approach by competence accentuate the skills of student to practice whatever he learned at the school in his everyday life. The essential objectif of this study is to analyze the effect of the introduction of the approach by competence on the Lebanese educatif system and the possibility to adapt this approach in the Lebanese public schools. Thus, to achieve our goal, a Curriculum based on the approach by competence compatible with the Lebanese conditions of teaching been established
Bérard, Évelyne. "Approche communicative en français langue étrangère : essai de définition et analyses d'experience." Universié de Franche-Comté, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989BESA1015.
Full textSolt, Jordan. "La navigation urbaine des enfants-piétons : approche développementale et ergonomique." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0398.
Full textEach year, lots of pedestrian children get injured by vehicles, in spite of efforts made to improve vehicles and safety infrastructures.These improvements have drastically reduced damages on casualties, though the study of pedestrian behaviour remains crucial since most collisions are caused by pedestrian behaviour themselves. In order to understand mental processes and behaviours involved during movement in an urban context, four types of studies dealing with pedestrian children behaviours were analysed : (1) studies about accident-prone circumstances and factors, (2) studies about most likely key-moment for accidents to occur, (3) studies about key competencies needed by pedestrians to move safely in urban traffic, and finally (4), most recent studies about the perception of risk. With the aim of having a comprehensive approach, attention was also drawn on mechanisms that could improve pedestrians' skills.Therefore, this thesis' goals are multiple. First, to define what a children would look at when moving across urban traffic. Second, to understand how behaviours toward the search for information vary. Finally, to measure inter- and intra-individual differences during the decision-making process of pedestrian children. The empirical approach of this thesis relies on three complementary studies, mixing both empirical and in-the-field approach. The first study involved 125 7-to-8 year old children, who were attenting a road-awareness-day. Children were asked to answer a question with a drawing. The purpose of this first study was to gather qualitative data about how pedestrian children perceive the urban environment. The second study was done on 62 attendees, including 21 adults and 41 3-to-11 year old children. The protocol consisted in showing attendees photographs, and asking them do decide to cross the street or not. The purpose of this second study was to collect eye-based and decision-making-time data, in order to highlight the link between visual exploration and decision-making process. The thirs study focused specifically on pedestrian children's decision-making process, using mental chronometry. An experimentation was led on 255 5-to-11 year old participants. The protocol was also about asking attendees to make a decision based on photographs; but this time with a varying informational density. All results of the studies mentioned above will be summarized in 3 main topics which are : pedestrians' inhibition mechanisms, information sources (including other people), and finally, training techniques aimed for pedestrian children
Zou, Jing. "Entre la compétence communicative orale et l'autonomie langagière : étude de cas de FLE en milieu universitaire chinois, observations et réflexions." Nantes, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NANT3046.
Full textLang, Elodie. "L'écrit(ure) universitaire, une tâche située et complexe : approche holiste du processus d'adaptation de la compétence scripturale chez les apprenants avancés en FLE." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAC024.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the academic writing problems encountered by advanced-level foreign students, and in particular the phenomena of grammatical errors that are not consistent with the linguistic level of learners related to the adaptation of their scriptural competence. This work is part of a plural perspective based on the principle of Complex Dynamic Systems. The theme is therefore addressed by three sociopsychological, (2) cognitive and (3) psychosocial studies that allow us to comprehend holistically the processes involved in the appropriation of academic scriptural practices. On the one hand, this thesis intends to contribute to the comprehension of the linguistic difficulties of the students by considering them as correlative of the particular constraints of the university discourses to produce with the aim, on the other hand, to engage reflections on the formation and the accompaniment of learners
Omar, Hayat. "Les marqueurs –mm et dämmo dans la narration en amharique : approche développementale." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE2062/document.
Full textLanguages provide speakers with a wide range of linguistic units to organize and deliver information (Jisa, Reilly, Verhoeven, Baruch & Rosado, 2002). There are several ways to verbally express the mental representations of events. The speaker, according to the linguistic tools he has acquired, selects the one that brings out the most communicative effect to convey his message.Our study focuses on two markers in Amharic, -mm and dämmo, which abound in the language and in narratives in particular. Our aim is to examine, from a developmental perspective, how the speakers use them, and the functions these elements have in their narratives. We seek to distinguish the communicative and pragmatic functions indicated by means of these markers. To do so, we created a corpus of sixty narrative productions of children from 5-6, 7-8 to 10-12 years old and adult Amharic speakers. The material we used to collect our data is a series of pictures without text “Frog, Where are you?” (Mayer, 1969). This experimental material has already been used in many developmental studies and in several languages (Bamberg, 1987 ; Kail & Hickmann, 1992 ; Berman & Slobin, 1994 ; Kern 1997 ; Akinci, 1999 ; Strömqvist &Verhoeven 2003 ; Jisa, Chenu, Fekete & Omar, 2010 ; Fekete, 2011, Saïdi 2014 and many more).The results show that -mm and dämmo, although all the speakers use them both, do not always have the same scope according to the speaker and vary according to the age. dämmo is mainly used to mark a contrastive topic to signal the concomitance of the events. It seems to be easy to use for children compared to -mm which is much more complex, not only because of its synthetic structure but primarily because it is a multi-purpose morpheme. -mm anchors the information into the context, it highlights the constituent on which it operates
Sappapan, Atchara. "Approche interculturelle de la compétence textuelle en langue maternelle et en français chez des étudiants universitaires thai͏̈s : (problèmes de typologie et de cohérence textuelles)." Besançon, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BESA1010.
Full textThe principal objective of this research is to study the problem of texte typologisation and texte coherence in order to develop the reading competency of the Thai university students in mother language and French as a foreign language. This research, focused on the intercultural perspective, aim to compare the results of the two groupes of students : Thai students and French students. Two research methods are applied to this study : questionnaire and interview. The activites used in data collection are text classification and text puzzle. The pedagical suggestion based on the results of this study intend to give some promising and practical concpts in the teaching of reading in thai mother language as well as in French language to the Thai learners
Sipaseuth, Kinsoukhone. "Analyse des interactions langagières dans une classe de langue en vue de l'amélioration de la compétence orale des apprenants lao." Rouen, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ROUEL395.
Full textLerch-Malherbe, Magali. "La trajectoire d'innovation de la naissance d'un écosystème d'affaires : une approche multiniveaux : Le cas du développement des services mobiles NFC." Caen, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CAEN0507.
Full textThe open innovation movement, which has been emerging since the early 21th century, is at the origin of the emergence of business ecosystems (BE). They integrate players who have their competences and their roles co-evolving to manage the challenges of each stage of their life cycles. But few studies consider this dynamic dimension of the BE and especially its first stage: the birth. Specifically, it evolves along an innovation trajectory which leads the actions to define a new offer. Based on qualitative research and on process approach, this study focuses on the case of the emergence of a business ecosystem in the field of contactless mobile services. We conduct a multilevel analysis through the global process of this BE's innovation trajectory and the local process of the experimental projects which are articulated along this path. We are 'coking at these two processes as places, which include a managerial logic contributing to build key competences and a socio-political logic providing power strategies between players and their roles definition. Our results focus on two analytical levels. At the global level, the main challenge is to define a shared collective vision. It revolves around two dimensions: a technical dimension (the dominant design) and an economic dimension (the business model). It is formalized through key competences building which, in turn, defines the roles of the members. In this dynamic, competences related to "use context sensitivity" are crucial: they enable BE's intégration until the trajectory lock-in, then its efficiency through the generation of new alternatives which may lead to some bifurcations (positive ambiguity). At the local level, experimental projects promote the confrontation of individuals' strategies. They generate the building of competences which capitalize along the trajectory or question the collective vision
Le, Pichon Emmanuelle. "Ce que les enfants savent de la communication : approche contextuelle de l'hétérogénéité de groupes plurilingues." Thesis, Tours, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOUR2026.
Full textNowadays children more often come into contact with multiple languages at different ages and in variable contexts. Consequently, they may at times be required to communicate in situations in which they lack sufficient understanding of the language used. Knowing about communication, that is, being aware of the interaction, of the potential obstacles and of different strategies to overcome them, is essential to bring exolingual situations to a successful end. Are there features of language acquisition that affect the development of this facet of metacognitive awareness? ln this thesis a specific aspect of early plurilingualism is examined. Reactions of children who learned a new language at an age and in a context in which they were able to be conscious about their learning are compared to those of children who learned a new language from birth onwards. Results demonstrate that a conscious language learning experience is a relevant factor in the development of metacognitive awareness
Pons, Desoutter Martine. "Analyse du bilan de compétences par ses acteurs : approche ethnographique d'un CIBC." Rennes 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997REN20028.
Full textAfter ten years of existence the CIBC, (assessment of competencies center) through them, the assessment of competence remains a vague device. To this day many social partners and therapists have been questioning the social usefulness of this process which is focused on the individual. Thanks to my status as an assessor since 1993 in a CIBC, i have attempted to achieve an endogenous analysis of this process such as it may be grasped by the three groups of actors involved: - the supervisors of the CIBC - the beneficiaries (the unemployed who come to the CIBC) - the public financiers (professional advisers of the ANPE) the prevailing themes of this research revolve around the following lines - the CIBC - the progress of the assessment - the function of the group leader in charge. - the beneficiaries (profile, expectations, answers) information has been collected from interviews, (and even at times with questionnaires) and observations. The theoretical framework which was selected to demarcate this work favours the ethnographic approach and the microsociological trends. In parallel with the fieldwork, comes in addition a bibliographical analysis in connection with statements related by indirect or direct actors of the CIBC. The aim of this work is to grasp a device from the interior so as to understand some, codes, risks, distributions of authorities and their articulations, and to find keys of the institution in order to make it more legible. Beyond this research what is at stake is the implication of the seeker/therapist, but also the quest of a meaning linked to a larger social function and the questions that derive from it
Al-Ghamdi, Mohammed. "La compétence argumentative écrite chez les apprenants saoudiens du français langue étrangère : arguments, connecteurs, topoi͏̈, polyphonie : 24 apprenants de 4ième année : thèse." Nice, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NICE2019.
Full textMathis, Noelle. "Identités plurilingues et création textuelle en français langue étrangère : une approche sociolinguistique d'ateliers d'écriture plurielle." Phd thesis, Université d'Avignon, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00967502.
Full textMathis, Noëlle. "Identités plurilingues et création textuelle en français langue étrangère : une approche sociolinguistique d'ateliers d'écriture plurielle." Thesis, Avignon, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AVIG1121/document.
Full textThis doctoral research examines the identity construction of adult plurilingual learnersthrough their literacy practices in a French as a Second Language class in a FrenchUniversity. This ethno-sociolinguistic study intersects the research fields of secondlanguage didactics and academic literacy in multilingual contexts. It analyzes howlearners create and express their multiple identities through their literacy practices.Learners are considered as social actors using their plurilingual resources to reveal theirmultiple identities. Identities are treated as fluid and ambivalent, changing over time,space and situations, and on what learners want to communicate about themselves. Thestudy is based on classroom interactions recorded over two university terms, textscreated by students and follow-up interviews. We use the tools of discourse analysis, oncontent and form, to show learners' representations on plurilingualism and languagelearning, and their writing process as a way to express their identities. The conclusionoffers a pedagogical discussion for teachers
Raboisson, Didier. "Approche institutionnelle de la santé animale : place des compétences, des territoires et des collectifs dans la gestion de la santé des bovins laitiers en France." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011INPT0046/document.
Full textThis research analyzes cattle health through individual and collective competencies, based on Commons institutionalism. The first part defines a new institutional conceptual framework, alternative to the neoclassic microeconomic models, to study animal health. Health management is analyzed at farm level in terms of farmers' competencies and capabilities considering the relationship between individuals and unorganized going concern. It integrates thereafter organized going concerns and defines production focused organizations and health focused organizations. The competencies and capabilities have both territorial components. The model is validated empirically in the second part, using the national cattle identification database and the milk control program database, for 2005 and 2006. Dairy cattle mortality and milk bacteriological quality (somatic counts) are explained with linear models and static and dynamic panel models, respectively. A global effect of farmer's health competencies on the overall health issues of the farm is shown, but competencies must be translated into capabilities (actions) before impacting on health. The spatialization of the models reveals some territorial correlations that clearly show the effect of institutions on animal health. The institutional analysis shows that an important part of the herd health rests on the farmer's individual competencies, as well as on some collective competencies. These competencies can be strengthened and revealed into capabilities with more accurate and regular preventive interventions in farms and with more farmers' education
Dahm, Rebecca. "Effets de l’introduction d’une approche plurielle fondée sur des langues inconnues sur le système didactique : des éléments de cadrage à la mise en place expérimentale en classe d’anglais au collège." Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR22060/document.
Full textThis doctoral research work is embedded in the field of language didactics and is equally based on the linguistics and cognitive theoretical fields. Its main goal is to study the introduction of pluralistic approaches based on unknown languages (PAUL) within the English class, at lower secondary school. It seeks to understand the effects of such a change of knowledge on the actors of the pedagogical relationship (student and teacher). A quasi-experiment was conducted in 2011-2012 in five year 7 and four year 9 forms. Students, in groups of four, were successively confronted to three unknown languages (Dutch, Italian and Finnish). They were asked to solve metasemantic, metasyntactic or metaphonological problems in turn, for each of these languages. This doctoral work first explores the institutional and theoretical framework. Then, it presents the methodological framework so as to be able to analyze the effects of the change of the knowledge parameter which has become multilingual, both on the students and the teachers. When looking into the effects of PAUL on the Knowledge-Teacher relationship, we observe that it enables teachers to better apprehend concepts such as problem-solving, conceptualisation, learning strategies and competence. The didactic transposition is hence modified: teachers have gradually been led to develop teaching sequences with higher standards giving more space to the student. The study of the Teacher-Student relationship highlights a change in practice, mainly due to the implementation of group work. The role of the teacher is then revised: he becomes a facilitator of the collaborative learning. Finally, the analysis of the Knowledge-Student relationship underlines the necessary awareness that leads to the development of multilingual competences through the implementation of learning strategies which appear to be transferable to the study of L2
Potapushkina-Delfosse, Marie. "Gestes, contes, théâtre : une approche multimodale de l'anglais pour des élèves débutants à l'école primaire." Thesis, Le Mans, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LEMA3005.
Full textThis participatory study on teaching languages in primary school aims to develop and test an experiential approach to English teaching and learning for beginners, based on the principle of gestural narration.This interdisciplinary research focuses on the concept of gesture as described by the linguistic anthropologist Marcel Jousse, put into practice by the theatre instructor Jacques Lecoq, embodied by Mark Johnson’s theory of image schemata in cognitive linguistics and confirmed by recent discoveries in neuroscience.In this teaching approach, gesture is the instrument, while traditional fairy tales provide the subject matter. Fairy tales were chosen because their narrative structure shares some of the characteristics of human motor behaviour (Jousse’s bilateralism) and because they are adapted to the mythic understanding of the world by children aged 6-8 (Egan, educational psychology).This approach was tested in a CE1 class (second year of primary school) during an entire school year. An analysis of student work and interviews assesses the impact of this experimental teaching approach on phonological and lexical language quality, on memorizing strategies, on pupils’ linguistic and gestural creativity/initiative, and evaluates the role of emotion and interaction in their learning
Berkaine, Mohammed Said. "L’approche par compétences, une approche en apesanteur et/ou les pesanteurs de l’environnement d’implantation ? Le cas du curriculum de français du troisième cycle du système éducatif algérien : pertinence et/ou faisabilité ?" Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MON30049.
Full textKeywords: Competence(y/ies), curriculum, (socio) constructivism, inter/trans-disciplinarity, teaching/learning, integrationBacked up by innovation in research in education on one hand, seen as a chimera, a fashion, and / or a push of neoliberalism on the other hand, Competency Based Approach (es) (CBA), sponsored by various international organisations and education experts, has been implemented within a few years in a considerable number of education systems all over the world FRATTERCh. (2004). Hence the generalization of CBA, enforced on behalf of a number of principles such as the consecrated fight against school failure, providing equal opportunities and the enhancement of humanistic and citizenship-related values, is nonetheless raising a number of issues relating to its relevance, feasibility and effectiveness in different contexts. The thorny epistemological aspect originating from the fragility of concepts and paradigms like competence (ies) and constructivism on which CBA is based, stands as perfect illustration of issues pertaining to politico-ideological as well praxeological issues. The present thesis aims, through a study of the implementation and the development of CBA as a “new education dogma” for teaching French at the secondary school level, HIRTT, N. (2009), at investigating the relevance, the effectiveness and even feasibility of CBA in the Algerian context. It also, attempts to rethink CBA’s epistemological, politico-ideological, and praxiological underpinnings following deconstruction stance. This provides an opportunity to launch once again the debate on ethics in foreign language education and to shed light on a number of dysfunctions brought about by the implementation of this novel “normative myth” TEHIO,V., (2009) in the teaching/learning of foreign languages in many countries
Abdallah, Abil. "Les stratégies linguistiques de politesse et la transaction commerciale sur la place d'un souk d'Agadir : une approche en ethnographie de la communication, exemples d'échanges en arabe marocain." Aix-Marseille 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996AIX10081.
Full textCappellini, Marco. "Modélisation systémique des étayages dans un environnement télétandem pour le français et le chinois langues étrangères : une étude interactionniste et écologique du soutien au développement de la compétence de communication." Thesis, Lille 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL30033.
Full textThis thesis studies different forms of scaffolding that students provide in a tandem through desktop videoconference in order to help one another in learning French and Chines as foreign languages. I review studies on learning, interaction, language learning in interaction, communicative competence, the multimodality of computer-mediated communication.For my research, I compiled a corpus of about twenty hours of teletandem interactions. I adopt an epistemological posture which is constructivist, complex, transdisciplinary and comprehensive. I elaborate an interactionist and ecological perspective bringing out different levels of analysis, analyzed separately at first, then together. In this way, I study discursive positioning of expertise and different forms of scaffolding side sequences for language learning. Using descriptive statistics tools, I identify the configurations and attractors of the teletandem pair system and I discuss their potential for the development of communicative competence
Mogade, Sandra. "Impact des contes et des récits endogènes sur la performance des compétences d’écriture d’élèves de sixième en difficulté en espace créolophone martiniquais : approche narrato-discursive et psychoculturelle." Thesis, Antilles-Guyane, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AGUY0867/document.
Full textThe present research deals with cultural psychology. It aims to show how culture can influence the cognitive skills of underachieving students.Before cultural psychology emerged, social constructivism best represented by Piaget and Vygotski, and later in the twentieth century by Jérôme Bruner or Bertrand Troadec underlined the importance of culture in children’s mental dispositions.Their research on influence of culture in children’s cognitive dispositions are used as guiding principle.Over the years, it has been noticed that quite a large number of Martinican secondary school students from ages 11 to 12 had writing problems. In reality, national assessments have always confirmed this fact. Obviously papers about children’s writing problems have been written by many specialists. But it is interesting to consider this issue in relation to cultural psychology. In addition, this perspective shows the subject in his own singularity in interaction with his social background. It appears that stories, presented as social background’s products, are considered as systems which make sense for students who are in cognitive distress. Skills in writting will thus become for us a kind of mirror to assess the quality of thinking
Charbonnier-Brigaud, Emmanuelle. "Paresse sociale (social loafing) et croyances auto-repérées : une approche expérimentale du rôle de l'unicité du soi en situation de travail collectif." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000CLF20018.
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