Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Approche dans le domaine fréquentiel'
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El, Hellani Doha. "Approche LMI pour l'analyse et la synthèse de filtres H∞ dans un domaine fréquentiel fini." Thesis, Amiens, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AMIE0021/document.
Full textThis work is concerned with the H∞ filtering problem in a finite frequency domain for different types of dynamic systems, such that uncertain systems, nonlinear systems via TS fuzzy model, time delay systems and systems with communication constraints. The main contribution is the development of new H∞ filter analysis and design approaches which reduce the conservatism of results found in the literature. The filter stability and design problems, for different classes of dynamic systems, are formulated as optimization problems with Linear Matrix Inequality (LMI). Simulation examples are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness and the less conservatism of the proposed approaches in comparison with other solutions that appear in the literature
El, Hellani Doha. "Approche LMI pour l'analyse et la synthèse de filtres H∞ dans un domaine fréquentiel fini." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Amiens, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AMIE0021.
Full textThis work is concerned with the H∞ filtering problem in a finite frequency domain for different types of dynamic systems, such that uncertain systems, nonlinear systems via TS fuzzy model, time delay systems and systems with communication constraints. The main contribution is the development of new H∞ filter analysis and design approaches which reduce the conservatism of results found in the literature. The filter stability and design problems, for different classes of dynamic systems, are formulated as optimization problems with Linear Matrix Inequality (LMI). Simulation examples are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness and the less conservatism of the proposed approaches in comparison with other solutions that appear in the literature
Bouazzouni, Amar. "Contribution à l'identification de structures linéaires dissipatives dans le domaine fréquentiel." Besançon, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BESA2066.
Full textDelacre, Elisabeth. "Caractérisation thermique de matériaux poreux humides par analyse inverse dans le domaine fréquentiel." Artois, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ARTO0203.
Full textMeunier, Laurent. "Caractérisation de systèmes non-linéaires dans le domaine fréquentiel : application aux trépidations automobiles." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ECDL0048.
Full textFall, Abdoulaye. "Réflectométrie optique dans le domaine fréquentiel pour l’analyse des réseaux locaux domestiques optiques." Thesis, Evry, Institut national des télécommunications, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TELE0011/document.
Full textIn order to develop high capacity future-proof home network, the FUI 12 RLDO project suggests passive star network topology using multimode couplers. This topology encounters implementation difficulties due to the non-uniformity of the power distribution in the output ports of multimode couplers. Analyzing this problem shows that the properties of modes propagating in the network elements plays a key role in this non-uniform characteristics of multimode couplers. In order to characterize these modes propagating in the network, we have developed a complex optical frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR) setup. The phenomena limiting the sensitivity to the phase in OFDR – in fact, those related to the non-linear frequency tuning of the laser source - are investigated to contribute to a better understanding of the limiting mechanisms. Then we have tested the intensity and phase measurement performance of the developed setup. Later, we studied the optimal resolution conditions to characterize the modes in a multimode waveguide. We have also analyzed the uncertainty of the measurement of the chromatic dispersion of modes in case where it is impossible to determine whether one or several modes are present in a given dispersion curve. Additionally, we have introduced an adaptive time-frequency method, to obtain the dispersion curves with optimal resolution. This method allows us to show the versatility of the special RLDO multimode fiber (single-mode behavior under single-mode excitation at 1310 nm and 1550 nm). The analysis of the propagation in the optical fibers, associated with a model we have developed to study the behavior of multimode couplers, has permitted to explain encountered difficulties with the experiments of the multimode passive star network topology. This also gives insights to develop a functional prototype of network
Fall, Abdoulaye. "Réflectométrie optique dans le domaine fréquentiel pour l’analyse des réseaux locaux domestiques optiques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Evry, Institut national des télécommunications, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TELE0011.
Full textIn order to develop high capacity future-proof home network, the FUI 12 RLDO project suggests passive star network topology using multimode couplers. This topology encounters implementation difficulties due to the non-uniformity of the power distribution in the output ports of multimode couplers. Analyzing this problem shows that the properties of modes propagating in the network elements plays a key role in this non-uniform characteristics of multimode couplers. In order to characterize these modes propagating in the network, we have developed a complex optical frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR) setup. The phenomena limiting the sensitivity to the phase in OFDR – in fact, those related to the non-linear frequency tuning of the laser source - are investigated to contribute to a better understanding of the limiting mechanisms. Then we have tested the intensity and phase measurement performance of the developed setup. Later, we studied the optimal resolution conditions to characterize the modes in a multimode waveguide. We have also analyzed the uncertainty of the measurement of the chromatic dispersion of modes in case where it is impossible to determine whether one or several modes are present in a given dispersion curve. Additionally, we have introduced an adaptive time-frequency method, to obtain the dispersion curves with optimal resolution. This method allows us to show the versatility of the special RLDO multimode fiber (single-mode behavior under single-mode excitation at 1310 nm and 1550 nm). The analysis of the propagation in the optical fibers, associated with a model we have developed to study the behavior of multimode couplers, has permitted to explain encountered difficulties with the experiments of the multimode passive star network topology. This also gives insights to develop a functional prototype of network
Ezzine, Montassar. "Observation et commande des systèmes linéaires dans les domaines temporel et fréquentiel." Phd thesis, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00653058.
Full textTrad, Farah. "Stability of some hyperbolic systems with different types of controls under weak geometric conditions." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Valenciennes, Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPHF0015.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is to investigate the stabilization of certain second order evolution equations. First, we focus on studying the stabilization of locally weakly coupled second order evolution equations of hyperbolic type, characterized by direct damping in only one of the two equations. As such systems are not exponentially stable , we are interested in determining polynomial energy decay rates. Our main contributions concern abstract strong and polynomial stability properties, which are derived from the stability properties of two auxiliary problems: the sole damped equation and the equation with a damping related to the coupling operator. The main novelty is thatthe polynomial energy decay rates are obtained in several important situations previously unaddressed, including the case where the coupling operator is neither partially coercive nor necessarily bounded. The main tools used in our study are the frequency domain approach combined with new multipliers technique based on the solutions of the resolvent equations of the aforementioned auxiliary problems. The abstract framework developed is then illustrated by several concrete examples not treated before. Next, the stabilization of a two-dimensional Kirchhoff plate equation with generalized acoustic boundary conditions is examined. Employing a spectrum approach combined with a general criteria of Arendt-Batty, we first establish the strong stability of our model. We then prove that the system doesn't decay exponentially. However, provided that the coefficients of the acoustic boundary conditions satisfy certain assumptions we prove that the energy satisfies varying polynomial energy decay rates depending on the behavior of our auxiliary system. We also investigate the decay rate on domains satisfying multiplier boundary conditions. Further, we present some appropriate examples and show that our assumptions have been set correctly. Finally, we consider a wave wave transmission problem with generalized acoustic boundary conditions in one dimensional space, where we investigate the stability theoretically and numerically. In the theoretical part we prove that our system is strongly stable. We then present diverse polynomial energy decay rates provided that the coefficients of the acoustic boundary conditions satisfy some assumptions. we give relevant examples to show that our assumptions are correct. In the numerical part, we study a numerical approximation of our system using finite volume discretization in a spatial variable and finite difference scheme in time
Demailly, David. "Etude du comportement non-linéaire dans le domaine fréquentiel --- Application à la dynamique rotor." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00587168.
Full textSirgue, Laurentf1975. "Inversion de la forme d'onde dans le domaine fréquentiel de données sismiques grands offsets." Paris 11, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA112088.
Full textThe standard imaging approach in exploration seismology relies on a decomposition of the velocity model by spatial scales: the determination of the low wavenumbers of the velocity field is followed by the reconstruction of the high wavenumbers. However, for models presenting a complex structure, the recovery of the high wavenumbers may be significantly improved by the determination of intermediate wavenumbers. These, can potentially be recovered by local, non-linear waveform inversion of wide-angle data. However, waveform inversion is limited by the non-linearity of the inverse problem, which is in turn governed by the minimum frequency in the data and the starting model. For very low frequencies, below 7 Hz, the problem is reasonably linear so that waveform inversion may be applied using a starting model obtained from traveltime tomography. The frequency domain is then particularly advantageous as the inversion from the low to the high frequencies is very efficient. Moreover, it is possible to discretise the frequencies with a much larger sampling interval than dictated by the sampling theorem and still obtain a good imaging result. A strategy for selecting frequencies is developed where the number of input frequencies can be reduced when a range of offsets is available: the larger the maximum offset is, the fewer frequencies are required. Real seismic data unfortunatly do not contain very low frequencies and waveform inversion at higher frequencies are likely to fail due to convergence into a local minimum. Preconditioning techniques must hence be applied on the gradient vector and the data residuals in order to enhance the efficacy of waveform inversion starting from realistic frequencies. The smoothing of the gradient vector and inversion of early arrivals significantly improve the chance of convergence into the global minimum. The efficacy of preconditioning methods are however limited by the accuracy of the starting model
Ezzine, Montassar. "Observation et commande des systèmes linéaires dans les domaines temporel et fréquentiel." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Nancy 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NAN10055.
Full textIn this dissertation, we investigated the problems of the estimation but also the controller based-observer design in the time and frequency domains, for both standard linear systems and more general systems algebro-differentials ones also called singular systems. The goal of our approach is to propose easily implementable results and to cover the largest possible class of linear systems. So, we began to propose methods for unknown inputs observers design for linear systems without and with delay, subject to unknown inputs which can result from noise, sensors and actuators faults ... We search here to decouple the unknown inputs and the dynamics of the observation error. The time domain method is based on LMIs permitting to find the gain matrix implemented in the observer matrices. The LMI approach is deduced from various bounded lemmas which themselves are based on Lyapunov approach. The frequency domain synthesis is derived from time domain results by defining suitable MFDs and using the factorization approach. We then propose, filters that permits to ensure, in addition to the stability, an H-infinity performance criteria, i.e we search to attenuate the perturbations effect, supposed unknown but of bounded energy, on the dynamics of the estimation error. One of the main contributions of our work, is to propose a new writing of the error dynamics in a singular form in order to avoid the time derivative of the disturbance in the error dynamics. So, the constraints that generally exist on the matrices of synthesized unbiased filters can be relaxed, i.e filters, that they do not depend explicitly on the state x(t) of the system and on the input u(t). The frequency method is deduced from time domain approach by using the factorisation approach. It should be noted that this frequency domain description, (input-output) representation, may allow an easy implementation in the frequency domain when it is recommended. Finally, we apply the proposed estimation methods to control purpose. In fact, in a first part, we propose a new direct synthesis of a controller based on a H-infinity filter directly in the frequency domain for standard linear systems. Then, we focus our attention on singular systems for both continuous and discrete cases and we propose to search for a linear control law using a functional filter which ensures an H-infinity performance criteria. Our approach is obtained into two steps. In fact, first, we search for a linear control law which ensures some specifications for the closed loop system (stability,...). The state feedback is seen as a functional of the state and is then estimated using our previous results on the H-infinity filtering
Moise, Nicolae. "Analyse dans le domaine fréquentiel de la durée de vie de la fluorescence des systèmes photosynthétiques." Paris 11, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA112110.
Full textContrary to the chlorophyll fluorescence in solution, the fluorescence of photosynthetic systems in vivo is characterized by a variable quantum yield, which depends on the system's capacity to convert the excitation energy. Based on the phase and modulation fluorometry (PMF) technique, we developed two newly instruments in the 30-500 MHz range, which measure the fluorescence lifetime changes during the fluorescence induction with a millisecond sampling rate. The multi-frequency PMF allowed us to obtain for the first time a direct decomposition of fluorescence heterogeneities during a complete fluorescence induction upon a dark to light transition in leaves. In spite of this heterogeneity, a quasi-proportionality between the average lifetime and quantum yield during the fluorescence induction was obtained. Therefore, proposals to reconcile the two aspects of the chlorophyll fluorescence emission in-vivo, heterogeneous structure and homogeneous kinetics were made. We proved, on the basis of a kinetic model with three compartments, that the heterogeneity of the fluorescence is due to the compartmentation of the excitation energy in the antenna of PSII. The third compartment, a loosely connected chlorophyll-protein complex located on the minor antenna or on the reaction center of PSII, was also found to be responsible for the fast conformational change during the thermal phase of the fluorescence induction. A transitory blue shift of the red maximum at 685 nm of the chlorophyll fluorescence spectrum strongly sustains our hypothesis. The fast conformational change observed during the thermal phase is different from the conformational change due to the aggregation of the antenna as photoregulation mechanism. The multi-frequency PMF proved to be a new and powerful methodological approach for the analysis of the variable fluorescence and excitation energy dynamics of the photosynthetic apparatus
Vatus, Éric. "Contribution à l'analyse des lignes de transmission non-uniformes simples et couplées dans le domaine fréquentiel." Toulouse, INPT, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003INPT026H.
Full textLeib, Nicholas. "Modélisation du comportement impactant d'un ensemble câble-gaine dans le domaine fréquentiel : Application aux commandes à câbles." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2008. http://bibli.ec-lyon.fr/exl-doc/TH_T2151_nleib.pdf.
Full textIn this thesis we study the dynamic behavior of a vehicle’s gearshift cables. To ensure proper assembly and functioning of the pieces, there are clearances in the system. The latter cause a vibro-impacting phenomenon, called tizzing, that can bother the driver. The aim of this work, done in collaboration with PSA Peugeot-Citroën, is to understand the sources of cable tizzing, and predict its presence in different configurations. The first part is devoted to presenting the different methods used to solve a nonlinear problem in the frequency domain. A method to determine the frequency response on a car motor’s bandwidth is presented and an approach to estimate the high frequency content after a harmonic balance is proposed. These methods are applied on a simple vibro-impacting system. The next part presents the different experiments that were conducted to determine the source of cable tizzing and identify the physical characteristics of the cable and its protective housing. A experimental testbench served as a reference to validate a finite element model. Then, the model is presented and the correlation results are shown. A criterion is proposed and helps establish whether or not, the system is going to tizz. Finally, the latter is used to compare the tizzing level on different vehicle configurations
Bouizem, Boudjema. "Étude des techniques de traitement de signal dans le domaine fréquentiel pour la caractérisation vibratoire des structures." Compiègne, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989COMPD170.
Full textYoucef, Abdelhakim. "Amélioration des performances du traitement des interférences dans le domaine fréquentiel pour les communications acoustiques sous marines." Télécom Bretagne, 2013. http://www.telecom-bretagne.eu/publications/publication.php?idpublication=14141.
Full textUnderwater acoustic (UWA) communications allow wireless transmission between the surface and the bottom of a subsea environment based on acoustic waves. The wireless acoustic link reduces the physical infrastructure cost compared to the cable-based underwater communications. However, underwater acoustic channel imposes severe degradations on the transmitted signal. Its propagation characteristics are widely different from those of the radio channel. The multipath propagation caused by multiple reflections on the bottom and the surface, causes intersymbol interference (ISI) which must be compensated at the receiver. Furthermore, by the movement of the transmitting and receiving platforms, the UWA channel is time-variant yielding Doppler spread which induces a compression/expansion phenomenon of the symbol duration, associated to a frequency shift of the signal spectrum. The objective of this thesis is to propose low-complexity communication techniques in the UWA channel, in order to remove interferences while ensuring energy-efficient transmission link. The reduction in complexity is achieved by treating interferences in the frequency-domain which minimizes the energy consumption of the transmission system. We first propose adaptive frequency-domain equalization techniques in a decision directed mode, in order to remove ISI and track the time-variation in the UWA channel. Then, we propose a single-user SC-FDMA transmission scheme with a uniform distributed subcarrier allocation and using frequency-domain interval guards, in order to improve the robustness of the receiver against the Doppler effect in the UWA channel. Finally, we propose an adaptive frequency-domain turbo equalizer using iterative receiver, which allows to significantly reduce the bit error rate over iterations. Note that multiple-input receiver is considered in order to benefit from the diversity combining gain to achieve a higher signal to noise ratio (SNR). Furthermore, equalization is optimized jointly with phase synchronization to compensate residual frequency offsets at the equalizer output. The performance of the proposed solutions are measured over real time-variant underwater acoustic channel in the Atlantic Ocean
Marlier, Clément. "Modélisation des perturbations électromagnétiques dans les convertisseurs statiques pour des applications aéronautiques." Thesis, Lille 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIL10145/document.
Full textSince the 1990’s, electricital energy tends to replace pneumatic and hydraulic energy aboard aircrafts. This allows to reduce weight, volume and maintenance costs of the actuators. Electrical energy is used for more and more variated functions thanks to the generalization of the power converters. These power converters are based on the use of semiconductor devices in switching mode which generates sharp voltage and current variations. This leads to electromagnetic (EMC) issues. In order to obtain the compliance to EMC standards, a heavy and bulky filter is often added to the system, which lower the gain allowed by the transition to electrical energy. In order to optimize the filter added, it is interesting to take into account the EMC at the design step. Thus it is necessary to have a predictive modeling tool. In this thesis, a modeling method of the conducted electromagnetic interference (EMI) emitted valid up to 50MHz by a system is proposed. Thus our work is devided into two parts. First, we propose a modeling method of the propagation paths including power cable. Then, we propose a modeling method of the EMI sources in frequency domain. This method is based on the use of multiple equivalent generators topologies and allows to retranscript the non-linear behaviour of the converters. This method is experimentally validated on a buck-converter and a single phased inverter
Qiu, Lei. "Caractérisation d'un système par impédance thermique : application à la détection de défauts résistifs dans une structure en béton." Thesis, Artois, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ARTO0208.
Full textThe work developed is located in the context of thermal identification and non-destructive testing of systems. The objective is to describe the behavior of stable or slowly progressive approach by identifying thermophysical parameters. The approach is to first establish the theoretical model of the system tested in the basic "explanation" which is usually the time and, from experimental results to be determined by optimizing the parameters sought. The system studied is characterized by its response function (transfer function, impedance,...). In these functions, the medium is characterized by global parameters or apparent. Our analysis is placed in the frequency domain where the convolution product, which exists in the space of time, turns into a single product. The system is then characterized by its transfer function. The study of flow-temperature relationships in a plane leads to introduce the concept of thermal impedance. Developments and applications made in this work are related to the thermal characterization of concrete in the laboratory and in situ and the detection of defects adequately contrasted positioned at different depths. The ultimate goal is to be able to use the solicitation for the identification of natural systems. The difficulty lies in the exploitation of natural data so random in a process located in the frequency domain. Flux measurements and temperature are performed on one side of access, which is in contact with the outside microclimatic environment
Boukari, Olfa. "Etude et modélisation des lasers à semiconducteur pour la conception d’un dispositif de mesure par réflectrométrie optique dans le domaine fréquentiel." Rouen, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ROUES037.
Full textCoherent Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometry C-OFDR is used for the characterization of optical components with great dynamic range and sensitivity. This technique requires a coherent tunable laser source with an optical frequency swept linearly. Our work consists in studying the application of semiconductor laser as tunable source, by exploiting the chirp induced by the sawtooth or triangular modulation of the injection current. We characterize, theoretically and in simulation, the linearity and the amplitude of the variation in time of the chirp. The results obtained of the two approaches are in a good agreement. As application we measure, in simulation, Mach-Zehnder interferometer time delay, by using C-OFDR based on DFB laser source under sawtooth and triangular direct modulation. We theoretically calculated the power density of C-OFDR beat signal by taking into account the noise terms, in the case of BH and DFB lasers, deduced from the resolution of laser rate equations
Ouhachi, Rezki. "Mise en oeuvre d'un banc de caractérisation non linéaire dans le domaine fréquentiel pour l'analyse de transistors HBT Si/SiGe : C." Thesis, Lille 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LIL10165/document.
Full textThe emergence of satellite communications and radar technologies always require more compact microwave power devices for integration of analog/digital operations on a single chip, reducing the manufacturing cost. As an exemple, since many years heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT) permits to improve the silicon power transistor performances for microwave applications associated with CMOS technology. In this context, this work focuses on the characterization and modeling of these active devices. For this goal, a non linear bench and a large signal model are developed up to 50 GHz. On the first step, the non-linear measurement is carried out using the NVNA for load-pull measurements on the frequency domain and results are compared with those obtained from the LSNA on the time domain. This instrumental configuration associated with the dynamic operating capabilities of NVNA highlights its advantages and disadvantages. Subsequently, a SiGe HBT device extraction parameters procedure has been validated to establish a large signal model. The originality of this last one is its predictive extraction procedure and fast implementation based on the semiconductors analytical equations. Extraction steps are proven very effective in confrontations with the experimental data of the device under test with the same biases and for different load impedances. At last, thermal currents impacts on microwave power performance are discussed in time and frequency domains
Mamfoumbi, Ozoumet Frichnel W. "Inversion de formes d'ondes complètes dans le domaine fréquentiel en se basant sur un espace de recherche étendu : comprendre les limites." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024COAZ5008.
Full textFull Waveform Inversion (FWI) has become the cornerstone of seismic imaging workflows in exploration geophysics. FWI is a non destructive imaging device that estimates properties of a medium from waves. Mathematically, FWI is an inverse scattering problem formulated as a constrained data fitting problem for the estimation of the parameters contained in the coefficients of the wave equation constraint. FWI is generally solved with iterative local optimization methods due to the size of the data and parameter spaces. As solving FWI with the method of Lagrange multipliers is expensive, the full search space is classically projected onto the parameter space by variable projection leading to a highly nonlinear problem. This nonlinearity results from the single-scattering Born approximation with which partial derivative data simulate the measured scattered data or data residuals. This approximation requires to satisfy the cycle skipping criterion, that is the simulated data should predict the recorded data with phase errors less than pi. This thesis deals with the wavefield reconstruction inversion (WRI) method, which extends the linear regime of FWI by reconstructing wavefields that are closer to the true wavefields and match the observables without cycle skipping. To this end, wavefields are computed in the initial medium with extended sources given by the sum of the experimental sources and an approximation of the volume sources that would generate the scattered fields by the sought model perturbation at the current iteration. The volume sources are estimated by solving an upstream scattered-data fitting problem before pushing the parameters towards the true ones by minimizing the source extensions. This thesis first provides an update overview of these principles. The optimization problem is formulated with the alternating-direction method of multipliers (ADMM) where the wavefields, the parameters and the Lagrange multipliers are updated with alternating directions and nonsmooth regularization is implemented with proximal algorithms. Then, the behavior of WRI are illustrated with synthetic benchmarks. The first illustrates how WRI manages cycle skipping with a full-aperture circular acquisition. Then, a surface acquisition illustrates how WRI reconstructs progressively the medium from shallow to deep areas. This results because the wavefields are computed by backward/forward propagation of the data residuals from the receivers in the inaccurate background medium. Then, the benefit of long-offset acquisition to perform well-posed WRI while avoiding cycle skipping is shown. The fourth test illustrates the sensitivity of WRI to the penalty parameter controling the relative weight of the data and source misfit functions and compare the results of WRI and FWI. Then, the role of sparsity-promoting regularization to reconstruct complex media containing salt bodies is illustrated. Finally, WRI is assessed at the regional scale where the size of the domains leads to hundred of propagated wavelengths and the inversion is stabilized with weighting operator in the source misfit function. Finally, WRI is assessed with a 2D real dataset from the OBN Gorgon survey, Australia. Although the results were impeded by the 2D configuration, the ability of WRI to match arbitrarily well the data is shown while WRI outperforms FWI as highlighted by a better match of well logs and sharper reconstruction of the Gorgon horst at reservoir levels. Perspectives are the efficient numerical implementation of WRI allowing for application on 3D real data to refine the conclusions drawn from this first real data application
Drillon, Dominique. "Motivation environnement et performance : approche psychologique de la motivation dans le domaine sportif." Paris 10, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA100149.
Full textObjective: this research shows how the degree and motivation develops or diminishes depending on various different criteria. We have also established a number of indicators which can be seen to translate the degree of motivation of the athlete or to depend to some degree on the level of motivation. Contents description: vol 1: introduction, method, conclusion and appendices. Vol 2: theoretical aspects and bibliography vol 3: quantitative analysis vol 4: qualitative analysis vol 5: record of data methodology: the research was carried out with a population sample of around a hundred top level athletes from the rennes area. It consisted of observing changes in the degree of motivation of the athletes over a period of 12 weeks and or recording a certain number of parameters. We have a dual approach: on the one hand, psychosociological and on the other, clinical. The observation method consists of a questionnaire followed up by a series of interviews. The content of the questionnaire is in past based on a synthesis of academic sources on the subject
Mouchiroud, Christophe. "La créativité dans le domaine des interactions sociales : une approche différentielle et développementale." Paris 5, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA05H057.
Full textCreativity can be defined as the ability to behave in novel and adaptive ways in given contexts. This approach allowed the examination of creative behaviors in the social realm, in the framework of a multivariate model of creativity. Two cross-sectional studies as well as three complementary studies were conducted to examine the development of creative social behaviors. In the two main studies, 267 elementary and junior high school students aged between 6 and 16 were observed using creative divergent thinking tasks, in which participants had to imagine as many novel solutions as possible to familiar social dilemmas. The hypothesis of social creativity as a unitary construct was tested. Analyses of quantitative and qualitative indices of creativity (fluency, statistical originality, and consensual judgments of creativity) showed a pattern of developmental growth as well as a unified structure for creative social abilities. (. . . )
Liron, Romain. "Approche écologique dans la conception d’outils cognitifs dans le domaine administratif : application à l’artisanat du bâtiment." Thesis, Lorient, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORIL391/document.
Full textThis work adopts the cognitive engineering framework for the design and evaluation of cognitive tools interfaces in the administrative handicraft field. This framework relies on an ecological approach of work systems. The objectives of this work were twofold. First, it consisted in showing the heuristic value of the ecological approach. Second, we aimed at proposing a user interface for a mobile digital cognitive tool assisting administrative tasks. More precisely, we proposed to consolidate the work domain analysis framework by considering some of the more complex characteristics to model, that is to say recursion and the ethical dimension. Afterwards, we tested a recent method named “Turing Machine Task Analysis” to validate and verify the work domain model. We also proposed a new verification and validation method for work domain model, named “viewpoints method”. Based on a modeling of the administrative handicraft domain, we tested several user interface mockups for a cognitive tool. This experiment permitted us to measure the degree of application of the Ecological Interface Design principles. Finally, we proposed and tested a final mockup for craftsmen
Faghiri, Pegah. "La variation de l'ordre des constituants dans le domaine préverbal en persan : approche empirique." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCA161.
Full textThis thesis proposes a quantitative study of word order variations in Persian, focusing on the relative order between the direct object (DO) and the indirect object (IO). The latter plays a crucial role in the theoretical analyses of the VP, which in the absence of quantitative studies lack solid empirical underpinning. My first goal is to contribute to the study of Persian syntax by providing reliable data in order to evaluate the prevailing hypothesis according to which there exists a dual canonical relative order between the two objects triggered by the Differential Object marking (DOM). My second goal is to contribute to the ongoing debates on word order preferences in general linguistics and typology by bringing in data on an SOV language with mixed head-direction. To this end, I study the effect of factors such as grammatical weight (or relative length), which are claimed to influence the linear order across languages. First, the results of our corpus and experimental studies show that the DOM account of the relative order between the DO and the IO is flawed. Based on this conclusion, I also reject the two object positions hypothesis and plead for a flat structure view of the VP. Second, our data reveal a “long-before-short” preference, which is shown to depend on the effect of salience-enhancing factors such as definiteness, animacy and the grammatical role. I argue that while this preference is, either totally or partially, incompatible with the predictions of processing-oriented dependency-based models, it can be accounted for by production models assuming that the greater conceptual accessibility of longer constituents favors their early position in SOV languages
Bodin, Jacques. "Transport de solutés dans des réseaux de fractures discrets : nouvelle approche Lagrangienne dans le domaine des temps." Paris 6, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA066394.
Full textChevreuil, Mathilde. "Sur une nouvelle approche en calcul dynamique transitoire, incluant les basses et les moyennes fréquences." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00016087.
Full textVillemin, Guilhem. "Caractérisation de sources large bande dans le domaine temporel sans contraintes sur le nombre de capteurs." Phd thesis, Ecole centrale de Marseille, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00927102.
Full textDabbagui, Abderrazak. "Conception d'une spectroscopie diélectrique dans le domaine temporel et fréquentiel pour les systèmes d'isolation en électrotechnique : applications pour les matériaux composites renforcés par des particules." Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2006. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/489/1/DABBAGUI_Abderrazak.pdf.
Full textHarani, Yasmina. "Une approche multi-modèles pour la capitalisation des connaissances dans le domaine de la conception." Grenoble INPG, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPG0178.
Full textBarbier, Johann. "Analyse de canaux de communication dans un contexte non coopératif." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2007. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00003711.
Full textAlawadhi, Hamid Ali Motea. "La difficulte en traduction approche theorique et pratique dans le domaine de la traduction francais-arabe." Paris 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA030132.
Full textOUR DOCTORAL DISSERTATION IS THREEFOLD AND ITS THREE PARTS COMPLEMENT EACH OTHER. IN THE FIRST PART WE MAKE AN ATTEMPT TO DEFINE THE TRANSLATION PROBLEM. THIS IS ALTOGETHER GENERAL AND ANALYTICAL; IT CAN HAVE AN OVERALL SCOPE OR CAN BE AN AD HOC DIFFICULTY; AND ITS NATURE HAS TO DO WITH LANGUAGE, METHODOLOY AND COGNITION AS WELL. ANY TRANSLATION PROBLEM CAN AFFECT DIFFERENTLY THE UNDERSTANDING OF THE TEXTE TO BE TRANSLATED AS WELL AS THE WRITING OR WORDING OF THE TRANSLATED TEXT. AT THIS POINT, WE PUT FORWARD A NEW ANALYTICAL UNIT THAT WE CALL, IN FRENCH A TRADUCTEME. IT IS THE SMALLEST ANALYTICAL UNIT, RELATED TO LANGUAGE OR COGNITION OF VARAIBLE length, WICH CAN BE PERCEIVED OR DEDUCTED IN THE ANALYSIS OF A TRANSLATION VERSUS THE ORIGINAL. THE TRADUCTEMES SHOULD NOT BE MISTAKEN WITH THE RESULT OF A MERE SPLITTING OF PHYSICAL UNITS OF THE WRITTEN TEXTE; FAR FROM BEING TINY BITS OF A LINGUISTIC NATURE, THEY POSE THEMSELVES AS COGNITIVE, ANALYTIC, AND COMPOSITIONAL UNITS. TALKING OF THIS GENERAL AXIS, WE MUST SAY THAT IT IS HERE THAT ONE LEARNS TO IDENTIFY THE KIND OF TRANSLATION PROBLEM(S) ONE IS DEALING WITH AT A GIVEN MOMENT, BUT DEPENDING ON THE STAGE THE TRANSLATOR IS IN: BEFORE, DURING OR AFTER THE TRANSLATION PROCESS, SECOND, WE LOOK AT A CLASSIFICATION OF TRANSLATION PROBLEMS: RELATED TO LANGUAGE, DEALING WITH COGNITION OR CONCERNING CULTURE. IN EACH AND EVERY CATEGORY, THE PROBLEMS ARE LOOKED AT IN ORDER TO IDENTIFY THEM AND DERMINE IF THE TRANSLATOR HAS TO DO WITH A DIFFICULTY OF UNDERSTADING (IDENTIFYING WHAT IS IN THE ORIGINAL), OR A REEXPRESSION ONE (HOW TO TRANSFER THE ORIGINAL MEANING IN THE TRANSLATION). THE LAST PART, IT IS ABOUT DOCUMENTATION AND LITTERATURE TRANSLATORS COULD USE TO HELP SOLVING THE PROBLEMS THEY ENCOUNTER. THEY ARE LANGUAGE-ORIENTED AS IT IS THE CASE WITH MONOLINGUAL OR BILINGUAL DICTIONARIES, DESCRIPITVE AS WITH ENCYCLOPEDIA, GENERAL ONES AS WELL AS SPECIALIZED, ATLAS AND SO ON
Finez, Lucie Rosnet Elisabeth Berjot Sophie. "Comprendre et prédire les stratégies d'auto-handicap revendiqué dans le domaine du sport une approche interactionniste /." Reims : [s.n.], 2008. http://scdurca.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00000963.pdf.
Full textFinez, Lucie. "Comprendre et prédire les stratégies d'auto-handicap revendiqué dans le domaine du sport : une approche interactionniste." Reims, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008REIML009.
Full textThe present work investigates, with an interactional approach, the dispositional and situational determinants of claimed self-handicapping strategies in the sport field. The effect of self handicapping tendencies and self-esteem on the claims reported by athletes was examined within four experimental conditions that changed according to the self-threat they generated (no-threat, self-threat, failure meaningful, success-meaningful). Regression analysis revealed that self handicapping tendencies and self-esteem are pertinent and complementary predictors of this strategy and interact with situational threats. Planned comparisons indicated that whatever their self-handicapping tendencies and self-esteem (physical or global), participants claimed more handicaps before a task assessing highly valued self-dimensions (self-threat condition) than before a non-evaluative task (no threat condition). It also appeared that high self-handicappers and low self-esteem athletes self-handicapped before a test with no evaluative component (no threat condition). The Claimed Self-Handicapping Scale in Sport (CSHS-S) which was developed in the first chapter was used in chapters III, IV & V to assess self handicapping tendencies and showed satisfying psychometric properties and predictive value. Our findings suggest that it is necessary to distinguish claims according to the three mechanisms they can arise from, i. E. Strategically causal attribution, automatic claims or incorporated handicap
Dhemaied, Amine. "Modélisation directe de la propagation d'ondes dans les milieux visco-élastiques : approche 2D par différences finies dans le domaine temporel." Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066272.
Full textBonzom, Florian. "Problèmes elliptiques en domaines non bornés: une approche dans des espaces de Sobolev avec poids." Phd thesis, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00345851.
Full textHeitz, Stéphanie. "Approche gériatrique de la prescription dans le domaine cardio-vasculaire : prévention de la iatropathologie médicamenteuse, optimisation thérapeutique." Paris 5, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA05P246.
Full textASSAILLY, SYLVIE. "Contribution a l'etude des antennes imprimees multicouches par une approche dans le domaine spectral. Application au couplage." Rennes 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990REN10026.
Full textMontagner, Caroline. "Approche biophysique de l'étude de l'insertion du domaine de translocation de la toxine botulique dans les membranes." Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007GRE10305.
Full textBotulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs), the most potent known toxins, are responsible for botulism. They inhibit acetylcholine release at the neuromuscular junction, inducing a flaccid paralysis. Upon intoxication, BoNT binds to its receptor at the plasma membrane of neurons and is then internalized by endocytosis. Inside acidic compartments, the interaction of its translocation domain with the membrane drives the translocation of the catalytic domain into the cytosol. The translocation domain of BoNT/A (Tm) was expressed and produced using a synthetic gene. Its insertion and activity have been shown to be pH dependent and to occur below pH 5. 5. No structural change could be detected by spectroscopy. However, the formation of a quaternary structure is still possible. The sensitivity of Tm activity to membrane curvature has been observed. This could be an additional control to its function. Apomyoglobin belongs to the globin fold family which counts several bacterial toxin domains as members. Its interaction with membranes shares some characteristics with that of the translocation domain of diphtheria toxin. It is a pH-dependent two-step process (binding and insertion) which requires the accumulation of a partially unfolded state. The protein parts involved in each step have been identified using Hydrogen/Deuterium exchanges analyzed by mass spectrometry. An amphipathic helix allows the membrane binding, and a hydrophobic helix is involved in the insertion step. The last helix becomes available upon formation of the partially folded state
Montagner, Caroline. "Approche biophysique de l'étude de l'insertion du domaine de translocation de la toxine botulique dans les membranes." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00264440.
Full textL'apomyoglobine appartient à la famille des protéines à repliement de type globine, comme certaines toxines bactériennes. Son interaction avec la membrane présente de fortes homologies avec celle du domaine de translocation de la toxine diphtérique. Ce processus à deux étapes (liaison puis insertion) est dépendant du pH et requiert le passage par un état partiellement replié. Pour chaque étape, les régions impliquées ont été localisées par des expériences d'échanges Hydrogène/Deuterium analysées par spectrométrie de masse. La liaison à la bicouche se fait par une hélice amphiphile, puis une hélice hydrophobe intervient pour l'insertion. Cette dernière n'est accessible qu'après formation de l'état partiellement replié.
Barbier, Johann. "Analyse de canaux de communication dans un contexte non coopératif : application aux codes correcteurs d'erreurs et à la stéganalyse." Phd thesis, Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EPXX0039.
Full textDemarque, Christophe. "Perspective temporelle future et communication engageante : une approche psychosociale du rapport au futur dans le domaine de l'environnement." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX10047.
Full textThis thesis aims to provide elements about the theoretical status of Time Perspective (TP), and more specifically of future time extension (as measured by the Consideration of Future Consequences scale - CFC). Focusing on the idea of double contextualization, our results show, on the one hand, that CFC plays a contextualizing role since it influences the way in which individuals apprehend environmental issues. If this contextualizing role is well established, we show on the other hand that the effect of CFC is a contextualized effect, depending on the social issues associated with the situation. This way of dealing with time experience is less explored in the literature, whereas it is precisely by taking account the context that a psychosocial approach distinguishes itself from a more personality-based conception. To highlight this contextualized effect, we first showed that CFC was dependent on the social insertion of the subjects. We then put in evidence the dynamic and socially marked character of the relationship between CFC and pro-environmental behaviors, mediated by the perception of ecological risks, a socio-cognitive variable. In an aim of triangulation, we also conducted a series of experimental research based on the binding communication paradigm. The results indicate that the CFC score influences the sensitivity to the arguments of a persuasive message and the acceptance of a costly query (contextualizing role), these effects being modulated by the context (control condition vs. persuasive communication vs. binding communication). Finally, we observed that it was possible to modify, at least momentarily, the sensitivity about long-term consequences of behaviors through a binding communication procedure
Demarque, Christophe. "Perspective temporelle future et communication engageante, une approche psychosociale du rapport au temps dans le domaine de l'environnement." Phd thesis, Aix-Marseille Université, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00825171.
Full textDuffrene, Lucas. "Comportement viscoélastique d'un verre silico-sodocalcique dans le domaine des températures intermédiaires : approche phénoménologique et modélisation en triaxialité." Paris, ENMP, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ENMP0515.
Full textNgo, Mai-Anh. "Approche juridique de la qualité et de la sécurité dans le domaine agro-alimentaire : entre concurrence et consommation." Nice, 2003. http://docelec.u-bordeaux.fr/login?url=http://www.harmatheque.com/ebook/la-qualite-et-la-securite-des-produits-agroalimentaires.
Full textQuality in the field of agricultural products and foodstuffs relates to two aspects: product safety and quality specifications. Safety relates to those factors that render a product safe for human consumption and quality specifications relate to the desired parameters specified by consumers and / or regulators for a particular product. It is shown that agricultural and food product quality is used as a means to either protect or divide markets. In the past, the safety component of product quality was perceived as a means to protect markets and more recently a legal framework has been developed to provide for this protectionism. Product development and promotion can only be effective within a regulated environment that adequately and rigorously ensures agreement between the actual quality of a product and the specified legal quality requirements
AUDIN, CATHERINE. "Cyclisation radicalaire dans le domaine des monosaccharides et application a une approche synthetique du fragment hemicetalique des macrolides polyeniques." Paris 11, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA112078.
Full textFournier, Martine. "Coopération interentreprises dans le domaine de la conception et de la diffusion de technologies nouvelles : une approche évolutionniste : application dans l'industrie des télécommunications." Nancy 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000NAN22001.
Full textFall, Samba. "Economie du droit et indicateurs de qualité dans le domaine de la justice." Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100106.
Full textNgoua, Ella Cyrrus. "Connaissances mobilisées par les élèves du secondaire dans le domaine des fonctions, approche comparative entre la France et l'Afrique francophone." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UBFCD066.
Full textThis thesis in mathematics deals with the notion of function. Indeed, we are interested in the knowledge mobilized, knowledge used, by secondary school students, in France and in French-speaking Africa, in front of tasks related to functions according to three points of view: didactic, epistemological and cognitive. In the first part, the thesis studies the way functions are given to us through The history of this concept based on the article The Concept of Function up to the Middle of the 19th Century by Professor A.P YOUSCHKEVITCH:logic modern mathematics has discovered difficulties for a universal, non-algorithmic definition of a function. In a second part, we ask ourselves the question of what can students do with functions? Why this question ? Indeed, the concept of function occupies an important place in the school programs as well as in each of the mathematics tests, especially in the baccalaureate. In our capacity as teachers, we wanted to understand what can explain the failure of students in the mathematics test in secondary school. In order to better understand what can explain the phenomena observed in secondary school students when solving tasks related to the notion of function, we decided to start from a corpus built according to the formulation of Elena Tognini-Bonelli. From the analysis of this corpus of student tasks and activities on the student side, on the teacher side and on the institution side, it emerges that: the definition of the concept of function is not assimilated by secondary school students; they have arrived at an algorithmic level of the use of functions; Entry by tasks is best suited for teaching functions; the conformity of seeing f or f(x) in a table, etc. We have recalled beforehand the results of work prior to ours in relation to the teaching of the notion of function