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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Approaches of firm

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Academic literature on the topic 'Approaches of firm'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 8 September 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Approaches of firm"

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Petrenko, E. S., E. B. Zhailauov, and A. K. Kabdybay. "Innovative firm management approaches." Корпоративное управление и инновационное развитие экономики Севера, no. 3 (2020): 66–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.34130/2070-4992-2020-3-66.

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Capasso, Marco, and Marina Rybalka. "Innovation Pattern Heterogeneity: Data-Driven Retrieval of Firms’ Approaches to Innovation." Businesses 2, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 54–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/businesses2010004.

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According to a strong and diversified theoretical framework, innovation is one of the usual suspects in defining differences in firm performance. Understanding the diversity that exists within the population of innovative firms is essential for developing appropriate innovation policies. Our study explored the diversity of innovation patterns among Norwegian firms included in the 2018 Community Innovation Survey (CIS2018). By applying factor analysis to a wide array of survey variables and a large sample of firms, we identified eleven typical approaches to innovation, which connect innovation inputs and outputs at the firm level. A main outcome of our study is a novel fine-grained view of innovation as a multifaceted concept. Our research path helps us to find commonalities in innovation behavior across industries and, as a consequence, to better isolate those innovation patterns that differentiate industries from one another. We also show the relation between firm size, on one hand, and each of the firm scores associated to the eleven typical approaches to innovation, on the other hand, thus uncovering ways in which small firms may survive in sectors dominated by large firms.

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Koza, Mitchell P., and Jean-Claude Thoenig. "Rethinking the Firm: Organizational Approaches." Organization Studies 24, no. 8 (October 2003): 1219–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/01708406030248003.

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How does social science based organization theory describe the business firm? Sociology, political science, social psychology and ethnology have inspired two almost classical perspectives. One theorizes the firm as an arena for strategic behavior. The other underlines the way social pressure mechanisms structure a moral community dimension. Two additional approaches exist, less explored. The firm can be defined as a collective actor, the agenda for knowledge being to explain how far collective choice is possible. Or the firm may be studied from a cognitive perspective, as an organization which interprets and thinks. The article argues that organization theory offers a unitary if not limited view of the business firm. Social sciences basically debate around two alternative views which differentiate according to four characteristics: the action arena or the context of behavior; the teleological property of the unit; the payoff matrix or the sources of preferences with which members enter collective choice contexts; and the sources of managerial influence.

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Siu, Wai‐sum, and David A. Kirby. "Approaches to small firm marketing." European Journal of Marketing 32, no. 1/2 (February 1998): 40–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03090569810197417.

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Živělová, I. "Possible approaches to the valuation of a firm." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 50, No. 5 (February 24, 2012): 204–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5190-agricecon.

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Measurement of business performance by using the value of a firm represents a modern tool of financial management. The paper deals with this problem and discusses basic methodological approaches to the determination of farm’s value, especially by means of methods based on the estimation of future revenues.

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Basco, Rodrigo, and Wim Voordeckers. "The relationship between the board of directors and firm performance in private family firms: A test of the demographic versus behavioral approach." Journal of Management & Organization 21, no. 4 (June 3, 2015): 411–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jmo.2015.23.

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AbstractResearch on corporate governance has attempted to investigate the added value of boards of directors through the lenses of both demographic and behavioral approaches. However, investigations into these two approaches, and the subsequent implications for firm performance, have thus far been mainly decoupled from one another. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to put both approaches to the test in the family business context. Using a sample of 567 Spanish family firms, we find that although both approaches can explain the performance of family firms, the behavioral approach explains a much higher proportion of the variation in the firm’s performance. Furthermore, our findings support our hypotheses that the relationship between the proportion of outside directors and firm performance follows an inverted U-shape in private family firms, and that both business-oriented and family-oriented board role performance are positively related with firm performance.

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Mallin, Sean. "Teaching alternative approaches to the firm." International Journal of Pluralism and Economics Education 1, no. 1/2 (2009): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijpee.2009.028967.

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Pipatanantakurn, Kalin, and Vichita Vathanophas Ractham. "The Role of Knowledge Creation and Transfer in Family Firm Succession." Sustainability 14, no. 10 (May 11, 2022): 5845. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14105845.

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The purpose of the study is to investigate the role that knowledge creation and knowledge transfer processes play in family firm intergenerational succession in Thailand. An exploratory qualitative case study approach is used. Interviews were conducted with successors and predecessors of small, medium and large Thai firms that have undergone leadership succession within the past five years (30 firms, for n = 60 interviews). Data were analyzed using a qualitative content analysis approach. There were 16 different knowledge approaches identified that are undertaken by the successor. These processes are commonplace to firms, including formal and informal, internal and external processes of knowledge creation and transfer. Most of these occur at different stages of preparation for succession (pre-succession, transition and succession stages). While some knowledge approaches are used across firms, others are specific to small or large firms. These knowledge approaches and stages were used to develop a knowledge process model for family firm succession. The research develops an original model of the knowledge processes associated with family firm succession. This model, which incorporates a staged succession model with the knowledge processes identified, explains how and why knowledge creation and transfer occur during the succession process.

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Chen, Shibin, and Yuyin Yi. "The Manufacturer Decision Analysis for Corporate Social Responsibility under Government Subsidy." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021 (April 5, 2021): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6617625.

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Charitable donation and energy-saving R&D are two common approaches to fulfill corporate social responsibility (CSR). A recent survey in China shows that most firms prefer donating to investing in energy-saving research and development. To understand firms’ preference, we develop a game model to investigate the optimal CSR decisions and profit of the firm, which considers donation and energy-saving R&D approaches, respectively. Then, we analyze how the government subsidies for CSR, as well as the unit production cost and the R&D cost of energy-saving product, affect the firm’s CSR decisions and the CSR rate of return. Finally, we study the triple bottom line approach, i.e., considering donation and energy-saving R&D approaches simultaneously, and investigate the interaction between the above two approaches. The results show the following. (1) Government subsidy is an important driver for the firm’s CSR fulfillment and the triple bottom line approach is optimal if the government simultaneously provides two subsidies. (2) When the government subsidy for energy-saving product is moderate, the firm will choose the approach with high profit and high CSR rate of return. (3) The CSR rates of return of different approaches are also compared to reveal the efficiency of the CSR fulfillment and the firm may sometimes choose an approach with low CSR rate of return to pursue high profit. We identify why and when firms prefer charitable donation to energy-saving R&D approach and determine the threshold of the firm engaging CSR for the government to formulate CSR subsidy policies.

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Moghal, Sajjad, and Wade D. Pfau. "An Investigation of Firm Heterogeneity in the Constraints to Development and Growth in Pakistan." Pakistan Development Review 48, no. 1 (March 1, 2009): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v48i1pp.1-22.

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This study considers the importance of firm characteristics in explaining the degree of business constraints facing Pakistani firms in the Investment Climate Survey. We quantify how firms with differing characteristics experience particular problems. After controlling for other factors, the largest differences in responses to business constraints occur among firms that vary by manufacturing industry, and among firms operating under different ownership structures or selling in different markets. In some cases, firm size and firm location also play an important role. The age of the firm generally does not lead to significant differences. These results account for the heterogeneity of firms better than others, and may be important for policy-makers to develop more specific approaches to fostering the investment climate.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Approaches of firm"

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Siu, Wai Sum. "Small firm marketing : an analysis of small firm marketing approaches in Hong Kong." Thesis, Durham University, 1997. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/1645/.

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Axelsson, Julius, and Emil Ulander. "Does pay dispersion affect firm performance? : A study of publicly traded Swedish firms." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-324798.

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This thesis investigates the short and long-term effects of pay dispersion on firm performance in publicly listed Swedish firms. Pay dispersion refers to the difference in compensation between or within organizational levels. There are two contradicting theoretical views of pay dispersions effect on firm performance. While tournament theory suggests that high pay dispersion increase employees’ incentives to exert higher effort, thus increasing firm performance, fairness approaches predicts that high pay dispersion creates feelings of unfairness, thus negatively affecting firm performance. Based on these theories and previous research, Hypothesis 1 predicts a positive short-term effect of pay dispersion on firm performance, and Hypothesis 2 predicts a negative long-term effect of pay dispersion on firm performance. Using a first differences fixed-effects regression including controls for firm characteristics and corporate governance indicators, three measures of pay dispersion are tested on two proxies for firm performance (price to book and return on assets). We conclude after extensive robustness tests that pay dispersion has no effect on firm performance, neither on short nor on long-term. Therefore, both hypotheses are rejected.

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Lilienfeld-Toal, Ulf von [Verfasser]. "Boundaries of the Firm : Contract-Theoretic Approaches / Ulf von Lilienfeld-Toal." Aachen : Shaker, 2003. http://d-nb.info/1181600898/34.

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Fagan, Elise. "Evidence-based design: structured approaches in leading landscape architecture practice." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/34626.

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Master of Landscape Architecture
Department of Landscape Architecture/Regional and Community Planning
Jessica Canfield
Landscape architecture is embarking on a new design frontier, one where its practitioners are increasingly being asked by clients to design using credible evidence and to ensure design performance. As design disciplines follow in the footsteps of other evidence-based practices, like medicine and engineering, landscape architecture is poised to become a more scholarly profession – a profession of evidence-based landscape architecture. Evidence-based landscape architecture was first coined and defined in 2011 by Brown and Corry as “the deliberate and explicit use of scholarly evidence in making decisions about the use and shaping of land” (Brown and Corry 2011, 328). Current literature explains the benefits of practicing evidence-based design (EBD). These include ensuring design performance, justifying client investment, quantifying the value of design, systematically managing complex projects, marketing the firm to clients, attracting the most innovative designers to the firm, and adding to the knowledge base of the landscape architecture field. However, little is known about how landscape architecture firms are engaging evidence-based design in daily practice. This thesis examines how four leading landscape architecture firms (Design Workshop, Mithun, Sasaki Associates, and OLIN) have developed unique EBD approaches to integrate, apply, and propagate evidence-based design in professional practice. In order to study and analyze the four firms’ EBD approaches, individual comprehensive case studies were conducted. Qualitative data was collected through: focused interviews with directors and leaders of evidence-based design at each firm; casual observations made during office visits; and, a review of firm literature. A case study framework for EBD approaches in professional practice was developed based on discussion topics that consistently emerged from the interviews. The framework was used to organize, analyze, and present the findings into four major themes. A cross-case analysis was conducted to compare the development, implementation, and effects of EBD approaches at each firm. Findings reveal that each firm has developed an EBD approach to meet the need for engaging complex problems and meeting increasing client expectations for performance. While each firm’s EBD approach is unique, similarities and characteristics emerged between the case studies. The most consistent factors identified across cases include: having academic founders of the firm; the implementation of EBD- or research-specific roles and responsibilities; the creation of tools to organize and understand data; cultivating design cultures to support the EBD approach vision; the communication and transparency of relationships with clients and consultants; and, the reporting of findings for the advancement of the profession. Although any landscape architecture firm is likely to employ at least one of these concepts, the developed integration, application, and propagation of a majority of these concepts is what makes these firms unique and successful in applying EBD in professional practice. It was also found that the design processes themselves vary dramatically across the firms. EBD in practice is therefore not prescriptive and does not always look the same. The findings and case study framework developed in the study are useful primarily for landscape architecture firms looking to develop, integrate, apply, and propagate their own EBD approach.

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Piesse, Jenifer. "Firm level approaches to the measurement of production efficiency, technical change and total factor productivity in transition economies." Thesis, Birkbeck (University of London), 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.285834.

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Stikeleather, James A. "Toward a Systemic Model for Governance and Strategic Management: Evaluating Stakeholder Theory Versus Shareholder Theory Approaches." Scholar Commons, 2017. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7092.

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The research’s intent is improvement in governance and strategic management initially by comparing Shareholder Theory and Stakeholder Theory and making results useful for both Practitioner and Academic audiences. A conceptual model for how a society establishes and evolves the roles it legitimizes for a business to support reasoning about those roles and the process originating the expectations, responsibilities, obligations, contributions and freedom to act in the roles is proposed. Understanding this process would enable better governance and strategic management of a firm while avoiding unintended consequences when fulfilling the role and consequences for failing the role. The model becomes a basis for comparing Shareholder and Stakeholder Theories. Context for the model comes from practitioner narratives around changes occurring in business and their themes around the relationship of a business with its ecosystem. To incorporate both the societal and business relationship components, the model building process was based upon concepts and ideas from General Systems, Economics, Sociology, Neuroscience, Philosophy, Evolution, Complexity and Complex Adaptive Systems, Semiotics, as well as Business. This was an iterative abductive, inductive, deductive process with each iteration compared to relevant theory, integrated across the subject domains, then tested against other academic research on the issue, evidence of the model in practice, and a culturomics study across social and industry literature. These results are exploratory, descriptive, directional, and suggestive for future research opportunities. Problems with Stakeholder Theory are identified but potentially addressed with the conceptual model, in turn suggesting a systemic approach to governance and strategic management. It was determined that Shareholder Theory results in many unintended consequences detrimental to society and the firm. The conceptual model provides points of intervention in the process and suggests potential tooling for governance and strategic management. A side effect of the research was a perspective on the practitioner / academic divide as the research grappled with the “wicked problem” nature and transdisciplinary nature of process being described. By introducing systems and complexity paradigms in the model, potential ways to address the divide are suggested, such as 3 level analysis (micro, meso, macro).

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Church, Allen Dale. "Systematic Approaches to Motivating Fire Service Employees." Thesis, Grand Canyon University, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3563140.

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Firefighters are known for putting their own lives on the line in order to protect others' lives and property. The events of September 11^th, 2001, pointed this out to the entire nation. The fact that firefighters are willing to run into burning buildings while others are trying to get out, or face situations that others find horrific, points to the fact that these individuals are motivated to serve and put service above self. However, even firefighters deal with issues of chronic stress and burnout. Considering the critical role firefighters play in society, it is important to delineate what motivates them to persevere in their chosen field. Firefighters across the country may be either volunteers, typically in smaller rural settings, or paid professionals in urbanized communities. This dissertation provided research into intrinsic and extrinsic motivation relative to professional firefighters in a union environment. Through quantitative research involving a nonexperimental design with a validated and reliable survey instrument, fire chiefs and union represented firefighters were queried as to the degree that firefighters were intrinsically or extrinsically motivated. The results showed that firefighters were, for the most part, motivated through intrinsic means. However, the collected data also demonstrated that extrinsic motivation through forms of recognition is also desired by firefighters. The overall result of this research provides options for fire service leaders to consider in maintaining a highly motivated cadre of firefighters, and thus reducing the potential for chronic stress and burnout to occur.

Keywords: Firefighters, intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation

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Blanco, Arroyo Omar. "Business Cycle Fluctuations and Granular Behavior: an Empirical Analysis vs. the Agent-Based Approach." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Jaume I, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.6035/14102.2022.369361.

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This thesis aims to quantify the granular size of an economy, i.e., the number of granular firms. Empirically, we find that the contribution of idiosyncratic shocks to gross domestic product (GDP) fluctuations is attributed to a very small number of large firms. From a certain number of firms onwards the additional contribution plateaus. Theoretically, we find that this behavior can be explained by the share of economic activity commanded by the largest firm, the volatility of the largest firm with respect to GDP volatility and two summary statistics for large firm dynamics: the tail index of firm size distribution and the size-volatility elasticity. Finally, we use an agent-based model to study in detail how this behavior emerges.
Programa de Doctorat en Economia i Empresa

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Mackay, Jem. "www.swarmtv.net : non-hierarchy through open source approaches to distributed filmmaking." Thesis, University of the Arts London, 2015. http://ualresearchonline.arts.ac.uk/8756/.

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An increasing number of filmmaking projects borrow approaches from open source programming methodologies in the practical process of film production. The potential benefits of open filmmaking include fast development times, customizable storytelling, less-biased reportage and a rich learning environment for future filmmakers, among others. There has been very little academic study about the challenges of this approach and the opportunities it affords for distributed filmmaking. This thesis explores the possibility of incorporating open source programming methodologies into the practice of distributed filmmaking. It develops a number of emergent policies and procedures that relate to this practice, and tests them out using an interactive website called “Swarm TV”. This online environment acts as a prototype for these policies and procedures, as well as functioning as a probe, testing their effectiveness in the filmmaking projects. Data is collected from the website and has been used from a number of projects over the last nine years, to reflect on how these emergent policies and procedures affect the dynamics of a filmmaking community. From the context of open source programming, the digital revolution has emphasized three main characteristics that are significant in open source methodologies: Openness, Non-hierarchy & Collaboration. These concepts are explored in this thesis to define guidelines for distributed filmmaking projects where open source methodologies are implemented. Analysis of the effectiveness of these policies and procedures is provided for filmmaking projects using Swarm TV, and conclusions are developed focused on the effectiveness of open source approaches to filmmaking projects in distributed communities. The practical research in this thesis demonstrates the extent to which open source methodologies are effective for the filmmaking process, and also, identifies the emergent policies and procedures that might facilitate distributed filmmaking in an online environment.

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Ralph, Sarah. "'Watching with mother' : how film stars are utilized in mother-daughter relations." Thesis, Aberystwyth University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2160/ab08f6c8-5961-44ce-b454-14cb40fdce49.

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This research presents the processes and findings of an interdisciplinary study of mothers’ and daughters’ shared relations to film stars. Principally grounded within the cultural studies tradition of investigating the role of media in everyday life, the research explores the intergenerational transmission of film star tastes and preferences between mothers and daughters, building upon existing literature from the fields of star studies, family sociology, memory studies and audience research. It also takes a new perspective on the study of audiences for stars from the work of art anthropologist Alfred Gell, who posited the notion that the study of art should concern its ‘practical mediatory role’ within social interactions. The research was conducted by means of an empirical audience study of paired mother-daughter dyads of varying ages, class backgrounds and social circumstances, and was carried out in two phases: a preliminary online survey which recruited 92 mother-daughter pairs; and 16 follow-up telephone interviews with selected mothers and daughters. The first phase utilized quali-quantitative methods of analysis to explore various models of mother-daughter-star relations, while the second phase used a combined analytical approach that coupled an Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis approach with elements of memory studies to further investigate those identified dyadic models. An overarching finding of the thesis is that film stars perform varying, but also evolving, functions within mother-daughter relationships depending upon the socio-demographic make-up of the dyad. Other more specific findings include: that class identifications are a key determinant in mother-daughter shared gender preferences in regard of admired stars, and that in mother-daughter relationships where there is a greater distance in their age gap, mothers specifically carve out shared times between the pair, using film stars as a common resource which provides a communicative coinage within their relations.

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Books on the topic "Approaches of firm"

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The economics of business enterprise: New approaches to the firm. Brighton, Sussex: Wheatsheaf Books, 1987.

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Jack, Kaufman, ed. The successful law firm: New approaches to structure and management. 2nd ed. Clifton, NJ: Prentice Hall Law & Business, 1988.

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Kenneth, Frampton, Held Thomas, and Zeugin Ulrike Gölker, eds. Swiss housing projects by Felix Partner: Interdisziplinäre Ansätze in der Architektur = interdisciplinary approaches to architecture. Sulgen: Niggli, 2012.

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Markusen, James R. General-equilibrium approaches to the multinational firm: A review of theory and evidence. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2001.

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Dempsey, Carl. Internal marketing: A comparasion of the approaches, implementations, and successes of internalmarketing between high and low quality service providers. Dublin: University College Dublin, 1995.

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Research Group on the Theory of the Firm. Seminar. Research approaches on business enterprises: Proceedings of the second summer seminar of the Group on the Theory of the Firm, 6-7 June 1985, Espoo, Finland. [Helsinki]: Helsinki School of Economics, 1985.

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Shout, John David. New approaches to "Irish" film. Ft. Lauderdale, FL: Dept. of Liberal Studies, Nova Southeastern University, 1997.

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Film trilogies: New critical approaches. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan, 2012.

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Ritterbusch, Rachel. Practical Approaches to Teaching Film. Newcastle, UK: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2009.

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Shout, John D. New approaches to "Irish" film. Fort Lauderdale: Nova University, 1997.

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Book chapters on the topic "Approaches of firm"

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Mäntysaari, Petri. "Theory of Commercial Law: Past Approaches." In Organising the Firm, 15–37. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-22197-2_3.

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Mäntysaari, Petri. "Theories of Corporate Law and Corporations: Past Approaches." In Organising the Firm, 57–74. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-22197-2_5.

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Mäntysaari, Petri. "Legal and Economic Theories of Corporate Governance: Past Approaches." In Organising the Firm, 75–99. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-22197-2_6.

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van der Wijst, Nico. "Firm Finance and Growth: An Empirical Analysis." In New Operational Approaches for Financial Modelling, 209–20. Heidelberg: Physica-Verlag HD, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59270-6_15.

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Bargagli-Stoffi, Falco J., Jan Niederreiter, and Massimo Riccaboni. "Supervised Learning for the Prediction of Firm Dynamics." In Data Science for Economics and Finance, 19–41. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66891-4_2.

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AbstractThanks to the increasing availability of granular, yet high-dimensional, firm level data, machine learning (ML) algorithms have been successfully applied to address multiple research questions related to firm dynamics. Especially supervised learning (SL), the branch of ML dealing with the prediction of labelled outcomes, has been used to better predict firms’ performance. In this chapter, we will illustrate a series of SL approaches to be used for prediction tasks, relevant at different stages of the company life cycle. The stages we will focus on are (1) startup and innovation, (2) growth and performance of companies, and (3) firms’ exit from the market. First, we review SL implementations to predict successful startups and R&D projects. Next, we describe how SL tools can be used to analyze company growth and performance. Finally, we review SL applications to better forecast financial distress and company failure. In the concluding section, we extend the discussion of SL methods in the light of targeted policies, result interpretability, and causality.

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van Oort, Frank G., Martijn J. Burger, Joris Knoben, and Otto Raspe. "Multilevel Approaches and the Firm-Agglomeration Ambiguity in Economic Growth Studies." In Innovation, Entrepreneurship, Geography and Growth, 105–29. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118427248.ch6.

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Aishwarya, M., Rajesh Gopinath, L. R. Phanindra, K. Clarina, Rashmi R. Kagawad, and S. G. Ananya. "Reduction of Significant Aspects and Enhancement of Non-Significant Aspects for Hazardous Wastes in a Medical Electronics Manufacturing Firm." In Integrated Approaches Towards Solid Waste Management, 203–13. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-70463-6_19.

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Narayan, Aishwarya, B. R. Nandha, and Sumukh Hungund. "Open Innovation Approaches, Adoption and Its Effect on Firm Performance: An Evidence from Indian Biotechnological Firms." In In Search of Business Models in Social Entrepreneurship, 253–74. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0390-7_12.

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Deszczyński, Bartosz. "Developing the Relationship Management Upper Mid-Range Theory." In Firm Competitive Advantage Through Relationship Management, 159–216. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67338-3_5.

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AbstractThis chapter presents the final proposal of the RM maturity model and proposes a robust framework for the upper RM mid-range theory. The first section synthesizes and explains the mutual connections of distinct RM activities and approaches of an RM-mature firm. A quick test for RM maturity is proposed. The second section introduces the notion of an RM niche, which is needed to explain why moderate proficiency in RM yields no significant advantages and why the relationship between what a company does in terms of RM and achieving a sustainable competitive advantage is highly curvilinear. The universal factors that determine the size of an RM niche and thus the size and scope of RM-mature firms are proposed and discussed. The third section provides eight examples of companies illustrating different facets of RM ‘in motion’ and serves as supplementary qualitative material to study the diverse challenges in managing relationships.

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Deszczyński, Bartosz. "Validating the Relationship Management Maturity Concept." In Firm Competitive Advantage Through Relationship Management, 121–58. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67338-3_4.

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AbstractThis chapter operationalizes and tests the preliminary proposal of the RM maturity model in field research. The first section discusses the design of the 40-question questionnaire, which aims to verify the links between RM maturity and sustainable competitive advantage. Different classes of research biases are addressed on a semantic level, and a scoring method based on the Net Promoter Score methodology is introduced. The second section presents the analytical strategy and the design of the empirical test, encompassing the self-reporting of business respondents and machine learning analytical techniques. The product of this analysis is a set of association rules, which separate a ‘basket’ of 10 critical RM activities and approaches linked by 16 rules, typically in a reciprocal way. The third section comments on the detailed empirical results on RM maturity and sustainable competitive advantage, which are found to be much in line with business ethics. The hallmark of an ethical RM-mature firm is open internal vertical and horizontal communication, which enables the company to be a meaningful partner in the relationships with its customers and other stakeholders.

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Conference papers on the topic "Approaches of firm"

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Ryu, Young U. "Firm Failure Timeline Prediction: Math Programming Approaches." In 2016 49th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/hicss.2016.149.

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Katsarski, Nikolay. "HIGHER EDUCATION IN THE FIELD OF REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT –E-LEARNING AND TRAINING FIRM APPROACHES." In 7th International Scientific Conference GEOBALCANICA 2021. Geobalcanica Society, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18509/gbp210557k.

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Alklychev, Alklych M., and Kobiljon Kh Zoidov. "INTER-FIRM COOPERATION AS A TOOL FOR MODERNIZATION OF ECONOMIC SYSTEMS." In Russia in XXI century: global challenges and prospects of development. Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science Market Economy Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences (MEI RAS), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.33051/978-5-6041040-8-8-2019-121-126.

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The article discusses the theoretical foundations and prerequisites for the development of inter-firm cooperation and various approaches and theories that contribute to the growth of research in this field. The analysis of innovation clusters as a modern form of structural formations of the economy based on inter-firm cooperation and aimed at increasing the competitive advantages of countries is given. The author shows the difference between traditional industrial clusters and innovative ones, exploring their specifics and features of functioning aimed at strengthening the modernization component.

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Frykfors, Carl-Otto. "From Firm Network to a Sector-System of Production and Innovation: A Case Study of Innovation Policy Initiative." In 18th Annual High Technology Small Firms Conference, HTSF 2010. University of Twente, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3990/2.268475509.

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This paper examines innovation policy making during the transition of innovative ideas into mature industries within building/construction and mineral extraction/mining industries. The main focus is how interaction occurs between major stakeholders and intermediating actors and how industrial change processes are orchestrated. A case study approach examines the rather complex processes occurring within industrial sector development. Two main success criteria were observed: (1) continuity in initial vision and leadership and (2) a clear intention to achieve strategic interplay and knowledge fusion between heterogonous industrial sectors. Currently, this has been achieved in a classic way using R&D and technology development approaches combined with explorative market development to co-ordinate and allow knowledge fusion between the sectors. The transition process is illustrated in four phases: (1) idea and start-up, (2) formation of a technical R&D programme and networking, (3) consolidation of actor networks and formation of an embryological innovation system, and (4) development of a more sector-based production and innovation system.

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Davey, Todd, Thorsten Kliewe, Peter van der Sijde, and Matt McIntyre. "Continuous high technology bursiness incubation." In 16th Annual High Technology Small Firms Conference, HTSF 2008. University of Twente, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3990/2.268488823.

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This paper addresses the question of how organisations can foster high technology businesses in an incubation-type environment. We compare the approaches taken by a large private firm with a successful University entrepreneurial program to outline successful elements in creating a successful high tech business incubation environment. By outlining similarities and differences of the two cases, this paper provides practical insights how to foster high technology businesses.

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Roersen, M. J., A. J. Groen, and J. Kraaijenbrink. "A multidimensional decision-making model for internationalization of high-tech SMEs in transition economics." In 16th Annual High Technology Small Firms Conference, HTSF 2008. University of Twente, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3990/2.268580753.

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Until now, international entrepreneurship has mainly used stage theory, institutional theory, transaction cost economics and the resource-based view to explain or describe the internationalization of SMEs in transition economy context. Following recent literature we contend that these approaches are highlighting interesting elements of decision processes for internationalization, but are not yet enough managerial applicable because of the unidimensionality of these theories. We provide a model in four steps which enables multidimensional analyses of internationalization processes. In this the strengths and weaknesses in the strategic, economic, cultural and social network capital of the focal firm are assessed. Shortcomings in these capitals can be complemented by their partners to increase chances of successful internationalization. This article is a deductive study on three innovative Russian high-tech SMEs. The first case illustrates a clear fit with a potential partner, the second case describes a poor fit and in the third case the firm would not benefit from internationalization.

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Case, Sarah S., and Kate S. Whitefoot. "Global Product Design Platforming: A Comparison of Two Methods to Find Equilibrium Solutions." In ASME 2020 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2020-22658.

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Abstract We examine optimal-profit product design platforming problems for products sold across multiple markets. Firms have an incentive to platform to take advantage of cost reductions that are possible with increased production quantity, such as learning-by-doing. However, platforming may decrease sales compared to if the designs were customized for each market. The problem can be represented as a Nash equilibrium between multiple competing firms, each with a nonconvex mixed-integer nonlinear programing (MINLP) problem for maximizing their individual profits. We derive the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) conditions for the problem and compare results from two algorithmic approaches: (1) an iterative MINLP approach that uses the BARON algorithm to solve each firm’s design and platforming problem and iterates until convergence to an equilibrium, and (2) an approach that solves the KKT conditions directly holding platforming decisions fixed, and compares profits for these platforming decisions to find an equilibrium. Results are presented for a case study of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) where firms choose whether or not to platform the battery pack across the U.S. and China, and set the optimal battery capacity. We vary the learning rate and the difference in consumer willingness to pay for all-electric range between China and the U.S. Both algorithms agree on the same equilibrium solution in 98.4% of the cases. Results show that the optimum for each firm is to platform when learning rates are low, or the difference between optimal battery capacity in each market is relatively small.

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Niu, Linwei, and Yuanchang Xie. "DVS Scheduling for Reducing Both Dynamic and Leakage Energy for (M,K)-Firm Real-Time Systems." In ASME 2011 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2011-48981.

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While the dynamic voltage scaling (DVS) techniques are efficient in reducing the dynamic energy consumption for the processor, varying voltage alone becomes less effective for the overall power reduction as the leakage power is growing rapidly, i.e., five times per technical generation as predicted. On the other hand, Quality of Service (QoS) is also a primary concern in the development of today’s pervasive computing systems. In this paper, we study the problem of minimizing the overall energy consumption for soft real-time systems while ensuring the QoS-guarantee. In our research, the QoS requirements are deterministically quantified with the (m,k)-constraints, which require that at least m out of any k consecutive jobs of a task meet their deadlines. Two approaches are proposed in this paper. One statically determines the mandatory jobs that have to meet their deadlines in order to satisfy the (m,k)-constraints, and the other one does so dynamically. Moreover, we present efficient scheduling techniques to reduce the overall energy by procrastinating the execution of mandatory jobs and thus to merge the idle intervals. The simulation results demonstrate that our proposed techniques significantly outperformed previous research in both overall and idle energy reduction while providing the (m,k)-guarantee.

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Vianello, Giovanna, and Saeema Ahmed. "Investigating Knowledge Transfer Mechanisms for Oil Rigs." In ASME 2009 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2009-86967.

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It is widely recognized, both in industry and academia, that clear strategies in knowledge transfer positively influence the success of a firm. A firm should support the transfer of knowledge by standardizing communication channels within and across departments, based upon personalization, codification or a combination of these two strategies. The characteristics of the business influence the choice of communication channels used for knowledge transfer. This paper presents a case study exploring the transfer of knowledge within and across projects, specifically the transfer of service knowledge in the case of complex machinery. The strategies used for knowledge transfer were analysed and compared with the expected transfer mechanisms, similarities and differences were investigated and are described. A family of four identical rigs for offshore drilling was the selected case. The transfer of experience across the rigs during the commissioning phase of the first and the second rigs of the series was explored through interviews with the operators and the project management team. Differences between the expected knowledge transfer strategy, focused upon the moving of rig personnel and reusing of lessons learnt from one rig to the next, and the actual situation emerged. Various approaches for transferring knowledge were elicited and analysed with regard to the types of knowledge that were transferred and the context in which they were used. This study indicates factors that should be considered whilst designing a knowledge management system to support the systematic reuse of service knowledge.

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Wahid, Bilal, Chenghua Ding, and Richard Weston. "A New Tool to Improve Enterprise Modelling Utilisation and Development." In ASME 2008 9th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2008-59297.

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In recent decades technological innovation has induced very significant change on the way that Manufacturing Enterprises (MEs) operate and compete. In general MEs are very complex entities: designed, managed and changed by people, by deploying people and technological resources in systematic, timely and innovative ways that generate competitive behaviors. Prerequisites to respond such change and deal with complexity are firm understandings of; the processes that are the focus of improvement, and effects of change decisions. However, implementing change and dealing with associated effects can prove difficult when such an understanding is not intrinsic i.e. domains lacking structure and documentation. This paper introduces a new approach to support enterprise decision making using Computer Integrated Manufacturing Open Systems Architecture (CIMOSA) modeling principles and constructs and enhanced stencils created in MS Visio® and MS Visual Basic®. Current approaches offer little benefit above and beyond paper based solutions and merely serve to provide a visual representation of processes. Such models require that the end user have an understanding of the modeling methodology deployed in creating the diagrams, leaving models prone to misinterpretation. From a model developers perspective, current approaches do not provide support for the capture of modeling decisions or background information, implying that robust understandings can not be had by those not directly involved with the modeling efforts. The added functionality exhibited by the newly developed approach offers great extensions over those currently in use, in terms of; efficient model development, increased data and application integration, and enhanced end user interactivity.

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Reports on the topic "Approaches of firm"

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Markusen, James, and Keith Maskus. General-Equilibrium Approaches to the Multinational Firm: A Review of Theory and Evidence. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, June 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w8334.

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Crespi, Gustavo, and Rafael Castillo. Supply-side versus Demand-side Innovation Policies: Exploring the Impacts of Public Procurement of Innovation in Peru. Inter-American Development Bank, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004348.

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This paper exploits new data on the participation of Peruvian firms on public tenders to shed light on the potential for public procurement to encourage innovation. Many industrialized countries have gradually enlarged their innovation policy mix to include demand-side interventions, among them the use of public procurement to stimulate innovation investment at the firm level. Latin America, though, exhibits an unbalanced policy mix with little deployment of policy interventions that tackle the conditions that affect the demand for innovation. Using nonexperimental impact evaluation techniques, this research not only assesses the impacts of participating in public procurement projects on firm-level innovation efforts and outcomes but also compares these impacts with traditional supply-side approaches. The findings suggest that public procurement has a significant impact on innovation outcomes, but the results only hold when public procurement requires the development of new solutions. Regular or noninnovative public procurement does not show any impact on firm-level innovation.

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Katz, Sabrina, Miguel Algarin, and Emanuel Hernandez. Structuring for Exit: New Approaches for Private Capital in Latin America. Inter-American Development Bank, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003074.

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Structured financing solutions encompass a range of investment approaches that provide liquidity to investors without the need for a traditional equity exit event, such as a strategic sale, sale to another financial investor, or public market listing. Structuring mechanisms across the debt-to-equity spectrum determine the exit terms of the deal, therefore providing considerable downside protection to investors. Structured financing solutions are an incipient but increasingly important set of tools for investors active in Latin America to address the financing gap for companies that lack access to bank financing and are not attractive targets for traditional PE and VC players. Many investors employing these strategies are in an experimental phase, reporting new lessons learned with each deal completed. Impact investors have been among the top drivers of these structuring innovations, as they have grappled with the additional limitations associated with the straight equity model for environmental or social enterprises. However, the use of structured financing is by no means restricted to the impact investing space. Fund managers have invested USD4b in private credit deals in Latin America since 2018, more than the previous ten years combined. PE and VC investors have also increasingly employed quasi-equity and debt instruments. ACON Investments, for example, has employed mezzanine structures in several deals from its latest funds. Brazil-focused venture capital firm SP Ventures has recently begun investing from its debut venture debt fund. Growing experimentation by fund managers demonstrates the opportunity for investors across ticket sizes, strategies, and the impact-to-commercial spectrum. The structures discussed and the case studies highlighted in this report contain some of the major lessons applicable to a wide group of private capital investors in Latin America targeting certain and timely exits with consistent returns.

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Alviarez, Vanessa, Javier Cravino, and Natalia Ramondo. Firm-Embedded Productivity and Cross-Country Income Differences. Inter-American Development Bank, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003029.

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We measure the contribution of firm-embedded productivity to cross-country income differences. By firm-embedded productivity we refer to the components of productivity that differ across firms and that can be transferred internationally, such as blueprints, management practices, and intangible capital. Our approach relies on micro-level data on the cross-border operations of multinational enterprises (MNEs). We compare the market shares of the exact same MNE in different countries and document that they are about four times larger in developing than in high-income coun-tries. This finding indicates that MNEs face less competition in less-developed coun-tries, suggesting that firm-embedded productivity in those countries is scarce. We propose and implement a new measure of firm-embedded productivity based on this observation. We find a strong positive correlation between our measure and output per worker across countries. In our sample, differences in firm-embedded productivity account for roughly a third of the cross-country variance in output per worker.

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Kürşat Önder, Yasin, Maria Alejandra Ruiz-Sanchez, Sara Restrepo-Tamayo, and Mauricio Villamizar-Villegas. Government Borrowing and Crowding Out. Banco de la República, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/be.1182.

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We investigate the impact of fiscal expansions on firm investment by exploiting firms that have multiple banking relationships. Further, we conduct a localized RDD approach and compare the lending behavior of banks that barely met and missed the criteria of being a primary dealer, as well as barely winners and losers at government auctions. Our results indicate that a 1 percentage point increase in banks’ bonds-to-assets ratio decreases loans by up to 0.4%, which leads to significant declines in firm investment, profits and wages. Our findings are grounded in a quantitative model with financial and real sectors with which we undertake a welfare analysis and compute the cost of government borrowing on the overall economy.

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Ovcharov, A. V. On criminal law approaches to the assessment of «friendly fire». DOI CODE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/2074-1944-2021-0165.

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The article is devoted to the consideration of the phenomenon of «friendly fire» in modern military conflicts and the development of general criminal-legal approaches to its assessment. The article analyzes the causes of «friendly fire», discusses its types and provides the most famous cases of «fire on their own» in military history. Еhe article contains recommendations for determining the guilt of persons who committed cases of «friendly fire» and compares the phenomenon under consideration with the criminal-legal category of extreme necessity

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Tennant, David. Business Surveys on the Impact of COVID-19 on Jamaican Firms. Inter-American Development Bank, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003251.

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The datasets come from two surveys of Jamaican businesses conducted between May and June 2020. Two sets of self-administered surveys were conducted using Survey Monkey. A very small sample of financial institutions was surveyed to gain perspective on the challenges facing financiers as a result of the pandemic, and their efforts to respond to such challenges. Nine financial institutions completed this survey, and the results were used to complement the information derived from the second and major survey. The second survey targeted non-financial businesses operating in Jamaica. The sample of firms was selected from a list of all registered Jamaican firms, obtained from the Companies Office of Jamaica. A stratified random sample was used based on firm type, region, and sector. Some firms may have also participated in the study through contact made by their respective affiliations, which were approached to endorse the study and encourage their members to engage. A total of 390 firms completed the second survey. A significant degree of representation was achieved across size, type and age of business, sector and location of operation. Good gender representation was also achieved.

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Collington, Rosie, and William Lazonick. Pricing for Medicine Innovation: A Regulatory Approach to Support Drug Development and Patient Access. Institute for New Economic Thinking Working Paper Series, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36687/inetwp176.

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The United States represents the world’s largest market for pharmaceutical drugs. It is also the only advanced economy in the world that does not regulate drug prices. There is no upper threshold for the prices of medicines in the United States. List prices are instead set by manufacturers in negotiation with supply-chain intermediaries, though some federal programs have degrees of discretion in price determinations. In practice, this deregulated system means that drug prices in the United States are generally far higher than in other advanced economies, adversely affecting patient accessibility and system affordability. In this paper, we draw on the “theory of innovative enterprise” to develop a framework that provides both a critique of the existing pricing system in the United States and a foundation for developing a new model of pricing regulation to support safety and effectiveness through drug development as well as accessibility and affordability in the distribution of approved medicines to patients. We introduce a regulatory approach we term “Pricing for Medicine Innovation” (PMI), which departs dramatically from the market-equilibrium assumptions of conventional (neoclassical) economics. The PMI approach recognizes the centrality of collective investments by government agencies and business firms in the productive capabilities that underpin the drug development process. PMI specifies the conditions under which, at the firm level, drug pricing can support both sustained investment in these capabilities and improved patient access. PMI can advance both of these objectives simultaneously by regulating not just the level of corporate profit but also its allocation to reinvestment in the drug development process. PMI suggests that although price caps are likely to improve drug affordability, there remain two potential issues with this pricing approach. Firstly, in an innovation system where a company’s sales revenue is the source of its finance for further drug development, price caps may deprive a firm of the means to invest in innovation. Secondly, even with adequate profits available for investment in innovation, a firm that is run to maximize shareholder value will tend to use those profits to fund distributions to shareholders rather than for investment in drug innovation. We argue that, if implemented properly, PMI could both improve the affordability of medicines and enhance the innovative performance of pharmaceutical companies.

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Swanston, Christopher W., Leslie A. Brandt, Patricia R. Butler-Leopold, Kimberly R. Hall, Maria K. Janowiak, Stephen D. Handler, Kyle Merriam, et al. Adaptation Strategies and Approaches for California Forest Ecosystems. U.S. Department of Agriculture, January 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2020.7204070.ch.

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Forest health has never been a more urgent concern in California. A variety of forest ecosystem types have experienced extraordinary combinations of stressors and disturbances over the past century, which have resulted in significant changes to forest conditions. Current conditions are a product of multiple interacting factors, including fire exclusion, historic logging practices, increased wildland-urban-interface expansion and, more recently, the effects associated with climate change. The intersection of the factors has led to high severity fire, drought linked mortality, and pest infestation and disease in the affected forests. It’s increasingly clear that the expected effects of climate change will further impact California forest ecosystems, potentially compelling and, in some cases, forcing the application of targeted adaptation strategies and approaches in the years and decades to come.

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Fried, Stephie, and David Lagakos. Electricity and Firm Productivity: A General-Equilibrium Approach. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, May 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w27081.

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