Academic literature on the topic 'Apprentissage profonds'
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Journal articles on the topic "Apprentissage profonds"
Chakri, Lekbir, and My Lhassan Riouch. "Apports des TIC dans l'enseignement et l’apprentissage des mathématiques : Scénarisation pédagogique et pratiques de l'enseignement à distance." ITM Web of Conferences 39 (2021): 03012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/itmconf/20213903012.
Full textFillières-Riveau, Gauthier, Jean-Marie Favreau, Vincent Barra, and Guillaume Touya. "Génération de cartes tactiles photoréalistes pour personnes déficientes visuelles par apprentissage profond." Revue Internationale de Géomatique 30, no. 1-2 (January 2020): 105–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/rig.2020.00104.
Full textPouliquen, Geoffroy, and Catherine Oppenheim. "Débruitage par apprentissage profond: impact sur les biomarqueurs quantitatifs des tumeurs cérébrales." Journal of Neuroradiology 49, no. 2 (March 2022): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurad.2022.01.040.
Full textAbadie, Pierre, Pierre Yves Herve, Benjamin Dallaudiere, Philippe Meyer, Lionel Pesquer, Nicolas Poussange, and Alain Silvestre. "Apprentissage profond pour la prise en charge décisionnelle des lésions IRM du genou." Revue de Chirurgie Orthopédique et Traumatologique 105, no. 8 (December 2019): S123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rcot.2019.09.068.
Full textFouquet, Guillaume. "60 ans démunis devant 30 ans !" Gestalt 59, no. 2 (July 7, 2023): 103–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/gest.059.0103.
Full textCaccamo, Emmanuelle, and Fabien Richert. "Les procédés algorithmiques au prisme des approches sémiotiques." Cygne noir, no. 7 (June 1, 2022): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1089327ar.
Full textTremblay, Karine N., Ruth Philion, André C. Moreau, Julie Ruel, Ernesto Morales, Maryse Feliziani, and Laurie-Ann Garneau-Gaudreault. "Bilan des contributions et retombées perçues de l’implantation d’une communauté de pratique auprès d’une équipe-école." Revue hybride de l'éducation 7, no. 1 (June 22, 2023): 184–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1522/rhe.v7i1.1472.
Full textBat-Zeev Shyldkrot, Hava. "Meillet, les juifs et la Bible." Langages N° 233, no. 1 (March 6, 2024): 79–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/lang.233.0079.
Full textBaudouin, Maxime. "Détection d'anévrisme intracrânien par apprentissage profond sur l'irm tof à l'aide d'un u-net régularisé à deux niveaux." Journal of Neuroradiology 50, no. 2 (March 2023): 187–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurad.2023.01.129.
Full textPrakash, Prem, Marc Sebban, Amaury Habrard, Jean-Claude Barthelemy, Frédéric Roche, and Vincent Pichot. "Détection automatique des apnées du sommeil sur l’ECG nocturne par un apprentissage profond en réseau de neurones récurrents (RNN)." Médecine du Sommeil 18, no. 1 (March 2021): 43–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msom.2020.11.077.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Apprentissage profonds"
Franceschi, Jean-Yves. "Apprentissage de représentations et modèles génératifs profonds dans les systèmes dynamiques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022SORUS014.
Full textThe recent rise of deep learning has been motivated by numerous scientific breakthroughs, particularly regarding representation learning and generative modeling. However, most of these achievements have been obtained on image or text data, whose evolution through time remains challenging for existing methods. Given their importance for autonomous systems to adapt in a constantly evolving environment, these challenges have been actively investigated in a growing body of work. In this thesis, we follow this line of work and study several aspects of temporality and dynamical systems in deep unsupervised representation learning and generative modeling. Firstly, we present a general-purpose deep unsupervised representation learning method for time series tackling scalability and adaptivity issues arising in practical applications. We then further study in a second part representation learning for sequences by focusing on structured and stochastic spatiotemporal data: videos and physical phenomena. We show in this context that performant temporal generative prediction models help to uncover meaningful and disentangled representations, and conversely. We highlight to this end the crucial role of differential equations in the modeling and embedding of these natural sequences within sequential generative models. Finally, we more broadly analyze in a third part a popular class of generative models, generative adversarial networks, under the scope of dynamical systems. We study the evolution of the involved neural networks with respect to their training time by describing it with a differential equation, allowing us to gain a novel understanding of this generative model
Bietti, Alberto. "Méthodes à noyaux pour les réseaux convolutionnels profonds." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAM051.
Full textThe increased availability of large amounts of data, from images in social networks, speech waveforms from mobile devices, and large text corpuses, to genomic and medical data, has led to a surge of machine learning techniques. Such methods exploit statistical patterns in these large datasets for making accurate predictions on new data. In recent years, deep learning systems have emerged as a remarkably successful class of machine learning algorithms, which rely on gradient-based methods for training multi-layer models that process data in a hierarchical manner. These methods have been particularly successful in tasks where the data consists of natural signals such as images or audio; this includes visual recognition, object detection or segmentation, and speech recognition.For such tasks, deep learning methods often yield the best known empirical performance; yet, the high dimensionality of the data and large number of parameters of these models make them challenging to understand theoretically. Their success is often attributed in part to their ability to exploit useful structure in natural signals, such as local stationarity or invariance, for instance through choices of network architectures with convolution and pooling operations. However, such properties are still poorly understood from a theoretical standpoint, leading to a growing gap between the theory and practice of machine learning. This thesis is aimed towards bridging this gap, by studying spaces of functions which arise from given network architectures, with a focus on the convolutional case. Our study relies on kernel methods, by considering reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces (RKHSs) associated to certain kernels that are constructed hierarchically based on a given architecture. This allows us to precisely study smoothness, invariance, stability to deformations, and approximation properties of functions in the RKHS. These representation properties are also linked with optimization questions when training deep networks with gradient methods in some over-parameterized regimes where such kernels arise. They also suggest new practical regularization strategies for obtaining better generalization performance on small datasets, and state-of-the-art performance for adversarial robustness on image tasks
Lucas, Thomas. "Modèles génératifs profonds : sur-généralisation et abandon de mode." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALM049.
Full textThis dissertation explores the topic of generative modelling of natural images,which is the task of fitting a data generating distribution.Such models can be used to generate artificial data resembling the true data, or to compress images.Latent variable models, which are at the core of our contributions, seek to capture the main factors of variations of an image into a variable that can be manipulated.In particular we build on two successful latent variable generative models, the generative adversarial network (GAN) and Variational autoencoder (VAE) models.Recently GANs significantly improved the quality of images generated by deep models, obtaining very compelling samples.Unfortunately these models struggle to capture all the modes of the original distribution, ie they do not cover the full variability of the dataset.Conversely, likelihood based models such as VAEs typically cover the full variety of the data well and provide an objective measure of coverage.However these models produce samples of inferior visual quality that are more easily distinguished from real ones.The work presented in this thesis strives for the best of both worlds: to obtain compelling samples while modelling the full support of the distribution.To achieve that, we focus on i) the optimisation problems used and ii) practical model limitations that hinder performance.The first contribution of this manuscript is a deep generative model that encodes global image structure into latent variables, built on the VAE, and autoregressively models low level detail.We propose a training procedure relying on an auxiliary loss function to control what information is captured by the latent variables and what information is left to an autoregressive decoder.Unlike previous approaches to such hybrid models, ours does not need to restrict the capacity of the autoregressive decoder to prevent degenerate models that ignore the latent variables.The second contribution builds on the standard GAN model, which trains a discriminator network to provide feedback to a generative network.The discriminator usually assesses the quality of individual samples, which makes it hard to evaluate the variability of the data.Instead we propose to feed the discriminator with emph{batches} that mix both true and fake samples, and train it to predict the ratio of true samples in the batch.These batches work as approximations of the distribution of generated images and allows the discriminator to approximate distributional statistics.We introduce an architecture that is well suited to solve this problem efficiently,and show experimentally that our approach reduces mode collapse in GANs on two synthetic datasets, and obtains good results on the CIFAR10 and CelebA datasets.The mutual shortcomings of VAEs and GANs can in principle be addressed by training hybrid models that use both types of objective.In our third contribution, we show that usual parametric assumptions made in VAEs induce a conflict between them, leading to lackluster performance of hybrid models.We propose a solution based on deep invertible transformations, that trains a feature space in which usual assumptions can be made without harm.Our approach provides likelihood computations in image space while being able to take advantage of adversarial training.It obtains GAN-like samples that are competitive with fully adversarial models while improving likelihood scores over existing hybrid models at the time of publication, which is a significant advancement
Walker, Emmanuelle Le Ray Anne. "Réflexions sur le développement des concepts chez les jeunes sourds profonds." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2007. http://castore.univ-nantes.fr/castore/GetOAIRef?idDoc=19576.
Full textMedrouk, Indira Lisa. "Réseaux profonds pour la classification des opinions multilingue." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA080081.
Full textIn the era of social networks where everyone can claim to be a contentproducer, the growing interest in research and industry is an indisputablefact for the opinion mining domain.This thesis is mainly addressing a Web inherent characteristic reflectingits globalized and multilingual character.To address the multilingual opinion mining issue, the proposed model isinspired by the process of acquiring simultaneous languages with equal intensityamong young children. The incorporate corpus-based input is raw, usedwithout any pre-processing, translation, annotation nor additional knowledgefeatures. For the machine learning approach, we use two different deep neuralnetworks. The evaluation of the proposed model was executed on corpusescomposed of four different languages, namely French, English, Greek and Arabic,to emphasize the ability of a deep learning model in order to establishthe sentiment polarity of reviews and topics classification in a multilingualenvironment. The various experiments combining corpus size variations forbi and quadrilingual grouping languages, presented to our models withoutadditional modules, have shown that, such as children bilingual competencedevelopment, which is linked to quality and quantity of their immersion in thelinguistic context, the network learns better in a rich and varied environment.As part of the problem of opinion classification, the second part of thethesis presents a comparative study of two models of deep networks : convolutionalnetworks and recurrent networks. Our contribution consists in demonstratingtheir complementarity according to their combinations in a multilingualcontext
Blot, Michaël. "Étude de l'apprentissage et de la généralisation des réseaux profonds en classification d'images." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS412.
Full textArtificial intelligence is experiencing a resurgence in recent years. This is due to the growing ability to collect and store a considerable amount of digitized data. These huge databases allow machine learning algorithms to respond to certain tasks through supervised learning. Among the digitized data, images remain predominant in the modern environment. Huge datasets have been created. moreover, the image classification has allowed the development of previously neglected models, deep neural networks or deep learning. This family of algorithms demonstrates a great facility to learn perfectly datasets, even very large. Their ability to generalize remains largely misunderstood, but the networks of convolutions are today the undisputed state of the art. From a research and application point of view of deep learning, the demands will be more and more demanding, requiring to make an effort to bring the performances of the neuron networks to the maximum of their capacities. This is the purpose of our research, whose contributions are presented in this thesis. We first looked at the issue of training and considered accelerating it through distributed methods. We then studied the architectures in order to improve them without increasing their complexity. Finally, we particularly study the regularization of network training. We studied a regularization criterion based on information theory that we deployed in two different ways
Langlois, Julien. "Vision industrielle et réseaux de neurones profonds : application au dévracage de pièces plastiques industrielles." Thesis, Nantes, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NANT4010/document.
Full textThis work presents a pose estimation method from a RGB image of industrial parts placed in a bin. In a first time, neural networks are used to segment a certain number of parts in the scene. After applying an object mask to the original image, a second network is inferring the local depth of the part. Both the local pixel coordinates of the part and the local depth are used in two networks estimating the orientation of the object as a quaternion and its translation on the Z axis. Finally, a registration module working on the back-projected local depth and the 3D model of the part is refining the pose inferred from the previous networks. To deal with the lack of annotated real images in an industrial context, an data generation process is proposed. By using various light parameters, the dataset versatility allows to anticipate multiple challenging exploitation scenarios within an industrial environment
Ogier, du Terrail Jean. "Réseaux de neurones convolutionnels profonds pour la détection de petits véhicules en imagerie aérienne." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMC276/document.
Full textThe following manuscript is an attempt to tackle the problem of small vehicles detection in vertical aerial imagery through the use of deep learning algorithms. The specificities of the matter allows the use of innovative techniques leveraging the invariance and self similarities of automobiles/planes vehicles seen from the sky.We will start by a thorough study of single shot detectors. Building on that we will examine the effect of adding multiple stages to the detection decision process. Finally we will try to come to grips with the domain adaptation problem in detection through the generation of better looking synthetic data and its use in the training process of these detectors
Lathuiliere, Stéphane. "Modèles profonds de régression et applications à la vision par ordinateur pour l'interaction homme-robot." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAM026/document.
Full textIn order to interact with humans, robots need to perform basic perception taskssuch as face detection, human pose estimation or speech recognition. However, in order have a natural interaction with humans, the robot needs to modelhigh level concepts such as speech turns, focus of attention or interactions between participants in a conversation. In this manuscript, we follow a top-downapproach. On the one hand, we present two high-level methods that model collective human behaviors. We propose a model able to recognize activities thatare performed by different groups of people jointly, such as queueing, talking.Our approach handles the general case where several group activities can occur simultaneously and in sequence. On the other hand, we introduce a novelneural network-based reinforcement learning approach for robot gaze control.Our approach enables a robot to learn and adapt its gaze control strategy inthe context of human-robot interaction. The robot is able to learn to focus itsattention on groups of people from its own audio-visual experiences.Second, we study in detail deep learning approaches for regression prob-lems. Regression problems are crucial in the context of human-robot interaction in order to obtain reliable information about head and body poses or theage of the persons facing the robot. Consequently, these contributions are really general and can be applied in many different contexts. First, we proposeto couple a Gaussian mixture of linear inverse regressions with a convolutionalneural network. Second, we introduce a Gaussian-uniform mixture model inorder to make the training algorithm more robust to noisy annotations. Finally,we perform a large-scale study to measure the impact of several architecturechoices and extract practical recommendations when using deep learning approaches in regression tasks. For each of these contributions, a strong experimental validation has been performed with real-time experiments on the NAOrobot or on large and diverse data-sets
Carbajal, Guillaume. "Apprentissage profond bout-en-bout pour le rehaussement de la parole." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LORR0017.
Full textThis PhD falls within the development of hands-free telecommunication systems, more specifically smart speakers in domestic environments. The user interacts with another speaker at a far-end point and can be typically a few meters away from this kind of system. The microphones are likely to capture sounds of the environment which are added to the user's voice, such background noise, acoustic echo and reverberation. These types of distortion degrade speech quality, intelligibility and listening comfort for the far-end speaker, and must be reduced. Filtering methods can reduce individually each of these types of distortion. Reducing all of them implies combining the corresponding filtering methods. As these methods interact with each other which can deteriorate the user's speech, they must be jointly optimized. First of all, we introduce an acoustic echo reduction approach which combines an echo cancellation filter with a residual echo postfilter designed to adapt to the echo cancellation filter. To do so, we propose to estimate the postfilter coefficients using the short term spectra of multiple known signals, including the output of the echo cancellation filter, as inputs to a neural network. We show that this approach improves the performance and the robustness of the postfilter in terms of echo reduction, while limiting speech degradation, on several scenarios in real conditions. Secondly, we describe a joint approach for multichannel reduction of echo, reverberation and noise. We propose to simultaneously model the target speech and undesired residual signals after echo cancellation and dereveberation in a probabilistic framework, and to jointly represent their short-term spectra by means of a recurrent neural network. We develop a block-coordinate ascent algorithm to update the echo cancellation and dereverberation filters, as well as the postfilter that reduces the undesired residual signals. We evaluate our approach on real recordings in different conditions. We show that it improves speech quality and reduction of echo, reverberation and noise compared to a cascade of individual filtering methods and another joint reduction approach. Finally, we present an online version of our approach which is suitable for time-varying acoustic conditions. We evaluate the perceptual quality achieved on real examples where the user moves during the conversation
Books on the topic "Apprentissage profonds"
Patenaude, Jean-Victor. Les maladies thrombo-emboliques veineuses: Module d'auto-apprentissage : les thrombophlébites superficielles et profondes, les embolies pulmonaires. 2nd ed. Montréal: Presses de l'Université de Montréal, 1998.
Find full textM, Senge Peter, and Society for Organizational Learning, eds. Presence: Exploring profound change in people, organizations, and society. New York: Doubleday, 2005.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Apprentissage profonds"
COGRANNE, Rémi, Marc CHAUMONT, and Patrick BAS. "Stéganalyse : détection d’information cachée dans des contenus multimédias." In Sécurité multimédia 1, 261–303. ISTE Group, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51926/iste.9026.ch8.
Full textFLEURY SOARES, Gustavo, and Induraj PUDHUPATTU RAMAMURTHY. "Comparaison de modèles d’apprentissage automatique et d’apprentissage profond." In Optimisation et apprentissage, 153–71. ISTE Group, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.51926/iste.9071.ch6.
Full textJACQUEMONT, Mikaël, Thomas VUILLAUME, Alexandre BENOIT, Gilles MAURIN, and Patrick LAMBERT. "Analyse d’images Cherenkov monotélescope par apprentissage profond." In Inversion et assimilation de données de télédétection, 303–35. ISTE Group, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.51926/iste.9142.ch9.
Full textTKACHENKO, Iuliia, Alain TREMEAU, and Thierry FOURNEL. "Protection de documents par impression d’éléments anticopies." In Sécurité multimédia 2, 41–69. ISTE Group, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51926/iste.9027.ch2.
Full textATIEH, Mirna, Omar MOHAMMAD, Ali SABRA, and Nehme RMAYTI. "IdO, apprentissage profond et cybersécurité dans la maison connectée : une étude." In Cybersécurité des maisons intelligentes, 215–56. ISTE Group, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.51926/iste.9086.ch6.
Full textKoishi, Atsuko. "Comment dépasser le «monolinguisme» au Japon ?" In Le Japon, acteur de la Francophonie, 49–58. Editions des archives contemporaines, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.17184/eac.5526.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Apprentissage profonds"
Fourcade, A. "Apprentissage profond : un troisième oeil pour les praticiens." In 66ème Congrès de la SFCO. Les Ulis, France: EDP Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/sfco/20206601014.
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