Academic literature on the topic 'Apprentissage des représentations démêlées'
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Journal articles on the topic "Apprentissage des représentations démêlées"
Narcy, Jean-Paul. "Représentations, apprentissage et supports multimédias." Recherche et pratiques pédagogiques en langues de spécialité - Cahiers de l'APLIUT 17, no. 3 (1998): 14–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/apliu.1998.1154.
Full textLieury, Alain, Catherine Clinet, Marc Gimonet, and Muriel Lefebre. "Représentations imagées et apprentissage d'un vocabulaire étranger." Bulletin de psychologie 41, no. 386 (1988): 701–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/bupsy.1988.12928.
Full textMilovanovic, Julie, Daniel Siret, Guillaume Moreau, and Francis Miguet. "Écosystème de représentations et apprentissage de la conception." SHS Web of Conferences 47 (2018): 01003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20184701003.
Full textSánchez Abchi, Verónica, and Amelia Lambelet. "Enseignement/apprentissage des langues et cultures d’origine: changements, synergies et représentations." Babylonia Journal of Language Education 1 (April 25, 2023): 8–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.55393/babylonia.v1i.277.
Full textAuger, Nathalie. "L’enseignement-apprentissage de la langue française en France. Dé-complexifier la question." Diversité 151, no. 1 (2007): 121–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/diver.2007.2835.
Full textNarcy-Combes, Marie-Françoise. "Conflits de représentations et adaptation des dispositifs d’enseignement/apprentissage." Recherche et pratiques pédagogiques en langues de spécialité - Cahiers de l APLIUT, Vol. XXVII N° 1 (February 15, 2008): 32–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/apliut.1525.
Full textLopes Jaguaribe Pontes, Renata, and Thierry Karsenti. "AS REPRESENTAÇÕES SOCIAIS DOS PROFESSORES FUTUROS DO QUÉBEC SOBRE O PAPEL DA APRENDIZAGEM MÓVEL COMO ALUNOS." Educação & Formação 4, no. 11 mai/ago (May 1, 2019): 24–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.25053/redufor.v4i11.1179.
Full textTielemans, Leyla. "Les représentations linguistiques comme outils du professeur et du didacticien : le cas des étudiants de langues de l’Université Libre de Bruxelles." Travaux de linguistique 86, no. 1 (November 8, 2023): 33–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/tl.086.0033.
Full textBautier-Castaing, Élisabeth. "Enfants de migrants, langue(s) et apprentissage(s)." Migrants formation 83, no. 1 (1990): 65–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/diver.1990.6017.
Full textPuren, Christian. "Représentations de l'enseignement/ apprentissage de la grammaire en didactique des langues." Éla. Études de linguistique appliquée 122, no. 2 (2001): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/ela.122.0135.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Apprentissage des représentations démêlées"
Sanchez, Eduardo Hugo. "Learning disentangled representations of satellite image time series in a weakly supervised manner." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021TOU30032.
Full textThis work focuses on learning data representations of satellite image time series via an unsupervised learning approach. The main goal is to enforce the data representation to capture the relevant information from the time series to perform other applications of satellite imagery. However, extracting information from satellite data involves many challenges since models need to deal with massive amounts of images provided by Earth observation satellites. Additionally, it is impossible for human operators to label such amount of images manually for each individual task (e.g. classification, segmentation, change detection, etc.). Therefore, we cannot use the supervised learning framework which achieves state-of-the-art results in many tasks.To address this problem, unsupervised learning algorithms have been proposed to learn the data structure instead of performing a specific task. Unsupervised learning is a powerful approach since no labels are required during training and the knowledge acquired can be transferred to other tasks enabling faster learning with few labels.In this work, we investigate the problem of learning disentangled representations of satellite image time series where a shared representation captures the spatial information across the images of the time series and an exclusive representation captures the temporal information which is specific to each image. We present the benefits of disentangling the spatio-temporal information of time series, e.g. the spatial information is useful to perform time-invariant image classification or segmentation while the knowledge about the temporal information is useful for change detection. To accomplish this, we analyze some of the most prevalent unsupervised learning models such as the variational autoencoder (VAE) and the generative adversarial networks (GANs) as well as the extensions of these models to perform representation disentanglement. Encouraged by the successful results achieved by generative and reconstructive models, we propose a novel framework to learn spatio-temporal representations of satellite data. We prove that the learned disentangled representations can be used to perform several computer vision tasks such as classification, segmentation, information retrieval and change detection outperforming other state-of-the-art models. Nevertheless, our experiments suggest that generative and reconstructive models present some drawbacks related to the dimensionality of the data representation, architecture complexity and the lack of disentanglement guarantees. In order to overcome these limitations, we explore a recent method based on mutual information estimation and maximization for representation learning without relying on image reconstruction or image generation. We propose a new model that extends the mutual information maximization principle to disentangle the representation domain into two parts. In addition to the experiments performed on satellite data, we show that our model is able to deal with different kinds of datasets outperforming the state-of-the-art methods based on GANs and VAEs. Furthermore, we show that our mutual information based model is less computationally demanding yet more effective. Finally, we show that our model is useful to create a data representation that only captures the class information between two images belonging to the same category. Disentangling the class or category of an image from other factors of variation provides a powerful tool to compute the similarity between pixels and perform image segmentation in a weakly-supervised manner
Mensch, Arthur. "Apprentissage de représentations en imagerie fonctionnelle." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS300/document.
Full textThanks to the advent of functional brain-imaging technologies, cognitive neuroscience is accumulating maps of neural activity responses to specific tasks or stimuli, or of spontaneous activity. In this work, we consider data from functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI), that we study in a machine learning setting: we learn a model of brain activity that should generalize on unseen data. After reviewing the standard fMRI data analysis techniques, we propose new methods and models to benefit from the recently released large fMRI data repositories. Our goal is to learn richer representations of brain activity. We first focus on unsupervised analysis of terabyte-scale fMRI data acquired on subjects at rest (resting-state fMRI). We perform this analysis using matrix factorization. We present new methods for running sparse matrix factorization/dictionary learning on hundreds of fMRI records in reasonable time. Our leading approach relies on introducing randomness in stochastic optimization loops and provides speed-up of an order of magnitude on a variety of settings and datasets. We provide an extended empirical validation of our stochastic subsampling approach, for datasets from fMRI, hyperspectral imaging and collaborative filtering. We derive convergence properties for our algorithm, in a theoretical analysis that reaches beyond the matrix factorization problem. We then turn to work with fMRI data acquired on subject undergoing behavioral protocols (task fMRI). We investigate how to aggregate data from many source studies, acquired with many different protocols, in order to learn more accurate and interpretable decoding models, that predicts stimuli or tasks from brain maps. Our multi-study shared-layer model learns to reduce the dimensionality of input brain images, simultaneously to learning to decode these images from their reduced representation. This fosters transfer learning in between studies, as we learn the undocumented cognitive common aspects that the many fMRI studies share. As a consequence, our multi-study model performs better than single-study decoding. Our approach identifies universally relevant representation of brain activity, supported by a few task-optimized networks learned during model fitting. Finally, on a related topic, we show how to use dynamic programming within end-to-end trained deep networks, with applications in natural language processing
Moradi, Fard Maziar. "Apprentissage de représentations de données dans un apprentissage non-supervisé." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALM053.
Full textDue to the great impact of deep learning on variety fields of machine learning, recently their abilities to improve clustering approaches have been investi- gated. At first, deep learning approaches (mostly Autoencoders) have been used to reduce the dimensionality of the original space and to remove possible noises (also to learn new data representations). Such clustering approaches that utilize deep learning approaches are called Deep Clustering. This thesis focuses on developing Deep Clustering models which can be used for different types of data (e.g., images, text). First we propose a Deep k-means (DKM) algorithm where learning data representations (through a deep Autoencoder) and cluster representatives (through the k-means) are performed in a joint way. The results of our DKM approach indicate that this framework is able to outperform similar algorithms in Deep Clustering. Indeed, our proposed framework is able to truly and smoothly backpropagate the loss function error through all learnable variables.Moreover, we propose two frameworks named SD2C and PCD2C which are able to integrate respectively seed words and pairwise constraints into end-to-end Deep Clustering frameworks. In fact, by utilizing such frameworks, the users can observe the reflection of their needs in clustering. Finally, the results obtained from these frameworks indicate their ability to obtain more tailored results
Saxena, Shreyas. "Apprentissage de représentations pour la reconnaissance visuelle." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAM080/document.
Full textIn this dissertation, we propose methods and data driven machine learning solutions which address and benefit from the recent overwhelming growth of digital media content.First, we consider the problem of improving the efficiency of image retrieval. We propose a coordinated local metric learning (CLML) approach which learns local Mahalanobis metrics, and integrates them in a global representation where the l2 distance can be used. This allows for data visualization in a single view, and use of efficient ` 2 -based retrieval methods. Our approach can be interpreted as learning a linear projection on top of an explicit high-dimensional embedding of a kernel. This interpretation allows for the use of existing frameworks for Mahalanobis metric learning for learning local metrics in a coordinated manner. Our experiments show that CLML improves over previous global and local metric learning approaches for the task of face retrieval.Second, we present an approach to leverage the success of CNN models forvisible spectrum face recognition to improve heterogeneous face recognition, e.g., recognition of near-infrared images from visible spectrum training images. We explore different metric learning strategies over features from the intermediate layers of the networks, to reduce the discrepancies between the different modalities. In our experiments we found that the depth of the optimal features for a given modality, is positively correlated with the domain shift between the source domain (CNN training data) and the target domain. Experimental results show the that we can use CNNs trained on visible spectrum images to obtain results that improve over the state-of-the art for heterogeneous face recognition with near-infrared images and sketches.Third, we present convolutional neural fabrics for exploring the discrete andexponentially large CNN architecture space in an efficient and systematic manner. Instead of aiming to select a single optimal architecture, we propose a “fabric” that embeds an exponentially large number of architectures. The fabric consists of a 3D trellis that connects response maps at different layers, scales, and channels with a sparse homogeneous local connectivity pattern. The only hyperparameters of the fabric (the number of channels and layers) are not critical for performance. The acyclic nature of the fabric allows us to use backpropagation for learning. Learning can thus efficiently configure the fabric to implement each one of exponentially many architectures and, more generally, ensembles of all of them. While scaling linearly in terms of computation and memory requirements, the fabric leverages exponentially many chain-structured architectures in parallel by massively sharing weights between them. We present benchmark results competitive with the state of the art for image classification on MNIST and CIFAR10, and for semantic segmentation on the Part Labels dataset
Melouki, Brahim. "Apprentissage du français en Palestine : motivations et représentations." Rouen, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ROUEL013.
Full textTchobanov, Atanas. "Représentations et apprentissage des primitives phonologiques : ^pproche neuromimétique." Paris 10, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA100018.
Full textWe develop the idea that the basic phonological objects : features, phonemes and syllables are represented at the level of cortical activity by coherent neuron assemblies' reverberations. Thes assemblies of hebbian type are located at cortex areas specializing in the process of phonological planning-production (Broca) and perception-comprehension (Wernicke). Neurobiological and connectionist simulations data support the view that synchronous activity of neurons from distant areas can be rapidly obtained if the model respects some neurobiological properties. We claim that phonology should be neurologically plausible. Using a well-studied coding scheme as the temporal synchrony of neuron activity gives representations a cognitive realism. Resulting patters are generic, not specially phonological and might be reused in modeling other linguistics and cognitive phenomena. .
Tamaazousti, Youssef. "Vers l’universalité des représentations visuelle et multimodales." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLC038/document.
Full textBecause of its key societal, economic and cultural stakes, Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a hot topic. One of its main goal, is to develop systems that facilitates the daily life of humans, with applications such as household robots, industrial robots, autonomous vehicle and much more. The rise of AI is highly due to the emergence of tools based on deep neural-networks which make it possible to simultaneously learn, the representation of the data (which were traditionally hand-crafted), and the task to solve (traditionally learned with statistical models). This resulted from the conjunction of theoretical advances, the growing computational capacity as well as the availability of many annotated data. A long standing goal of AI is to design machines inspired humans, capable of perceiving the world, interacting with humans, in an evolutionary way. We categorize, in this Thesis, the works around AI, in the two following learning-approaches: (i) Specialization: learn representations from few specific tasks with the goal to be able to carry out very specific tasks (specialized in a certain field) with a very good level of performance; (ii) Universality: learn representations from several general tasks with the goal to perform as many tasks as possible in different contexts. While specialization was extensively explored by the deep-learning community, only a few implicit attempts were made towards universality. Thus, the goal of this Thesis is to explicitly address the problem of improving universality with deep-learning methods, for image and text data. We have addressed this topic of universality in two different forms: through the implementation of methods to improve universality (“universalizing methods”); and through the establishment of a protocol to quantify its universality. Concerning universalizing methods, we proposed three technical contributions: (i) in a context of large semantic representations, we proposed a method to reduce redundancy between the detectors through, an adaptive thresholding and the relations between concepts; (ii) in the context of neural-network representations, we proposed an approach that increases the number of detectors without increasing the amount of annotated data; (iii) in a context of multimodal representations, we proposed a method to preserve the semantics of unimodal representations in multimodal ones. Regarding the quantification of universality, we proposed to evaluate universalizing methods in a Transferlearning scheme. Indeed, this technical scheme is relevant to assess the universal ability of representations. This also led us to propose a new framework as well as new quantitative evaluation criteria for universalizing methods
Ez-Zaher, Ahmed. "Représentations métaphonologiques et apprentissage de la lecture en arabe." Toulouse 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU20028.
Full textThis study was designed to examine the relation between phonological awareness and learning to read arabic. The main hypothesis holds that, unlike other alphabetic languages, syllabic awareness may play important role in learning to read. Some phonological and orthographic characteristics of the arabic language do have an influence both on phonological awareness children, shows clearly that syllabic awareness is strongly related to learning to read in beginning years, both as prerequisite or as a consequence of this learning. Syllabic segmentation appears much useful to establish letter/sound correspondences in the vowelised script. In contrast, phonemic awareness is needed only later in a second stage when children have to process an unvowelised, deep orthography. It was concluded that in the first stage phonemic awareness is not necessary to acquire reading abilities in vowelised arabic orthography and thus teaching methods must rely on syllabic units to introduce children to literacy
Boisson, Arthur. "Motricité et intégration multi-sensorielle : apprentissage des représentations grapho-phonémiques." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE2126/document.
Full textIn our daily lives, we are surrounded by audiovisual associations: we perceive and memorize them throughout our lives. However, the mechanisms involved in their learning are not fully understood. In particular, factors such as motor skills that promote such learning are rarely studied from a memory point of view.Thus, the general objectives of this thesis are to: i) study the cognitive mechanisms underlying the learning of audio-visual associations, ii) better understand the impact of motor skills on the effectiveness of its mechanisms, and iii) propose original methodologies likely to increase the effectiveness of these mechanisms and/or compensate for possible deficits.More precisely, this thesis work focuses on the benefit of motor exploration in learning grapho-phonemic correspondences (GPC). In addition to the purely theoretical interest in studying this learning, the importance of this acquisition for young pre-readers adds a practical and pedagogical dimension to this work. What stands out from this thesis is that two areas of study, the one of learning to read and the one of memory are combined. Though both of them deal with learning hence memory, there has never been a real attempt to apply memory models to help understand the mechanisms of learning word reading and writing, and conversely, memory research has rarely looked to research on learning to read and write to validate their assumptions. However, one of the interests of the Act-In model used to support this thesis is precisely to propose an integrated approach to cognitive functioning and not only to memory
Amate, Laure. "Apprentissage de modèles de formes parcimonieux basés sur des représentations splines." Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00456612.
Full textBooks on the topic "Apprentissage des représentations démêlées"
Les représentations des langues et de leur apprentissage: Références, modèles, données et méthodes. Paris: Didier, 2001.
Find full textde Diesbach-Dolder, Stéphanie. Apprentissage scolaire : lorsque les émotions s’invitent en classe… Une analyse socioculturelle des pratiques d’enseignement en éducation interculturelle. Éditions Alphil-Presses universitaires suisses, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.33055/alphil.03189.
Full textHodieb, Liliane, ed. Plurilinguisme et tensions identitaires. Editions des archives contemporaines, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17184/eac.9782813003614.
Full textBook chapters on the topic "Apprentissage des représentations démêlées"
Guemkam Ouafo, Diane Armelle. "Multilinguisme camerounais, traitement computationnel et développement." In Multilinguisme, multiculturalisme et représentations identitaires, 303–12. Observatoire européen du plurilinguisme, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/oep.goron.2021.01.0303.
Full textRAMANDIMBISOA, Farah-Sandy. "Langues et représentations linguistiques des étudiants issus de milieux défavorisés. Le cas du programme SÉSAME à Madagascar." In Langue(s) en mondialisation, 77–84. Editions des archives contemporaines, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.17184/eac.5291.
Full textAtangana, Marie Renée. "Apport du numérique dans la dynamisation et l’opérationnalisation des langues nationales au Cameroun." In Multilinguisme, multiculturalisme et représentations identitaires, 313–31. Observatoire européen du plurilinguisme, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/oep.goron.2021.01.0313.
Full textGuehi, José-Gisèle, Marie Christelle Kouame, and Anani Michael Kouabenan. "Et si le français ivoirien devient medium d’enseignement-apprentissage au primaire ? Représentations des enseignants et parents d’élèves." In Les parlers urbains africains au prisme du plurilinguisme : description sociolinguistique, 215–30. Observatoire européen du plurilinguisme, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/oep.kosso.2020.01.0215.
Full textChevalier, Laurence. "Les facteurs à l’oeuvre dans le maintien de l’enseignement traditionnel de la grammaire au Japon." In Le Japon, acteur de la Francophonie, 27–40. Editions des archives contemporaines, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.17184/eac.5524.
Full textKhadraoui, Errime, and Riad Messaour. "Apprentissage du FLE en Algérie : de l’analyse des représentations à la motivation des apprenants dans le milieu universitaire." In Para lá da tarefa: implicar os estudantes na aprendizagem de línguas estrangeiras no ensino superior, 208–25. Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.21747/9789898969217/paraa11.
Full textHouda, Melaouhia Ben Hamad. "Pratiques et représentations du français chez les étudiants tunisiens en classe de langue." In Écoles, langues et cultures d’enseignement en contexte plurilingue africain, 267–81. Observatoire européen du plurilinguisme, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/oep.agbef.2018.01.0267.
Full textBOURNEL-BOSSON, Chae-Yeon, and Isabelle CROS. "Former les futurs enseignants de langue au numérique par l’approche réflexive (collaborative)." In Numérique et didactique des langues et cultures, 131–54. Editions des archives contemporaines, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.17184/eac.5758.
Full textLarose, François, Mathieu Bégin, and Marie-Christine Beaudry. "Les représentations d’élèves du secondaire quant à l’usage de l’outil de microblogage twitter pour développer leur compétence à écrire dans le cadre d’une situation d’apprentissage et d’évaluation." In Création de dispositifs didactiques et enseignement-apprentissage diversifié en littératie : vers une valorisation de la recherche-développement et de la recherche-action en éducation, 93–111. Éditions de l’Université de Sherbrooke, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.17118/11143/10126.
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