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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Applied biological science

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Academic literature on the topic 'Applied biological science'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 11 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Applied biological science"

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Wiechert, Bernd Udo. "Applied Biomechanics: Prosthetic and Orthopaedics." Proceeding International Conference on Science and Engineering 1 (October 31, 2017): xiii. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/icse.v1.315.

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Biomechanics is closely related to engineering, because it often uses traditional engineering sciences to analyze biological systems. Some simple applications of Newtonian mechanics and/or materials sciences can supply correct approximations to the mechanics of many biological systems. Applied mechanics, most notably mechanical engineering disciplines such as continuum mechanics, mechanism analysis, structural analysis, kinematics and dynamics play prominent roles in the study of biomechanics. Usually biological systems are much more complex than man-built systems. Numerical methods are hence applied in almost every biomechanical study. Research is done in an iterative process of hypothesis and verification, including several steps of modeling, computer simulation and experimental measurements. Prosthetics and orthotics are clinical disciplines that deal with artificial limbs (prostheses) for people with amputations and supportive devices (orthoses) for people with musculoskeletal weakness or neurological disorders and some disability person. The development of prosthetics and orthotics disciplines is depend on development of science and engineering. The understanding of this multidiscipline field is important the advancement in this field. In this session i will overview the current development in prosthetics and orthotics field, expl ain a brief survey on its method, and discuss perspective for future trend and development.

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Baker, William P., and Kathryn J. Leyva. "Virus Hunters: The Science of Applied Research." American Biology Teacher 68, no. 6 (August 2006): 354–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1662/0002-7685(2006)68[354:vhtsoa]2.0.co;2.

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Baker, William P., and Kathryn J. Leyva. "Virus Hunters: The Science of Applied Research." American Biology Teacher 68, no. 6 (August 1, 2006): 354–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4452011.

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Stanley, Melissa. "Clinical Laboratory Science: Applied Biology with Great Potential." American Biology Teacher 52, no. 5 (May 1, 1990): 269–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4449107.

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Cramer, Richard D. "Template CoMFA Applied to 116 Biological Targets." Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling 54, no. 7 (June 16, 2014): 2147–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ci500230a.

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Charlton, J. "Biological nutrient removal applied to weak sewage." Water Science and Technology 29, no. 12 (December 1, 1994): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1994.0578.

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The Melby Wastewater Treatment Plant is located in the municipality of Frederiksværk on the island of Sealand, Denmark. This may be the first full-scale plant in Europe purpose built for biological nutrient removal from diluted wastewater, i.e. weak domestic wastewater mixed with infiltration waters. The relatively strict effluent standards have required the existing treatment plant to be upgraded in capacity, including the design for biological Nitrogen and Phosphorus removal. Due to the weak nature of the influent wastewater, the treatment process that has been adopted includes the application of a primary sludge fermenter to alter the influent characteristics suitable for biological nutrient removal. The treatment process used is the Modified University of Cape Town process utilising a primary sludge fermenter developed at the University of British Columbia in Canada. The combination of these two processes has been successfully applied to meet the strict discharge licence requirements, without the addition of chemicals, despite the unsuitable characteristics of the influent wastewater for biological nutrient removal. The paper describes the operational results for the treatment plant.

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Holden, A. V. "Nonlinear Science — The Impact of Biology." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 07, no. 09 (September 1997): 2075–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127497001552.

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Nonlinear science has primarily developed from applications of mathematics to physics. The biological sciences are emerging as the dominant growth points of science and technology, and biological systems are characterized by being information dense, spatially extended, organized in interacting hierarchies, and rich in diversity. These characteristics, linked with an increase in available computing power and accessible memory, may lead to a nonlinear science of complicated interacting systems that will link different types of mathematical objects within a framework of algebraic models of computing systems. Examples, drawn from current work on intracellular, cellular, tissue, organ, and integrative physiology of an individual, are outlined within the theory of synchronous concurrent algorithms. Possible directions in population dynamics and applications to ecosystem management are outlined.

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Roscoe, Neil. "Does Applied Science GCSE really cut the mustard?" Journal of Biological Education 41, no. 1 (December 2006): 44–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00219266.2006.9656057.

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Kostić, Daniel, Claus C. Hilgetag, and Marc Tittgemeyer. "Unifying the essential concepts of biological networks: biological insights and philosophical foundations." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 375, no. 1796 (February 24, 2020): 20190314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2019.0314.

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Over the last decades, network-based approaches have become highly popular in diverse fields of biology, including neuroscience, ecology, molecular biology and genetics. While these approaches continue to grow very rapidly, some of their conceptual and methodological aspects still require a programmatic foundation. This challenge particularly concerns the question of whether a generalized account of explanatory, organizational and descriptive levels of networks can be applied universally across biological sciences. To this end, this highly interdisciplinary theme issue focuses on the definition, motivation and application of key concepts in biological network science, such as explanatory power of distinctively network explanations, network levels and network hierarchies. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Unifying the essential concepts of biological networks: biological insights and philosophical foundations’.

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Hansen, Charles M. "Polymer science applied to biological problems: Prediction of cytotoxic drug interactions with DNA." European Polymer Journal 44, no. 9 (September 2008): 2741–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2008.07.005.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Applied biological science"

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Jones, Graeme Angus. "Stereoscopic correspondence processes applied to linear features." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1994. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/7544/.

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Diamantas, Sotirios Ch. "Biological and metric maps applied to robot homing." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2010. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/161057/.

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Navigation is at the heart of today’s mobile robotic systems. The use of landmarks for the guidance of autonomous systems is an essential part of the process. Shape, size, and colour are some of the properties of the landmarks. In this work biological and other methods have been developed for navigating a simulated mobile robot back to its home. Optical flow which is not a property of the landmarks but a property of the camera motion, has been used for building topological maps which are used to localise a robot. The advantage of this approach is that there is no need for storing or retrieving images. Any computation is performed on the basis of vectors. Metric maps are generated using a parsimonious localisation and mapping algorithm using a laser range finder. The purpose of this research is to effectively navigate a robot to its home position using computationally efficient biological and other techniques for navigation. Biology is seen as an alternative solution to the problems robots’ encounter which include algorithmic complexity, performance, and power consumption among others. Biological inspiration provides simple, yet effective methods for the solutions of such problems. The careful examination of such methods has twofold gain. The study of the principles of biological organisms entails making better autonomous systems that will, in turn help us perceive and understand better the underlying mechanisms of biological organisms. It is therefore essential to have an understanding of how biological and robotic systems work. This work discusses the techniques and strategies found both in animals and robots. It then goes on to describe the implementation of a series of simulation algorithms inspired by biology and other fields that assist in the navigation process, and in particular, homing. Their results are discussed and analysed. The novelty of this research lies in its methods for robot homing that make use of optical flow information to recognise a location as well as methods based on a laser range finder to avoid obstacles, perform path planning, localise a robot, and map the environment.

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Diallo, Abdoulaye. "Inference of insertion and deletion scenarios for ancestral genome reconstruction and phylogenetic analyses: algorithms and biological applications." Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=40771.

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This thesis focuses on algorithms related to ancestral genome reconstruction and phylogenetics analyses. Specially, it studies insertion and deletion (indel) in genomic sequences, their utilities for (1) evolutionary studies of species families, (2) multiple alignment and phylogenetic trees reconstruction assessment, and (3) functional DNA sequence annotation. Here, the indel scenarios reconstruction problem is presented, in a likelihood framework, and it can be stated as follows: given a multiple alignment of orthologous sequences and a phylogenetic tree for these sequences, reconstruct the most likely scenario of insertions and deletions capable of explaining the gaps observed in the alignment. This problem, that we called the Indel Maximum Likelihood Problem (IMLP), is an important step toward the reconstruction of ancestral genomic sequences, and is important for studying evolutionary processes, genome function, adaptation and convergence. In this thesis, first, we showed that we can solve the IMLP using a new type of tree hidden Markov model whose states correspond to single-base evolutionary scenarios and where transitions model dependencies between neighboring columns. The standard Viterbi and Forward-backward algorithms are optimized to produce the most likely ancestral reconstruction and to compute the level of confidence associated to specific regions of the reconstruction. A heuristic is presented to make the method practical for large data sets, while retaining an extremely high degree of accuracy. The developed methods have been made available for the community through a web interface. Second we showed the utilities of the defined indel score for assessing the accuracy of multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic tree reconstruction. Third, the provided method is included into the framework of the ancestral protein reconstruction of phages under a reticulate evolution and the evolutionary studies of the carcinogencity of the Human Papilloma Vir
Cette thèse traite d'algorithmes pour la reconstruction de génomes ancestraux et l'analyse phylogénétique. Elle étudie particulièrement les scénarios d'insertion et délétion (indels) dans les séquences génomiques, leur utilité (1) pour l'étude des familles d'espèces, (2) pour l'évaluation des alignements multiples de séquences et la reconstruction phylogénétique, (3) et pour l'annotation de séquences génomiques fonctionnelles. Dans cette thèse, le problème de la reconstruction du scénario d'indels est étudié en utilisant le critère de maximum de vraisemblance. Ce problème peut être défini de la manière suivante: étant donné un alignement multiple de séquences orthologues et un arbre phylogénétique traduisant l'histoire évolutive de ces séquences, reconstruire le scénario d'indels le plus vraisemblable capable d'expliquer les brèches présentes dans l'alignement. Ce problème, dénommé ''Indel Maximum Likelihood Problem (IMLP)'', est une importante étape de la reconstruction de séquences ancestrales. Il est également important pour l'étude des processus évolutifs, des fonctions des gènes, de l'adaptation et de la convergence.Dans une première étape de cette thèse, nous montrons que l'IMLP peut être résolu en utilisant un nouveau type de données combinant un arbre phylogénétique et un modèle de Markov caché. Les états de ce modèle de Markov caché correspondent à un scénario évolutif d'une colonne de l'alignement. Ses transitions modélisent la dépendance entre les colonnes voisines de l'alignement.Les algorithmes standard de Viterbi et de Forward-Backward ont été optimisés pour produire le scénario ancestral le plus vraisemblable et pour calculer le niveau de confiance associé aux prédictions. Dans cette thèse, Nous présentons également une heuristique qui permet d'adapter la méthode à des données de grandes tailles. En second, nous montrons l'utilité du score d'indel dans l'évaluatio

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Anderson, Bruce Edward, and Bruce Edward Anderson. "Forensic anthropology as science: Is there a difference between academic and applied uses of biological anthropology?" Diss., The University of Arizona, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/282649.

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The central issued explored by this research is whether forensic anthropology can be characterized as being fundamentally different from academically-oriented biological anthropology. My view--and thesis statement--is that they are not two fundamentally-differing pursuits. While I recognize that important differences do exist between these fields, I argue that the differences are not sufficient to draw a stark line between academically-oriented biological anthropology and its medico-legal application. The principal source of data marshaled in support of this view is my dozen-plus years experience as a student. then practitioner, of forensic anthropology. One hundred forensic anthropology case reports of mine are utilized to illustrate an example of the product that forensic anthropologists routinely supply to medico-legal and governmental agencies. However, more important than this product are the processes behind the issuance of such reports. I argue that while the product may be different--a necessity because the intended audience certainly is--the conscientious forensic anthropologist employs the same analytical processes as when engaged in academic pursuits. Thus, it is my position that forensic anthropologists remain biological anthropologists while performing medico-legal services.

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Dunn, Nathan A. "A Novel Neural Network Analysis Method Applied to Biological Neural Networks." Thesis, view abstract or download file of text, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1251892251&sid=2&Fmt=2&clientId=11238&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2006.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 122- 131). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.

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Bui, Ann. "Beach burial of cetaceans implications for conservation, and public health and safety : a thesis submitted through the Earth & Ocean Sciences Research Institute, and School of Applied Sciences, Auckland University of Technology in partial fulfillment [sic] of the degree of Master of Applied Science, March 2009." Click here to access this resource online, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/669.

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Every year hundreds of cetaceans strand on New Zealand beaches. Options for dealing with disposal of their carcasses are few, creating significant problems for the Department of Conservation (DOC). More often than not their carcasses are buried in beaches at or just above high water mark, near where the animals have stranded. The primary objective of this thesis is to determine the effects of cetacean burial on beach sediments, and evaluate potential health and safety risks associated with this practice. A secondary objective of this thesis is to appraise the appropriateness of one location DOC has repeatedly transported cetacean carcasses to and buried within beach sediments, Motutapu Island in Waitemata Harbour. The chemical effects of cetacean burial over a six-month period are reported for two sites at which animals were buried in 2008, Muriwai and Pakiri beaches; the biological effects of this burial are reported for one of these sites, Muriwai Beach, 12 months post burial. Intertidal faunal and floral inventories are provided for six sites around Motutapu Island, and these then compared and contrasted with inventories compiled from an additional 290 intertidal sites between Whangarei Heads and Tauranga Harbour, North Island East Coast, to appraise the relative uniqueness of intertidal species diversity around Motutapu Island. At both Muriwai and Pakiri beaches, nitrogen and phosphate concentrations in surface sands changed considerably following cetacean burial, although over six months the effect was localized and elevated concentrations of these two chemicals that could be attributed to a buried carcass did not extend more than 40 m from the site of whale burial. Deep-core profiles revealed nitrogen and phosphate concentrations at and in the immediate vicinity of cetacean burial approximately six months after burial to be markedly elevated to the level of the water table, but elevated concentrations attributable to the buried carcass were not observed greater than 25 m from the site of burial. Elevated concentrations of nitrogen and phosphates in beaches persist in surface sediments for at least six months post burial. Twelve months post cetacean burial no significant difference in species richness or abundance were apparent in intertidal communities extending along transects proximal to and some distance from the Muriwai Beach carcass; there is no evidence for any significant short-term (to 12 months) biological effects of cetacean burial in beaches. Of those shores on Motutapu Island accessible by earth-moving equipment and large vessels capable of dealing with and transporting large cetacean carcasses, Station Bay appeared to be the most appropriate site for whale burial. However its small size and relatively high biological value (fairly high species richness for comparable shores between Whangarei Heads and Tauranga) renders it an inappropriate long-term option for whale burial. Other shores on Motutapu Island host some of the highest species richness of all shores surveyed between Whangarei Heads and Tauranga Harbour, rendering them entirely inappropriate locations for burying cetaceans, over and above other variables that may influence disposal location identification (such as archaeological sites, dwellings and accessibility). Motutapu Island is not considered an appropriate location for cetacean burial within beaches. Alternative disposal strategies need to be explored for dealing with cetaceans that strand on Auckland east coast beaches. Although burial is the most convenient and most economical strategy to dispose of cetacean carcass, especially in mass stranding events or when cetaceans are of large size, and the biological effects of this practice are not considered significant (for the one whale that could be studied), persistent enrichment of beach sediments with organic matter could result in prolonged persistence of pathogens in beaches, causing unforeseen risks to human health and safety. Recommendations are made to minimize possible threats to public following burial of cetaceans in beaches, until the potential health risks of burial are more fully understood.

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Qin, Yu. "Computations and Algorithms in Physical and Biological Problems." Thesis, Harvard University, 2014. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:11478.

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This dissertation presents the applications of state-of-the-art computation techniques and data analysis algorithms in three physical and biological problems: assembling DNA pieces, optimizing self-assembly yield, and identifying correlations from large multivariate datasets. In the first topic, in-depth analysis of using Sequencing by Hybridization (SBH) to reconstruct target DNA sequences shows that a modified reconstruction algorithm can overcome the theoretical boundary without the need for different types of biochemical assays and is robust to error. In the second topic, consistent with theoretical predictions, simulations using Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) demonstrate how controlling the short-ranged interactions between particles and controlling the concentrations optimize the self-assembly yield of a desired structure, and nonequilibrium behavior when optimizing concentrations is also unveiled by leveraging the computation capacity of GPUs. In the last topic, a methodology to incorporate existing categorization information into the search process to efficiently reconstruct the optimal true correlation matrix for multivariate datasets is introduced. Simulations on both synthetic and real financial datasets show that the algorithm is able to detect signals below the Random Matrix Theory (RMT) threshold. These three problems are representatives of using massive computation techniques and data analysis algorithms to tackle optimization problems, and outperform theoretical boundary when incorporating prior information into the computation.
Engineering and Applied Sciences

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Hanson-Smith, Victor 1981. "Error and Uncertainty in Computational Phylogenetics." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/12151.

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xi, 119 p. : ill. (some col.)
The evolutionary history of protein families can be difficult to study because necessary ancestral molecules are often unavailable for direct observation. As an alternative, the field of computational phylogenetics has developed statistical methods to infer the evolutionary relationships among extant molecular sequences and their ancestral sequences. Typically, the methods of computational phylogenetic inference and ancestral sequence reconstruction are combined with other non-computational techniques in a larger analysis pipeline to study the inferred forms and functions of ancient molecules. Two big problems surrounding this analysis pipeline are computational error and statistical uncertainty. In this dissertation, I use simulations and analysis of empirical systems to show that phylogenetic error can be reduced by using an alternative search heuristic. I then use similar methods to reveal the relationship between phylogenetic uncertainty and the accuracy of ancestral sequence reconstruction. Finally, I provide a case-study of a molecular machine in yeast, to demonstrate all stages of the analysis pipeline. This dissertation includes previously published co-authored material.
Committee in charge: John Conery， Chair； Daniel Lowd， Member； Sara Douglas， Member； Joseph W. Thornton， Outside Member

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Manning, Cara Charlotte Marie. "Insight into chemical, biological, and physical processes in coastal waters from dissolved oxygen and inert gas tracers." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/108917.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences; and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution), 2017.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 185-213).
In this thesis, I use coastal measurements of dissolved O₂ and inert gases to provide insight into the chemical, biological, and physical processes that impact the oceanic cycles of carbon and dissolved gases. Dissolved O₂ concentration and triple isotopic composition trace net and gross biological productivity. The saturation states of inert gases trace physical processes, such as air-water gas exchange, temperature change, and mixing, that affect all gases. First, I developed a field-deployable system that measures Ne, Ar, Kr, and Xe gas ratios in water. It has precision and accuracy of 1 % or better, enables near-continuous measurements, and has much lower cost compared to existing laboratory-based methods. The system will increase the scientific community's access to use dissolved noble gases as environmental tracers. Second, I measured O₂ and five noble gases during a cruise in Monterey Bay, California. I developed a vertical model and found that accurately parameterizing bubble-mediated gas exchange was necessary to accurately simulate the He and Ne measurements. I present the first comparison of multiple gas tracer, incubation, and sediment trap-based productivity estimates in the coastal ocean. Net community production estimated from ¹⁵NO₃⁻ uptake and 02 /Ar gave equivalent results at steady state. Underway O₂/Ar measurements revealed submesoscale variability that was not apparent from daily incubations. Third, I quantified productivity by O₂ mass balance and air-water gas exchange by dual tracer (³He/SF₆ ) release during ice melt in the Bras d'Or Lakes, a Canadian estuary. The gas transfer velocity at >90 % ice cover was 6 % of the rate for nearly ice-free conditions. Rates of volumetric gross primary production were similar when the estuary was completely ice-covered and ice-free, and the ecosystem was on average net autotrophic during ice melt and net heterotrophic following ice melt. I present a method for incorporating the isotopic composition of H₂O into the O₂ isotope-based productivity calculations, which increases the estimated gross primary production in this study by 46-97 %. In summary, I describe a new noble gas analysis system and apply O₂ and inert gas observations in new ways to study chemical, biological, and physical processes in coastal waters.
by Cara Charlotte Marie Manning.
Ph. D.

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Chuang, Tyler Casey. "Characterization of a family of cysteine rich proteins and development of a MaSp1 derived miniature fibroin." Scholarly Commons, 2014. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/180.

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Spider silk displays a unique balance of high tensile strength and extensibility, making it one of the toughest materials on the planet. Dragline silk, also known as the lifeline of the spider, represents one of the best studied fiber types and many labs are attempting to produce synthetic dragline silk fibers for commercial applications. In these studies, we develop a minifibroin for expression studies in bacteria. Using recombinant DNA methodology and protein expression studies, we develop a natural minifibroin that contains the highly conserved N- and C-terminal domains, along with several internal block repeats of MaSp1. We also characterize a family of small cysteine-rich proteins (CRPs) and demonstrate that these factors are present within the spinning dope of the major ampullate gland using MS analysis. Biochemical studies and characterization of one of the family members, CRP1, demonstrate that this factor can self-polymerize into higher molecular weight complexes under oxidizing conditions, but can be converted into a monomeric species under reducing conditions. Self-polymerization of CRP1 is also shown to be independent of pH and salt concentration, two important chemical cues that help fibroin aggregation. Overall, our data demonstrate that the polymerization state of CRP1 is dependent upon redox state, suggesting that the redox environment during fiber extrusion may help regulate the oligomerization of CRP molecules during dragline silk production.

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Books on the topic "Applied biological science"

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Sandipan, Pati, and Chaudhry Tahseen, eds. Last minute intercollegiate MRCS applied basic science questions. Knutsford: Pastest, 2006.

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Pagliarani, Alessandra. Biochemical and Biological Effects of Organotins. Sharjah: Bentham Science Publishers, 2012.

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Sokal, Robert R. Biometry: The principles and practice of statistics in biological research. 3rd ed. New York: W.H. Freeman, 1995.

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Buehler, Markus J. Materiomics: Multiscale Mechanics of Biological Materials and Structures. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2013.

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name, No. Morphogenesis and pattern formation in biological systems: Experiments and models. Tokyo: Springer Verlag, 2003.

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M, Ben Amar, ed. New trends in the physics and mechanics of biological systems: Ecole d'été de physique des Houches, session XCII, 6--31 July 2009. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011.

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Svishchuk, A. V. Evolution of biological systems in random media: Limit theorems and stability. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2003.

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Svishchuk, A. V. Evolution of biological systems in random media: Limit theorems and stability. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2003.

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Mexican Meeting on Mathematical and Experimental Physics (2nd 2004 Mexico City, Mexico). Materials science and applied physics: 2nd Mexican Meeting on Mathematical and Experimental Physics, México City, México, 6-10 September, 2004. Edited by Hernández-Pozos J. L and Olayo-González R. Melville, N.Y: American Institute of Physics, 2005.

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Why we believe what we believe: Our biological need for meaning, spirituality, and truth. New York, NY: Free Press, 2006.

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Book chapters on the topic "Applied biological science"

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Stumpf, Michael P. H., Piers J. Ingram, Ian Nouvel, and Carsten Wiuf. "Statistical Model Selection Methods Applied to Biological Networks." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 65–77. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11599128_5.

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Balko, Sören, Matthias Lange, Roland Schnee, and Uwe Scholz. "BioDataServer: an Applied Molecular Biological Data Integration Service." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 140–55. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-24745-6_10.

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Hou, Wen-Juan, and Bamfa Ceesay. "The Statistical Approach to Biological Event Extraction Using Markov’s Method." In Trends in Applied Knowledge-Based Systems and Data Science, 207–16. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42007-3_18.

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Kitsao-Wekulo, Patricia Kadzo, Penny Holding, Robert H. Bradley, H. Gerry Taylor, Jane Kvalsvig, Nori Minich, Christopher J. Burant, and Kevin Connolly. "Exploring Differences in the Rural Home Environment: The Role of Biological and Environmental Factors." In Handbook of Applied Developmental Science in Sub-Saharan Africa, 55–73. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7328-6_3.

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Mesicek, Jakub, Ondrej Krejcar, Ali Selamat, and Kamil Kuca. "A Recent Study on Hardware Accelerated Monte Carlo Modeling of Light Propagation in Biological Tissues." In Trends in Applied Knowledge-Based Systems and Data Science, 493–502. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42007-3_43.

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Jin, Andrew, and Igor Linkov. "Synthetic Biology Brings New Challenges to Managing Biosecurity and Biosafety." In NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C: Environmental Security, 117–29. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-2086-9_8.

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AbstractNovel biology technologies like gene editing and genetic engineering are creating a proliferation of breakthroughs in engineered biological systems that will change our world in areas ranging from medicine, to textiles, to energy. New developments in gene editing technologies, especially CRISPR-Cas9, have shown early signs of extraordinary potential in a variety of fields, including from basic research, applied biotechnology, and biomedical research. While the possibility of directly targeting and modifying genomic sequences in almost all eukaryotic cells could significantly improve standards of living, these technologies have the potential to pose serious biological hazards.

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Karagiannaki, Ioulia, Yannis Pantazis, Ekaterini Chatzaki, and Ioannis Tsamardinos. "Pathway Activity Score Learning for Dimensionality Reduction of Gene Expression Data." In Discovery Science, 246–61. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61527-7_17.

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Abstract Molecular gene-expression datasets consist of samples with tens of thousands of measured quantities (e.g., high dimensional data). However, there exist lower-dimensional representations that retain the useful information. We present a novel algorithm for such dimensionality reduction called Pathway Activity Score Learning (PASL). The major novelty of PASL is that the constructed features directly correspond to known molecular pathways and can be interpreted as pathway activity scores. Hence, unlike PCA and similar methods, PASL’s latent space has a relatively straight-forward biological interpretation. As a use-case, PASL is applied on two collections of breast cancer and leukemia gene expression datasets. We show that PASL does retain the predictive information for disease classification on new, unseen datasets, as well as outperforming PLIER, a recently proposed competitive method. We also show that differential activation pathway analysis provides complementary information to standard gene set enrichment analysis. The code is available at https://github.com/mensxmachina/PASL.

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More, Shammi, Simon B. Eickhoff, Julian Caspers, and Kaustubh R. Patil. "Confound Removal and Normalization in Practice: A Neuroimaging Based Sex Prediction Case Study." In Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases. Applied Data Science and Demo Track, 3–18. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67670-4_1.

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AbstractMachine learning (ML) methods are increasingly being used to predict pathologies and biological traits using neuroimaging data. Here controlling for confounds is essential to get unbiased estimates of generalization performance and to identify the features driving predictions. However, a systematic evaluation of the advantages and disadvantages of available alternatives is lacking. This makes it difficult to compare results across studies and to build deployment quality models. Here, we evaluated two commonly used confound removal schemes–whole data confound regression (WDCR) and cross-validated confound regression (CVCR)–to understand their effectiveness and biases induced in generalization performance estimation. Additionally, we study the interaction of the confound removal schemes with Z-score normalization, a common practice in ML modelling. We applied eight combinations of confound removal schemes and normalization (pipelines) to decode sex from resting-state functional MRI (rfMRI) data while controlling for two confounds, brain size and age. We show that both schemes effectively remove linear univariate and multivariate confounding effects resulting in reduced model performance with CVCR providing better generalization estimates, i.e., closer to out-of-sample performance than WDCR. We found no effect of normalizing before or after confound removal. In the presence of dataset and confound shift, four tested confound removal procedures yielded mixed results, raising new questions. We conclude that CVCR is a better method to control for confounding effects in neuroimaging studies. We believe that our in-depth analyses shed light on choices associated with confound removal and hope that it generates more interest in this problem instrumental to numerous applications.

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Casler, Michael D. "Blocking Principles for Biological Experiments." In Applied Statistics in Agricultural, Biological, and Environmental Sciences, 53–72. Madison, WI, USA: American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America, Inc., 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/appliedstatistics.2015.0074.c3.

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Cummings, Christopher L., Kaitlin M. Volk, Anna A. Ulanova, Do Thuy Uyen Ha Lam, and Pei Rou Ng. "Emerging Biosecurity Threats and Responses: A Review of Published and Gray Literature." In NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C: Environmental Security, 13–36. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-2086-9_2.

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AbstractThe field of biotechnology has been rigorously researched and applied to many facets of everyday life. Biotechnology is defined as the process of modifying an organism or a biological system for an intended purpose. Biotechnology applications range from agricultural crop selection to pharmaceutical and genetic processes (Bauer and Gaskell 2002). The definition, however, is evolving with recent scientific advancements. Until World War II, biotechnology was primarily siloed in agricultural biology and chemical engineering. The results of this era included disease-resistant crops, pesticides, and other pest-controlling tools (Verma et al. 2011). After WWII, biotechnology began to shift domains when advanced research on human genetics and DNA started. In 1984, the Human Genome Project (HGP) was formerly proposed, which initiated the pursuit to decode the human genome by the private and academic sectors. The legacy of the project gave rise to ancillary advancements in data sharing and open-source software, and solidified the prominence of “big science;” solidifying capital-intensive large-scale private-public research initiatives that were once primarily under the purview of government-funded programs (Hood and Rowen 2013). After the HGP, the biotechnology industry boomed as a result of dramatic cost reduction to DNA sequencing processes. In 2019 the industry was globally estimated to be worth $449.06 billion and is projected to increase in value (Polaris 2020).

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Conference papers on the topic "Applied biological science"

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Qamar, Raheel. "Trends in Science and Research." In IBRAS 2021 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH AND APPLIED SCIENCE. Juw, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37962/ibras/2021/73.

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Leiss, Kirsten, Young Choi, and Peter Klinkhamer. "Application of eco-metabolomics in biological science." In TOWARDS THE SUSTAINABLE USE OF BIODIVERSITY IN A CHANGING ENVIRONMENT: FROM BASIC TO APPLIED RESEARCH: Proceeding of the 4th International Conference on Biological Science. Author(s), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4953507.

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Yu, T., W. S. Ying, and B. Li. "Applied research on the micro course in universities experimental teaching." In International Conference on Environmental Science and Biological Engineering. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/esbe141151.

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"Preface: International Conference on Biological Science, ICBS 2015." In TOWARDS THE SUSTAINABLE USE OF BIODIVERSITY IN A CHANGING ENVIRONMENT: FROM BASIC TO APPLIED RESEARCH: Proceeding of the 4th International Conference on Biological Science. Author(s), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4953473.

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Hashishin, Yuichi, Shu Sano, Takeyoshi Nakayama, Akira Kobayashi, Josef Krasa, and Takeshi Miyasaka. "Laser Ablation of Biological Tissue Using Pulsed CO[sub 2] Laser." In NEW TREND IN APPLIED PLASMA SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY: The Seventh International Symposium on Applied Plasma Science. AIP, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3508558.

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Rakesh, Leela, Theodore E. Simos, George Psihoyios, and Ch Tsitouras. "Symposium on Mathematical Theory, Experiment, Modeling and Simulation in Nano and Biological Science for Fabrication of Materials." In NUMERICAL ANALYSIS AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS: International Conference on Numerical Analysis and Applied Mathematics 2009: Volume 1 and Volume 2. AIP, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3241603.

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Lateef, Mehreen. "Determination of Serum C-reactive Protein Levels in Breast Cancer by Enzyme Linked Immunoassay Technique." In IBRAS 2021 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH AND APPLIED SCIENCE. Juw, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37962/ibras/2021/13.

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Ashraf, Ahmad Raza. "Diamine Architecture Effects on Thermal Stability of Polyimides." In IBRAS 2021 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH AND APPLIED SCIENCE. Juw, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37962/ibras/2021/55-58.

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Khan, Rashid Abbas. "Effect of Aqueous Extract of Sunflower on Morphological, Biochemical Attributes and Antioxidant Enzymes Activities of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)." In IBRAS 2021 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH AND APPLIED SCIENCE. Juw, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37962/ibras/2021/27-28.

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Wasti, Afshan Zeeshan. "ERBB2 - A Potential Breast Cancer Marker: An Integrated Bioinformatics Strategy." In IBRAS 2021 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH AND APPLIED SCIENCE. Juw, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37962/ibras/2021/1-2.

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