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Antonius, Nicky, Xiangzhu Gao, and Jun Xu. "Applying Enterprise Social Software for Knowledge Management." International Journal of Knowledge and Systems Science 7, no. 4 (October 2016): 19–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijkss.2016100102.
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This paper investigates the application of Enterprise Social Software for knowledge management in Australia. The Enterprise Social Software researched here assisted in collaborative knowledge sharing to support data-driven decision making. Enterprise Social Software was beneficial for complex tasks, especially those that involved a wide range of collaborators such as multi-disciplinary teams or geographically distant users. Australian knowledge workers found Enterprise Social Software to be extremely helpful in enhancing their externalisation and combination, but less proficient in socialisation and internalisation. In overall, there was agreement among respondents that Enterprise Social Software was facilitating them to meet work requirements which would be very hard or impossible to deliver without. The findings highlight Enterprise Social Software as a technological platform that diffuses the task complexity facing knowledge workers in Australia as a representation of the next generation Knowledge Management Systems.
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Hall, Christina R., Philippa C. Griffin, Andrew J. Lonie, and Jeffrey H. Christiansen. "Application of a bioinformatics training delivery method for reaching dispersed and distant trainees." PLOS Computational Biology 17, no. 3 (March 18, 2021): e1008715. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008715.
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Many initiatives have addressed the global need to upskill biologists in bioinformatics tools and techniques. Australia is not unique in its requirement for such training, but due to its large size and relatively small and geographically dispersed population, Australia faces specific challenges. A combined training approach was implemented by the authors to overcome these challenges. The “hybrid” method combines guidance from experienced trainers with the benefits of both webinar-style delivery and concurrent face-to-face hands-on practical exercises in classrooms. Since 2017, the hybrid method has been used to conduct 9 hands-on bioinformatics training sessions at international scale in which over 800 researchers have been trained in diverse topics on a range of software platforms. The method has become a key tool to ensure scalable and more equitable delivery of short-course bioinformatics training across Australia and can be easily adapted to other locations, topics, or settings.
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Arivin, Andriyan, Dea Barat Fatikasar, Adyaldo Ilham, Karina Gita Sari, and Iman Supriadi. "B. PENDAMPINGAN KEWIRAUSAHAAN MELALUI SISTEM SOFTWARE AKUNTANSI PADA LAPORAN KEUANGAN Q8 COFFEE SHOP." Economics and Sustainable Development 4, no. 2 (December 2, 2019): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.54980/esd.v4i2.70.
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Abstrak
Akuntansi merupakan suatu proses mencatat data,mengklasifikasikan data, meringkas data, melaporkan data, dan menganalisa data keuangan perusahaan (sebagai informasi untuk pejabat perusahaan dalam) mengambil keputusan serta mengevaluasi kegiatan yang sudah terjadi.Banyaknya data transaksi yang ada serta pengolahan data yang masih manual memungkinkan pada saat proses pencatatan terjadi kesalahan hitung, penyediaan laporan keuangan yang cukup lama, sulit memantau data terbaru ketersediaan obat, dan tidak efisien untuk membuat dan mencari data keuangan. Namun, data yang dihasilkan pun belum tentu sesuai dengan aslinya.Sehingga, suatu perusahaan perlu menggunakan aplikasi akuntansi untuk mengolah data keuangannya. Studi komparasi antara Myob,Accurate, dan Zahir untuk membandingkan perangkat lunak luar negri dan dalam negri (buatan indonesia dan asing). Software Myob adalah perangkat lunak yang berasal dari Australia (MYoB ialah satu software akuntansi yang ditujukan buat usaha kecil serta menengah (UKM) yang dibikin dengan terintegrasi (integrated software). Dikembangkan pertama kali oleh MYoB Limited Australia) sedangkan zahir dan Accurate adalah aplikasi pembukuan yang dapat membantu UMKM melakukan pencatatan pembukuan,transaksi penjualan,pembelian,inventaris, dan sebagainya. Serta mampu membuat penyusunan laporan keuangan dalam beberapa proses yang lebih mudah untuk digunakan dan hasil lebih akurat dengan sistem yang nyata. Oleh karena itu,penulis ingin menerapkan aplikasi akuntansi terbaik untuk pembuatan laporan keuangan secara tepat.
Kata Kunci :Pengertian Akuntansi, Software akuntansi, Laporan keuangan
Abstract
Accounting is a process of recording data, classifying data, summarizing data, reporting data, and analyzing corporate financial data that can be used to make decisions and evaluate activities that have already taken place.The large amount of transaction data available and the processing of data that is still manual makes it possible to record errors when calculating, providing financial reports long enough, difficult to monitor the latest data availability of drugs, and inefficient to create and find financial data. However, the data generated was not necessarily in accordance with the original. So, a company needs to use an accounting application to process its financial data. Comparative study between Myob, Accurate, and Zahir to compare local (domestic) and foreign software. Myob is software or software from Australia. While Accurate and Zahir are bookkeeping applications that can help MSMEs record bookkeeping, sales transactions, purchases, inventory, etc. and compile financial reports in just a few easy and fast and accurate processes with a real system.Therefore, the writer wants to apply the best accounting application for making financial reports quickly and accurately.
Keywords :Understanding of accounting, Accounting software, Financial statements
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Soldani, Jacopo. "An interview with Xin Xia - 2022 SIGSOFT Awardee." ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes 47, no. 3 (July 7, 2022): 22–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3539814.3539821.
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Xin Xia received the 2022 SIGSOFT Early Career Researcher Award for his contributions to AI and SE, mining software repositories, and empirical software engineering. He is the Director of the Software Engineering Application Technology Lab at Huawei, China. He received the Ph.D. degree in Computer Science in 2014 from the College of Computer Science and Technology (Zhejiang University, China), and - prior to joining Huawei - he was an ARC DECRA Fellow and a lecturer at the Faculty of Information Technology, Monash University, Australia.
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Carpenter, T., A. Lambert, and R. McKenzie. "Applying the IWA approach to water loss performance indicators in Australia." Water Supply 3, no. 1-2 (March 1, 2003): 153–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2003.0098.
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In 1999 and 2000, IWA Task Forces on Water Losses and Performance Indicators published their conclusions of over three years research, analysis and discussions. For the topics of Non-Revenue Water, Water Losses, Apparent Losses and Real Losses, these included:a recommended standard terminology, with definitions and procedures for assessing these components of the Annual Water Balance;recommended performance indicators for each of these components. This work represents a major step forward in defining the “best practice” approach to assessing and presenting components of Non-Revenue Water, for more rational comparisons of performance in diverse systems within a single organisation, within the same country, and between countries. The 21 members of the Water Services Association of Australia (WSAA) provide water and wastewater services to 12.9 million Australians. WSAA seeks to promote “best practice”, and act as a national focus for all interested parties. In February 2000 WSAA organised a national Workshop in Melbourne to discuss the IWA methodology. Arising from this Workshop, WSAA commissioned the production of customised Software and an Associated User Manual known as “Benchloss”, to promote and facilitate the application of the IWA recommended methodology throughout Australia. The paper will describe the development and application of “Benchloss” to date, with a comparison of Australian performance data against an International Data Set used by the Water Losses Task Force.
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Cogle, A. L., L. J. Lane, and L. Basher. "Testing the hillslope erosion model for application in India, New Zealand and Australia." Environmental Modelling & Software 18, no. 8-9 (October 2003): 825–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1364-8152(03)00082-3.
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Bugg, A. L., J. Landsberg, G. Laughlin, P. Tickle, and I. Frakes. "Application of three modelling approaches to simulating tree growth in central NSW, Australia." Environmental Modelling & Software 21, no. 3 (March 2006): 310–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2004.11.002.
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Ng, Celeste See-Pui, and Guy G. Gable. "Maintaining ERP Packaged Software – a Revelatory Case Study." Journal of Information Technology 25, no. 1 (March 2010): 65–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/jit.2009.8.
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For many organizations, maintaining and upgrading enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems (large packaged application software) is often far more costly than the initial implementation. Systematic planning and knowledge of the fundamental maintenance processes and maintenance-related management data are required in order to effectively and efficiently administer maintenance activities. This paper reports a revelatory case study of Government Services Provider (GSP), a high-performing ERP service provider to government agencies in Australia. GSP ERP maintenance-process and maintenance-data standards are compared with the IEEE/EIA 12207 software engineering standard for custom software, also drawing upon published research, to identify how practices in the ERP context diverge from the IEEE standard. While the results show that many best practices reflected in the IEEE standard have broad relevance to software generally, divergent practices in the ERP context necessitate a shift in management focus, additional responsibilities, and different maintenance decision criteria. Study findings may provide useful guidance to practitioners, as well as input to the IEEE and other related standards.
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Herrmann, Susan, Brad Power, Amineh Rashidi, Mark Cypher, Frank Mastaglia, Amy Grace, Elizabeth McKinnon, et al. "Supporting Patient-Clinician Interaction in Chronic HIV Care: Design and Development of a Patient-Reported Outcomes Software Application." Journal of Medical Internet Research 23, no. 7 (July 30, 2021): e27861. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/27861.
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Background The consideration of health-related quality of life (HRQL) is a hallmark of best practice in HIV care. Information technology offers an opportunity to more closely engage patients with chronic HIV infection in their long-term management and support a focus on HRQL. However, the implementation of patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures, such as HRQL in routine care, is challenged by the need to synthesize data generated by questionnaires, the complexity of collecting data between patient visits, and the integration of results into clinical decision-making processes. Objective Our aim is to design and pilot-test a multimedia software platform to overcome these challenges and provide a vehicle to increase focus on HRQL issues in HIV management. Methods A multidisciplinary team in France and Australia conducted the study with 120 patients and 16 doctors contributing to the design and development of the software. We used agile development principles, user-centered design, and qualitative research methods to develop and pilot the software platform. We developed a prototype application to determine the acceptability of the software and piloted the final version with 41 Australian and 19 French residents using 2 validated electronic questionnaires, the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 Items, and the Patient Reported Outcomes Quality of Life-HIV. Results Testing of the prototype demonstrated that patients wanted an application that was intuitive and without excessive instruction, so it felt effortless to use, as well as secure and discreet. Clinicians wanted the PRO data synthesized, presented clearly and succinctly, and clinically actionable. Safety concerns for patients and clinicians included confidentiality, and the potential for breakdown in communication if insufficient user training was not provided. The final product, piloted with patients from both countries, showed that most respondents found the application easy to use and comprehend. The usability testing survey administered found that older Australians had reduced scores for understanding the visual interface (P=.004) and finding the buttons organized (P=.02). Three-fourths of the respondents were concerned with confidentiality (P=.007), and this result was more prevalent in participants with higher anxiety and stress scores (P=.01), as measured by the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 Items. These statistical associations were not observed in 15 French patients who completed the same questionnaire. Conclusions Digital applications in health care should be safe and fit for purpose. Our software was acceptable to patients and shows potential to overcome some barriers to the implementation of PROs in routine care. The design of the clinicians’ interface presents a solution to the problem of voluminous data, both synthesizing and providing a snapshot of longitudinal data. The next stage is to conduct a randomized controlled trial to determine whether patients experience increased satisfaction with care and whether doctors perceive that they deliver better clinical care without compromising efficiency.
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Close, T. J. "The Barley Microarray. A Community Vision and Application to Abiotic Stress." Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding 41, No. 4 (November 21, 2011): 144–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/3660-cjgpb.
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A microarray chip representing approximately 20 000 barley unigenes was produced as part of a USA project entitled “An integrated physical and expression map of barley for Triticeae improvement”. The content of the chip was derived from more than 400 000 barley “Expressed Sequence Tag” (EST) sequences received from cooperators inUSA,Germany,Australia,Japan,Scotland, andFinland, plus about 1000 sequences retrieved from the GenBank nr database or GrainGenes. All EST sequences were trimmed to high quality regions, contaminants were identified and removed, and the remaining information was compiled using the CAP3 assembly program. A “stringent” assembly (paralogs separated) contained about 53 000 “unigenes” (the sum of contigs plus singletons), among which about 50% had reliable 3' ends and were therefore suitable for chip content. From these, probe sets were designed and the “Barley1” chip fabricated by Affymetrix. Complete details on the content of the barley microarray, and enhanced probe-set annotations, can be obtained using the software HarvEST:Barley, available from http://harvest.ucr.edu. The availability of an Affymetrix barley microarray has facilitated the study of gene expression on a large scale. Replicated experiments have revealed commonalities and differences between responses to abiotic stresses, and inherent differences between barley genotypes. The design and a brief summary of the results of drought stress experiments are stated.
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Neuhaus, S. J., D. Thomas, J. Desai, C. Vuletich, J. von Dincklage, and I. Olver. "Wiki-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Adult Onset Sarcoma: A New Paradigm in Sarcoma Evidence." Sarcoma 2015 (2015): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/614179.
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In 2013 Australia introduced Wiki-based Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Adult Onset Sarcoma. These guidelines utilized a customized MediaWiki software application for guideline development and are the first evidence-based guidelines for clinical management of sarcoma. This paper presents our experience with developing and implementing web-based interactive guidelines and reviews some of the challenges and lessons from adopting an evidence-based (rather than consensus-based) approach to clinical sarcoma guidelines. Digital guidelines can be easily updated with new evidence, continuously reviewed and widely disseminated. They provide an accessible method of enabling clinicians and consumers to access evidence-based clinical practice recommendations and, as evidenced by over 2000 views in the first four months after release, with 49% of those visits being from countries outside of Australia. The lessons learned have relevance to other rare cancers in addition to the international sarcoma community.
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Peachey, Tom, Elena Mashkina, Chong-Yong Lee, Colin Enticott, David Abramson, Alan M. Bond, Darrell Elton, David J. Gavaghan, Gareth P. Stevenson, and Gareth F. Kennedy. "Leveraging e-Science infrastructure for electrochemical research." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 369, no. 1949 (August 28, 2011): 3336–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2011.0146.
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As in many scientific disciplines, modern chemistry involves a mix of experimentation and computer-supported theory. Historically, these skills have been provided by different groups, and range from traditional ‘wet’ laboratory science to advanced numerical simulation. Increasingly, progress is made by global collaborations, in which new theory may be developed in one part of the world and applied and tested in the laboratory elsewhere. e-Science, or cyber-infrastructure, underpins such collaborations by providing a unified platform for accessing scientific instruments, computers and data archives, and collaboration tools. In this paper we discuss the application of advanced e-Science software tools to electrochemistry research performed in three different laboratories – two at Monash University in Australia and one at the University of Oxford in the UK. We show that software tools that were originally developed for a range of application domains can be applied to electrochemical problems, in particular Fourier voltammetry. Moreover, we show that, by replacing ad-hoc manual processes with e-Science tools, we obtain more accurate solutions automatically.
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Thiele-Evans, Lilla, Blake Pepper, John Zeleznikow, Neil Foster, and Tania Sourdin. "Regulatory approaches to managing artificial intelligence systems in autonomous vehicles in Australia." International Journal of Law and Information Technology 29, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 79–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ijlit/eaab002.
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Abstract This article explores the emergence of Automated Vehicles (AVs) in Australia. It will investigate the legal and regulatory terrain. International and domestic approaches are examined to determine potential responses. The regulatory issues emerge partly due to the varied nature of artificial intelligence systems and processes that enable AVs to function. The variations may be due to the chosen domain model, software development processes, or the development of biases that may occur during code development for the underlying artificial intelligence system. Such variations can create difficulties in the application of road rules, safety requirements, and the legal and regulatory requirements. They may give rise to significant issues relating to driver classification and licensing for AVs, due to the varied levels of control and involvement in the driving process. For this reason, legislative reform at specific jurisdictional levels is suggested together with clearer international standards as a pathway to ensure the safe and effective integration of autonomous vehicles into society.
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Messer, Carroll J. "Extension and Application of Prosser-Dunne Model to Traffic Operation Analysis of Oversaturated, Closely Spaced Signalized Intersections." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1646, no. 1 (January 1998): 106–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1646-13.
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Traffic congestion continues to have a serious impact on the productivity of the nation’s transportation system. Signalized arterials and service interchanges in urban areas serve as critical surface street facilities. These facilities often experience serious congestion problems because of high traffic demands that exceed capacity and also because of their common, closely spaced intersections and ramp terminals. Moreover, service interchanges are usually part of a signalized cross arterial and also may have short spacings to adjacent signalized intersections. Major deficiencies exist in the analysis technology and software tools available for analyzing potential traffic congestion problems at signalized arterials and service interchanges having closely spaced ramp terminals. This paper presents extensions of work originally published by Prosser and Dunne in Australia for analyzing the operational impacts of queue spillback on the capacity and delay of closely spaced signalized intersections. Coding of the described algorithm into FORTRAN was conducted, followed by experimental testing of the model using a calibrated version of the microscopic computer simulation program TRAF-NETSIM. Satisfactory comparisons were obtained between the initial version of the newly developed Prosser-Dunne Extended (PDX) model and NETSIM, but more testing and enhancement of the PDX model are recommended before implementation in existing operational software packages is considered.
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Harper, Bruce, and Luciano Mason. "A TROPICAL CYCLONE WIND, WAVE AND STORM TIDE RISK DESIGN AND WARNING TOOLBOX FOR AUSTRALIA." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36v (December 28, 2020): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36v.management.5.
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The paper will describe the development and operation of a comprehensive tropical cyclone wind, wave and storm tide risk design and warning software toolbox that covers all of tropical-influenced Australia, The toolbox is designed to provide both rapid assessment and detailed design capabilities for coastal, port, offshore and nearshore design, including projected future climate change. It also provides real-time emergency management functionality. The toolbox provides a probabilistic design framework that facilitates the essential need for sensitivity analysis of both inputs and outputs without pre-conceived risk thresholds. It provides the essential hazard component in a robust and verified context that can then, depending on the application, enable more focused and efficient deterministic modelling stages using models of choice.Recorded Presentation from the vICCE (YouTube Link): https://youtu.be/pssgiYdkEbM
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Schreider, S. Yu, A. J. Jakeman, B. G. Dyer, and R. I. Francis. "A combined deterministic and self-adaptive stochastic algorithm for streamflow forecasting with application to catchments of the Upper Murray Basin, Australia." Environmental Modelling & Software 12, no. 1 (January 1997): 93–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1364-8152(96)00050-3.
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Alsharif, Ahmed, Nor Zafir Md Salleh, Lina Pilelienė, Alhamzah F. Abbas, and Javed Ali. "Current Trends in the Application of EEG in Neuromarketing: A Bibliometric Analysis." Scientific Annals of Economics and Business 69, no. 3 (August 23, 2022): 393–415. http://dx.doi.org/10.47743/saeb-2022-0020.
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Despite several neuroscience tools existing, electroencephalography (EEG) is the most used and favoured tool among researchers because of its relatively low cost and high temporal resolution. Our study aimed to identify the global academic research trends of the empirical EEG studies in neuromarketing. This paper adopted the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol to identify relevant articles. A bibliometric analysis software (VOSviewer) was used to evaluate thirty open-access articles found in the Scopus database between 2016 and 2020. We found that the USA is the most productive country with five research articles that used the EEG tool in marketing studies, followed by Australia, Italy, and Malaysia with three articles each. According to the most prolific journals in neuromarketing, it has been found that Frontiers in Neuroscience journal (CiteScore 5.4) is the most prolific journal with two articles and 25 total citations, followed by Scientific reports (CiteScore 7.1) with two articles and eighteen total citations, which lead us to infer that the publications’ number does not necessarily reflect the citations’ number. The study provides a profound and comprehensive overview of academic research that used EEG in marketing research.
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Yang, Ao, Hong Zhang, Rodney Stewart, and Khoi Nguyen. "Enhancing Residential Water End Use Pattern Recognition Accuracy Using Self-Organizing Maps and K-Means Clustering Techniques: Autoflow v3.1." Water 10, no. 9 (September 10, 2018): 1221. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10091221.
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The aim of residential water end-use studies is to disaggregate water consumption into different water end-use categories (i.e., shower, toilet, etc.). The authors previously developed a beta application software (i.e., Autoflow v2.1) that provides an intelligent platform to autonomously categorize residential water consumption data and generate management analysis reports. However, the Autoflow v2.1 software water end use event recognition accuracy achieved was between 75 to 90%, which leaves room for improvement. In the present study, a new module augmented to the existing procedure improved flow disaggregation accuracy, which resulted in Autoflow v3.1. The new module applied self-organizing maps (SOM) and K-means clustering algorithms for undertaking an initial pre-grouping of water end-use events before the existing pattern recognition procedures were applied (i.e., ANN, HMM, etc.) For validation, a dataset consisting of over 100,000 events from 252 homes in Australia were employed to verify accuracy improvements derived from augmenting the new hybrid SOM and K-means algorithm techniques into the existing Autoflow v2.1 software. The water end use event categorization accuracy ranged from 86 to 94.2% for the enhanced model (Autoflow v3.1), which was a 1.7 to 9% improvement on event categorization.
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Bell, Jon F., Ron D. Ekers, and John D. Bunton. "Radio Frequency Interference Mitigation Strategies: Summary of the E. & F. White Conference held in Sydney, Australia, December 1999." Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia 17, no. 3 (2000): 255–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/as00035.
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AbstractThe E. & F. White Conference held in Sydney in December 1999 brought together expertise on a range of interference mitigation techniques from CSIRO, Australian and international industry and universities. Key goals were to enhance the understanding of techniques and their inter-relationship, to increase awareness of advanced technologies such as software radios and photonics, and to foster a cooperative approach to the development of interference mitigation techniques. The foremost application in mind was the square kilometre array (SKA) and the need to find ways to develop a hierarchical scheme for removing unwanted signals from astronomical data. This paper gives an overview of the topics discussed at the conference and summarises some of the key ideas and results that were presented.
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Zill, Jan C., Pedro Camargo, Naznin Sultana Daisy, and Tim Veitch. "Toll Choice and Stochastic User Equilibrium: Ticking All the Boxes." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2673, no. 4 (April 2019): 930–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198119837496.
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Stochastic user equilibrium is a behaviorally realistic framework for strategic demand modeling and forecasting in cities/regions where there are multiple tolled facilities, especially when it comes to patronage forecasting for existing or planned tolled facilities. However, there is currently no algorithm available in the literature or in commercial software that provides a comprehensive approach for stochastic user equilibrium assignment that addresses the generation of route choice sets for tolled roads, path overlap, and high levels of convergence. This paper presents a novel choice set generation algorithm combined with the path-size logit model and the bi-conjugate Frank-Wolfe equilibrium assignment in a comprehensive algorithm for forecasting tolled road patronage, along with the results of its application to a real-life model in Brisbane, Australia.
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Ha, Thang N., Kurt J. Marfurt, Bradley C. Wallet, and Bryce Hutchinson. "Pitfalls and implementation of data conditioning, attribute analysis, and self-organizing maps to 2D data: Application to the Exmouth Plateau, North Carnarvon Basin, Australia." Interpretation 7, no. 3 (August 1, 2019): SG23—SG42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/int-2018-0248.1.
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Recent developments in attribute analysis and machine learning have significantly enhanced interpretation workflows of 3D seismic surveys. Nevertheless, even in 2018, many sedimentary basins are only covered by grids of 2D seismic lines. These 2D surveys are suitable for regional feature mapping and often identify targets in areas not covered by 3D surveys. With continuing pressure to cut costs in the hydrocarbon industry, it is crucial to extract as much information as possible from these 2D surveys. Unfortunately, much if not most modern interpretation software packages are designed to work exclusively with 3D data. To determine if we can apply 3D volumetric interpretation workflows to grids of 2D seismic lines, we have applied data conditioning, attribute analysis, and a machine-learning technique called self-organizing maps to the 2D data acquired over the Exmouth Plateau, North Carnarvon Basin, Australia. We find that these workflows allow us to significantly improve image quality, interpret regional geologic features, identify local anomalies, and perform seismic facies analysis. However, these workflows are not without pitfalls. We need to be careful in choosing the order of filters in the data conditioning workflow and be aware of reflector misties at line intersections. Vector data, such as reflector convergence, need to be extracted and then mapped component-by-component before combining the results. We are also unable to perform attribute extraction along a surface or geobody extraction for 2D data in our commercial interpretation software package. To address this issue, we devise a point-by-point attribute extraction workaround to overcome the incompatibility between 3D interpretation workflow and 2D data.
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Sun, Weijia, and Brian L. N. Kennett. "Common-Reflection-Point-Based Prestack Depth Migration for Imaging Lithosphere in Python: Application to the Dense Warramunga Array in Northern Australia." Seismological Research Letters 91, no. 5 (July 15, 2020): 2890–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0220200078.
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Abstract We exploit estimates of P-wave reflectivity from autocorrelation of transmitted teleseismic P arrivals and their coda in a common reflection point (CRP) migration technique. The approach employs the same portion of the vertical-component seismogram, as in standard Ps receiver function analysis. This CRP prestack depth migration approach has the potential to image lithospheric structures on scales as fine as 4 km or less. The P-wave autocorrelation process and migration are implemented in open-source software—the autocorrelogram calculation (ACC) package, which builds on the widely used the seismological Obspy toolbox. The ACC package is written in the open-source and free Python programming language (3.0 or newer) and has been extensively tested in an Anaconda Python environment. The package is simple and friendly to use and runs on all major operating systems (e.g., Windows, macOS, and Linux). We utilize Python multiprocessing parallelism to speed up the ACC on a personal computer system, or servers, with multiple cores and threads. The application of the ACC package is illustrated with application to the closely spaced Warramunga array in northern Australia. The results show how fine-scale structures in the lithospheric can be effectively imaged at relatively high frequencies. The Moho ties well with conventional H−κ receiver analysis and deeper structure inferred from stacked autocorrelograms for continuous data. CRP prestack depth migration provides an important complement to common conversion point receiver function stacks, since it is less affected by surface multiples at lithospheric depths.
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Rose, Stefan, and Peter G. Fairweather. "Changes in Floristic Composition of Urban Bushland Invaded by Pittosporum undulatum in Northern Sydney, Australia." Australian Journal of Botany 45, no. 1 (1997): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt95058.
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Differences in species composition of urban bushland sites that had been subjected to increasing degradation and progressive invasion of Pittosporum undulatum Vent. were assessed using nonparametric multivariate and other statistical techniques. Increasing suburb age was found to significantly affect community pattern as a whole, specifically through increased proportions of exotic species, decreased native species richness and sustained shifts in the relative importance of individual species. Older suburbs were typified by species that were mesic, fire-sensitive, shade-tolerant and adapted to relatively moist, nutrient-rich edaphic conditions. These species included P. undulatum and many invasive exotics. Many native species decreased substantially in rank importance with increasing suburb age, to the point of elimination in older suburbs. These included one vulnerable taxon (Tetratheca glandulosa Sm.). Overall community pattern was correlated with abundance of P. undulatum, fire and human disturbance. Relative cover of P. undulatum was found to be significantly correlated with increased proportions of exotic species and reduced native species richness and diversity. While most exotic species were concentrated within 30 m of the suburban edge, it is suggested that most management effort should be directed at those exotic species that commonly establish throughout bushland remnants. The study also provided an opportunity to test the application of the multivariate software package PRIMER in assessing environmental impact on vegetation communities.
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Barrett, John, Barbara Turner, Susan Silva, and Michael Zychowicz. "Clinical pathways on a mobile device." BMJ Evidence-Based Medicine 25, no. 4 (November 12, 2019): 131–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjebm-2019-111234.
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Clinical pathways have been successfully implemented in the primary care setting in New Zealand, Australia and the UK. Despite wide adoption and decreased costs, these pathways have yet to translate evidence into clinical practice while also saving providers time—an important barrier for the translation of evidence at the point of care. The goal of this project was to determine if future development of a point-of-care mobile application should be undertaken with design principles using the theoretical framework of Hick’s law. Three new-to-practice providers participated in three plan-do-study-act cycles using these pathways installed on mobile devices to determine if they were a feasible, efficient and useful method to implement evidence. The project was a success with all three participants wishing to continue using the pathways after project completion. Participants felt the digital clinical pathways were the next evolution of the popular UpToDate software platform and helped them apply the latest evidence better than other available tools. While these results are promising, there were also limitations. Participants felt the lack of chart integration coupled with time constraints made full integration challenging and suggested launching the platform using a variety of delivery systems. The project’s findings suggest that future application development using the developed design principles would be worth further consideration. If this mobile application ultimately proved successful, the application framework could be implemented on a larger scale, thus improving patient outcomes and saving providers time.
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Strand, Roald, Greg Keir, Lucy Reading, Brent Usher, and Chris Dickinson. "A rapid and flexible method for simulation of CSG water production: application in the Surat and Bowen basins." APPEA Journal 54, no. 1 (2014): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj13015.
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There is significant interest in estimating volumes of water extracted during production as the CSG industry develops in the Surat and Bowen basins in Queensland, Australia. Klohn Crippen Berger Ltd (KCB) was commissioned by the Queensland Department of Natural Resources and Mines (DNRM) to develop a tool to estimate where, when, and how much CSG water will be produced in these areas under various industry expansion scenarios. The tool, which is now being maintained and further developed to interface with GIS software by the Centre for Water in the Minerals Industry (CWiMI), was built to balance numerical complexity against relative flexibility and simulation speed. This was achieved by an approach that differs from conventional reservoir engineering models, including: the use of non-equilibrium groundwater flow equations (the Theis equation) in conjunction with semi-empirical type-curve based methods; calculation of well interference effects and corresponding spatial scaling effects in a relatively large-scale spatially discretised model; and, modification of flows predicted using the Theis equation to reflect the dual-phase nature of CSG extraction, and the unique hydrogeological setting of the eastern margin of the Surat Basin. The tool was verified against equivalent Theis equation calculations and type curves provided by CSG proponents. The tool was demonstrated to adequately represent the unique physical mechanisms of CSG extraction, and produce robust estimates of CSG water production at a regional scale, while not relying on excessively complex numerical models or excessive data input requirements.
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Ahmed, Alaa, Chathuri Ranasinghe-Arachchilage, Abdullah Alrajhi, and Guna Hewa. "Comparison of Multicriteria Decision-Making Techniques for Groundwater Recharge Potential Zonation: Case Study of the Willochra Basin, South Australia." Water 13, no. 4 (February 18, 2021): 525. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13040525.
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In semi-arid regions, groundwater resources play a crucial role in all economic, environmental, and social processes. However, the occurrence, movement, and recharge of these hidden and valuable resources vary from place to place. Therefore, better management practices and mapping of groundwater recharge potential zones are needed for the sustainable groundwater resources. For an example, groundwater resources in Willochra Basin are vitally important for drinking, irrigation, and stock use. This study shows the significance of the application of three decision-making approaches, including multi-influencing factor, analytical hierarchy process, and frequency ratio techniques in the identification of groundwater potential zones. A total of seven criteria, including lithology, slope, soil texture, land-use, rainfall, drainage density, and lineament density, were extracted from conventional and remote sensing data sources. The parameters and their assigned weights were integrated using Geographic Information System (GIS) software to generate recharge potential maps. The resultant maps were evaluated using the area under the curve method. The results showed that the southern regions of the Willochra Basin are more promising for groundwater recharge potential. The map produced using the frequency ratio model was the most efficient (84%), followed by the multi-influencing factor model (70%) and then the analytical hierarchy process technique (62%). The area under the curve method agreed when evaluated using published weights and rating values.
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Moshi, Magdalena Ruth, Jacqueline Parsons, Rebecca Tooher, and Tracy Merlin. "Evaluation of Mobile Health Applications: Is Regulatory Policy Up to the Challenge?" International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 35, no. 4 (2019): 351–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462319000461.
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AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study is to determine whether the approach used in Australia to regulate mobile medical applications (MMA) is consistent with international standards and is suitable to address the unique challenges of these technologies.MethodsThe policies of members of the International Medical Device Regulator's Forum (IMDRF) were analyzed, to determine whether these regulatory bodies address IMDRF recommendations for the clinical evaluation of software as a medical device (SaMD). Case-studies of varying types of regulated MMAs in Australia and the United States were also reviewed to determine how well the guidance in the IMDRF's SaMD: Clinical Evaluation (2017) document was operationalized.ResultsAll included jurisdictions evaluated the effectiveness of MMAs and addressed the majority of the key sub-categories recommended in the IMDRF guidance document. However, safety principles concerning information security (cybersecurity) and potential dangers of misinformation (risk-classification) were generally not addressed in either the case-studies or in the policy documents of international regulatory bodies. Australia's approach was consistent with MMA regulation conducted internationally. None of the approaches used by global regulatory bodies adequately addressed the risk of misinformation from apps and the potential for adverse clinical consequences.ConclusionsThe risks posed by MMAs are mainly through the information they provide and how this is used in clinical decision-making. Policy in Australia and elsewhere should be adjusted to follow the IMDRF risk-classification criteria to address potential harms from misinformation. Australian regulatory information should also be updated so the harm posed by cybersecurity and connectivity can be comprehensively evaluated.
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Hindmarsh, Diane, and David Steel. "Estimating the RMSE of Small Area Estimates without the Tears." Stats 4, no. 4 (November 17, 2021): 931–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/stats4040054.
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Small area estimation (SAE) methods can provide information that conventional direct survey estimation methods cannot. The use of small area estimates based on linear and generalized linear mixed models is still very limited, possibly because of the perceived complexity of estimating the root mean square errors (RMSEs) of the estimates. This paper outlines a study used to determine the conditions under which the estimated RMSEs, produced as part of statistical output (‘plug-in’ estimates of RMSEs) could be considered appropriate for a practical application of SAE methods where one of the main requirements was to use SAS software. We first show that the estimated RMSEs created using an EBLUP model in SAS and those obtained using a parametric bootstrap are similar to the published estimated RMSEs for the corn data in the seminal paper by Battese, Harter and Fuller. We then compare plug-in estimates of RMSEs from SAS procedures used to create EBLUP and EBP estimators against estimates of RMSEs obtained from a parametric bootstrap. For this comparison we created estimates of current smoking in males for 153 local government areas (LGAs) using data from the NSW Population Health Survey in Australia. Demographic variables from the survey data were included as covariates, with LGA-level population proportions, obtained mainly from the Australian Census used for prediction. For the EBLUP, the estimated plug-in estimates of RMSEs can be used, provided the sample size for the small area is more than seven. For the EBP, the plug-in estimates of RMSEs are suitable for all in-sample areas; out-of-sample areas need to use estimated RMSEs that use the parametric bootstrap.
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Trotman, Judith, Xavier Badoux, Admir Huseincehajic, Michele Gambrill, Anais LeGall, Michelle Daly, Mark Lacey, et al. "Clintrial Refer- a Mobile App To Connect Patients With Local Clinical Trials." Blood 122, no. 21 (November 15, 2013): 5600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v122.21.5600.5600.
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Abstract Background Readily accessible, smart-phone applications (Apps) have the potential to revolutionise and improve the delivery of patient care. Significant challenges associated with recruiting patients to haematology clinical trials include the rarity of diseases, complexity of trials, limited site locations, and maintaining knowledge of current trials in the context of rapid therapeutic developments. The Haematology Clinical Research Network, of New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory (NSW/ACT) aimed to develop an App to facilitate clinician and patient access to current information on local clinical trials and improve trial participation by increasing referrals. Methods Key objectives were to develop an App that was free to download, simple to use and effective. Only publically listed data was to be included. Endpoints were rates of App usage, and cross-site and internal clinical trial referrals. Through liaison between the end-users (clinicians, trial managers and patients), and the contracted software developer, App specifications were refined through successive iterations. With the key search filters of Disease, Location, Sponsor and Study Status, the App has an easy to navigate listing of currently recruiting haematology trials. Useful features include: listing of inclusion and exclusion criteria; direct links to ClinTrials.gov; a lay summary; and direct contacts from the mobile device to participating study sites. Real-time data entry into the database app manager ensures currency of trial information. Results ClinTrial Refer went live in May 2013, on both iOS and Android platforms. As at 10th August, ClinTrial Refer has 654 users, over 4358 sessions and 13924 screen views.91% of current users are repeat users. Despite its local application the App has been accessed in 46 countries. Among the target audience in NSW 290 repeat users returned for an average 11 sessions each indicating a high user acceptance. It is being endorsed on the websites of Australian blood cancer consumer groups. A survey has confirmed that since its launch, through having readily accessible data on their smart-phones, ClinTrial Refer has increased clinician awareness of the NSW trial portfolio. In just twelve weeks it has resulted in the cross-referral of an additional 30+ patients for clinical trials, representing a >300% increase over previous referral patterns. This improvement in trials knowledge management has also increased within-site recruitment; however it is harder to quantify the exact short-term impact of ClinTrial Refer within hospitals. The App has already been duplicated for other Australian state-wide haematology networks and the Adolescent & Young Adult Research Network, NSW. Conclusion ClinTrial Refer is an innovative but simple, readily accessible mobile Application. Its widespread adoption across 18 Haematology Clinical Research sites in NSW Australia is facilitating increased patient recruitment to trials. Only recently available on iTunes and Google Play, it has attracted national and international attention as a template for any clinical trial network portfolio. Disclosures: Trotman: Celgene: Grant for App development Other. Huseincehajic:Celgene: Grant for App development Other.
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Monteiro Santos, Fernando Acácio, John Triantafilis, and Kira Bruzgulis. "A spatially constrained 1D inversion algorithm for quasi-3D conductivity imaging: Application to DUALEM-421 data collected in a riverine plain." GEOPHYSICS 76, no. 2 (March 2011): B43—B53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.3537834.
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The efficient use of water in irrigated agricultural systems is of increasing importance given the changes in climatic patterns currently being experienced in the irrigated areas of the Murray-Darling Basin (MDB) in Australia. In previous research, electromagnetic (EM) induction instruments have been used to map the distribution of the clay content in those areas. However, describing their vertical extent and connectivity with groundwater tables or stratigraphic features such as paleochannels has not been studied adequately. One of the reasons for the paucity of research is the lack of suitable instrumentation or software to invert apparent conductivity (σa) data. The aim of this research is to demonstrate how DUALEM-421 equipment, which operates using electromagnetic induction theory, can be used to map not only the areal distribution of a prior stream channel but its vertical extent by inputting the data into a 1D spatially constrained algorithm for quasi-3D conductivity imaging. We discovered how the inversion of the apparent electrical conductivity, measured in the horizontal (HCP) and perpendicular (PRP) arrays, characterizes the Quaternary alluvial clays which dominate the riverine plain of the lower Gwydir valley, and indicates the location and extent of a prior stream channel and its sediments across Auscott Midkin field 11. We found the calculated conductivity values favorably represent the known stratigraphy of these physiographic units. Our results suggest the prior stream channel may be interconnected with a more extensive paleochannel.
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E. Fluck, Andrew, Olawale Surajudeen Adebayo, and Shafi'i Muhammad Abdulhamid. "Secure E-Examination Systems Compared: Case Studies from Two Countries." Journal of Information Technology Education: Innovations in Practice 16 (2017): 107–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3705.
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Aim/Purpose: Electronic examinations have some inherent problems. Students have expressed negative opinions about electronic examinations (e-examinations) due to a fear of, or unfamiliarity with, the technology of assessment, and a lack of knowledge about the methods of e-examinations. Background: Electronic examinations are now a viable alternative method of assessing student learning. They provide freedom of choice, in terms of the location of the examination, and can provide immediate feedback; students and institutions can be assured of the integrity of knowledge testing. This in turn motivates students to strive for deeper learning and better results, in a higher quality and more rigorous educational process. Methodology : This paper compares an e-examination system at FUT Minna Nigeria with one in Australia, at the University of Tasmania, using case study analysis. The functions supported, or inhibited, by each of the two e-examination systems, with different approaches to question types, cohort size, technology used, and security features, are compared. Contribution: The researchers’ aim is to assist stakeholders (including lecturers, invigilators, candidates, computer instructors, and server operators) to identify ways of improving the process. The relative convenience for students, administrators, and lecturer/assessors and the reliability and security of the two systems are considered. Challenges in conducting e-examinations in both countries are revealed by juxtaposing the systems. The authors propose ways of developing more effective e-examination systems. Findings: The comparison of the two institutions in Nigeria and Australia shows e-examinations have been implemented for the purpose of selecting students for university courses, and for their assessment once enrolled. In Nigeria, there is widespread systemic adoption for university entrance merit selection. In Australia this has been limited to one subject in one state, rather than being adopted nationally. Within undergraduate courses, the Nigerian scenario is quite extensive; in Australia this adoption has been slower, but has penetrated a wide variety of disciplines. Recommendations for Practitioners: Assessment integrity and equipment reliability were common issues across the two case studies, although the delivery of e-examinations is different in each country. As with any procedural process, a particular solution is only as good as its weakest attribute. Technical differences highlight the link between e-examination system approaches and pedagogical implications. It is clear that social, cultural, and environmental factors affect the success of e-examinations. For example, an interrupted electrical power supply and limited technical know-how are two of the challenges affecting the conduct of e-examinations in Nigeria. In Tasmania, the challenge with the “bring your own device” (BYOD) is to make the system operate on an increasing variety of user equipment, including tablets. Recommendation for Researchers: The comparisons between the two universities indicate there will be a productive convergence of the approaches in future. One key proposal, which arose from the analysis of the existing e-examination systems in Nigeria and Australia, is to design a form of “live” operating system that is deployable over the Internet. This method would use public key cryptography for lecturers to encrypt their questions online. Impact on Society : If institutions are to transition to e-examinations, one way of facilitating this move is by using computers to imitate other assessment techniques. However, higher order thinking is usually demonstrated through open-ended or creative tasks. In this respect the Australian system shows promise by providing the same full operating system and software application suite to all candidates, thereby supporting assessment of such creative higher order thinking. The two cases illustrate the potential tension between “online” or networked reticulation of questions and answers, as opposed to “offline” methods. Future Research: A future design proposition is a web-based strategy for a virtual machine, which is launched into candidates’ computers at the start of each e-examination. The new system is a form of BYOD externally booted e-examination (as in Australia) that is deployable over the Internet with encryption and decryption features using public key cryptography (Nigeria). This will allow lecturers to encrypt their questions and post them online while the questions are decrypted by the administrator or students are given the key. The system will support both objective and open-ended questions (possibly essays and creative design tasks). The authors believe this can re-define e-examinations as the “gold standard” of assessment.
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Rose, J. A. "Application of Expert Systems, edited by J. Ross Quinlan, Turing Institute Press, Glasgow, Scotland, in association with Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Sydney, Australia, 1987223 pages including index (£19.95)." Robotica 6, no. 4 (October 1988): 347. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574700004859.
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Gore, Joshua Andrew, and Stefan Peters. "Interactive web mapping of 90 Years of Fire History Across South Australia." Abstracts of the ICA 1 (July 15, 2019): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-1-97-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Fire is a significant part of South Australian history and integral to the state’s ecosystems. Small prescribed fires are an essential part of ecosystem management and health. However, large, uncontrollable bushfires during South Australia’s hot, dry summers often cause loss of property, damage to the environment and fatalities. An awareness of this fire history enables effective management and encourages residents to better prepare for catastrophic fire events. The South Australian Country Fire Service provides data on the burn extents of more than 5500 prescribed and accidental fire events across the state from 1931 to 2018. This work presents the development of an open-source interactive web mapping tool, allowing residents, managers, and other map users to intuitively explore the state’s fire history without the need for advanced software and skills. This web map application aims to clearly show the state’s complex fire history at any zoom level from the entire state to a medium sized rural property. To clearly symbolise areas with extensive fire history, events are shown as both polygons and centroid points. Points are symbolised using scale dependant clustering with cluster symbols including counts. This communicates both the number of fires and the extent of area burnt for regions of interest at all zoom levels. Statistics for the state’s fire districts are also portrayed using a choropleth symbology. Popups provide further information on all point and polygon data.</p><p> All processing is done by the browser, with GeoJSON polygon geometry simplified and tiled using the geojson-vt library to ensure a responsive experience. Whilst resulting in a large initial download and requiring a mid-range PC for display this approach means data can be freely provided on static hosting with very little pre-upload processing required. Fire data can thus easily be updated as new incidents occur.</p><p> To allow responsive filtering of the over 5500 fire features an index system is implemented, using indices calculated both when data is loaded and on the fly in response to interface changes. The unique IDs given features within the fire GeoJSON are assigned to their leaflet layer representation. Lists of IDs of all features returning true when toggles are set to true are created on data load using a combination of the filter and map functions. Similar lists are created on the fly based on the status of range inputs. Intersect, union and difference functions are implemented using the Set data type allowing fast comparisons between filter results, visible, and not visible features to determine specific features to be shown or hidden.</p><p> This index system is utilised to provide a time series animation and a range of dual handle slider and checkbox interface elements allowing comprehensive data exploration based on event type, size, season, and year. When data is filtered by individual decade a textual historic summary of the decade is also displayed. The visualisation performs well on mid to high end desktop computers and thus demonstrates the potential client-side web technology has for providing comprehensive and accessible data exploration.</p>
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Puri, K. "Copyright protection of software in Australia." Information & Communications Technology Law 1, no. 1 (January 1992): 79–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13600834.1992.9965643.
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Chemonges, Saul. "Interrogation of an ovine serum peptide spectral library to annotate ambiguous clinicopathological biomarkers using data-independent acquisition." F1000Research 11 (December 5, 2022): 1433. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.128316.1.
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Background: The use of data-independent data acquisition mass spectrometry (DIA-MS) on biological samples from domestic animals is still uncommon. Here, sequential window acquisition of all theoretical mass spectra (SWATH-MS) – a variant of DIA-MS was used to analyse serum peptides of healthy sheep as compared with serum of sick sheep by interrogating a novel peptide spectral library (PSL). This approach enabled the detection and annotation of a wide range of proteins, than conventional clinical pathology protein assays. Methods: Serum samples from healthy sheep were obtained from a commercial source and normalised to represent a healthy sheep proteome background and then compared with serum samples of sheep suffering from a range of naturally-acquired illnesses submitted to The University of Queensland, Australia. Purified tryptic peptides were subjected to liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) on a quadrupole time-of-flight instrument (TripleTOF 5600+, SCIEX) set in a cyclic data-independent acquisition (DIA) mode using a generic (SWATH™, SCIEX) acquisition method. Data were processed using PeakView® v2.2 software with SWATH™ Acquisition MicroApp 2.0 (SCIEX) and MarkerView™ v1.3 software (SCIEX) pipeline to generate protein lists for downstream gene ontology annotation and pathway analysis of identified proteins. Results: There were distinct differences in peptide chromatographic features of sick sheep samples compared to those from healthy sheep. Healthy and sick sheep serum samples yielded 335 and 236 protein identifications (IDs), respectively. There were 96 protein IDs unique to sick sheep serum. A total of 431 protein IDs were annotated by combining healthy control and sick sheep protein IDs. Conclusions: SWATH analysis successfully aided in the detection some established clinicopathological serum biochemical analytes. This approach enabled the distinction of protein profiles of sick sheep samples from a healthy control sample, thereby providing a promising future perspective for the application of SWATH analysis in veterinary clinical use.
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Khan, Kaffayatullah, Waqas Ahmad, Muhammad Nasir Amin, and Sohaib Nazar. "A Scientometric-Analysis-Based Review of the Research Development on Geopolymers." Polymers 14, no. 17 (September 5, 2022): 3676. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14173676.
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A scientometric-based assessment of the literature on geopolymers was conducted in this study to determine its critical aspects. Typical review studies are restricted in their capability to link disparate segments of the literature in a systematic and exact way. Knowledge mapping, co-citation, and co-occurrence are very difficult components of creative research. This study adopted an advanced strategy of data mining, data processing and analysis, visualization and presentation, and interpretation of the bibliographic data on geopolymers. The Scopus database was used to search for and retrieve the data needed to complete the study’s objectives. The relevant sources of publications, keyword assessment, productive authors based on publications and citations, top papers based on citations received, and areas actively engaged in the research of geopolymers are recognized during the data assessment. The VOSviewer (VOS: visualization of similarities) software application was employed to analyze the literature data comprising citation, bibliographic, abstract, keywords, funding, and other information from 7468 relevant publications. In addition, the applications and restrictions associated with the use of geopolymers in the construction sector are discussed, as well as possible solutions to overcome these restrictions. The scientometric analysis revealed that the leading publication source (journal) in terms of articles and citations is “Construction and building materials”; the mostly employed keywords are geopolymer, fly ash, and compressive strength; and the top active and contributing countries based on publications are China, India, and Australia. Because of the quantitative and graphical representation of participating nations and researchers, this study can help academics to create collaborative efforts and exchange creative ideas and approaches. In addition, this study concluded that the large-scale usage of geopolymer concrete is constrained by factors such as curing regime, activator solution scarcity and expense, efflorescence, and alkali–silica reaction. However, embracing the potential solutions outlined in this study might assist in boosting the building industry’s adoption of geopolymer concrete.
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Cullis, Brian R., Alison B. Smith, Nicole A. Cocks, and David G. Butler. "The Design of Early-Stage Plant Breeding Trials Using Genetic Relatedness." Journal of Agricultural, Biological and Environmental Statistics 25, no. 4 (July 16, 2020): 553–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13253-020-00403-5.
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Abstract The use of appropriate statistical methods has a key role in improving the accuracy of selection decisions in a plant breeding program. This is particularly important in the early stages of testing in which selections are based on data from a limited number of field trials that include large numbers of breeding lines with minimal replication. The method of analysis currently recommended for early-stage trials in Australia involves a linear mixed model that includes genetic relatedness via ancestral information: non-genetic effects that reflect the experimental design and a residual model that accommodates spatial dependence. Such analyses have been widely accepted as they have been found to produce accurate predictions of both additive and total genetic effects, the latter providing the basis for selection decisions. In this paper, we present the results of a case study of 34 early-stage trials to demonstrate this type of analysis and to reinforce the importance of including information on genetic relatedness. In addition to the application of a superior method of analysis, it is also critical to ensure the use of sound experimental designs. Recently, model-based designs have become popular in Australian plant breeding programs. Within this paradigm, the design search would ideally be based on a linear mixed model that matches, as closely as possible, the model used for analysis. Therefore, in this paper, we propose the use of models for design generation that include information on genetic relatedness and also include non-genetic and residual models based on the analysis of historic data for individual breeding programs. At present, the most commonly used design generation model omits genetic relatedness information and uses non-genetic and residual models that are supplied as default models in the associated software packages. The major reasons for this are that preexisting software is unacceptably slow for designs incorporating genetic relatedness and the accuracy gains resulting from the use of genetic relatedness have not been quantified. Both of these issues are addressed in the current paper. An updating scheme for calculating the optimality criterion in the design search is presented and is shown to afford prodigious computational savings. An in silico study that compares three types of design function across a range of ancillary treatments shows the gains in accuracy for the prediction of total genetic effects (and thence selection) achieved from model-based designs using genetic relatedness and program specific non-genetic and residual models. Supplementary materials accompanying this paper appear online.
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Polkinghorne, R., J. Philpott, A. Gee, A. Doljanin, and J. Innes. "Development of a commercial system to apply the Meat Standards Australia grading model to optimise the return on eating quality in a beef supply chain." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 48, no. 11 (2008): 1451. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea05181.
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A major trial was conducted to develop, test and demonstrate the application of Meat Standards Australia (MSA) research findings in a beef retailing environment. A new concept retail store was established whereby a mix of raw beef products and pre-cooked meals were merchandised under an eating quality grade defined by MSA palatability scores. Products were presented fully prepared within cooking method with pricing based on the predicted cooked results. Large price differentials were established between the three grades offered, with 5-star product priced at more than double the 3-star product. The principle of pricing being directly related to eating quality was extended from the retail store sales to fabrication and the purchase of source cattle from producers. This encouraged considerable innovation to optimise eating quality and returns, demonstrating the potential for truly transparent value-based pricing systems to achieve change. Novel systems were developed to break down and fabricate the carcass into ‘retail-ready’ product with extensive software development to trace the eating quality, value and location of individual cuts and products. Detailed feedback provided the producer with an accurate measure of value and sufficient data to evaluate possible alternative production strategies. Results at each level of the supply chain were encouraging with compound annual growth in sales exceeding 12% at retail level and continued innovation through fabrication and on-farm areas combining to improve eating quality and financial outcomes. It was demonstrated that the consumer focus delivered by MSA grades could be applied at a commercial level providing an opportunity to reposition beef as a contemporary consumer product and to implement a value-based system across all sectors.
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Kassler, M. "Robots and mining: the implications for Australian industry in the 1980's." Robotica 3, no. 1 (January 1985): 13–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574700001429.
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SummaryAfter elucidating the terms ‘mining’ and ‘robot’, a historical background to the problem of mining is described, with emphasis on the use of technology. Various reasons for the increasing utilisation of technology are discussed, as regards the mechanisation of existing operations and those unachievable without new technology. It is asserted that the mining industry has a number of particular features that make increasing mechanisation especially attractive. The point is made that the ultimate stage of the historical tendency towards the use of new technology is fully automatic mining, a goal that may not be realised, however, in the next decade.The above historical discussion is followed by a critical appraisal of the conservative nature of the Australian industry and the study of the various factors that contribute to the slow uptake of new technology in mining.Attention is then concentrated on the general problem of robots and mining. It is shown that worldwide there were no applications of robots to mining up to the end of 1981. A wide study has been carried out to identify some uses of robots in mining, but without success.The next topic to be discussed is the widespread confusion about robots and teleoperators. The fundamental difference between the two is underlined, and particular attention is paid to Thring's teleoperator mining concept (telechiric mining). It is emphasized that telechiric mining will have no significant impact upon Australian mining in this decade.These pessimistic asssessments are followed by claims that in some areas robotic concepts, though not robots themselves, could have a considerable effect on mining automation in the 1980's, both in Australia and elsewhere. The following projects are enumerated as possible candidates for applying robotic concepts: Surface mining; Mine development; Underground coal transport; Coal winning; Coal preparation. In order to make progress, it is recommended that a robotics expert ought to be included in the interdisciplinary teams studying the problem of mining automation.The last part of this paper is devoted to Australia's need for robotic mining. A list of systems involving robotic concepts is presented that may be realised in the current decade. It is maintained that Australia ought to develop a few of such systems for the domestic and international markets, and that the short-term needs of the Australian mining industry are fundamentally different from those of other Australian industries as regards robots. Hence, decisions regarding robots for mining should be made independently from those appertaining to automation problems of other industries.
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van Wagensveld, Steven, and Paul Garlick. "Optimiser: automated design and optimisation of CSG and water gathering systems." APPEA Journal 54, no. 2 (2014): 547. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj13120.
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The capital-intensive nature of CSG upstream-gathering systems and the need to optimise the cost of the facilities in this industry place great focus on their cost optimisation by operating companies and design contractors. CSG-gathering networks present an ideal opportunity for design optimisation as they are highly branched, consisting of tens or hundreds of individual pipeline segments between nodes, with a wide range of available pipeline sizes. Determination of line sizes in these complex systems is not intuitive; analytical methods of line size selection is time consuming and cannot guarantee that the most cost-effective permutation of line sizes is selected. This extended abstract presents a software tool developed by Fluor that automates the hydraulic design of the CSG and water-gathering systems and determines the optimal set of line sizes based on capital cost for almost any network-routing configuration. Monte Carlo analysis is used to model the uncertainty associated with gas and water production rates and a genetic algorithm is implemented to determine the set of gathering system line sizes that provide the maximum gas and associated water deliverability for the minimum installed cost. This tool is both fast and robust, and has been proven through its application on a major CSG development project in eastern Australia. The tool is also highly flexible; it can be tailored to project specific requirements, conditions, and inputs; and, it can be applied to networks other than CSG with similar challenges.
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Willink, R. J., and R. Lovibond. "TECHNOLOGY, TEAMWORK, RESPECT AND PERSISTENCE: INGREDIENTS OF SUCCESSFUL EXPLORATION IN THE ONSHORE OTWAY BASIN." APPEA Journal 41, no. 1 (2001): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj00003.
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Origin Energy Resources Limited has been an active explorer of the onshore Otway Basin in southeastern Australia for over a decade. Since 1989, the company has acquired 1,893 km and 358 sq km of 2D and 3D seismic data respectively, and participated in the drilling of 21 exploration and appraisal wells, 18 of which it operated, at a net cost of over $25 million.The primary exploration targets have been fluvial sandstones developed axially in a series of elongate half grabens that formed in initial response to the separation of the continents of Australia and Antarctica in the Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous. The most significant of these depocentres, in terms of established hydrocarbon potential, is the highly faulted, NW–SE trending Penola Trough where these reservoirs are informally referred to as the Sawpit Sandstone and the Pretty Hill Sandstone.As the company’s geological understanding of the Penola Trough improved over time, so its exploration efforts were rewarded with new commercial discoveries at Haselgrove, Haselgrove South and Redman, and through successful appraisal of Ladbroke Grove. With respect to the application of advanced technology, 2D and 3D seismic are now subjected to Prestack Depth Migration to improve imaging of the subsurface, and Amplitude Versus Offset, Seismic Variance, Seismic Attribute, Fault Analysis and 3D Visualisation processing and/or software are also used in an integrated manner to facilitate interpretation of these data sets. Nuclear magnetic resonance logs are run in most wells to characterise gas-bearing reservoirs.Technology, respect and persistence have all played key roles in optimising the exploration process. So too have corporate teamwork and collaborative research with representatives from academic institutions and government agencies, and with industry consultants and contractors. The complex interplay between many of these success factors is illustrated by way of a case history, specifically that of the discovery and commercialisation of a low quality gas resource at Ladbroke Grove.In the fullness of time, the company is confident that further exploration success in the onshore Otway Basin will see new market opportunities addressed in terms of both gas and electricity supply. It is also hopeful that oil will eventually be found in commercial quantities.
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Gunn, Chris, Matthew Hutchins, and Matt Adcock. "Combating Latency in Haptic Collaborative Virtual Environments." Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments 14, no. 3 (June 2005): 313–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/105474605323384663.
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Haptic (force) feedback is increasingly being used in surgical-training simulators. The addition of “touch” is important extra information that can add another dimension to the realism of the experience. Progress in networking these systems together over long distances has been held back, principally because the latency of the network can induce severe instability in any dynamic objects in the scene. This paper describes techniques allowing long-distance sharing of haptic-enabled, dynamic scenes. At the CSIRO Virtual Environments Laboratory, we have successfully used this system to connect a prototype of a surgical-simulation application between participants on opposite sides of the world in Sweden and Australia, over a standard Internet connection spanning 3 continents and 2 oceans. The users were able to simultaneously manipulate pliable objects in a shared workspace, as well as guide each other's “hands” (and shake hands!) over 22,000 km (13620 miles) of Internet connection. The main obstacle to overcome was the latency-induced instability in the system, caused by the delays and jitter inherent in the network. Our system involved a combination of an event-collection mechanism, a network event-forwarding mechanism and a “pseudophysics” mechanism. We found that the resulting behavior of the interconnected body organs, under simultaneous-user manipulation, was sufficiently convincing to be considered for training surgical procedures.
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Bates, Bryson C., Andrew J. Dowdy, and Lachlan McCaw. "A Bayesian approach to exploring the influence of climate variability modes on fire weather conditions and lightning-ignited wildfires." Climate Dynamics 57, no. 3-4 (April 25, 2021): 1207–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00382-021-05764-2.
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AbstractUnderstanding the relationships between large-scale, low-frequency climate variability modes, fire weather conditions and lighting-ignited wildfires has implications for fire-weather prediction, fire management and conservation. This article proposes a Bayesian network framework for quantifying the influence of climate modes on fire weather conditions and occurrence of lightning-ignited wildfires. The main objectives are to describe and demonstrate a probabilistic framework for identifying and quantifying the joint and individual relationships that comprise the climate-wildfire system; gain insight into potential causal mechanisms and pathways; gauge the influence of climate modes on fire weather and lightning-ignition relative to that of local-scale conditions alone; assess the predictive skill of the network; and motivate the use of techniques that are intuitive, flexible and for which user‐friendly software is freely available. A case study illustrates the application of the framework to a forested region in southwest Australia. Indices for six climate variability modes are considered along with two hazard variables (observed fire weather conditions and prescribed burn area), and a 41-year record of lightning-ignited wildfire counts. Using the case study data set, we demonstrate that the proposed framework: (1) is based on reasonable assumptions provided the joint density of the variables is converted to multivariate normal; (2) generates a parsimonious and interpretable network architecture; (3) identifies known or partially known relationships between the variables; (4) has potential to be used in a predictive setting for fire weather conditions; and (5) climate modes are more directly related to fire weather conditions than to lightning-ignition counts.
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Seigel, Harold O., Heikki Vanhala, and S. Nicholas Sheard. "Some case histories of source discrimination using time‐domain spectral IP." GEOPHYSICS 62, no. 5 (September 1997): 1394–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1444244.
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It has long been known that induced polarization (IP) transient voltages decay with time at a rate that is dependent strongly on the mean grain size of the metallic conducting particles in the IP source. The Cole‐Cole model provides a three‐parameter representation (M, τ and C) for IP responses. The time‐constant (τ), in particular, has been found to be very useful in resolving IP sources with differing mean particle size. The characterization of IP responses in terms of these parameters has been termed “spectral IP.” These parameters may be determined either through the analysis of the response of the earth to sequential transmission of ac currents of different frequencies (i.e., frequency‐domain IP), or through the analysis of the transient decays resulting from the transmission of interrupted square‐wave currents (i.e., time‐domain IP). The latter approach offers the major convenience of being applicable to data obtained in the course of routine production surveys, with no increase in survey time. In practice, spectral IP parameters are determined most readily from time‐domain transients through the computer matching of the observed data to the best fit in a family of precalculated Cole‐Cole curves. This may be done, off‐line, using a PC, or, in a recent receiver, essentially on‐line, using software imbedded in the receiver. Field case histories from Canada, Finland, and Australia are given to illustrate the application of spectral IP to the resolution of IP sources in the time domain. It is recommended that this approach to the processing and presentation of time‐domain IP data should be applied routinely, as a very cost‐effective enhancement to the exploration value of such data. An additional benefit from this presentation is that it will facilitate a sharing of experimental results with workers in the frequency domain who may also use the spectral IP approach.
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Moshi, Magdalena, Rebecca Tooher, and Tracy Merlin. "OP144 mHealth App Evaluation Framework For Reimbursement Decision-making." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 35, S1 (2019): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462319001703.
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IntroductionMobile health (mHealth) applications (app) are being integrated into healthcare by patients and practitioners in Australia. However, there are currently no policies or frameworks available that can be used to conduct a health technology assessment (HTA) on mHealth apps for reimbursement purposes. The aim of the study was to determine what policy changes and assessment criteria are needed to facilitate the development of a system that evaluates mobile medical apps for regulatory and reimbursement purposes in Australia.MethodsTo obtain the information to determine what policy changes are needed and create an evidence-based framework that can evaluate mHealth apps for reimbursement decision-making, four studies were conducted. This research included (i) a policy analysis on international mHealth app regulation; (ii) a case study on American and Australian app regulation; (iii) a methodological systematic review on the suitability of current mHealth evaluation frameworks for reimbursement purposes; and (iv) the identification of HTA pathways and impediments to app reimbursement through stakeholder interviews. An evaluation framework for apps was created by combining and synthesizing the results.ResultsSoftware changes, connectivity, and cybersecurity need to be considered when evaluating mHealth apps for reimbursement purposes. Additionally, the potential dangers of apps providing misinformation, and poor software reliability in current regulation must be considered. Stakeholders indicated that they trust how traditional medical devices are currently appraised for reimbursement in Australia. They expressed caution around the lack of clarity regarding who is responsible for app quality as well as concerns about the digital literacy of medical practitioners and their patients.ConclusionsSince stakeholder trust in the current HTA process for medical devices in Australia is high, the process was adapted to create an evaluation framework for mHealth apps. The adaptations included making provisions for cybersecurity, software updates, and compatibility issues. Provisions to address concerns around practitioner responsibility and misinformation were incorporated into the framework.
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Ziegler, Tim, Jessica Day, Karina Herbu, and Marie Blyth-McHale. "Efficient Digitisation of Unaccessioned Specimens in a Large Vertebrate Fossil Collection to Enhance Data Quality and Mitigate Risk." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 2 (June 13, 2018): e26653. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.26653.
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The Museums Victoria (NMV) Vertebrate Palaeontology Collection holds more than 130,000 specimens, including the single largest collection of vertebrate fossils from the state of Victoria, Australia. Accessioned specimens make up around one third of the collection; however, few of the other, unaccessioned specimens have been catalogued. Vertebrate fossil accession at NMV is carried out in three stages: registration under a permanent specimen number, entry into the database software catalogue Axiell EMu, and barcode-based location tracking using a handheld device linked to an online application (http://mvwise.museum.vic.gov.au). In the past, unregistered specimens have been catalogued or location- tracked only infrequently, and the scale of legacy subcollections makes full registration an impractical goal for unaccessioned specimens. Accurate knowledge of unaccessioned specimens is essential to estimate collection size and composition, and predict future resource needs. Where such knowledge is held by staff but not documented, there is a persistent risk of dissociation or loss. Further, having accessible digital records greatly enhances data discoverability for research and exhibition users. We describe an EMu-based workflow for unaccessioned specimens in the NMV Vertebrate Palaeontology Collection, which newly documents and tracks specimens without the time burden of prior accession protocols. Minimum-data EMu catalogue records are generated from a handheld MVWISE scanner (based on Apple mobile hardware), with photographs that include the specimen along with any existing metadata or context. These records are immediately linked to trackable barcodes associated with storage locations. Subsequently, relevant taxonomic, stratigraphic or historical information can be cross-referenced to catalogue records en masse, either directly or using import functions. This metadata is accessed efficiently from within Axiell EMu via the specimen photographs, rather than requiring a subsequent physical search. The risks mitigable by this project are discussed, as are reasons commonly cited for not accessioning specimens, and dilemmas and consequences arising from the new approach. We also provide guidance on the rates of data generation, the required and recommended resources to be used, and forecast practical benefits in discovery and use for the collection.
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Xie, Hualin, Yanwei Zhang, Zhilong Wu, and Tiangui Lv. "A Bibliometric Analysis on Land Degradation: Current Status, Development, and Future Directions." Land 9, no. 1 (January 19, 2020): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land9010028.
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Land degradation is a global issue receiving much attention currently. In order to objectively reveal the research situation of land degradation, bibliometrix and biblioshiny software packages have been used to conduct data mining and quantitative analysis on research papers in the fields of land degradation during 1990–2019 (data update time was 8 April 2019) in the Web of Science core collection database. The results show that: (1) during the past 20 years, the number of papers on land degradation has increased. According to the number of articles, it is divided into four stages: a low-production exploration period, a developmental sprout period, expansion of the promotion period, and a high-yield active period. (2) Land-degradation research covers 93 countries or regions. The top five countries in terms of research volume are China, the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, and Australia. China, the United States, and the United Kingdom are the most important countries for international cooperation in the field of land degradation. However, cooperation between countries is not very close overall. (3) Land degradation, degradation, desertification, remote sensing, soil erosion, and soil degradation are high-frequency keywords in the field of land degradation in recent years. (4) The research hotspots in the field of land degradation mainly focus on research directions such as restoration and reconstruction of land degradation, and sustainable management of land resources. (5) The themes of various periods in the field of land degradation are diversified, and the evolutionary relationship is complex. There are 15 evolutionary paths with regard to dynamic monitoring of land degradation, environmental governance of land degradation, and responses of land degradation to land-use change. Finally, the paper concludes that the research directions on land degradation in future include the process, mechanism, and effect of land degradation, the application of new technologies, new monitoring methods for land degradation, theory enhancement, methods and models of ecological restoration, reconstruction of degraded land, multidisciplinary integrated system research, constructing a policy guarantee system for the reconstruction of degraded land, and strengthening research on land resource engineering.
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Chothani, Foram, Vinit Movaliya, Khushboo Vaghela, Maitreyi Zaveri, Shrikalp Deshpande, and Niranjan Kanki. "Regulatory Prospective on Software as a Medical Device." International Journal of Drug Regulatory Affairs 10, no. 4 (December 15, 2022): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/ijdra.v10i4.545.
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Software is becoming increasingly important in medical devices and digital adoption more broadly. It is becoming more important as a medical device in its own right. (1) Currently the use of software in medical market is growing exponentially and many countries have already set guidelines for quality control and clinical evaluation for SaMD. Millions of users use AI based medical device for the diagnosis & Management of diseases. Regulation for the SaMD, IMDRF published guidance document in 2013, in EU they are regulated by EMA, in Australia they are regulated by TGA and in Canada they are regulated by Health Canada. Regulations of these countries and IMDRF were reviewed and articles of challenges in artificial intelligence based medical devices reviewed. There are also many challenges like cybersecurity, safety, and decommissioning, high cost of device and also the design and development process. The objective is to focus on SaMD’s regulations and Challenges.
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Berger, Tyrone. "Designing GUIs: current treatment of virtual or non-physical designs in Australia." Queen Mary Journal of Intellectual Property 9, no. 1 (February 2019): 92–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/qmjip.2019.01.05.
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Virtual or non-physical designs (referred to as ‘graphical user interfaces’ (GUIs) and screen icons) are important design elements in many modern products. The widespread adoption of touch screen technologies, for example, means that software applications running on computer hardware are now used to provide user interface functionality, in some cases even providing an identity for the product. The fact that these visual features are only present when the function is active should not detract from the importance of those features to both the visual appeal and functionality of the device from a user's perspective. In recent years, GUIs and screen icons have been increasingly lodged as registered design applications. However, registrability (in the sense of compliance with substantive design law) is not considered during IP Australia's registration process, and, as such, GUIs and screen icons are appearing on the designs register without undergoing substantive examination. In many cases their status in Australia's designs system is currently uncertain. This article considers the background to this subject in Australia, and suggests how the substantive design law requirements and practice could be recast in light of the increase in non-physical designs being registered. Lastly, some concluding remarks are offered that may go some way towards initiating a broader conversation about the role of design protection in the new ‘experience age’.
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Aurum, Aybüke, Farhad Daneshgar, and James Ward. "Investigating Knowledge Management practices in software development organisations – An Australian experience." Information and Software Technology 50, no. 6 (May 2008): 511–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.infsof.2007.05.005.
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