Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Application optique'
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Bosc, Dominique. "Polymères et transmission optique : application aux fibres optiques multimodes et monomodes." Montpellier 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON20066.
Full textLesecq, Marie. "Fonctionnalités actives en optique intégrée à base de fils optiques en filière InP : application à la commutation optique." Lille 1, 2007. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2007/50376-2007-127.pdf.
Full textCoda, V. "Solitons optiques spatiaux Kerr et photoreactifs : propriétés fondamentales et application à l'adressage optique." Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00373624.
Full textCoda, Virginie. "Solitons optiques spatiaux Kerr et photoréfractifs : propriétés fondamentales et application à l'adessage optique." Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00137257.
Full textLa première partie présente des résultats sur les solitons Kerr, aux longueurs d'onde des télécommunications, formés dans des guides plans basés sur le semiconducteur AlGaAs. Nous avons montré que les absorptions non linéaires, bien que faibles, influencent de manière déterminante l'autofocalisation des faisceaux. Par ailleurs, nous avons déterminé expérimentalement les durées d'impulsions compatibles avec la génération de
solitons. Une propagation solitonique a été obtenue sur une distance de 17 longueurs de diffraction.
Dans une seconde partie, nous avons étudié un nouveau type de soliton brillant bidimensionnel, le soliton photoréfractif-photovoltaïque avec champ appliqué dans le LiNbO3. Ce soliton est caractérisé par l'application d'un champ électrique qui s'oppose à l'effet photovoltaïque intrinsèque au matériau afin de produire un effet non linéaire focalisant. En accord avec le modèle semi-analytique et les simulations numériques développés, les expériences réalisées montrent que ces solitons constituent une technique simple pour générer des guides à symétrie circulaire, droits ou courbes, utilisables aux longueurs d'onde du visible mais également dans l'infrarouge.
Enfin, nous avons testé les potentialités des solitons
pour l'adressage optique à travers deux applications. La première a permis de vérifier les capacités des solitons Kerr dans AlGaAs pour des interconnexions rapidement reconfigurables. Dans une seconde configuration, un composant d'optique intégrée 3-D remplissant la fonction de routage 1 vers 4 a été réalisé dans le LiNbO3 à l'aide de solitons photoréfractifs.
Coda, Virginie. "Solitons optiques spatiaux kerr et photoréfractifs : propriétés fondamentales et application à l'adressage optique." Besançon, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BESA2065.
Full textBehlouli, Abdeslam. "Simulation du canal optique sans fil. Application aux télécommunications optique sans fil." Thesis, Poitiers, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016POIT2308/document.
Full textThe context of this PhD thesis falls within the scope of optical wireless communications for applications in indoor environments. To discuss the performance of an optical wireless link, it is necessary to establish a characteristic study of the behavior of the optical wave propagation channel. This study can be realized by measurement or by the simulation of the channel impulse response. After describing the composition of an optical wireless link and reviewing existing simulation methods, we present our new simulation algorithms channel in realistic environments by focusing on their performances in terms of accuracy and their complexity in terms of computation time. These methods are based on solving the light transport equations by ray-tracing techniques associated with stochastic Monte Carlo integration methods. The classical version of these methods is the basis of three proposed simulation algorithms. By applying an optimization using Markov Chain, we present two new algorithms. A performance assessment of our simulation algorithms is established in mono and multi-antenna scenarios of our simulation algorithms. Finally, we present the application of these algorithms for characterizing the impact of the simulation environment on the performances of a visible light communication link. We particularly focus on the transmitter models, surface coating materials, obstruction of the user's body and its mobility, and the geometry of the simulation scene
Schwartz, Noah. "Précompensation des effets de la turbulence par optique adaptative : application aux liaisons optiques en espace libre." Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00771276.
Full textDecombe, Jean-Baptiste. "Développement et application d’une pince optique à fibres nano-structurées." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAY035/document.
Full textOptical tweezers allow to trap and manipulate objects without any mechanical contact with light and with an extreme accuracy. This non-invasive and non-destructive technique is of large interest in many scientific domains such as biophysics and medicine. Conventional optical tweezers use a laser beam which is strongly focalised by a microscope objective.The use of optical fibers attracts increasing attention as highly flexible and compact tools for particle trapping. Fiber-based optical tweezers do not require bulky optics and require only little alignments.In this context, the objective of this thesis was to develop a dual fiber nano-tip optical tweezers in order to trap particles with micro and nano-meter sizes. Our tweezers consist of two chemically etched optical fiber tips placed in front of each other with typical gaps from 20~nm to 20~µm. This dual contra-propagative beams configuration allow to cancel light radiation pressure. Efficient trapping can thus be obtained at relative low light intensities. Moreover, strong focusing is not required. Our device present an high flexibility due to in situ optimization and control of the fibre positions and individual particle manipulation without any substrate.During our work, we experimentally demonstrated stable and reproducible trapping of one or several particles in suspension. Various dielectric particles were trapped, from one micrometer polystyrene beads to luminescent YAG:Ce particles with diameters down to 60~nm. During this thesis, the latter were specifically elaborated and optimized for the optical trapping. We also measured optical forces applied to trapped particles by analysing their residual Brownian motion. We showed the trapping potential is of harmonic shape, allowing to define its optical stiffness.vspace{10pt}Finally, by modifying the emitted optical beam shape, we were able to improve specific tweezers characteristics. On one hand, nondiffracting quasi-Bessel beams allow us to get a stable trapping at large fiber-to-fiber distances.On the other hand, the use of metallised fiber tips allows to improve the beam confinement and enhance optical forces while reducing light intensity. We proved the near-field coupling between two metallised tips which were especially elaborated in this work. Those last results open promising perspectives for the development of plasmonic tweezers working in the near-field, which are especially well adapted for nano-particles trapping
Xu, Qing. "Détection Optique Homodyne: application à la cryptographie quantique." Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 2009. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00005580.
Full textDOARE, PHILIPPE. "Application du verrouillage par injection optique de deux lasers semiconducteurs a une transmission optique coherente." Besançon, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BESA2022.
Full textLafaille, David. "Tomographie optique cohérente et optique adaptative : étude d' un prototype d' application à l' ophtalmologie." Paris 7, 2005. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00010421.
Full textSaublet, Jérôme. "Optique non-linéaire et propriétés dynamiques des composants IB/ISB sur InP, Application aux télécommunications optiques." Thesis, Rennes, INSA, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ISAR0017/document.
Full textThis PhD thesis presents the study of some dynamics and nonlinear properties of III-V semiconductors and their use for optical processing in high-speed telecommunication networks. lt is decomposed into two major axes. The first is related to the coupled use of inter-band (18) and inter-subband (IS8) transitions. The differences between these two types of transitions, in terms of dynamics and sensitivity to polarization, make 18 I IS8 components good candidates for advanced processing functions. In this context, we have realized and characterized a new device based on lnGaAs I AIAsSb quantum wells on lnP substrate inserted in a pn junction. The first results obtained indicate a behaviour of diode but reveal that the space charge region is shifted. This is linked to a probable unintentional doping of AIAsSb. The measurement of the photocurrent according to the electrical polarization reveals a transport via a PooleFrenkel effect and shows the effectiveness of the AIAsSb potential barriers. These results allow us to consider both purely optical applications (phase modulation or cross intensity ... ) and optoelectronic applications (photo-detection with two photons). The second axis consists in the study and the realization of an advanced characterization tool to measure the phase/amplitude dynamics and the non-linear responses of such components. We have used a pump-probe measurement set-up employing an optical configuration similar to a Sagnac interferometer. lt offers both a great mechanical stability for high measurement accuracy and the possibility of using polarimetric properties in order to extract variations of the optical index (gain and refractive index) for a more complete study of the properties of the material. The use of a sub-picosecond laser source allows us to solve phenomena at short times. A first demonstration of the phaseamplitude variation measurement on a single absorber (lnGaAs / lnP multiwells) around 1.5microns is presented
Dazzi, Alexandre. "Caractérisations optiques de guides d'ondes planaires photoréfractifs : application aux dispositifs intégrés de traitement optique de l'information." Dijon, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998DIJOS046.
Full textJin, Guanghai. "Nouvelles techniques de modélisation optique : application à quelques composants d'optique intégrée." Lille 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LIL10212.
Full textBelhadj, Miled Othman. "Contribution a l'etude du couplage elasto-optique dans une fibre optique en vue d'une application capteur." Paris 6, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA066054.
Full textBlanchard, Pierre. "Mesure des réflexions sur fibre optique par réflectométrie optique temporelle : Application aux réseaux de capteurs analogiques." Limoges, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LIMO0120.
Full textBelhadj, Miled Othman. "Contribution à l'étude du couplage élasto-optique dans une fibre optique en vue d'une application capteur." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376117013.
Full textBigué, Laurent. "Reconnaissance des formes en temps réel par voie optique : étude comparative d'implantations optiques de filtres de corrélation : application au corrélateur optique à transformée de Fourier conjointe." Mulhouse, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MULH0445.
Full textMével, Yves. "Étude d'une cellule acousto-optique à multi-transducteurs : Application à un dispositif de commutation de paquets optiques." Brest, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BRES2025.
Full text@This work deals with the theoretical study and experimental characterisations of an optical packet switch for telecommunication networks at a 1. 55 æm wavelength. This switch is based on acousto-optic interaction. This manuscript is decomposed in four parts: the presentation of different technologies of optical packet switching ; the remind of the physic of acousto-optic deflexion and all critical parameters of our component ; the study of two different architectures, and the conception of a component in which two deflectors are created and superimposed applying simultaneously two RF signals on a phased array transducers. An acousto-optic switch have been built with Paratellurite TeO2. The static performances of this component were evaluated on an experimental set-up ; the measurements make appear an important signal to noise ratio (SNR) and a low dependence according to the optical polarisation
Hamel, Philippe. "Réflectométrie optique faiblement cohérente sensible à la phase : principe et application à l'étude de composants optiques innovants." Paris, ENST, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ENST0055.
Full textThe purpose of this work is to use the phase-sensitive Optical Low-Coherence Reflectometry (OLCR) method in order to study and characterize a large panel of innovative photonic components. We aim at showing that phase sensitive OLCR can bring several answers to key issues regarding the physics of such components. We will first define a frame to this study by presenting the physical properties useful to the understanding of it and by presenting a non-complete state of the art of the existing characterization methods in order to determine the role and the specificities of the OLCR. We will then show the OLCR technique itself. We will describe its theoretical principle, its applications and its limitations. Eventually, we will present several results for the different compnents that have been studied. Starting with optical fibers we will present some measurements of the index/amplification relation in an Erbium doped fiber amplifier, the analysis of the spatial evolution of the optical parameters of a micro-structured fiber or the characterization of the dispersion values of the modes of a multi-mode fiber. The second part will concentrate on the characterization of photonic crystal slab waveguides and, more specifically, the link between slow light effects and scattering in those guides. We will try in each of these studies to define clearly the context and the aims before summing up these resutls and presneting future perspectives
Kervella, Pierre. "Interférométrie optique avec le VLT : application aux étoiles Céphéides." Paris 7, 2001. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00258928.
Full textElsabban, Salwa Ahmed Fouad. "T-magique en optique intégrée : application à l'interférométrie stellaire." Grenoble INPG, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001INPG0111.
Full textFAYE, MARIE EMILIENNE. "Analyse radiofrequence acousto-optique application a la spectrometrie heterodyne." Reims, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999REIMS017.
Full textYaacoub, Rouba. "Résonance optique par effet tunnel en optique atmosphérique : application aux observations par satellite des gouttelettes de nuages." Thesis, Lille 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIL1R001.
Full textThe light interaction with a homogeneous dielectric spherical scatterer (e.g. cloud droplet) of known characteristics (diameter, optical index) is treated, in atmospheric optics, by the Mie's theory. This theory serves, also, in remote sensing to retrieve physical properties of scatterers (inverse problem). Recent studies have showed the importance of tunneling effects in atmospheric optics. They have attribute the implication of tunneling effects in the atmospheric glory which is the circular iridescence that form around the projected shadow of an object on a cloud of water droplets. Precisely, light can penetrate by tunneling into a droplet and produces sharp resonances. According to these studies, the Mie's theory , as used in atmospheric optic, seems to neglect such effects. We have called these resonances by the acronym TOR (Tunneling Optical Resonance). In this thesis, we show that TOR can be solved using a one-dimensional Schrödinger equation with an effective potential energy that characterizes the light-droplet interaction and that depends on the refractive index, diameter of the droplet and the incident light's energy. The first main purpose of this thesis is to identify the concept of tunneling and the necessity to introduce it in the Mie's theory. In order to reach this goal, a new method (called transfer matrix method -- TMM) is developed that takes into account the TOR, and allows the identification of the conditions for which TOR occur. The second main purpose, is to compare this method to the Mie's theory and illustrates the differences between them. Our findings show the similarity of the two methods in the case of non-TOR occurrences and disagreement otherwise. This study is performed upon two different cases: (1) a single droplet with a specific diameter and incident energy; (2) a cloud droplet population with a range of diameters from 5 microns to 30 micron for the incident energies of the nine channels (from IR to UV) of the POLDER sensor. For both (1) and (2), cross sections (scattering, extinction and absorption) and the angular distributions of ²the scattered intensity are compared when taking into account the TOR and without considering them. The results are promising and presents a new aspect for addressing light-droplet interaction in atmospheric optics that may affect the inversion problem treatments in remote sensing
Horache, El-Houssine. "Corrélation optique multiplexe basée sur la modulation spatiale de cohérence d'une source à spectre large : application à la reconnaissance des formes." Marne-la-Vallée, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MARN0107.
Full textLazoul, Mohamed. "Etude de la génération paramétrique optique dans les cristaux photoniques non linéaires : application aux sources multilongueurs d'onde." Paris 13, 2013. http://scbd-sto.univ-paris13.fr/secure/edgalilee_th_2013_lazoul.pdf.
Full textThe aim behind this work is to propose new solutions based on nonlinear optics to design flexible and highly efficient multiwavelength coherent sources. We are particularly interested on multiple wavelength generation by means of optical parametric conversion in second order nonlinear photonic crystals. For this purpose, we have designed and fabricated second order nonlinear photonic crystals. Firstly, we have considered the case of non collinear quasi-phase matching in 1D-PPLT crystals. We have studied multiple non collinear interactions versus the photonic crystal’s parameters. The generated wavelengths are spatially distributed at symmetrical positions around the non collinear direction. Secondly, we have studied the case of multiple quasi-phase matching in 2D nonlinear photonic crystals. We have demonstrated multiwavelength non collinear generation in 2D-PPLT crystals. In order to design an efficient multiwavelength optical source we have designed and achieved a singly resonant optical parametric oscillator based on 2D-PPLT crystals
DESFORGES, FRANCOIS-XAVIER. "Application de la reflectometrie optique temporelle a l'interrogation d'un reseau de capteurs tout ou rien a fibres optiques." Limoges, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LIMO0051.
Full textSanchez, Perez Célia. "Dispositifs optiques intègrés hybrides, verre / polymère électro-optique : applicationà un polariseur et à un modulateur de phase." Grenoble INPG, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000INPG0159.
Full textSheng, Yunlong. "Processeur optique de traitement en temps réel d'images vidéo : Application au calcul optique des moments bidimensionnels des images." Besançon, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986BESA2032.
Full textSheng, Yunlong. "Processeur optique de traitement en temps réel d'images vidéo application au calcul optique des moments bidimensionnels des images /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37601190p.
Full textLaude, Vincent. "Corrélation optique optimale et application aux architectures cohérentes et incohérentes." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 1994. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00143607.
Full textNous proposons une technique d'optimisation des filtres de corrélation adaptée aux architectures optiques. Cette méthode est fondée sur une optimisation multi-critères, effectuée sous contrainte d'implantation optique. Nous illustrons les performances des filtres ainsi obtenus pour les architectures de corrélation cohérente par synthèse de pupille et par transformation de Fourier conjointe, ainsi que pour l'architecture de corrélation incohérente par ombroscopie.
Si les architectures de corrélation optique par synthèse de pupille cohérente et par transformation de Fourier conjointe ont suscité un intérêt important ces dernières années, il n'en va pas de même pour l'architecture de corrélation incohérente par ombroscopie. Différents auteurs ont jugé les performances de cette architecture trop faibles en comparaison de celles des architectures cohérentes, à la suite de quoi elle a été quasiment abandonnée. Une grande part de notre travail a donc été consacrée à une ``réhabilitation'' de cette architecture à la lumière des nouveaux composants.
Nous présentons une analyse détaillée de la corrélation optique incohérente suivant le principe de l'ombroscopie. Nous montrons comment réaliser des compromis entre les effets antagonistes dûs à la diffraction et aux non-uniformités photométriques. Nous appliquons expérimentalement notre méthode d'optimisation multi-critères suivant un schéma bipolaire. Ces filtres bipolaires nous permettent d'obtenir de très bonnes performances.
Le, Bouquin Jean-Baptiste. "Imagerie par synthèse d'ouverture optique, application aux étoiles chimiquement particulières." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011472.
Full textL'imagerie par synthese d'ouverture est le prolongement naturel de ces methodes differentielles. Cependant son application aux toiles Ap necessite simultanment une forte couverture du plan (u,v), une haute resolution spectrale et eventuellement une analyse de la polarisation. Dans ce contexte d'un interferometre spectro-imageur a grand nombre de telescopes (proposition VITRUV), je confirme l'interet de l'optique planaire par des observations au VLTI. J'etudie differents concepts de recombinaison et compare leurs performances. Enfin, j'ebauche l'analyse de la polarisation instrumentale et en deduit les specifications pour un mode polarimetrique au VLTI.
Bougrenet, de la Tocnaye Jean-Louis de. "Vers une genèse des ondes sphéroïdales : application au domaine optique." Toulon, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985TOUL0002.
Full textLAUDE, VINCENT. "Correlation optique optimale et application aux architectures coherentes et incoherentes." Paris 11, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA112413.
Full textReznychenko, Bogdan. "Optique quantique des atomes unidimensionnels, avec application aux interfaces spinphoton." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAY079/document.
Full textQuantum phenomena give rise to new and revolutionary possibilities in the fields of computation and cryptography. The problems that are unsolvable with classical means are expected to be solved by quantum computers, and communication becomes absolutely secure, if it is encoded in a state of a quantum system. A large effort has been recently paid to research of deterministic transfer of information between photons and atoms, acting as flying and stationary quantum bits respectively. The interaction between these two components is enhanced, if they are put in a unidimensional medium, realizing a so called "1D atom". The study of this specific optical medium and its applications to quantum technologies constitutes the objective of this thesis.First, we explore the light-matter interface realized as a 1D atom, with a semiconductor quantum dot in a micropillar cavity as an example. We study the coherent control of this system with light pulses in order to find an optimal way to control its state, varying the power, shape and duration of a pulse and statistics of the state of light field. We also study the impact of the 1D atom on the state of the reflected field as a function of parameters of the experimental device, describing the filtering of single photon Fock state from incident pulse.We continue with the study of the quantum state of the scattered light field, focusing on its purity. This is required to faithfully transmit the superposition state of one stationary qubit to another using light as a flying quantum bit. We develop a method to experimentally characterize the purity, and apply it to experimental data, showing that the state of art technology allows to create high-purity superpositions.Finally, we focus on the readout of a stationary qubit based on a single spin in a unidimensional environment. We study how to efficiently use polarized light for this purpose, showing that it is possible to readout the spin state, by detection of only one photon. We explore different deviations from this optimal regime. We also study the decoherence of the spin state due to interaction with the light field and the back-action of the measurement, showing that it is possible to freeze the spin state due to the quantum Zeno effect, which allows the preparation of the qubit, based on it, in an arbitrary superposition state. This opens perspectives towards efficient realization of stationary quantum bits based on single spins embedded in unidimensional electromagnetic environment
Ambs, Pierre. "Traitement de l'information par processeurs optiques : application à la reconnaissance de formes." Mulhouse, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987MULH0049.
Full textDOUILLET, ALBANE. "Oscillateur parametrique optique, en regime continu, diviseur coherent de frequence par trois : application a la metrologie des frequences optiques." Paris 11, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA112179.
Full textBenatsou, Mohamed. "Elaboration par voie sol-gel et caractérisation de guides d'ondes optiques dopés aux ions erbium : application à l'amplification optique." Lille 1, 1998. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1998/50376-1998-221.pdf.
Full textFRISON, THIERRY. "Amplification optique d'une source a faible coherence temporelle : application a l'amplification optique de liaisons multiplexees en modulation de coherence." Besançon, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BESA2035.
Full textStojcevski, Dragan. "Développement d'un contrôle optique multicritère : application à la détermination d'indice in situ." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ECDM0003/document.
Full textThe performances of complex interference filters meets today to exigent specifications and permit to enhance the physical limits of optical instruments in which they are integrated. During the manufacturing of a filter, it is obviously important to monitor with very high accuracy (typically sub-nanometric) the thickness of the deposited layers. This requires the use of an in situ measurement of the optical characteristics of the multilayer during the process.In the framework of this thesis, we have developed a new optical monitoring system which makes possible to achieve the simultaneous measurement of the transmittance of a multilayer filter, on one hand at a single wavelength defined by the user in the spectral range between 350 nm and 1000 nm (monochromatic monitoring with a resolution of 0.35 mm), and on the other hand on this whole spectral range at single shot (broadband monitoring with a resolution of 3 nm). These two measurements are made in 6 milliseconds at a rate of 2 Hz (corresponding to the rotation speed of the substrate holder), and are perfectly synchronized. In addition, the substrate holder tray is designed with a reference channel corresponding to a void position (without sample). Thanks to that configuration the monitoring system has a very high stability and accuracy better than 0.001. Finally, a numerical method has been developed to enable the comparison of the results provided by the two acquisition channels (monochromatic and broadband) taking into account the difference of their spectral resolution.This system opens the way for the use of several independent criteria to determine in real time the exact moment when the deposition of a layer must be stopped (turning point monitoring, trigger point monitoring, broadband monitoring, achievement with time monitoring using an optical in situ determination of the deposition rate). So this is indeed an all optical multi-criteria monitoring systems.This first application of this system has involved the determination of the optical constants (refractive index and extinction coefficient) of a high index dielectric material: the tantalum pentoxide. The method used is based on a recording of the evolution of the transmitted spectrum of a witness sample during the growth of the layer (broadband channel) and a processing, wavelength by wavelength, of the timing data profile of that evolution. This new method does not require any descriptive spectral dependence law for each of the two optical constants. It also paves the way for an analysis of the behavior of the refractive index of a layer in function of the thickness. Finally, it is applicable to low index materials, such as, for example, silica
Kervella, Pierre. "Interférométrie optique avec le Very Large Telescope - Application aux étoiles Céphéides." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00258928.
Full textDans une seconde partie, j'aborde l'étude des étoiles variables Céphéides par interférométrie. Ces étoiles pulsantes jouent un rôle primordial dans l'estimation des distances astronomiques depuis qu'il a été établi que leur période de variation était liée à leur luminosité intrinsèque par la célèbre relation période-luminosité. Leur observation photométrique permet donc de calculer directement leur distance. Toutefois, notre connaissance du point zéro de cette relation est encore imparfaite, car elle repose sur la mesure des distances aux Céphéides galactiques les plus proches, encore mal connues. La très haute résolution angulaire apportée par l'instrument VINCI et le VLTI permettra bientôt l'étude fine de la pulsation de ces étoiles. Par la mesure simultanée de la vitesse radiale de pulsation et de la variation du diamètre angulaire de l'étoile, il sera possible de calculer directement la distance aux Céphéides les plus proches, et donc d'étalonner la relation période-luminosité. L'enjeu de ce programme : la calibration de cette relation avec une précision de 0,01 magnitude, soit un gain d'un facteur dix par rapport à notre connaissance actuelle.
Au-delà de ce programme fondamental, je décris également les possibilités offertes par VINCI dans le domaine de l'étude des étoiles naines de la séquence principale, notamment de type solaire (avec application au couple d'étoiles Alpha Centauri A et B), et j'aborde brièvement l'étude des exoplanètes.
Bassil, Nathalie. "Système de biopuce optique en temps réel : application au diagnostic génétique." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00008933.
Full textDefontaine-Caritu, Marielle. "Reconstruction optique de tomographies : application à la tomographie ultrasonore en réflexion." Compiègne, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995COMPD814.
Full textGendron, Eric. "Optimisation de la commande modale en optique adaptative : application a l'astronomie." Paris 7, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA077030.
Full textGILLES, HERVE. "Pompage optique de #4he en lumiere modulee : application a la magnetometrie." Caen, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992CAEN2016.
Full textGnanvo, Kondo. "Etude d'un capteur optique de grandes dimensions : application à la focométrie." Brest, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001BRES2017.
Full textTremblay, Gérard. "Cartographie électro-optique de tension : application au test des circuits imprimés." Grenoble INPG, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988INPG0134.
Full textMoisan, Frédéric. "Optimisation du contraste image en microscopie optique : application à l'inspection microélectronique." Grenoble 1, 1988. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00331501.
Full textMoisan, Frédéric. "Optimisation du contraste image en microscopie optique application à l'inspection microélectronique /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37616602c.
Full textTremblay, Gérard. "Cartographie électro-optique de tension application au test de circuits imprimés /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376189527.
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