Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Application de base de Gröbner'
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Sénéchaud, Pascale. "Calcul formel et parallélisme : bases de Gröbner booléennes, méthodes de calcul : applications, parallélisation." Grenoble INPG, 1990. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00337227.
Full textGarcía, Fontán Jorge. "Singularity and Stability Analysis of vision-based controllers." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUS015.
Full textThe objective of this PhD thesis is to explore the failure cases of Image-Based Visual Servoing (IBVS), a class of Robotics controllers based on computer vision data. The failure cases arise from two sources: the singularities of the governing kinematic equations, and the existance of multiple stable points of equilibrium, which impacts the global asymptotic stability of the control laws. In this thesis, we study these two problems from a rigurous mathematical perspective and with the help of exact computational tools from algebraic geometry and computer algebra. Two main objectives were achieved. The first is to determine the conditions for singularity for the interaction model related to the observation of more than three straight lines in space, which extends the previous existing results for three lines. The second is the computation of the critical points (the equilibrium points) of IBVS in the observation of four reference points, as a first step towards an analysis of the global stability behaviour of visual servoing
Verron, Thibaut. "Régularisation du calcul de bases de Gröbner pour des systèmes avec poids et déterminantiels, et application en imagerie médicale." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066355.
Full textPolynomial system solving is a problem with numerous applications, and Gröbner bases are an important tool in this context. Previous studies have shown that systèmes arising in applications usually exhibit more structure than arbitrary systems, and that these structures can be used to make computing Gröbner bases easier.In this thesis, we consider two examples of such structures. First, we study weighted homogeneous systems, which are homogeneous if we give to each variable an arbitrary degree. This structure appears naturally in many applications, including a cryptographical problem (discrete logarithm). We show how existing algorithms, which are efficient for homogeneous systems, can be adapted to a weighted setting, and generically, we show that their complexity bounds can be divided by a factor polynomial in the product of the weights.Then we consider a real roots classification problem for varieties defined by determinants. This problem has a direct application in control theory, for contrast optimization in magnetic resonance imagery. This specific system appears to be out of reach of existing algorithms. We show how these algorithms can benefit from the determinantal structure of the system, and as an illustration, we answer the questions from the application to contrast optimization
Verron, Thibaut. "Régularisation du calcul de bases de Gröbner pour des systèmes avec poids et déterminantiels, et application en imagerie médicale." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066355/document.
Full textPolynomial system solving is a problem with numerous applications, and Gröbner bases are an important tool in this context. Previous studies have shown that systèmes arising in applications usually exhibit more structure than arbitrary systems, and that these structures can be used to make computing Gröbner bases easier.In this thesis, we consider two examples of such structures. First, we study weighted homogeneous systems, which are homogeneous if we give to each variable an arbitrary degree. This structure appears naturally in many applications, including a cryptographical problem (discrete logarithm). We show how existing algorithms, which are efficient for homogeneous systems, can be adapted to a weighted setting, and generically, we show that their complexity bounds can be divided by a factor polynomial in the product of the weights.Then we consider a real roots classification problem for varieties defined by determinants. This problem has a direct application in control theory, for contrast optimization in magnetic resonance imagery. This specific system appears to be out of reach of existing algorithms. We show how these algorithms can benefit from the determinantal structure of the system, and as an illustration, we answer the questions from the application to contrast optimization
Ars, Gwénolé. "Applications des bases de Gröbner à la cryptograhie." Rennes 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005REN1S039.
Full textVilanova, Fábio Fontes. "Sistemas de equações polinomiais e base de Gröbner." Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 2015. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/6524.
Full textO objetivo principal desse trabalho é, usando bases de Gröbner, apresentar um método algébrico capaz de determinar a solução, quando existir, de sistemas de equações polinomiais não necessariamente lineares. Para tanto, necessitamos inicialmente apresentar alguns conceitos e teoremas ligados a anéis de polinômios com várias indeterminadas e de ideais monomiais, dentre os quais destacamos o algoritmo extendido da divisão, o teorema da Base de Hilbert e o algoritmo de Buchberger. Além disso, usando noções básicas da Teoria de eliminação e extensão, apresentamos uma solução algébrica para o problema da coloração de mapas usando três cores, bem como um solução geral para o puzzle Sudoku.
Xiu, Xingqiang [Verfasser], and Martin [Akademischer Betreuer] Kreuzer. "Non-commutative Gröbner Bases and Applications / Xingqiang Xiu. Betreuer: Martin Kreuzer." Passau : Universitätsbibliothek der Universität Passau, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1024803708/34.
Full textSpaenlehauer, Pierre-Jean. "Résolution de systèmes multi-homogènes et déterminantiels algorithmes - complexité - applications." Paris 6, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA066467.
Full textMultivariate polynomial systems arising in Engineering Science often carryalgebraic structures related to the problems they stem from. Inparticular, multi-homogeneous, determinantal structures and booleansystems can be met in a wide range of applications. A classical method to solve polynomial systems is to compute a Gröbner basis ofthe ideal associated to the system. This thesis provides new tools forsolving such structured systems in the context of Gröbner basis algorithms. On the one hand, these tools bring forth new bounds on the complexity of thecomputation of Gröbner bases of several families of structured systems(bilinear systems, determinantal systems, critical point systems,boolean systems). In particular, it allows the identification of families ofsystems for which the complexity of the computation is polynomial inthe number of solutions. On the other hand, this thesis provides new algorithms which takeprofit of these algebraic structures for improving the efficiency ofthe Gröbner basis computation and of the whole solving process(multi-homogeneous systems, boolean systems). These results areillustrated by applications in cryptology (cryptanalysis of MinRank),in optimization and in effective real geometry (critical pointsystems)
Chenavier, Cyrille. "Le treillis des opérateurs de réduction : applications aux bases de Gröbner non commutatives et en algèbre homologique." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCC334.
Full textIn this thesis, we study associative unitary algebras with rewriting methods. \G\ bases theory enables us to solve decision problems and to compute homological invariants with such methods. In order to study homological problems, Berger characterises quadratic \G\ bases in a lattice way. This characterisationis obtained using reduction operators. The latter ones are specific projectors of a vector space equipped with a wellfounded basis. When this vector space is finite-dimensional, Berger proves that the associated set of reduction operators admits a lattice structure. Using it, he deduces the lattice characterisation of quadratic \G\ bases. In this thesis, we extend the approach in terms of reduction operators applying it to not necessarily quadratic algebras.For that, we show that the set of reduction operators relative to a not necessarily finite-dimensional vector space admitsa lattice structure. In the finite-dimensional case, we obtain the same lattice structure than Berger's one. We provide a lattice formulation of confluence generalizing Berger's one. Moreover, we provide a lattice characterisation of completion.We use the lattice formulation of confluence to characterise non commutative \G\ bases. Moreover, we deduce from the lattice formulation of confluence a procedure to construct non commutative \G\ bases.We also construct a contracting homotopt for the Koszul complex using reduction operators. The lattice formulation of confluence enables us to characterise it with algebraic equations. These equations induce representations of a family of algebras called confluence algebras. Our contracting homotopy is built using these representations
Amendola, Teresa. "Basi di Gröbner e anelli polinomiali." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/19458/.
Full textAl-Kaabi, Mahdi Jasim Hasan. "Bases de monômes dans les algèbres pré-Lie libres et applications." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CLF22599/document.
Full textIn this thesis, we study the concept of free pre-Lie algebra generated by a (non-empty) set. We review the construction by A. Agrachev and R. Gamkrelidze of monomial bases in free pre-Lie algebras. We describe the matrix of the monomial basis vectors in terms of the rooted trees basis exhibited by F. Chapoton and M. Livernet. Also, we show that this matrix is unipotent and we find an explicit expression for its coefficients, adapting a procedure implemented for the free magmatic algebra by K. Ebrahimi-Fard and D. Manchon. We construct a pre-Lie structure on the free Lie algebra $\mathcal{L}$(E) generated by a set E, giving an explicit presentation of $\mathcal{L}$(E) as the quotient of the free pre-Lie algebra $\mathcal{T}$^E, generated by the (non-planar) E-decorated rooted trees, by some ideal I. We study the Gröbner bases for free Lie algebras in tree version. We split the basis of E- decorated planar rooted trees into two parts O(J) and $\mathcal{T}$(J), where J is the ideal defining $\mathcal{L}$(E) as a quotient of the free magmatic algebra generated by E. Here $\mathcal{T}$(J) is the set of maximal terms of elements of J, and its complement O(J) then defines a basis of $\mathcal{L}$(E). We get one of the important results in this thesis (Theorem 3.12), on the description of the set O(J) in terms of trees. We describe monomial bases for the pre-Lie (respectively free Lie) algebra $\mathcal{L}$(E), using the procedure of Gröbner bases and the monomial basis for the free pre-Lie algebra obtained in Chapter 2. Finally, we study the so-called classical and pre-Lie Magnus expansions, discussing how we can find a recursion for the pre-Lie case which already incorporates the pre-Lie identity. We give a combinatorial vision of a numerical method proposed by S. Blanes, F. Casas, and J. Ros, on a writing of the classical Magnus expansion in $\mathcal{L}$(E), using the pre-Lie structure
Mou, Chenqi. "Solving polynomial systems over finite fields : Algorithms, Implementations and applications." Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066805.
Full textPolynomial system solving over finite fields is of particular interest because of its applications in Cryptography, Coding Theory, and other areas of information science and technologies. In this thesis we study several important theoretical and computational aspects for solving polynomial systems over finite fields, in particular on the two widely used tools Gröbner bases and triangular sets. We propose efficient algorithms for change of ordering of Gröbner bases of zero-dimensional ideals by using the sparsity of multiplication matrices and evaluate such sparsity for generic polynomial systems. Original algorithms are presented for decomposing polynomial sets into simple triangular sets over finite fields. We also define squarefree decomposition and factorization of polynomials over unmixed products of field extensions and propose algorithms for computing them. The effectiveness and efficiency of these algorithms have been verified by experiments with our implementations. Methods for polynomial system solving over finite fields are also applied to solve practical problems arising from Biology and Coding Theory
Hashemi, Amir. "Structure et compléxité des bases de Gröbner." Paris 6, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA066116.
Full textStudzinski, Grischa [Verfasser]. "Implementation and applications of fundamental algorithms relying on Gröbner bases in free associative algebras / Grischa Studzinski." Aachen : Hochschulbibliothek der Rheinisch-Westfälischen Technischen Hochschule Aachen, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1048671615/34.
Full textBender, Matias Rafael. "Algorithms for sparse polynomial systems : Gröbner bases and resultants." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS029.
Full textSolving polynomial systems is one of the oldest and most important problems in computational mathematics and has many applications in several domains of science and engineering. It is an intrinsically hard problem with complexity at least single exponential in the number of variables. However, in most of the cases, the polynomial systems coming from applications have some kind of structure. In this thesis we focus on exploiting the structure related to the sparsity of the supports of the polynomials; that is, we exploit the fact that the polynomials only have a few monomials with non-zero coefficients. Our objective is to solve the systems faster than the worst case estimates that assume that all the terms are present. We say that a sparse system is unmixed if all its polynomials have the same Newton polytope, and mixed otherwise. Most of the work on solving sparse systems concern the unmixed case, with the exceptions of mixed sparse resultants and homotopy methods. In this thesis, we develop algorithms for mixed systems. We use two prominent tools in nonlinear algebra: sparse resultants and Groebner bases. We work on each theory independently, but we also combine them to introduce new algorithms: we take advantage of the algebraic properties of the systems associated to a non-vanishing resultant to improve the complexity of computing their Groebner bases; for example, we exploit the exactness of some strands of the associated Koszul complex to deduce an early stopping criterion for our Groebner bases algorithms and to avoid every redundant computation (reductions to zero). In addition, we introduce quasi-optimal algorithms to decompose binary forms
Luu, Ba Thang. "Matrix-based implicit representations of algebraic curves and surfaces and applications." Nice, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NICE4035.
Full textIn this thesis, we introduce and study a new implicit representation of rational curves of arbitrary dimensions and propose an implicit representation of rational hypersurfaces. The, we illustrate the advantages of this matrix representation by addressing several important problems of Computer Aided Geometric Design (CAGD) : the curve/curve, curve/surface and surface/surface intersection problems, the point-on-curve and inversion problems, the computation of singularities of rational curves. We also develop some symbolic/numeric algorithms to manipulate these new representations for example : the algorithm for extracting the regular part of a non square pencil of univariate polynomial matrices and bivariate polynomial matrices. In the appendix of this thesis work we present an implementation of these methods in the computeur algebra systems Mathemagix and Maple. In th last chapter, we describe an algorithm which, given a set of univariate polynomials ∱₁,…∱s returns a set of polynomials U₁,…, Us with prescribed degree-bounds such that the degree of gcd (∱₁ + U₁,…, ∱s + Us) is bounded below by a given degree assuming some genericity hypothesis
Rahmany, Sajjad. "Utilisation des bases de Gröbner SAGBI pour la résolution des systèmes polynômiaux invariants par symétries." Paris 6, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA066214.
Full textTurrel, Bardet Magali. "Etude des systèmes algébriques surdéterminés : applications aux codes correcteurs et à la cryptographie." Paris 6, 2004. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00449609.
Full textRocha, Junior Mauro Rodrigues. "Bases de Gröbner aplicadas a códigos corretores de erros." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2017. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/5946.
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O principal objetivo desse trabalho é estudar duas aplicações distintas das bases de Gröbner a códigos lineares. Com esse objetivo, estudamos como relacionar códigos a outras estruturas matemáticas, fazendo com que tenhamos novas ferramentas para a realização da codificação. Em especial, estudamos códigos cartesianos afins e os códigos algébrico-geométricos de Goppa.
The main objective of this work is to study two different applications of Gröbner basis to linear codes. With this purpose, we study how to relate codes to other mathematical structures, allowing us to use new tools to do the coding. In particular, we study affine cartesian codes e algebraic-geometric Goppa codes.
Neiger, Vincent. "Bases of relations in one or several variables : fast algorithms and applications." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSEN052.
Full textIn this thesis, we study algorithms for a problem of finding relations in one or several variables. It generalizes that of computing a solution to a system of linear modular equations over a polynomial ring, including in particular the computation of Hermite- Padéapproximants and bivariate interpolants. Rather than a single solution, we aim at computing generators of the solution set which have good properties. Precisely, the input of our problem consists of a finite-dimensional module given by the action of the variables on its elements, and of some elements of this module; the goal is to compute a Gröbner basis of the module of syzygies between these elements. In terms of linear algebra, the input describes a matrix with a type of Krylov structure, and the goal is to compute a compact representation of a basis of the nullspace of this matrix. We propose several algorithms in accordance with the structure of the multiplication matrices which specify the action of the variables. In the case of a Jordan matrix, we accelerate the computation of multivariate interpolants under degree constraints; our result for a Frobenius matrix leads to a faster algorithm for computing normal forms of univariate polynomial matrices. In the case of several dense matrices, we accelerate the change of monomial order for Gröbner bases of multivariate zero-dimensional ideals
Torrente, Maria Laura. "Applications of Algebra in the Oil Industry." Doctoral thesis, Scuola Normale Superiore, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11384/85681.
Full textBardet, Magali. "Étude des systèmes algébriques surdéterminés. Applications aux codes correcteurs et à la cryptographie." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00449609.
Full textBertrand, Frédéric. "Plans sphériques de force t et applications en statistique." Phd thesis, Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00188330.
Full textLemaire, Pierre. "Base de données informatique : application aux leucémies aigue͏̈s." Paris 5, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA05P039.
Full textChakraborty, Olive. "Design and Cryptanalysis of Post-Quantum Cryptosystems." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020SORUS283.
Full textPolynomial system solving is one of the oldest and most important problems incomputational mathematics and has many applications in computer science. Itis intrinsically a hard problem with complexity at least single exponential in the number of variables. In this thesis, we focus on cryptographic schemes based on the hardness of this problem. In particular, we give the first known cryptanalysis of the Extension Field Cancellation cryptosystem. We work on the scheme from two aspects, first we show that the challenge parameters don’t satisfy the 80 bits of security claimed by using Gröbner basis techniques to solve the underlying algebraic system. Secondly, using the structure of the public keys, we develop a new technique to show that even altering the parameters of the scheme still keeps the scheme vulnerable to attacks for recovering the hidden secret. We show that noisy variant of the problem of solving a system of equations is still hard to solve. Finally, using this new problem to design a new multivariate key-exchange scheme as a candidate for NIST Post Quantum Cryptographic Standards
Chen, Xiaoxu. "Application of base isolation in China and seismic response analysis of a base-isolated building." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/3337/.
Full textThomas, Gabriel. "Contributions théoriques et algorithmiques à l'étude des équations différencielles-algébriques : Approche par le calcul formel." Grenoble INPG, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPG0095.
Full textIn this Computer Algebra thesis we develop the thoery of quasi-linear Differential-Algebraic Equations (DAEs) with polynomial coefficients. The existence of solutions to these systems is answered after differentiating the equations ; the minimal number of differentiations to get an integrable form is called the differential index by numerical analysts. In the first part, we make precise the definition of the differential index. By use of algebraic geometry and commutative algebra (modules over quotient rings) we show that the index depends on the irreducible components of the constraints variety of the original DAEs. The second part is devoted to algorithmic issues : we give an original and effective method of decomposing a quasi-linear polynomial DAEs into ODEs on equidimensional algebraic sets. For each subsystem, the index is computed, while both algebraic and differential parts are obtained without using the factorization of polynomials. This algorithm has been implemented with Maple and GB software. The other part of the thesis deals with the local study of so-called impasse points of non linear Differential Equations. These points are the standard singularities of quasi-linear DAEs. Taking a complex viewpoint, we show by simple calculations that impasse points are actually algebraic branch points of the soluions. Getting the multiplicity of these branch points from the determinant of the differential part, we show how to express the solution as a Puiseux expansion near a given impasse point
Weber, Tina. "The development and application of magnesium base-mediated transformations." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2013. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=19513.
Full textOshin, Kayode. "Synthesis, characterization, and application of chiral Schiff-base complexes." Diss., Kansas State University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/8541.
Full textDepartment of Chemistry
Christopher J. Levy
This work examines the synthesis of novel chiral Schiff-base complexes derived from (1R,2R)-cyclohexanediamine and (R)-[1,1’-binaphthalene]-2-2’-diamine structural backbones with quinoline, isopropyl-quinoline, and benzoquinoline structural side-arms. We incorporated some degree of flexibility in the ligands and complexes so they can accommodate the sterics of different substrates during a catalytic reaction. We successfully achieved this by reducing the imine bond in the ligands to the corresponding amine bond. Therefore, the successful reduction and metallation of some of these ligands to give structures of different symmetries is reported. We had difficulty reducing ligands with the binaphthalene backbone but were able to partially reduce the ligand through a one-pot reaction with a zinc(II) salt and NaBH4. The complete 1H NMR assignments of the complexes reported in this thesis serve as a valuable tool for use in the characterization of future complexes. The complete NMR characterization of compounds reported is a complex process because they are polycyclic aromatic systems and the coupling network similarity in different parts of the molecule usually results in severe overlap of their 1H resonances. To overcome this impediment, we took advantage of various 2D-NMR techniques (COSY, NOESY, ROSEY, HSQC, and HMBC) along with other 1D-NMR experiments (1H HOMODEC, 1H, and 13C) to completely assign the desired complexes. Subsequently we also studied the coordination chemistry of several meal cations with our ligand system with the goal of obtaining single stranded monhelices. The potential use of some of the complexes in the area of NMR discrimination and kinetic resolution of racemic mixtures was examined and shown to be promising. Several NMR experiments were conducted using the racemic olefins 3-buten-2-ol and 1-penten-3-ol to demonstrate the discriminating power of our silver(I) complexes. We discovered that sterics play an important role in this resolution experiment and the bulky nature of our complexes affect the overall efficiency of the NMR discriminatory process as it diminishes the contact between the reactive metal center and the olefins involved. Temperature also plays a vital role in the chiral recognition of racemic olefins as we examined the ideal temperature needed to reduce the various dynamic processes that take place in solution at room temperature.
STEPHAN, MAURICE. "Solidification rapide d'alliages a base fer et a base zinc. Application a l'amelioration du rendement d'un inducteur." Le Mans, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LEMA1021.
Full textHan, Mengyu. "Application of Base Isolation Systems to Reinforced Concrete Frame Buildings." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/35722.
Full textCryer, David Patrick. "Modelling of vibration in buildings with application to base isolation." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.336535.
Full textPorter, Jennifer Karin. "Application of Rutile Geochemistry to Base and Precious Metal Exploration." Thesis, Curtin University, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/78505.
Full textRolland, Luc Hugues. "Outils algébriques pour la résolution de problèmes géométriques et l'analyse de trajectoire de robots parallèles prévus pour des applications à haute cadence et grande précision." Nancy 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NAN10180.
Full textParallel robots have been introduced in flight simulators because of their high dynamics. Research is now focused on their application as machine tools. The requirements on accuracy are more stringent. The first objective is to find a resolution method to kinematics problems. Only a few implementations have succeeded to solve the general case (Gough platform). We have cataloged 8 algebraic formulations for the geometric model. The selected exact method is based the computation of Gröbner bases and the Rational Univariate Representation. The method is too slow for trajectory pursuit. The 2nd objective is the realization of a certified numeric iterative method (Newton) based on the Kantorovich theorem and interval arithmetic. The 3rd objective is milling task feasibility. A trajectory simulator includes tool accuracy estimations with given federate. One can determine the impact of a given architecture, selected sensors and the controller. This thesis terminates by a trajectory certification method, verifying if the tool can follow a trajectory included in a zone around the nominal trajectory. A convergence theorem is applied to insure that the forward kinematics model can be solved everywhere in the tube
Reche, Alex. "Capture et Rendu à Base d'Images avec Application aux Projets Urbains." Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00328084.
Full textHachicha, Walid. "Développement d'une forme particulaire à base de vancomycine pour application intraoculaire." Lyon 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LYO10084.
Full textEndophthalmitis may occur as a complication of cataract surgery. To avoid this complication, vancomycin may be introduced eye. This antibiotic must however be maintained at an efficient intracocular concentration for a sufficient period of time. To resolve the issue of the short half-life of this antibacterial, we developped vancomycin based microparticles with continuous release. These microparticles were tested in-vitro, on bacteria, and in-vivo, on rabbits. Our experiments showed good tolerance and efficiency on vancomycin sensitive bacteria. On rabbits, the use of microparticles led to a significant improvement of clinical condiction, compared to a single use of classical vancomycin in solution. Our study proves that microparticles are an interesting form for intraocular route. Infact, by guaranteeing continuous drug release, a single intraocular injection is needed, avoiding then the risk and incomfort of multiple injections
Conreaux, Stéphane. "Modélisation de 3-variétés à base topologique : application à la géologie." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001INPL032N.
Full textVolumic modeling enables to represent real objects by computer science objects. In geology, a 3D model may be defined by a set of surfacic objects partitionning the 3D space in regions. For instance, these surfaces can be horizons or faults (geological objects). A volumic object composed of 3-cells (tetrahedra or arbitrary polyhedra) could be a second way to represent a 3D model. With this kind of representation, it is possible to attach several properties on the nodes of the mesh. Thanks to a topological kernel based on G-Maps, we will study the following issues : - defining efficient data strcutures enabling the decomposition of objects into discrete elements to be represented, - generating and editing meshes for surfacic and volumic objects (removing cells, splitting cells,. . . ), - using a multi-purpose operation called corefinement. We also present several geological applications using corefinement operation : insertion of a gridded chenal in a regular grid (the intersected cells of the channel and the grid are perfect), boolean operations between geological objects,. .
Verchere, Lena. "Interactions microstructure - mécanique - électrochimie locale : application à l'alliage base nickel A600." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0239.
Full textStress corrosion cracking (SCC) is a local damaging phenomenon, which results from the synergy of microstructural, mechanical and environmental parameters. Understanding the interactions between those parameters allows manufacturers to continuously improve their reliability models for components and thus to improve facility safety. The present study focuses on Alloy 600, a nickel-based alloy which is used in pressurized water reactors and subject to SCC.Understanding and modelling interactions between the material, mechanics and environment requires decreasing the scale down to heterogeneities of the microstructure, mechanical fields and electrochemical properties, in order to avoid averaging effects. In this study, this scaling was achieved thanks to the use of experimental and numerical local techniques.A scanning electrochemical microscope (SECM) made it possible to measure currents at the grain scale. The effect of grain crystallographic orientation on the electrochemical properties of the passive film was quantified by means of a coupling of SECM with EBSD. The effect of the grain boundary type was also investigated. Thereafter, same measurements were conducted on a specimen under mechanical load thanks to the development of an experimental set-up composed of an in situ tensile machine coupled to SECM. The microstructure which was obtained by EBSD was then used to recreate a virtual microstructure on which local mechanical fields were determined through a crystal plasticity computation. The influence of cold-work and that of a tensile load on surface reactivity were then demonstrated at the microstructural scale, attesting that SCC models must integrate local heterogeneities
Rousseau, Pierre. "Revêtements photoréticulables à base de latex : synthèse, réactivité, application aux peintures." Lille 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LIL10003.
Full textPonchateau, Cyrille. "Conception et exploitation d'une base de modèles : application aux data sciences." Thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ESMA0005/document.
Full textIt is common practice in experimental science to use time series to represent experimental results, that usually come as a list of values in chronological order (indexed by time) and generally obtained via sensors connected to the studied physical system. Those series are analyzed to obtain a mathematical model that allow to describe the data and thus to understand and explain the behavio rof the studied system. Nowadays, storage and analyses technologies for time series are numerous and mature, but the storage and management technologies for mathematical models and their linking to experimental numerical data are both scarce and recent. Still, mathematical models have an essential role to play in the interpretation and validation of experimental results. Consequently, an adapted storage system would ease the management and re-usability of mathematical models. This work aims at developing a models database to manage mathematical models and provide a “query by data” system, to help retrieve/identify a model from an experimental time series. In this work, I will describe the conception (from the modeling of the system, to its software architecture) of the models database and its extensions to allow the “query by data”. Then, I will describe the prototype of models database,that I implemented and the results obtained by tests performed on the latter
FRADIN, David. "Modélisation et simulation d'éclairage à base topologique : application aux environnements architecturaux complexes." Phd thesis, Université de Poitiers, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00009206.
Full textDubourg, Georges. "Fabrication, caractérisation et application capteur de MEMS organiques à base de microleviers." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR14609/document.
Full textThis thesis presents the design of MEMS-based on organic materials to achieve biochemical sensors. In this work, organic materials have been proposed as an alternative to silicon to reduce the cost of biochemical sensors by developing simple and inexpensive processes, and because polymers can be synthesized to give them specific and controllable properties. In this technological work, suitable methods to pattern this type of materials have been developed. One of these methods combines deposition and patterning in one step thanks to spray-coating through polymer microstencils. Then, to obtain collective production of organic chips free-standing microcantilevers from a free structure, wafer-bonding approach based on bonding of two SU-8 layers has been introduced. On the other hand, an electromagnetic actuator has been integrated into the structures to improve the performances of theses structures used as resonators.And finally, an original concept of mass biosensor based on monolayer microcantilevers has been developed. In this case, the sensitive layer made of molecularly imprinted polymer allows the biological detection and the transduction of the mechanical effect
Manning, Elizabeth Phillips Hughes. "Development of a polycrystalline Ni base superalloy for gas turbine disc application." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.246610.
Full textFlood, R. L. "Quantitive modelling of the fluid-electrolyte acid-base balance for clinical application." Thesis, City University London, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.356008.
Full textAnouar, Aicha. "Préparation de matériaux à base de graphène et leur application en catalyse." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/164030.
Full text[CA] Per a abordar els desafiaments ambientals, la química i els processos químics han de ser més sostenibles. Per a això, el desenvolupament de nous catalitzadors especialment actius és de summa importància. En catàlisi heterogènia, el grafé ha sorgit recentment com un excel·lent candidat des que va ser possible aïllar-lo a partir del grafit. Les seues propietats úniques han despertat un gran interés per a aplicar-lo en diversos camps,des del reforç de matrius polimèriques fins al desenvolupament de materials per a catàlisis. En catàlisi, el seu ús com a suport catalític o com carbocatalitzador és encara objecte de diversos estudis. Amb l'objectiu de preparar catalitzadors extremadament actius en diverses reaccions de química fina o de producció d'hidrogen, el nostre treball de recerca s'ha centrat en l'ús de materials a base de grafé com a suports catalítics. Es van considerar diferents aspectes: La funcionalització del grafé; a l'ésser un material de baixa dimensionalitat, les propietats del grafé estan estretament relacionades amb la química de la seua superfície. Mitjançant la fosforilació de l'òxid de grafé, hem demostrat que l'estabilitat tèrmica i l'estabilització de les nanopartícules metàl·liques milloren significativament. La combinació de grafé amb altres materials; Xicotetes nanopartícules de pal·ladi estabilitzades sobre materials porosos a base d'òxid de grafé i quitosà han demostrat una excel·lent activitat per a la deshidrogenació del formiat d'amoni. L'estratègia de síntesi adoptada per a preparar el grafé; La piròlisi de pel·lícules de alginat d'amoni i un precursor de ruteni (Ru) en diferents atmosferes va permetre la preparació de nanopartícules de Ru suportades en grafé, l'orientació del qual depén de l'atmosfera de piròlisi. Per tant, va ser possible una comparació de l'activitat catalítica de diferents facetes cristal¿logràfiques. Dopatge de grafé; la presència de diferents heteroàtoms en la seua estructura ha permés una millor estabilització de nanopartícules i clústers metàl·lics. Els materials basats en nanopartícules d'òxid de coure i grafens dopats han demostrat posseir una excel·lent activitat catalítica en la síntesi de noves molècules d'interés farmacèutic.
[EN] To address environmental challenges, chemistry and chemical processes need to be more sustainable. For this, developing new particularly active catalysts is of paramount importance. In heterogeneous catalysis, graphene has emerged as an excellent candidate since it was possible to isolate it from graphite. Its properties have aroused substantial interest, earning it applications in various fields spanning from the reinforcement of polymer matrices to the development of materials for catalysis. In catalysis, its use both as a catalytic support or as a carbocatalyst is still the subject of several studies. Aiming to prepare extremely active catalysts in various fine chemical reactions or hydrogen production, our research work has focused on the use of graphene-based materials as catalytic supports. Different aspects were considered: The functionalization of graphene; being a material of low dimensionality, the properties of graphene are intimately related to the chemistry of its surface. Through phosphorylation of graphene oxide, we have shown that the thermal stability and stabilization of metal nanoparticles are significantly improved. Combination of graphene with other materials; small palladium nanoparticles stabilized on porous materials based on graphene oxide and chitosan have demonstrated excellent activity for the dehydrogenation of ammonium formate. The synthetic strategy adopted to prepare graphene; pyrolysis of films of ammonium alginate and ruthenium precursor (Ru) in different atmospheres enabled the preparation of Ru nanoparticles supported on graphene whose orientation depends on the atmosphere of pyrolysis. Thus, a comparison of the catalytic activity of different crystallographic facets was possible. Doping of graphene; the presence of different heteroatoms in its structure has allowed a better stabilization of metal nanoparticles and clusters. Materials based on copper oxide nanoparticles and tridoped graphene have demonstrated an excellent catalytic activity in the synthesis of new molecules of pharmaceutical interest.
Anouar, A. (2021). Préparation de matériaux à base de graphène et leur application en catalyse [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/164030
TESIS
Bessaha, Nadine. "Adhésion de matériaux polyuréthanes : application aux propulseurs à base de propergols solides." Mulhouse, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MULH0401.
Full textKsar, Faycal. "Synthèse de nouvelles nanostructures à base de palladium : application en électro-catalyse." Paris 11, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA112213.
Full textThree-dimensional connected Pd nanowires forming nanoballs have been synthesized by slow reduction of Pd(II) in hexagonal mesophases made by a quaternary system (water/cyclohexane/surfactant/cosurfactant). Both confinement and slow reduction are necessary to obtain these new nanostructures. Palladium nanowires (of length a few tens of nanometers) are synthesized in a hexagonal mesophase formed by a quaternary system (Pd-doped water, surfactant, cosurfactant, and oil) by electron beam irradiation. The mesophases can be doped by high concentrations of palladium (0. 1 M) without any disturbance of the structure of the mesophases which allows the quantitative synthesis of 1D Pd nanostructures. We found an increase in the average length of the nanowires with the amount of cosurfactant (pentanol) that assists the reduction/growth processes. Bimetallic Pd-Au nanostructures were synthesized in the soft templates provided by surfactant hexagonal mesophases. The nanostructures are constituted by a core rich in gold and a Pd porous shell. The electrocatalytic activity of these nanostructures for ethanol oxidation in basic medium was compared with that of alloyed Pd-Au nanoparticles synthesized in solution. The Pd-Au alloy is active toward the oxidation of ethanol in an alkaline medium but is not durable in realizing this process. The electrocatalytic oxidation of ethanol was selected as a test reaction in alkaline medium where Pd is known to be among the best electrode materials
SOUFIANE, ABDELOUAHED. "Verres fluores a base d'indium et de gallium : application aux fibres optiques." Rennes 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992REN10079.
Full textAdima, Augustin Amissa. "Gels hybrides chiraux à base de silice. Application à la catalyse énansiosélective." Montpellier 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON20066.
Full textCOIN, CHRISTINE. "Nouveaux systemes catalytiques oxydants a base de bismuth : application en synthese organique." Nice, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996NICE4924.
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