Relevant bibliographies by topics / Appendicular skeletal muscle mass

Academic literature on the topic 'Appendicular skeletal muscle mass'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Appendicular skeletal muscle mass"

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Iwasaka, Chiharu, Tsubasa Mitsutake, and Etsuo Horikawa. "The Independent Relationship Between Leg Skeletal Muscle Mass Asymmetry and Gait Speed in Community-Dwelling Older Adults." Journal of Aging and Physical Activity 28, no. 6 (December 1, 2020): 943–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/japa.2019-0463.

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Objectives: To investigate the relationship between leg skeletal muscle mass asymmetry and usual gait speed in older adults. Methods: The subjects were 139 community-dwelling older adults. The asymmetry index was calculated using the leg skeletal muscle mass index (LSMI) values of both legs. The subjects were divided into “large” and “small” asymmetry groups based on the asymmetry index. The relationship between asymmetry and gait speed was analyzed using a linear regression model. The appendicular skeletal muscle mass index and LSMI were included as adjustment variables in the analysis. Results: The asymmetry index and having a “large” asymmetry were independently related to gait speed, even after adjusting for covariates such as appendicular skeletal muscle mass index and LSMI. Discussion: Leg skeletal muscle mass asymmetry was related to gait speed independently of the appendicular skeletal muscle mass index and LSMI values. A skeletal muscle mass evaluation among older adults should include an assessment of the total skeletal muscle mass and its asymmetry.
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Gallagher, Dympna, Marjolein Visser, Ronald E. De Meersman, Dennis Sepúlveda, Richard N. Baumgartner, Richard N. Pierson, Tamara Harris, and Steven B. Heymsfield. "Appendicular skeletal muscle mass: effects of age, gender, and ethnicity." Journal of Applied Physiology 83, no. 1 (July 1, 1997): 229–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1997.83.1.229.

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Gallagher, Dympna, Marjolein Visser, Ronald E. De Meersman, Dennis Sepúlveda, Richard N. Baumgartner, Richard N. Pierson, Tamara Harris, and Steven B. Heymsfield. Appendicular skeletal muscle mass: effects of age, gender, and ethnicity. J. Appl. Physiol. 83(1): 229–239, 1997.—This study tested the hypothesis that skeletal muscle mass is reduced in elderly women and men after adjustment first for stature and body weight. The hypothesis was evaluated by estimating appendicular skeletal muscle mass with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in a healthy adult cohort. A second purpose was to test the hypothesis that whole body40K counting-derived total body potassium (TBK) is a reliable indirect measure of skeletal muscle mass. The independent effects on both appendicular skeletal muscle and TBK of gender ( n = 148 women and 136 men) and ethnicity ( n = 152 African-Americans and 132 Caucasians) were also explored. Main findings were 1) for both appendicular skeletal muscle mass (total, leg, and arm) and TBK, age was an independent determinant after adjustment first by stepwise multiple regression for stature and weight (multiple regression model r 2 = ∼0.60); absolute decrease with greater age in men was almost double that in women; significantly larger absolute amounts were observed in men and African-Americans after adjustment first for stature, weight, and age; and >80% of within-gender or -ethnic group between-individual component variation was explained by stature, weight, age, gender, and ethnicity differences; and 2) most of between-individual TBK variation could be explained by total appendicular skeletal muscle ( r 2 = 0.865), whereas age, gender, and ethnicity were small but significant additional covariates (total r 2 = 0.903). Our study supports the hypotheses that skeletal muscle is reduced in the elderly and that TBK provides a reasonable indirect assessment of skeletal muscle mass. These findings provide a foundation for investigating skeletal muscle mass in a wide range of health-related conditions.
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Taniguchi, Yoshiaki, Hyuma Makizako, Ryoji Kiyama, Kazutoshi Tomioka, Yuki Nakai, Takuro Kubozono, Toshihiro Takenaka, and Mitsuru Ohishi. "The Association between Osteoporosis and Grip Strength and Skeletal Muscle Mass in Community-Dwelling Older Women." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 7 (April 6, 2019): 1228. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16071228.

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This cross-sectional study investigated the association between osteoporosis, grip strength, and skeletal muscle mass in community-dwelling older women. Data obtained from 265 older women who participated in a community-based health check survey (Tarumizu Study) were analyzed. Face-to-face interviews with participants revealed their history of osteoporosis. Appendicular skeletal muscle mass was assessed through bioelectrical impedance analysis, and appendicular skeletal muscle index was calculated. Dominant grip strength was also assessed. Loss of skeletal muscle mass (appendicular skeletal muscle mass < 5.7 kg/m2) and muscle weakness (grip strength < 18 kg) were determined based on criteria for sarcopenia put forth by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia. The prevalence rates of osteoporosis, muscle weakness, and loss of skeletal muscle mass were 27.2%, 28.7%, and 50.2%, respectively. Loss of skeletal muscle mass was more prevalent in participants with osteoporosis than in those without (65.3% vs. 44.6%, p < 0.01). The association between osteoporosis and muscle strength was not significant (30.6% vs. 28.0%, p = 0.68). After covariate adjustment, loss of skeletal muscle mass was found to be independently associated with osteoporosis (odds ratio 2.56, 95% confidence interval 1.33–4.91). In sum, osteoporosis was found to be associated with loss of skeletal muscle mass, but not with muscle weakness in community-dwelling older women.
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Morris, Martha Savaria, and Paul F. Jacques. "Total protein, animal protein and physical activity in relation to muscle mass in middle-aged and older Americans." British Journal of Nutrition 109, no. 7 (August 2, 2012): 1294–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114512003133.

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Resistance training is recognised as a good strategy for retarding age-related declines in muscle mass and strength. Recent studies have also highlighted the potential value of protein intakes in excess of present recommendations. The roles that leisure-time physical activity and protein quality play in the preservation of skeletal muscle during ageing, and how such influences interact in free-living people are unclear. We sought to clarify these issues using data collected on 2425 participants aged ≥ 50 years in the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2003–2006). We estimated subjects’ usual intakes of total protein and beef from two 24 h diet recalls and computed the appendicular skeletal muscle mass index from anthropometric measures. Participants self-reported their physical activity levels. Analyses accounted for demographic factors and smoking. The association between muscle-strengthening activity and the appendicular skeletal muscle mass index varied with protein intake. Furthermore, among obese subjects with protein intakes < 70 g/d, those who performed such activities had a lower appendicular skeletal muscle mass index than those who were physically inactive. Protein intakes above the present recommendations were associated with benefits to obese subjects only. The appendicular skeletal muscle mass index of non-obese subjects who performed vigorous aerobic activities was consistently high; in obese subjects, it varied with protein intake. High-protein intake was associated with a modest increase in the appendicular skeletal muscle mass index in non-obese, physically inactive subjects. The present findings reinforce the idea that muscle-strengthening exercise preserves muscle when combined with adequate dietary protein. Vigorous aerobic activity may also help.
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Moon, Hyun Eui, Tae Sic Lee, and Tae-Ha Chung. "Association between Lower-to-Upper Ratio of Appendicular Skeletal Muscle and Metabolic Syndrome." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 21 (October 26, 2022): 6309. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11216309.

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(1) Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster-based disorder comprising several pre-disease or pre-clinical statuses for diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, cardiovascular risk, and mortality. Appendicular skeletal muscle (ASM), or lean mass, is considered the main site of insulin-mediated glucose utilization. Therefore, we aimed to reveal the association between lower appendicular skeletal muscle mass to upper appendicular skeletal muscle mass ratio (LUR) and risk for MetS. (2) Methods: We analyzed the 2008–2011 Korean National Health Examination and Nutrition Survey (KNHANES) data. Quintiles of lower ASM to upper ASM ratio (LUR) were categorized as follows: Q1: ≤2.65, Q2: 2.66–2.80, Q3: 2.81–2.94, Q4: 2.95–3.11, and Q5: ≥3.12 in men and Q1: ≤3.00, Q2: 3.01–3.18, Q3: 3.19–3.36, Q4: 3.37–3.60, and Q5: ≥3.61 in women. Multivariate logistic regression models were used after setting MetS and the LUR quintiles as the independent and dependent variables and adjusting for covariates. (3) Result: In men, MetS in accordance with the LUR quintiles exhibits a reverse J-curve. All groups from Q2 to Q5 had a lower odds ratio (OR) (95% CI) for MetS compared to the Q1 group. The lowest OR (95% CI) of 0.85 (0.80–0.91) was observed in Q4. However, in women, the figure shows a sine curve. Compared to the Q1 group, the Q2 and Q3 groups had a higher OR, while the Q4 and Q5 groups presented a lower OR. Among them, the OR (95% CI) in the Q4 group was lowest, at 0.83 (0.76–0.91). (4) Conclusions: While total appendicular skeletal muscle mass is important to prevent MetS, it is necessary to maintain an optimal ratio of muscle mass between the upper and lower appendicular skeletal muscle mass.
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Heymsfield, S. B., R. Smith, M. Aulet, B. Bensen, S. Lichtman, J. Wang, and R. N. Pierson. "Appendicular skeletal muscle mass: measurement by dual-photon absorptiometry." American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 52, no. 2 (August 1, 1990): 214–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/52.2.214.

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Raisbeck, Louisa D., Jonathon L. Stickford, Colleen M. McCracken, Sandra Tecklenberg, Jeanne D. Johnston, and Joel M. Stager. "Total Skeletal Muscle Mass, Appendicular Muscle Mass, Strength And Power In Master Athletes." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 39, Supplement (May 2007): S220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000273832.90257.70.

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Baek, Seol-Hee, Joo Hye Sung, Jin-Woo Park, Myeong Hun Son, Jung Hun Lee, and Byung-Jo Kim. "Usefulness of muscle ultrasound in appendicular skeletal muscle mass estimation for sarcopenia assessment." PLOS ONE 18, no. 1 (January 17, 2023): e0280202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0280202.

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The measurement of skeletal muscle mass is essential for the diagnosis of sarcopenia. Muscle ultrasonography has emerged as a useful tool for evaluating sarcopenia because it can be used to assess muscle quality and quantity. This study investigated whether muscle ultrasonography is effective for estimating appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) and screening for sarcopenia. This study prospectively enrolled 212 healthy volunteers aged 40–80 years. ASM was measured using the bioelectrical impedance analysis. Muscle thickness (MT) and echo-intensity (EI) were measured in four muscles (biceps brachii, BB; triceps brachii, TB; rectus femoris, RF; biceps femoris, BF) on the dominant hand. A hold-out cross-validation method was used to develop and validate the ASM prediction equation. In the model development group, the ASM prediction equations were deduced as follows: estimated ASM for men (kg) = 0.167 × weight (kg) + 0.228 × height (cm) + 0.143 × MT of BF (mm)– 0.822 × EI to MT ratio of BB– 28.187 (R2 = 0.830) and estimated ASM for women (kg) = 0.115 × weight + 0.215 × height (cm) + 0.139 × MT of RF–0.638 × EI to MT ratio of BB– 23.502 (R2 = 0.859). In the cross-validation group, the estimated ASM did not significantly differ from the measured ASM in both men (p = 0.775; intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] = 0.948) and women (p = 0.516; ICC = 0.973). In addition, multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that the ratios of EI to MT in the BF and RF muscles in men and MT in the BB muscle in women could be valuable parameters for sarcopenia screening. Therefore, our study suggests that muscle ultrasound could be an effective tool for estimating ASM and screening sarcopenia.
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Stookey, Jodi Dunmeyer. "Protein intake and appendicular skeletal muscle mass in older men." American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 71, no. 5 (May 1, 2000): 1209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/71.5.1209.

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Sui, Sophia X., Kara L. Holloway-Kew, Natalie K. Hyde, Lana J. Williams, Monica C. Tembo, Emma West, and Julie A. Pasco. "How Well Do Low Population-Specific Values for Muscle Parameters Associate with Indices of Poor Physical Health? Cross-Sectional Data from the Geelong Osteoporosis Study." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 10 (May 20, 2022): 2906. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11102906.

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We aimed to examine associations between skeletal muscle deficits and indices of poor health. Cut-points for skeletal muscle deficits were derived using data from the Geelong Osteoporosis Study and definitions from the revised European Consensus on Definition and Diagnosis and the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health. Participants (n = 665; 323 women) aged 60–96 year had handgrip strength measured by dynamometry and appendicular lean mass by whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Physical performance was assessed using the Timed Up and Go test. Sex-specific cut-points were equivalent to two standard deviations below the mean young reference range from the Geelong Osteoporosis Study. Indices of poor health included fractures, falls, and hospitalisations. Low trauma fractures since age 50 year (excluding skull, face, digits) were self-reported and confirmed using radiological reports. Falls (≥1 in the past 12 months) and hospitalisations (past month) were self-reported. Logistic regression models (age- and sex-adjusted) were used to examine associations. Receiver Operating Characteristic curves were applied to determine optimal cut-points for handgrip strength, Timed Up and Go, appendicular lean mass/height2, and appendicular lean mass/body mass index that discriminated poor health outcomes. There were 48 participants (6.9%) with hospitalisations, 94 (13.4%) with fractures, and 177 (25.3%) with at least one fall (≥1). For all cut-points, low handgrip strength was consistently associated with falls. There was little evidence to support an association between low appendicular lean mass, using any cut-point, and indices of poor health. Optimal cut-offs for predicting falls (≥1) were: handgrip strength 17.5 kg for women and 33.5 kg for men; Timed Up and Go 8.6 s for women and 9.9 s for men; appendicular lean mass/height2 6.2 kg/m2 for women and 7.46 kg/m2 for men; and appendicular lean mass/body mass index 0.6 m2 for women and 0.9 m2 for men. In conclusion, muscle strength and function performed better than lean mass to indicate poor health. These findings add to the growing evidence base to inform decisions regarding the selection of skeletal muscle parameters and their optimal cut-points for identifying sarcopenia.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Appendicular skeletal muscle mass"

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Kelaiditi, Eirini. "Diet, inflammation and skeletal muscle mass in women." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2013. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/48746/.

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Evidence is growing that diet, lifestyle factors and chronic inflammation influence sarcopenia. Sarcopenia is the progressive decline of muscle mass, strength and function that occurs with healthy ageing. The ageing process is also associated with a gradual increasing production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which may potentially enhance the development of sarcopenia. Dietary longitudinal studies have shown associations between protein intake and muscle mass in older people but results of supplementation studies in enhancing muscle mass and strength are equivocal. Additionally, short-term dietary interventions with essential amino acid supplementation have shown promising effects on muscle protein synthesis. Emerging evidence suggests that a number of nutrients may be associated with muscle mass and strength either due to their anti-inflammatory properties or their involvement in muscle biology. However, there are currently few population studies examining the relative importance of specific nutrients in association with muscle mass, muscle strength and muscle quality. Therefore, this thesis aimed to examine associations between the habitual dietary intake of a range of micronutrients, and diet quality (assessed by five predefined diet quality scores) and indexes of muscle mass, strength and muscle quality in female participants aged 18-79 years from the TwinsUK cohort. An additional aim was to examine associations between diet and biomarkers of inflammation and to investigate whether diet could also influence the relationship between muscle mass and inflammation. The results suggested a significant positive association between intakes of vitamins C and E, magnesium, potassium and a range of carotenoids and indexes of muscle mass with scale of associations ranging between 1.5-4.6%. However, no associations were observed for protein and essential amino acid intakes. Higher adherence to the Mediterranean Diet score (MDS), Healthy Diet Indicator (HDI), Diet Quality Index (DQI), Alternate Healthy Eating Index (AHEI), and DASH-style score was significantly associated with measurements of muscle mass, with associations ranging between 1-3% between quintiles. Furthermore, a number of nutrients and the HDI and AHEI scores were inversely associated with plasma levels of the inflammatory marker C-reactive protein (CRP). Interestingly, intakes of magnesium, potassium, vitamin C, carotene, β-carotene, glutamine, and the MDS, HDI and AHEI scores attenuated the association between indexes of muscle mass and CRP by 1-8%, inferring that these components mediate the relationship between muscle mass and inflammation. In conclusion, the findings of this thesis emphasise the importance of consumption of a variety of plant-based nutrients and of overall diet quality for the conservation of muscle mass, and shed new light on the influence of these dietary components on sarcopenia related inflammation.
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Maden-Wilkinson, Thomas M. "Age related changes in skeletal muscle mass and function." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2173/314011.

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The loss of muscle mass with age (Sarcopenia) has received growing attention over the past decade. Despite efforts to provide a universal definition with clinically meaningful cut-off points for diagnosis, there is no clear consensus on how to best quantify and assess the impact of loss of muscle mass and function on functional limitations. Whilst most previous studies have used dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) to quantify this loss, chapter 2 of this thesis shows that DXA underestimates the loss of muscle mass with age in comparison to the gold standard MRI. Muscle mass per se is not enough to determine whether a person has an exceptionally low muscle mass, as it can be readily seen that a healthy tall person will have a larger muscle mass than a small person. Clinicians and researchers thus need an index of muscle mass that takes differences in stature into account and also gives an objective cut off point to define low muscle mass. In Chapter3, we show that femur volume does not significantly differ between young and old. We used this observation to introduce a new index: thigh muscle mass normalised to femur volume, or the muscle to bone ratio. This index allows the examination of the true extent of muscle atrophy within an individual. In previous studies the appendicular lean mass (determined with DXA) divided by height squared appeared to be a relatively poor predictor of functional performance. In Chapter 4, the index introduced in Chapter 3, the muscle to bone ratio, proved to be a somewhat better predictor of functional performance in the overall cohort. This was, however, not true when examining the intra-group relationships. A similar situation applied to the maximal muscle strength. In older adults, the parameter which predicted functional performance best was muscle power per body mass, measured during a counter-movement jump. Chapter 5 shows that part of the larger loss power and force than muscle mass is attributable to a left-ward shift of the torque-frequency relationship, indicative of a slowing of the muscle, and reduction in maximal voluntary activation, as assessed using the interpolated twitch technique in older adults. Chapter 5 also shows that the fatigue resistance during a series of intermittent contractions was similar in young and older adults. However, older adults could sustain a 50% maximal voluntary contraction force longer than young people. Part of this discrepancy maybe due to an age-related slowing of the muscle.
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Parr, Evelyn Bridget. "Exercise and nutrient interactions: Effects on skeletal muscle and body fat mass." Thesis, Australian Catholic University, 2015. https://acuresearchbank.acu.edu.au/download/3b83092cb77808bc2ad9d195eac824e5e7142beb49f607e71cb73edfb2637982/12816055/201510_Evelyn_Parr_ACU_Thesis_Document_FINAL.pdf.

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The worldwide prevalence of overweight and obesity continues to rise and will soon place unsustainable demands on the healthcare systems of most developed nations. Sarcopenia, the age-related loss of muscle mass, is commonly exacerbated in overweight/obese individuals causing loss of function and independence. Accordingly, a critical goal for overweight/obese adults is to lose fat mass while preserving lean mass to prevent the deleterious effects of inactivity and age-related metabolic diseases. Although numerous studies have manipulated combinations of diet and/or exercise training to promote weight loss, the optimal diet to improve body composition remains controversial. Furthermore, the composition of tissue losses (i.e. fat versus lean mass) is not always examined and individual responses to weight loss interventions have, to date, received little scientific enquiry. Further, the success of a weight loss intervention should be determined not only acutely, but also in terms of its efficacy in maintaining body composition changes. This thesis comprised a series of independent but related studies that investigated the role of exercise and energy-restricted diets of varying macronutrient composition on the maintenance of skeletal muscle mass and body composition...
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Baker, Paul A. "ROLE OF SKELETAL MUSCLE MASS IN SEX-DEPENDENT POWER OUTPUT DURING FLYWHEEL RESISTANCE TRAINING." UKnowledge, 2018. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/khp_etds/54.

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Background: To determine the role of muscle mass in sex-dependent differences in power output during flywheel resistance training (FRT). Methods: Twenty recreationally active (≥ 2 resistance exercise bouts per week), subjects (10 M, 10 F) completed 2 bouts of resistance exercise using a flywheel resistance training (FRT) device (Exxentric kbox 4 Pro) separated by at least one week. Each session consisted of 3 sets of 4 exercises (squat, bent-over row, Romanian deadlift, and biceps curl) with varying moments of inertia (0.050, 0.075, and 0.100 kg/m2, respectively) in random order. Each set consisted of 5 maximal effort repetitions with 3-minute recovery between sets. Average power, peak concentric and peak eccentric power were recorded and normalized to whole-body skeletal muscle mass (as calculated from bioelectrical impedence analysis). Additionally, linear regression analysis was used to determine the association between muscle mass and highest power output observed among all three inertial loads. Results: Absolute average, peak concentric and peak eccentric power for all lifts was significantly higher for males compared to females except for peak eccentric power for biceps curl which showed no significant difference. After normalizing to skeletal muscle mass, power output remained significantly higher for men in Row average power and peak concentric power as well as average power for biceps curl. A significant main effect of inertial load was noted for both absolute and relative power output for all exercises except for squat average power and peak concentric power. Regression analysis revealed that power output increases linearly with skeletal muscle mass (R2 = 0.37-0.77). Conclusions: Differences in power output between sexes during resistance exercise can largely be explained by differences in muscle mass. Indeed, muscle mass accounts for approximately 37-77% of the variance in power output during FRT depending on the exercise. Increasing inertial load tends to decrease power output during FRT.
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Patel, Harnish. "Life course influences on skeletal muscle morphology, mass and function in community dwelling older men." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.536307.

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Kelley, Joshua Jed. "Maintaining Skeletal Muscle Through Eccentric Exercise after Bariatric Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2019. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/7742.

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Purpose: To investigate the effects of eccentric exercise on lower body skeletal muscle mass during rapid body mass loss induced by bariatric surgery. Methods: All participants began 6 to 8 weeks after undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) or sleeve gastrectomy (SG). Skeletal muscle mass (SMM) in the lower body was measured via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); additional exercise measurements included muscular strength and functional capacity. Quality of life was measured using Short Form 36 (SF-36). Nineteen females (age = 37.6 ± 9.8 yr, height = 164.4 ± 7.2 cm, mass = 106.9 ± 15.6 kg) were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups: eccentric exercise (EEX; n = 6), concentric exercise (CEX; n = 7), or standard-of-care control (CON; n = 6). Exercise groups performed 30-minute lower-body exercise sessions 3 times per week for 16 weeks. Each month the exercise tests were evaluated. At the end of 16 weeks, all participants performed the final exercise tests, received a final MRI scan, and completed the SF-36 questionnaire. Results: Thirteen individuals completed the study. All groups lost mass: CON: 21.4 ± 3.7 kg (p < 0.001), CEX: 19.9 ± 4.0 kg (p = 0.001), and EEX: 21.8 ± 3.3 kg (p < 0.001). SMM decreased in all groups: CON: 0.77 ± 0.5 kg (p = 0.18), CEX: 1.19 ± 0.6 kg (p = 0.06), and EEX: 0.90 ± 0.5 kg (p = 0.09). The skeletal muscle loss in percent of total mass loss was 3.7 ± 4.1%. All measures of muscular strength showed no difference, except for a small decrease in dynamic (60°·sec-1) strength in the eccentric group. Functional capacity and physical quality of life increased significantly in all groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion: SMM loss still occurred in the lower body regardless of resistance training, but the loss was less than what was previously documented. Improved postsurgical functional capacity and physical quality of life may be due to a reduction in fat mass and maintenance of muscular strength during the period of rapid mass loss.
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Hosokawa, Motoyasu. "Loss of RNA-Binding Protein Sfpq Causes Long-Gene Transcriptopathy in Skeletal Muscle and Severe Muscle Mass Reduction with Metabolic Myopathy." Kyoto University, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/243307.

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Qamar, Muhammad Mustafa. "Long-term strength training reverses the effects of aging on skeletal muscle of health elderly men." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskap och medicin, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-27486.

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Introduction:  Aging is related to a gradual decline in skeletal muscle mass, which is associated with morphological modifications such as reduced muscle fiber cross-sectional area and satellite cell content. Data also suggest that a short-term strength training period can be an effective instrument to rejuvenate these morphological parameters and to restore muscle mass. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the effects of one year progressive strength training on fiber type-specific morphological parameters (fiber type composition, fiber area, satellite cell content, myonuclear number and domain) in skeletal muscle of elderly men.   Methods: Thirteen healthy elderly men (age range, 66-77 years) were randomly assigned into training (T) (n=7) and control (C) (n=6) groups. 52 weeks of progressive strength training was performed. Before and after the training, muscles biopsies were collected from the middle part of the vastus lateralis by percutaneous needle biopsy technique. Muscle biopsies were examined for muscle fiber type composition, fiber type-specific hypertrophy and alterations in satellite cell content, myonuclear content and domain using immuno-histochemistry.   Results: At baseline, myonuclear content and mean fiber area was larger in type I fibers compared to type II fibers (p<0.05). No statistically significant differences were found in fiber type composition, mean fiber area, satellite cell content and myonuclear domain between T and C groups at baseline. By the end of the training period, fiber area was increased by 59% (p<0.05) in type I and 71% (p<0.05) in type II. Satellite cell content, myonuclear content and myonuclear domain were increased after training in type I by 58% (p<0.05), 33% (p<0.05), and 20% (p<0.05), respectively. Similar increases in satellite cell content (+65%; p <0.05), myonuclear content (+36%; p <0.05) and myonuclear domain (+25%; p<0.05) were seen in type II fibers. Conclusion: The current study reported that long-term strength training is an excellent tool to prevent sarcopenia. It is demonstrated that skeletal muscle in elderly is capable to enhance satellite cell and myonuclear content, which contributed to muscle hypertrophy.

presentation was made in august 2012 and thesis is approved and got result as well in november 2012

For an enhanced reading experience go to a later version: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-31017.


This study was a part of a larger research project studying adaptations to strength, endurance and combined training
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Stuart, Charles A., Melanie P. McCurry, Anna Marino, Mark A. South, Mary E. A. Howell, Andrew S. Layne, Michael W. Ramsey, and Michael H. Stone. "Slow-Twitch Fiber Proportion in Skeletal Muscle Correlates With Insulin Responsiveness." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4123.

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Context: The metabolic syndrome, characterized by central obesity with dyslipidemia, hypertension, and hyperglycemia, identifies people at high risk for type 2 diabetes. Objective: Our objective was to determine how the insulin resistance of the metabolic syndrome is related to muscle fiber composition. Design:Thirty-nine sedentary men and women (including 22 with the metabolic syndrome) had insulin responsiveness quantified using euglycemic clamps and underwent biopsies of the vastus lateralis muscle. Expression of insulin receptors, insulin receptor substrate-1, glucose transporter 4, and ATP synthase were quantified with immunoblots and immunohistochemistry. Participants and Setting: Participants were nondiabetic,metabolic syndrome volunteers and sedentary control subjects studied at an outpatient clinic. Main Outcome Measures: Insulin responsiveness during an insulin clamp and the fiber composition of a muscle biopsy specimen were evaluated. Results: There were fewer type I fibers and more mixed (type IIa) fibers in metabolic syndrome subjects.Insulin responsiveness and maximal oxygen uptake correlated with the proportion of type I fibers.Insulin receptor,insulin receptor substrate-1, and glucose transporter 4 expression were not different in whole muscle but all were significantly less in the type I fibers of metabolic syndrome subjects when adjusted for fiber proportion and fiber size.Fat oxidation and muscle mitochondrial expression were not different in the metabolic syndrome subjects. Conclusion:Lower proportion of type I fibers in metabolic syndrome muscle correlated with the severity of insulin resistance. Even though whole muscle content was normal, key elements of insulin action were consistently less in type I muscle fibers, suggesting their distribution was important in mediating insulin effects
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Strandberg, Emelie. "Skeletal Muscle Mass & Function in Older Women : Health-Enhancing Influences of Combined Resistance Exercise & Diet." Doctoral thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskaper, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-61234.

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Ageing is accompanied by a progressive decline in skeletal muscle mass and strength which may lead to impaired ability to perform activities of daily living in older adults. Although the exact cause of the gradual decline in muscle mass is unknown, identifying efficient strategies aiming to prevent age-related loss of muscle mass and strength is important in order to promote healthy ageing. The overall aim of this thesis was to explore the effects of resistance training alone or combined with a healthy diet on skeletal muscle mass and function of healthy recreationally active older women and to determine mechanisms by which elevated systemic inflammation may contribute to the age-related decline of muscle mass in older adults. The combination of resistance training and a healthy diet induced gains in leg lean mass as well as greater gains in dynamic explosive force than resistance training alone in healthy recreationally active older women. The observed gains in leg lean mass were accompanied by increases in the size of type IIA muscle fibres together with down-regulation in gene expression of a pro-inflammatory factor (IL-1β) and upregulation in gene expression of a regulator of cellular growth (mTOR) in skeletal muscle of older women. Additionally, reduced muscle protein synthesis and size of muscle cells may mediate the detrimental effects of elevated circulating markers of inflammation on muscle mass in older adults. In conclusion, the present thesis depicts mechanistic links between elevated systemic marker of inflammation and muscle mass and provides new information on the effects of combined resistance training and healthy diet on muscle mass and strength in a group of healthy recreationally active older women. This knowledge is instrumental for development of strategies aiming to prevent age-related loss of muscle mass and function.
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Books on the topic "Appendicular skeletal muscle mass"

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McPhee, Jennifer. ID-1 and GDF-8 as negative regulators of skeletal muscle mass. Sudbury, Ont: Laurentian University, Behavioural Neuroscience Program, 1998.

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Sipilä, Sarianna. Physical training and skeletal muscle in elderly women: A study of muscle mass, composition, fiber characteristics and isometric strength. Jyväskylä [Finland]: University of Jyväskylä, 1996.

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Ogura, Yuji, Shuichi Sato, Yann Simon Gallot, and Susan Tsivitse Arthur, eds. Emerging Mechanisms for Skeletal Muscle Mass Regulation. Frontiers Media SA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/978-2-88971-639-5.

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Puthucheary, Zudin, Hugh Montgomery, Nicholas Hart, and Stephen Harridge. Skeletal Muscle Mass Regulation in Critical Illness. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199653461.003.0035.

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Muscle is a dynamic, plastic, and malleable tissue that is highly sensitive to mechanical and metabolic signals. Muscle mass is regulated by protein homeostasis, with protein being continually turned over, reflecting a balance between synthesis and breakdown. This chapter discusses the effect of critical illness on skeletal muscle mass, protein homeostasis, and the intracellular signalling driving anabolism and catabolism. The focus will be on the unique challenges to which the skeletal muscle are exposed, such as inflammation, sepsis, sedation, and inadequate nutrition, which, in combination with the disuse signals of immobilization and bed rest, engender dramatic changes in muscle structure and function. The mechanisms regulating muscle loss during critical illness are being unravelled, but many questions remain unanswered. Detailed understanding of these mechanisms will help drive strategies to minimize or prevent intensive care-acquired muscle weakness and the long-term consequences experienced by ICU survivors.
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Hough, Catherine L. The Impact of Critical Illness on Skeletal Muscle Structure. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199653461.003.0034.

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Patients with critical illness are at risk of profound weakness and skeletal muscle loss, and recovery is marked by prolonged physical functional impairment in many survivors. Muscle and nerve abnormalities found in critically ill patients include loss of muscle mass, muscle membrane inexcitability, polyneuropathy, mitochondrial dysfunction with bioenergetic failure, as well as changes in skeletal muscle structure. The most common histological abnormalities are atrophy of both type I and II fibres and thick filament loss; muscle necrosis is less common. While recent studies have illuminated the pathogenesis of critical illness myopathy, additional high-quality translational research is needed to identify targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Book chapters on the topic "Appendicular skeletal muscle mass"

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Egawa, Tatsuro. "Participation of AMPK in the Control of Skeletal Muscle Mass." In The Plasticity of Skeletal Muscle, 251–75. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3292-9_12.

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Batt, J., and C. C. dos Santos. "Changes in Skeletal Muscle Mass and Contractile Function." In Lessons from the ICU, 27–41. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-24250-3_3.

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Russell, Aaron P., and Bertrand Lèger. "Age-Related Changes in the Molecular Regulation of Skeletal Muscle Mass." In Sarcopenia – Age-Related Muscle Wasting and Weakness, 207–21. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9713-2_10.

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Dahlmann, Burkhardt, Lothar Kuehn, Friedrich Kopp, Hans Reinauer, and William T. Stauber. "Non - Lysosomal, High - Molecular - Mass Cysteine Proteinases from Rat Skeletal Muscle." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 215–23. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1057-0_26.

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McMahon, Chris D., Thea Shavlakadze, and Miranda D. Grounds. "Role of IGF-1 in Age-Related Loss of Skeletal Muscle Mass and Function." In Sarcopenia – Age-Related Muscle Wasting and Weakness, 393–418. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9713-2_17.

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Selberg, Oliver, Wolfgang Burchert, Goetz Graubner, Christian Wenner, Christiane Ehrenheim, and Manfred J. Müller. "Determination of Anatomical Skeletal Muscle Mass by Whole Body Nuclear Magnetic Resonance." In Human Body Composition, 95–97. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1268-8_22.

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Wang, Jack, John C. Thornton, and Richard N. Pierson. "Urinary Excretion of Creatinine and 3-Methylhistidine for Estimation of Skeletal Muscle Mass in Humans: An Overview." In Quality of the Body Cell Mass, 89–94. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2090-9_8.

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Tatebayashi, Daisuke, and Rei Ono. "Exercise Protocols for Counteracting Cancer Cachexia-Related Declines in Muscle Mass and Strength and the Clinical Assessment of Skeletal Muscle." In Physical Therapy and Research in Patients with Cancer, 215–51. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-6710-8_10.

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Goodman, Craig A. "The Role of mTORC1 in Regulating Protein Synthesis and Skeletal Muscle Mass in Response to Various Mechanical Stimuli." In Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology 166, 43–95. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/112_2013_17.

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Morioka, Tomoaki, Katsuhito Mori, Koka Motoyama, and Masanori Emoto. "Ectopic Fat Accumulation and Glucose Homeostasis: Role of Leptin in Glucose and Lipid Metabolism and Mass Maintenance in Skeletal Muscle." In Musculoskeletal Disease Associated with Diabetes Mellitus, 201–13. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55720-3_14.

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Conference papers on the topic "Appendicular skeletal muscle mass"

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Benz, G. Elizabeth, Emmely W. De Roos, Katerina Trajanoska, Sara Wijnant, Marten Van Den Berg, Maria De Ridder, Lisa Van Der Burgh, et al. "Longitudinal changes in appendicular skeletal muscle mass among asthma and COPD subjects: The Rotterdam Study." In ERS International Congress 2020 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2020.1437.

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Robbins, Hilary, Selim M. Arcasoy, Jessie S. Wilt, Lori Shah, Shefali Sanyal, Eric Peterson, Nisha Philip, Joshua R. Sonett, and David J. Lederer. "Skeletal Muscle Mass And Function In Lung Transplant Candidates." In American Thoracic Society 2012 International Conference, May 18-23, 2012 • San Francisco, California. American Thoracic Society, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2012.185.1_meetingabstracts.a5333.

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Neal, Devin, Mahmut Selman Sakar, and H. Harry Asada. "Bioengineered Fascicle-Like Skeletal Muscle Tissue Constructs." In ASME 2012 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2012-80228.

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Tissue engineered skeletal muscle constructs have and will continue to be valuable in treating, and testing various muscle injuries and diseases. However a significant drawback to numerous methods of producing 3D skeletal muscle constructs grown in vitro is that muscle cell density as a fraction of total volume or mass, is often significantly lower than muscle found in vivo. Therefore a method to increase muscle cell density within a construct is needed.
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Walowski, CO, W. Braun, MJ Maisch, B. Jensen, S. Peine, K. Norman, MJ Müller, and A. Bosy-Westphal. "Reference values for skeletal muscle mass – Current concepts and methodological considerations." In Kongress Ernährung 2020 – Medizin fürs Leben. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1710224.

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Gallot-Lavallée, A., T. Zingg, J. Yerly, S. Eminian, M. Bourgeat, J. F. Knebel, E. Uldry, P. Omoumi, and F. Becce. "Do Skeletal Muscle Mass and Quality Predict Mortality in Patients with Pelvic Fractures?" In 26th Annual Scientific Meeting of the European Society of Musculoskeletal Radiology (ESSR). Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1692556.

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Lee, KwanHo, HyeWon Bang, and SeungHye Choi. "Abstract P2-08-30: Association between skeletal muscle mass and mammographic breast density." In Abstracts: 2019 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; December 10-14, 2019; San Antonio, Texas. American Association for Cancer Research, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs19-p2-08-30.

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Mason, S., R. Moreta-Martinez, W. W. Labaki, M. J. Strand, E. A. Regan, J. Bon, R. San Jose Estepar, et al. "Longitudinal Association Between Skeletal Muscle Mass and All-Cause Mortality in Ever-Smokers." In American Thoracic Society 2021 International Conference, May 14-19, 2021 - San Diego, CA. American Thoracic Society, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2021.203.1_meetingabstracts.a2283.

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Tantono, Henny, Mohammad Rizki Akbar, Badai B. Tiksnadi, Triwedya Indra Dewi, Sylvie Sakasasmita, Maryam Jamilah, Daniel Womsiwor, Ambrosius Purba, Augustine Purnomowati, and Toni Mustahsani Aprami. "Correlation of Fat Free Mass and Skeletal Muscle Mass with Left Ventricular Mass in Indonesian Elite Wrestlers and Dragon Boat Rowers." In Surabaya International Physiology Seminar. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0007334101280132.

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Inui, K., T. Koike, Y. Sugioka, T. Okano, K. Mamoto, Y. Yamada, K. Mandai, M. Tada, H. Nagata, and H. Nakamura. "SAT0144 Effect of aging on bone mass and skeletal muscle mass in elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis: tomorrow study." In Annual European Congress of Rheumatology, EULAR 2018, Amsterdam, 13–16 June 2018. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2018-eular.1780.

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Gustafson, Kenneth J., and Steven H. Reichenbach. "In Situ Thermal Measurements for Estimaton of Relative Metabolic Utilization in Skeletal Muscle." In ASME 1998 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1998-0181.

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Abstract A variety of systems to drive cardiac assist devices with power from skeletal muscle have been proposed and are under development. The power available from a fixed mass of muscle is metabolically limited and maximizing sustained power is required for the successful application of such devices. The purpose of this study is to develop an approach that can yield relative metabolic utilization measures from single contractions of whole muscle used for cardiac assistance. Similar to classical muscle energetic studies, myothermic methods were employed in which muscle temperature was measured with a fast responding thermister and an infrared radiation thremopile transducer. In a series of tests on rabbit soleus muscle, the relative temperature increases during contractions were recorded. Relative muscle temperature increase was linearly related to the contraction duration. This relationship was incorporated into an existing muscle model to predict the optimum parameters for sustained skeletal muscle power generation.
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Reports on the topic "Appendicular skeletal muscle mass"

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Zimmers, Teresa. Does Skeletal Muscle Mass Influence Breast Cancer? Evaluating Mammary Tumorigenesis and Progression Genetically Hyper-Muscular Mice. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada462030.

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Yang, Hui, Xi-Xi Wan, Hui Ma, Zhen LI, Li Weng, Ying Xia, and Xiao-Ming Zhang. Prevalence and mortality risk of low skeletal muscle mass in critically ill patients: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.11.0132.

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Review question / Objective: The PICOS principle was adopted when we confirmed the study eligibility. The inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) patients were critically ill, which was defined as adult patients who were from the ICU department; (2) exposure: patients had a clear definition of LSMM based on CT scans, anthropometric methods and ultrasound; (3) presented the prevalence of LSMM or could be calculated by the available data from the article; and (4) study design: observational study (cohort study or cross-sectional study). Articles that were reviews, case reports, comments, correspondences, letters or only abstracts were excluded. Condition being studied: Critical illness often results in low skeletal muscle mass for multiple reasons. Multiple studies have explored the association between low skeletal muscle mass and mortality. The prevalence of low skeletal muscle mass and its association with mortality are unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to identify the prevalence and mortality risk of low skeletal muscle mass among critically ill patients.
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Phillips, Stuart, Kyle Lau, Alysha D'Souza, and Everson Nunes. An umbrella review of systematic reviews of β-hydroxy-β-methyl butyrate (HMB) supplementation in promoting skeletal muscle mass and function in aging and clinical practice. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.10.0072.

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Review question / Objective: An umbrella review of systematic reviews of the use of β-hydroxy-β-methyl butyrate (HMB) supplementation in promoting skeletal muscle mass and function in aging and clinical practice. Condition being studied: Muscle mass (and various proxies thereof), strength, and physical function. Information sources: Pubmed, Web of Science, Embase.
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Geisler, Corinna, Mark Hübers, and Manfred Müller. Assessment of adult malnutrition with bioelectrical impedance analysis. Universitatsbibliothek Kiel, September 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21941/manueltask13.

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The two aims of this study were to evaluate (i) the prevalence of malnutrition based on age, sex and BMI specific PA and (ii) to determinate what specific body composition characteristics (skeletal muscle mass and adipose tissue) are related to a low PA.
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Jalil, Yorschua, and Ruvistay Gutierrez. Myokines secretion and their role in critically ill patients. A scoping review protocol. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.9.0048.

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Review question / Objective: 1-How and by which means stimulated muscle from critically ill patients can liberate myokines?, 2-Which are the main characteristics of the critically ill population studied and if some of these influenced myokine´s secretion?, 5-Can myokines exert local or distant effects in critically ill patients?, 5-Which are the potential effects of myokines in critically ill patients? Eligibility criteria: Participants and context: We will include primary studies (randomized or non-randomized trials, observational studies, case series or case report) that consider hospitalized critically ill adult patients (18 years or older) in risk for developing some degree of neuromuscular disorders such as ICU-AW, diaphragmatic dysfunction, or muscle weakness, therefore the specific setting will be critical care. Concept: This review will be focused on studies regarding the secretion or measure of myokines or similar (exerkines, cytokines or interleukin) by any mean of muscle activation or muscle contraction such as physical activity, exercise or NMES, among others. The latter strategies must be understood as any mean by which muscle, and there for myocytes, are stimulated as result of muscle contraction, regardless of the frequency, intensity, time of application and muscle to be stimulated (upper limb, lower limb, thoracic or abdominal muscles). We also will consider myokine´s effects, local or systemic, over different tissues in terms of their structure or function, such as myocytes function, skeletal muscle mass and strength, degree of muscle wasting or myopathies, among others.
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