Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Appareils électroniques – Conception et construction'
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Marty, Bertrand. "Conception, réalisation et mise en œuvre d'une plateforme d'instrumentation thermique pour des applications microfluidiques." Toulouse 3, 2009. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/696/.
Full textThe concept of lab on chip was created in the beginning of 90'. In our case, for chemical applications in microfluidic environment, the temperature control is the first physical phenomenon to be studied. Thermal actuators are encountered in several microsystems applications as hot plates for gas sensors, thermo-mechanic actuators for optical switching, igniters for microthusters, or heaters for droplet ejectors. We present in this thesis a generic approach for the development of polysilicon diodes for thermal sensing and control applications in microfluidic environment. We propose a simple and reliable technology based on symmetrical polysilicon diodes (Zener effect) that can be implemented either on silicon, glass or silicon carbide substrates. We have a dual device which can be used both for thermal sensing and actuating applications. Electrical characterization show thermal sensitivities from 220 to 22 mV/°C, that's depend on geometrical and technological parameters. The capacity to measure temperature in microfluidic environment was demonstrated for different substrates. Last part of this work concerns the development of an instrumentation platform linked to a computer that allows a simple determination of the detected temperature from current measurement
Ameknassi, Lhoussaine. "Stratégie de mise en œuvre de l'éco-conception : aspects techniques & organisationnels." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/23404.
Full textGoument, Caroline. "Caractérisation, mise en forme et recyclage de polymères biosourcés pour le développement d’un procédé de fabrication plastronique respectueux de l’environnement." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon, INSA, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ISAL0109.
Full textIn the majority of cases, electronic objects in our everyday life have a plastic casing made of petrochemical polymer materials. Today, replacing the petrochemical-based materials with more environmentally-friendly ones is a necessary transition. 3D plastronics is an emerging field of research than can overcome some of the limitations of conventional electronics, particularly as it requires to redefine the polymer substrates. This PhD is part of the BIOANTENNA project of the AURA Region's Ambition Research Pack, whose goal is to manufacture an innovative electronic device in terms of the materials used and the functionalities of the electronic circuit. In this thesis, we study a mass production process for electronic devices called In-Mold Electronics (IME). It comprises three main stages: screen printing, thermoforming and injection molding. In the state of the art, the reference polymer in IME is PolyCarbonate (PC). Our goal is to replace PC with a more environmentally-friendly material: Poly(Lactic Acid) (PLA). Over the last ten years, this polymer has been the subject of numerous studies in order to use it as an alternative to petrochemical-based engineering polymers. PLA is the most widely used biosourced polymer today. It is also biodegradable in industrial composting, which could provide a solution for end-of-life products and make it suitable for use in the circular economy. This manuscript is divided in two main parts : one regarding the manufacturing of a plastronic device using IME and PLA, and the other on the dismantling of the IME devices manufactured in the first part
Baudry, David. "Conception, validation et exploitation d'un dispositif de champs électromagnétiques proches. Application CEM." Rouen, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ROUES016.
Full textThe work presented in this thesis involves the design, the development and the validation of a near field measurement bench that is used as a tool for diagnosis and investigation in the problems of electromagnetic compatibility (ECM). This measurement bench is based on a direct measurement method using electronic probes : a coaxial probe, a dipole and a wire loop. While being based on electromagnetic simulations, the developed measurement bench as well as the used probes are studied and validated on cases tests made up of planar passive circuits. Various applications of the measurement bench are presented : study of microwaves functions and measurement of S circuit internal parameters, insulation of the electromagnetic radiation sources, study of the coupling phenomena, characterization of cables shielding, measurement of the components led emissions, measurement and modelling of the components radiated emissions
Rios, José. "Etude et conception de dispositifs MOS-Thyristor autoamorçables et à blocage commandé." Toulouse 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOU30014.
Full textJunker, Nicolas. "Conception et dimensionnement de pièces de robinetterie en matériaux composites." Paris, ENMP, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ENMP1053.
Full textTounsi, Patrick. "Méthodologie de la conception thermique des circuits électroniques hybrides et problèmes connexes." Toulouse, INSA, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ISAT0039.
Full textAzzi, Victor, and Victor Azzi. ""Sensor-in-fibre" optical probes for molecular sensing in the gastrointestinal tract of murine models." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37631.
Full textL’obésité et les maladies cardiométaboliques sont des problèmes de santé publique dans les populations nordiques du Canada ainsi qu’à travers le monde. Il est actuellement proposé que l’augmentation de ces désordres est en partie causée par divers facteurs environnementaux qui génèrent des changements importants du microbiote intestinal. Cette communauté microbienne qui peuple notre tractus gastrointestinal joue un rôle clé dans le métabolisme de nutriments, mais peut aussi avoir des effets néfastes lorsque son équilibre avec l’hôte est perturbé. Cette compréhension a mis en évidence le manque d’outils prédictifs permettant un diagnostic rapide et efficace dans le domaine biomédical. L’analyse actuelle du microbiote est réalisée à posteriori au niveau des selles, ce qui requiert du personnel hautement qualifié de même que des procédures longues et dispendieuses. L’objectif de ce projet est de concevoir un capteur optique qui, une fois implanté dans l’intestin, permettra de détecter en temps réel des biomarqueurs clés produit par le microbiome intestinal. Dans le cadre d’une preuve de concept, une architecture fibrée simple permettant de mesurer quantitativement des variations de pH est démontrée. Contrairement aux capteurs fibrés traditionnels, la sonde optique de ce projet exploite l’onde évanescente générée sur la périphérie de l’interface pour exciter des nanomatériaux greffés dont les propriétés de fluorescence varient selon leur environnement chimique. Les mesures sont possibles grâce à un système optique mobile contrôlé par un logiciel convivial qui permet à un utilisateur nonexpert d’utiliser l’appareil. Les résultats confirment qu’avec un étalonnage préalable il est possible avec cette sonde modèle de prendre des mesures quantitatives du pH en temps réel in vitro. Les expériences préliminaires suggèrent que la sonde permet aussi de mesurer le pH en temps réel dans l’intestin in vivo.
Obesity and cardiometabolic diseases (CMD) are major public health issues among Canada’s northern population and throughout the world. It is believed that the exponential rise in CMD incidence is due to numerous environmental factors, which are driving important changes in the gut microbiome. This microbial community which populates our intestinal tract plays a key role in nutrient and energy metabolism, but can also drive pathogenic mechanisms when its interaction with the host is disrupted. This understanding has highlighted the lack of predictive tools and biomarkers for rapid and efficient diagnostic of various diseases within the medical field. Current analysis of the gut microbiota is mostly based on sequencing technologies to determine microbial composition and gene expression, while functional analyses are limited to surrogate markers of microbial activities through stool metabolites. The goal of this study is to develop a “Sensor-in-Fibre” probe with the capacity to detect key microbiome-derived molecules relevant to CMD pathogenesis in real time in vivo. The optical probe takes advantage of evanescent fields generated on its peripheral interface to excite species-selective surface-grafted sensing nanomaterials that have varying fluorescent properties based on the target molecules present in the surrounding environment. As a model system, FITC functionalized with (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane was grafted on the periphery of an optical fiber, leading to qualitative pH measurements revealed through fluorescence emission qualities. These measurements are possible due to the use of a mobile signal collection apparatus in conjunction with custom software made to enable a non-expert technician to use it. The experimental results demonstrate that, with the appropriate preparation, it is possible to quantitatively measure pH with this probe structure in vitro and preliminary studies suggest that the probe is also capable of measuring pH in vivo in real time.
Obesity and cardiometabolic diseases (CMD) are major public health issues among Canada’s northern population and throughout the world. It is believed that the exponential rise in CMD incidence is due to numerous environmental factors, which are driving important changes in the gut microbiome. This microbial community which populates our intestinal tract plays a key role in nutrient and energy metabolism, but can also drive pathogenic mechanisms when its interaction with the host is disrupted. This understanding has highlighted the lack of predictive tools and biomarkers for rapid and efficient diagnostic of various diseases within the medical field. Current analysis of the gut microbiota is mostly based on sequencing technologies to determine microbial composition and gene expression, while functional analyses are limited to surrogate markers of microbial activities through stool metabolites. The goal of this study is to develop a “Sensor-in-Fibre” probe with the capacity to detect key microbiome-derived molecules relevant to CMD pathogenesis in real time in vivo. The optical probe takes advantage of evanescent fields generated on its peripheral interface to excite species-selective surface-grafted sensing nanomaterials that have varying fluorescent properties based on the target molecules present in the surrounding environment. As a model system, FITC functionalized with (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane was grafted on the periphery of an optical fiber, leading to qualitative pH measurements revealed through fluorescence emission qualities. These measurements are possible due to the use of a mobile signal collection apparatus in conjunction with custom software made to enable a non-expert technician to use it. The experimental results demonstrate that, with the appropriate preparation, it is possible to quantitatively measure pH with this probe structure in vitro and preliminary studies suggest that the probe is also capable of measuring pH in vivo in real time.
Résumé en espagnol
Résumé en espagnol
Peyrol, Eric. "Gestion d'un atelier de fabrication de composants électroniques." Toulouse, INPT, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992INPT001G.
Full textStandarovski, Denis. "Contribution à la conception de circuits intégrés analogiques en technologie CMOS basse tension pour application aux instruments d'observation de la Terre." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2005. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/7450/1/standarovski.pdf.
Full textBoivin, Jonathan. "Conception et caractérisation d'un dosimètre à fibre scintillante pour des applications en imagerie diagnostique et interventionnelle." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26905.
Full textThis thesis deals with the development of a plastic scintillation detector for low energy photon eams. The main goal of the project consists in the design and characterization of this tool in the aim of measuring the radiation dose involved during diagnostic and interventional radiology examinations. The first section is devoted to the design of six different systems and to their performance evaluation when they are exposed to high and low energy radiation. For all photodetectors, the relative standard deviation (RSD) was less than 5% for dose rates higher than 3 mGy/s. This systematic approach identified the photomultiplier tube as the most appropriate photodetector for radiology specific beam qualities. Indeed, its RSD was less than 1% when the dose rate was below 0.10 mGy/s. The result analysis allowed the suggestion of some guidelines for the selection of an appropriate detector for a specific application. The second part was about this detector application to interventional radiology procedures by performing dose measurements at an anthropomorphic phantom surface. Several clinically relevant setups were reproduced to observe the detector’s accuracy and reliability. The RSD remained under 2% when the dose rate was more than 3 mGy/min and about 10% at the lowest dose rate (0.25 mGy/min). Phantom measurements showed a dose rate difference between the detector and the ion chamber of less than 4% when moving the table’s height or rotating the fluoroscope gantry. Moreover, this difference was below 2% for depth dose rate measurements. The last subject of this thesis was about the fundamental physics of scintillation within the plastic scintillators. The factors affecting the light emission were analyzed in order to identify their respective contribution. The detector’s response increased by a factor of about 4 when the tube potential varied between 20 kVp and 250 kVp. The clear optical response was below 0.5%of the scintillator’s light when the fibers were exposed on 10 cm-long by these beam qualities. he ionization quenching phenomenon was also investigated. The signal attenuation varied with the beam energy and reached about 20% for a 20 kVp beam quality. In conclusion, this study suggests that the plastic scintillation detectors can accurately measure the radiation dose involved in diagnostic and interventional radiology, but a rigorous calibration is essential.
Vu, Dinh-Son. "Synthèse sur la conception, commande et planification de trajectoire d'une interface de locomotion pour la réadaptation de la marche." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27756.
Full textCette thèse synthétise la conception d'une plateforme de marche destinée à la réadaptation des membres inférieurs pour le mouvement de la marche. L'automatisation du travail des thérapeutes, la réduction de leur charge de travail et la diversification des exercices pour les patients est un atout par rapport aux outils existants sur le marché tels que les tapis roulants ou les allées instrumentées pour la réadaptation. La conception d'une interface de locomotion pour la simulation de la marche présente des défis en terme de performance et de stabilité du mécanisme, de même que pour assurer la sécurité de l'utilisateur. L'équilibre de l'utilisateur doit être préservé grâce à une interaction humain-robot souple durant la phase d'élancement du pied et une sensation de rigidité lors de la phase d'appui. Dans un premier temps, la thèse présente le mouvement de la marche humaine pour trois types de milieux, c'est-à-dire la marche au sol, la marche d'escalier ascendante et la marche d'escalier descendante. Entre autres, le chapitre 1 cible les points essentiels de la cinématique et de la dynamique des membres inférieurs afin d'établir les exigences physiques pour la conception de la plateforme de marche. Le chapitre 2 introduit l'architecture mécanique de l'interface de locomotion basé sur deux systèmes indépendants de courroies déplaçant les deux effecteurs dans les translations horizontale et verticale, correspondant au plan sagittal dans lequel la majeure partie du mouvement de marche s'effectue. L'architecture du routage de courroies découple les degrés de liberté et simplifie ainsi la commande de la plateforme en séparant chaque degré de liberté en système indépendant. Cette architecture augmente également le rendement des efforts articulaires transmis aux effecteurs comparativement à un système dont les degrés de liberté sont co-dépendants. La thèse introduit ensuite la commande mise en place pour l'interaction entre le mécanisme et l'opérateur. Les exigences cinématiques et dynamiques diffèrent selon la phase d'élancement et la phase d'appui de la marche. Ainsi, le chapitre 3 présente la stratégie mise en place dans la direction horizontale pour minimiser les forces d'interaction entre l'utilisateur et l'effecteur. La commande en force permet, dans un premier temps, de diminuer l'inertie apparente de l'effecteur ressentie par l'utilisateur. Par la suite, un mécanisme passif à câbles est utilisé en tant qu'interface pour réduire davantage l'impédance ressentie du système. Le chapitre 4, quant à lui, décrit la stratégie mise en place pour gérer la phase d'appui de la marche afin de générer la contrainte rigide nécessaire à la simulation du sol virtuel. Le chapitre introduit la commande pour générer la limite virtuelle ainsi que la mise en place du système d'équilibrage statique à ressort à gaz pour diminuer le travail des moteurs et supporter le poids de la personne. Finalement, le chapitre 5 introduit la commande haut niveau pour générer le mouvement infini sur l'interface de locomotion avec un algorithme de recul, ramenant l'utilisateur dans la direction opposée à son mouvement pour générer l'espace nécessaire aux prochaines phases de marche, dans la direction horizontale comme pour le fonctionnement d'un tapis de course et dans la direction verticale, comme pour le fonctionnement d'un escalier mécanique inversé.
This thesis summarizes the design of a locomotion interface for gait rehabilitation. The aim of the mechanism is to alleviate the workload of therapists by automating the repetitive movements involved in the rehabilitation exercises. Moreover, by offering a larger panel of exercises, the locomotion interface should be an asset compared to standard treadmills or rehabilitation walkways. Walking simulation is a challenge in terms of performance, power and safety since the mechanism includes the user in the workspace of the effectors. The balance of the user should be ensured during the swing phase with a reduced human-robot interaction and reliable during the stance phase. First, Chapter 1 describes the walking motion, the stair climbing up and down movement and highlights their main kinematic and dynamic features. Chapter 2 then introduces the architecture of the locomotion interface based on independent belt routings which transmit the movement to two end-effectors that carry the user. Each foot platform has two degrees of freedom (dofs) corresponding to the horizontal and vertical translations in the sagittal plane. Decoupling the dofs simplifies the control of the locomotion interface and increases the efficiency of the torque of the motor sent to the end-effectors compared to systems with co-dependent degrees-of-freedom. Then, the thesis presents the strategies used to supervise the human-robot interaction. The kinematic and dynamic requirements are different during the swing phase and the stance phase of the human gait. Therefore, Chapter 3 introduces the force controllers that lighten the apparent inertia of the mechanism as well as the additional mechanism based on passive cables in order to further alleviate the impedance of the effector. Chapter 4 presents the controller that generates the vertical virtual constraint in order to produce the required reliable floor during the stance phase. The rendering of the virtual environment is improved with the implementation of a static balancing system based on gas springs that alleviates the workload of the motors that handle the weight of the user. Finally, Chapter 5 introduces the cancellation algorithm that generates the infinite environment. Horizontally, the user is brought backward such as on a treadmill. Vertically, the user is moved in the opposite direction of his/her movement such as in a reversed escalator.
Godjo, Thierry Gorlon. "Développement d'une méthode de conception orientée utilisateurs : cas des équipements agroalimentaires tropicaux." Grenoble INPG, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007INPG0029.
Full textLn West Africa countries, the design of food-processing equipment requires better user integration throughout each phase of the design process. Usually, there is often a break in user integration, with users only being consulted at the launching of the project during the need analysis phase and then at the end during prototype testing in real conditions. During the interim period, the design team works alone, with the significant risk of taking decisions in place of the users. To promote better user integration, the whole design process, we propose a new tool to provide better understanding of the conventional process and therefore the need, and a methodological framework: COSU Method. COSU method comprises four scenarios which are objects and are used as interface with the users
Flecheux, Cédric. "Développement d'un carottier pour la caractérisation in situ du pergélisol." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25776.
Full textIn permafrost areas, environmental changes such as infrastructure building and climate change have effects on the thermal regime of soil and can prompt unusual permafrost melt. As a consequence, this will lead to degradation of the mechanical properties of the soil. Thus, good knowledge about permafrost characteristics is essential to make right decisions during building projects. The goal of this project is to facilitate the execution of campaigns related to thaw settlement assessment of frozen soils. This can be achieved by developing a drilling tool that is able to carry out these in situ tests. A prototype was built. From the outside, the invention looks like an ice coring auger. Laboratory tests were made in pure ice and synthetic permafrost barrels. The coring ability and the reliability of the thaw settlement tests were appreciated for different kind of soils, fine and coarser.
Coillot, Christophe. "Méthode de conception de composants magnétiques à noyaux pour l'électronique de puissance." Montpellier 2, 1999. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01165163.
Full textBerra, Paolo. "Conception, construction et essai d'un accélérateur linéaire à protons impulsé à 3 GHz (LIBO) pour la thérapie du cancer." Lyon 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LYO10163.
Full textZhu, Ye. "Modélisation simplifiée et méthodologie d'intégration des faisceaux électriques dans les simulations numériques pour des applications de pré-dimensionnement CEM en avance de phase." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CLF21789.
Full textRemy, Laurent. "Mise en place d'une nouvelle méthode de conception orientée DFM." Phd thesis, Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille I, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00524319.
Full textRemy, Laurent. "Mise en place d'une nouvelle méthode de conception orientée DFM." Phd thesis, Aix-Marseille 1, 2010. https://theses.hal.science/tel-00524319.
Full textThe first part of this thesis presents a state of the art of different DFM approaches in the industrial production flow. A new DFM design methodology is defined. It is called DFM², and it is mainly based on the intensification of interactions between design and process. The cell design is the center of these interactions in order to apply DFM optimizations before the circuit conception. The following of the study presents results about the decrease of the design dependence versus process variations in many domains, such as planarity or lithography for both FEOL and BEOL. A statistical study about the metallization step is then proposed, in order to model the impact of metal filling patterns on electrical performances of circuits. The results obtained allow defining new simulations corners in order to take into account this effect at the cell design step. Finally, an aided-cell design tool (DUTY) is proposed. Its goal is to help designers to adopt DFM² methodology by proposing DFM optimizations, mainly based on previous obtained results. Furthermore, the goal of DUTY is to correlate DFM modifications with yield optimization
Schneider, Henri. "Conception, étude et réalisation d'un simulateur analogique temps réel en vue de l'application au diagnostic et à l'estimation des variables des systèmes électrotechniques." Toulouse, INPT, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPT006H.
Full textPoursaman, Samaneh. "Development of a drag probe for instantaneous velocity measurement of molten aluminium in electrolysis cell." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67957.
Full textThe development of a drag probe for instantaneous velocity measurement of molten aluminium in an electrolysis cell is performed in this master project. Because of the strong effects of flow hydrodynamics on energy efficiency of electrolysis cell, researchers studied this phenomenon through numerical simulations for decades. However, there is little experimental data to validate velocity profiles obtained from these numerical simulations. A literature review over possible methods for velocity measurement in aluminium electrolysis cell has been done. However, the challenges of velocimetry inside the electrolysis cell are beyond capabilities of most of methods suggested in literature. The high magnitude of the magnetic field from the passage of high DC current through the process would strongly affect electronic instruments. The high temperature of molten aluminium (up to 960°C) is reason to discard many suggested techniques. Besides, the aggressive environment of reduction cell limits the choice of materials for measurement methods with parts immersing inside the cell. Considering all those difficulties, a new attempt is undertaken to measure molten aluminium velocity with a drag probe inspired from a proven device first used for wind velocity measurement. The new device is designed to minimize vortex shedding, to increase the drag coefficient and to be applicable in the harsh environment of aluminium reduction cell. This document presents the probe developed for the electrolysis cell, its calibration in a water channel at room temperature, and the velocity results obtained within electrolysis cell.
Fortin, Pier-Luc. "Combinaison incohérente de faisceaux pour les systèmes laser multi-kilowatt." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27802.
Full textLes travaux présentés dans ce mémoire portent sur le développement de combinateurs de signal permettant de réaliser la combinaison incohérente de lasers à fibre monomodes de haute puissance. L'objectif principal est de comprendre l'influence des différents paramètres de conception d'un combinateur sur le facteur de qualité de faisceau obtenu à sa sortie. D'abord, une première section aborde la propagation des faisceaux laser en espace libre. On y présente comment calculer le facteur de qualité de faisceau en fonction d'un profil de champ électrique donné. Une seconde section s'attarde ensuite aux fibres optiques et introduit les principales notions nécessaires à la compréhension de ces travaux. Une troisième section porte sur l'utilisation de fibres optiques effilées en tant qu'adaptateurs modaux. On y expose comment faire varier les propriétés des modes en utilisant des composants effilés. L'analyse théorique des combinateurs de signal est ensuite effectuée. Des simulations numériques sont réalisées afin de déterminer l'influence des principaux paramètres de conception sur la qualité de faisceau obtenue en sortie d'un combinateur. Le facteur de rétrécissement des fibres optiques, la longueur de la zone de rétrécissement et les propriétés de la fibre multimode utilisée sont analysés en détail. La valeur optimale de chacun de ces paramètres est déterminée pour le cas où 7 fibres de type (15-125-0.10) sont utilisées pour former le combinateur. Il est démontré que la limite théorique de qualité de faisceau d'une telle configuration est de M2 = 2:8. Une dernière section porte sur la fabrication de combinateurs de signal en laboratoire. Une série de combinateurs à 7 fibres d'entrée dont le facteur de qualité de faisceau moyen est de M2 = 3:95 a été fabriquée. Ces combinateurs sont caractérisés par des pertes d'insertion situées entre 0.9% et 1.3 % et leurs propriétés thermiques démontrent qu'ils pourraient être utilisés pour combiner une puissance totale de 6 kW.
Iosif, Vadim. "Conception et mise au point des bobines inorganiques pour des actionneurs électriques capables de travailler aux températures extrêmes." Thesis, Artois, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ARTO0205/document.
Full textThe weak point of electrical machines is the Electrical Insulation System (EIS) of their windings. The best current solutions are based on polymers, they provide lifetimes over 20000h when the temperature at the hottest point of the windings does not exceed 240° C. Consequently, the organic nature of the electric machines EIS represents a technological lock for operating at higher temperatures that have many applications in aeronautics, for designing larger electric generators located near the propulsion turbines of airplanes for instance. The main goal of the research works presented consist in studying the possibility of building the windings of high-temperature electrical machines (HT°) with inorganic EIS which make it possible to work durably at 500°C. The consequences of this technological leap towards high temperatures are analyzed in detail. A large part is devoted to magnetic aspects caused by the presence of a diffusion barrier made of nickel added to the copper wire to avoid oxidation at high temperatures.The first part of the thesis is devoted to the development of a fully inorganic electrical isolation system, which allows to overcome the technological lock due to the presence of polymers in conventional solutions. The second part is devoted to the study of the voltage distribution between the turns of the HT° coil when the machine is powered by a modern electronic converter od aeronautics that imposes very steep voltage fronts
Margueron, Xavier. "Élaboration sans prototypage du circuit équivalent de transformateurs de type planar." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006GRE10168.
Full textPlanar technology is very interesting for transformer used in aeronautical equipment because components are very thin so they can be used into small space. Unfortunately, dimensioning such transformers, when they work at frequencies upper than 100 KHz, is a difficult work because rules and tools conception are not the same as in standard winding transformers. In this thesis, transformers are represented by equivalent circuits and they are identified by impedance measurements. Due to the high number of circuit parameters, optimization of such component will be compromised if parameters computations were based on fem simulations. That is why we have focused this work on analytical computation. The goal is to deduce equivalent circuit parameters with analytical calculation based on physic and geometric caracterisitics. For example, each element of the static leakeage transformer can be deduced using PEEC formulas. Then, problems due to parallel windings, which always appear when transformer current are close to hundred Amperes, are studied. A simple analytical calculation based on one dimensional propagation enable to realize equivalent circuit and Pspice simulations in order to find quickly the best arrangement of windings conductors. In the last part, copper losses in transformers and also in rectangular conductors are studied. Solutions are tested by fem simulations in order to reduce eddy current losses. Multipolar development is finally used for optimizing these losses
Rocheleau, Simon-Guy. "Petit robot marcheur : plateforme tout-terrain (PROMPT)." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/26968/26968.pdf.
Full textBégin-Drolet, André. "Développement d'un anémomètre anti-glace chauffant pour le domaine de l'énergie éolienne." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29593/29593.pdf.
Full textTreglia, Robert. "Système automatique de caractérisation paramétrique de composants semiconducteurs." Aix-Marseille 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AIX30065.
Full textEsteban, Rojas Ricardo Mauricio. "Validation industrielle de la mesure du différentiel d'eau dans une colonne de flottation." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28455/28455.pdf.
Full textCoulaud, Maxime. "Conception d'un banc de calibration pour l'étalonnage de capteurs de frottement pariétal." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30153/30153.pdf.
Full textThis Master’s thesis presents the design of a hydraulic tunnel. The bench should allow calibrating wall shear stress hot-film probes easily and rapidly. During this project, 3D CFD simulations have been performed to find minimum aspect ratio and minimum length of development to reach 2D fully developed flow. Then, mechanical and hydraulic analyses have been carried out to determine if the design conforms to specifications. After manufacturing, velocity and pressure measurements have been performed respectively with a LDV system and differential pressure sensor. By comparing different velocity profiles, it has been confirmed that the flow in test section is 2D fully developed. However, some discrepancies with the literature and the CFD simulations have been detected. The study of some parameters allowed to determine possible causes for these differences and to propose future studies to improve wall shear stress estimation.
Egot, Stéphane. "Intégration des équipements électroniques dans la modélisation de l'architecture électrique des véhicules automobiles : application à la prédiction de compatibilité électromagnétique dans les phases amont de la conception." Lille 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LIL10151.
Full textThis thesis deals with the elaboration and the evaluation of an integration methodology of electronic equipment in the EMC modeling of the electrical architecture in the early design phase of a vehicle. The proposed approach is based on dissociating the equipment modeling into two complementary parts involving the car manufacturer and the elctronic supplier. The feasibility of this modeling technique primarily required ton characterize the interaction between the equipment and the car body. Besides, the different factors having an influence on the validity of the model were examined as well as its needed level of precision. The latter issue was considered by taking into account the globality of the system, especially the variability brought by the random bundling of the cable harness. Finally the proposed method was evaluated by comparing statistical measurement and simulation results obtained on a realistic electronic sub-system
Hery, Maxime. "Conception et optimisation de transducteurs capacitifs micro-usinés appliqués à l'imagerie ultrasonore." Thesis, Tours, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOUR4013.
Full textCapacitive Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers (CMUT) have been studied by several international laboratories since the 1990s. Presenting itself as an alternative to traditional piezoelectric transducers, this MEMS (MicroElectroMechanical Systems) inspired technology has now reached the maturity needed for commercialization. In its historic application, medical imaging, many industrial actors propose CMUT probes, such as Hotachi, Kolo Medicals or Butterfly Network to name a few. However, research on these devices continues through studies on design, modeling, manufacturing or for new applications. Through the collaborative project TUMAHI (Highly Integrated Multi-Application capacitive Ultrasonic Transducers) between the GREMAN laboratory and VERMON S.A, two areas of optimization were carried out. The first objective was to create and experimentally validate a CMUT element design strategy to optimize electroacoustic response over bandwidth or sensitivity. The main constraint was to define degrees of freedom and fixed parameters to manufacture CMUTs for various applications and working frequency on a single wafer. Through a 10 MHz centered device for medical imaging, we have varied the size of membranes to have a Broadband and Sensitive configuration. A pressure measurement campaign was carried out with complete and ready-to-use probes to validate the established design criteria. However, the in-depth analysis emphasized that the design approach for the most effective CMUT probe was to optimize the resonance frequency of the first radiation mode to coincide with the desired working frequency. The second study focused on the passivation layer, a protective layer for CMUT elements traditionally designed in silicone polymer, and aimed to implement its impact in modeling tools with a new CMUT / viscoelastic material coupling model. A three-dimensional Green function was used by defining equivalences between elastic and viscoelastic properties and theoretically validated with complementary 2D and 3D Lamb problems. A confrontation with experimental results was initiated by creating a series of oils with variable viscosities and by exciting electrically decoupled CMUT columns to target a more sensitive radiation mode to the shear properties of the medium. The influence of viscosity was identified through the variation of the central frequency and quality factor on the measured and simulated electrical impedance, providing the basis for a viability study of CMUT technology for a viscoelastic sensitive sensor. The consideration of the passivation layer has enabled the retrieval of equivalent behavior to reality but requires a complete database on the viscoelastic properties of materials in the ultrasonic domain to be present in the design steps of a CMUT transducer
Poulin-Girard, Anne-Sophie. "Banc de caractérisation pour lentilles panoramiques." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28212/28212.pdf.
Full textGlorieux, Maximilien. "Durcissement par conception (RHBD) et modélisation des évènements singuliers dans les circuits intégrés numériques en technologies Bulk 65 nm et FDSOI 28 nm." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM4725.
Full textThe extreme technology scaling of digital circuits leads to increase their sensitivity to ionizing radiation, whether in spatial or terrestrial environments. Natural radiation can now induce single event effects in deca-nanometer circuits and impact their reliability.This thesis focuses on the modeling of single event mechanisms and the development of hardening by design solutions that mitigate radiation threat on the circuit error rate.In a first part of this work, we have developed a physical model for both the transport and collection of radiation-induced charges in a biased circuit, derived from pure physics-based equations without any fitting parameter. This model is called Random-Walk Drift-Diffusion (RWDD). This particle-level model and its numerical transient solving allows the coupling of the charge collection process with a circuit simulator, taking into account the time variations of the electrical fields in the structure. The RWDD model is able to simulate the behavior of a circuit following a radiation impact, independently of the implemented function and the considered technology.In a second part of our work, hardening solutions that limit radiation impacts on circuit reliability have been developed. At elementary cell level, new radiation-hardened latch architectures have been proposed, with a limited impact on performances. At system level, a clock tree duplication methodology has been proposed, leaning on specific latches. Finally, a triplication flow has been design for critical applications. All these solutions have been implemented in 65 nm and UTBB-FDSOI 28nm technologies and radiation test have been performed to measure their hardening efficiency
Azari, Dorcheh Kamran. "Investigation of the materials and paste relationships to improve forming process and anode quality." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30365/30365.pdf.
Full textBoisclair, Etienne. "Amélioration de la précision d'un système de positionnement entraîné par courroie crantée." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27934.
Full textBelt-driven systems are widely used for positioning applications. The main advantage of these systems is their ability to reach high speeds and accelerations, their low cost, their ease of implementation and their flexibility. However, the flexibility of the belt aslo causes the main disadvantage which is the lack of precision. Different control techniques have been elaborated to alleviate this problem by including the belt elasticity information in the controller. However, these method requires additional material and more complex implementation. The main goal of this project is to analyse belt-driven systems in order to develop a method to improve the accuracy of such systems without ading costly material. The elaborated method uses two load cells and a new backlash compensation to replace the belt-driven carriage position feedback and thus improve the precision of the system without direct carriage measurement. The inclusion of the load cell allows a belt elongation compensation in the controller. The backlash compensation is based on a new representation and identification method developed specially for belt-driven applications, which includes other non-linearities acting on the system. Experiments are conducted to assess the effectiveness of the elaborated method and an implementation on actual controllers demonstrate its effectiveness.
Darnault, Régis. "Système expert d'aide à la conception : application au positionnement d'appareils électriques." Grenoble INPG, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPG0069.
Full textHaillot, Didier. "Matériaux composites à hautes performances énergétiques pour l’optimisation des chauffe-eau solaires individuels : du matériau au procédé." Perpignan, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PERP0999.
Full textThis thesis takes place in a partnership between the PROMES laboratory and the Saunier Duval industry, part of the Vaillant Group, with the aim of improving the performance of solar domestic hot water (SDHW) system. Potential of phase change materials (PCM) for this particular application is investigated in this study. Our approach has been to associate the study of composites (preparation and characterization) and also the analysis of the process to achieve optimal integration of the material in the system. In the first part we have elaborated and characterized composite based on compressed expanded natural graphite (CENG) and PCM in order to validate the existence of materials having the characteristics necessary for the planned feature. The second part of this work aims to quantify the performance of a SDHW which includes the composite material previously developed. A numerical approach allows us to simulate the thermal behaviour and the efficiency of such a system. Analysis of these numerical results will give rise to several conclusion and prospects
Maurice, Xavier. "Lumière structurée codée pour une reconstruction 3-D robuste : Application à la chirurgie mini-invasive." Strasbourg, 2011. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2011/MAURICE_Xavier_2011.pdf.
Full textDuring a minimally-invasive surgical intervention, the intra-abdominal scene, which is acquired by an endoscope, is presented to the surgeon by means of a 2-D display. The real-time depth map computation of such a scene could have huge benefits like a better visual perception, robot visual servoing, registration of pre-existing models of organs. To this end, in this thesis, many contributions leading to the realisation of an endoscopic stereo, mono-trocar, system, based on a coded structured light pattern projection, are presented. We propose to better exploit the epipolar geometry of the system at the pattern design step, first for the numerical coding, and then, for the pattern layout. Other contributions dealing with "brute-force" coding algorithm with redundancy, with real-time GPU processing, with 3-D reconstruction and with weak-calibration of the system, are described. In particular, the two main issues in "brute-force" coding algorithms : the search behaviour and the unicity test, are addressed. Moreover, an a priori compensation of optical distorsions of the projector is proposed after the pattern alignment on the epipolar geometry. Numerous coding results, ex vivo and in vivo 3-D reconstruction with associated statistics, are reported to evaluate the proposed approach
Le, Moullec Yannick. "Aide à la conception de systèmes sur puce hétérogènes par l'exploration paramétrable des solutions au niveau système." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Bretagne Sud, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00106297.
Full textLes systèmes enfouis sont de plus en plus présents dans la vie quotidienne, que ce soit pour un usage professionnel ou personnel. On peut citer par exemple les téléphones mobiles, les assistants personnels (PDA), les consoles de jeux vidéos portables, les lecteurs multimédias portables (MP3 et consorts). On trouve aussi de plus en plus de systèmes enfouis dans les automobiles, les appareils domestiques "intelligents" etc. Les fonctions qui peuvent être intégrées dans ce type de système peuvent être, par exemple, de type traitement de signal numérique (filtrage, compression/décompression audio-vidéo,...), de type télécommunication (protocole réseau,...) ou bien encore contrôle/commande (domotique...).
La complexité grandissante des applications fait qu'il est nécessaire de pouvoir aborder leurs conceptions à des niveaux d'abstractions élevés. En effet, il est très intéressant de travailler à ces niveaux (par exemple au niveau système) car les gains (en surface/temps/consomation/coût) qu'il est possible d'obtenir par diverses transformations (tant algorithmiques qu'architecturales) sont proportionnels au niveau d'abstraction auquel on se situe. De plus, les décisions prises au niveau système peuvent avoir un impact très important en terme de développement industriel.
En effet, une mauvaise adéquation application/architecture (architecture sur/sous-dimensionnée ou mal adaptée aux caractéristiques de l'application) peut imposer, soit de mettre sur le marché un produit trop cher ou peu performant, soit de relancer un cycle de conception entraînant des délais pouvant être rédhibitoires. L'ensemble de ces décisions à prendre peut être vu comme un espace de solutions potentielles à parcourir. Celui-ci étant très vaste pour une application (ensemble des couples algorithmes / architectures), il est nécessaire de l'explorer et d'effectuer des choix afin de le réduire. On conçoit aisément que cette exploration, lorsqu'elle est effectuée au niveau système, doit présenter un bon compromis vitesse (espace des solutions très vaste) Vs. précision (les choix faits sont lourds en conséquence pour la suite du flot de conception).
Les outils de conception actuels, pour de tels systèmes, sont connus sous le nom d'outils de codesign et se situent à des niveaux d'abstractions relativement faibles.
En outre, la plupart de ces outils partent d'une architecture cible figée (matériel et logiciel, par exemple un processeur et un ASIC) pour laquelle est choisie l'implantation soit matérielle (sur ASIC ou FPGA), soit logicielle de telle ou telle fonction pré-caractérisée. Ces outils ne permettent donc pas d'explorer les architectures propres aux différentes fonctions (estimation statique Vs. estimation dynamique). Il y a donc un nouveau pas à franchir, celui de l'exploration système comme moyen de choisir l'architecture cible ou bien encore de fixer les paramètres pour une architecture cible figée mais générique.
La méthode proposée dans cette thèse vise à réduire progressivement l'espace des solutions en permettant au concepteur d'effectuer des compromis entre plusieurs solutions, et ce à chaque niveau d'abstraction en s'appuyant sur un découpage fonctionnel et hiérarchique de l'application qui spécifie progressivement les aspects contrôles, traitements et transferts de données. La méthode est composée des éléments suivant : i) spécification de l'application dans un langage de haut niveau ; ii) caractérisation de l'application par un ensemble de métriques définissant l'orientation transfert mémoire, traitement ou contrôle ainsi que le parallélisme potentiel de ses sous-fonctions ; iii) estimation système dynamique des performances par l'exploration et l'exploitation du parallélisme ; iv) sélection des solutions prometteuses en vue de phases de projections architecturale et logicielle.
Samir, Anass. "Conception de solutions basses puissances et optimisation de la gestion d'énergie de circuits dédiés aux applications mixtes." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM4700.
Full textFor three decades, the market trend answers the current demand of miniaturization and performance increase of the multimedia devices. Yet, any reduction of the dimensions of a given factor imposes a decrease of the tensions (for reasons of reliability). To answer this question, the downsizing of CMOS integrated circuits reaches submicron scales of integration resulting in a significant decrease in the reliability of components and in particular transistors. The hot carriers creations, as well as heat dissipation within the submicron circuits, are the two main physical phenomena behind the reliability decline. The technical solution to maintain a good degree of reliability, while reducing component size, is to reduce the supply voltage of circuits. In parallel to performance constraints, environmental standards require consumption as small as possible. The challenge is then to build circuits combining low power supply (voltage and current) where the concept of circuits "Low Power". These circuits are used for some already in the field of multimedia, medical, integration with various constraints (possibility of external components, stability, etc..). The speed increase performance of digital circuits also requires the use of technologies that generate leaks increasingly important that are inconsistent with consumption reduction in standby modes without the introduction of new techniques
Heidari, Hamed. "Development of wettable cathode for aluminium smelting." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29366/29366.pdf.
Full textHall-Héroult electrolysis process has been the major method for world production of primary aluminum since its invention in 1887. The use of wettable cathodes instead of usual carbon cathodes has been proposed to reduce more than 10% of the electrical energy consumption of the process which constitutes more than 35% of the aluminum production costs. However, due to the severe conditions of the electrolysis bath, the fabrication of a proper wettable cathode has been a challenge during the last 60 years and no commercial wettable cathode is available in the world market yet. In this project, a novel porous ceramic by pressureless sintering of TiB2 with pre-alloyed Ti-Fe additives was developed. This material showed to meet the required properties to be used as wettable cathode. In this doctoral study, the pressureless sintering in the presence of liquid phase was selected as the consolidation method allowing the fabrication of large parts at relatively lower temperatures and costs. Experimental efforts were made in order to understand the effect of different processing conditions including additive composition, sintering temperature, milling time and pre-alloying of additives on the physical, mechanical and metallurgical properties as well as wetting behavior and stability in liquid aluminum of specimens. Based on the results of the adjustment of processing parameters, the selected material was fabricated by mixing of TiB2 powder and 10 wt% pre-alloyed 7Ti-3Fe additive in high energy ball mill for 30 min, compacting under the pressure of 150 MPa to prepare the green parts, and sintering under Ar/H2 atmosphere at 1650C for 1 h. Uniform crack-free microstructure with even distribution of pores as well as maximum relative density of 91%, bending strength of 300 MPa and electrical resistivity of 54 µΩ.cm were accordingly obtained. Aluminum drop wetted the surface of the specimen very well and isothermal solidification occurred during its penetration due to the interaction with the metallic additives and the formation of TiAl3 and Fe4Al13 phases. Despite of the dissolution of metallic additives, this material showed excellent stability after being exposed to molten aluminum at 960C for up to 5 days by maintaining its shape and no sign of expansion or swelling was observed. Microstructural investigation revealed the precipitation of inter-particle bridges of TiB2 nature in the presence of Ti-Fe liquid phase during sintering forming a TiB2 skeleton, which is the cause of the stability of the developed material in liquid aluminum. This material is proposed as a reliable candidate for application as wettable cathodes in aluminum smelting.
Gravel, Gaumond Félix. "Suivi des comportements thermique et mécanique du remblai de la piste de Puvirnituq." Thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2014/30422/30422.pdf.
Full textThe Puvirnituq airstrip was originally constructed using a thick embankment near the center of the airstrip to fill a fine-grained sediment filled valley. Since the construction of the airstrip, subsidence has been observed in the thick-fill area. Construction work was done in 2009 to allow the landing of a Boeing 737. As part of this work, the thermal and mechanical stabilisation of the embankment that fills the valley was realized. A convective embankment with a ventilation system has been constructed. A berm, made with the same convective material was also constructed to resist a possible lateral instability of the embankment. The construction work also included the deviation of the small creek flowing in the valley. A thermal and mechanical behavior monitoring was made over a period of three years to validate the effectiveness of the heat extraction systems in the Puvirnituq context. A numerical simulation was performed using the software GeoStudio in order to predict the evolution of the thaw front in the next 20 years. A stability analysis was conducted to identify the characteristics of such an analysis in the context of degrading permafrost.
Kabouche, Riad. "Caractérisations de composants et Conceptions de circuits à base d’une filière émergente AlN/GaN pour applications de puissance en gamme d’ondes millimétriques." Thesis, Lille 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL10200/document.
Full textGallium Nitride (GaN) technology is now the ideal candidate for high power applications in the millimeter wave range. The characteristics of this material enable high voltage operation at high frequency, as illustrated by its breakdown field and high electron saturation velocity. This research work has initially allowed the development of a test bench capable of "Large Signal" characterization, called LoadPull up to Q band, in continuous-wave and pulsed mode of this emerging technology. Indeed, the high power density generated by the GaN technology has made the development of this bench unavoidable and relatively unique. In addition, this study has focused on the characterization of several innovative types of devices that have demonstrated state-of-the-art performance, with a power added efficiency (PAE) above 46% associated to a power density of 4.5 W/mm obtained for an operating frequency of 40 GHz in continuous-wave. Finally, this work aimed the design and fabrication of two power amplifiers on silicon substrate (based on the industrial OMMIC technology) in the Ka-band, showing the possibility of achieving MMIC type circuits from advanced GaN transistors technology. These two amplifiers were designed for specific purposes: combining high power and high PAE performance and pushing bandwidth limits
Torres, Lionel. "Intégration de filtres numériques pour le traitement d'images : du silicium au système reconfigurable." Montpellier 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON20105.
Full textHaboubi, Walid. "Développements de circuits Rectennae bi-polarisation, bi-bande pour la récupération et conversion d’énergie électromagnétique à faible niveau." Thesis, Paris Est, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PEST1089/document.
Full textImproving energy autonomy of communication systems constitutes one of the major concerns for their massive deployment in our environment. We want to make these electronic devices (sensors and sensor networks) completely autonomous, avoiding the embedded energy sources that require replacement operations or periodic charging. Among the available energy sources that can be harvested, there are electromagnetic waves. The device that can capture this energy and convert it into useful DC power is called Rectenna (Rectifying antenna), combining antenna with diode-based rectifier. In recent few years, rectennas have reached a significant number of papers in the literature. The main challenge consists in improving performances in term of efficiency, in an attempt to overcome the electromagnetic wave attenuation and the low available field level. According to this context, this PhD work supported by the ANR project REC-EM has taken place. In this study, we have developed, designed and characterized planar structures that have interesting properties:- In term of orthogonal polarizations, so energy harvesting becomes feasable regardless the arbitrary orientation of the incident wave on the rectenna. A dual-circularly polarized rectenna at 2.45 GHz with dual-access will be set up to overcome the 3 dB power loss in the case of linearly-polarized incident wave with unknown orientation.- In term of multiple resonances, so the amount of total RF power collected by the antenna can be increased and consequently the converted DC power level can also be improved. A dual-frequency rectenna (1.8 and 2.45 GHz) with single access will be designed, as well as a rectenna based upon a dual-frequency antenna array.- In term of size compactness by avoiding the use of the HF filter between the antenna and the rectifier for all developed rectenna structures during this work. In all cases, it will be necessary to define the most suitable rectifier topology to each antenna and select, if it is appropriated, the optimum DC recombination technique to overcome the effects of RF power imbalance that may occur between the different antenna accesses. Besides, single-diode circuits will be designed and fulfilled for each structure. Finally, we will miniaturize the dual-circularly polarized dual-access antenna, and exploit it to power a LCD display temperature sensor. To enhance the DC voltage level required to activate the sensor, a DC-DC converter is inserted between the rectenna and the sensor. Such energy management device should be able to operate under low delivered DC power. Two converters will be used. The first one is developed by Ampere Lab at Ecole Centrale de Lyon and SATIE Lab at ENS Cachan. This converter was the subject of another dissertation also supported by the ANR under the REC-EM project
Camperi-Ginestet, Christophe. "Optimisation de l'intégration des composants optoélectroniques en films minces séparés du substrat de croissance par la technique du lift-off." Toulouse, INSA, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ISAT0036.
Full textAltieri, scarpato Mauricio. "Estimation de la performance des circuits numériques sous variations PVT et vieillissement." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAT093/document.
Full textThe continuous scaling of transistor dimensions has increased the sensitivity of digital circuits to PVT variations and, more recently, to aging effects such as BTI and HCI. Large voltage guard bands, corresponding to worst-case operation, are thus necessary and leads to a considerable energy loss. Current solutions to increase energy efficiency are mainly based on Adaptive Voltage and Frequency Scaling (AVFS). However, as a reactive solution, it cannot anticipate the variation before it occurs. It has, thus, to be improved for handling long-term reliability issues. This thesis proposes a new methodology to generate simplified but nevertheless accurate models to estimate the circuit maximum operating frequency Fmax. A first model is created for the modelling of the propagation delay of the critical path(s) as a function of PVT variations. Both BTI/HCI effects are then modelled as a shift in the parameters of the first model. Built on the top of device-level models, it takes into account all factors that impact global aging, namely, circuit topology, workload, voltage and temperature variations. The proposed modelling approach is evaluated on two architectures implemented in 28nm FD-SOI technology. The models can be fed by temperature and voltage monitors. This allows an accurate assessment of the circuit Fmax evolution during its operation. However, these monitors are prone to aging. Therefore, an aging-aware recalibration method has been developed for a particular V T monitor. Examples of on-line applications are given. Finally, the models are used to simulate complex circuits under aging variations such a multi-core circuit and an AVFS system. This allows the evaluation of different strategies regarding performance, energy and reliability
Ratolojanahary, Faniry Emilson. "Méthodologie de caractérisation thermique de supports en substrats pour l'électronique de puissance." Toulouse, INSA, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ISAT0020.
Full textPascal, Yoann. "Étude multicritère pour l'enfouissement partiel ou total de convertisseurs d'électronique de puissance dans un circuit imprimé." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLN038/document.
Full textThis thesis deals with Printed-Circuit Board (PCB) embedding of power converters, paradigm according to which electronic components are placed within the substrate itself.First, a simple and economical structure of inductive component, which can be used either as an inductor, a coupler, or a monolithic resonator, is described. A comprehensive analytical model is developed. Prototypes are manufactured, validating the analytical model and highlighting the value of the topology.The arrangement of the power components of a switching cell is then studied. In particular, an analytical model offering an intuitive understanding of the oscillation mechanisms in cells using fast transistors is proposed.A simple and economical top-side connection technic for PCB-embedded power dies using a pressed piece of metal foam is described. A preliminary study, with strong experimental component, is proposed. It shows that the embedded prototypes have electrical performances and a reliability close to that of wire-bonded dies.Finally, the results from the study on the arrangement of the components of a switching cell are used to design and manufacture a chopper based on SiC transistors connected using a piece of pressed metal foam. This chopper proved to be able to continuously deliver 3 kW under 600 V to a load, thereby validating the proposed top-side connection technic
Vincent, Marin. "Développement d'un instrument endodontique en alliage à mémoire de forme monocristallin cuivreux." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0137/document.
Full textMany advances have been made in terms of instrumental geometry, working motion and manufacturing processes of endodontic files. However, since the discovery of Nickel-Titanium (NiTi) shape memory alloys (SMA), few research has been carried out on new SMAs. In this context, this work aims to develop an endodontic instrument machined from a new SMA with very promising mechanical and antimicrobial properties: the single crystal CuAlBe. Following a finite element analysis in order to determine adequate geometric parameters for a single crystal CuAlBe SMA endodontic instrument, prototypes were machined and tested following a continuous rotation penetration / removal (P/R) protocol in artificial canals. Endodontic files made of NiTi SMA, already commercialized, were also tested with the same protocol. The aim of this researches is to show that CuAlBe endodontic instruments could lead equivalent mechanical performances to NiTi instruments in addition of their antimicrobial properties