Relevant bibliographies by topics / Apnea

Academic literature on the topic 'Apnea'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 31 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Apnea"

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Baković, Darija, Zoran Valic, Davor Eterović, Ivica Vuković, Ante Obad, Ivana Marinović-Terzić, and Z̆eljko Dujić. "Spleen volume and blood flow response to repeated breath-hold apneas." Journal of Applied Physiology 95, no. 4 (October 2003): 1460–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00221.2003.

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The purpose of this study was 1) to answer whether the reduction in spleen size in breath-hold apnea is an active contraction or a passive collapse secondary to reduced splenic arterial blood flow and 2) to monitor the spleen response to repeated breath-hold apneas. Ten trained apnea divers and 10 intact and 7 splenectomized untrained persons repeated five maximal apneas (A1-A5) with face immersion in cold water, with 2 min interposed between successive attempts. Ultrasonic monitoring of the spleen and noninvasive cardiopulmonary measurements were performed before, between apneas, and at times 0, 10, 20, 40, and 60 min after the last apnea. Blood flows in splenic artery and splenic vein were not significantly affected by breath-hold apnea. The duration of apneas peaked after A3 (143, 127, and 74 s in apnea divers, intact, and splenectomized persons, respectively). A rapid decrease in spleen volume (∼20% in both apnea divers and intact persons) was mainly completed throughout the first apnea. The spleen did not recover in size between apneas and only partly recovered 60 min after A5. The well-known physiological responses to apnea diving, i.e., bradycardia and increased blood pressure, were observed in A1 and remained unchanged throughout the following apneas. These results show rapid, probably active contraction of the spleen in response to breath-hold apnea in humans. Rapid spleen contraction and its slow recovery may contribute to prolongation of successive, briefly repeated apnea attempts.
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2

Chen, Ling, and Steven M. Scharf. "Systemic and myocardial hemodynamics during periodic obstructive apneas in sedated pigs." Journal of Applied Physiology 84, no. 4 (April 1, 1998): 1289–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1998.84.4.1289.

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The effects of periodic obstructive apneas on systemic and myocardial hemodynamics were studied in nine preinstrumented sedated pigs under four conditions: breathing room air (RA), breathing 100% O2, breathing RA after critical coronary stenosis (CS) of the left anterior descending coronary artery, and breathing RA after autonomic blockade with hexamethonium (Hex). Apneas with RA increased mean arterial pressure (MAP; from baseline 103.0 ± 3.5 to late apnea 123.6 ± 7.0 Torr, P < 0.001) and coronary blood flow (CBF; late apnea 193.9 ± 22.9% of baseline, P < 0.001) but decreased cardiac output (CO; from baseline 2.97 ± 0.15 to late apnea 2.39 ± 0.19 l/min, P < 0.001). Apneas with O2 increased MAP (from baseline 105.1 ± 4.6 to late apnea 110.7 ± 4.8 Torr, P < 0.001). Apneas with CS produced similar increases in MAP as apneas with RA but greater decreases in CO (from baseline 3.03 ± 0.19 to late apnea 2.1 ± 0.15 l/min, P < 0.001). In LAD-perfused myocardium, there was decreased segmental shortening (baseline 11.0 ± 1.5 to late apnea 7.6 ± 2.0%, P < 0.01) and regional intramyocardial pH (baseline 7.05 ± 0.03 to late apnea 6.72 ± 0.11, P < 0.001) during apneas with CS but under no other conditions. Apneas with Hex increased to the same extent as apneas with RA. Myocardial O2 demand remained unchanged during apnea relative to baseline. We conclude that obstructive apnea-induced changes in left ventricular afterload and CO are secondary to autonomic-mediated responses to hypoxemia. Increased CBF during apneas is related to regional metabolic effects of hypoxia and not to autonomic factors. In the presence of limited coronary flow reserve, decreased O2 supply during apneas can lead to myocardial ischemia, which in turn adversely affects left ventricular function.
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Basner, R. C., E. Onal, D. W. Carley, E. J. Stepanski, and M. Lopata. "Effect of induced transient arousal on obstructive apnea duration." Journal of Applied Physiology 78, no. 4 (April 1, 1995): 1469–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1995.78.4.1469.

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Six untreated male patients (age 19–55 yr) with obstructive sleep apnea underwent nocturnal polysomnography with acoustic stimulation to determine the effect of transient arousal on obstructive apneas during sleep. Binaural tone bursts (25–95 dB) were delivered in late expiration during the second obstructive apnea of a cycle consisting of four consecutive apneas. For the group, stimulated apneas were significantly shorter (P < 0.05, Fisher's protected least significant difference test) than were the unstimulated apneas when transient electrocortical arousal was elicited in both non-rapid-eye-movement (non-REM) sleep [mean 17 +/- 7 (SD) vs. 26 +/- 9, 23 +/- 10, and 26 +/- 12 s for 2nd vs. 1st, 3rd, and 4th apnea, respectively, of each cycle] and REM sleep (mean 19 +/- 10 vs. 35 +/- 15, 45 +/- 18, and 39 +/- 20 s). Without electrocortical arousal, the stimulated apnea was significantly shortened in non-REM (23 +/- 9 vs. 25 +/- 7, 24 +/- 8, and 26 +/- 8 s) but not in REM (32 +/- 16 vs. 37 +/- 12, 32 +/- 15, and 30 +/- 16 s). Tones delivered relatively early and late in the apnea were equally likely to be associated with resolution of the apnea. The nadir of arterial oxygen saturation of hemoglobin was inversely proportional to apnea length, with higher saturation nadirs associated with the stimulated apneas. These data indicate that transient arousal, induced by nonrespiratory stimulation, influences the resolution of obstructive apneas during sleep.
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Khan, Muhammad Talha, and Rose Amy Franco. "Complex Sleep Apnea Syndrome." Sleep Disorders 2014 (2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/798487.

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Complex sleep apnea is the term used to describe a form of sleep disordered breathing in which repeated central apneas (>5/hour) persist or emerge when obstructive events are extinguished with positive airway pressure (PAP) and for which there is not a clear cause for the central apneas such as narcotics or systolic heart failure. The driving forces in the pathophysiology are felt to be ventilator instability associated oscillation in PaCO2arterial partial pressure of Carbon Dioxide, continuous cositive airway pressure (CPAP) related increased CO2carbon dioxide elimination, and activation of airway and pulmonary stretch receptors triggering these central apneas. The prevalence ranges from 0.56% to 18% with no clear predictive characteristics as compared to simple obstructive sleep apnea. Prognosis is similar to obstructive sleep apnea. The central apnea component in most patients on followup using CPAP therap, has resolved. For those with continued central apneas on simple CPAP therapy, other treatment options include bilevel PAP, adaptive servoventilation, permissive flow limitation and/or drugs.
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Badr, M. S., F. Toiber, J. B. Skatrud, and J. Dempsey. "Pharyngeal narrowing/occlusion during central sleep apnea." Journal of Applied Physiology 78, no. 5 (May 1, 1995): 1806–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1995.78.5.1806.

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We hypothesized that subatmospheric intraluminal pressure is not required for pharyngeal occlusion during sleep. Six normal subjects and six subjects with sleep apnea or hypopnea (SAH) were studied during non-rapid-eye-movement sleep. Pharyngeal patency was determined by using fiber-optic nasopharyngoscopy during spontaneous central sleep apnea (n = 4) and induced hypocapnic central apnea via nasal mechanical ventilation (n = 10). Complete pharyngeal occlusion occurred in 146 of 160 spontaneously occurring central apneas in patients with central sleep apnea syndrome. During induced hypocapnic central apnea, gradual progressive pharyngeal narrowing occurred. More pronounced narrowing was noted at the velopharynx relative to the oropharynx and in subjects with SAH relative to normals. Complete pharyngeal occlusion frequently occurred in subjects with SAH (31 of 44 apneas) but rarely occurred in normals (3 of 25 apneas). Resumption of inspiratory effort was associated with persistent narrowing or complete occlusion unless electroencephalogram signs of arousal were noted. Thus pharyngeal cross-sectional area is reduced during central apnea in the absence of inspiratory effort. Velopharyngeal narrowing consistently occurs during induced hypocapnic central apnea even in normal subjects. Complete pharyngeal occlusion occurs during spontaneous or induced central apnea in patients with SAH. We conclude that subatmospheric intraluminal pressure is not required for pharyngeal occlusion to occur. Pharyngeal narrowing or occlusion during central apnea may be due to passive collapse or active constriction.
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Anne, Pratibha, Rupa Koothirezhi, Ugorji Okorie, Minh Tam Ho, Brittany Monceaux, Cesar Liendo, Sheila Asghar, and Oleg Chernyshev. "833 Evolution of sleep disordered breathing types in heart failure." Sleep 44, Supplement_2 (May 1, 2021): A324—A325. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsab072.830.

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Abstract Introduction Central sleep apnea is commonly seen in patients with heart failure. Here we present a case demonstrating shifting of predominant apneic events from central to obstructive type after placement of left ventricular assist device (LVAD) in end stage heart failure patient. Report of case(s) Case Presentation: 66 year-old African American male has past medical history of chronic congestive heart failure diabetes, hypertension, paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, anemia, hypothyroidism, chronic kidney disease and sleep apnea. Prior to his LVAD placement, his left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) was &lt;10%. Patient was diagnosed with central sleep apnea with AHI of 58 (with 92% of apneic events being central events), oxygen nadir of 74%. Subsequently, patient had LVAD placed for symptomatic heart failure and repeat polysomnogram repeated at six month demonstrated an improved AHI of 45.8 with predominantly obstructive and mixed apneic events, with only 12.5% being central events. Conclusion This case report highlights not only the improvement of the sleep apnea in CHF treated with LVAD but also shows the shift of apneic events from predominantly central to obstructive type post LVAD. Support (if any) 1. Henein MY, Westaby S, Poole-Wilson PA, Cowie MR, Simonds AK. Resolution of central sleep apnoea following implantation of a left ventricular assist device. Int J Cardiol. 2010 Feb 4;138(3):317–9. PMID: 18752859. 2. Köhnlein T, Welte T, Tan LB, Elliott MW. Central sleep apnoea syndrome in patients with chronic heart disease: a critical review of the current literature. Thorax. 2002 Jun;57(6):547–54. PMID: 12037232 3. Monda C, Scala O, Paolillo S, Savarese G, Cecere M, D’Amore C, Parente A, Musella F, Mosca S, Filardi PP. Apnee notturne e scompenso cardiaco: fisiopatologia, diagnosi e terapia [Sleep apnea and heart failure: pathophysiology, diagnosis and therapy]. G Ital Cardiol (Rome). 2010 Nov;11(11):815–22. Italian. PMID: 21348318.
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Dueñas, E., G. Pinzón, LM Morón Duarte, MS Medina, and A. García. "Alteraciones respiratorias durante el sueño e hipertensión pulmonar en niños con síndrome de Down a 2.640 metros de altura." Iatreia 27, no. 4-S (January 11, 2015): S2. http://dx.doi.org/10.17533/udea.iatreia.21358.

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INTRODUCCIÓN El síndrome de apnea-hipopnea de sueño (SAHS) está presente en 2% a 3% de la población pediátrica general con una frecuencia más alta en niños con trastornos genéticos. La prevalencia del SAHS en el síndrome de Down (SD) es mayor del 30%. Hay informes de mayor prevalencia de alteraciones respiratorias durante el sueño (ARS) a gran altura, especialmente durante el ascenso rápido. No hay estudios acerca de la frecuencia y características de las ARS y del SAHS en niños con SD que viven a gran altura.OBJETIVO Describir la frecuencia y características de las ARS, la frecuencia de hipertensión pulmonar (HTP) y el comportamiento de la saturación de oxígeno (SpO2) en la vigilia, el sueño y durante eventos en niños con SD en Bogotá, una ciudad situada a gran altura sobre el nivel del mar (2.640 m), de acuerdo con la edad y el índice de masa corporal (IMC). MÉTODOS Estudio descriptivo transversal. Se incluyeron todos los niños con SD con sospecha de ARS remitidos para polisomnograma (PSG) a la Fundación Neumológica Colombiana entre octubre del 2011 y enero del 2013. Se definieron tres grupos: apnea obstructiva, apnea obstructiva y central y sin apneas.RESULTADOS Se incluyeron 74 niños, 36,5% de ellos de sexo femenino, con edad media de 4 años. El 47,3% presentó apnea obstructiva, más frecuente en los mayores de 2 años; 35,1% apnea obstructiva y central, más frecuente en los menores de 2 años, y 17,6 % no presentó apneas. Saturación de oxígeno (SpO2) promedio en apnea obstructiva: 84,6%; en apnea obstructiva y central: 81,8% y en los sin apnea: 86,9% (p = 0,058); 23% presentaron obesidad, 16% con apnea obstructiva. 53 pacientes tuvieron ecocardiograma: 28% con HTP, 53,3% tuvieron apnea obstructiva y 26,7% apnea obstructiva y central, no hubo diferencias significativas. SpO2 promedio en pacientes con HTP: 88,3% durante la vigilia, 86,2% durante el sueño REM, 85,7% durante el sueño no REM, sin diferencia significativa comparada con la de pacientes sin HTP.CONCLUSIONES La desaturación está presente en los niños con SD independientemente del tipo de apnea. Los menores de 2 años presentan con mayor frecuencia apneas centrales asociadas a las apneas obstructivas. La obesidad en pacientes con SD no es un factor determinante de la presencia de apneas e HTP. No hubo diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre el grupo con HTP en cuanto a la frecuencia de apneas y el nivel de saturación de oxígeno en comparación con el grupo sin HTP.
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Richardson, Matt, Robert de Bruijn, H. C. Holmberg, Glenn Björklund, Helena Haughey, and Erika Schagatay. "Increase of Hemoglobin Concentration After Maximal Apneas in Divers, Skiers, and Untrained Humans." Canadian Journal of Applied Physiology 30, no. 3 (June 1, 2005): 276–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/h05-120.

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Human splenic contraction occurs both during apnea and maximal exercise, increasing the circulating erythrocyte volume. We investigated the hematological responses to 3 maximal apneas performed by elite apneic divers, elite cross-country skiers, and untrained subjects. Post-apnea hemoglobin concentration had increased in all groups, but especially in divers. The increases disappeared within 10 min of recovery. Apneic duration across apneas also increased the most in divers. Responses in divers could be more pronounced as a result of apnea training. Key words: breath hold, serial apneas, spleen contraction, cross-country skiing
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Peng, Ying-Jie, Xiuli Zhang, Anna Gridina, Irina Chupikova, David L. McCormick, Robert J. Thomas, Thomas E. Scammell, et al. "Complementary roles of gasotransmitters CO and H2S in sleep apnea." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 6 (January 23, 2017): 1413–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1620717114.

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Sleep apnea, which is the periodic cessation of breathing during sleep, is a major health problem affecting over 10 million people in the United States and is associated with several sequelae, including hypertension and stroke. Clinical studies suggest that abnormal carotid body (CB) activity may be a driver of sleep apnea. Because gaseous molecules are important determinants of CB activity, aberrations in their signaling could lead to sleep apnea. Here, we report that mice deficient in heme oxygenase-2 (HO-2), which generates the gaseous molecule carbon monoxide (CO), exhibit sleep apnea characterized by high apnea and hypopnea indices during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. Similar high apnea and hypopnea indices were also noted in prehypertensive spontaneously hypertensive (SH) rats, which are known to exhibit CB hyperactivity. We identified the gaseous molecule hydrogen sulfide (H2S) as the major effector molecule driving apneas. Genetic ablation of the H2S-synthesizing enzyme cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE) normalized breathing inHO-2−/−mice. Pharmacologic inhibition of CSE withl-propargyl glycine prevented apneas in bothHO-2−/−mice and SH rats. These observations demonstrate that dysregulated CO and H2S signaling in the CB leads to apneas and suggest that CSE inhibition may be a useful therapeutic intervention for preventing CB-driven sleep apnea.
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Ringler, J., R. C. Basner, R. Shannon, R. Schwartzstein, H. Manning, S. E. Weinberger, and J. W. Weiss. "Hypoxemia alone does not explain blood pressure elevations after obstructive apneas." Journal of Applied Physiology 69, no. 6 (December 1, 1990): 2143–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1990.69.6.2143.

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In patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), substantial elevations of systemic blood pressure (BP) and depressions of oxyhemoglobin saturation (SaO2) accompany apnea termination. The causes of the BP elevations, which contribute significantly to nocturnal hypertension in OSA, have not been defined precisely. To assess the relative contribution of arterial hypoxemia, we observed mean arterial pressure (MAP) changes following obstructive apneas in 11 OSA patients during non-rapid-eye-movement (NREM) sleep and then under three experimental conditions: 1) apnea with O2 supplementation; 2) hypoxemia (SaO2 80%) without apnea; and 3) arousal from sleep with neither hypoxemia nor apnea. We found that apneas recorded during O2 supplementation (SaO2 nadir 93.6% +/- 2.4; mean +/- SD) in six subjects were associated with equivalent postapneic MAP elevations compared with unsupplemented apneas (SaO2 nadir 79-82%): 18.8 +/- 7.1 vs. 21.3 +/- 9.2 mmHg (mean change MAP +/- SD); in the absence of respiratory and sleep disruption in eight subjects, hypoxemia was not associated with the BP elevations observed following apneas: -5.4 +/- 19 vs. 19.1 +/- 7.8 mmHg (P less than 0.01); and in five subjects, auditory arousal alone was associated with MAP elevation similar to that observed following apneas: 24.0 +/- 8.1 vs. 22.0 +/- 6.9 mmHg. We conclude that in NREM sleep postapneic BP elevations are not primarily attributable to arterial hypoxemia. Other factors associated with apnea termination, including arousal from sleep, reinflation of the lungs, and changes of intrathoracic pressure, may be responsible for these elevations.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Apnea"

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Karci, Ersin. "Detection Of Post Apnea Sounds And Apnea Periods From Sleep Sounds." Master's thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612964/index.pdf.

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Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) is defined as a sleep related breathing disorder that causes the body to stop breathing for about 10 seconds and mostly ends with a loud sound due to the opening of the airway. OSAS is traditionally diagnosed using polysomnography, which requires a whole night stay at the sleep laboratory of a hospital, with multiple electrodes attached to the patient'
s body. Snoring is a symptom which may indicate presence of OSAS
thus investigation of snoring sounds, which can be recorded in the patient'
s own sleeping environment, has become popular in recent years to diagnose OSAS. In this study, we aim to develop a new method to detect post-apnea snoring episodes with the goal of diagnosing apnea or creating a new criteria similar to apnea / hypopnea index. In this method, first segmentation is done to eliminate the silence parts and only deal with active. Then these episodes are represented by distinctive features
some of these features are available in literature but some of them are novel. Finally, these episodes are classified using supervised and unsupervised methods. We are especially interested in detecting post apnea episodes, hence the apnea periods. False alarm rates are reduced by adding additional constraints into the detection algorithm. These methods are applied to snoring sound signals of OSAS patients, recorded in Gulhane Military Medical Academy, to verify the success of our algorithms.
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Lam, Chung-mei Jamie, and 林頌眉. "Obstructive sleep apnea and cardiometabolic complications." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B43085854.

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Mariscal, Norma Linda, and Norma Linda Mariscal. "Management of Postoperative Obstructive Sleep Apnea." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624558.

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Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a sleep disorder characterized by episodes of cessation of breathing (apnea) during sleep. Unfortunately, a significant number of surgical patients are unaware they are afflicted with this disorder increasing the risks of postoperative complications. The lingering effect of general anesthesia causes an increase in frequency of airway collapse, leading to longer periods of apnea. This increasingly common sleep disorder is concerning for many anesthesia providers. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the anesthesia provider's knowledge and postoperative management of patients with suspected or diagnosed OSA. Setting: The study setting was a local urban hospital Mountain Vista Medical Center (MVMC) in Gilbert, AZ. The study included (N=7) participants, who were predominantly male (85%) and a majority of the participants were Master’s prepared (85%) anesthesia providers. Method: An online survey was disseminated to participants via email. The survey included questions regarding the anesthesia provider's knowledge and postoperative practice habits of patients with suspected or diagnosed OSA at MVMC. Results: The response rate was (24%). All the respondents acknowledged that OSA was a risk factor for postoperative complications. Over half of the respondents (85%) reported encountering postoperative complications such as desaturation and apnea in their patients with OSA. The main complication that was encountered was postoperative apnea (50%), followed by decreased in saturations (33.33%), and one respondent (16.67%) encountered re-intubation during the postoperative period. However, the most important finding of the study is that over half of the providers did not routinely include continued positive airway pressure (CPAP)/noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) in their postoperative management of patients with suspected or known OSA due to the time needed to initiate the therapy. Conclusion: The study illustrates that a majority of anesthesia providers at MVMC agreed OSA is a significant risk factor for postoperative complications, but time constraints limited the implementation of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) therapies. Recommended strategies would be to establish a task force to examine this barrier to therapy and develop plans to address it.
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Sahlin, Carin. "Sleep apnea and sleep : diagnostic aspects." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Umeå universitet, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-18959.

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Lam, Chung-mei Jamie. "Obstructive sleep apnea and cardiometabolic complications." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B43085854.

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Wimms, Alison Jane. "Gender Differences in Obstructive Sleep Apnea." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/21632.

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The overall aim of this thesis was to understand gender differences in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and use this information to develop a tailored therapy for female patients. Specific aims were to determine whether gender differences commonly reported in the literature are present in mild OSA and upper airway resistance syndrome (UARS) patient groups, and whether symptoms could be linked to respiratory parameters in these groups. The final aim was to develop, test and validate a new AutoSet treatment for female OSA patients. CHAPTER 1 of this thesis provides a detailed review of gender differences in the prevalence, symptoms, clinical experience, and health outcomes of OSA and UARS patients, with a focus on the implications of different scoring rules. CHAPTER 2 reviews of quality of life questionnaires from 259 untreated patients with mild OSA. Females reported statistically significantly higher levels of sleepiness, fatigue, insomnia, and anxiety/depression compared to males. CHAPTER 3 of this thesis reviews polygraphy data from patients with mild OSA. Male patients were found to have significantly more breathing disturbances than females, however many of these difference disappeared when updated scoring criteria were used. Some weak correlations were found between respiratory parameters and symptoms; however, no clear conclusions could be drawn. CHAPTER 4 outlines the development of a new AutoSet device designed for female- specific breathing patterns. The remaining chapters (CHAPTER 5, and CHAPTER 6) of this thesis describe the testing and validation activities undertaken on the AutoSet F, including a clinical trial to test efficacy; a bench test to compare performance against other commercially available devices; a controlled product launch to validate the features of the algorithm; and finally a clinical trial which demonstrated improvements in sleep efficacy and quality of life over a three-month usage period. In summary, this thesis has shown that at the mild end of the OSA spectrum females are more symptomatic than males, even though respiratory differences in the genders are less pronounced than those described in moderate-to-severe patients. An AutoSet designed specifically for female OSA patients was successful in demonstrating efficacy and clinical effectiveness.
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Montanari, Carolina Caruccio. "Acurácia diagnóstica de questionários para identificar apneia do sono em idosos." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/132142.

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Introdução: A utilidade de questionários para o diagnóstico de apneia obstrutiva do sono está bem estabelecida em adultos, mas permanece indefinida em idosos. Objetivo: Avaliar as propriedades preditivas dos questionários mais comumente empregados na população em geral em idosos fisicamente independentes. Desenho: Transversal. Local: Unidade de cuidados primários de saúde pública filiada a hospital universitário. Participantes: Roncadores fisicamente independentes com idade entre 65 a 80 anos cadastrados em um hospital universitário foram abordados por telefone e convidados a participar. Métodos: Os participantes foram submetidos à polissonografia portátil. Sensibilidade, especificidade, razão de verossimilhança positiva e negativa, área sob a curva ROC e psicometria clássica foram utilizados para avaliar a precisão e a medição de propriedades diagnósticas de três instrumentos validados para uso na população geral, sendo incerta sua utilização em idosos. Resultados: A amostra de 131 idosos fisicamente independentes, 50% homens, 58% aposentados, foram incluídos. Epworth>6 apresentou uma precisão de 61% para identificar IAH≥15. Epworth>10, ponto de corte usualmente empregado em adultos, apresentou pior desempenho diagnóstico. Sexo masculino e ser aposentado tiveram menor probabilidade de estarem associados com apneia obstrutiva do sono grave. Para prever IAH≥15, a área sob a curva ROC para Epworth>6 foi significativa, mas não para STOP-bang>2 e Atenas>5. Na regressão logística para prever IAH≥15, controlando para diversos fatores, apenas Epworth>6 e Atenas>5 permaneceram significativas no modelo. Conclusão: Em idosos independentes, uma escala de sonolência de Epworth com ponto de corte de 6 tem melhor desempenho diagnóstico do que questionários comumente empregados para prever um IAH≥15.
Background: The usefulness of questionnaires for diagnosis of sleep apnea is well established in adults, but remains undefined in the elderly population. Objective: To evaluate the predictive properties of the most commonly employed questionnaires in physically independent elderly people from the general population. Design: Cross-sectional. Setting: Public health primary care unit affiliated to university hospital. Participants: Physically independent snorers aged 65 to 80 years adscript to a university hospital were approached by telephone and invited to participate. Measurements: Participants underwent portable polysomnography. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratios, area under the ROC curve, and classical psychometrics were used to assess diagnostic accuracy and measurement properties of three validated instruments for use in the general population, making their usability in elderly populations uncertain. Results: A sample of 131 independently-living elderly people, 50% male, 58% retired, was included. For identifying AHI≥15, an Epworth>6 had an accuracy of 61%. Epworth>10, the usually employed cut-off point in adults, had poorer diagnostic performance. Male gender and retirement were protective of more severe OSA. For predicting AHI≥15, the area under the ROC curve for Epworth>6 was significant, but not for STOP-Bang>2 and Athens>5. In logistic regression to predict AHI≥15, after controlling for several confounders, Epworth>6, and Athens>5 were the only variables that remained significant in the model. Conclusion: In independent elderly, an Epworth sleepiness scale cut-point of 6 has better diagnostic performance than commonly employed questionnaires to predict an AHI≥15.
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Ulander, Martin. "Psychometric aspects of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Avdelningen för neurovetenskap, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-97475.

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Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common chronic disorder consisting of episodes with impaired breathing due to obstruction of the upper airways. Treatment with Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) is a potentially effective treatment, but adherence is low. Several potential factors affecting adherence, e.g., subjective sleepiness and personality, are only quantifiable through questionnaires. Better knowledge about psychometric properties of such questionnaires might improve future research on CPAP adherence and thus lead to better treatment options. Aim: Study I: To describe the devlopment and initial testing of the Side Effects of CPAP treatment Inventory (SECI) questionnaire. Study II: To describe the prevalence of Type D personality in OSAS patients with CPAP treatment longer than 6 months and the association with self-reported side effects and adherence. Study III: To study whether any of the items in the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) exhibit differential item functioning and, if so, to which degree. Study IV: To examine the evolution of CPAP side effects over time; and prospectively assess correlations between early CPAP side effects and treatment adherence. Patients and Methods: In study I, SECI items were based on a literature review, an expert panel and interviews with patients. It was then mailed to 329 CPAP-treated OSAS patients. Based on this, a principal component analysis was performed, and SECI results were compared between adherent and non-adherent patients. In study II, the population consisted of 247 OSAS patients with ongoing CPAP treatment. The DS14 was used to assess the prevalence of type D personality, and SECI and adherence data from medical records were used to correlate Type D personality to side effects and adherence. In study III, the population consisted of pooled data from 1,167 subjects who had completed the ESS in five other studies. Ordinal regression and Rasch analysis were used to assess the existence of differential item functioning for age and gender. The cutoff for age was 65 years in the Rasch analysis. In study IV, SECI was sent to 186 subjects with newly diagnosed OSAS three times during the first year on CPAP. SECI results were followed over time within subjects, and were correlated to treatment dropout during the first year and machine usage time after 6 months. Results: SECI provides a valid and reliable instrument to measure side effects, and non-adherent patients have higher scores (i.e., were more bothered by side effects) than adherent patients (study I). Type D personality was prevalent in approximately 30 % of CPAP treated OSAS patients, and was associated to poorer objective and subjective adherence as well as more side effects (study II). Differential item functioning was present in items 3, 4 and 8 for age in both DIF analyses, and to gender in item 8 the Rasch analysis (study III). Dry mouth and increased number of awakenings were consistently associated to poorer adherence in CPAP treated patients. Side effects both emerged and resolved over time (study IV). Conclusions: Differences in previous research regarding side effects and CPAP adherence might be explained by differences in how side effects and adherence are defined. While some side effects are related to adherence, others are not. Side effects are furthermore not stable over time, and might be related to personality. ESS scores are also related to CPAP adherence according to previous research, but might be affected by other factors than sleepiness, such as age and possibly gender.
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gaddam, sathvika, Ali Bokhari, and Deepika 7471363 Nallala. "ACROMEGALY TREATMENT AND RESOLUTION OF SLEEP APNEA." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/asrf/2019/schedule/41.

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Introduction Acromegaly is an endocrine disorder characterized by excessive growth hormone production.The most common cause is a benign pituitary adenoma, which can be an isolated tumor or part of a group of concomitant endocrine neoplasms. We present a case of a middle aged woman with sleep apnea and a newly diagnosed acromegaly secondary to a pituitary macroadenoma. Case presentation A 51-year-old woman was seen in the endocrinology clinic for evaluation of hyperparathyroidism and mild hypercalcemia. She had no symptoms related to hypercalcemia. However, she complained of enlargement of her fingers and toes. She also reported galactorrhea and breast engorgement. There was no hyperhidrosis or frontal bossing present and she denied headaches or vision symptoms. Past medical history was significant for obstructive sleep apnea. Insulin like growth factor level was 630 ng/ml (reference 53 - 190 ng/ml), prolactin level was 109 ng/ml (reference 1.9- 25 ng/ml), and Follicular stimulating hormone was 0.4mIU/ml (reference 1.2 - 21.0 mIU/ml). TSH, free T4, ACTH, and cortisol were normal. The labs were consistent with pituitary macroadenoma secreting growth hormone (GH) and prolactin. MRI pituitary showed a 1.9 cm macroadenoma with no evidence of optic nerve compression. Due to the coexisting diagnoses of hyperparathyroidism and pituitary adenoma, CT abdomen was done to evaluate for neuroendocrine tumor and to rule out Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia (MEN) Type 1. She then underwent transsphenoidal resection of the pituitary, with immunostaining reflecting diffuse prolactin and patchy GH expression. Post-surgery IGF, prolactin, thyroid function tests were normal. She was started on hydrocortisone replacement due to abnormal ACTH and cortisol. Her calcium levels normalized, and further genetic testing for MEN was abandoned. Her repeat sleep study also showed resolution of sleep apnea. She did not suffer from further symptoms of acromegaly and was scheduled for periodic surveillance for thyroid axis dysfunction. Discussion Dysregulated growth hormone production seen in acromegaly leads to increased GH and IGF-1 levels. It has many ramifications including debilitating arthritis from osteoarthropathy, glucose intolerance due to insulin resistance, higher propensity for GI neoplasms, and macroglossia with prognathism causing sleep apnea. Average lifespan is decreased by 30% due to cardiovascular and pulmonary dysfunction. Treatment is aimed at decreasing IGF levels and controlling any mass effect or metabolic abnormalities caused by the tumor. Treatment options include invasive procedures for good surgical candidates and medical therapy via somatostatin analogue for patients who are not. Residual or unresectable tumors can be treated with medical therapy or radiation therapy if there is no response to medication.
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Foldvary-Schaefer, Nancy. "SLEEP APNEA AND EPILEPSY: WHO’S AT RISK?" Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1291236630.

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Books on the topic "Apnea"

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Amurri, Lorenzo. Apnea. Roma: Fandango libri, 2013.

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1960-, Kushida Clete Anthony, ed. Obstructive sleep apnea. New York, NY: Informa Healthcare USA, 2007.

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1960-, Kushida Clete Anthony, ed. Obstructive sleep apnea. New York, NY: Informa Healthcare USA, 2007.

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Picozza, Paolo. Paolo Picozza: Apnea. Roma: Galleria Il segno, 2008.

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E, Hunt Carl, ed. Apnea and SIDS. Philadelphia: Saunders, 1992.

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Baptista, Peter M., Rodolfo Lugo Saldaña, and Steve Amado, eds. Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-35225-6.

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BaHammam, Ahmed S., and Mahadevappa Hunasikatti, eds. Sleep Apnea Frontiers. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-7901-1.

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Piracha, Kashif. Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-36040-4.

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Carr, Michele M. Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea. Alexandria, VA: American Academy Of Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery Foundation, 2007.

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Pascualy, Ralph A. Snoring and Sleep Apnea. New York: Demos Medical Publishing, 2009.

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Book chapters on the topic "Apnea"

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Poretti, Andrea, and Thierry A. G. M. Huisman. "Apnea." In Neonatal Head and Spine Ultrasonography, 95–103. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14568-6_8.

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Vanderlaan, Anne Fierro. "Apnea." In Encyclopedia of Child Behavior and Development, 134–35. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79061-9_171.

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Lévy, Patrick, Véronique Viot-Blanc, and Jean-Louis Pépin. "Sleep Disorders and Their Classification – An Overview." In Sleep Apnea, 1–12. Basel: KARGER, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000093136.

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Penzel, Thomas, and Karl Kesper. "Physiology of Sleep and Dreaming." In Sleep Apnea, 13–20. Basel: KARGER, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000093138.

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Schäfer, Thorsten. "Physiology of Breathing during Sleep." In Sleep Apnea, 21–28. Basel: KARGER, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000093139.

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Peter, J. G., and I. Fietze. "Physiology of the Cardiovascular, Endocrine and Renal Systems during Sleep." In Sleep Apnea, 29–36. Basel: KARGER, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000093140.

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Rühle, Karl-Heinz. "History and Questionnaires." In Sleep Apnea, 37–42. Basel: KARGER, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000093141.

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Hein, Holger. "Objectifying Sleepiness." In Sleep Apnea, 43–46. Basel: KARGER, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000093142.

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Hein, Holger. "Portable Monitoring Systems." In Sleep Apnea, 47–50. Basel: KARGER, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000093143.

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Penzel, Thomas, and Sebastian Canisius. "Polysomnography." In Sleep Apnea, 51–60. Basel: KARGER, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000093144.

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Conference papers on the topic "Apnea"

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Le, Trung Bao, and Guilherme J. M. Garcia. "Simulating Airway Collapse in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Using Fluid-Structure Interaction Methodologies." In 2018 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2018-6818.

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Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a prevalent disease among adults and children (Macey, Woo, Kumar, Cross, & Harper, 2010). Patients with OSA have recurrent episodes of airflow limitation during sleep, which lead to daytime sleepiness and several comorbidities, including cardiovascular diseases (Durán, Esnaola, Rubio, & Iztueta, 2001). During the episode of OSA, the airway is partially occluded (hypopnoeas) or totally blocked (apneas). Since the velopharynx is the narrowest segment of the pharyngeal airway, the local air velocity increases significantly leading to the large decrease in the intraluminal pressure. The relationship between the distribution of the minimum pressure and the anatomical geometry of the airway is thus very important. Hence, understanding the mechanical interaction between the soft palate and air flow is important in investigating OSA pathology.
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Aguado Agudo, María, Jorge Rodriguez Sanz, Teresa Martín Carpi, Luisa Cabrera Pimentel, and Marta Miranda. "TELEMONITORING SLEEP APNEA TREATMENT Telemonitoring sleep apnea treatment." In ERS International Congress 2023 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2023.pa4078.

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Hill, Jonathan M., Ronald S. Adrezin, and Leonard Eisenfeld. "Wireless Central Apnea Response System for Neonatal Intensive Care." In ASME 2008 3rd Frontiers in Biomedical Devices Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/biomed2008-38105.

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An apnea event is defined as the cessation of breathing for 10 to 20 seconds, generally accompanied by bradycardia (decrease in heart rate), cyanosis, or both. Unlike apnea in adults, which is usually caused by an obstruction in the airway, central apnea events appear in premature babies because the autonomic nervous system is not yet fully developed.
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Mithun, J. A., V. V. Rajkumar, and Shanmugapriya. "Apnea Detecting Sensors." In Proceedings of the IEEE 32nd Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nebc.2006.1629822.

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Morales, John, Margot Deviaene, Javier Milagro, Dries Testelmans, Bertien Buyse, Raquel Bailón, Rik Willems, Sabine Van Huffel, and Carolina Varon. "Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia in Apnea Patients With Apnea Associated Comorbidities." In 2018 Computing in Cardiology Conference. Computing in Cardiology, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.22489/cinc.2018.091.

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Herkenrath, Simon, Katja Pavsic, Marcel Treml, Lars Hagmeyer, and Winfried Randerath. "Mixed apnea metrics during diagnostic polysomnographies in obstructive sleep apnea patients with/without treatment-emergent central sleep apnea." In ERS International Congress 2019 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa824.

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Fahruzi, Iman, I. Ketut Eddy Purnama, and Mauridhi H. Purnomo. "Screening of Non-overlapping Apnea and Non-apnea from Single Lead ECG-apnea Recordings using Time-Frequency Approach." In 2019 International Conference on Computer Engineering, Network, and Intelligent Multimedia (CENIM). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cenim48368.2019.8973250.

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Esmaeili, N., H. Syed Moin, W. H. Hu, D. Vena, L. Messineo, A. Aishah, L. T. Taranto-Montemurro, et al. "Contribution of Apnea and Non-apnea Related Oxygen Desaturations to the Risk of Cardiovascular Mortality in Sleep Apnea." In American Thoracic Society 2024 International Conference, May 17-22, 2024 - San Diego, CA. American Thoracic Society, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2024.209.1_meetingabstracts.a4736.

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Karci, E., Y. S. Dogrusoz, and T. Ciloglu. "Detection of post apnea sounds and apnea periods from sleep sounds." In 2011 33rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2011.6091501.

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Bouloukaki, Izolde, Athanasia Pataka, Paschalis Steiropoulos, Ludger Grote, Marisa Bonsignore, Jan Hedner, Oreste Marrone, et al. "Positional obstructive sleep apnea in the European Sleep Apnoea Database (ESADA) study." In ERS International Congress 2018 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2018.pa4335.

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Reports on the topic "Apnea"

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Torres, Claudia Fernandez, and Alvaro Zubizarreta Macho. Mandibular advancement appliances to treat apnea: an update of the most used currently. A systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.11.0034.

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Review question / Objective: Mandibular advancement devices used to treat obstructive sleep apnea. Condition being studied: Obstructive sleep apnea is characterized by episodes of a complete (apnea) or partial collapse (hypopnea) of the upper airway with an associated decrease in oxygen saturation or arousal from sleep. This disturbance results in fragmented, nonrestorative sleep. Other symptoms include loud, disruptive snoring, witnessed apneas during sleep, and excessive daytime sleepiness. OSA has significant implications for cardiovascular health, mental illness, quality of life, and driving safety.
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Czerwaty, Katarzyna, Karolina Dżaman, Krystyna Maria Sobczyk, and Katarzyna Irmina Sikrorska. The Overlap Syndrome of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Systematic Review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.11.0077.

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Review question / Objective: To provide the essential findings in the field of overlap syndrome of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and obstructive sleep apnea, including prevalence, possible predictors, association with clinical outcomes, and severity compared to both chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and obstructive sleep apnea patients. Condition being studied: OSA is characterized by complete cessation (apnea) or significant decrease (hy-popnea) in airflow during sleep and recurrent episodes of upper airway collapse cause it during sleep leading to nocturnal oxyhemoglobin desaturations and arousals from rest. The recurrent arousals which occur in OSA lead to neurocognitive consequences, daytime sleepiness, and reduced quality of life. Because of apneas and hypopneas, patients are experiencing hypoxemia and hypercapnia, which result in increasing levels of catecholamine, oxidative stress, and low-grade inflammation that lead to the appearance of cardio-metabolic consequences of OSA. COPD is a chronic inflammatory lung disease defined by persistent, usually pro-gressive AFL (airflow limitation). Changes in lung mechanics lead to the main clini-cal manifestations of dyspnea, cough, and chronic expectoration. Furthermore, patients with COPD often suffer from anxiety and depression also, the risk of OSA and insomnia is higher than those hospitalized for other reasons. Although COPD is twice as rare as asthma but is the cause of death eight times more often.
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Torres-Castro, Rodrigo, Lilian Solis-Navarro, Homero Puppo, Roberto Vera-Uribe, Victoria Alcaraz-Serrano, and Jordi Vilaró. Respiratory muscle training in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: A systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.2.0096.

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Review question / Objective: Is respiratory muscle training effective in patients with obstructive sleep apnea? Condition being studied: Effects of respiratory muscle training in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Information sources: We included the following databases: Pubmed, CENTRAL, Web of Science, CINAHL, EMBASE, Scopus and Scielo. Additionally, the references list of the included studies will be manually reviewed.
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Madaeva, I. M., N. A. Kurashova, N. V. Semenova, E. B. Uhinov, S. I. Kolesnikov, and L. I. Kolesnikova. HSP70 HEAT SHOCK PROTEIN IN OXIDATIVE STRESS APNEA PATIENTS. Publishing house of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/1695-1978-2020-62730.

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Hensley, D. Self shielding in cylindrical fissile sources in the APNea system. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/449825.

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Busaniche, Julio Néstor, Maximiliano Velázquez, Valeria Avalis, and Marina Paulazzo. Síndrome de apnea-hipopnea del sueño, depresión y tromboembolia de pulmón. Buenos Aires: siicsalud.com, October 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21840/siic/135582.

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Hazboun, Tawfiq N. Obstructive Sleep Apnea Oral Appliance vs. Auto Titrating Positive Airway Pressure. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ad1012981.

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Madaev, I. M., N. A. Kurashova, N. V. Semenova, E. B. Ukhinov, S. I. Kolesnikov, and L. I. Kolesnikova. Heat shock protein HSP70 for oxidative stress in patients with apnea. Federal State Budgetary Institution Scientific Center, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/1695-2608-2020-62730.

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Martínez Revuelta, Lucía, and Álvaro Zubizarreta-Macho. Relationship between Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Sport - Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, May 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2024.5.0139.

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Sun, Dong, Yanan Zhang, and Di Zhou. The relationship between obstructive sleep apnea and retinal vein occlusion : a Meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.2.0068.

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