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Journal articles on the topic 'Apis mellifera'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 31 July 2024

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1

Makarov, Alexander Michailovich. "Apis mellifera." Principles of the Ecology 50, no. 4 (December 2023): 85–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.15393/j1.art.2023.14502.

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2

Gong, Hong-Ri, Xiu-Xian Chen, Yan Ping Chen, Fu-Liang Hu, Jiang-Lin Zhang, Zhe-Guang Lin, Ji-Wei Yu, and Huo-Qing Zheng. "Evidence of Apis ceranaSacbrood virusInfection in Apis mellifera." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 82, no. 8 (January 22, 2016): 2256–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.03292-15.

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ABSTRACTSacbrood virus(SBV) is one of the most destructive viruses in the Asian honeybeeApis ceranabut is much less destructive inApis mellifera. In previous studies, SBV isolates infectingA. cerana(AcSBV) and SBV isolates infectingA. mellifera(AmSBV) were identified as different serotypes, suggesting a species barrier in SBV infection. In order to investigate this species isolation, we examined the presence of SBV infection in 318A. melliferacolonies and 64A. ceranacolonies, and we identified the genotypes of SBV isolates. We also performed artificial infection experiments under both laboratory and field conditions. The results showed that 38A. melliferacolonies and 37A. ceranacolonies were positive for SBV infection. Phylogenetic analysis based on RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) gene sequences indicated thatA. ceranaisolates and mostA. melliferaisolates formed two distinct clades but two strains isolated fromA. melliferawere clustered with theA. ceranaisolates. In the artificial-infection experiments, AcSBV negative-strand RNA could be detected in both adult bees and larvae ofA. mellifera, although there were no obvious signs of the disease, demonstrating the replication of AcSBV inA. mellifera. Our results suggest that AcSBV is able to infectA. melliferacolonies with low prevalence (0.63% in this study) and pathogenicity. This work will help explain the different susceptibilities ofA. ceranaandA. melliferato sacbrood disease and is potentially useful for guiding beekeeping practices.
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3

Aryal, L. N., R. B. Thapa, S. Tiwari, and N. K. Chaudhary. "Foraging Behavior of Native Honeybee (Apis Cerana F.) and European Honeybee (Apis Mellifera L.) on Flowers of Common Buckwheat (Fagopyrum Esculentum M.) in Chitwan, Nepal." International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology 4, no. 2 (June 27, 2016): 236–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v4i2.15131.

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This paper is the findings of the research conducted on foraging behavior of Native honeybee (Apis cerana F.) and European honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) on flowering buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) inside the cage during November 2012 to 2013 at Meghauli, Chitwan, Nepal. Apis cerana F. started their foraging activities early in the morning (8.24 ± 0.50 AM) and ceased late in the evening (5.18 ± 0.20 PM) in comparison to Apis mellifera L., which started foraging at 8.29 ± 0.50 AM and ceased at 4.56 ± 0.50 PM. The total duration of foraging per day was more in Apis cerana F. than Apis mellifera L., i.e. 8.34 ± 0.90 hours per day in Apis cerana F. and 8.25 ± 0.90 hours per day in Apis mellifera L. That means A. cerana F. was 1.8% more efficient on foraging duration than A. mellifera L. Similarly, the number of Apis cerana F. and Apis mellifera L. entering into the hive in five minutes was the highest (51.69 ± 0.45 in Apis cerana F., and 62.81 ± 0.45 in Apis mellifera L.) at 12 Noon while lowest (11.24 ± 0.11 in Apis cerana F., and 5.89 ± 0.11 in Apis mellifera L.) at 5 PM and no activity was started at 8 AM. Likewise, the number of Apis cerana F. and Apis mellifera L. bees outgoing from the hive in five minutes was the highest (42.67 ± 0.98 in Apis cerana F. and 48.71 ± 0.98 in Apis mellifera L.) at 12 Noon and the lowest (4.31 ± 0.07 in Apis cerana F. and 2.39 ± 0.07 in Apis mellifera L.) at 5 PM. The number of buckwheat flower visited by Apis cerana F. was highest at 10 AM while by Apis mellifera L. it was highest at 12 Noon. But, for both species of honeybees it was lowest at 4 PM. There was more time spent by Apis mellifera L. (2.37 seconds) per flower than Apis cerana F. (1.95 seconds) during floral visit. So, Apis cerana F is efficient in foraging and hence in pollination on buckwheat than Apis mellifera L suggesting buckwheat cultivation along with bee farming especially Apis cerana F.Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 4(2): 236-239
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4

Webster, Matthew T. "Apis mellifera." Trends in Genetics 35, no. 11 (November 2019): 880–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tig.2019.08.003.

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5

Muldowney, Micah. "Apis Mellifera." New England Review 44, no. 3 (2023): 23–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ner.2023.a908941.

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6

Masaquiza, Diego, Mario Octavio Ferrán, Santiago Guamán, Edwin Naranjo, Maritza Vaca, Lino Marcelo Curbelo, and Amilcar Arenal. "Geometric Morphometric Analysis of Wing Shape to Identify Populations of Apis mellifera in Camagüey, Cuba." Insects 14, no. 3 (March 22, 2023): 306. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects14030306.

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A total of 45 Apis mellifera colonies were sampled from nine centers for rearing queens in the Camagüey province, Cuba. Wing geometric morphometric analysis was used to determine the ancestry and identify Africanization processes at different altitudes in managed honeybee populations on the island. A total of 350 reference wings were obtained from the pure subspecies: Apis mellifera mellifera, Apis mellifera carnica, Apis mellifera ligustica, Apis mellifera caucasia, Apis mellifera iberiensis, Apis mellifera intermissa, and Apis mellifera scutellata for the study. Our results showed that altitude influences wing shape; and that 96.0% (432) of the individuals were classified as Cuban hybrids, with a tendency to the formation of a new morphotype. In addition, a great similarity was found with the subspecies Apis mellifera mellifera, and it was confirmed that there is no Africanization due to the low presence of 0.44% (2) of this morphotype in the population under study. The greatest Mahalanobis distances were obtained for the comparisons between the center rearing of queens in the Camagüey province with the subspecies A. m. scutellata (D2 = 5.18); A. m. caucasia (D2 = 6.08); A. m. ligustica (D2 = 6.27); and A. m. carnica (D2 = 6.62). The well-defined pattern of wing shape produced by honeybee populations in Camagüey’s centers for queen rearing suggests a Cuban hybrid. Moreover, it is essential to note that the populations of bees under investigation lack Africanized morphotypes, indicating that Camagüey bees have not interacted with the African lineage.
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7

Pudasaini, Rameshwor, and Resham Bahadur Thapa. "Comparative Foraging Behavior of Apis Cerana F. and Apis Mellifera L. in Rapeseed under Cage Condition in Chitwan, Nepal." International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology 2, no. 4 (December 25, 2014): 483–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v2i4.11238.

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An experiment was conducted to determine the foraging behavior of Apis mellifera L. and Apis cerana F. in rapeseed under cage condition in Chitwan, Nepal during 2012-2013. This experiment showed that Apis cerana F. foraged extra 42 minute per day as compared to Apis mellifera L. Apis cerana F. were more attracted to nectar, whereas Apis mellifera L. were more attracted to pollen collection throughout the day. The activities, in into hives and out from hives, for both species were recorded more at 2:00 pm and least at 8:00 am. The highest in-out were observed at 2:00 pm on both species as Apis mellifera L. 44.33 bees entered into hives and 49.66 bees went out of hives, whereas lower number of Apis cerana F. 43.66 bees entered into hives and 48.16 bees were out of hives. Apis mellifera L. collect 1.22:1 and 0.41:1 pollen nectar ratio at 10:00 am and 4:00 am whereas at same hours Apis cerana collect 1.16:1 and 0.30:1 pollen nectar ratio. Apis cerana F. foraged significantly higher number of rapeseed flowers and plants as compared to Apis mellifera L. under caged condition. It shows that Apis cerana F. was more efficient pollinator as compared to Apis mellifera L. under caged condition. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v2i4.11238Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol. 2(4): 483-487
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Hidayatul, Romdiyah, Sama'iradat Tito, and Hasan Zayadi. "Preferensi Lebah Madu Apis mellifera terhadap Berbagai Jenis Pakan Tambahan berdasarkan Jumlah Kunjungan dan Konsumsi Pakan di Peternakan PT Kembang Joyo, Kabupaten Malang, Jawa Timur." Jurnal SAINS ALAMI (Known Nature) 6, no. 2 (February 20, 2024): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.33474/j.sa.v6i2.16144.

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Apis mellifera honey bee is the most widely cultivated bee species in Indonesia, one of which is the Kembang Joyo farm. The need for bee feed in nature is dwindling and causes the use of additional feed to maintain bee colonies by breeders. The variety of feed types causes the need for research on bee preferences for additional feed to find the type of feed that bees most prefer and can be reached by farmers. The purpose of this study was to compare the preferences of honey bees to various types of supplementary feed at Kembang Joyo Farm and to determine the type of supplementary feed that Apis mellifera honey bees preferred. This research method is an experimental method with 6 treatments and 23 replications which were analyzed through the ANOVA test which was then continued by the Tukey test using the PAST application. The results showed that each type of feed was favored by bees with different numbers of visitors. The type of feed that was most preferred by bees based on the number of visitors was cane sugar solution with 116 individual bees visitors in one replication, while based on feed consumption the most consumed was cane sugar solution with feed consumption of 0.24 ml/individual. Apis mellifera honey bee likes cane sugar solution based on the aroma factor and sucrose content. Keywords: Apis mellifera, Preference, Suplementary food ABSTRAK Lebah madu Apis mellifera merupakan spesies lebah yang paling banyak dibudidayakan di Indonesia, salah satunya di peternakan Kembang Joyo. Kebutuhan pakan lebah di alam yang semakin menipis menyebabkan peternak menggunakan pakan tambahan untuk mempertahankan koloni lebah. Jenis pakan yang bervariasi menyebabkan perlunya penelitian tentang preferensi lebah terhadap pakan tambahan untuk menemukan jenis pakan yang paling disukai oleh lebah dan dapat dijangkau oleh peternak. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk  membandingkan preferensi lebah madu terhadap berbagai jenis pakan tambahan di Peternakan Kembang Joyo dan untuk mengetahui jenis pakan tambahan yang paling disukai lebah madu Apis mellifera. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yakni metode eksperimental dengan 6 perlakuan dan 23 kali ulangan yang dianalisa dengan uji ANOVA yang kemudian dilanjutkan dengan Uji Tukey menggunakan aplikasi PAST. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masing-masing jenis pakan disukai oleh lebah namun dengan jumlah pengunjung yang berbeda-beda. Adapun jenis pakan yang paling disukai lebah berdasarkan jumlah pengunjung yakni larutan gula tebu dengan 116 individu lebah pengunjung dalam satu kali ulangan, sedangkan berdasarkan konsumsi pakan yang paling banyak dikonsumsi adalah larutan gula tebu dengan konsumsi pakan sebanyak 0,24 ml/individu. Lebah madu Apis mellifera menyukai larutan gula tebu berdasarkan faktor aroma dan kadar sukrosa. Kata kunci: Apis mellifera, Pakan tambahan, Preferensi
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9

Yang, Huipeng, Jia Sun, Peng Tang, Changsheng Ma, Shudong Luo, and Jie Wu. "The Ratio of Sunflower Pollens Foraged by Apis mellifera Is More Than That of Apis cerana Does During Sunflower Blooming." Sociobiology 67, no. 2 (June 30, 2020): 256. http://dx.doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v67i2.4408.

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Bias foraging of pollen is general in different pollinators since various nutrition demanding, co-evolution and interaction of insect-plant. To clarify the preference of pollen foraging during sunflower blooming, the pollen foraging behaviors of Apis mellifera Linnaeus and Apis cerana Fabricius were observed. Our results displayed that two summits of pollen foraging occurred in the morning before the ambient temperature climbed up to thirty-one degree centigrade and in the afternoon after the ambient temperature decreased below thirty-one degree centigrade, respectively. Notably, the first foraging summit of Apis cerana emerged one hour earlier than that of Apis mellifera. These results imply that Apis mellifera is less resistant to low temperature but more resistant to high temperature than Apis cerana does. The colonies were surrounded by sunflowers with sporadic weeds, while only few maize dispersed over two hundred meters away. However, no more than forty percent of total pollens foraged by Apis mellifera was from sunflower, and which was no more than twenty percent in Apis cerana group. These results suggest that sunflower pollens are not the prior choice for both honey bee species, while the ratio of sunflower pollens foraged by Apis mellifera is more than that of Apis cerana does.
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10

Hizqiyah, Ida Yayu Nurul, Armansyah Putra, Meili Yanti, Unayah, Mia Nurkanti, and Nia Nurdiani. "Apis Mellifera Animal Study in a Role Perspective Using the Bibliometrix Tools (SLNA Method Application)." Jurnal Mangifera Edu 7, no. 2 (April 2, 2023): 119–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.31943/mangiferaedu.v7i2.159.

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There is no research on the study of Apis mellifera using bibliometrix tools. This study aims to determine the results of the study of Apis mellifera in a role perspective using Bibliometrix Tools. This study uses an approach that uses the Systematic Literature Network Analysis (SLNA) method assisted by bibliometrix tools in the form of four applications OpenRefine, VOSviewer, Bibliometrix, and Tableau Public. The data source used is the Scopus database. This study uses a confirmability test. Journals that publish many articles about Apis mellifera include Apidologie, Insects, and Scientific Reports. Authors who publish a lot of articles about Apis mellifera include Neumann P number 32, Chen Y and Le Conte Y number 20. The years that published a lot of articles about Apis mellifera are 2021 and 2020. The theme network consists of 5 clusters the farther the distance between topics it means that people rarely research about the topic/theme. Apis mellifera is the dominant pollinating insect that helps in the process of pollinating many plants such as blueberries and other roles, namely as medicine, from propolis to honey bee cocoons. Meanwhile, the detrimental role caused by Apis mellifera honey bees and other pollinating insects is as a vector of diseases that causes the carrying of bad bacteria that can attack plants which of course will reduce production yields.
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11

Murylev, A. V., A. V. Petukhov, and V. Yu Lipatov. "Adaptations of honeybees Apis mellifera mellifera L. and Apis mellifera carpathica to low winter temperatures." Russian Journal of Ecology 43, no. 5 (September 2012): 409–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1067413612050104.

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12

Shi, Yuan Yuan, Zachary Y. Huang, Xiao Bo Wu, Zi Long Wang, Wei Yu Yan, and Zhi Jiang Zeng. "Changes in Alternative Splicing in Apis Mellifera Bees Fed Apis Cerana Royal Jelly." Journal of Apicultural Science 58, no. 2 (December 1, 2014): 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jas-2014-0019.

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Abstract The Western honey bee (Apis mellifera) is a social insect characterized by caste differentiation in which the queen bee and worker bees display marked differences in morphology, behavior, reproduction, and longevity despite their identical genomes. The main causative factor in caste differentiation is the food fed to queen larvae, termed royal jelly (RJ). Alternative splicing (AS) is an important RNA-mediated post-transcriptional process in eukaryotes. Here we report AS changes in A. mellifera after being fed either A. mellifera RJ or A. cerana RJ. The results demonstrated that the RJ type affected 4 types of AS in adult A. mellifera: exon skipping, intron retention, alternative 5’ splice sites, and alternative 3’splice sites. After feeding with A. cerana RJ, AS occurred in many genes in adult A. mellifera that encode proteins involved in development, growth, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and substance metabolism. This study provides the first evidence that heterospecific RJ can influence the AS of many genes related to honey bee development and growth.
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Dearden, P. K., E. J. Duncan, and M. J. Wilson. "The Honeybee Apis mellifera." Cold Spring Harbor Protocols 2009, no. 6 (June 1, 2009): pdb.emo123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/pdb.emo123.

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14

Buczek, Krzysztof. "Pathogens of Apis mellifera." Annales UMCS, Medicina Veterinaria 63, no. 3 (January 1, 2008): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10082-008-0008-8.

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15

WILSON, E. O. "Apis mellifera: Honeybee Ecology." Science 231, no. 4738 (February 7, 1986): 625–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.231.4738.625-a.

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16

MADRAS-MAJEWSKA, BEATA, and ŁUCJA SKONIECZNA. "Origin and protection of middle-European bees in Europe." Medycyna Weterynaryjna 75, no. 11 (2019): 6347–2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.21521/mw.6347.

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The population of the honey bee, Apis mellifera, continues to shrink. The middle-European bee, Apis m. mellifera, is particularly at risk in Europe. The drop in the number of middle-European bees is so huge that the insect is under the threat of extinction. Today, they live on small areas covered by the protection of genetic resources. Apis m. mellifera is protected mainly in areas where this species evolved: for instance, in Switzerland, Latvia, Norway, Sweden, Finland, Denmark, France, Germany, Poland or Russia. This paper presents methods used to preserve and protect Apis m. mellifera in Europe and research on the descent and original extent of the species. It also reviews opportunities created by the implementation of various types of programs for the protection of genetic resources of Apis m. mellifera and ways of employing morphological and genetic studies for the conservative breeding of middle-European bees. The paper demonstrates that the protection of Apis m. mellifera in Europe is necessary, considering the decreasing size, and the threat of hybridization, of this population. The use of the morphometric evaluation and DNA analysis methods have made it possible to track and compare likely directions of propagation of genes in the long history of evolution of bees. Moreover, these methods have given us better insight into the ongoing processes. The current use of these methods for reliable identification of bee breeds helps to protect Apis m. mellifera more effectively. European programs for the protection of genetic resources of bees are based on the following two main paradigms: the breeding of local isolated populations on islands and establishment of protected inland areas for the conservative breeding of contained swarms. All these programs share and are successful in achieving the goal that consists in the preservation of the characteristics of Apis m. mellifera as unchanged as possible, with retention of the maximum genetic diversity of the species.
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Farshineh Adl, M. Bagher, H. Vasfi Gençer, Çetin Firatli, and Rasoul Bahreini. "Morphometric characterization of Iranian (Apis mellifera meda), Central Anatolian (Apis mellifera anatoliaca) and Caucasian (Apis mellifera caucasica) honey bee populations." Journal of Apicultural Research 46, no. 4 (January 2007): 225–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00218839.2007.11101399.

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18

LIAKOS (Β. ΛΙΑΚΟΣ), B. "Investigation on the relationship between population synthesis of the honeybee stocks reared in Crete and their resistance to the tracheal mite Acarapis woodi, Rennie." Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society 53, no. 1 (January 31, 2018): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.15359.

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The population synthesis of honey bee breeds reared in Crete by crossbreeding among the native race Apis mellifera adami, Ruttner, the Macedonian bee Apis mellifera macedonica, Ruttner, and the Italian bee Apis mellifera ligustica, Spinal, was determinated. The probable relationship between population synthesis and resistance to tracheal mite Acarapis woodi, Rennie, of these breeds was also investigated. Samples of 50 bees were taken from 45 colonies of an apiary, infested with acarine disease, in which the bees showed a great diversity in their morphological characteristics and were examined as regards: a) the morphological and morphometric characteristics of the sampled bees, and b) the number of infested colonies, the prevalence, the unilateral or bilateral infection and the parasite intensity of thoracic tracheas, from every sample infested by Acarapis woodi. After examination the colonies were classified in four groups, according to morphological and morphometric characteristics that hade the majority of the bees in each sample: Group I, hybrids of Apis mellifera macedonica, group II, hybrids of Apis mellifera ligustica, group III, hybrids of "bright yellow" type of Apis mellifera ligustica, and group IV, diversiform hybrids. From the tracheas examinations it was detected that: the population synthesis affects the resistance of bee colonies. Bee colonies of group I showed the highest resistance. On the contrary, those of group III showed the lowest. Bee colonies of the two other groups showed relatively high resistance but less high than that of A. m. macedonica.
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Khabibi, Jauhar, Albayudi Albayudi, and Dicky Julasdianta Ginting. "KUALITAS MADU DARI 3 SPESIES LEBAH PENGHASIL MADU." Jurnal Silva Tropika 6, no. 1 (November 4, 2022): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.22437/jsilvtrop.v6i1.21308.

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ABSTRACTHoney is a food ingredient that has high nutritional value. The quality of honey varies greatly depending on the source of the honey-producing bees (Apis mellifera, Apis dorsata, and Trigona sp.). Data related to the quality of honey produced from these 3 types of bees have not been explored and are easily obtained widely. Though this data is very important to determine the use and utilization of honey appropriately. This study aims to analyze the quality of honey from 3 types of honey-producing bees. Honey samples from 3 species Apis mellifera, Apis dorsata, and Trigona sp. Chemical and physical tests were carried out 5 replicates for each sample. The test results were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results showed a chemical test with water content test parameters. The honey acidity test parameters, reducing sugar content test, ash content test, water insoluble solids test were in accordance with (Indonesia National Standard) SNI. Meanwhile, for the water content parameter, only Apis mellifera was suitable. Meanwhile, in the sucrose test, only Trigona sp. which does not meet SNI. Keywords: honey, bee, species, quality ABSTRAKMadu adalah bahan pangan yang mempunyai khasiat tinggi yang kaya akan nutrisi. Mutu madu sangat beragam bergantung pada sumber jenis lebah penghasil madu (Apis mellifera, Apis dorsata, dan Trigona sp.). Data terkait kualitas madu yang dihasilkan dari 3 jenis lebah ini belum tergali dan mudah didapatkan secara luas. Padahal data ini sangat penting untuk menentukan penggunaan dan pemanfaatan madu secara tepat guna. Penelitian bertujuan menganalisi kualitas madu dari 3 jenis lebah penghasil madu. Sampel madu dari 3 spesies Apis mellifera, Apis dorsata, dan Trigona sp. diuji kimia dan fisik dilakukan 5 ulangan setiap sampel. Hasil pengujian dianalisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan uji kimia dengan parameter uji kadar air. Parameter uji keasaman madu, uji kadar gula reduksi, uji kadar abu, uji padatan tak larut dalam air sesuai dengan stanadar nasional indoensia (SNI). Sedangkan pada parameter kadar air hanya Apis mellifera yang sesuai. Sedangkan pada uji sukrosa hanya madu Trigona sp. yang tidak memenuhi SNI. Kata kunci: madu, lebah, spesies, kualitas
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Zhang, Yan-Zheng, Shuai Wang, Yi-Fan Chen, Yu-Qi Wu, Jing Tian, Juan-Juan Si, Cui-Ping Zhang, Huo-Qing Zheng, and Fu-Liang Hu. "Authentication of Apis cerana Honey and Apis mellifera Honey Based on Major Royal Jelly Protein 2 Gene." Molecules 24, no. 2 (January 14, 2019): 289. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24020289.

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In Asia, honey is mainly produced by Apis mellifera and Apis cerana. However, the price of A. cerana honey is usually much higher than A. mellifera honey. Seeing considerable profits, some dishonest companies and beekeepers mislabel A. mellifera honey as A. cerana honey or incorporate A. mellifera honey into A. cerana honey. In the present study, we developed methods to discriminate A. cerana honey from A. mellifera honey based on the MRJP2 (major royal jelly protein 2) gene. Two pairs of species-specific primers were designed. The amplification products of A. cerana and A. mellifera were 212 and 560 bp, respectively. As little as one percent incorporation of A. mellifera honey in the mixture can be detected by duplex PCR. Additionally, another method based on the melt curve analysis using the same primers was also developed, allowing a rapid discrimination of real-time PCR product of different species. Our study shows that the entomological authentication of honey samples can be identified by nuclear genes other than mitochondrial genes and this extends the possibility of gene selection in identification. The authentication system we proposed could be a useful tool for discriminating A. cerana honey from A. mellifera honey.
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BOBIS, Otilia, Daniel Severus DEZMIREAN, Liviu Alexandru MARGHITAS, Victorita BONTA, Rodica MARGAOAN, Claudia PASCA, Adriana URCAN, and Pushpendra Singh BANDHARI. "Beebread from Apis mellifera and Apis dorsata. Comparative Chemical Composition and Bioactivity." Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Animal Science and Biotechnologies 74, no. 1 (May 18, 2017): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-asb:12620.

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Beebread is a valuable bee product, both for bee nutrition and for humans. The high nutritional and bioactive properties of beebread were evaluated by chemical composition analysis of beebread from Apis mellifera and Apis dorsata. Bee bread harvested from Romania and India, coming from Apis mellifera and Apis dorsata bees, were evaluated for their chemical composition. Analyses were made in APHIS Laboratory from USAMV Cluj, using validated methods for bee products. Lipids were determined by the Soxhlet extraction method, total protein content was determined by Kjehldahl method, sugar spectrum was determined by high performance liquid chromatography with refractive index detection (HPLC-IR). Water content of beebread samples were situated between 11.45 and 16.46%, total protein content between 16.84 and 19.19% and total lipids between 6.36 and 13.47%. Beebread has high bioactive properties which can be expressed as antioxidant and/or antibacterial activity. Chemical composition and bioactive properties of beebread is influenced by floral origin of the pollen which the bees collect and place in combs for fermentation. Also the climatic conditions have an important role in developing different fermentation compounds, that may act as antioxidants or antibacterial agents.
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PENG, WENJUN, JILIAN LI, YAZHOU ZHAO, YANPING CHEN, and ZHIJIANG ZENG. "A descriptive study of the prevalence of parasites and pathogens in Chinese black honeybees." Parasitology 142, no. 11 (July 17, 2015): 1364–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182015000840.

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SUMMARYThe Chinese black honey bee is a distinct honey bee subspecies distributed in the Xinjiang, Heilongjiang and Jilin Provinces of China. We conducted a study to investigate the genetic origin and the parasite/pathogen profile on Chinese black honeybees. The phylogenetic analysis indicated that Chinese black honeybees were two distinct groups: one group of bees formed a distinct clade that was most similar to Apis mellifera mellifera and the other group was a hybrid of the subspecies, Apis mellifera carnica, Apis mellifera anatolica and Apis mellifera caucasica. This suggests that the beekeeping practices might have promoted gene flow between different subspecies. Screening for pathogens and parasites showed that Varroa destructor and viruses were detected at low prevalence in Chinese black honeybees, compared with Italian bees. Further, a population of pure breeding black honeybees, A. m. mellifera, displayed a high degree of resistance to Varroa. No Varroa mites or Deformed wing virus could be detected in any examined bee colonies. This finding suggests that a population of pure breeding Chinese black honeybees possess some natural resistance to Varroa and indicated the need or importance for the conservation of the black honeybees in China.
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Kumar, Rajeev, Neelima R. Kumar, and Jaspreet Kaur. "Protein profiling of Apis species (Hymenoptera: Apidae) adult worker honey bees from North-western region of India." ENTOMON 41, no. 2 (June 30, 2016): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.33307/entomon.v41i2.164.

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In Apis, biodiversity studies at genetic and molecular level were done to identify the proteins responsible for polymorphism in different species of Apis viz. Apis florea F., Apis dorsata F., Apis cerana F. and Apis mellifera L. from north-west region of India using SDS-Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). Some species specific protein bands were obtained by SDS-PAGE technique followed by Commassie BB staining and silver staining. The present results revealed that the total content of proteins was highest in A. dorsata with highest number of protein bands unique to species followed by A. mellifera, A. florea and A. cerana. Most prominent were at 38.7 kDa and 35.3 kDa in A. dorsata; 46.4 kDa and 29.0 kDa in A. florea; 83.9 kDa and 40.4 kDa in A. mellifera and 61.0 kDa and 27.9 kDa in A. cerana respectively. Some species specific protein bands with silver staining were as 33.6 and 59.2 kDa in Apis florea; 57.2 kDa in A. dorsata; 49.6 and 63.6 kDa in A. mellifera and 36.1 and 38.8 kDa in A. cerana. Based on identification of these unique bands, it is concluded that the species with wide geographic distribution have large number of protein bands as compared to species with least distribution area.
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Panasiuk, Beata, Małgorzata Bieńkowska, Dariusz Gerula, and Paweł Węgrzynowicz. "Susceptibility of Bee Larvae to Chalkbrood in Relation to Hygienic Behaviour of Worker Bees in Colonies of Chosen Races of Honeybee (Apis Mellifera )." Journal of Apicultural Science 58, no. 1 (June 1, 2014): 119–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jas-2014-0012.

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Abstract The susceptibility of bee larvae to Ascosphaera apis infestation and the hygienic behaviour of worker bees in relation to A. apis infected and freeze-killed brood were evaluated in three races of bees: Apis mellifera carnica, Apis mellifera caucasica, and Apis mellifera mellifera. Experimental bee colonies were evaluated in field conditions during the three beekeeping seasons. The lowest percentage of infected larvae was observed in car GR1 and mel A colonies (8.5% and 15%, respectively) and the highest in car Mr and cau P colonies (21% and 24.3%, respectively). Bees in the car GR1 and mel A colonies removed mummified brood in a shorter period of time (6.5 and 7.1 days on average, respectively) than car Mr and cau P colonies (above 8 days). Bees in the mel A and car GR1 colonies cleaned significantly more cells with freeze-killed brood within 24 and 48 hours (above 70% and 80% on average, respectively) than car Mr and cau P colonies (on average 10 - 20% lower cleaning rate). A low correlation coefficient was found for the susceptibility of larvae to A. apis infection and hygienic behaviour.
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Yongsawas, Rujipas, Veeranan Chaimanee, Jeffery S. Pettis, Humberto Freire Boncristiani Junior, Dawn Lopez, Ammarin In-on, Panuwan Chantawannakul, and Terd Disayathanoowat. "Impact of Sacbrood Virus on Larval Microbiome of Apis mellifera and Apis cerana." Insects 11, no. 7 (July 13, 2020): 439. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11070439.

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In this study, we examined the impact of Sacbrood virus (SBV), the cause of larval honeybee (Apis mellifera) death, producing a liquefied a larva sac, on the gut bacterial communities on two larval honeybee species, Apis mellifera and Apis cerana. SBV was added into a worker jelly food mixture and bee larvae were grafted into each of the treatment groups for 24 h before DNA/RNA extraction. Confirmation of SBV infection was achieved using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and visual symptomology. The 16S rDNA was sequenced by Illumina sequencing. The results showed the larvae were infected with SBV. The gut communities of infected A. cerana larvae exhibited a dramatic change compared with A. mellifera. In A. mellifera larvae, the Illumina sequencing revealed the proportion of Gilliamella, Snodgrassella and Fructobacillus was not significantly different, whereas in A. cerana, Gilliamella was significantly decreased (from 35.54% to 2.96%), however, with significant increase in Snodgrassella and Fructobacillus. The possibility of cross-infection should be further investigated.
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Ko, Chong-Yu, Zong-Lin Chiang, Ruo-Jyun Liao, Zih-Ting Chang, Ju-Chun Chang, Tsun-Yung Kuo, Yue-Wen Chen, and Yu-Shin Nai. "Dynamics of Apis cerana Sacbrood Virus (AcSBV) Prevalence in Apis cerana (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Northern Taiwan and Demonstration of its Infection in Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae)." Journal of Economic Entomology 112, no. 5 (July 17, 2019): 2055–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jee/toz174.

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AbstractSince 2016, Apis cerana sacbrood virus (AcSBV) has been recorded in Taiwan. It is epizootic in Apis cerana (Hymenoptera: Apidae) and causing serious loss of A. cerana. Herein, we performed a long-term survey of AcSBV prevalence in the populations of A. cerana in Northern Taiwan from January 2017 to July 2018. The surveillance of AcSBV prevalence in A. mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae) populations was starting and further confirmed by sequencing since April 2017; thus, these data were also included in this survey. In our survey, the average prevalence rates of AcSBV were 72 and 53% in A. cerana and A. mellifera, respectively, in 2017, which decreased to 45 and 27% in 2018. For the spatial analysis of AcSBV in two honey bee populations, Hsinchu showed the highest prevalence, followed by New Taipei, Yilan, Taipei, and Keelung, suggesting that AcSBV might have come from the southern part of Taiwan. Interestingly, the AcSBV prevalence rates from A. cerana and A. mellifera cocultured apiaries gradually synchronized. The result of phylogenetic analysis and comparison of the annual AcSBV prevalence in A. cerana-only, A. mellifera-only, and A. cerana/A. mellifera cocultured sample sites indicate cross-infection between A. cerana and A. mellifera; however, AcSBV may lose the advantage of virulence in A. mellifera. The evidence suggested that the transmission of AcSBV might occur among these two honey bee species in the field. Therefore, A. mellifera may serve as a guard species to monitor AcSBV in A. cerana, but the cross-infection still needs to be surveyed.
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Parajuli, Sangita Egan, and RB Thapa. "Foraging Behavior of Apis mellifera L. Landraces Under Terai Condition of Nepal." Nepal Journal of Science and Technology 13, no. 2 (March 8, 2013): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njst.v13i2.7714.

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A study was conducted to compare the foraging behavior of landraces of Apis mellifera L. under Terai condition of Nepal, for which the honeybee colonies were brought from Dang, Chitwan, Sarlahi and Parsa districts. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with six replications (colonies) and four treatments (landraces), i.e. Apis mellifera carnica, Apis mellifera russian, Apis mellifera buckfast and Apis mellifera ligustica. Each experimental unit consisted of 10 frame Langstroth bee hives with about 50,000 workers. Data recording continued from 26 March to 14 July in Chitwan. The landrace A.m. buckfast had the highest out-going foragers/5min (115.667 workers/ colony) significantly higher than A.m. carnica (73.500 workers/colony), A.m. russian (52.667 workers/colony) and A.m. ligustica (48.667 workers/colony), respectively. Similarly, the average number of foragers (in-coming with nectar/5min) was recorded the highest in A.m. buckfast (104.501 workers/colony) which was 1.46, 1.63, 1.78 times higher than A.m. carnica, A.m. russian, A.m. ligustica, respectively. Therefore, A.m. buckfast and A.m. carnica colonies were the best performers in relation to foraging behavior among the four evaluated land races during spring and summer seasons under Terai condition of Nepal. Nepal Journal of Science and Technology Vol. 13, No. 2 (2012) 51-56 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njst.v13i2.7714
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28

Porrini, Leonardo P., Martin P. Porrini, Paula M. Garrido, Judith Principal, Carlos J. Barrios Suarez, Brigitte Bianchi, Pedro J. Fernandez Iriarte, and Martín J. Eguaras. "First Identification of Nosema Ceranae (Microsporidia) Infecting Apis Mellifera in Venezuela." Journal of Apicultural Science 61, no. 1 (June 27, 2017): 149–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jas-2017-0010.

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Abstract Nosema ceranae is a pathogen of Apis mellifera, which seems to have jumped from its original host Asiatic honey bee Apis ceranae. Nosemosis which affects the honey bee Apis mellifera is caused by two parasitic fungi described as etiologic agents of the disease. Nosema apis was the only microsporidian infection identified in A. mellifera until N. ceranae in Taiwan and Europe. Nosema spp. positive samples of adult worker bees from the Venezuelean state of Lara were determined through light microscopy of spores. Samples were then tested to determine Nosema species (N.apis/N.ceranae) using previously reported PCR primers for the 16S rRNA gene. A multiplex PCR assay was used to differentiate both N. apis and N. ceranae species. Only N. ceranae was found in the analyzed samples and the percentage of infected foragers fluctuated between 18% and 60%.
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29

Hepburn, H. R., S. E. Radloff, and S. Fuchs. "Population structure and the interface between Apis mellifera capensis and Apis mellifera scutellata." Apidologie 29, no. 4 (1998): 333–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/apido:19980404.

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30

Martin, Stephen, Theresa Wossler, and Per Kryger. "Usurpation of African Apis mellifera scutellata colonies by parasitic Apis mellifera capensis workers." Apidologie 33, no. 2 (March 2002): 215–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/apido:2002003.

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31

Pudasaini, R., and RB Thapa. "Effect of pollination on rapeseed (Brassica campestris L. var. Toria) production in Chitwan, Nepal." Journal of Agriculture and Environment 15 (June 1, 2014): 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/aej.v15i0.19814.

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Rapeseed is an important cash crop of Nepal and an experiment was conducted to study the effect of pollination on its production in Chitwan during 2012-2013. The experiment was designed in Randomized Complete Block with four replications and five pollination treatments. The rapeseed plots were caged with mosquito nets at 10% flowering except natural pollination. Two-framed colonies of Apis mellifera L. and Apis cerana F. were introduced separately for pollination, and control plot caged without pollinators. Seed set increased by 48.72% with Apis cerana F. and 45.73% with Apis mellifera L. pollination as compared to the control. The highest seed yield was obtained from Apis cerana F. (1.11 mt/ha), followed by Apis mellifera L. (0.88 mt/ha), hand (0.75 mt/ha), natural pollination (0.66 mt/ha) and control (0.13 mt/ha), respectively. This study clearly indicated pollination deficit under natural condition, and therefore, management of honeybee is necessary for higher production and productivity of rapeseed under Chitwan condition.
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32

Ильясов, Рустем Абузарович, Дже Вон Джунг, Донг Ин Ким, Кил Вон Ким, and Хюн Вук Квон. "Сравнительный анализ эффективности обучения двух видов пчел Apis cerana и Apis mellifera." Аграрная Россия, no. 11 (November 28, 2018): 41–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.30906/1999-5636-2018-11-41-44.

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Apis cerana и Apis mellifera, сестринские виды пчел, которые разделились около 9 млн лет назад и были географически изолированы до наших дней. Они являются активными опылителями и играют важную роль в сельском хозяйстве. Для успешного выживания пчелам важно быстро формировать и сохранять разные условные рефлексы. Рабочие пчелы должны помнить путь как к цветущим растениям, так и обратно к ульям. Кроме того, рабочие пчелы должны запоминать запахи многих присутствующих цветов для хорошего ориентирования в пространстве и быстрого сбора нектара и пыльцы. Объектом исследования служили два вида пчел A. cerana и A. mellifera, которых содержали на пасеках Инчхонского национального университета (Южная Корея). Изучали рефлекс вытягивания хоботка пчел на действие запахов в период с июня по июль 2017 г. Для эксперимента использовали по 80 рабочих особей пчел каждого вида. Все эксперименты проводили в 4-кратной повторности. Показано, что эффективность обучения различается у A. cerana и A. mellifera. Обучение A. cerana происходит медленнее A. mellifera, но кратковременная память через 1 ч у A. cerana выражена лучше, чем у A. mellifera. Однако долговременная память через 24 ч гораздо лучше выражена у A. mellifera по сравнению с A. cerana. Результаты эксперимента могут стать важной основой для разработки новых подходов по разведению пчел и опылению растений.
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Covaci, Mihai, Brindusa Covaci, and Carla Selma. "Apis mellifera honey: Healing effects - A value chain view from mountain agriculture." International Journal of Ayurvedic Medicine 15, no. 2 (July 10, 2024): 452–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.47552/ijam.v15i2.4616.

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Aims and objectives: This study systematically investigates Apis Mellifera honey as an integral component within the beekeeping value chain, specifically emphasizing its role in apicultural mountain production. Methods: The research delves into multifaceted dimensions, encompassing agronomical and territorial profiles, generated through the utilization of the Paintmap online software. Additionally, the investigation employs experimental and statistical perspectives, utilizing SPSS and Excel software for analysis. Important observations and results: The outcomes of this comprehensive analysis reveal a noteworthy evolution in the Apis Mellifera honey market, particularly during the prevailing pandemic circumstances. The findings elucidate a discernible surge in market development over recent years. Ultimately, the paper posits that the value chain associated with Apis Mellifera mountain honey originating from European Romania substantiates a substantial foundation for mountain production and agricultural practices. In summation, this exploration contributes to the scholarly understanding of the intricate dynamics within the apicultural sector, shedding light on the pivotal role of Apis Mellifera honey in sustaining robust mountain production and farming activities.
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Hung, Keng-Lou James, Jennifer M. Kingston, Matthias Albrecht, David A. Holway, and Joshua R. Kohn. "The worldwide importance of honey bees as pollinators in natural habitats." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 285, no. 1870 (January 10, 2018): 20172140. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2017.2140.

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The western honey bee ( Apis mellifera ) is the most frequent floral visitor of crops worldwide, but quantitative knowledge of its role as a pollinator outside of managed habitats is largely lacking. Here we use a global dataset of 80 published plant–pollinator interaction networks as well as pollinator effectiveness measures from 34 plant species to assess the importance of A. mellifera in natural habitats. Apis mellifera is the most frequent floral visitor in natural habitats worldwide, averaging 13% of floral visits across all networks (range 0–85%), with 5% of plant species recorded as being exclusively visited by A. mellifera . For 33% of the networks and 49% of plant species, however, A. mellifera visitation was never observed, illustrating that many flowering plant taxa and assemblages remain dependent on non- A. mellifera visitors for pollination. Apis mellifera visitation was higher in warmer, less variable climates and on mainland rather than island sites, but did not differ between its native and introduced ranges. With respect to single-visit pollination effectiveness, A. mellifera did not differ from the average non- A. mellifera floral visitor, though it was generally less effective than the most effective non- A. mellifera visitor. Our results argue for a deeper understanding of how A. mellifera , and potential future changes in its range and abundance, shape the ecology, evolution, and conservation of plants, pollinators, and their interactions in natural habitats.
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Nyeko, P., G. Edwards-Jones, and R. K. Day. "Honeybee, Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae), leaf damage on Alnus species in Uganda: a blessing or curse in agroforestry?" Bulletin of Entomological Research 92, no. 5 (October 2002): 405–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/ber2002187.

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AbstractIt is a dictum that Apis mellifera Linnaeus is innocuous in agricultural ecosystems. This study provides the first record of A. mellifera as a significant defoliator of Alnus species. Careful field observations coupled with microscopic examination provided convincing evidence implicating A. mellifera as the cause of leaf perforation on Alnus species in Uganda. Apis mellifera was observed foraging selectively on young Alnus leaves and buds in search of a sticky substance, apparently propolis. In so doing, the bee created wounds that enlarged and caused tattering of Alnus leaves as they matured. Biological surveys indicated that the damage was prevalent and occurred widely, particularly on Alnus acuminata Kunth in Uganda. Incidence of the Apis mellifera damage on Alnus acuminata peaked in the dry season, with up to 90% of leaves emerging per shoot per month damaged, and was lowest in the wet months during peak leaf emergence. Apis mellifera leaf damage was consistently higher on Alnus acuminata than A. nepalensis D. Don., on saplings than mature trees, and on sun exposed than shaded leaves. The activity of honeybees may be detrimental to the productivity of Alnus, yet the substance for which the insect forages on Alnus is a resource with potential economic importance.
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Reinsch, N., H. Schuster, K. Bienefeld, and F. Pirchner. "Morphologischer Vergleich von Völkern der "Landbiene" in Niedersachsen mit typischer Apis mellifera carnica und Apis mellifera mellifera." Apidologie 22, no. 1 (1991): 75–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/apido:19910109.

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Liu, Yibing, Wencheng Zong, Mohamed Diaby, Zheguang Lin, Saisai Wang, Bo Gao, Ting Ji, and Chengyi Song. "Diversity and Evolution of pogo and Tc1/mariner Transposons in the Apoidea Genomes." Biology 10, no. 9 (September 20, 2021): 940. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology10090940.

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Bees (Apoidea), the largest and most crucial radiation of pollinators, play a vital role in the ecosystem balance. Transposons are widely distributed in nature and are important drivers of species diversity. However, transposons are rarely reported in important pollinators such as bees. Here, we surveyed 37 bee genomesin Apoidea, annotated the pogo and Tc1/mariner transposons in the genome of each species, and performed a phylogenetic analysis and determined their overall distribution. The pogo and Tc1/mariner families showed high diversity and low abundance in the 37 species, and their proportion was significantly higher in solitary bees than in social bees. DD34D/mariner was found to be distributed in almost all species and was found in Apis mellifera, Apis mellifera carnica, Apis mellifera caucasia, and Apis mellifera mellifera, and Euglossa dilemma may still be active. Using horizontal transfer analysis, we found that DD29-30D/Tigger may have experienced horizontal transfer (HT) events. The current study displayed the evolution profiles (including diversity, activity, and abundance) of the pogo and Tc1/mariner transposons across 37 species of Apoidea. Our data revealed their contributions to the genomic variations across these species and facilitated in understanding of the genome evolution of this lineage.
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Kakhramanov, Boymakhmat, Solikh Isamukhamedov, Farida Kuldasheva, Saydulla Doniyorov, and Nilufar Rakhimjanova. "Breeding indicators of Carniolan (Apis mellifera carnica pollm) and Carpathy (Apis mellifera carpatica) honey bees." E3S Web of Conferences 244 (2021): 02008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202124402008.

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In our research, the adaptation of imported carniolan (Apis mellifera carnica Pollm) and Carpathian (Apis mellifera carpatica) honey bees to the natural climatic conditions of Uzbekistan, the main indicators of queen bees in experimental groups, the results of two-year assessment and economic benefits were studied for the first time in Uzbekistan.
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Yokoi, Kakeru, Kiyoshi Kimura, and Hidemasa Bono. "Revealing Landscapes of Transposable Elements in Apis Species by Meta-Analysis." Insects 13, no. 8 (August 3, 2022): 698. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects13080698.

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Transposable elements (TEs) are grouped into several families with diverse sequences. Owing to their diversity, studies involving the detection, classification, and annotation of TEs are difficult tasks. Moreover, simple comparisons of TEs among different species with different methods can lead to misinterpretations. The genome data of several honey bee (Apis) species are available in public databases. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis of TEs, using 11 sets of genome data for Apis species, in order to establish data of “landscape of TEs”. Consensus TE sequences were constructed and their distributions in the Apis genomes were determined. Our results showed that TEs belonged to four to seven TE families among 13 and 15 families of TEs detected in classes I and II respectively mainly consisted of Apis TEs and that more DNA/TcMar-Mariner consensus sequences and copies were present in all Apis genomes tested. In addition, more consensus sequences and copy numbers of DNA/TcMar-Mariner were detected in Apis mellifera than in other Apis species. These results suggest that TcMar-Mariner might exert A. mellifera-specific effects on the host A. mellifera species. In conclusion, our unified approach enabled comparison of Apis genome sequences to determine the TE landscape, which provide novel evolutionary insights into Apis species.
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Tuegeh, Reinny Silvana, Herry Maurits Sumampouw, Meity Neltje Tanor, and Yermia Semuel Mokosuli. "Bioactive Contents, BSLT Toxicity and antioxidants from Apis dorsata Binghami and Apis mellifera nest extracts." JURNAL PEMBELAJARAN DAN BIOLOGI NUKLEUS 9, no. 2 (July 29, 2023): 398–413. http://dx.doi.org/10.36987/jpbn.v9i2.4514.

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Beenest is rich in secondary metabolites because honeycombs, among others, are formed from plant resins (propolis). This study aimed to analyze differences in flavonoid content and in vitro antioxidant activity of Apis dorsata Binghami and Apis mellifera nest extracts. The samples used were A. dorsata from North Sulawesi and A. mellifera from South Sulawesi. The honeycomb was extracted using 95% ethanol solvent. Honeycomb extract was analyzed for its flavonoid content by the HPLC method, toxicity was tested by the BSLT method, and in vitro antioxidant activity was tested by the DPPH method. The results of the analysis of flavonoids showed that A. dorsata nest extract produced 21 types of compounds while A. mellifera produced 26 types of compounds. The toxicity test results showed that the A. dorsata nest extract had a better LC50 of 245,691 mg/l than the A. mellifera nest extract with an LC50 of 443,701 mg/l. The in vitro antioxidant test results of A. dorsata nest extract were more robust, namely IC 50 1.161 mg/l, compared to A. mellifera nest extract IC 50 2.404 mg/l. However, both were included in the category of powerful antioxidants. In vitro, anticancer test results on MCF-7 cells, A. mellifera nest extract was active with IC 50 100.02mg/l. Compared to A. dorsata extract, it was active with IC 50 102.217mg/l, but the two were not significantly different. Based on the analysis of flavonoid content, toxicity test, and antioxidant test, A.dorsata and A.mellifera honeycomb extracts have potential as in vitro antioxidants
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41

Yuan, Chunying, Xuejian Jiang, Man Liu, Sa Yang, Shuai Deng, and Chunsheng Hou. "An Investigation of Honey Bee Viruses Prevalence in Managed Honey Bees (Apis mellifera and Apis cerana) Undergone Colony Decline." Open Microbiology Journal 15, no. 1 (July 12, 2021): 58–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874285802115010058.

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Objective: In the absence of known clinical symptoms, viruses were considered to be the most probable key pathogens of honey bee. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and distribution of honey bee viruses in managed Apis mellifera and Apis cerana in China. Methods: We conducted a screening of 8 honey bee viruses on A. mellifera and A. cerana samples collected from 54 apiaries from 13 provinces in China using RT-PCR. Results: We found that the types and numbers of viral species significantly differed between A. mellifera and A. cerana. Black Queen Cell Virus (BQCV), Chronic Bee Paralysis Virus (CBPV), Apis mellifera filamentous virus (AmFV), and Kakugo virus (DWV-A/KV) were the primary viruses found in A. mellifera colonies, whereas Chinese Sacbrood Bee Virus (CSBV) and Sacbrood Bee Virus (SBV) were the primary viruses found in A. cerana. The percentage infection of BQCV and CSBV were 84.6% and 61.6% in all detected samples. We first detected the occurrences of Varroa destructor virus-1 (VDV-1 or DWV-B) and DWV-A/KV in China but not ABPV in both A. mellifera and A. cerana. Conclusion: This study showed that BQCV and CSBV are the major threat to investigated A. mellifera and A. cerana colonies.
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Sibala, Henike, Orbanus Naharia, Nonny Manampiring, and Yermia Semuel Mokosuli. "In Vitro Antidiabetic Activity and Bioactive Ingredients of Apis mellifera and Apis dorsata Binghami Nest Extracts." JURNAL PEMBELAJARAN DAN BIOLOGI NUKLEUS 9, no. 2 (July 29, 2023): 435–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.36987/jpbn.v9i2.4511.

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Indonesia ranks 7th out of ten countries with diabetes mellitus, which continues to increase yearly. Honeycomb is rich in secondary metabolites formed from plant resins (propolis) which contain alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, steroids and triterpenes. The research aimed to analyze the comparison of flavonoid content and antidiabetic activity with the enzyme α-glucosidase In Vitro nest extract of A. mellifera and A. dorsata Binghami. The samples used were nests of A. mellifera from northern Toraja, southern Sulawesi and A. dorsata Binghami from Southeast Minahasa, North Sulawesi. Using 96% ethanol, HPLC method of flavonoid testing and in vitro antidiabetic activity testing using α-glucosidase enzymes. The flavonoid content results were based on the number of peaks produced and the retention time of A. mellifera produced 26 compounds, and A. dorsata Bingham produced 21 compounds. The results of in vitro antidiabetic tests with α-glucoside enzyme inhibitors obtained IC50 values from the nest extract of A. mellifera of 3.605 mg/L and the nest extract of A. dorsata Binghami of 4.992 mg/L. The extract from A. mellifera had better antidiabetic potential than that of A. dorsata Binghami, although the difference is insignificant.
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Domingos, Gabriel Barbosa. "ILUMINAÇÃO ARTIFICIAL OU AMEAÇA ÀS ABELHAS?" RECIMA21 - Revista Científica Multidisciplinar - ISSN 2675-6218 2, no. 4 (May 27, 2021): e24269. http://dx.doi.org/10.47820/recima21.v2i4.269.

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A iluminação artificial afeta a existência de várias espécies, a Apis Mellifera pode ser uma dessas e foi abordada neste trabalho. Em uma primeira análise comparativa foram abordadas diversas fontes de iluminação artificial com diversos períodos da luz natural, a partir da coleta de informações foi identificada a diferença expressiva para qual a espécie em questão pode não estar adaptada completamente. A segunda análise estabelece a frequência perceptível pela Apis Mellifera, dessa maneira evidenciando uma alternativa para a iluminação artificial. Chegou-se a conclusão que a fração do espectro eletromagnético emitido e que é visível, é capaz de influenciar a Apis Mellifera dadas as suas condições biológicas. Por esta razão a iluminação artificial poderia contribuir com o C.C.D.
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Pernal, Stephen F. "Introduction to Apiculture (Apis mellifera)." Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice 37, no. 3 (November 2021): 381–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cvfa.2021.06.013.

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Morfin, Nuria, Ricardo Anguiano-Baez, and Ernesto Guzman-Novoa. "Honey Bee (Apis mellifera) Immunity." Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice 37, no. 3 (November 2021): 521–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cvfa.2021.06.007.

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Brandt, Liam J. "Antibiotics in Apis mellifera Hemolymph." FASEB Journal 34, S1 (April 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.2020.34.s1.04916.

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Horth, Lisa, Nizar Haddad, and Abdullah Nasher. "Apis mellifera jemenitica in Yemen." Bee World 94, no. 3 (July 3, 2017): 66–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0005772x.2017.1345225.

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Tomás-Barberán, F. A., F. Ferreres, F. Tomás-Lorente, and A. Ortiz. "Flavonoids from Apis mellifera Beeswax." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 48, no. 1-2 (February 1, 1993): 68–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1993-1-213.

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The flavonoids present in beeswax produced in “La Alcarria” region were analyzed by HPLC. Pinocembrin, pinobanksin, pinobanksin 3-acetate, chrysin, galangin and techtochrysin were detected as the main flavonoid constituents. This is the first detailed report on the flavonoids of beeswax. These substances are already present when wax scales are secreted by bees. The same flavonoid compounds were generally present in honey, propolis and Populus nigra bud exudates collected in the same geographical region. These results indicate that beeswax flavonoids originate from those of honey and/or propolis, and suggest that analysis of beeswax flavonoids could be used as an adjunct in the detection of beeswax adulterations.
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Jung, Jewon. "Metabolomic Studies in Apis mellifera." Journal of Apiculture 38, no. 2 (June 30, 2023): 151–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.17519/apiculture.2023.06.38.2.151.

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Ilyasov, R. A., A. V. Poskryakov, A. V. Petukhov, and A. G. Nikolenko. "New approach to the mitotype classification in black honeybee Apis mellifera mellifera and Iberian honeybee Apis mellifera iberiensis." Russian Journal of Genetics 52, no. 3 (March 2016): 281–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1022795416020058.

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