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Journal articles on the topic 'Aphasia – Case studies'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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1

E, Schultz, Churchill R, and Malina A. "A-174 Language Impairments Following Subcortical Infarct: An Aphasia Case Study." Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 35, no. 6 (August 28, 2020): 968. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acaa068.174.

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Abstract Objective Subcortical aphasia associated with internal capsule and adjacent structure lesions often involve impaired naming, grammatical but slow dysarthric speech, impaired syntactic comprehension, repetition impairments, and apraxia. Furthermore, neuropsychiatric disturbances, such as diminished motivation and emotional dysregulation are additionally expected given connections to frontal lobe circuits. Overall, the type and severity of aphasia varies following subcortical stroke and the pattern of symptoms associated with subcortical aphasia have not been fully explored. Method The present case is a 34-year-old right-handed African-American female who sustained an acute infarct involving the left splenium, thalamus, and internal capsule, who was evaluated at bedside. Results Upon initial exam, the patient was aphasic, exhibiting difficulties with expression, fluctuating comprehension and frequent paraphasic errors. Repetition and single-step command following were impaired and apraxia was evident. She demonstrated poor insight and awareness into her current deficits. She additionally demonstrated low motivation and mild emotional dysregulation with heightened anxiety and depression. During recovery she demonstrated improved comprehension, verbal output, and reduced emotionality. Conclusions Consistent with previous studies, this case demonstrates the extreme variability of subcortical lesions in their aphasic manifestations and may suggest that subcortical aphasias are generally milder than that of cortical aphasias with generally faster symptom recovery.
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2

Beach, Paul A., Monica B. Dhakar, and Carlos S. Kase. "Sudden Onset Fluent Aphasia: Stroke or Seizure?" Neurohospitalist 10, no. 2 (July 28, 2019): 121–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1941874419864757.

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Conventional understanding of acute onset language deficits indicates that fluent aphasias are due to perisylvian lesions in the dominant hemisphere, most often in the setting of acute stroke. Case studies and retrospective analyses, however, suggest the need to keep ictal phenomena as an alternative diagnostic possibility. The following case illustrates an epileptic mechanism of sudden onset fluent aphasia mimicking an acute stroke presentation. We utilize the case to illustrate means by which to differentiate stroke versus ictal etiology by way of electroencephalography/response to antiseizure drugs as well as perfusion/diffusion imaging. We review the literature case reports to demonstrate that isolated fluent aphasia typically localizes to left-hemispheric, temporal foci. Finally, we provide a brief synthesis of potential neurologic mechanisms by which left temporal lesions may cause fluent aphasia.
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3

Lees, Janet A., and Brian G. R. Neville. "Acquired aphasia in childhood: Case studies of five children." Aphasiology 4, no. 5 (September 1990): 463–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02687039008248787.

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4

Semenza, Carlo, Luisa Girelli, Martin Spacal, Jan Kobal, and Anton Mesec. "Derivation by Prefixation in Slovenian: Two Aphasia Case Studies." Brain and Language 81, no. 1-3 (April 2002): 242–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/brln.2001.2521.

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5

Boccato, Diana Michaela Amaral. "Aphasia in the context of the pandemic: language activities developed by Zoom and Whatsapp." Signo 47, no. 88 (January 3, 2022): 3–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17058/signo.v47i88.17370.

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Abstract: Taking into account the difficulties faced by aphasic subjects in the utterances production and comprehension, both oral and written, this study aims at discussing the continuous work positive impacts, using Zoom and WhatsApp, during the pandemic period, while developing language activities with GB, a young aphasic woman, who attends the Center for Aphasic Individuals (Institute of Language Studies from the State University of Campinas, Unicamp). The longitudinal study is supported by an ongoing doctoral research, developed by the Group of Language Studies on Aging and Pathologies. The present article follows the theoretical-methodological principles based on enunciative-discursive neurolinguistics (Coudry, 1986, 1988) with focus on qualitative research and case studies. Based also on Luria’s (1981, 1986) and Vygotsky’s (2000 [1984]) neuropsychology, the brain is understood as a system that operates from the joint and integrated activity of functional units, emphasizing the social relations mediated by culturally developed symbols. In addition, Bakhtinian categories (Novaes-Pinto, 1999) allow us to analyze the dialogic processes, considering language production effective contexts, in order to understand the neurological damage impact on linguistic-cognitive functioning. For this, we bring some clippings of virtual interactions between the researcher (Idb) and GB, emphasizing the epi- and metalinguistic work that constitute discursive reorganization processes developed. By providing different features, the digital tools bring new possibilities for creating meaningful alternative strategies, generating a fundamental network that brings benefits to aphasics, while becoming an object of interest for research in several areas. Keywords: Aphasias; neurolinguistics; reading; writing; epilinguistics
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6

Auclair-Ouellet, Noémie, Pauline Pythoud, Monica Koenig-Bruhin, and Marion Fossard. "Inflectional Morphology in Fluent Aphasia: A Case Study in a Highly Inflected Language." Language and Speech 62, no. 2 (March 26, 2018): 250–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0023830918765897.

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Inflectional morphology difficulties are typically reported in non-fluent aphasia with agrammatism, but a growing number of studies show that they can also be present in fluent aphasia. In agrammatism, morphological difficulties are conceived as the consequence of impaired phonological encoding and would affect regular verbs more than irregular verbs. However, studies show that inflectional morphology difficulties concern both regular and irregular verbs, and that their origin could be more conceptual/semantic in nature. Additionally, studies report more pronounced impairments for the processing of the past tense compared to other tenses. The goal of this study was to characterize the impairment of inflectional morphology in fluent aphasia. RY, a 69-year-old man with chronic fluent aphasia completed a short neuropsychological and language battery and three experimental tasks of inflectional morphology. The tasks assessed the capacity to select the correct inflected form of a verb based on time information, to access the time information included in an inflectional morpheme, and to produce verbs with tense inflection. His performance was compared to a group of five adults without language impairments. Results showed that RY had difficulties selecting the correct inflected form of a verb, accessing time information transmitted by inflectional morphemes, and producing inflected verbs. His difficulties affected both regular and irregular verbs, and verbs in the present, past, and future tenses. The performance also shows the influence of processing limitations over the production and comprehension of inflectional morphology. More studies of inflectional morphology in fluent aphasia are needed to understand the origin of difficulties.
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7

Kim, Ju-Yeon, Won Kee Chang, and Won-Seok Kim. "Crossed Aphasia after Intracranial Hematoma in the Right Temporoparietal Lobe: A Case Report." Communication Sciences & Disorders 26, no. 4 (December 31, 2021): 874–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.12963/csd.21851.

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Purpose: Aphasia in a dextral after right hemisphere injury is called crossed aphasia (CA). We are reporting a first case of transformation of motor aphasia to conduction aphasia after right hemisphere intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) associated with arteriovenous malformation (AVM) with literature reviews.Methods: A case of a man in his 30s with CA following right hemisphere ICH in the temporal-parietal lobe associated with AVM was reviewed. We analyzed his brain images, initial linguistic characteristics, and changes in aphasia for 8 weeks of follow-up.Results: The initial Paradise Korean Western Aphasia Battery Revised (PK-WAB-R) was evaluated as aphasia quotient (AQ) 72, 64%ile; post evaluation was evaluated AQ 95, 98.9%ile after 8 weeks. The post-test repetition score was the patient score range, which can be attributed to impairment in phonological short-term memory. The patient is diagnosed anomalous CA based on Alexander et al., and we could predict that the language ability originates from both hemispheres based on Nagaraja et al. Considering the appearance of Gerstmann syndrome at the beginning of the onset, we could expect that the function of the dominant parietal lobe is partially crossed as well.Conclusion: Changes in aphasia were reported throughout the initial stage to the end of speech therapy. It is also important to note that literature review of Korean studies was analyzed in this study. It will be necessary to conduct a cognitive test in the early stage of onset to understand the language problems of crossed conduction aphasia to know the characteristics of the cognitive process.
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8

Nedergaard, Johanne S. K., Silvia Martínez-Ferreiro, Michael D. Fortescue, and Kasper Boye. "Non-fluent aphasia in a polysynthetic language: five case studies." Aphasiology 34, no. 6 (July 29, 2019): 675–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02687038.2019.1643000.

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9

HILLIS, ARGYE E. "Treatment of naming disorders: New issues regarding old therapies." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 4, no. 6 (November 1998): 648–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s135561779846613x.

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I report a series of single case studies involving an aphasic patient, H.G., which illustrates both the usefulness and the limitations of cognitive neuropsychological models and methods in aphasia rehabilitation. The first set of experiments analyze H.G.'s pattern of performance across lexical tasks in order to identify the loci of her damage to the cognitive mechanisms underlying the tasks of naming, comprehension, repetition, reading, and spelling. The second set of studies evaluates her response to two different types of treatment and identifies a few of the variables that influence the effectiveness of treatment. (JINS, 1998, 4, 648–660.)
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10

Oliveira, Silmara A. V. de, Maria Júlia M. de O. Castro, and Paulo Rogério M. Bittencourt. "Slowly progressive aphasia followed by Alzheimer' s dementia: a case report." Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 47, no. 1 (March 1989): 72–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-282x1989000100009.

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Slowly progressive aphasia has been found in 8 published cases, 2 of whom progressed over a period of years to generalized dementia. Positron emission tomography demonstrated decreased glucose metabolism in the left perisylvian region in 2 cases. We describe a patient who had slowly progressive aphasia and developed generalized Alzheimer's dementia 7 years after presentation. There was no clinical or laboratory evidence of concomitant disease. Computerized tomography showed generalized atrophy more marked on the left perisylvian region late in the disease, when EEG showed generalized slowing more marked on the same area. Slowly progressive aphasia of old age should be considered a separate entity until further studies elucidate its relation to Alzheimer's dementia.
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11

Legg, Carol, and Claire Penn. "The Relevance of Context in Understanding the Lived Experience of Aphasia: Lessons from South Africa." Perspectives on Global Issues in Communication Sciences and Related Disorders 4, no. 1 (May 2014): 4–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/gics4.1.4.

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Purpose: In this paper we describe a study of aphasia in a unique sociocultural context, to show the value of the anthropological perspective for the clinician faced with a diverse caseload. Methods: We present findings of an anthropological study of the experience of aphasia for adults living in Khayelitsha, a township on the outskirts of Cape Town, where the isiXhosa speaking residents live in conditions of poverty and where health and social resources are either lacking or in disarray (Legg, 2010). The study involved three years of intermittent fieldwork that included in-depth case studies of five adults living with aphasia in Khayelitsha and sustained contact with a number of healthcare and community institutions. Results: Interpretations and experiences of aphasia assumed a wider significance than communication disorder and were, essentially, a window onto the sociocultural and economic struggles that beset the lives of our participants. These struggles had profound influences on experiences of aphasia and responses to treatment. Conclusions: Understanding the unique contextual influences on experiences of aphasia will place the aphasia clinician in a more potent position to develop relevant interventions.
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12

Tsapkini, Kyrana, and Argye E. Hillis. "Spelling Intervention in Post-Stroke Aphasia and Primary Progressive Aphasia." Behavioural Neurology 26, no. 1-2 (2013): 55–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/847509.

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Spelling–a core language skill–is commonly affected in neurological diseases such as stroke and Primary Progressive Aphasia (PPA). We present two case studies of the same spelling therapy (learning of phoneme-to-grapheme correspondences with help from key words) in two participants: one who had a stroke and one with PPA (logopenic variant). Our study highlights similarities and differences in the time course of each indivdual's therapy. The study evaluates the effectiveness and generalization of treatment in each case, i.e. whether the treatment affected the trained items and/or untrained items, and whether or not the treatment gains were maintained after the end of therapy. Both participants were able to learn associations between phonemes and graphemes as well as between phonemes and words. Reliable generalization to untrained words was shown only for the participant with post-stroke aphasia, but we were not able to test generalization to untrained words in the individual with PPA. The same spelling therapy followed a different time course in each case. The participant with post-stroke aphasia showed a lasting effect of improved spelling, but we were unable to assess maintenance of improvement in the participant with PPA. We discuss these differences in light of the underlying nature of each disease.
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13

Uri, Helene. "Roman Jakobson's aphasia model—empirical evidence from four Norwegian case studies." Scandinavian Journal of Logopedics and Phoniatrics 17, no. 3-4 (January 1992): 137–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14015439209098731.

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14

Tuomiranta, Leena, Petra Grönholm-Nyman, Francine Kohen, Nadine Martin, and Matti Laine. "Learning and Maintaining New Vocabulary in Aphasia: Two Controlled Case Studies." Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 6 (2010): 225–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2010.08.113.

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15

Georgiou, Anastasios, Nikos Konstantinou, Ioannis Phinikettos, and Maria Kambanaros. "Neuronavigated theta burst stimulation for chronic aphasia: two exploratory case studies." Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics 33, no. 6 (January 24, 2019): 532–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02699206.2018.1562496.

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16

Ulatowska, Hanna, Tricia Olea Santos, and Carla Krishan Cuadro. "Cultural Considerations to the Life Participation Approach in Aphasia:A Filipino Case Study." Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2021): 934. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.3378.

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Abstract Stroke is among the common causes of chronic disability (Feigin, 2014). Around one-third of stroke survivors are affected by aphasia, a communication disorder affecting the ability to comprehend and express oneself (Dickey, et. al., 2010). Culture is essential to understanding aphasia and providing person-centered care. Philippine cultural identity is reflected via respect for older persons, collectivism in family and community, and devotion to religion (Pe Pua & Protacio-Marcelino, 2000). The Filipino family is a primary support system, and cultural values directly influence caregiving approaches in chronic disability. This single case study examines the life of a Filipino man who has successfully lived with aphasia for over 25 years. Having finished a doctorate from Harvard University, served as the youngest University president, and member of the Philippine government, he suddenly had a stroke and was able to communicate only via single words, gestures, and facial expressions. His life is discussed in the context of the unique, multi-modal communication system which developed through the years with his family. Music and symbolism via watercolor paintings also define his aphasia journey. The value of religion in Filipino culture (Cruz, et. al., 2019) and its role in fostering positivity in his aphasia journey is examined. This study also highlights Filipino collectivism through the support of family and community in addressing communication needs and facilitating meaningful relationships at various stages in life. Cultural values deeply rooted in Filipino caregiving, such as debt of gratitude and filial devotion to parents (Enriquez, 1992), are discussed.
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17

Ogar, Jennifer M. "Primary Progressive Aphasia and Its Three Variants." Perspectives on Neurophysiology and Neurogenic Speech and Language Disorders 20, no. 1 (April 2010): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/nnsld20.1.5.

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Abstract Speech-language pathologists are increasingly treating patients with progressive disorders, including primary progressive aphasia (PPA). For many years, two variants of PPA were recognized: a nonfluent type—progressive nonfluent aphasia (PNFA)—and a fluent form—semantic dementia (SD). In 2004, a third variant—logopenic progressive aphasia (LPA)—was described. This article will review clinical symptoms, neuroimaging correlates, and the neuropathologies that are typically associated with PNFA, SD, and LPA. Case studies are included to further illustrate the characteristics of each of these three PPA variants.
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18

Dickerson, Bradford C., Scott M. McGinnis, Chenjie Xia, Bruce H. Price, Alireza Atri, Melissa E. Murray, Mario F. Mendez, and David A. Wolk. "Approach to atypical Alzheimer’s disease and case studies of the major subtypes." CNS Spectrums 22, no. 6 (February 15, 2017): 439–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s109285291600047x.

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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has long been recognized as a heterogeneous illness, with a common clinical presentation of progressive amnesia and less common “atypical” clinical presentations, including syndromes dominated by visual, aphasic, “frontal,” or apraxic symptoms. Our knowledge of atypical clinical phenotypes of AD comes from clinicopathologic studies, but with the growing use of in vivo molecular biomarkers of amyloid and tau pathology, we are beginning to recognize that these syndromes may not be as rare as once thought. When a clinician is evaluating a patient whose clinical phenotype is dominated by progressive aphasia, complex visual impairment, or other neuropsychiatric symptoms with relative sparing of memory, the differential diagnosis may be broader and a confident diagnosis of an atypical form of AD may require the use of molecular biomarkers. Despite the evolving sophistication in our diagnostic tools, and the acknowledgment of atypical AD syndromes in the 2011 revised diagnostic criteria for AD, the assessment of such patients still poses substantial challenges. We use a case-based approach to review the clinical and imaging phenotypes of a series of patients with typical and atypical AD, and discuss our current approach to their evaluation. One day, we hope that regardless of whether a patient exhibits typical or atypical symptoms of AD pathology, we will be able to identify the condition at a prodromal phase and institute a combination of symptomatic and disease-modifying therapies to support cognitive processes, function, and behavior, and slow or halt progression to dementia.
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19

Archer, Brent, Jamie H. Azios, Nicole Müller, and Lauren Macatangay. "Effect Sizes in Single-Case Aphasia Studies: A Comparative, Autocorrelation-Oriented Analysis." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 62, no. 7 (July 15, 2019): 2473–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2019_jslhr-l-18-0186.

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20

Knoph, M. "Intervention and Cross-language Transfer in Bilingual Aphasia – Two Single Case Studies." Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 94 (October 2013): 26–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.09.010.

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21

Merrett, Dawn L., Chris Tailby, Graeme D. Jackson, and Sarah J. Wilson. "Perspectives from case studies in obtaining evidence for music interventions in aphasia." Aphasiology 33, no. 4 (January 21, 2018): 429–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02687038.2018.1428729.

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22

Caraballo H., Alejandro J. "Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in Venezuela a case report." Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 49, no. 2 (June 1991): 218–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-282x1991000200019.

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A case of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) in a 32 year old man is presented. The clinical picture included a rapid progressive dementia associated with ataxia, global aphasia, myoclonus and pyramidal signs, death ocurred after 13 months. The diagnosis of CJD was confirmed by CT and neuropathological studies. This is the first report of CJD occurring in Venezuela.
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23

Boles, Larry. "Neurogenic Language Case Studies: Conducting Conversation: A Case Study Using the Spouse in Aphasia Treatment." Perspectives on Neurophysiology and Neurogenic Speech and Language Disorders 8, no. 3 (September 1998): 24–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/nnsld8.3.24.

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24

Piccolo, Adriana, Francesco Corallo, Davide Cardile, Michele Torrisi, Chiara Smorto, Simona Cammaroto, and Viviana Lo Buono. "Music Therapy in Global Aphasia: A case Report." Medicines 10, no. 2 (January 23, 2023): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicines10020016.

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Patients affected by global aphasia are no longer able to understand, produce, name objects, write and read. It occurs as a result of functional damage of ischemic or hemorrhagic origin affecting the entire peri-silvan region and frontal operculum. Rehabilitation training aims to promote an early intervention in the acute phase. We described a case of a 57-year-old female patient with left intraparenchymal fronto-temporo-parietal cerebral hemorrhage and right hemiplegia. After admission to clinical rehabilitative center, the patient was not able to perform simple orders and she presented a severe impairment of auditory and written comprehension. Eloquence was characterized by stereotypical emission of monosyllabic sounds and showed compromised praxis-constructive abilities. Rehabilitation included a program of Neurologic Music Therapy (NMT), specifically Symbolic Communication Training Through Music (SYCOM) and Musical Speech Stimulation (MUSTIM). Rehabilitative treatment was measured by improved cognitive and language performance of the patient from T0 to T1. Music rehabilitative interventions and continuous speech therapy improve visual attention and communicative intentionality. In order to confirm the effectiveness of data presented, further extensive studies of the sample would be necessary, to assess the real role of music therapy in post-stroke global aphasia.
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25

Cress, Cynthia, and Julia King. "AAC strategies for people with primary progressive aphasia without dementia: two case studies." Augmentative and Alternative Communication 15, no. 4 (January 1999): 248–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07434619912331278785.

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26

Basso, Anna, Maurizia Gardelli, Maria Pia Grassi, and Marita Mariotti. "The Role of the Right Hemisphere in Recovery from Aphasia. Two Case Studies." Cortex 25, no. 4 (December 1989): 555–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0010-9452(89)80017-6.

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27

Stanczak, Louise, Gloria Waters, and David Caplan. "Typicality‐based learning and generalisation in aphasia: Two case studies of anomia treatment." Aphasiology 20, no. 2-4 (February 2006): 374–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02687030600587631.

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28

Tuomiranta, Leena, Petra Grönholm-Nyman, Francine Kohen, Pirkko Rautakoski, Matti Laine, and Nadine Martin. "Learning and maintaining new vocabulary in persons with aphasia: Two controlled case studies." Aphasiology 25, no. 9 (August 12, 2011): 1030–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02687038.2011.571384.

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29

Johnson, Melissa A., Heather Coles, Laurie Keough, Betsey King, and Melissa Reed. "Co-Delivered Integrative Music and Language Therapy: Positive Outcomes Through Music Therapy and Speech-Language Pathology Collaboration." Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups 4, no. 2 (April 15, 2019): 261–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2019_pers-sig2-2018-0006.

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Purpose Persons with aphasia can sometimes retain the ability to sing, and several studies have shown the effectiveness of using music to improve speech and language output. The purposes of this article were to discuss the theoretical principles and observed speech-language outcomes of a co-delivered integrative music and language therapy (CIMaLT) methodology for adults with chronic aphasia in a college-based clinic, to describe the interprofessional clinical education model used at the clinic, and to present a case example of CIMaLT implementation. Conclusion CIMaLT is an effective and feasible methodology to implement interprofessional education and practice in a college-based clinic. Additionally, it results in meaningful change in speech and language for some clients with aphasia and apraxia. Additional research is needed to further explore its outcomes for students and persons with aphasia and other neurogenic communication impairments at various stages of recovery. Plain Language Summary Persons with aphasia can sometimes retain the ability to sing, which can help improve speech and language function. Music and speech-language pathology students from our college-based clinic work together to provide treatment for persons with aphasia. This results in improvements in both student learning and client speech and language. This article describes the theory approach, and client and student outcomes of this treatment.
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Li, Boxuan, Shizhe Deng, Bomo Sang, Weiming Zhu, Bifang Zhuo, Menglong Zhang, Chenyang Qin, Yuanhao Lyu, Yuzheng Du, and Zhihong Meng. "Revealing the Neuroimaging Mechanism of Acupuncture for Poststroke Aphasia: A Systematic Review." Neural Plasticity 2022 (April 21, 2022): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5635596.

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Background. Aphasia is a common symptom in stroke patients, presenting with the impairment of spontaneous speech, repetition, naming, auditory comprehension, reading, and writing function. Multiple rehabilitation methods have been suggested for the recovery of poststroke aphasia, including medication treatment, behavioral therapy, and stimulation approach. Acupuncture has been proven to have a beneficial effect on improving speech functions in repetition, oral speech, reading, comprehension, and writing ability. Neuroimaging technology provides a visualized way to explore cerebral neural activity, which helps reveal the therapeutic effect of acupuncture therapy. In this systematic review, we aim to reveal and summarize the neuroimaging mechanism of acupuncture therapy on poststroke aphasia to provide the foundation for further study. Methods. Seven electronic databases were searched including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, the Wanfang databases, and the Chinese Scientific Journal Database. After screening the studies according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, we summarized the neuroimaging mechanism of acupuncture on poststroke aphasia, as well as the utilization of acupuncture therapy and the methodological characteristics. Result. After searching, 885 articles were retrieved. After removing the literature studies, animal studies, and case reports, 16 studies were included in the final analysis. For the acupuncture type, 10 studies used manual acupuncture and 5 studies used electroacupuncture, while body acupuncture (10 studies), scalp acupuncture (7 studies), and tongue acupuncture (8 studies) were applied for poststroke aphasia patients. Based on blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) technologies, 4 neuroimaging analysis methods were used including amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF), regional homogeneity (ReHo), seed-based analysis, and independent component analysis (ICA). Two studies reported the instant acupuncture effect, and 14 studies reported the constant acupuncture’s effect on poststroke aphasia patients. 5 studies analyzed the correlation between the neuroimaging outcomes and the clinical language scales. Conclusion. In this systematic review, we found that the mechanism of acupuncture’s effect might be associated with the activation and functional connectivity of language-related brain areas, such as brain areas around Broca’s area and Wernicke’s area in the left inferior temporal gyrus, supramarginal gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, and inferior frontal gyrus. However, these studies were still in the preliminary stage. Multicenter randomized controlled trials (RCT) with large sample sizes were needed to verify current evidence, as well as to explore deeply the neuroimaging mechanisms of acupuncture’s effects.
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Denes, Gianfranco, Cristina Mantovan, Emilia Ferruzza, Carlo P. Trevisan, and Antonia Gallo. "Reversible Aphasia in Adolescence: A Late-Onset form of Landau Kleffner Syndrome? Report of a Single Case." Behavioural Neurology 10, no. 1 (1997): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1997/436526.

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An adolescent boy developed a long-lasting pattern of global aphasia, concomitant to focal (left temporal) EEG abnormalities; this was followed by complete recovery. Laboratory and neuroimaging studies were within normal limits. The possibility of a late-onset Landau Kleffner syndrome is discussed.
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32

Fox, Lynn E. "AAC Collaboration Using the Self-Anchored Rating Scales (SARS): An Aphasia Case Study." Perspectives on Augmentative and Alternative Communication 21, no. 4 (December 2012): 136–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/aac21.4.136.

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Abstract The self-anchored rating scale (SARS) is a technique that augments collaboration between Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) interventionists, their clients, and their clients' support networks. SARS is a technique used in Solution-Focused Brief Therapy, a branch of systemic family counseling. It has been applied to treating speech and language disorders across the life span, and recent case studies show it has promise for promoting adoption and long-term use of high and low tech AAC. I will describe 2 key principles of solution-focused therapy and present 7 steps in the SARS process that illustrate how clinicians can use the SARS to involve a person with aphasia and his or her family in all aspects of the therapeutic process. I will use a case study to illustrate the SARS process and present outcomes for one individual living with aphasia.
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Knollman-Porter, Kelly, Aimee Dietz, and Kelly Dahlem. "Intensive Auditory Comprehension Treatment for Severe Aphasia: A Feasibility Study." American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 27, no. 3 (August 6, 2018): 936–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2018_ajslp-17-0117.

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BackgroundSevere auditory comprehension impairments secondary to aphasia can adversely influence rehabilitative outcomes and quality of life. Studies examining intensive rehabilitative treatments for severe single-word auditory comprehension impairments are needed.ObjectivesOur purpose was to examine the feasibility and influence of a high-intensity word–picture verification treatment on high-frequency, word response accuracy. Research questions: (a) Can people with severe aphasia tolerate an intensive comprehension treatment? (b) Does an intensive intervention increase auditory comprehension response accuracy of spoken high-frequency words?MethodThis single-case ABA design study included 2 participants with chronic, severe auditory comprehension deficits secondary to stroke. A high-frequency, word–picture verification treatment was administered 2 hr/day, 5 days/week for 4 weeks and required participants to match the spoken word of the examiner to a picture representing an object.ResultsPreliminary results suggest that some people with severe chronic aphasia can tolerate an intensive auditory comprehension treatment and demonstrate improvements in high-frequency, word-level response accuracy with large effect sizes suggesting generalization to untrained stimuli.ConclusionsAn intensive auditory comprehension treatment protocol can contribute to improvements in response accuracy for some people with severe aphasia. Larger sample size studies are needed to further examine the influence of intensity on improvements in auditory comprehension.
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Ayyash, Ali M., Muhannad Kurtom, Charlie Ervin, Mark Irwin, and Rahul Sampath. "266. A Rare Case of Human Herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) Encephalitis in an Immunocompetent Host." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 8, Supplement_1 (November 1, 2021): S239. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofab466.468.

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Abstract Background Human Herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) seroprevalence rates in the United States range from 72-95%, but clinical illness in the adult population is extremely rare, which often presents as meningoencephalitis in immunocompromised hosts. The literature on HHV-6 encephalitis in immunocompetent adults is limited to a select number of case reports, ultimately providing scant treatment guidance for clinicians. Methods This is a unique case describing the clinical course of confirmed HHV-6 encephalitis in an immunocompetent host. Results The patient is a 77-year-old immunocompetent female presenting with two days of global aphasia and increased muscle tone. She presented hypertensive with a leukocytosis. Work-up for acute stroke was unremarkable, but lumbar puncture revealed an elevated white blood cell (WBC) count of 39 leukocytes/mm3 with a lymphocytic predominance. BioFire FilmArray® Meningitis/Encephalitis panel (FAME) demonstrated positivity for HHV-6 with a viral load of 8,500 copies/mL in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and 4.1 million copies/mL in serum. The patient experienced temporary improvement in her aphasia after being initiated on intravenous (IV) ganciclovir for 12 days. Shortly after the initiation of therapy, her aphasia worsened with repeat CSF studies demonstrating an increased viral load to 35,700 copies/mL. She was subsequently transitioned to IV foscarnet for HHV-6B coverage and discharged after completing 21 days of therapy with marked improvement in her symptoms. Two weeks later, the patient was readmitted for recurrence of aphasia. MRI brain at that time was unremarkable with repeat lumbar puncture demonstrating a WBC count of 8 with 113 copies/mL of HHV-6. Serum levels were also elevated to 4.7 million c/mL. The patient was restarted on foscarnet but continued to deteriorate clinically. She ultimately experienced multiple seizure-like episodes resulting in a noncommunicative, somnolent state. She was transitioned to hospice care and passed away 2 days after discharge. Conclusion Despite the use of recommended medical therapies, the mortality and clinical progression of HHV-6 in immunocompetent adults is still unpredictable. Further studies are needed in this population to provide guidance for clinicians. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures
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Camsari, Gamze Balci, Melissa E. Murray, and Neill R. Graff-Radford. "Case Studies Illustrating Focal Alzheimer’s, Fluent Aphasia, Late-Onset Memory Loss, and Rapid Dementia." Neurologic Clinics 34, no. 3 (August 2016): 699–716. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ncl.2016.04.008.

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Vuković, Mile, Ana Kovač, and Željana Sukur. "Grammatical deficits of Serbian speakers with Broca's aphasia: A preliminary investigation." Specijalna edukacija i rehabilitacija 19, no. 4 (2020): 247–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/specedreh19-30149.

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Introduction. Studies of language deficits in patients with Broca's aphasia have highlighted agrammatism as a major feature. As the nature of this language deficit is still unknown, further data collection according to the specifics of the particular language is of great importance. Objective. In this paper, we wanted to determine grammatical deficits in Serbian speakers with aphasia. Methods. Using Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination, we determined Broca's aphasia on a sample of 20 subjects, aged 47-70. Speech samples were obtained through two tasks: conversation and picture description. The analysis of samples involved determining the type and subtype of all words and their forms; determining the total number and types of clauses, as well as their functions in a given discourse. Also, the argument structure of the verb was identified. The primary and secondary sentence constituents were determined. Results. The results showed that nouns and full verbs dominate in the speech of patients with Broca's aphasia. Nouns are most often used in the nominative case, and verbs in the present tense. The ability to use verbs is related to the complexity of their argument structure. Speech is dominated by short utterances whose full meaning is often difficult to determine. Conclusion. Our data show that almost all patients with Broca's aphasia exhibit grammatical deficits. The general signs of agrammatism are similar to the signs described in other languages. We single out the difficulties in the use of critics as a prominent characteristic of agrammatism in our respondents.
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Haley, Katarina L., Kevin T. Cunningham, Jennifer Barry, and Michael de Riesthal. "Collaborative Goals for Communicative Life Participation in Aphasia: The FOURC Model." American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 28, no. 1 (February 21, 2019): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2018_ajslp-18-0163.

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Purpose Collaborative goal setting is at the heart of person-centered rehabilitation but can be challenging, particularly in the area of aphasia. The purpose of this clinical focus article is to present a step-by-step model for forming a collaborative partnership with clients to develop an intervention plan that follows the client's lead, addresses communicative participation, and integrates multiple treatment strategies. Method We introduce the rationale and core features of a 4-step and 4-pronged process (the FOURC model) and illustrate its application through 3 cases of people with aphasia who were treated in outpatient rehabilitation. Conclusions The model invites client initiative in a clinically feasible manner while supporting the clinician's role in guiding the intervention based on professional expertise and growing familiarity with the case. Outcomes observed in case studies include strengthened motivation and improved real-life communication.
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Silagi, Marcela Lima, Fernanda Naito Hirata, and Lúcia Iracema Zanotto de Mendonça. "Sentence production in rehabilitation of agrammatism: A case study." Dementia & Neuropsychologia 8, no. 3 (September 2014): 297–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1980-57642014dn83000015.

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Agrammatism is characterized by morphosyntactic deficits in production of sentences. Studies dealing with the treatment of these deficits are scarce and their results controversial. The present study describes the rehabilitation of a case diagnosed as chronic Broca's aphasia, with agrammatism, using a method directed to sentence structural deficits. The method aims to expand the grammatical repertoire by training production of sentences with support from contexts that stimulate actions and dialogues. The patient showed positive results on all types of sentences trained and generalized the gains to spontaneous speech. However, these benefits were not sustained in the long term.
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De Vreese, Luc P. "Category-Specific Versus Modality-Specific Aphasia for Colours: A Review of the Pioneer Case Studies." International Journal of Neuroscience 43, no. 3-4 (January 1988): 195–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00207458808986170.

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Matsuda, Minoru. "40 years of interlocution with aphasic or demented patients : case studies of recurring utterance in aphasia and jargon-like speech in dementia." Higher Brain Function Research 40, no. 2 (June 30, 2020): 131–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2496/hbfr.40.131.

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Noonan, Krist A., Elizabeth Jefferies, Maya Visser, and Matthew A. Lambon Ralph. "Going beyond Inferior Prefrontal Involvement in Semantic Control: Evidence for the Additional Contribution of Dorsal Angular Gyrus and Posterior Middle Temporal Cortex." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 25, no. 11 (November 2013): 1824–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00442.

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Semantic cognition requires a combination of semantic representations and executive control processes to direct activation in a task- and time-appropriate fashion [Jefferies, E., & Lambon Ralph, M. A. Semantic impairment in stroke aphasia versus semantic dementia: A case-series comparison. Brain, 129, 2132–2147, 2006]. We undertook a formal meta-analysis to investigate which regions within the large-scale semantic network are specifically associated with the executive component of semantic cognition. Previous studies have described in detail the role of left ventral pFC in semantic regulation. We examined 53 studies that contrasted semantic tasks with high > low executive requirements to determine whether cortical regions beyond the left pFC show the same response profile to executive semantic demands. Our findings revealed that right pFC, posterior middle temporal gyrus (pMTG) and dorsal angular gyrus (bordering intraparietal sulcus) were also consistently recruited by executively demanding semantic tasks, demonstrating patterns of activation that were highly similar to the left ventral pFC. These regions overlap with the lesions in aphasic patients who exhibit multimodal semantic impairment because of impaired regulatory control (semantic aphasia)—providing important convergence between functional neuroimaging and neuropsychological studies of semantic cognition. Activation in dorsal angular gyrus and left ventral pFC was consistent across all types of executive semantic manipulation, regardless of whether the task was receptive or expressive, whereas pMTG activation was only observed for manipulation of control demands within receptive tasks. Second, we contrasted executively demanding tasks tapping semantics and phonology. Our findings revealed substantial overlap between the two sets of contrasts within left ventral pFC, suggesting this region underpins domain-general control mechanisms. In contrast, we observed relative specialization for semantic control within pMTG as well as the most ventral aspects of left pFC (BA 47), consistent with our proposal of a distributed network underpinning semantic control.
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Jianu, Dragoș Cătălin, Silviana Nina Jianu, Traian Flavius Dan, Nicoleta Iacob, Georgiana Munteanu, Andrei Gheorghe Marius Motoc, Adelina Băloi, et al. "Diagnosis and Management of Mixed Transcortical Aphasia Due to Multiple Predisposing Factors, including Postpartum and Severe Inherited Thrombophilia, Affecting Multiple Cerebral Venous and Dural Sinus Thrombosis: Case Report and Literature Review." Diagnostics 11, no. 8 (August 6, 2021): 1425. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11081425.

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Cerebral venous and dural sinus thrombosis (CVT) is an uncommon disease in the general population, although it is a significant stroke type throughout pregnancy and the puerperium. Studies describing this subtype of CVT are limited. Most pregnancy-associated CVT happen in late pregnancy, or more commonly in the first postpartum weeks, being associated with venous thrombosis outside the nervous system. Case presentation: The current study describes a case of multiple CVT in a 38-year-old woman with multiple risk factors (including severe inherited thrombophilia and being in the puerperium period), presenting mixed transcortical aphasia (a rare type of aphasia) associated with right moderate hemiparesis and intracranial hypertension. The clinical diagnosis of CVT was confirmed by laboratory data and neuroimaging data from head computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and magnetic resonance venography. She was successfully treated with low-molecular-weight heparin (anticoagulation) and osmotic diuretics (mannitol) for increased intracranial pressure and cerebral edema. At discharge, after 15 days of evolution, she presented a partial recovery, with anomic plus aphasia and mild right hemiparesis. Clinical and imaging follow-up was performed at 6 months after discharge; our patient presented normal language and mild right central facial paresis, with chronic left thalamic, caudate nucleus, and internal capsule infarcts and a partial recanalization of the dural sinuses.
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Ansaldo, Ana Inés, and Martin Arguin. "The recovery from aphasia depends on both the left and right hemispheres: Three longitudinal case studies of the dynamics of language function after aphasia." Brain and Language 87, no. 1 (October 2003): 177–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0093-934x(03)00258-x.

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Marangolo, Paola, Valentina Fiori, Carlo Caltagirone, Francesca Pisano, and Alberto Priori. "Transcranial Cerebellar Direct Current Stimulation Enhances Verb Generation but Not Verb Naming in Poststroke Aphasia." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 30, no. 2 (February 2018): 188–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_01201.

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Although the role of the cerebellum in motor function is well recognized, its involvement in the lexical domain remains to be further elucidated. Indeed, it has not yet been clarified whether the cerebellum is a language structure per se or whether it contributes to language processing when other cognitive components (e.g., cognitive effort, working memory) are required by the language task. Neuromodulation studies on healthy participants have suggested that cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a valuable tool to modulate cognitive functions. However, so far, only a single case study has investigated whether cerebellar stimulation enhances language recovery in aphasic individuals. In a randomized, crossover, double-blind design, we explored the effect of cerebellar tDCS coupled with language treatment for verb improvement in 12 aphasic individuals. Each participant received cerebellar tDCS (20 min, 2 mA) in four experimental conditions: (1) right cathodal and (2) sham stimulation during a verb generation task and (3) right cathodal and (4) sham stimulation during a verb naming task. Each experimental condition was run in five consecutive daily sessions over 4 weeks. At the end of treatment, a significant improvement was found after cathodal stimulation only in the verb generation task. No significant differences were present for verb naming among the two conditions. We hypothesize that cerebellar tDCS is a viable tool for recovery from aphasia but only when the language task, such as verb generation, also demands the activation of nonlinguistic strategies.
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Othero, Marilia Bense, and Juraci Aparecida Rocha. "Palliative care and locked-in syndrome: Brazilian case report." Hospice & Palliative Medicine International Journal 5, no. 2 (October 27, 2022): 334–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/hpmij.2022.05.00205.

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The Locked-in syndrome (LIS) is characterized by tetraplegia, aphasia and preservation of the level of consciousness, and it´s associated with a poor prognosis. The palliative approach to these patients is a challenge. This article aims to examine how palliative care could improve LIS patients’ quality of life. It is a case report of a male patient, 29 years, married, photographer, with LIS after traumatic brain injury (TBI), assisted at a hospice in São Paulo. Palliative Care for situations like this is still a relatively unexplored field; in Brazil, there are no published studies. The identification LIS is a clinical challenge and misdiagnosis can occur; the association of serial clinical examination, imaging tests and multimodal neurophysiological evaluation is necessary. The care provided by the Palliative Care team provided symptom control and emotional support to the patient and family. However, the integration with the Neurology team was insipient. It was observed that the access to the health services and health technologies were complicated factors. The lack of early diagnosis and rehabilitation also interfered negatively in the process, causing psychological and social suffering to the patient and his family.
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Machado, Thais Helena, Aline Carvalho Campanha, Paulo Caramelli, and Maria Teresa Carthery-Goulart. "Brief intervention for agrammatism in Primary Progressive Nonfluent Aphasia: A case report." Dementia & Neuropsychologia 8, no. 3 (September 2014): 291–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1980-57642014dn83000014.

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The non-fluent and agrammatic variant of Primary Progressive Aphasia (NFPPA) is characterized by reduced verbal production with deficits in building grammatically correct sentences, involving dysfunctions in syntactic and morphological levels of language. There are a growing number of studies about non-pharmacological alternatives focusing on the rehabilitation of functional aspects or specific cognitive impairments of each variant of PPA. This study reports a short-term treatment administered to a patient with NFPPA focusing on the production of sentences. The patient had significant reduction in verbal fluency, use of keywords, phrasal and grammatical simplifying as well as anomia. Using the method of errorless learning, six sessions were structured to stimulate the formation of sentences in the present and past with the cloze technique. The patient had improvement restricted to the strategy, with 100% accuracy on the trained phrases and generalization to untrained similar syntactic structure after training. These results persisted one month after the treatment.
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Noonan, Krist A., Elizabeth Jefferies, Faye Corbett, and Matthew A. Lambon Ralph. "Elucidating the Nature of Deregulated Semantic Cognition in Semantic Aphasia: Evidence for the Roles of Prefrontal and Temporo-parietal Cortices." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 22, no. 7 (July 2010): 1597–613. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn.2009.21289.

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Semantic cognition—semantically driven verbal and nonverbal behavior—is composed of at least two interactive principal components: conceptual representations and executive control processes that regulate and shape activation within the semantic system. Previous studies indicate that semantic dementia follows from a progressive yet specific degradation of conceptual knowledge. In contrast, multimodal semantic impairment in aphasic patients (semantic aphasia [SA]) reflects damage to the control component of semantic cognition [Jefferies, E., & Lambon Ralph, M. A. Semantic impairment in stroke aphasia versus semantic dementia: A case-series comparison. Brain, 129, 2132–2147, 2006]. The purpose of the present study was to examine the nature of the semantic control deficits in SA in detail for the first time. Seven patients with SA were tested on four comprehension and naming tasks that directly manipulated the requirement for executive control in different ways. In line with many theories of cognitive control, the SA patients demonstrated three core features of impaired control: (i) they exhibited poor on-line manipulation and exploration of semantic knowledge; (ii) they exhibited poor inhibition of strongly associated distractors; and (iii) they exhibited reduced ability to focus on or augment less dominant aspects of semantic information, although the knowledge itself remained and could be successfully cued by external constraints provided by the examiner. Our findings are consistent with the notion that the anterior temporal lobes are crucial for conceptual knowledge whereas the left prefrontal and temporo-parietal cortices, damaged in patients with SA, play a critical role in regulating semantic activation in a task-appropriate fashion.
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Howard, David. "Forum: Evaluating Intervention Beyond randomised controlled trials: the case for effective case studies of the effects of treatment in aphasia." International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders 21, no. 1 (January 1986): 89–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/13682828609018546.

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Bailey, Dallin J., Christina Nessler, Kiera N. Berggren, and Julie L. Wambaugh. "An Aphasia Treatment for Verbs With Low Concreteness: A Pilot Study." American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 29, no. 1 (February 7, 2020): 299–318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2019_ajslp-18-0257.

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Purpose Verbs with low concreteness are frequent in discourse samples but rarely targeted in aphasia treatments for verbs. These verbs are an important part of functional communication, and recent studies have called for more research regarding aphasia and treatment stimuli with low concreteness. The aim of this study was to pilot the use of verbs with low concreteness in a novel sentence production intervention with persons with aphasia. Method The study took the form of a single-case experimental design with multiple baselines across behaviors and across participants. Three persons with chronic nonfluent aphasia and apraxia of speech participated in the study. Each participant received treatment designed to increase the semantic networks of verbs with high frequency and low concreteness. Sentence production was closely examined over the course of treatment for treated and untreated verbs of varying concreteness levels. Additional measures of language and cognitive functioning were also taken before and after treatment. Results Results indicated improved sentence production with target verbs attributable to the treatment in the 1st phase of 2 phases for 2 of the 3 participants. The increases corresponded with the application of treatment, despite the difference in number of baseline sessions for the participants. Where there were treatment effects, there was also considerable generalization to untreated sets of items during the 1st treatment phase. Word retrieval also improved for 2 participants. Conclusions The results suggest that the novel treatment may improve sentence production and word retrieval in persons with aphasia, even when using target verbs with low concreteness ratings. Future research is warranted into the use of low concreteness verbs. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.10870958
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Chatzopoulos, Georgios, Ariadne Loutrari, Félix Díaz–Martínez, Evgenia-Peristera Kouki, and Hariklia Proios. "MOSAICS FALL APART IN DIFFERENT WAYS: EXPLORING VARIATION IN COMMUNICATION BREAKDOWN PATTERNS IN THREE APHASIC PATIENTS." Acta Neuropsychologica 16, no. 4 (December 18, 2018): 391–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.8037.

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In addition to linguistic impairments, the cognitive underpinnings of pragmatic abilities in aphasic individuals can be severely compromised. Impairments include incoherent discourse and other speech organization deficits. At the same time, preserved pragmatic patterns reveal communicative abilities that can go unnoticed if only standardized screening tests are used. Conversational Partners also appear to play a role in mitigating compromised linguistic ability. Although some tools assessing the communicative abilities of neurological patients have been recently employed, the question of whether pragmatic performance declines in consistent patterns remains poorly understood. We applied the Pragmatic Evaluation Protocol – Revised (PREP-R) to video-recorded interviews of Greek individuals with aphasia, presented here as separate case studies. The tool offers a detailed account of pragmatic ability across 29 distinct categories and consists of three distinct subcomponents, namely enunciative pragmatics, textual pragmatics, and interactional pragmatics. Our results showed considerable variation in the performance of each patient and across our three aphasic patients. We also found that the role of the Key Conversational Partner was critical to effective communication, in line with previous research. As the communication repertoire of each of our participants was found to be highly idiosyncratic, we propose that further research should shift away from the mere evaluation of isolated verbal abilities.
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