Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'APF control'

Esta tesis doctoral trata acerca de los sistemas de compensación activos de conexión en paralelo utilizados para la mejora de la calidad del suministro eléctrico, y de la eficiencia energética en las redes eléctricas de distribución y en las instalaciones, a cuatro hilos. En la presente tesis se desarrolla un nuevo filtro o compensador activo de potencia con la capacidad de seleccionar los fenómenos a compensar, incluyéndose además algunas propuestas que, aplicadas a estos sistemas de compensación, permiten mejorar las prestaciones finales obtenidas. Se presentan las estrategias de compensación global más utilizadas en compensadores activos y se propone un método de compensación global basado en la norma IEEE Std. 1459-2000. Se realiza un estudio comparativo de las diferentes estrategias de compensación global. Para la obtención de un compensador selectivo, se proponen dos métodos diferentes para la descomposición de las corrientes de carga y la obtención de las corrientes de compensación. El primer método está basado en la utilización de las conductancias por fase y la conductancia equivalente del sistema trifásico. El segundo se basa en la descomposición de potencias propuesta en la IEEE Std. 1459-2000. Se presenta un análisis de cada uno de los métodos propuestos. Se presenta el análisis del sistema completo para la implementación del compensador selectivo propuesto. El sistema de control incluye, la utilización de la técnica de la ventana deslizante para la obtención de las corrientes de referencia, el desarrollo de un regulador de corriente de bajo coste computacional, el diseño del regulador para el control del bus dc y el desarrollo de un nuevo modulador vectorial tridimensional 3D-3B SVPWM. Finalmente, se presentan los resultados de simulación y experimentales del sistema de compensación diseñado, para diferentes tipos de cargas y condiciones de alimentación. Parte de estos resultados han sido presentados, entre otras, en las siguientes publicaciones: " S. O
Orts Grau, S. (2008). Sistema de compensación mediante filtro activo de potencia con sistema de obtención de las corrientes de referencia selectivo utilizando control 3D-3B SVPWM de la etapa de potencia. Aplicación a sistemas industriales a 4 hilos [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/3797
Palancia

Several items need consideration when products are evaluated for use as transition agents. These are (1) efficacy of ryegrass removal [rate of ryegrass decline and appearance of turf during transition], (2) tolerance and performance of incoming bermudagrass and (3) application safety for next season’s repeat overseed operations. This test was designed to evaluate application safety for the next overseeding which occurs in the early fall. Therefore, AEF was applied in the summer to bermudagrass turf prior to overseed operations. Most responses of the perennial ryegrass (overseed) turf to previous treatments of AEF 130360 occurred immediately after overseeding, from mid-October to early November. AEF 130360 applied 2 weeks before overseeding caused a significant decrease in seedling vigor, percent plot ryegrass cover, and percent bermudagrass plot straw present. Both AEF treatments applied closest to overseeding (2 weeks prior) had the least amount of initial ryegrass, the greatest amount of green bermudagrass, and later in the season, the most amount of straw (dormant) bermudagrass. Differences in turfgrass quality were not significant due to treatments at any time throughout the test, and most treatments ranked higher than the control in overall quality. Under the conditions of this test, application of AEF 130360 at either 0.64 or 1.28 ounces/product/M made one month before actual oversseding did not cause detrimental effects to ryegrass emergence, ryegrass cover, turfgrass color or overall quality.

ABF -1 is a human class II bHLH transcription factor that is expressed predominantly in activated B cells and EBV immortalized cell lines. A portion of this study sought to characterize the homolog of ABF- l in Caenorhabditis e/egans. The nematode gene product, ceABF -1, is capable of forming heterodimers with E2A gene products and binding E box binding sites. HeLa cells transfected with ceABF-1 reveal that it is capable of blocking E2A mediated gene transcription. In order to maintain full repression capabilities, two conserved amino acid residues within helix I ofthe HLH domain are required. These results show a conserved mechanism of gene repression between invertebrates and vertebrates. This study also sought to analyze ABF-1 mediated regulation of both ld3 and cellular growth. Using a human ABF-1 stably transfected cell line, ID3 protein levels and transcript levels were shown to increase in response to overexpression of ABF-1 via western and northern blot, respectively. Flow cytometry analysis and Real-time PCR revealed that ABF-1 programs a slow down in the cell cycle, however this growth arrest is not mediated by ID3.

Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite of animals and man. The asexual life cycle of Toxoplasma involves three very distinct, but tightly coordinated developmental stages. In nature, the sporozoite (contained within an oocyst) and bradyzoite (contained within a tissue cyst) initiate infection of the intermediate host, followed by rapid differentiation into the actively replicating tachyzoite. When countered by an effective host response, the tachyzoite differentiates back into the latent bradyzoite and this unique ability of Toxoplasma to interconvert between the replicating tachyzoite and the latent bradyzoite within a single host is the cause of life long infection. The transcriptional mechanisms controlling tachyzoite to bradyzoite differentiation and inter-conversion are largely unknown, however, a linkage between the parasite cell cycle and differentiation may underlie these developmental mechanisms. The recent discovery of a family of DNA binding proteins in Apicomplexa (ApiAP2) that are distantly related to the APETALA-2 (AP2) class of plant transcription factors has uncovered an important set of proteins (ApiAP2 factors) that have critical roles in regulating growth and developmental gene expression. Five Toxoplasma ApiAP2s were studied in this thesis project: AP2IX-9, AP2Ib-1, AP2IV-3 (Chapter 2); AP2IV-4 (Chapter 3); and AP2VI-1 (Chapter 4). A major conclusion of this work highlights a novel paradigm in our understanding of the cellular mechanisms regulating stage conversion in Toxoplasma. The study of AP2IX-9 and AP2IV-4 indicate development of the bradyzoite is governed by transcriptional repressors acting at two independent levels, one late in the cell cycle and a second governing the transition from the tachyzoite to the end-stage bradyzoite tissue cyst. The use of repressors to regulate development provides flexibility for the parasite to immediately respond to changing host conditions and modulate the competing needs of expansion and persistence. In addition, the study of AP2VI-1 demonstrates that Toxoplasma employs ApiAP2s that bind chromosome heterochromatin to establish a state of developmental competency AP2IX-9 (Chapter 2) has a unique transient expression profile restricted to early bradyzoite differentiation, and absent form both the tachyzoite and terminal tissue cyst. Disruption of the AP2IX-9 locus resulted in increased tissue cyst formation in vitro while conditional overexpression of AP2IX-9 significantly reduced tissue cyst formation, indicating AP2IX-9 operates as a repressor of bradyzoite development. Consistent with a role as a repressor, AP2IX-9 specifically inhibited the expression of bradyzoite mRNAs including BAG1, B-NTPase and LDH2, common markers for bradyzoite development. Two other ApiAP2s, AP2Ib-1 and AP2IV-3 have similar expression profiles as AP2IX-9 and are candidates for expanding our understanding of this repressor mechanisms regulating development. A number of mRNAs encoding ApiAP2 proteins are dynamically regulated during the tachyzoite cell cycle that also show unique profiles during bradyzoite development. AP2IV-4 (Chapter 3) and AP2VI-1 (Chapter 4) represent two of several cell cycle AP2s whose expression is associated with specific S-phase and mitotic transitions but illustrate divergent roles in regulating growth and development. The expression of AP2IV-4 is exclusive to the tachyzoite stage of development and peak expression coincides with mitosis of the cell cycle. Interestingly, deletion of AP2IV-4 results in the up-regulation of tissue cyst wall and bradyzoite surface antigens in the tachyzoite. The mis-expression of bradyzoite proteins in the tachyzoite indicate AP2IV-4, much like AP2IX-9, is stage specific transcriptional repressor active only late in the tachyzoite cell cycle, likely promoting continued replication of the tachyzoite stage. For AP2VI-1 (Chapter 4), an S phase exclusive factor, we have verified S phase expression using an HA fusion protein at the endogenous locus, determined its DNA binding specificity by EMSA, and developed a genetic model of conditional expression based on the small molecule, Shield-1. Attempts to genetically delete this factor were successful only in laboratory adapted strains of Toxoplasma, indicating AP2VI-1 has an essential function in the bradyzoite developmental pathway. Genome-wide binding (chromatin immunoprecipitation and microarray analysis (ChIP-chip)) regions of AP2VI-1 are indistinguishable from the recently published CenH3 regions (centromere marker) and similarly fall within the H3K9me2 and H3K9me3 methylation patterns (heterochromatin markers) that mark the centromere boundaries. AP2VI-1 was also detected in mature bradyzoites from in vitro or animal tissue cysts. This dual expression profile for AP2VI-1 may suggest this factor has a unique role in chromosome maintenance or stability during developmental transitions.

ABF -1 is a human class II bHLH transcription factor that is expressed predominantly in activated B cells and EBV immortalized cell lines. A portion of this study sought to characterize the homolog of ABF- l in Caenorhabditis e/egans. The nematode gene product, ceABF -1, is capable of forming heterodimers with E2A gene products and binding E box binding sites. HeLa cells transfected with ceABF-1 reveal that it is capable of blocking E2A mediated gene transcription. In order to maintain full repression capabilities, two conserved amino acid residues within helix I ofthe HLH domain are required. These results show a conserved mechanism of gene repression between invertebrates and vertebrates. This study also sought to analyze ABF-1 mediated regulation of both ld3 and cellular growth. Using a human ABF-1 stably transfected cell line, ID3 protein levels and transcript levels were shown to increase in response to overexpression of ABF-1 via western and northern blot, respectively. Flow cytometry analysis and Real-time PCR revealed that ABF-1 programs a slow down in the cell cycle, however this growth arrest is not mediated by ID3.

Web applications and APIs have become more popular every year, and security risks haveincreased. Along with more security risks and the large amount of sensitive informationshared on web applications today, the problem grows. I therefore wanted to explore morein security deficiencies to increase my own knowledge and others in the field. To do that,a web application was developed and a survey was made of what security threats existtoday and what solutions they have. Some of the solutions encountered during theinvestigation were then implemented and tested in the web application. The result showedsome general solutions such as validation, which was a solution to a number of threats.The investigation also showed that security is not black and white and that it is possibleto implement actions but attackers can still find ways to attack systems.

Thesis: M.B.A., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, in conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT, 2018.
Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, in conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT, 2018.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 92-95).
This thesis presents work that was done to improve the effectiveness of cleaning processes at an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) manufacturing site that was in the phase of engineering trials and cleaning cycle development. Cleaning cycles executed on the site prior to the project were found to be inconsistent in cleaning the equipment to the desired specifications. Lack of repeatability of cleaning processes was hypothesized to be a resultant of inadequate process control and monitoring. Statistical Process Control (SPC) implemented using process automation was found to improve the success rate of cleaning processes significantly. SPC introduction required breaking down the cleaning operation into component steps, identifying critical process parameters (CPPs) and calculation of control limits using Shewhart Control Charts for these CPPs. Significant modifications were done to the automation controls for the recipe to ensure deviations from recipe are captured and appropriate actions are taken by the system or the operator to bring the process back in control. The success rate of cleaning processes improved from 38% to 72% post the implementation of Phase I of SPC with the newer non-conformances being associated to special external causes outside the control of the process. Real-time Multivariate Statistical Process Monitoring (RT-MSPM) was also introduced and piloted as a future opportunity for enhanced control and continuous quality improvement. Multivariate statistical process control eliminates the need to monitor multiple control charts (one for each variable) at the same time accounting for the correlations among process variables.
by Rajkumar aka Rahul Shankarlal Nechlani.
M.B.A.
S.M.

As altas exigências que impõe o mercado globalizado, a complexidade dos sistemas produtivos de manufatura atuais e os avanços na Tecnologia da Informação são fatos que resgatam a importância da Programação Detalhada da Produção para as empresas. A pesar de bastante consolidada e difundida, a abordagem clássica MRP / ERP não atende plenamente as necessidades em ambientes de produção intermitente. A Programação Detalhada da Produção com capacidade finita dos recursos, atualmente contemplada nos sistemas APS (Advanced Planning & Scheduling), constitui uma alternativa interessante para melhor cumprir prazos de entrega em ambientes com roteiros de produção complexos e produção make-to-order (MTO). O problema de pesquisa ora estudado contempla o ensino de modelos de Planejamento e Controle da Produção (PCP) em um ambiente de produção intermitente, com foco na Programação Detalhada da Produção e nos sistemas MRP e APS. Propõe-se um plano de ensino que busca apresentar e diferenciar essas abordagens. O plano contempla o uso de um caso didático A Fábrica de Skates. De uma forma lúdica, porém realista, o caso apresenta, nas suas cinco etapas, duas situações hipotéticas de uso de sistemas de programação. O primeiro, um MRP para planejamento da fábrica de skates e, no segundo, um APS utilizado pelo fornecedor de eixos. O plano foi aplicado pela primeira vez em uma turma de graduação do curso de Engenharia de Produção. Nesta dissertação, é apresentada uma descrição detalhada do caso didático, junto ao plano de ensino. A pesquisa verificou, mediante análise das atividades do caso e de um questionário de avaliação, a utilidade dos recursos elaborados, como também que as estratégias aplicadas ajudaram na aprendizagem. Nesta primeira aplicação, constatou-se também que a alta carga de trabalho dos alunos no semestre e o pouco peso dado à nota final do caso didático foram fatores que inibiram melhores resultados. Para futuras aplicações, o caso didático pode ser aprimorado: novas etapas contemplando outros assuntos importantes para a disciplina PCP e análise de alternativas para substituição dos softwares empregados são exemplos de melhorias.
The high standard of competition in global market, the complexity of current manufacturing systems and the advances in Information Technology highlight the importance of the detailed production scheduling. Although classical approaches such as MRP perform this function quite well in different situations, these systems do not perform well in make-to-order (MTO) production systems. The finite capacity scheduling currently embedded within the software called APS (Advanced Planning & Scheduling) is a more interesting approach to achieve better performance in meeting due dates in production environments with complex routings and MTO strategy. Thus, the problem addressed in this study concerns the teaching of Production Planning and Control (PPC) models for intermittent production, with focus on the detailed production scheduling using MRP and APS approaches. In order to that, a teaching plan is proposed to present and differentiate these approaches. It includes the use of an educational case study named \"The Skateboard Factory\". In a playful but realistic way, the case presents, in its five stages, two hypothetical situations of use of scheduling systems. First, an MRP approach for planning in the skateboard factory, and second, one APS approach used by the truck supplier. The teaching plan was first applied to an undergraduate degree Production Engineering program. In this dissertation, a detailed description of the educational case study, along with the teaching plan, is provided. The results achieved in the case study and the students evaluation attest to the usefulness of the resources designed, and also that the strategies applied really improved the learning process. In this first application, it was also observed that high workload and the little weight in the final grade of the case study inhibit better results. In future applications, the case can be enhanced to include new stages on other important issues of the PPC discipline and the replacement of the software used.

Waste materials are hazardous if they display toxic, corrosive or other characteristics which have the potential to cause danger to health or the environment. New regulations to meet the requirements of the Landfill Directive contain controls on hazardous waste including the requirement to pre-treat hazardous waste prior to disposal and to ensure these wastes meet stringent waste acceptance criteria (WAC) on leachability. Waste from the cleaning of combustion gases produced from municipal solid waste (MSW) incineration is classed as hazardous by virtue of their corrosive properties. The majority of these air pollution control (APC) residues which contain dioxins, heavy metals and high levels of chloride are currently sent to landfill. To meet the new controls, pretreatment will be required to improve the handling properties and reduce the release of chloride ions into the environment. Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) is used to treat hazardous wastes. The solid form produced with the addition of OPC is however susceptible to degradation from aggressive leaching fluids and may release contaminants over time. Additives with high silica content can be used to interact with free lime produced during OPC hydration to improve the physical and chemical properties of the solid waste form. The treatment of MSW APC residues with sodium silicate and cement produces a solid waste form with a reduced structural integrity and a tendency to breakdown under attack from aggressive fluids. Silica 'gels' are formed during initial setting reactions which 'depolymerise' with fluid ingress to form new calcium rich silica 'gels' within cracks and voids of the solid waste form. Expansion due to water absorption and continual 'gel' formation causes structural failure. The addition of sodium silicate to sludges produced from a current treatment by mixing MSW APC residues with other mixed hazardous waste improves strength development by 'encapsulating' the waste sludge inside a calcium/silica 'gel'. This stops components of the sludge from interfering with normal OPC hydration. The treatment of MSW APC residues with sodium silicate will not produce a solid form to meet the new waste acceptance criteria. However, sodium silicate has the potential to improve handling and structural integrity of the sludge produced from the current treatment process.

En vetenskaplig studie utfördes med fokus på spelkontrollers påverkan på spelarens engagemang och frustration, aspekter som är viktiga för spelares intresse för ett spel. Studien jämför traditionella spelkontroller, som exempel på vanligt förekommande moderna spelkontroller, och Ape Escape-liknande spelkontroller, som anpassar naturligt mappade spelkontroller på ett traditionellt, modernt kontrolldon. Två spelprototyper skapades med en utav de nämnda kontrolltyperna vardera. En studie utfördes med fyra deltagare delade i två deltagargrupper där varje deltagare spelade de två spelprototyperna följt av semi-strukturerade intervjuer med mål att få information kring deras spelupplevelser. Datan analyserades enligt grundad teori vilket uppgav en rad olika mönster angående deltagarnas engagemang och frustration samt hur dessa påverkades av spelkontrollerna hos vardera prototyp. På grund av den låga mängden deltagare är dessa mönster relativt opålitliga vilket bjuder in till framtida studier med fler deltagare och samma fokus på spelkontrollers påverkan på engagemang och frustration.

A ce jour, le developpement de systemes micro-robotiques souffre essentiellement du manque de procedes d'actionnement hautement integrables, capables de transmettre a la fois des mouvements et des efforts non negligeables et dont les technologies sont compatibles avec les micro-techniques d'usinage. Pour repondre a ces besoins, nous nous sommes interesses a l'exploitation de materiaux actifs et plus particulierement aux alliages a memoire de forme en raison de leur capacite de production de deplacements (jusqu'a 8% de leur longueur), de transmission d'effort (jusqu'a 250 mpa), leur simplicite de commande (par effet joule) mais aussi leur procede d'elaboration compatible avec les micro-technologies. Dans cette etude, nous proposons un modele original decrivant de facon explicite la deformation du materiau en fonction de la temperature, de la contrainte mais aussi de l'histoire du materiau. Il est base sur une analyse des effets physiques a l'origine de la propriete effet memoire forme simple sens. Ce modele est valide experimentalement par une serie de tests de comportement thermo-mecanique. Ce modele analytique a ete integre dans un outil d'aide a la conception de structures d'actionneurs utilisant des amf. Ce moyen a ete exploite pour proposer des structures originales d'actionneurs amf. L'un d'eux est fait pour constituer la phalange d'un micro-prehenseur de 12 mm de long et 5 mm de diametre commandable en position et en effort. Cette double fonction est obtenue avec une haute integration par des micro-transmissions mecaniquement decouplees. Un autre a ete concu afin de diriger une tete d'endoscope de 8 mm de diametre et de 40 mm de long. Sa commande permet d'obtenir un angle de courbure de la tete de 180 degres. Enfin, nous nous sommes interroges sur le probleme de leur commande. Des schemas de controle en position et en effort sont proposes et experimentes sur differents types d'actionneurs. Ceux-ci offrent de bons resultats a la fois en terme de precision et de dynamique. Leur structure particulierement simple permet une integration avec un minimum de capteurs et d'electronique dans le micro-systeme.

O direito possui uma relação intrínseca com o conceito de poder e autoridade, que, no mais das vezes, é percebido como poder ungente, autorizado, uma força física coercitiva e irresistível. No entanto, objetivou-se, com o presente trabalho, desnudar o aspecto simbólico do poder proveniente do direito, consoante desenvolvido pela teoria do poder simbólico de Pierre Bourdieu. Com efeito, segundo a teoria de Bourdieu, o poder simbólico em disputa no campo jurídico consiste no poder de enunciar autorizadamente o que é direito, a partir de certas estratégias de dominação com vistas à manutenção do monopólio sobre a interpretação legitima do direito. A partir dessa perspectiva, o trabalho analisou as possíveis estratégias de poder utilizadas pelos ministros do Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF), na condição de corte hierarquicamente superior, no controle de constitucionalidade abstrato das leis. Ao desenvolver este tema, buscou-se investigar o potencial exercício da violência simbólica por parte dos ministros do STF, tomando-se como caso paradigmático, o julgamento da ADPF 54. Então, a partir de pesquisa realizada no sítio eletrônico do STF, fez-se uma análise qualitativa dos votos proferidos pelos ministros do STF no referido caso, comparando as argumentações trazidas pelos mesmos; bem como, averiguou-se a participação de outros atores sociais envolvidos na disputa pelo direito, como AGU, PGR e os terceiros admitidos na condição de amicus curiae. A pesquisa compreendeu a revisão bibliográfica das principais obras de Pierre Bourdieu, como fontes primárias, bem como a revisão de outras obras de estudiosos sobre os temas abordados na presente dissertação.

Orientador : Charly Kunzi
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica
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Resumo: O presente trabalho estuda a aplicação dos conceitos básicos do QFD (Quality Function Deployment), para orientar a escolha de ferramentas estatísticas à serem utilizadas, em uma grande indústria multinacional de auto peças. Foi desenvolvido um método, para analisar as influências dos dados de projeto, processo e produção, nas falhas ocorridas em um produto, durante a fabricação em série. Associando-se as informações das falhas ocorridas, com os dados de projeto, processo e produção, obtem-se um direcionamento correto e eficaz das ações e alterações propostas. Experimentou-se o novo método, chamado de AGF - Análise de Geradores de Falhas e verificou-se uma melhora significativa dos índices da qualidade, na fabricação de motores elétricos, conforme apresentado por meio do estudo de caso
Abstract: The present work studies the application of the basic concepts of QFD (Quality Function Deployment), to guide the choice of the statistical tools to be used, in a great multinational auto parts industry. A method was developed, to analyze the influences of the project data, process and production, in the failure' s product, during the series manufacturing. Associating the information of the failure, with the project data, process and production, be obtained a correct and effective actions and proposed alterations. The new method, called AGF - Analysis of Failure's Generators, result in a significant improvement in the quality performance in the assembly of electric motors, as presented through the case study
Mestrado
Gestão da Qualidade Total
Mestre Profissional em Engenharia Mecanica

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A biometric system that employs one single biometric characteristic is constrained. This limitation can be reduced by fusing the information presented by multiple sources. A system that consolidates the evidence presented by multiple biometric sources is known as a multibiometric system. In such a context, this work proposes the security and persistence APIs of a multi-biometric architecture, which is capable of using one or more biometric modalities. In access control applications, a user might be forced to authenticate in order to give an unauthorized access to a criminal. As an alternative to this problem, the API uses a continuous authentication process, which verifies if the user identified at the start of the software application is still able to remain on the system, without human interferences or breaks in the process. Much of the literature on biometric system design has focused on system error rates and scaling equations. However, it is also important to have a solid foundation for future progress as the processes and systems architecture for the new biometric application are designed. Hence, the designed architecture made it possible to create a well-defined API for multibiometric systems, which may help developers to standardize, among other things, their data structure, in order to enable and facilitate templates fusion and interoperability. Therefore, the developed security and persistence APIs support a multi-biometric access control architecture. This architecture is extensible, that is, capable of easily comprising new biometric characteristics and processes, yet making it possible to use a template security mechanism. The APIs were designed and implemented. They were demonstrated by a prototype application, through which it was possible to conduct the test experiments.
Um sistema biométrico que empregue uma única peculiaridade ou traço característico é restrito. Esta limitação pode ser suavizada pela fusão dos dados apresentados por múltiplas fontes. Um sistema que consolida a evidência apresentada por múltiplas fontes biométricas é conhecido como um sistema multibiométrico. Nesse contexto, este trabalho propõe a interface de aplicação (API) de segurança e armazenamento de uma arquitetura multibiométrica, com habilidade de empregar uma ou mais modalidades biométricas. Em aplicações de controle de acesso, um usuário pode ser coagido a se autenticar para permitir um acesso indevido. Como alternativa para este problema, a API utiliza um processo de autenticação contínua, que verifica se o usuário que se identificou no início de uma aplicação de software ainda está apto a continuar no sistema, sem interferências humanas ou paralisações do processo. Grande parte da literatura sobre projeto de sistemas biométricos tem o foco nas taxas de erro do sistema e na simplificação de equações. No entanto, também é importante que se tenha uma base sólida para progressos futuros no momento em que os processos e a arquitetura da nova aplicação biométrica estiverem sendo projetados. Neste sentido, a arquitetura projetada permitiu a construção de uma API bem definida para sistemas multibiométricos, que deverá auxiliar os desenvolvedores a padronizar, entre outras coisas, sua estrutura de dados, de forma a possibilitar e facilitar a fusão de modelos biométricos e a interoperabilidade. Deste modo, a API de segurança e armazenamento desenvolvida suporta uma arquitetura multibiométrica de controle de acesso para autenticação contínua extensível, isto é, capaz de receber novas características e processos biométricos com facilidade, permitindo, ainda, o uso de um mecanismo de segurança de templates biométricos. A API foi projetada e implementada. Sua demonstração foi feita através de uma aplicação protótipo, por meio da qual foi possível realizar os testes.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
O ambiente competitivo e de mudanças dinâmicas ao qual as empresas brasileiras estão inseridas exige que estas adotem estratégias, para que suas ações sejam previstas e, sua estrutura seja adequada para o ambiente que se deseja atuar. A indústria de confecção, além deste ambiente competitivo, possui a particularidade de ser, em parte de sua cadeia, envolvida com grande diversidade e mudança de seus produtos, implicando diretamente em seus processos de produção, o que acentua ainda mais a necessidade de alinhamento das estratégia de produção. O presente trabalho objetivo analisar o alimento das estratégias competitivas e de produção em empresas produtoras de confecção, pertencentes ao Arranjo Produtivo Local Moda Sudoeste (APLMS). Como objetivo secundário, busca-se examinar o alinhamento entre a estratégia de produção a partir de suas prioridades de produção, e as áreas de decisões estruturais e infra-estruturais do processo produtivo que suportam estas prioridades competitivas. Desenvolveu-se um estudo de caso descritivo a partir de uma pesquisa de campo com seis empresas. Os resultados desta pesquisa revelaram que as empresas são em sua maioria de pequeno porte, e atuam em duas estratégias competitivas. As produtoras de calças em modinha jeans possuem a estratégia competitiva de diferenciação, e as produtoras de calça social possuem a estratégia competitiva de menor custo. As prioridades de produção encontradas entre as empresas com estratégia competitiva de diferenciação são principalmente a qualidade e a flexibilidade, e das empresas com estratégia competitiva de menor custo são qualidade e custo. Observe-se ainda, a identificação da falta de alinhamento prático entre a estratégia competitiva e de produção das empresas pesquisadas, sobretudo pela grande oportunidade de implementação de técnicas e práticas que desdobrem as prioridades de...
The competitive and dynamic changes to which Brazilian comapanies are included demands tahth they about strategies so that their actions are planned, and it structure is suitable for the environment you want to act. The clothing industry, in addition to this competitive environment, has the distinction of being in part of their supply chain involved with diversity and change their products, resulting directly in changing their production processes, which further accentuates the need alignment of strategies and competitive production strategy. This paper aims to analyze the aligment of competitive strategies and production companies producing clothing, belonging to the Arranjo Produtivo Local Moda Sudoeste (APLMS). As secondary objective, we seek to examine the alignment between manufacturing strategy through its production priorities and areas of structural decisions and infrastructure of the production process that support these competing priorities. We developed a descriptive case study through a filed with six companies. The results of this survey revealed that companies are mostly small, and act in two competitive strategies. The producers of pants fad jeans have the competitive strategy of differentiation, and the social production of pants have the competitive strategy of lowest cost. The priorities of mainly the quality and flexibility, and business and competitive strategy are the lowest cost quality and cost. Data were also obtained, to identify the practical lack of alignment between competitive strategy and manufacturing companies surveyed, especially the great opportunity to implement techniques and practices that deploy competitive priorities of those companies in structural decisions and infrastructure that are active and competitive strategy aligned to them

Orientador: Vagner Cavenaghi
Banca: José Alcides Gobbo Júnior
Banca: Davi Noboru Nakano
Resumo: O ambiente competitivo e de mudanças dinâmicas ao qual as empresas brasileiras estão inseridas exige que estas adotem estratégias, para que suas ações sejam previstas e, sua estrutura seja adequada para o ambiente que se deseja atuar. A indústria de confecção, além deste ambiente competitivo, possui a particularidade de ser, em parte de sua cadeia, envolvida com grande diversidade e mudança de seus produtos, implicando diretamente em seus processos de produção, o que acentua ainda mais a necessidade de alinhamento das estratégia de produção. O presente trabalho objetivo analisar o alimento das estratégias competitivas e de produção em empresas produtoras de confecção, pertencentes ao Arranjo Produtivo Local Moda Sudoeste (APLMS). Como objetivo secundário, busca-se examinar o alinhamento entre a estratégia de produção a partir de suas prioridades de produção, e as áreas de decisões estruturais e infra-estruturais do processo produtivo que suportam estas prioridades competitivas. Desenvolveu-se um estudo de caso descritivo a partir de uma pesquisa de campo com seis empresas. Os resultados desta pesquisa revelaram que as empresas são em sua maioria de pequeno porte, e atuam em duas estratégias competitivas. As produtoras de calças em modinha jeans possuem a estratégia competitiva de diferenciação, e as produtoras de calça social possuem a estratégia competitiva de menor custo. As prioridades de produção encontradas entre as empresas com estratégia competitiva de diferenciação são principalmente a qualidade e a flexibilidade, e das empresas com estratégia competitiva de menor custo são qualidade e custo. Observe-se ainda, a identificação da falta de alinhamento prático entre a estratégia competitiva e de produção das empresas pesquisadas, sobretudo pela grande oportunidade de implementação de técnicas e práticas que desdobrem as prioridades de ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The competitive and dynamic changes to which Brazilian comapanies are included demands tahth they about strategies so that their actions are planned, and it structure is suitable for the environment you want to act. The clothing industry, in addition to this competitive environment, has the distinction of being in part of their supply chain involved with diversity and change their products, resulting directly in changing their production processes, which further accentuates the need alignment of strategies and competitive production strategy. This paper aims to analyze the aligment of competitive strategies and production companies producing clothing, belonging to the Arranjo Produtivo Local Moda Sudoeste (APLMS). As secondary objective, we seek to examine the alignment between manufacturing strategy through its production priorities and areas of structural decisions and infrastructure of the production process that support these competing priorities. We developed a descriptive case study through a filed with six companies. The results of this survey revealed that companies are mostly small, and act in two competitive strategies. The producers of pants fad jeans have the competitive strategy of differentiation, and the social production of pants have the competitive strategy of lowest cost. The priorities of mainly the quality and flexibility, and business and competitive strategy are the lowest cost quality and cost. Data were also obtained, to identify the practical lack of alignment between competitive strategy and manufacturing companies surveyed, especially the great opportunity to implement techniques and practices that deploy competitive priorities of those companies in structural decisions and infrastructure that are active and competitive strategy aligned to them
Mestre

Boundary layer separation is an unwanted phenomenon in most technical applications, as for instance on airplane wings, ground vehicles and in internal flow systems. If separation occurs, it causes loss of lift, higher drag and energy losses. It is thus essential to develop methods to eliminate or delay separation.In the present experimental work streamwise vortices are introduced in turbulent boundary layers to transport higher momentum fluid towards the wall. This enables the boundary layer to stay attached at  larger pressure gradients. First the adverse pressure gradient (APG) separation bubbles that are to be eliminated are studied. It is shown that, independent of pressure gradient, the mean velocity defect profiles are self-similar when the scaling proposed by Zagarola and Smits is applied to the data. Then vortex pairs and arrays of vortices of different initial strength are studied in zero pressure gradient (ZPG). Vane-type vortex generators (VGs) are used to generate counter-rotating vortex pairs, and it is shown that the vortex core trajectories scale with the VG height h and the spanwise spacing of the blades. Also the streamwise evolution of the turbulent quantities scale with h. As the vortices are convected downstream they seem to move towards a equidistant state, where the distance from the vortex centres to the wall is half the spanwise distance between two vortices. Yawing the VGs up to 20° do not change the generated circulation of a VG pair. After the ZPG measurements, the VGs where applied in the APG mentioned above. It is shown that that the circulation needed to eliminate separation is nearly independent of the pressure gradient and that the streamwise position of the VG array relative to the separated region is not critical to the control effect. In a similar APG jet vortex generators (VGJs) are shown to as effective as the passive VGs. The ratio VR of jet velocity and test section inlet velocity is varied and a control effectiveness optimum is found for VR=5. At 40° yaw the VGJs have only lost approximately 20% of the control effect. For pulsed VGJs the pulsing frequency, the duty cycle and VR were varied. It was shown that to achieve maximum control effect the injected mass flow rate should be as large as possible, within an optimal range of jet VRs. For a given injected mass flow rate, the important parameter was shown to be the injection time t1. A non-dimensional injection time is defined as t1+ = t1Ujet/d, where d is the jet orifice diameter. Here, the optimal  t1+ was 100-200.
QC 20100825

Mestrado em Sistemas de Informação
Na Universidade de Aveiro existe um portal que oferece serviços web ou APIs para utilização pelos estudantes durante o desenvolvimento de projetos académicos. Apesar da sua utilidade continua a existir uma baixa utilização desta plataforma designada por Academic Playground & Innovation. Um dos principais objetivos era divulgar e promover a mesma por forma a aumentar a sua utilização. Para isso foi estruturada uma sequência de concursos a pôr em prática e o desenvolvimento de componentes relacionados. Este trabalho foca também a temática dos webservices, passando por desenvolver e documentar novos serviços, assim como implementar testes unitários sobre webservices existentes. Importa ainda mencionar o desenvolvimento de um componente relacionado com o controlo de acessos em edifícios da academia.
In University of Aveiro there is a website that offers web services and APIs for usage by students during the development of academic projects. Despite its usefulness, there is still a low utilization of this platform designated by Academic Playground & Innovation. One of the main goals was to outreach and promote this platform in order to increase its usage. With that in mind a sequence of contests was structured as well as the development of related components. The theme of web services is also focused on this work through developing and documenting new services, followed by the implementation of unit tests on existing web services. It is also important to mention the development of a component related with access control in buildings of the academy.

International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 22-25, 2001 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada
CCSDS recommendations initially addressed the communication link between spacecraft and ground station. Space Link Extension (SLE) is a set of CCSDS recommended standards for extending the link to control centers, allowing distributed access to space link telecommand and telemetry services. The recommendations encompass the specification of both services and access methods. This paper discusses an implementation of SLE that will be used to provide Forward CLTU service to the upcoming INTEGRAL (International Gamma Ray Astrophysics Laboratory) mission.

El objetivo general del presente trabajo de título es propone y evaluar una metodología de mantenibilidad de un control avanzado, con el objeto de mejorar la confiabilidad y disponibilidad del sistema de control avanzado; se espera con esto que la empresa pueda obtener mayores ganancias y reducir costos de mantención y soporte del sistema.

Svenska Kraftnät är ett statligt affärsverk vars huvuduppgift är drift och underhåll av det svenska elstamnätet. Bekämpningen av oönskad vegetation är en del i underhållsarbetet i anläggningarna och sker i dagsläget med det kemiska bekämpningsmedlet Roundup. Svenska Kraftnät önskar att minska eller ersätta den kemiska ogräsbekämpningen med en miljöanpassad metod och rapporten syftar till att undersöka den möjligheten.  En av de möjliga metoderna, NCC Spuma, testades i ett fältförsök i en av Svenska Kraftnäts anläggningar och dess miljöpåverkan undersöktes genom en livscykelanalys. NCC Spuma är en termisk metod för ogräsbekämpning som erbjuds av NCC Roads. Ogräset bekämpas med hett vatten och ett isolerande skum. Det isolerande skummet förlänger tiden det heta vattnet skadar ogräset. Skummet bildas då ett extrakt, glucopon 225 DK, blandas med hett vatten. NCC Spuma testades tillsammans med Roundup bio i ett fältförsök för att jämföra metodernas effekt och användarvänligheten. Försöket visade att den största minskningen i ogräs erhölls med NCC Spuma. Men standardavvikelsen var för samtliga resultat hög och för att få en mer exakt jämförelse mellan metoderna behövs mer utförliga försök. Området var torrt till följd av sommarens låga nederbörd vilket ledde till att förekomsten av ogräs var låg. Detta i kombination med att det var stor skillnad mellan mängden ogräs i testrutorna både vid start och under försökets gång bidrog till den stora standardavvikelsen. Framkomligheten vid utläggningen av NCC Spuma i anläggningen var något begränsad och tidsåtgången var stor i jämförelse med den vid besprutningen med Roundup bio. Resultatet från den LCA som utfördes visade att det totala utsläppet för ogräsbekämpning per kvadratmeter motsvarade 119,5 g CO2-ekvivalenter vid utläggning av NCC Spuma. Det största bidraget kom från den diesel som förbrukades vid upphettningen av vattnet, det bidraget motsvarade 85 g/m2. Det nästa största bidraget kom från råvaruproduktionen och var 29 g/m2. Utsläppen från transporter och produktion av extraktet var betydligt mindre. Det som först och främst kan göras är att se till att dagens kemiska ogräsbekämpning är att se till att användningen av Roundup bio sker enligt instruktioner, att dosen anpassas efter mängden ogräs och att det inte används i förebyggande syfte. Att Roundup bio inte kan användas förebyggande beror på att det endast tas upp via växtens blad och inte via dess rötter. NCC Spuma kan vara en alternativ metod för att bekämpa ogräset i stationsanläggningarna, dock finns det utmaningar i framkomlighet och räckvidd som bör lösas innan implementering. Den stora tidsåtgången kan också bli ett problem särskilt i Svenska Kraftnäts större anläggningar. Andra alternativa metoder som Svenska Kraftnät möjligtvis skulle kunna använda är förebyggande åtgärder som samt bekämpning med ättiksyra. I Svenska Kraftnäts riktlinjer för stationsunderhåll anges att ytan ska hållas fri från ogräs, något som i dagsläget sällan uppnås. Ett tröskelvärde för tolererad mängd ogräs skulle kunna förenkla för underhållsentreprenören att avgöra när det finns behov av ogräsbekämpning.
Swedish national grid (Svenska Kraftnät) is a state-owned public utility whose primary responsability is operation and maintenance of the Swedish power grid. Weed management is a part of the maintenance of the facilities of Svenska Kraftnät and today this is done with chemical pesticides. Svenska Kraftnät wishes to replace or reduce the use of chemical pesticides and the aim of this report was to investigate the possibility of doing that.  One of the possible methods, NCC Spuma, was tested in one of the facilities of Svenska Kraftnät. The environmental impact of NCC Spuma was assessed in a Life Cycle Analysis (LCA). NCC Spuma is a thermal method for weed management offered by NCC Roads. The weed control is carried out with hot water and isolating foam. The weed is killed because of the exposure to hot water and the foam prolongs the time the hot water can damage the weed. The foam is formed when an extract, glucopon 225 DK, is added to the hot water.A field experiment was carried out to compare the effects of NCC Spuma and Roundup bio and also evaluate the practical use of NCC Spuma in the facility. The test showed that the use of NCC Spuma resulted in the greatest reduction in weed coverage. However, the standard deviations were very high for all of the results and in order to get a better comparison between the methods more tests are needed. The precipitation during the summer was very low which resulted in low weed growth. This in combination with big variation in weed coverage between the test squares from the start, contributed to the big standard deviation. In order to learn more about the emission of greenhouse gases from NCC Spuma an LCA was carried out. The result showed that the total emission of greenhouse gas for treatment of one square meter one time corresponded to 119,5 g CO2-equivalents. The biggest contribution was from the heating of water because of the use of biodiesel, the contribution was 85 g/m2. The second biggest contribution was from the production of the raw materials to the extract, 29 g/m2. The emissions due to transportation and production of the extract were considerably smaller. To reduce the use of chemical pesticides there are a number of actions Svenska Kraftnät can take. First of all they can make sure that the use of Round up bio is carried out properly according to the instructions, that the dose is adjusted to the weed and that it is only used on surfaces with weed. This since Roundup bio cannot be used to prevent the emergence of new weeds. NCC Spuma could be an alternative to Roundup bio but first the challenges in range due to poles and equipment in the facility should be solved. The time consumption can be a problem especially in the bigger facilities. Other methods that Svenska Kraftnät possibly could use are preventing actions like weed barriers or plants that cover the ground, acetic acid could also be an alternative. In the existing guidelines for the weed management it is said that the surface should kept free from weeds. This is rarely achieved and a target or a threshold value for tolerable amount weed would help the contractor to determine when weed control is necessary.

Offshore oil and gas exploitation is principally conducted using dry or wet tree systems, otherwise called the subsea Xmas tree system. Due to the shift to deeper waters, subsea production system (SPS) has come to be a preferred technology with attendant economic benefits. At the centre of the SPS is the subsea control module (SCM), responsible for the proper functioning and monitoring of the entire system. With increasing search for hydrocarbons in deep and ultra-deepwaters, the SCM system faces important environmental, safety and reliability challenges and little research has been done in this area. Analysis of the SCM reliability then becomes very fundamental due to the huge cost associated with failure. Several tools are available for this analysis, but the FMECA stands out due to its ability to not only provide failure data, but also showcase the system’s failure modes and mechanisms associated with the subsystems and components being evaluated. However, the technique has been heavily challenged in various literatures for several reasons. To close this gap, a novel multi-criteria approach is developed for the analysis and ranking of the SCM failures modes. This research specifically focusses on subsea tree-mounted electro-hydraulic (E-H) SCM responsible for the underwater control of oil and gas production. A risk identification of the subsea control module is conducted using industry experts. This is followed by a comprehensive component based FMECA analysis of the SCM conducted with the conventional RPN technique, which reveals the most critical failure modes for the SCM. A novel framework is developed using multi-criteria fuzzy TOPSIS methodology and applied to the most critical failure modes obtained from the FMECA evaluation using unconventional parameters. Finally, a validation of these results is performed using a stochastic input evaluation and SCM failure data obtained from the offshore industry standard reliability database, OREDA.

In common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), the main seed storage pests are the bruchid beetles. Damage done to the seed by the larvae has a large impact on seed quality and yield. Arcelin (ARC), phytohaemagglutinin (PHA), and α-amylase inhibitor (α-AI) are linked seed storage proteins that form the APA locus on chromosome Pv04 and are associated with resistance. A major breeding objective is to introduce bruchid resistance into common bean from a resistant tepary genotype, G40199, by introgressing the resistant APA locus into susceptible common bean backgrounds. Here we developed a molecular marker that tracks the introgression. A set of PCR primers to the α-amylase inhibitor locus amplified a DNA fragment that showed a 45 base pair insertion in the middle of a lectin Leg_b domain. This enhanced locus characterization and insertion/deletion marker may preclude the need for bruchid resistance screening early in the breeding.
United States. Agency for International Development
United States. Global Hunger and Food Security Initiative (Cooperative Agreement No. EDH-A-00-07-00005-00)

Un atributo es cada una de las cualidades o propiedades de un producto o servicio. Cuando hablamos de un atributo crítico de la calidad nos referimos a las características del producto que tienen un impacto en la calidad y que deben ser estudiadas y controladas. Pueden ser propiedades o características físicas, químicas, biológicas o microbiológicas que deban mantenerse dentro de un límite, rango o distribución apropiado, para asegurar la calidad del producto deseada
En la industria farmoquímica, las trazas de impurezas metálicas elementales (IE), son un riesgo toxicológico por sí mismas y deben ser controladas atendiendo a las buenas prácticas de manufactura, para asegurar que los principios activos cumplan con los requisitos de seguridad y con las características de calidad y pureza que les son especificadas para poder vender los productos a otros países. Por esta razón, con un enfoque tecnológico, social, económico y ambiental se propuso desarrollar una metodología general para el análisis de las posibles impurezas elementales presentes en los API’s para asegurar el cumplimiento del producto de acuerdo a la ICH Q3D12 previo a la implementación del proceso.
Beca COMECyT

The present study investigates the fracture toughness of FSW X-80 HSLA steel welds. Weld cooling rate and peak temperature were varied among welds; indirectly manipulated through FSW travel speed, rpm, and weld preheat. Fracture toughness was tested according to ASTM 1820 standard along the weld centerline using surface-notched SEB specimen cooled to -40 °C. This study resulted in a reliable, repeatable process for generating friction stir welds with CTOD’s consistently above that of the original base metal. CTOD and microstructure of friction stir welds can be selected by controlling weld cooling rate and peak temperature. Material properties and microstructure similar to the original base metal can be recreated throughout the weld stir zone. CTOD of FSW X80 has a strong inverse linear correlation with post-weld cooling rate.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:23:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissRLA.pdf: 423500 bytes, checksum: 48847345bf5289e81fbcf58a5684edce (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004-12-17
Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos
The present work had as objective to investigate the participation of the mechanisms adrenergics of the medial preoptic area (APM) in the salivary secretion induced for the peripheral colinergic stimulation (pilocarpine injection). Holtzman rats had been used (280-320 g). A part of the animals suffered electrolytic lesion in the APM through the ticket from electric chain (1mA x 3x10s), to serve as control, and another part of the animals was submitted to the same procedures of cerebral surgery, except that it was not displayed to the electric chain ticket (SHAM). Animals that suffered the surgery from implant of cannulas guides in the APM for the injection of adrenergics agonists and antagonists were also used. The saliva was collected using previously weighted and inserted balls of cotton in the mouth of the animal that was under anesthesia with quetamina (1mg/mL/kg). Salivation was induced for intraperitoneal injection (IP) of pilocarpine (1mg/mL/kg). The APM lesion in such a way reduced peripheral the pilocarpine-induced salivation group that suffered APM lesion 24 hours before the experiment (APM lesion 340,7 ± 41,1 mg/7min, versus SHAM 428,4 ± 31,6 mg/7min) as much as in the group that suffered APM lesion 5 days before the experiment (APM lesion 310,2 ± 35,4 mg/7min, versus SHAM 494,9 ± 35,5 mg/7min). Reduction in the peripheral pilocarpine-induced salivation was not verified in those animals that had suffered APM lesion 15 days before the experiment (APM lesion 461,6 ± 81,4 mg/7min, versus SHAM 575,7 ± 34,9 mg/7min). The injection of noradrenaline (80 nmol/0,5µL) in the APM did not reduce the peripheral pilocarpine-induced salivation (NOR + Pilo 356,0 ± 36,0 mg/7min versus Saline + Pilo 475,0 ± 73,0 mg/7min). This same drug in the dose of 160 nmol/0,5 µL reduced the peripheral pilocarpine-induced salivation (NOR + Pilo 251,0 ± 50,0 mg/7min versus Saline + Pilo 468,0 ± 59,0 mg/7min). The inhibitory effect of the injection in the APM of noradrenaline (160 nmol/0,5µL) in the peripheral pilocarpine-induced salivation was not reduced by the previous injection of the antagonist of adrenoceptors α2, RX-821002 in the dose of 80 nmol/0,5µL (RX + NOR + Pilo 244,1 ± 29,2 mg/7 min, versus Saline + NOR + Pilo 202,3 ± 34,8 mg/7 min). On the other hand, this same drug injected in the dose of 160 nmol/0,5µL, partially reverted the inhibitory effect of the injection in the APM of noradrenalina (160 nmol/0,5µL) in the peripheral pilocarpine-induced salivation (RX + NOR + Pilo 329,9 ± 77,8 mg/7min, versus Saline + NOR + Pilo 148,2 ± 30,3 mg/7min). The RX- 821002 injected in the APM in the dose of 320 nmol/0,5µL, failed in showing the reversion of the inhibitory effect of the injection in the APM of noradrenaline (160nmol/0,5µL) in the peripheral pilocarpine-induced salivation (RX + NOR + 261,3 ± 18,9 mg/7min, versus Saline + NOR + Pilo 320,4 ± 30,2 mg/7min). The antagonist of adrenergics receptors α1, Prazosin, did not reveal efficient, therefore the inhibitory effect of the injection in the APM of noradrenaline (160 nmol/0,5µL) in the peripheral pilocarpine-induced salivation was not reduced by the previous injection of the adrenergic antagonist α1, Prazosin, in the dose of 160 nmol/0,5µL (Prazosin + NOR + Pilo 223,6 ± 35,8 mg/7min, versus Saline + NOR + Pilo 256,0 ± 58,5 mg/7min). The results show that the noradrenaline injected in the APM reduces the peripheral pilocarpine-induced salivation and this effect is reduced by the previous blockade of the receiving adrenergics α2 of the same area, suggesting to the existence of an adrenergic α2 inhibitory mechanism of the salivation in the APM.
O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar a participação dos mecanismos adrenérgicos da área preóptica medial (APM) na secreção salivar induzida pela estimulação colinérgica (injeção de pilocarpina) periférica. Foram utilizados Ratos Holtzman (280-320 g). Uma parte dos animais sofreu lesão na APM através da passagem de corrente elétrica (1mA x 3x10s), para servir de controle, uma outra parte dos animais foi submetida aos mesmos procedimentos de cirurgia cerebral, exceto que não foi exposta à passagem de corrente elétrica (lesão fictícia). Foram utilizados também animais que sofreram a cirurgia de implante de cânulas guia na APM para a injeção de agonistas e antagonistas adrenérgicos. A saliva foi coletada utilizando-se bolas de algodão previamente pesadas e inseridas na boca do animal que se encontrava sob anestesia por quetamina (1mg/mL/kg). A salivação foi induzida por injeção intraperitoneal (ip) de pilocarpina (1mg/mL/kg). A lesão da APM reduziu a salivação induzida por pilocarpina ip tanto no grupo que sofreu lesão da APM 24 horas antes do experimento (lesão APM 340,7 ± 41,1 mg/7min, vs. LF 428,4 ± 31,6 mg/7min) quanto no grupo que sofreu a lesão 5 dias antes do experimento (lesão APM 310,2 ± 35,4 mg/7min, vs. LF 494,9 ± 35,5 mg/7min). Não foi verificada redução na salivação induzida por pilocarpina ip nos animais que sofreram lesão 15 dias antes do experimento. (lesão APM 461,6 ± 81,4 mg/7min, vs. LF 575,7 ± 34,9 mg/7min). A injeção de noradrenalina (80 nmol/0,5µL) na APM não reduziu a salivação induzida por pilocarpina ip (NOR + Pilo 356,0 ± 36,0 mg/7min vs. Salina + Pilo 475,0 ± 73,0 mg/7min) Essa mesma droga na dose de 160 nmol/0,5µL reduziu a salivação induzida por pilocarpina ip (NOR + Pilo 251,0 ± 50,0 mg/7min vs. Salina + Pilo 468,0 ± 59,0 mg/7min). O efeito inibitório da injeção na APM de noradrenalina (160 nmol/0,5µL) na salivação induzida por pilocarpina ip não foi reduzido pela injeção prévia do antagonista de receptores adrenégicos α2, RX-821002 na dose de 80 nmol/0,5µL (RX + NOR + Pilo 244,1 ± 29,2 mg/7 min, vs. Salina + NOR + Pilo 202,3 ± 34,8 mg/7min). Já essa mesma droga injetada na dose de 160 nmol/0,5µL, reverteu parcialmente o efeito inibitório da injeção na APM de noradrenalina (160 nmol/0,5µL) na salivação induzida por pilocarpina ip (RX + NOR + Pilo 329,9 ± 77,8 mg/7 min, vs. Salina + NOR + Pilo 148,2 ± 30,3 mg/7min). O RX-821002 injetado na APM na dose de 320 nmol/0,5µL, falhou em mostrar a reversão do efeito inibitório da injeção também na APM de noradrenalina (160nmol/0,5µL) na salivação induzida por pilocarpina ip (RX + NOR + Pilo 261,3 ± 18,9 mg/7 min, vs. Salina + NOR + Pilo 320,4 ± 30,2 mg/7min). O antagonista de receptores adrenégicos α1, Prazosin, não se mostrou eficaz pois o efeito inibitório da injeção na APM de noradrenalina (160 nmol/0,5µL) na salivação induzida por pilocarpina ip não foi reduzido pela injeção prévia do antagonista adrenégico α1, Prazosin, na dose de 160 nmol/0,5µL (Prazosin + NOR + Pilo 223,6 ± 35,8 mg/7 min, vs. Salina + NOR + Pilo 256,0 ± 58,5 mg/7min). Os resultados mostram que a noradrenalina injetada na APM reduz a salivação induzida pela pilocarpina ip e que esse efeito é reduzido pelo bloqueio prévio dos receptores adrenérgicos α2 da mesma área, sugerindo a existência de um mecanismo adrenérgico α2 inibitório da salivação na APM.

Orientadora : Profª. Drª. Marcia Maria dos Santos Bortolocci Espejo
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Sociais Aplicadas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Contabilidade. Defesa: Curitiba, 2016
Inclui referências : f. 120-130
Área de concentração : Contabilidade e finanças
Resumo: A formação de aglomerados empresariais é uma proposta tratada na literatura como amplamente viável às organizações que buscam a continuidade de suas operações em ambientes dinâmicos. Essa configuração promove o fortalecimento de economias regionais, a cooperação entre os membros e o compartilhamento de elementos em comum, como funcionários, fornecedores e financiadores. Como consequência da interação existente no meio, entende-se que os arranjos produtivos locais (APL) apresentam diversas condições que os caracterizam como uma instituição. Sob o respaldo da Nova Sociologia Institucional, concebe-se que em ambientes institucionalizados existem pressões que atuam sobre o comportamento dos elementos do grupo, conduzindo-os a ações parametrizadas ao contexto. Desse modo, o pressuposto inicial dessa pesquisa assume que as empresas localizadas nesse ambiente comportam-se sob processos de imitação de práticas. No entanto, a comum abordagem institucional, centrada em destacar as estruturas racionais que esculpem o comportamento organizacional, por vezes ignora que a criação e, sobretudo, o gerenciamento de empresas se faz por meio de pessoas. Isso posto, essa pesquisa definiu objeto de estudo o gestor-empreendedor do negócio, aquele indivíduo fundador que investe e toma decisões no ambiente empresarial. Acredita-se que empreendedores possuem um perfil individualizado dos demais, com qualidades particulares e capacidade independente para traçar e definir os mecanismos empregados para seu suporte decisorial. Além disso, a área comportamental defende que o ser humano é racionalmente capaz de compreender seu conhecimento e optar pela melhor alternativa para a resolução de problemas, vertente que sugere que empreendedores podem ser menos vulneráveis à influência do ambiente e mais auto direcionados às vontades próprias. Diante dessas condições, essa pesquisa questionou-se se duas características peculiares do empreendedor (a orientação empreendedora e a metacognição) seriam capazes de influenciar as práticas gerenciais utilizadas em seu empreendimento, mesmo sendo ele inserido em um mesmo ambiente institucional, que em tese, adotaria comportamentos modelados por reprodução de ações. Oportunamente utilizou-se da grande discussão sobre a complexidade de interpretação e desuso dos relatórios gerenciais para refletir sobre a existência de controles internos alternativos e simplificados com função similar aos preconizados teoricamente. Esses instrumentos foram denominados na presente pesquisa como proxies de controle gerencial e, operacionalmente, seriam práticas diárias empregadas no planejamento, execução e monitoramento das atividades empresariais que não são formalmente validadas pela teoria. Isso posto, a investigação realizou-se com o APL de confecção localizado no noroeste do Paraná (cidades de Cianorte e Maringá), por meio da aplicação in loco de um questionário com 121 gestores-empreendedores de indústrias do setor. A técnica aplicada na análise dos efeitos das variáveis relativas ao perfil do empreendedor sobre o uso de controles internos informais foi a modelagem de equações estruturais, sendo complementarmente apurada a capacidade de interação no distrito empresarial por meio da análise fatorial confirmatória (CFA). Os resultados da pesquisa permitem inferir que é possível que as características comportamentais do indivíduo influenciem nas práticas de gestão aplicadas no empreendimento, mesmo sendo ele inserido em um ambiente institucional. A orientação empreendedora foi capaz de predizer diretamente cerca de 38% do uso de controles gerenciais nos empreendimentos e 14% da performance empresarial. Esses achados ressaltam que, diferentemente do famoso tabu de que empreendedores são avessos ao emprego de instrumentos gerenciais e agem maiormente por intuição, existe uma significativa receptividade às práticas de controle gerencial. Entende-se que a utilidade desses artefatos seja uma condição implícita e colaborativa para o suporte decisorial no empreendimento, uma vez que o processo gerir um negócio para empreendedores pode envolver o equilíbrio entre a emoção do instinto empreendedor versus a razão manifestada nos relatórios de internos. Em adição, observou-se que as dimensões da orientação empreendedora do gestor exercem efeito no desempenho das atividades, porém em menor grau. Assume-se que elementos como autonomia, agressividade competitiva, propensão a assumir riscos, proatividade e inovação impulsionam o uso de estratégias eficazes na gestão, porém tornam-se menos eficazes para o desempenho organizacional se não são acompanhados do suporte oferecido pelos controles gerenciais. Face a essa condição entende-se que a possibilidade de projetar situações operacionais por meio desses artefatos podem ratificar o incipiente "feeling" do empresário. A metacognição, por sua vez, não suportou os efeitos empregados no modelo, porém acredita-se que algumas condições do ambiente do APL não levantadas na pesquisa influenciariam um comportamento parametrizado quanto a forma de guiar suas ações, como exemplo as condições de lucratividade do setor nessa região. Nesse sentido, a inserção de indivíduos no mesmo ambiente, guiados por um mesmo instinto, e sob as mesmas pressões situacionais poderiam estabilizar o conhecimento sobre as ações a serem adotadas. Por fim, um diagnóstico bastante interessante foi observado, embora a literatura pregue com frequência a caracterização do ambiente em estudo como uma instituição, os indicadores apurados não convergiram a mensuração de um coeficiente representativo na análise fatorial confirmatória. Acredita-se que possam existir outros aspectos que conduzem as empresas a organizarem-se nessa conjuntura territorial, como exemplo, benefícios econômicos.
Abstract: The formation of business clusters is a proposal treated in the literature as amply practicable to organizations seeking the continuity of its operations in dynamic environments. This configuration promotes the strengthening of regional economies, cooperation among the members and share common elements, such as employees, suppliers and financiers. As a result of interplay in the middle, it is understood that the local clusters (APL) present a number of conditions that characterize as an institution. Under the support of the New Institutional Sociology, it is conceived that in institutionalized environments there are pressures that act on the behavior of group members, leading them to parameterized actions to the context. Thus, the initial assumption of this research assumes that businesses located in this environment behave under realistic imitation processes. However, the common institutional approach focused on highlighting the rational structures that sculpt organizational behavior sometimes ignores the creation and, above all, the management companies is done through people. That said, this research object of study defined the manager-entrepreneur business, that founder individual who invests and takes decisions in the business environment. It is believed that entrepreneurs have an individualized profile of the others, with particular qualities and independent capacity to trace and define the mechanisms used for your decisorial support. Additionally, behavioral area argues that the human being is rationally able to understand their knowledge and choose the best alternative for solving problems, dimension suggesting that entrepreneurs may be less vulnerable to the influence of the environment and more self-directed to own wills. Faced with these conditions, this research questioned if two peculiar characteristics of the entrepreneur (entrepreneurial orientation and metacognition) would be able to influence the management practices used in their enterprise, even though he inserted in the same institutional environment, which in theory, would adopt behaviors modeled for reproduction actions. Opportunely was used the big discussion about the complexity of interpretation and disuse of management reports to reflect on the existence of alternative internal controls and simplified with a similar function to the recommended theoretically. These instruments were named in this research as a management control proxies and, operationally, would be daily practices used in the planning, execution and monitoring of business activities that are not formally validated by theory. Thus, the investigation was conducted with the confection APL located in the northwest of Paraná (cities of Cianorte and Maringá), through the attendance application of a questionnaire with 121 entrepreneurs-managers sector industries. The technique applied in the analysis of the effects of the variables on the entrepreneur's profile on the use of informal internal controls was the structural equation modeling, in addition being determined interaction capacity in the business district through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The research results allow us to infer that it is possible that the behavioral characteristics of the individual influence the management practices applied in the enterprise, even though it entered into an institutional environment. The entrepreneurial orientation was able to directly predict about 38% of the use of management controls in the enterprises and 14% of corporate performance. These findings point out that, unlike the famous conception that entrepreneurs are loathe to the use of management tools and act most keenly by intuition, there is a significant receptivity to management control practices. It is understood that the usefulness of these artifacts is an implicit and collaborative condition for decisorial support in the enterprise, since the process run a business for entrepreneurs can involve the balance between the entrepreneurial instincts emotions versus reason manifested in internal reports. In addition, it was observed that the dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation manager have an effect on the performance of activities, but to a lesser degree. It is assumed that elements such as autonomy, competitive aggressiveness, propensity to take risks, proactivity and innovation affect the use of effective strategies in management but become less effective for organizational performance if they are not accompanied by the support offered by the management controls. Given this condition is understood that the possibility of designing operational situations through these artifacts can ratify the incipient "feeling" of the entrepreneur. The metacognition, in turn, did not support the effects used in the model, but it is believed that some conditions APL environmental not in the survey influence a parameterized behavior in the order to guide their actions, for example the sector's profitability conditions in this region. In this sense, the inclusion of individuals in the same environment, guided by the same instinct, and under the same situational pressures could stabilize the knowledge of the actions taken. Finally, there was a very interesting diagnosis, although the literature describe the environment studied as an institution, not convergent measurement indicators representative of a coefficient in the confirmatory factor analysis calculated. It is believed that there may be other aspects that lead companies to organize this local context, for example, economic benefits.

Le contexte général dans lequel s'inscrivent les travaux développés dans ce mémoire est le contrôle des processus industriels complexes. Ces travaux proposent des nouvelles techniques d'amélioration du contrôle statistique des processus non gaussiens : la carte de contrôle avec des paramètres variables et la carte de contrôle théorique pour la loi de distribution de Rayleigh. Un modèle d'intégration des outils des domaines de l'APC ( Automatic Process Control ) et de la MSP est proposée et ensuite analysée par le biais des deux modèles de processus réel.

Cardiovascular complications associated with elevated levels of glucose in the blood (Hyperglycemia, HG) is a growing health concern. HG is known to be associated with a variety of cardiovascular morbidities including higher incidence of electrical disturbances. Although effects of chronic HG have been widely investigated, electrophysiological effects of acute hyperglycemia are relatively less known. Further, hyperglycemic effects on adrenergic response is not widely investigated. We used excised ventricular tissues from mice to record trans-membrane potentials during a variety of pacing protocols to investigate cellular/tissue level electrophysiological effects of acute hyperglycemia and adrenergic stimulation (1µM Isoproterenol, a β-adrenergic agonist). A custom program was used to compute action potential durations (APD), maximal rates of depolarization (dv/dtmax), and action potential amplitudes (APA) from the recorded trans-membrane potentials. From these computed measures, electrical restitution and alternans threshold were quantified. Restitution was quantified using the Standard Protocol (SP; basic cycle length BCL= 200ms), Dynamic Protocol (DP; 200-40ms or until blockade) and a novel diastolic interval (DI) control protocol with Sinusoidal Changes in DI. Results from 6 mice show that acute hyperglycemia causes prolongation of the APD. Effects of adrenergic stimulation during acute hyperglycemia were partially blunted compared with non-hyperglycemic state, i.e. hyperglycemia minimized the decrease in APD that was produced by adrenergic stimulation. Similar, but less consistent (across animals) effects were seen in other electrophysiological parameters such as alternans threshold. These results show that acute hyperglycemia may itself alter cellular level electrophysiology of myocytes and importantly, modify adrenergic response. These results suggest that in addition to long term re-modeling that occurs in diabetes, acute changes in glucose levels also affect electrical function and further may contribute to systemically observed changes in diabetes by blunting adrenergic response. Therefore, further investigation into the electrophysiological effects of acute changes in glucose levels are warranted.

Vid en brand på byggarbetsplatsen finns det risk för personskador, skador på egendom och att byggproduktionen hamnar i ett driftstopp som kan bli kostsamt. Det finns brister vid planeringen av brandskyddet under byggtid (BUB) och vid olika arbetsmoment på byggarbetsplatsen. Planeringen av BUB behöver förbättras utefter hur en byggarbetsplats, och således brandrisker, förändras under byggproduktionen. Ett förslag på hur detta skulle kunna förbättras är att BUB är med i produktionsplaneringen och redovisas på arbetsplatsdispositionsplaner (APD-planer). Arbetsmoment som kan vara en brandrisk borde också planeras tillsammans med BUB för en brandsäkrare byggarbetsplats. Brandskyddsprojektering är idag till stor del inte inkluderat i det digitala arbetssättet som Building Information Modeling (BIM) innebär. Att brandkonsulten inte är med och arbetar i BIM leder till att de fördelar som finns med samverkan mellan olika discipliner inte kan utnyttjas. Den forskning som finns rörande brandskydd i BIM idag fokuserar på projektering av den färdiga byggnaden och hur brandskydd ska kunna inkluderas i BIM. Det finns idag ingen forskning som berör både brandskydd på byggarbetsplatsen och BIM-projektering av byggarbetsplatsen. Detta leder till ett kunskapsglapp mellan BIM som arbetssätt på byggarbetsplatsen och planering av BUB. På grund av de påträffade problemområdena syftade studien till att undersöka förbättringsmöjligheter för brandskyddet under byggtid. Detta genom att kartlägga förutsättningar och tillämpbara områden där BUB kan inkluderas i arbetet med APD-planer och tidsberoende BIM-modeller. Målet med studien var att framta ett underlag till framtida arbetsmetoder där BUB, APD-planer och BIM på byggarbetsplatser används tillsammans. För att uppfylla syftet utfördes en litteraturstudie och en intervjustudie. Litteraturstudien gjordes för att granska publicerat material rörande BUB, byggarbetsplatsplanering med APD-planer samt BIM på byggarbetsplatsen och BIM med hänsyn till brandskydd. Intervjustudien gjordes för att få en inblick i hur personer använder sig av BUB, APD-planer och BIM på byggarbetsplatser (i praktiken). Den information som framkom från teoretisk kunskap och praktiska erfarenheter analyserades för att kartlägga förutsättningar och tillämpbara områden där BUB kan inkluderas i arbetet med APD-planer och tidsberoende BIM-modeller. Detta för att kunna överbrygga gapet som finns mellan BUB, APD-planer och användandet av BIM på byggarbetsplatser. De identifierade områden som framtagits är planering, kommunikation samt kontroll och uppföljning. För att kunna arbeta med BUB och skedesstyrda APD-planer i BIM inom de identifierade områdena finns det krav på vissa grundläggande förutsättningar. För att kunna ta fram APD-planer och göra dessa skedesstyrda i BIM-modellen krävs det utbildning för att få nödvändig kunskap och kompetens hos både projekteringen och produktionen. Det kommer också krävas ett tidigt samarbete mellan produktionen och projekteringen för att täcka alla kompetensområden som behövs vid planering av produktionen av en byggnad med BIM. För att kunna projektera APD-planer i BIM är det även en förutsättning att alla discipliner arbetar i BIM-modellen. Saknas det information, exempelvis landskap, går det inte att göra fullständiga APD-planer över byggområdet i BIM. Att ta fram skedesstyrda APD-planer där BUB inkluderas i en BIM-modell har i denna studie visat sig vara fördelaktigt inom flera områden. Att planera BUB tillsammans med APD-planer ivgör att brandskyddet på byggarbetsplatsen kan planeras med hänsyn till produktionen och att kraven går att genomföra utan att produktionen blir lidande. Med skedesstyrda APD-planer i en BIM-modell blir det möjligt att visualisera förändringarna på byggarbetsplatsen och på så vis även förutspå vilka brandrisker som uppkommer under olika skeden i byggnationen. BUB inkluderat i en BIM-modell kan vara ett verktyg för att förbättra kommunikationen på byggarbetsplatsen. Detta genom att informationen som läggs in blir mer projektspecifik vilket leder till att BUB blir lättare att förmedla, tydligare att följa och mer förståelig. Med bättre information och ökad kunskap om BUB kan kontroll och uppföljning utföras effektivare och därmed förbättra brandskyddet genom att kontrollerna utförs med en högre kvalité. Detta ger förhoppningen om att brandskydd under byggtid blir en större del av planering och projektering av byggarbetsplatsen samt leder till en säkrare byggarbetsplats.
In case of a fire at a construction site there is a risk of personal injury, property damage and stop in the building production that may be costly. There are shortcomings in the planning of fire safety at the construction site and at different construction methods. The planning of fire safety at construction sites are also in need of improvements according to how a construction site, and thus risks of fire, change during construction production. This by planning the fire safety along with the production of the building and that the fire safety is presented on workplace disposition plans. Fire protection design is mostly not included in the digital work method that Building Information Modeling (BIM) implies. The fact that the fire consultant is not involved with and works in BIM means that the benefits of collaboration between different disciplines cannot be utilized. The research on fire protection in BIM today focuses on the design of the completed building and how fire protection can be included in BIM. There is currently no research regarding both fire safety at the construction site and BIM modelling of the construction site. This leads to a gap between BIM as a working method at the construction site and the planning of fire safety. Because of mentioned problem areas, the study’s purpose was to investigate improvements for fire safety on construction sites. This by mapping out conditions and applicable areas where fire safety can be included in the planning of workplace disposition plans in time-dependent BIM models. The aim of the study was to provide a basis for future work methods in which fire safety, workplace disposition plans and BIM at construction sites are used together. To fulfill the purpose, a literature study and an interview study were conducted. The literature study was conducted to review published material regarding fire safety, construction site planning with workplace disposition plans, BIM at the construction site and BIM with fire safety design. Interviews were conducted to gain an insight into how people use fire safety documents, workplace disposition plans and BIM on construction sites (in practice). The information derived from theoretical knowledge and practical experience was analyzed to map the conditions and applicable areas where fire safety can be included in the planning of workplace disposition plans and time-dependent BIM models. This to bridge the gap between fire safety, workplace disposition plans and the use of BIM on construction sites. The identified areas that have been established are planning, communication and control and follow-up. To be able to work with fire safety and workplace disposition plans in time-dependent BIM model within the identified areas, there are some basic conditions that needs to be fulfilled. To be able to develop workplace disposition plans and make these time-dependent in the BIM model, education is needed to get the necessary knowledge and skills in both the design and production. There also needs to be an early collaboration between production and design to cover all areas of expertise needed in planning the production of a building with BIM. To be able to design workplace disposition plans in BIM, it is also a prerequisite that all disciplines work in the BIM model. If there is no information, such as information of the landscape, it is not possible to complete workplace disposition plans over the whole construction site in BIM. To develop time-dependent workplace disposition plans where fire safety are included in a BIM model, this study has proven to be beneficial in several areas. Planning the fire safety together with workplace disposition plans allows the fire protection at the construction site to be planned viregarding production and that the fire safety requirements can be implemented without the production being compromised. Time-dependent workplace disposition plans in a BIM model make it possible to visualize the changes at the construction site, thus predicting fire risks during different stages of the construction. Fire safety included in a BIM model can be a tool for improving communication at the construction site. This is because the information about the fire safety on construction sites inserted becomes more project-specific, which means that the information about the fire safety requirements can be easier to convey, clearer to follow and more understandable. With better information and increased knowledge about fire safety on construction sites, control and follow-up can be performed more effectively and therefore improving the fire safety by performing the controls with a higher quality. This gives the hope that fire protection during construction will be a major part of planning and designing the construction site and that this will lead to a safer construction site.

The aim of this work is to describe current opportunities of in-browser encryption and focus on usage of new emerging standard Web Cryptography API. By using these new technologies we going to design and implements software library enabling authorized access to web pages or their part by cryptography.

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FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA E AO DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTIFICO E TECNOLÓGICO DO MARANHÃO
This study regards the sustainable development of the types of palms from Protection Environment Area (APA) in Baixada Maranhense, in the handcraft production of geotextile that has been used in the rehabilitation of some degraded areas by erosion and helps to involve the local poor community, as well as those people who work with handcraft and extraction activities of those plants. It has been carried out bibliography and cartography surveys, questionnaires that were filled, in order to assess the extraction and production of mats and tests of the effectiveness of the geotextile, through an experimental station. The species selected: babaçu, buriti, carnauba, and tucum, are appropriate to this new way of use, observing the limits that those plants and their environment demand, to have an activity that has the goal of the social economic environmental sustainability.
O estudo aborda o uso sustentável de espécies de palmeiras da APA da Baixada Maranhense, na produção artesanal de geotêxteis utilizadas na recuperação de áreas degradadas por erosão, propondo o envolvimento de comunidades carentes das áreas degradadas, bem como daquelas que trabalham com atividades artesanais e extrativistas com essas plantas. Foram realizados levantamentos bibliográficos e cartográficos, elaboração e aplicação de formulários para avaliação da extração e produção das telas e testes de eficiência das geotêxteis, através de uma estação experimental. As espécies selecionadas: babaçu, buriti, carnaúba e tucum, cujas características são favoráveis a essa nova categoria de uso, desde que respeitados os limites impostos, pela planta e seu ambiente, para que se tenha uma atividade que vise a sustentabilidade sócio-ambiental e econômica.

With the continuum growth of Internet connected devices, the scalability of the protocols used for communication between them is facing a new set of challenges. In robotics these communications protocols are an essential element, and must be able to accomplish with the desired communication. In a context of a multi-­‐‑agent platform, the main types of Internet communication protocols used in robotics, mission planning and task allocation problems will be revised. It will be defined how to represent a message and how to cope with their transport between devices in a distributed environment, reviewing all the layers of the messaging process. A review of the ROS platform is also presented with the intent of integrating the already existing communication protocols with the ServRobot, a mobile autonomous robot, and the DVA, a distributed autonomous surveillance system. This is done with the objective of assigning missions to ServRobot in a security context.

The proposed case study takes a satellite control application as system under test and entails extending a simple simulator for the system component this application interacts with. Atop of these shall be developed test procedures to study whether there are practical limitations of using simple procedures to test complex interactions between the satellite control application and its simulated environment. The objective of the proposed work is to define a test frontend API that enables simple test procedures while providing all the means required to test complex machine-to-machine (M2M) interactions, having the system under test (SUT) hard real-time characteristics.
O caso de estudo proposto toma uma aplicação de controlo de um satélite como um sistema a ser testado e implica a extensão de um simulador simples para o componente do sistema com o qual esta aplicação interage. Em cima destes devem ser desenvolvidos procedimentos de teste para estudar se há limitações práticas ao usar procedimentos simples para testar interações complexas entre a aplicação de controlo do satélite e o ambiente simulado. O objetivo do trabalho proposto é definir uma API de teste que possibilite procedimentos de teste simples e forneça todos os meios necessários para testar interações complexas máquina a máquina, tendo o sistema sob teste características de tempo real.
Mestrado em Engenharia Eletrónica e Telecomunicações

Dissertação de mestrado em Engenharia de Sistemas
As empresas industriais enfrentam ambientes de produção cada vez mais difíceis e complexos. Fatores externos à empresa, como variações ao nível dos produtos e das quantidades solicitadas, bem como fatores internos, decorrentes de avarias, setups e tempos de processamento variáveis, entre outros, representam grandes desafios para o Controlo da Atividade de Produção (PAC – Production Activity Control). Lidar com estes aspetos de dinâmica e complexidade ao nível do PAC é crucial para a eficiência dos sistemas de produção. No entanto, os métodos correntemente utilizados baseados em abordagens centralizadas de planeamento nem sempre são adequados para lidar com ambientes de produção complexos e dinâmicos. O controlo autónomo da produção (APC - Autonomous Production Control) representa uma alternativa que visa melhorar o desempenho dos sistemas de produção pela reação rápida e flexível às mudanças ou alterações que possam ocorrer nos sistemas de produção. Para tal o APC transfere o poder de decisão para objetos logísticos (e.g., máquinas, transportadores, trabalho, etc.) “inteligentes” e distribuídos. No âmbito deste trabalho são estudados dois métodos para o controlo autónomo da produção, QLE (Queue Lenght Estimator) e PHE (Pheromones), em diferentes ambientes produtivos. É também proposta uma nova regra de despacho, baseada numa regra existente, para a sequenciação dos trabalhos em fila de espera das máquinas. Os métodos para o controlo autónomo da produção foram testados usando a simulação discreta, com vista a melhor perceber o seu comportamento, procurando encontrar formas de melhorar o seu desempenho. Os resultados obtidos mostram um desempenho superior do método QLE, nos diferentes ambientes produtivos considerados. Os resultados mostram ainda que é possível melhorar o desempenho deste método pela inclusão de informação relativa a avarias e a tempos restantes de processamento (no momento da decisão) no processo de tomada de decisão. Os resultados obtidos mostram ainda que a regra de despacho proposta tem um desempenho superior ao das restantes, com as quais foi comparada. O estudo realizado tem importantes implicações para a prática industrial e para a investigação nesta área.
Industrial companies face even more difficult and complex production environments. Factors external to the company, such as variations in the products and quantities requested, as well as internal factors, due to failures, setups and variable processing times, among others, represent major challenges for the Production Activity Control (PAC). To deal with these dynamic and complex aspects it is crucial the use of PAC to have a good efficiency in production systems. However, the methods currently used are based on centralized planning approaches and are not always adequate to deal with complex and dynamic production environments. Autonomous Production Control (APC) is an alternative that aims to improve the performance of production systems by rapid and flexible reaction to changes that may occur in production systems. To this end, the APC transfers the power of decision to logistic objects (e.g., machines, conveyors, orders, etc.) "intelligent" and distributed. In this work two methods for the independent control of production, QLE (Queue Lenght Estimator) and PHE (Pheromones), are studied in different productive environments. A new dispatch rule, based on an existing rule, is also proposed for the sequential queuing jobs of the machines. The methods for autonomous production control were tested using discrete simulation to better understand their behavior, looking for ways to improve their performance. The results show a superior performance of the QLE method, in the different productive environments considered. The results also show that it is possible to improve the performance of this method by including information regarding failures and remaining processing times (at the time of decision) in the decision-making process. The results also show that the proposed dispatch rule performs better than the others, with which it was compared. The study has important implications for industrial practice and for research in this area.

The demand for control systems that are highly capable of driving solid-state optoelectronic devices has significantly increased with the advancement of their efficiency and elevation of their current consumption. This work presents a closed-loop control system that is based on a microcontroller embedded system capable of driving high power optoelectronic devices. In this version of the system, the device in the center of control is a high-power red, green, and blue light emitting diode package. The system features a graphical user interface, namely an Android mobile phone application, in which the user can easily use to vary the light color and intensity of the light-emitting device wirelessly via Bluetooth. Included in the system is a feedback mechanism constituted by a red, green, and blue color sensor through which the user can use to observe feedback color information about the emitted light. The system has many commercial application including in-door lighting and research application including plant agriculture research fields.

碩士
國立清華大學
電機工程學系
95
This thesis presents the development of a single-stage flyback switch-mode rectifier (SMR) and performs the comparative study of two current-mode control approaches. The general issues concerning power quality, survey of existing SMR circuits and current mode control methods are first explored. Then the analysis, design, implementation and control of a flyback SMR under discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) are made. For facilitating the circuit component design, the ratings of flyback SMR circuit components are derived in detail. As to the dynamic control studies, the average current control using switch current is first made. Then a varying-frequency charge-regulated approach is developed. Wherein the switch turn-on time is fixed and the off time instant is determined by the low-pass filtered switch current and the current command generated from the outer voltage loop. No dynamic current control and slope compensation are needed. The proposed control scheme possesses the advantages of having dispersedly distributed harmonic spectrum, robust current tracking control, ease of implementation using off-the-shelf integrated circuits, etc. In voltage control loop, the dynamic model is estimated. Then the quantitative feedback controller design is performed by the developed design procedure. Some simulated and experimental results are given to demonstrate the performance of the established SMRs and the effectiveness of the developed control methods.

碩士
義守大學
機械與自動化工程學系碩士班
94
The purpose of this research is to design an automatic irrigating system using a PC-based control algorithm. The environment parameters considered in this study involve: temperature, humidity, intensify of sunshine, and the characteristics of common plants. The irrigating system consists of three sub-systems: a control system, an irrigating device, and an operating interface. A user’s operating interface is installed in a personal computer which connects to a programmable logic controller. The irrigating system is designed to respond to any variation of environmental signals. As compared to simulated signals, real environmental signals result in a similar result using this control system. The ultimate good of this research, other then to propose a practical application of the automatic irrigating system, is to provide future researchers with a platform on the study of other PC-based control systems.