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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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1

Klein, Gudrun. "Künstler und Künstlerin in ihrer Lebenswelt : zum Verhältnis von Kunst und Realität in drei Romanen Angus Wilsons /." St. Ingbert : W. J. Röhrig, 1990. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35708148g.

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2

Van, Wilgenburg Ellen. "Evolutionary significance of polydomy in the meat ant Iridomyrmex purpureus /." Connect to thesis, 2006. http://eprints.unimelb.edu.au/archive/0002248.

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3

Umphrey, Gary John Carleton University Dissertation Biology. "Differentiation of sibling species in the ant genus Aphaenogaster; karyotypic, electrophoretic, and morphometric investigations of the Fulva-Rudis-Texana complex." Ottawa, 1992.

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4

Tyrpak, Alex Marcus. "How ant communities are shaped by vacant land management strategies, landscape context, and a legacy of industrialization." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1594477507523544.

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5

Serna-Cardona, Francisco Javier. "Revision of the ant genus Procryptocerus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae: Cephalotini)." To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2009. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.

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6

McPhee, Katherine E. "Interactions between Homoptera and the European Red Ant, Myrmica rubra (L.) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), on Mount Desert Island, Maine." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2008. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/McPheeKE2008.pdf.

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7

Angus, Daniel John. "Niching ant colony optimisation." Swinburne Research Bank, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.3/36804.

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Thesis (Ph.D) - Swinburne University of Technology, Faculty of Information & Communication Technologies, Complex Intelligent Systems Laboratory, 2008.
Submitted in partial fulfilment for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, Complex Intelligent Systems Laboratory, Faculty of Information and Communication Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, 2008. Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (p. 169.181).
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8

Gunawardene, Nihara. "Arid zone ant communities of Western Australia." Thesis, Curtin University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1178.

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This thesis is prepared in three parts; the first part is a study of the ant species of the southern Carnarvon Basin, which was undertaken in order to determine the patterns of ant species distribution in this arid zone area. The distribution patterns were looked at in terms of biogeographical regions and they demonstrated the transitional nature of this particular area. Recommendations to alter the border between the South-west Province and the Eremaean Province were supported. The next chapter of this thesis analysed ant species from long unburnt and burnt areas of three main vegetation types (two Triodia species grasslands and Acacia aneura woodlands) in the Gibson Desert Nature Reserve. This study was carried out to observe the recovery of ant populations after fire. The results provided further evidence that invertebrates are measurably impacted by fire in the arid zone. The final chapter is a comparison of these two arid zone studies with six other ant community studies from throughout Western Australia. It demonstrated the uniqueness of some arid zone sites as well as related each study to each other according to their ant communities.
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9

Morgan, Cynthia Ellen. "Revision of the ant genus Crematogaster (Hymenoptera : Formicidae) in North America." To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2009. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.

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10

Morris, John R. (John Robert) 1949. "Biological Control of the Red Imported Fire Ant by the Entomopathogenic Nematode, Steinernema Carpocapsae (Weiser)." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1989. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500266/.

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Field trials were conducted in 1988 to evaluate the effectiveness of Steinernema (=Neoaplectana) carpocapsae (Weiser) in controlling the fire ant. Infective juveniles (IJ) of the nematode were applied as drench on 235 and 422 mounds, respectively for 2-month summer and 6-week fall evaluation periods. In comparative trials, amidinohydrazone (Amdro) was applied to 249 (summer) and 65 (fall) active mounds, with 245 (summer) and 78 (fall) untreated active as controls. Nematode treatments resulted in an average of 47% control (Abbott's formula) in summer trials and 19-88% control in the fall trials, compared with 39% and 47% control, respectively with amidinohydrazone. Active mounds treated with nematodes or amidinohydrazone had significantly fewer individuals than control mounds in summer trials.
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11

Louzada, Heloisa Olivi. "Contrastes na cena artística paulistana: MAC USP e MAM SP nos anos 1970." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/93/93131/tde-18112013-173923/.

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A arte brasileira durante a década de 1970 se destacou pelo alto grau de experimentalismo e de contestação aos cânones tanto artísticos como museológicos. As exposições anuais Panorama da Arte Atua Brasileira e Jovem Arte Contemporânea, organizadas respectivamente pelo Museu de Arte Moderna de São Paulo e pelo Museu de Arte Contemporânea da Universidade de São Paulo, se dedicaram a expor e legitimar determinadas tendências da arte dita jovem e atual durante esse período. A análise comparativa proposta por essa pesquisa revela e discute os mecanismos de seleção, organização, premiação e apresentação de obras em ambas as exposições. O foco da pesquisa dá-se no ano de 1972, momento em que a edição da Jovem Arte Contemporânea apresenta grandes inovações, ano de intenso crescimento do mercado de artes paulistano, auge da repressão militar e em que o Panorama discute as categorias escultura e objeto. Buscou-se analisar as exposições dentro desse contexto maior, apontando como referências os encontros internacionais de diretores de museus e outras exposições paradigmáticas para o período realizadas na Europa e na América Latina.
Brazilian art from the 1970s is known for its high degree of experimentation and for challenging both artistic and museological canons. The annual exhibitions Panorama da Arte atual Brasileira and Jovem Arte Contemporânea, organized respectively by the Museum of Modern Art of São Paulo and the Museum of Contemporary Art of the University of São Paulo, are dedicated to exposing and legitimizing certain art trends during this period. The comparative analysis proposed by this research reveals and discusses the mechanisms of selection, organization, and presentation works in both exhibitions. The focus of the research takes place in 1972, when the show Jovem Arte Contemporânea presents major innovations and the Panorama discusses sculpture and object categories, the year is also marked by intense growth of the a São Paulo art market, the increase of military repression. We sought to examine the exhibitions within this larger context, taking as references the discussions that occurred in the international encounters of museums directors, and also other paradigmatic exhibitions for the period held in Europe and Latin America.
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12

Gunawardene, Nihara. "Arid zone ant communities of Western Australia." Curtin University of Technology, Department of Environmental Biology, 2003. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=16212.

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This thesis is prepared in three parts; the first part is a study of the ant species of the southern Carnarvon Basin, which was undertaken in order to determine the patterns of ant species distribution in this arid zone area. The distribution patterns were looked at in terms of biogeographical regions and they demonstrated the transitional nature of this particular area. Recommendations to alter the border between the South-west Province and the Eremaean Province were supported. The next chapter of this thesis analysed ant species from long unburnt and burnt areas of three main vegetation types (two Triodia species grasslands and Acacia aneura woodlands) in the Gibson Desert Nature Reserve. This study was carried out to observe the recovery of ant populations after fire. The results provided further evidence that invertebrates are measurably impacted by fire in the arid zone. The final chapter is a comparison of these two arid zone studies with six other ant community studies from throughout Western Australia. It demonstrated the uniqueness of some arid zone sites as well as related each study to each other according to their ant communities.
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Pettersson, Lars, and Johansson Christoffer Lundell. "Ant Colony Optimization - Optimal Number of Ants." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-229764.

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The focus of this thesis paper is to study the impact the number of ants has on the found solution of the Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) metaheuristic when solving the Traveling Salesman Problem. The goal was to find out how the length of the computed tours change for different amounts of ants within a limited number of iterations. To study this, three well known versions of the ACO algorithm were implemented and tested: Min-Max Ant System (MMAS), Elitist Ant System (EliteAS) and Ranked Ant System (RankedAS). The results showed trends that were consistent over several test cases. EliteAS and RankedAS which both utilize specialist ants showed clear signs that the number of specialists had a large influence on the length of solutions. Meanwhile, normal ants did not affect the solutions as much. MMAS and EliteAS only had a small variation on the answer, with lower amount of ants being more favorable. On the other hand, RankedAS performed better by a large margin when working with five specialists and a number of ants equaling the number of cities in the problem.
Målet med denna rapport var att studera hur antalet myror som används av Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) påverkar resultatet vid lö- sandet av Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP). Hur ändras lösningens längd med olika antal myror, när antalet iterationer som får användas är begränsat? För att få fram ett svar på frågan implementerades och testades tre välkända ACO algoritmer: Min-Max Ant System (MMAS), Elitist Ant System (EliteAS) och Ranked Ant System (RankedAS). Efter implementering och utförlig testning så uppdagades trender som var konsistenta över flera testfall. För EliteAS och RankedAS, som bå- da förlitar sig på specialiserade myror, hade antalet specialister en stor påverkan på den funna längden. Normala myror hade istället en liten påverkan på slutresultatet. För MMAS och EliteAS så var skillnaden minimal, med en viss favör mot ett lägre antal myror. RankedAS hade en motsatt trend och hade bäst resultat med fem specialister och lika många normala myror som antalet städer i TSP instansen.
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Tranter, Christopher. "Defending the fortress : comparative studies of disease resistance in ant societies." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2015. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/59312/.

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Parasites represent a considerable and ubiquitous threat to organisms, and studies of host-parasite interactions can demonstrate important insights into key biological processes. Identification and quantification of host defences and their role in parasite resistance is an important part of understanding these effects. Additionally, life-history traits can have significant effects on host-parasite interactions. For example, living in groups has many benefits, but also may have associated costs in terms of increased parasite transmission. Thus group-living animals may be predicted to invest heavily in disease resistance strategies, though which may depend on each species' parasite pressure. Social insects, and ants in particular, are an ideal model with which to test these evolutionary and ecological hypotheses, as they possess an array of mechanisms to defend themselves against disease and have highly diverse life-histories. However, previous studies into disease resistance tend to have been performed on single species, often looking at just single measures of investment of defence. In this thesis I explore the comparative importance of disease resistance in different ant species. I show that ants possess a variety of defence mechanisms to protect themselves against the threat of parasites and demonstrate how investment into these important defences can vary between individuals and species, and may depend on context, type of parasite, and life-history of the host. Work such as this, demonstrating the costs of individual components of disease resistance in multiple species, is important in developing our understanding of how changes in parasite pressures can influence host biology and how organisms can survive in a world abundant with parasites.
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15

Wittman, Sarah. "Ant Community Assembly in the Siskiyou-Klamath Ecoregion." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2008. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/242.

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Interference competition is widely considered to structure ant communities. Competition’s effect, however, may be contingent upon disturbance or the abiotic environment. The interaction of temperature and competition is implicit in a wide body of ant community research; however, very few studies have experimentally manipulated these variables. To investigate the role of competition and temperature on ant communities, I (i) employed null models to investigate how species partition their spatial, temporal, and thermal environments in disturbed and undisturbed forests, (ii) used pairwise behavioral experiments to construct a Markov chain model to predict relative abundance patterns and correlated behavioral indices to species co-occurrence patterns, and (iii) conducted a shade, physiological thermal tolerance, and fully factorial shade and removal experiment to investigate the interaction of competition and temperature on ant community structure. The results of these studies are summarized below. First, I took advantage of a natural experiment, the 2002 Biscuit Fire, to investigate how species partition their temporal, thermal, and spatial environments in disturbed and undisturbed forests with null models. I found that most sites displayed a high degree of temporal niche overlap and species aggregation along the thermal axis. Half of the sites, however, had regular spacing of the temperature at which species obtain maximum activity. Species co-occurrence patterns in space modulated with diurnal temperature variations. Unburned sites had more spatial segregation of species than burned sites. Overall, it appears as though species activity is regulated, at least in part, by the thermal niche axis, and ant communities may repeatedly assemble and disassemble throughout the day. Second, I used data from pairwise behavioral experiment to generate transition probabilities for a Markov chain model. Assuming the landscape represents a large number of patches, the model predicted the relative abundance of an assemblage. I compared Markov chain predictions of relative abundance to relative abundance measurements on the local and regional scale. I used the same pairwise behavioral data to predict species co-occurrence values in three sites. Neither model accurately predicted community patterns. The only significant result was the Markov chain prediction of bait occurrence on the local scale; however, the relationship was opposite of the prediction. Finally, I conducted a shade experiment to investigate how communities respond to an altered thermal environment and associated their response to results from physiological thermal tolerance experiments. I then conducted a fully-factorial shade and Formica moki removal experiment to investigate if thermal responses were mediated by competitive effects. The addition of shade tables greatly reduced temperatures in the field, and Temnothorax nevadensis abundance was consistently lower in shade treatments. Decreased abundance at shade stations did not appear to be an indirect effect of F. moki activity. Physiological thermal tolerance was strongly associated with changes in abundance in shade treatments: the lower a species thermal tolerance, the greater its positive change in abundance after shade additions. The only species with a strong foraging response to F. moki removal was T. nevadensis, a species who was often cooccurred with F. moki on baits. I did not find evidence for the interaction of competition and temperature, and it appears as though physiological differences strongly influence the foraging activity of Siskiyou ant communities.
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Willson, Susan K. "Army ants and obligaate ant-following birds : a study of ecology, spatial movement patterns and behavior in Amazonian Peru /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3091978.

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17

Hill, JoVonn Grady. "Environmental variables affecting ant (Formicidae) community composition in Mississippi's Black Belt and Flatwoods regions." Master's thesis, Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2006. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-04192006-141353.

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Puterbaugh, Mary Norris. "Alpine plant-ant interactions /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1997. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9841329.

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19

Brown, Preston Hunter. "Spatiotemporal Composition of Pest Ant Species in the Residential Environments of Santa Isabel, Puerto Rico." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33122.

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Few studies have evaluated the community dynamics of pest ant species in tropical urban environments. Pest ant community dynamics were examined within three Puerto Rican housing developments. Housing developments (one, four, and eight years old), representing different stages of urban succession were sampled to determine which species were present and the relative species abundance. Eight trips were made to Puerto Rico over a one-year period, and more than 1,000 samples were collected during each trip. The ants collected in each sample were counted and identified. A total of 25 different species were identified from the developments, with the major pest species being big-headed, rover, and red imported fire ants (RIFA). Fourteen different species were identified from the one-year-old site. However, RIFA and rover ants were the most abundant, accounting for >75% of ants collected. In the four-year-old site, 20 species were identified. However, three species (RIFA, big-headed, and destructive trailing ants) were dominant, accounting for >75% of ants collected. Sampling data from the eight-year-old site indicated that out of 21 species identified, four species were dominant (RIFA, crazy, and two species of big-headed ants) and accounted for >75% of the ants collected. The dominant species within each site were different, indicating that the pest ant community changed during the stages of succession. However, these dominant species did not specifically impact the distribution of other species within the same site. Spatial analysis indicated that the number of species coexisting within a site increased as the age of the development increased.
Master of Science in Life Sciences
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Graham, Carrie E. "Necrophoresis and the Behavioral Responses of the European Red Ant, Myrmica rubra L. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) to the Fungel Entomopathogen Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2007. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/GrahamCE2007.pdf.

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Styrsky, John D. Eubanks Micky. "Consequences of mutualisms between aphids and an invasive ant to arthropod communities and their host plants." Auburn, Ala., 2006. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2006%20Spring/doctoral/STYRSKY_JOHN_36.pdf.

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22

Allen, Hamilton Ross. "Distribution and Management of the Red Imported Fire Ant, Solenopsis invicta Buren, in Virginia." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35125.

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Red imported fire ant specimens were first collected in Virginia in 1989 from colonies located in Hampton, Va. Now colonies are established throughout the Hampton Roads area of Virginia. Because the fire ant is a new pest information regarding the distribution, biology, and management of the ant in Virgnia are absent. Therefore studies were conducted to compare the efficacies of four broadcast fire ant control products and an individual mound treatment to control fire ants and to determine the impact of Advion and Top Choice on non-target ant species. Additionally, twenty-six fire ant colonies in Virginia were sampled to determine colony social form and to detect biological control organisms. Lastly, the CLIMEX model was used to predict the potential spread of the fire ant in Virginia.

Field trials showed that combination applications of Advion and Top Choice provided the fastest and greatest reduction in foraging three days after treatment and the longest residual control of fire ant colonies for one year. Field tests documenting the impacts of Advion and Top Choice on non-target ants indicate treatments do supress ant foraging but ant populations will rebound 10-12 months after treatment.

Laboratory PCR assays revealed that colonies in Virginia are primarily polygyne. Also, Kneallhazia solenopsae, Pseudaction spp. parasitoid decapitating phorid flies, and Solenopsis invicta virues (SINV) genetic materials were detected in fire ant samples. CLIMEX model results indicate that fire ants will be able to spread as far east as the Greater Richmond area and as far north as Alexandria in Virginia.
Master of Science in Life Sciences

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Perl, Craig Darren. "Novel morphological and physiological scaling relationships in the southern red wood ant." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2018. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/75440/.

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Australian, National University Division of Information Library, danny kingsley edu au, and Digital thesis coordinator. "ANU Library - Publicly Available Digital Theses (ADT)." University Librarian, 2001. http://thesis.anu.edu.au/templates/digtheses.dwt.

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Riu, Martí Maria Montserrat. "La Polipoesia als anys 1990-2000 a Barcelona." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/552406.

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Aquest treball analitza un nou moviment a la Barcelona als anys 1990-2000: la Polipoesia barcelonina. La qüestió que es tractarà es compon de diferents parts: 1. La definició i descripció del moviment polipoètic a Barcelona (1990-2000) i la seva base ideològica, expressada amb les seves diferents facetes (paraules en llibertat, els textos que "suren" en el full, les accions i les performances…). 2. El que aquest moviment aporta en l'artístic i l'estètic a través de l'estudi d'un nucli d'autors concret. 3. Els antecedents a partir de les avantguardes artístiques. 4. Els objectius i la metodologia emprada per dur a terme el treball. Els objectius que m'he proposat són: en primer lloc, investigar l'origen de la Polipoesia de Barcelona i la relació d'aquesta amb els autors proposats, l'origen és a Itàlia. En segon lloc, trobar un nucli d'autors, el perfil dels quals defineix, en part, la Polipoesia a Barcelona, que són Xavier Sabater, Enzo Minarelli, Giovanni Fontana. En tercer lloc, estudiar els aspectes més importants dels mateixos autors i relacionar-los amb el naixement i creixement de la Polipoesia a Barcelona i l'Epigenètica de Giovanni Fontana. En quart lloc, estudiar els seus perfils i les seves obres, la Ciberpoesia de Xavier Sabater. En cinquè lloc, indagar els antecedents que han donat lloc a aquest moviment, com les primeres avantguardes de segle XX… i continuar amb els moviments que han tingut una influència més directa com el Futurisme, Dadaisme i Surrealisme. I finalment les "figures d'altres autors" que directament o indirecta han pogut determinar aspectes definitius en la consolidació del moviment com, per exemple, el poeta Adriano Spatola. En sisè lloc, relacionar les diferents formes d'expressió, disciplines, estils i gèneres, que de manera multidisciplinària conviuen a la Polipoesia de Barcelona i la defineixen, com per exemple la música, la pintura, l'acció poètica… En setè lloc, investigar quin paper fa la veu humana i el sorollisme, en relació amb el naixement de la Polipoesia a Barcelona, com per exemple el "Gir del so". I en vuitè lloc, analitzar els objectius del moviment, com per exemple el seu compromís social. Així doncs, els objectius d'aquesta tesi es relacionen amb el moviment que desenvolupa la veu humana amb tots els seus sons i tonalitats per fer poesia d'una manera diferent de la tradicional. Els poetes treballen amb sons que trenquen sense cap sentit, per compondre els seus poemes. L’objectiu és escriure i dir els sons (en lloc de paraules) de manera tan poc convencional com poden i per això s'inspiren en La Ursonata de Kurt Schwitters i en els estils que hem citat. Però no es tracta d'un objectiu aïllat perquè Xavier Sabater (creador de la Polipoesia tal com es fa a Barcelona) necessita socis per finançar les activitats que ell promociona i per aquest motiu decideix fer més grans els incentius. I ho fa obrint la "mirada artística" a d'altres estils i disciplines, per la qual cosa el concepte de les performances i de les accions, els concerts de la música i les exposicions de pintura, és lliure, encara que respectant determinats "codis". De manera que arriba a fusionar diferents disciplines en una de sola: "La Polipoesia barcelonina". Aquesta aconsegueix interessar els artistes més importants d'arreu del món relacionats amb el tema.
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Collignon, Bertrand. "Group recruitment and role of leaders in the ant Tetramorium caespitum: theoretical and experimental approach." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209666.

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L’exploitation collective de ressources par les sociétés animales repose sur la coopération et la coordination des membres du groupe. Selon la structure sociale des espèces envisagées, leurs comportements collectifs seront dictés par quelques individus imposant leurs choix ou au contraire impliqueront tous les membres du groupe. Chez la fourmi Tetramorium caespitum, la récolte de nourriture repose à la fois sur le dépôt d’une piste de phéromone chimique commune lors du retour des ouvrières vers le nid et sur le recrutement de groupe de congénères guidés par des individus leaders jusqu’à la source de nourriture. Cette espèce nous donne donc l’opportunité d’étudier un système de recrutement couplant des mécanismes décentralisés à la présence d’individus leaders.

Nos observations montrent que le recrutement de groupe est lié à une forte motivation de certaines ouvrières à exploiter une source de nourriture découverte. Lorsqu’elles recrutent un groupe, elles passent peu de temps à l’intérieur du nid mais effectuent un taux élevé de contacts avec leurs congénères, principalement à l’entrée du nid, avant de repartir en direction de la nourriture, suivie par le peloton de fourrageuses. Durant le trajet, si une trajectoire rectiligne et une faible vitesse de déplacement favorisent la probabilité des recrutées d’atteindre la source, la perte de recrutées n’entraîne cependant aucune modification du comportement de la meneuse. Enfin, un suivi individualisé des fourrageuses au cours du recrutement montre que la probabilité d’être observée en tant que leader est répartie de manière homogène entre les individus découvrant la source de nourriture, sans influence du nombre de trajets qu’elles ont déjà effectués.

Par ailleurs, nous avons étudié l’influence des leaders sur les choix collectifs de la colonie. Les leaders modulent les caractéristiques du recrutement -­-fréquence des groupes, tailles des groupes-­- en fonction des caractéristiques de la source exploitée. Grâce à un modèle multi-­-agents, nous avons démontré que cette modulation du recrutement permet à la colonie entière de focaliser son effort d’affourragement sur la nourriture la plus avantageuse lorsque plusieurs sources sont disponibles dans l’environnement. Enfin, nous avons développé un modèle mathématique décrivant le couplage du recrutement de groupe et du dépôt d’une piste chimique. Grâce à l’étude des états stationnaires de ce modèle, nous avons démontré que la présence des leaders est un élément indispensable à l’initiation de l’exploitation collective d’une ressource chez T. caespitum. Ainsi, les leaders de groupe permettent d’atteindre plus aisément un nombre seuil d’ouvrières à la source qui soit suffisant pour permettre l’émergence d’une piste chimique commune assurant à elle seule un recrutement de masse. Les résultats de cette thèse placent dans une nouvelle perspective notre vision des phénomènes de leadership chez les insectes sociaux. A l’échelle individuelle, ils mettent en évidence le statut temporaire de ces leaders chez Tetramorium caespitum basé sur leur propre motivation et les conditions locales du recrutement ;à l’échelle collective, ils soulignent le rôle complémentaire et facilitateur des leaders qui vont permettre l’émergence de structures auto-­- organisées impliquant l’ensemble de la fourmilière.
Doctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Buffin, Aurélie. "Food flow and stock management in an ant colony." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209850.

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The organization of complex societies requires constant information to flow between individuals. Because of their elaborated social structures and principally because of the division of labor, social insects depend on the efficacy of their information web in order to adapt the colony activity to its needs. Although many studies focused on understanding the regulation of the foraging activity, little is known about the intranidal food distribution and stock management regulation. The aim of this thesis is to quantify and describe the dynamics of the food flow and its regulation in an ant colony. A medical imagery technique, scintigraphy, was adapted to follow the propagation of radio-labeled nutrients inside the nest. This technique allowed spatiotemporal dynamics quantification of the food flow and led to the enunciation of simple yet robust regulation rules that are at work during the colony feeding process.

The dynamics of the harvest is regulated by the coupling of a positive and negative feedbacks. The harvest acts as both: negative and positive feedbacks. Entering food-loads trigger foragers to exploit the newly discovered food source through the well-known recruitment process. At the same time, the harvest proportionally reduces the entering food flow until the complete stop of the foraging activity when the colony reaches satiety. Surprisingly, the positive feedback (that is the recruitment) is not responsible for a faster entering food flow and is not influenced by the colony needs while the exploring activity is. The spatial dynamics of the food exchange network revealed stable patterns and fine tuning regulation of the feeding process. Spatial analysis of the food distribution showed that sucrose is heterogeneously stored among individuals and also heterogeneously consumed. We observed a regular spatial structure leading to centralization of the stocks: heavy loaded individuals being at the center of the cluster and weakly loaded individuals at its periphery.

The spatiotemporal quantification of the food flow allowed describing and understanding the flexibility of the colony to adapt its working force according to its nutritional requirements.


Doctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Friedrich, Russell L. "The short-term impacts of burning and mowing on prairie ant communities of the Oak Openings Region." Toledo, Ohio : University of Toledo, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=toledo1271382165.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Toledo, 2010.
Typescript. "Submitted to the Graduate Faculty as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Biology (Ecology track)." "A thesis entitled"--at head of title. Title from title page of PDF document. Bibliography: p. 38-42 and 51.
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Bertolossi, Leonardo Carvalho. "Arte enquadrada e gambiarra: identidade, circuito e mercado de arte no Brasil (anos 80 e 90)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8134/tde-06082015-133310/.

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Essa tese é uma etnografia das ideias, práticas, histórias, memórias, teorias nativas, conflitos, desigualdades, imaginações e experiências de artistas, críticos, curadores, galeristas e colecionadores brasileiros ao longo dos anos 80 e 90. Embora o escopo temporal e espacial oscile, ancoramo-nos nas cidades do Rio de Janeiro e de São Paulo, e na interseção entre o circuito e o mercado primário de arte contemporânea brasileira nestas décadas. O trabalho aborda diversos temas e problemas acessados através do meu campo em galerias, museus, bienais, bibliotecas, arquivos públicos e privados, cursos de história da arte e depoimentos. Dentre os objetos tangenciados, se destacou: o retorno internacional à pintura, a invenção da geração 80 e sua relação com o mercado; as exposições Primitivism in the Twentieth Century no MoMA, em Nova York, em 1984, e Magiciens de la Terre, no Centre Pompidou, na França, em 1989; a redescoberta do corpo, do eu e da narrativa nos anos 90; a arte abjeta e suas principais exposições internacionais; a Bienal de São Paulo Antropofágica de 1998; a internacionalização da arte brasileira na Europa, Estados Unidos e América Latina; a trajetória e as contendas entre diferentes gerações de galeristas no Brasil; a entrada do empresariado e dos bancos na política cultural; e, sobretudo o estatuto da arte brasileira e latino-americana diante da globalização. Desde a Escola Fluminense de Pintura, passando pelo Modernismo, pelo Neoconcretismo, pela Tropicália até o período em destaque neste trabalho, o sistema artístico brasileiro e seus personagens se questionaram sobre uma arte genuinamente brasileira. A antropofagia foi novamente mobilizada como alternativa às hierarquias de poder e imposições euro-americanas, sobretudo na Bienal Antropofágica de 1998. Mas quando todos são canibais, quem canibaliza quem? Oswald de Andrade ou Montaigne? Minha hipótese é a deformação da questão em direção à superação do problema da representação para o da presença, a partir da filosofia deleuziana sobre a experiência barroca. Superar a antropofagia em favor do barroco de modo a imaginar outro conceito de criação que conceba a invenção da diferença através de uma exterioridade em contínua descontinuidade, devires, dobra que se desdobra, antropofagia e regurgitofagia, dentro e fora, figura e fundo, interpretação e contrainterpretação, arte enquadrada e gambiarra.
This thesis is an ethnography of the ideias, practices, histories, memories, native theories, conflicts, inequalities, imaginations and experiences of Brazilian artists, critics, curators, art dealers and art collectors throughout the 1980s and 90s. The temporal and spacial breadth covered oscillates; we have, however, decided to focus the cities of Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo, and the intersection between the contemporary art circuit and its market through fieldwork done in galleries, museums, bienals, libraries, public and private archives, courses on art history, and testimonials. Between the many objects described, an emphasis is made on the international return to painting; the invention of the 80s generation and its relations to the market; the exhibitions Primitivism in the Twentieth Century (MoMA, New York, 1984) and Magiciens de la Terre (Centre Pompidou, Paris, 1989); the rediscovery of body, self and narrative during the 1990s; abject art and its main international exhibitions; the Anthropophagic Bienal of São Paulo (1998); the internationalization of Brazilian art in Europe, United States and Latin America; the trajectories and quarrels between different generations of art dealers in Brazil; the introduction of the entreprenurial and financial classes into cultural policies; and, above all, the status of Brazilian and Latin American art in a globalized context. From the Fluminense school of painting, through Brazilian Modernism, Neoconcretism, Tropicália, to the period emphasized in this work, the Brazilian artistic system and its characters have put a genuinely Brazilian art into question. Anthropophagy has been newly engaged as an alternative to euro-american power hierarchies and impositions, especially in the Anthropophagic Bienal of 1998. Nevertheless, when everyone is a cannibal, who cannibalizes whom? Oswald de Andrade or Montaigne? My hypothesis is the deformation of that matter, overcoming the problem of representation towards that of the presence, drawing on the deleuzian philosophy of the baroque experiments. Overcoming anthropophagy in benefit of the baroque is a way of inventing a different concept of creation, one that conceives the invention of difference through an exteriority in continued discontinuity, becomings, foldings that unfold, anthropophagy and regurgitophagy, inside and outside, figure and ground, interpretation and counter interpretation, framed art, and improvisation.
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30

Gay, Honor. "The ant association and structural rhizome modifications of the Far-Eastern epiphytic fern genus Lecanopteris (Polypodiaceae)." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.670308.

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31

Trizoli, Talita. "Atravessamentos feministas: um panorama de mulheres artistas no Brasil dos anos 60/70." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/48/48134/tde-03122018-121223/.

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Nessa tese de doutorado, efetuo uma análise crítica da produção artística brasileira no trânsito da década de 60 para 70 do século XX, dentro dos pressupostos das teorias feministas de crítica cultural, com ênfase nas possibilidades de subjetivação do feminino pela prática artística. Para ser mais específica, preocupo-me aqui com certos trabalhos realizados por trinta artistas mulheres atuantes no período, contemporâneas entre si e do advento do feminismo de segunda onda no país, que envolvam as preocupações estéticas e plásticas em voga, e que permitam uma abordagem de crítica feminista justamente por trabalharem com problemáticas corpóreas e identitárias, que abarcam principalmente os limites e/ou possibilidades dos processos de subjetivação pela ótica dos confrontos e subversões do gênero.
In this PHD Dissertation, I make a critical analysis of Brazilian artistic production in traffic of the 60 to 70 of the twentieth century, within the assumptions of feminist theories of cultural criticism, emphasizing the possibilities of female subjectivity by artistic practice. To be more specific, I am concerned here with some work done by thirty women artists working in this period, contemporary with each other and to the advent of the second feminism wave in the country, involving the aesthetic and plastic concerns in vogue, and that allow the approach of a feminist criticism, since they worki with body and identity issues, which mainly cover the limits and/or possibilities of subjective processes from the perspective of confrontations and subversions of the genre.
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32

Eastwood, Rodney Gordon, and N/A. "Ant Association and Speciation in Lycaenidae (Lepidoptera): Consequences of Novel Adaptations and Pleistocene Climate Changes." Griffith University. Australian School of Environmental Studies, 2006. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20071130.134932.

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The butterfly family Lycaenidae (including the Riodinidae) contains an estimated 30% of all butterfly species and exhibits a diverse array of life history strategies. The early stages of most lycaenids associate with ants to varying degrees, ranging from casual facultative coexistence through to obligate association where the long-term survival of the butterfly is dependent on the presence of its attendant ants. Attendant ants guard the butterflies against predators and parasites during their vulnerable period of larval growth and pupation. The caterpillars, in return, reward the ants by providing attractive secretions from specialized glands in their cuticle. The prevalence of caterpillar-ant associations in the species rich Lycaenidae is in contrast with other Lepidoptera, where ant association appears only as isolated cases in otherwise non ant-associated lineages. This has led to the proposal that ant association may have influenced lycaenid diversification or even enhanced the rates of speciation in the group. In contrast, facultative ant-associated butterflies exhibit high levels of host plant integrity, so it is reasonable to assume that host plants may have played a significant role in their diversification. Since the influence of ants (or plants) on diversification is independent of geographic speciation modes such as vicariance or peripheral isolates, there is an underlying inference of sympatric speciation. Certain prerequisites thought to be important for sympatric speciation, such as mating on the host plant (or in the presence of the appropriate ant) as well as ant dependent oviposition preferences are characteristic of many obligate myrmecophiles. Not surprisingly, it has been suggested that evidence for sympatric speciation is more likely to be found in the Insecta since this additional mode of diversification could account for the large numbers of insect species. This thesis tested the diversification processes in obligate and facultative ant associated lycaenids using comparative methodologies in hierarchical molecular phylogenetic analyses. First, several hypotheses relating to the influence of ants on diversification in obligately ant associated lycaenid butterflies were tested in a phylogeographic analysis of the Australian endemic Jalmenus evagoras. The phylogeographic analysis revealed that regional isolation of butterfly subpopulations coincident with locally adapted ant taxa could generate a phylogenetic pattern in which related lycaenids would be seen to associate with related or ecologically similar ants. Likewise, ecological shifts in habitat preferences by lycaenids could lead to co-diversification with habitat specialist ants, even though in both cases, the ants may play only an incidental role in the diversification process. A comparative methodology was then applied in a molecular phylogenetic analysis of the genus Jalmenus to test for a signal of diversification consistent with shifts in ant partners, and to infer the processes by which ants could influence speciation. Several other specific hypotheses relating to monophyly and taxonomy were also examined. Comparative analysis of the Jalmenus phylogeny found that attendant ant shifts coincided with high levels of sympatry among sister species. This pattern could be explained by sympatric speciation; however, data suggested it was more likely that ant shifts occurred during butterfly population expansions as a result of vegetation and climate changes in the Pleistocene. Fragmentation of populations associating with novel ants could promote rapid ecological and behavioural changes and this could result in reproductive isolation of conspecifics when in secondary contact. Diversification would then continue in sympatry. In contrast, secondary contact of populations associating with the same ant species would result in homogenisation of the two lycaenid lineages or the extinction of one. A phylogeographic analysis of the facultative myrmecophiles, Theclinesthes albocincta/T. hesperia, was then undertaken to infer the evolutionary processes (such as the effects of host plant shifts) that could result in extant demographics. Species-specific questions of taxonomy, relative population ages and dispersal routes in arid Australia were also addressed. Results from the analysis suggested the two taxa were conspecific and had diversified in the late Pleistocene as a consequence of isolation in refugia in and around the arid areas of mainland Australia. However, as was the case in the J. evagoras population analysis in which attendant ant shifts were not detected, host plant shifts were not detected in the population analysis of T. albocincta/hesperia. Host plant or attendant ant shifts manifest more frequently at the species level, thus it was necessary to test the influence of host plant shifts at this higher level. The comparative methodology was then applied to a molecular phylogenetic analysis of the facultative ant-associated section Theclinesthes (comprising Theclinesthes, Sahulana and Neolucia) to test for modes of diversification consistent with host plant shifts. The relative importance of other influences on diversification was also assessed. Akin to the Jalmenus analysis, the prediction that sister species ranges should broadly overlap when a shift in host plants had taken place was upheld in the comparative analysis. Species in the genera Jalmenus and Theclinesthes were found to have diversified in the Pleistocene so were subject to the same climatic oscillations that influenced patterns of vegetation expansion and contraction across much of Australia. Thus, the similarity and predictability of relationships in the comparative analyses based on biological data suggested that host plant shifts have influenced diversification in facultative myrmecophiles by inhibiting gene flow in secondary contact in similar fashion to that of attendant ant shifts identified in the Jalmenus phylogeny. Interpretation of data in these analyses suggested that allopatric diversification was the most common mode of speciation. Isolation was inferred to be the result of fragmentation following long distance dispersal across wide expanses of marginal habitat, or vicariance following the closing of biogeographical barriers. However, attendant-ant and host-plant shifts clearly played an important role in the diversification process, and in the maintenance of species integrity among lycaenid butterflies. Furthermore, exceptions to the predicted patterns of range overlap and ecological shifts provided clues to additional modes of diversification including shifts in habitat preferences and an unusual temporal shift following changes in specific host plant phenology resulting in allochronic diversification. Inferring modes of diversification using comparative methods based on range overlap and biological traits in a phylogenetic context is not new; however, the interpretation presented in this thesis is in contrast with contemporary methods. It is clear that the patterns of species range overlap and the ecological preferences of sister taxa are intimately related among lycaenid species that diversified during the Pleistocene. As a result, different influences on diversification can be highlighted in phylogenies when applying existing comparative methodologies but without necessarily drawing the same conclusions about modes of diversification. A more inclusive explanation for patterns of range overlap among sister taxa is detailed, a consequence of which is a method for estimating rates of extinction in a phylogeny where comprehensive distributional, biological and taxonomic data are available. These patterns and predictions may be applicable to a range of taxa, especially those that have diversified in the Pleistocene. Plans for future studies are outlined.
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33

Ballantyne, Gavin. "Ants as flower visitors : floral ant-repellence and the impact of ant scent-marks on pollinator behaviour." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/2535.

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As flower visitors, ants rarely benefit a plant, commonly disrupting pollination by deterring other flower visitors, or stealing nectar. This thesis examines three aspects of ant-flower interactions, focusing on the occurrence of floral traits that prevent disruption of pollination and a novel means by which ants may influence pollinator behaviour. To assess which types of plant species possess ant-repelling floral traits I carried out a survey of 49 Neotropical plant species. Around a third of these species were repellent to the common generalist ant Camponotus novograndensis (Formicinae). This repellence was positively correlated with large nectar volumes within individual flowers. It appears that there has been selection for floral ant-repellence as a defence against ant thieves in plant species that invest in large volumes of nectar. In some cases these repellent traits were effective against a wide range of ant species. However, in no plant species were predacious ants particularly repelled, indicating that there may be little selective pressure on non-ant-plants to defend potential pollinators from aggressive ants. To investigate the importance of coevolution in determining the effectiveness of ant-repellents, a small but diverse range of Mediterranean plant species were tested with the invasive nectar thieving ant Linepithema humile (Dolichoderinae) and the native but non-nectar thieving ant Messor bouvieri (Myrmecinae). Responses of both ant species to floral traits were very similar. The ability of some plants to restrict access to ant species with which they have no evolutionary history may help to reduce the impact invasive species, as nectar thieves, have on plant-pollinator interactions. It is reported that flowers recently visited by bees and hoverflies may be rejected for a period of time by subsequent bee visitors through the detection of scent-marks. Nectar-thieving ants could potentially influence the foraging decisions of bees in a similar way if they come to associate ant trail pheromones or footprint hydrocarbons with poor reward levels. However, my empirical work found no differences were found in bee visitation behaviour between flowers of Digitalis pupurea (Plantaginaceae), Bupleurum fruticosum (Apiaceae) or Brassica juncea (Brassicaceae) that had been in contact with ants and control flowers. Ant-attendance at flowers of these species may not reduce reward levels sufficiently to make it worthwhile for bees to incorporate ant scent-marks into foraging decisions. Investigations like these into the interactions between ants, flowers and other flower visitors are essential if we hope to understand the part ants play in pollination ecology, and determine how ants have helped shape floral evolution.
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Castel, Mounia. "La Vision du réel dans l'oeuvre d'Angus Wilson "Hemlock and after", "Anglo-saxon attitudes", "The Middle age of Mrs Eliot /." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1989. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37612515g.

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35

Cardoso, Renata Gomes. "Modernismo e tradição : a produção de Anita Malfatti nos anos de 1920." [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/284559.

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Orientador: Maria de Fátima Morethy Couto
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Artes
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Resumo: Este trabalho propõe um estudo sobre atividade artística de Anita Malfatti dos anos de 1920, com o objetivo de analisar a inserção dessa produção no debate sobre arte moderna do período e o posterior reflexo desse debate nos principais estudos sobre o Modernismo no Brasil. Essa análise pressupõe uma reflexão sobre a recepção crítica em torno da obra da artista, desde a primeira apresentação ao público brasileiro, até a exposição individual realizada em 1929, que apresentou um panorama geral de sua produção artística. Considerando que a relevância de Anita Malfatti na história da arte brasileira está pontuada entre 1917 e a Semana de Arte Moderna, procuramos abordar as obras realizadas durante o estágio em Paris, entre 1923 e 1928, analisando o diálogo dessa produção com algumas discussões em pauta nesses anos: a relação com a Europa, o nacionalismo, o debate entre tendências mais radicais ou mais moderadas no contexto da arte moderna
Abstract: This study focuses on the artistic activity of Anita Malfatti in the 1920s. The main objective of this thesis is to analyze the relevance of her works in the modern art debate of the period, and the subsequent impact of this debate in the Modernism studies in Brazil. This analysis implies an understanding of the art criticism around her work, from the first presentation to the Brazilian public, until the exhibition held in 1929, which presented an overview of her artistic production. Whereas the relevance of Anita Malfatti in Brazilian art history is mostly discussed from 1917 to the exhibition of the Modern Art Week, this study deals with the paintings produced in Paris, between 1923 and 1928, by reflecting about their relations with modern art in Europe, nationalism in Brazil, and the debate between tradition and advanced art tendencies in the context of modern art
Doutorado
Artes Visuais
Doutora em Artes
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36

Mlot, Nathaniel J. "Fire ant self-assemblages." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/50247.

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Fire ants link their legs and jaws together to form functional structures called self- assemblages. Examples include floating rafts, towers, bridges, and bivouacs. We investigate these self-assemblages of fire ants. Our studies are motivated in part by the vision of providing guidance for programmable robot swarms. The goal for such systems is to develop a simple programmable element from which complex patterns or behaviors emerge on the collective level. Intelligence is decentralized, as is the case with social insects such as fire ants. In this combined experimental and theoretical study, we investigate the construction of two fire ant self-assemblages that are critical to the colony’s survival: the raft and the tower. Using time-lapse photography, we record the construction processes of rafts and towers in the laboratory. We identify and characterize individual ant behaviors that we consistently observe during assembly, and incorporate these behaviors into mathematical models of the assembly process. Our models accurately predict both the assemblages’ shapes and growth patterns, thus providing evidence that we have identified and analyzed the key mechanisms for these fire ant self-assemblages. We also develop novel techniques using scanning electron microscopy and micro-computed tomography scans to visualize and quantify the internal structure and packing properties of live linked fire ants. We compare our findings to packings of dead ants and similarly shaped granular material packings to understand how active arranging affects ant spacing and orientation. We find that ants use their legs to increase neighbor spacing and hence reduce their packing density by one-third compared to packings of dead ants. Also, we find that live ants do not align themselves in parallel with nearest neighbors as much as dead ants passively do. Our main contribution is the development of parsimonious mathematical models of how the behaviors of individuals result in the collective construction of fire ant assemblages. The models posit only simple observed behaviors based on local information, yet their mathe- matical analysis yields accurate predictions of assemblage shapes and construction rates for a wide range of ant colony sizes.
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Stuchi, Fabiana Terenzi. "Revista Habitat: um olhar moderno sobre os anos 50 em São Paulo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16136/tde-14052010-102629/.

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A pesquisa analisa os primeiros quinze números da revista Habitat: revista das artes no Brasil, no período compreendido entre outubro de 1950 e abril de 1954. Desses quinze números investigamos num primeiro momento as características que a fazem particular entre as demais revistas do período a decisiva participação de Pietro Maria Bardi e Lina Bo, sua inserção como parte de um projeto cultural moderno, sua ligação com o Museu de Arte de São Paulo (MASP), a diversidade de assuntos que aborda, o contexto histórico e a fundamental presença de seus colaboradores. No segundo momento, enfocamos a arquitetura divulgada em Habitat, sua eleição, os valores que pretende propagar e o diálogo com a crítica internacional, que juntos colaboram para a consolidação da arquitetura moderna no país.
The research analyses the first fifteen editions of Habitat magazine: magazine of Brazilian art, in the period between October 1950 and April 1954. Of these fifteen editions, initially we investigated the characteristics that made the magazine so exceptional among all the other magazines of this same period the crucial input of Pietro Maria Bardi and Lina Bo, the magazines role as a modern cultural project, its connection with São Paulo´s Art Museum (MASP), the diversity of subjects covered in the magazine, its historical context and the fundamental participation of its collaborators. Secondly, we focused on the architecture shown in Habitat magazine, its selection, the values it expounded and the dialogue it had with international critics, that together, collaborated for the consolidation of modern architecture in the country.
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Cannon, Colleen A. "Demography, cold hardiness, and nutrient reserves of overwintering nests of the carpenter ant Camponotus pennsylvanicus (De Geer) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/42088.

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Overwintering nests of C. pennsylvanicus were dissected and censused. All castes were assayed for glycerol and for changes in nutrient reserves. Spring queens were collected at swarming and allowed to initiate nests. Queens were analyzed for nutrient reserves during the early stages of nest founding. Overwintering nests contained large proportions of larvae and alates. Physical associations within the winter nest were evident between majors and alates, and between larvae and the queen; minors were associated with larvae to a lesser degree. Reproductives and larvae were negatively correlated, and worker caste ratios shifted according to whether an area was dominated by larvae or alates. Winter nest temperatures followed ambient temperatures, though fluctuations were less extreme. Glycerol was detectable in all castes and stages. Major and minor workers were similar in nutrient content. Lipid and protein contributed greater than 80% of dry weight, glycogen less than 20%, and free sugars less than 10%. Lipid was progressively depleted through winter. Majors lost most protein and dry weight between November and January, minors between February and April. Glycogen changes emulated mean ambient temperature patterns. Overwintering gynes possessed large reserves of lipid, up to approximately 62% in mid-winter. Glycogen levels rose and fell with mean ambient temperatures. Most nutrient reserves in founding queens were depleted from the head/thorax region between swarming and first larval emergence; between larval emergence and first worker eclosion, significant losses occurred only in the gaster. Protein alone increased significantly in the gaster prior to larval emergence, after which it was depleted.
Master of Science
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39

Cavalcanti, Jardel Dias. "Artes plasticas : vanguarda e participação politica (Brasil anos 60 e 70)." [s.n.], 2005. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/279845.

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Orientador: Italo Arnaldo Tronca
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas
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Resumo: Esta pesquisa foca a relação entre a produção das artes plásticas e o contexto político brasileiro instaurado pelo Golpe Militar de março de 1964. A análise das questões artísticas, como seus desdobramentos no campo social, elegeu como local privilegiado de investigação os anos de 1964 a 1970. As interseções entre a arte e a política foram evidenciadas no posicionamento crítico dos artistas, dado no cerne de suas poéticas, nos programas estabelecidos pelas exposições de arte e num projeto de vanguarda nacional engajada
Abstract: The present work focus the relationship between visual arts and the brazilian political situation after the 1964 military coup. Artistic issues and its reflections in the social field were analyzed in the years from 1964 to 1970. The interconnections between visual arts and the brazilian military politics came up though the artists critical position in their artistic production, in the art exhibitions programs and in the project of politically commited ¿avant-garde¿
Doutorado
Historia da Arte
Doutor em História
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40

Ghosh, Ranadhir, and n/a. "A Novel Hybrid Learning Algorithm For Artificial Neural Networks." Griffith University. School of Information Technology, 2003. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20030808.162355.

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Last few decades have witnessed the use of artificial neural networks (ANN) in many real-world applications and have offered an attractive paradigm for a broad range of adaptive complex systems. In recent years ANN have enjoyed a great deal of success and have proven useful in wide variety pattern recognition or feature extraction tasks. Examples include optical character recognition, speech recognition and adaptive control to name a few. To keep the pace with its huge demand in diversified application areas, many different kinds of ANN architecture and learning types have been proposed by the researchers to meet varying needs. A novel hybrid learning approach for the training of a feed-forward ANN has been proposed in this thesis. The approach combines evolutionary algorithms with matrix solution methods such as singular value decomposition, Gram-Schmidt etc., to achieve optimum weights for hidden and output layers. The proposed hybrid method is to apply evolutionary algorithm in the first layer and least square method (LS) in the second layer of the ANN. The methodology also finds optimum number of hidden neurons using a hierarchical combination methodology structure for weights and architecture. A learning algorithm has many facets that can make a learning algorithm good for a particular application area. Often there are trade offs between classification accuracy and time complexity, nevertheless, the problem of memory complexity remains. This research explores all the different facets of the proposed new algorithm in terms of classification accuracy, convergence property, generalization ability, time and memory complexity.
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41

Clarkson, Paul Anthony. "The influence of aspect and forest edge effects on the ecology of the wood ant, Formica rufa L. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)." Thesis, University of Northampton, 2005. http://nectar.northampton.ac.uk/2982/.

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Habitat fragmentation is widely recognised as a major threat to global biodiversity and by decreasing the size of habitat patches and disrupting important ecological processes through exposure to edge effects, is detrimental to many taxonomic groups, including insects. This research aimed to determine the influence of edge effects on the ecology of the wood ant, Formica rufa L. through an intensive study of a single site in Northamptonshire. The study focused upon the impact of both aspect and distance-related edge effects, measured along three edge to interior transects, a total of 82 sample nests and five control points within four study aspects located around the wood. Nest location and characteristics, density, colony structure, and the phenology of activities were also recorded. Overall, southern transects received more light but lower wind speeds than the other aspects and also supported a greater diversity of tree species. Southern nests also received significantly more light in the early and late parts of the year than nests in other aspects. At the random sampling points, nests received significantly more light and lower wind speeds than the controls. Compared with the controls, nests supported a higher plant species richness, but in terms of abundance, only sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus) and elder (Sambucus nigra) were found in greater numbers at nest sites than controls. The south also supported significantly higher nest densities and had a higher percentage of polydomous colonies than the other aspects. The results showed that aspect mediated edge effects caused differences in wood ant phenology. Colonies in the south left hibernation earlier, began reproduction earlier, and had completed the reproductive cycle before colonies in the other aspects had begun theirs. Overall, these results are the first to show the impacts of aspect and distance related forest edge effects on F. rufa
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42

Paris, Carolina Ivon. "Above-belowground effects of the invasive ant Lasius neglectus in an urban holm oak forest." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/3680.

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Las hormigas invasoras desplazan a las especies de hormigas nativas y otros artrópodos. Como consecuencia, las interacciones biológicas del sistema invadido y los servicios ecológicos prestados por las especies nativas son modificados. El objetivo de este trabajo fue investigar los efectos de la hormiga invasora Lasius neglectus sobre algunos de los componentes superficiales y subsuperficiales de un encinar urbano y compararlos con los efectos de las hormigas nativas, en particular con Lasius grandis.
Lasius neglectus visita principalmente árboles aislados donde permanece más meses atendiendo áfidos. Por el contrario, las hormigas nativas no visitaron los árboles según su ubicación (aislado, borde o centro del bosque). Excepto en el caso de la hormiga nativa Lasius grandis, que permaneció más tiempo en los árboles aislados cuando Lasius neglectus no estaba presente en el fragmento. La riqueza de especies nativas de hormigas y su visita a los árboles fue menor en fragmentos de bosque con Lasius neglectus. Crematogaster scutellaris, Temnothorax lichtensteini y Lasius grandis lograron coexistir con la hormiga invasora. La estructura de la comunidad de hormigas nativas en fragmentos con o sin Lasius neglectus mostró un patrón aleatorio.
Entre Mayo y Octubre, en las encinas se encontraron dos especies de áfidos, Hoplocallis picta, ocasionalmente atendido por las hormigas, y Lachnus roborisun un mirmecófilo obligado. En encinas visitadas por la hormiga invasora, se observó que la abundancia de Lachnus roboris tendió a duplicarse, como así también su producción de melaza, porcentaje de colonias atendidas comparado con los resultados obtenidos en encinas visitadas por la hormiga nativa Lasius grandis. Consecuentemente, durante el periodo estudiado la hormiga invasora duplicó su colecta de melaza por encina respecto de la hormiga nativa. Las colonias de Lachnus roboris se ubicaron principalmente sobre las bellotas. Sin embargo, no se detectó ningún efecto en la producción o calidad de bellotas y en la emergencia o calidad de las plántulas.
Ambas especies de hormigas capturaron principalmente Pscópteros y Hoplocallis picta como fuente de proteínas. El porcentaje de obreras que llevaba insectos o trozos de artrópodos entre sus mandíbulas fue superior para Lasius grandis.
La comunidad de artrópodos y el nivel de herbivoría no fueron modificados por la presencia de una u otra especie de hormiga. Sin embargo, en las encinas visitadas por Lasius neglectus las arañas, los curculiónidos y los áfidos tendieron a incrementar su abundancia mientras que las larvas de coccinélidos (predadores de áfidos) disminuyeron marcadamente.
La melaza que no es recogida por las hormigas puede incorporarse al suelo disuelta en el agua de trascolación de la copa como carbono orgánico disuelto (COD). La colecta de melaza de Lasius neglectus disminuyó el COD disuelto en el agua de trascolación de las encinas lo cual indicaría una interrupción del flujo de materia y energía entre la copa de las encinas y el suelo aledaño.
En relación a los efectos subsuperficiales se observó que el contenido de nutrientes en el suelo aledaño a las encinas visitas por Lasius neglectus fue mayor respecto del encontrado en encinas visitadas por hormigas nativas. Asimismo, la comunidad de microorganismos se diferenció según la presencia de hormigas nativas o de la invasora; tendiendo la biomasa microbiana del suelo a ser mayor en el caso de la presencia de Lasius neglectus. Según la localidad estudiada, la calidad de la hojarasca producida fue menor en los árboles visitados por Lasius neglectus. Sin embargo, la descomposición de la hojarasca de encina no fue modificada por la presencia de la hormiga invasora.
Se concluye que la presencia de Lasius neglectus modifica aquellos componentes, superficiales y subsuperficiales, del sistema de la encina que están directa o indirectamente relacionados con la colecta de melaza.
Invasive ants displace native ant species and other arthropods. As a consequence, at the invaded system biological interactions and ecological services provided by native ant species are modified. The aim of this study was to investigate some of the above-belowground effects of the invasive ant Lasius neglectus in an urban holm oak forest and to compare these effects with those of native ant species, in particular related to Lasius grandis.
Lasius neglectus mainly visited isolated trees where workers remained more months tending aphids and other insects. On the contrary, native ant tree visitation was not related to tree position in the fragments (isolated, edges or core trees). The only exception was the native ant Lasius grandis which remained more months at isolated trees in fragments where Lasius neglectus was not present. Native ant species richness and its tree visitation were lower at fragments where Lasius neglectus was present. Crematogaster scutellaris, Temnothorax lichtensteini y Lasius grandis were able to coexist with the invasive ant specie. Community structure of native ants did not differ from a random pattern with or without Lasius neglectus.
Some effects of the ant presence were investigated in detail at the holm oak (Quercus ilex) since this tree was the most abundant at the studied forest fragments.
Between May and October, two aphid species were found feeding at holm oak canopy: Hoplocallis picta, which was occasionally tended and Lachnus roboris which was the main tended species. At holm oaks visited by the invasive ant, the abundance of Lachnus roboris tended to increase twice, as well as their honeydew production related to results obtained at holm oaks visited by the native ant Lasius grandis. The percentage of tended colonies tended by Lasius neglectus was higher compared to the percentage tended by Lasius grandis. As a consequence, at the studied period, the invasive ant collected two fold of honeydew per tree related to the native ant. At holm oaks visited by Lasius neglectus or Lasius grandis colonies of Lachnus roboris fed mainly on acorn petiole or on their cap. However, there was not any difference of acorn production acorn or quality and sapling emergency or quality between these holm oaks.
Both ant species mainly captured Pscoptera and Hoplocallis picta as source of proteins. The percentage of workers carrying insects or pieces of arthropods in its jaws was higher for Lasius grandis.
Arthropod community and herbivory level was not modified due the presence of the invasive or the native ant. However, some particular groups showed differences of its abundance. At holm oaks visited by Lasius neglectus, spiders, weevils and aphids tended to increase its abundance while ladybird larvae (aphid predators) decreased markedly.
Honeydew production that was not collected by ants may reach the soil dissolved in throughfall as dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Honeydew collection by Lasius neglectus decreased DOC content in throughfall. This result suggests that the invasive ant interrupts the flux of energy and matter between canopy and the soil surrounding holm oaks.
In relation with belowground effects of Lasius neglectus soil nutrient content was higher beneath holm oaks visited by the invasive ant in relation to those trees visited by native ants. Soil microbial community was characterized by the presence of Lasius neglectus and microbial biomass tended to increase beneath holm oaks visited by this invasive ant. Depending on the study site, litter quality was lower at holm oaks visited by Lasius neglectus. Litter decomposition was not modified by the presence of the invasive ant.
I conclude that Lasius neglectus presence modifies those below-aboveground components of the holm oak system that are directly or indirectly related to honeydew collection.
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43

Veras, Eduardo Ferreira. "Seja faça experimente : enunciados imperativos na arte contemporânea (anos 2000)." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/72684.

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Esta pesquisa parte da constatação de uma insistente ocorrência de enunciados no modo verbal imperativo no campo da arte contemporânea. Esses comandos se inserem na própria configuração dos trabalhos artísticos, na forma de textos que funcionam como “instruções como arte”. A investigação se desenvolve no sentido de uma projeção anacrônica – da arte mais recente em direção à arte conceitual (anos 1960 e 70), em uma tentativa de apontar o que, no caso dos imperativos artísticos, poderia ser uma atualização de procedimentos e estratégias de um passado mais ou menos recente. Para tanto, a pesquisa recorre a dois estudos de caso: o primeiro sobre a exposição coletiva Located work (Madrid) (2008), concebida pelo norte-americano Joseph Kosuth, e o segundo sobre os três Estudos para espaço e tempo (1969-2001), do brasileiro Cildo Meireles. A análise revisa as disputas discursivas entre o conceitualismo político e o conceitual de viés tautológico, sinalizando para uma precariedade de conceitos e narrativas.
This research rises from the verification of the somewhat frequent use of the imperative form in statements in contemporary art. The commands are inserted in the art work itself in the form of “texts” that function as “instructions as art”. The investigation is developed in an anachronic projection – from the most recent art towards conceptual art (1960’s and 70’s), attempting to point out what, in the case of artistic imperatives, could be an updating of procedures and past strategies. In order to do that, the research seeks two study cases: one regarding the exhibit Located work (Madrid) (2008), conceived by Joseph Kosuth, and the other about Estudos para espaço e tempo (1969-2001), by Cildo Meireles. The analysis discusses the discoursives disputes between political conceptualism and tautological conceptual art, indicating a current precariousness of concepts and narratives.
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Meirelles, Lucila Carvalho Junqueira. "3 óperas de José Roberto Aguilar e algumas referências da arte conceitual dos anos 1970." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/27/27159/tde-12122011-223724/.

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Este estudo resulta de um levantamento de dados, reflexões e análises sobre 3 Óperas conceituais do artista plástico José Roberto Aguilar, realizadas nos anos 1970: Circo Antropofágico Ambulante Cósmico Latino Americano apresenta essa noite: a transformação permanente do tabu em totem; Ópera o 3º mundo; 3 lutas de samurai, 25 metros de pintura contra 3 demônios que assolam a vídeo-arte nacional. Sob a luz da arte conceitual praticada naquela época, foram selecionados alguns procedimentos e processos criativos utilizados pelo artista e a partir daí foram posicionados temas de discussão, como: a crítica da crítica, arte e magia, a performance do autor, o vídeo como mídia, temas pertinentes àquela época. O tema Antropofagia, recorrente na obra de Aguilar, foi abordado através de um vídeo de 13 minutos. A contribuição desta dissertação é revelar dados e pontos de vista de 3 Óperas de Aguilar e ampliar os arquivos da arte dos anos 1970 para os estudos contemporâneos.
This dissertation is the result of a data collection, reflections and analysis on the three conceptual Operas made by the artist Jose Roberto Aguilar, realized in the seventies: Circo Antropofágico Cósmico Ambulante Latino Americano apresenta esta noite: A Transformação permanente do Tabu em Totem; Ópera do 3º mundo; As 3 lutas de samurai e os 25 metros de pintura contra os demonios que assolam a arte contemporânea brasileira. Under the perspectives of the conceptual art at that time it was selected some procedures and creative processes used by the artist. From this point of view were positioned topics of discussion, like: the critic of the critic, art and Magic, authors performance, and video media. Important themes at that time. The theme Antropofagia, recurring in the work of Aguilar, was approached in a poetic 13-minute video, where the artist through interviews and reading the manifesto anthropophagic shows his vision of anthropophagic world. The contribution that master degree is to reveal datas and some points of views about three Operas Aguilar, and to amplify the archives of the art from the 70\'s, to contemporary studies.
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45

Abbott, Kirsten L. "Alien ant invasion on Christmas Island, Indian Ocean : the role of ant-scale associations in the dynamics of supercolonies of the yellow crazy ant, Anoplolepis gracilipes." Monash University, School of Biological Sciences, 2004. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/5141.

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46

Oliveira, Maria de Fátima Souza dos Santos de. "Controle de formigas cortadeiras (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) com produtos naturais /." Rio Claro : [s.n.], 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/106538.

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Orientador: Odair Correa Bueno
Banca: Luiz Carlos Forti
Banca: Maria Santina de Castro Morini
Banca: Osmar Malaspina
Banca: Ana Eugênia de Carvalho Campos Farinha
Abstract: The present work aimed to evaluate the efficiency of crude oils of Carapa guianensis Aubl. (crabwood), Elaeis guineensis Jacq. (African oil palm), Sesamum indicum L. (sesame), Ricinus communis L. (castor beans), Azadirachta indica Juss (neem), Theobroma cacao L. (cocoa), Anacardium occidentale L. (cashew nut) and crude extracts of Anacardium occidentale on leafcutting ants control, using Atta sexdens rubropilosa as model. Toxicity bioassays with ant workers were done using: 1) treatments by incorporation of crude oils or extracts in artificial diet and 2) treatments by topic application of crude oils or extracts on the ants pronotum. According to obtained results in toxicity tests, some crude oils and extracts were select to be incorporated in baits or applied by nebulization and tested on laboratory colonies. The crude oils or extracts more efficient on laboratory colonies control were tested on field grown up colonies. The obtained results in all toxicity tests permitted to select crude oils of C. guianensis, E. guineensis, S. indicum, R. communis, A. indica, A. occidentale and hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of A. occidentale to be applied by nebulization and crude oils of E. guineensis, A. indica and A. occidentale to be incorporated in baits and tested on laboratory colonies. On laboratory colonies, the nebulization with crude oils of C. guianensis, E. guineensis, S. indicum, R. communis and A. indica didn't cause any effect on colonies. Therefore, these crude oils don't must be used to leaf-cutting ants control. However, crude oil and hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of A. occidentale propitiated the extinction of colonies. The E. guineensis, A. indica and A. occidentale baits didn't any cause effect on colonies hence it follows that these baits don't must be used to leaf-cutting ant's control
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47

Diniz, Eduardo Arrivabene. "Evolução dos comportamentos de preparação do substrato para o cultivo do fungo simbionte e cuidados com a cria, rainha e alados em formigas da tribo Attini (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) /." Rio Claro : [s.n.], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/106563.

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Orientador: Odair Correa Bueno
Banca: Luiz Carlos Forti
Banca: Ana Paula Protti de Andrade Crusciol
Banca: Maria Santina de Castro Morini
Banca: Sulene Noriko Shima
Resumo: O presente trabalho teve como objetivo o estudo da evolução dos comportamentos de preparação do substrato, cuidado com a cria e cuidado com a rainha e alados em formigas cultivadoras de fungo. Estas formigas pertencem à tribo Attini, subfamília Myrmicinae, e ocorrem exclusivamente no continente americano. Esta tribo contém aproximadamente 230 espécies, porém pouco se conhece da biologia da maioria delas, graças ao fato de serem extremamente crípticas e de não apresentarem importância econômica, como as formigas cortadeiras, que são as mais estudadas. Foram utilizadas seis espécies, que representam bem os diversos níveis da filogenia da tribo: Acromyrmex disciger, Apterostigma pilosum, Mycetarotes parallelus, Myrmicocrypta sp., Trachymyrmex fuscus e Trachymyrmex sp. nov. Os comportamentos foram estudados em ninhos mantidos em laboratório, com o auxílio de micro-câmeras e um aparelho gravador de vídeo. Os comportamentos foram analisados, caracterizados e quantificados. Os resultados foram divididos em três capítulos de acordo com o tipo de comportamento. No capítulo sobre a evolução dos comportamentos de preparação do substrato foi observado que, basicamente, o processo evoluiu no sentido de aumentar a capacidade das operárias em decompor inicialmente o substrato. As espécies basais, A. pilosum, M. parallelus e Myrmicocrypta sp. apresentaram um processamento mais simples com um número menor de comportamentos e principalmente sem os comportamentos do tratamento químico, que é responsável pela fragmentação do substrato ao mesmo tempo em que ele é tratado com enzimas digestivas. As duas espécies do gênero Trachymyrmex apresentaram um processo mais complexo com grande participação do tratamento químico. Em A. disciger, que é uma cortadeira, há uma intensa especialização do sistema de castas para o aumento da eficiência... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: This work aims to study the evolution of the behaviors of substrate preparation, brood, queen and winged forms care in fungus growing ants. These ants are included in the tribe Attini, subfamily Myrmicinae, and occur exclusively in the american continent. This tribe contains approximately 230 species, but little is known about the biology of most of them, tanks to the fact that they show very cryptic habits and are not economically important, like the leaf cutting ants, which are the most studied. Six species were used in this work, which represent well all the levels of the phylogeny of the tribe: Acromyrmex disciger, Apterostigma pilosum, Mycetarotes parallelus, Myrmicocrypta sp., Trachymyrmex fuscus and Trachymyrmex sp. Nov. The behaviors were studied in laboratory nests, with a set of micro cameras and a video recording device. The behaviors were analyzed, characterized and quantified. The results were summarized and discussed in tree chapters, arranged by type of behavior. In the chapter about the evolution of the substrate preparation behaviors, basically it is assumed that this process evolved in order to develop the capacity of previously decompose the substrate by the workers. In the basal species, A. pilosum, M. parallelus and Myrmicocrypta sp. this process is very simple with a small number of behaviors and principally without the behaviors of chemical treatment, which are responsible for the fragmentation of the substrate as it is treated by with digestive enzymes. In the two species of the genus Trachymyrmex, the process became more complex and showed a greater participation of these behaviors. A. disciger, witch is a leaf cutting ant, showed an extensive specialization of physical castes in all the phases of the process which elevated it's efficiency. In the chapter about the evolution of the behaviors of brood care... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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48

Bass, Melanie. "Studies on the ant-fungus mutualism in leafcutting ants, Formicidae: Attini." Thesis, Bangor University, 1993. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/studies-on-the-antfungus-mutualism-in-leafcutting-ants-formicidae-attini(6c621edd-c450-4ebb-9c3d-c85057070727).html.

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49

MontBlanc, Eugénie M. "The effects of elevation, tree cover, and fire on ant populations in a pinyon-juniper dominated watershed." abstract and full text PDF (free order & download UNR users only), 2005. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1433389.

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50

Silva, Priscilla Ramos da. "Corpo e artes visuais nos anos 1990 : panorama de 97 e Bienal de 98." [s.n.], 2007. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/284269.

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Orientador: Maria de Fatima Morethy Couto
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Artes
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-09T07:54:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Silva_PriscillaRamosda_M.pdf: 49760618 bytes, checksum: 8b8ee852fb253ef74a01b1f26f588209 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007
Resumo: Este trabalho ¿ uma investigação sobre a emergência do tema do corpo nas artes visuais da década de 1990 ¿ é composto de três capítulos. O primeiro parte da premissa de que a irrupção do corpo como um tema privilegiado na arte dos anos 1990 relaciona-se ao estabelecimento de uma crise. Ao examinar esta crise, através de uma análise dos debates levantados por alguns teóricos do corpo na contemporaneidade, o capítulo tece um panorama para a compreensão da arte do corpo produzida nos anos 1990. Já o segundo capítulo trata de como a emergência do corpo enquanto um ¿problema¿ na cultura contemporânea refletiu-se no campo das artes visuais. Além de analisar alguns artistas e exposições que obtiveram destaque internacionalmente nos anos 1990, o capítulo discute as teorias ou conceitos do ¿abjeto¿ e do ¿pós-humano¿, largamente empregados pela crítica na caracterização da arte do corpo do período. Já o terceiro e último capítulo examina a arte do corpo realizada no Brasil tendo como parâmetros o 25º Panorama de Arte Brasileira (1997) e o segmento Um e Outro da XXIV Bienal de São Paulo (1998). Duas das mostras periódicas de maior prestígio no país, o Panorama e a Bienal atestam a importância assumida pelo tema do corpo na arte brasileira dos anos 1990
Abstract: This work ¿ an inquiry into the emergence of the theme of the body in the visual arts of the 1990s ¿ is constituted by three chapters. The first is based on the premise that the irruption of the body as a privileged theme in the art of the 1990s is related to the establishment of a crisis. By examining this crisis, through an analysis of the debates raised by some contemporary body theorists, the chapter weaves a panorama for the comprehension of the art of the body produced in the 1990s. The second chapter then investigates how the emergence of the body as a ¿problem¿ in contemporary culture was reflected in the visual arts field. Besides analyzing some artists an exhibitions which gained prominence internationally in the 1990s, the chapter discusses the theories or concepts of the ¿abject¿ and the ¿post-human¿, largely employed in the characterization of the art of the body of the period. The third and final chapter then examines the art of the body produced in Brazil taking as parameters the 25th Brazilian Art Panorama (1997) and the One and Other segment of the 24th São Paulo Biennial. Two of the most prestigious periodical shows in the country, the Panorama and the Biennial demonstrate the importance gained by the theme of the body in the Brazilian art of the 1990s
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