Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'ANTXR1'

Tiivistelmä. Robotti on jo noin 80 vuotta vanha käsite, mutta nykyistä muotoaan robotiikka on alkanut saavuttaa vasta 1900-luvun loppupuolella teollisuuden myötä. Robotiikka onkin nopeassa kasvussa oleva teknologian ala. Sille pyritään jatkuvasti etsimään uusia sovelluskohteita ja se on korvannut ihmisiä jo monilla aloilla, kuten teollisuuden kokoonpanolinjoilla. Lisäksi robotiikka on tullut osaksi lääketiedettä ja palvelualoja, ja autonomiset autot tulevat yleistymään liikenteessä lähivuosina. Robottien yleistyessä on otettava huomioon myös turvallisuusnäkökulma, jotta niiden kanssa toimiminen olisi ihmisille luontevaa ja riskitöntä. Kun robotit kykenevät paremmin havainnoimaan ympäristöään esimerkiksi erilaisten sensorien avulla, tulee niiden käytöstä turvallisempaa. Tässä työssä esitellään puristusvoima-anturin käyttöä osana robottitarttujaa, jolla pyritään tarttumaan erilaisiin kappaleisiin. Työssä käytetyn robottitarttujan toiminta perustuu servomoottorin ja anturin yhteistoimintaan, jota ohjataan Arduino Uno -kehitysalustan avulla. Työssä tultiin tulokseen, että puristusvoima-anturi on hyödyllinen apuväline robottitarttujan toiminnassa. Tämä korostuu varsinkin silloin, kun tarttujan välissä on kova periksiantamaton kappale, mikä voi johtaa servon tai laitteiston rikkoontumiseen. Työssä käytetty anturi todettiin kuitenkin liian pieneksi, sillä se ei tunnista kappaleita, jotka ovat hieman suurikokoisempia ja joissa on tasainen pinta.Force sensing resistor as a part of robot gripper. Abstract. As a concept, robot is about 80 years old already, but the robotics has started to reach its current form in the late 20th century by becoming common with industry. The robotics is a quickly growing field of technology. New applications for robotics are constantly being striven to find, and the robotics has already replaced people in many fields, for example in assembly lines in industry. In addition, the robotics has become a part of medicine and service industry, and autonomous cars will become more general in traffic in the near future. While robots are getting more common, the security perspective of robotics should be also taken into account. This is necessary for the interaction with robots to be natural and risk free for human beings. When robots are able to detect their environment better, for example by using different sensors, it becomes safer to use them. In this project force sensing resistor is introduced as a part of a robot gripper, which is trying to catch different objects. The action of the robot gripper is based on the cooperation of servomotor and FSR, that are being controlled by Arduino Uno -development board. In conclusion, the FSR is a useful tool for the robot gripper. This appears especially when there is a tough object that won’t bend inside the gripper. This can break the servo or the setup. The sensor used in this project appeared to be too small, because it does not recognize objects that are slightly larger and have a flat surface.

Para Antero de Quental, acreditar num Deus supremo foi o alicerce onde firmou todo o seu projeto de vida. A perda desse fundamento transformou o poeta num ser angustiado, pessimista e cheio de dúvidas. Esses sentimentos permaneceram ao longo de toda a sua trajetória de vida, levando-o à busca de Deus pelos caminhos da Filosofia. Percorrendo-os, foi atribuindo novos nomes a Deus - Bem, Justiça, Verdade, Absoluto, Idéia, Ignotus, Inconsciente -, na tentativa de conciliação entre o seu novo ser e o que fôra em sua juventude. Nesta busca de um impossível, conseguiu apenas um simulacro de solução: a evasão pela morte. Como um romântico - que, no fundo, sempre foi - matou-se na sua Ilha de São Miguel, sentado em um banco de praça, diante de um muro onde se lia a palavra cujo sentido perdera: Esperança.
For Antero de Quental, believing in a supreme God was the foundation on which he based his whole lifes project. The loss of this belief transformed the poet into an anguished, pessimistic and questioning being. These feelings remained throughout his whole life, leading him to a search for God by the ways of philosophy. Following those, he started to give new names to God - Goodness, Justice, Truth, Absolute, Idea, Ignotus, Unconscious -, in an attempt to conciliate his new being and what he had been in his youth. In this search for the impossible, he found only a fake solution: evasion trough death. As a romantic - which, deep down, he had always been - he killed himself in the Isle of São Miguel, sitting at a bench on a town square, facing a wall where one could read the word whose sense had been lost to him: Hope.

J’étudie dans cette thèse les mécanismes moléculaires de l’asymétrie précoce de l’ectoderme d’un chordé, l’ascidie Ciona intestinalis. Rose (1939) a été la première à mettre en évidence que les ectodermes antérieur et postérieur possèdent une différence de compétence à répondre aux signaux més-endodermiques. Le lignage antérieur a semble plus compétent que le lignage postérieur b à former du tissu neural antérieur (tel que le cerveau). L’identification d’un marqueur spécifique de l’ectoderme antérieur, le gène Ci-SFRP1/5, a permis l’étude des événements en amont de son expression au stade 64-cellules. J’ai ainsi identifié un élément cis-régulateur exprimé spécifiquement dans l’ectoderme antérieur dès le stade 64-cellules. Cet élément contient 3 sites putatifs de fixation Fox, et est activé par la sur-expression de Ci-FoxA-a, le gène antérieur le plus précoce connu. Ci-FoxA-a, exprimé dans la moitié antérieure de l’embryon dès le stade 8-cellules mais absent de l’ectoderme postérieur, joue un rôle global dans l’ectoderme, activant les marqueurs antérieurs et réprimant activement le programme postérieur. L’expression du gène postérieur le plus précoce, Ci-Nodal, semble inhibée antérieurement par la présence d’un Fox. Une compétition stérique entre FoxA-a et les activateurs GATA et ETS semble l’hypothèse la plus probable pour expliquer cette inhibition. Dans l’ectoderme antérieur, la perte de fonction de Ci-SFRP1/5, connu chez d’autres organismes comme inhibiteur sécrété des Wnt, apparaît insuffisante pour supprimer la formation de l’ectoderme antérieur, révélant une possible redondance fonctionnelle. L’activation de la voie canonique Wnt/ß-caténine est néanmoins incompatible avec le développement du tissu neural antérieur. Je discute enfin, au regard des autres modèles de détermination antéro-postérieure de l’ectoderme chez les chordés, les mécanismes conservés et les stratégies nouvelles développées par l’embryon d’ascidie
In this thesis, I address the molecular mechanism of the early asymmetry in the ectoderm of a chordate, the ascidian Ciona intestinalis. Since Rose (1939) it was known that anterior and posterior ectodermal lineages have different competence to respond to endo-mesodermal signals. The anterior a-line appears more competent than the posterior b-line to form anterior neural tissue (brain). The identification of a specific marker for the anterior ectoderm, the Ci-SFRP1/5 gene, allowed addressing the events upstream of its expression at the 64-cell stage. I identified a small cis-regulatory element expressed from the 64-cell stage specifically in the anterior ectoderm, and activated by Ci-FoxAa-a, the earliest known anterior specific gene. Ci-FoxA-a, expressed in the anterior half of the embryo from the 8-cell stage but absent from the posterior ectoderm plays a global role in the ectoderm, activating the anterior ectodermal markers while actively repressing the posterior ectodermal programme. I finally discuss, in light of other model for anteroposterior patterning in chordates, the common conserved mechanisms and the possible new strategies develop by the ascidian embryo

Introducció: La gastrectomia vertical laparoscòpica és una de les tècniques en cirurgia bariàtrica més comú. No existeix consens sobre la distància òptima entre el pílor i l’inici de la secció gàstrica. L’objectiu d’aquest estudi és determinar les diferències en el buidament gàstric, volum gàstric, resposta metabòlica i pèrdua ponderal entre dues distàncies d’inici de secció. Material i Mètodes: Estudi prospectiu aleatoritzat de 60 pacients (30 pacients amb secció a 3cm i 30 pacients a 8 cm del pílor). Als 6 i 12 mesos postoperatoris es va calcular el buidament gàstric mitjançant gammagrafia (T1/2 min), volum gàstric mitjançant TC (cc) i resposta metabòlica mitjançant analítica sanguínia. La pèrdua ponderal fou analitzada als 3, 6 i 12 mesos postoperatoris. Resultats: La velocitat de buidament gàstric augmenta significativament en ambdós grups però és major en el grup 3cm (p < 0.05). Si dividim la mostra en funció de la seva condició de diabètics observem que la velocitat en el grup no diabètic 3cm és significativament més alta. Analitzant la pèrdua ponderal amb PEBMIL s’obté major percentatge de resultats excel·lents en el grup 3cm. L’EWL també situa els millors resultats en el grup 3cm. Un any després de la cirurgia s’observa una significativa millora de la hiperinsulinèmia en els pacients del grup 3cm respecte el grup 8cm, però només en els diabètics. La concentració d’incretines no mostrà diferències entre grups. Conclusions: El buidament gàstric és més ràpid en el grup de resecció antral. La distancia no influencia el buidament gàstric en els pacients diabètics. Poden existir altres mecanismens més enllà del GLP-1 que regulin la resposta metabólica a través del buidament gàstric. En el grup de ressecció antral s’observa menor percentatge de resultats subòptims segons EWL i un major percentil de %TWL .
Introducción: La gastrectomía vertical laparoscópica es una de las técniques más comunes en cirugía bariátrica. No existe consenso sobre la distancia óptima entre el píloro y el inicio de la sección gàstrica. El objectivo de este estudio es determinar las diferencias en el vaciamiento gástrico, volumen gástrico, respuesta metabòlica y pérdida ponderal entre dos distancias de inicio de sección. Material y Métodos: Estudio prospectivo aleatorizado de 60 pacientes (30 pacientes con sección a 3cm i 30 pacientes a 8 cm del píloro). A los 6 y 12 meses postoperatorios se calcúló el vaciamiento gástrico mediante gammagrafia (T1/2 min), volumen gástrico mediante TC (cc) y respuesta metabòlica mediante analítica sanguínea. La pérdida ponderal se analizó a los 3, 6 i 12 meses postoperatorios. Resultados: La velocidad de vaciamiento gástrico aumenta significativamente en ambos grups però és mayor en el grupo 3cm (p < 0.05). Si dividimos la muestra en función de su condición de diabéticos observamos que la velocidad en el grup no diabético 3 cm es significativamente mayor. Analizando la pérdida ponderal con PEBMIL se obtiene mayor porcentaje de resultados excelentes en el grupo 3cm. El EWL también sitúa mejores resultados en el grupo 3 cm. Un año tras la cirugía se observa una significativa mejoría de la hiperinsulinémia en los pacientes del grupo 3 cm respecto el grupo 8 cm per sólo en los diabéticos. La concentración de incretinas no mostró diferencias entre grupos. Conclusiones: El vaciamiento gástrico és más rápido en el grupo de resección antral. La distancia no influencia el vaciamiento gástrico en los pacientes diabéticos. Pueden existir otros mecanismos más allá del GLP-1 que regulen la respuesta metabólica a través del vaciamiento gástrico. En el grupo de resección antral se observó un menor porcentaje de resultados subóptimos según EWL y un mayor percentil de %TWL.
Introduction: Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy is one of the most common techniques in bariatric surgery, but there is no consensus on the optimal distance from the pylorus to start the gastric transection. The aim of this study is to determine the differences in gastric emptying, gastric distension, metabolic response and weight loss between two starting distances. Material and Methods: This is a prospective randomised study of 60 patients (30 patients with the section at 3 cm and 30 patients at 8 cm from the pylorus). We calculate at 6 and 12 months from surgery gastric emptying by scintigraphy (T1/2 min), gastric volume by CT scan (cc) and metabolic response by blood sample analysis. Weight loss was analysed at 3, 6 and 12 months from surgery. Results: Gastric emptying increases the speed significantly in both groups but is greater in the 3cm group (p < 0.05). Dividing groups into type 2 diabetic patients and nondiabetic patients, the speed in non-diabetic patients is significantly higher for the 3-cm group. With the PEBMIL, the 3 cm group reaches 67.8% classified as excellent, while 8 cm group reaches 62.8% classified as a good result. EWL situates the best results for 3 cm group. One year after surgery, there are significant improvements in the hyperinsulinaemia in the patients of the 3- cm group with respect to the 8-cm group, but only in diabetic patients. No differences between groups are found regarding changes in GLP-1 or GIP. Conclusions: Gastric emptying is faster in patients with antrum resection. The distance does not influence the gastric emptying of diabetic patients. Other mechanisms may explain metabolic response besides GLP-1 and its association with improvements in diabetes via gastric emptying. Lower percentage of suboptimal results using EWL and higher percentile of %TWL were observed in patients with antrum resection.

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O objetivo desta pesquisa foi estudar as diferenças e semelhanças percebidas na lírica de Antero de Quental e Florbela Espanca, com relação às temáticas: Amar e Pensar; dando-se ênfase ao papel do leitor cooperativo, ou seja, aquele que está em constante diálogo com o texto, cedendo aos seus apelos e preenchendo os seus vazios. Os caminhos percorridos foram norteados pelo comparativismo e pela Estética da Recepção, teorias que se afiguraram de grande interesse para o desenvolvimento deste trabalho

Capillary Morphogenesis Gene 2 (CMG2) is a type I transmembrane, integrin-like receptor. It was originally identified as one of several genes upregulated during capillary formation. It was subsequently identified as one of two physiological anthrax toxin receptors, where CMG2 serves as a cell-surface receptor for anthrax toxin and mediates entry of the toxin into cells via clathrin-dependent endocytosis. Additionally, loss-of-function mutations in CMG2 cause the genetic disorder hyaline fibromatosis syndrome (HFS), where the core symptom is dysregulation of extracellular matrix homeostasis (ECM), including excessive accumulation of proteinaceous hyaline material; HFS clearly indicates that CMG2 plays an essential function in ECM homeostasis and repair. Most often, these situational roles have been evaluated as separate intellectual and experimental entities; consequently, whereas details have emerged for each respective situational role, there has been little attempt to synthesize knowledge from each situational role in order to model a holistic map of CMG2 function and mechanism of action in normal physiology.The work presented in this thesis is an example of such a synthesis. Interactions between CMG2 and type IV collagen (Col IV) were evaluated, to better understand this putative interaction and its effect on CMG2 function in angiogenesis. Using an overlapping library peptide array of the Col IV α1 and α2 chains, it was found that CMG2-binding peptides were enriched within the NC1 domains. This finding was corroborated via another epitope mapping peptide array, where we found a major epitope for CMG2-binding within the α2 NC1 domain (canstatin). Identification of CMG2 interactions with Col IV NC1 domains (including canstatin) was both surprising and intriguing, as these domains are potent endogenous inhibitors of angiogenesis. To further evaluate the physiological relevance of interactions with Col IV NC1 domains, a canstatin-derived peptide from the original array was synthesized and used for further studies. This peptide (here known as S16) binds with high affinity (KD = 440 ± 160 nM) to the extracellular, ligand-binding CMG2 vWA domain; specificity was confirmed through competition studies with anthrax toxin PA, and through demonstration of divalent cation-dependent binding. CMG2 was found to be the relevant endothelial receptor for S16. CMG2 in fact mediates endocytic uptake of peptide S16, as demonstrated by flow cytometry, and colocalization studies. S16 further inhibits migration of endothelial cells. These findings demonstrate that CMG2 is a functional receptor for Col IV NC1 domain fragments. CMG2 may exert a pro-angiogenic effect through endocytosis and clearance of anti-angiogenic NC1 domain fragments. Additionally, this is the first demonstration of CMG2-mediated uptake of an endogenous matrix fragment, and suggests a mechanism by which CMG2 regulates ECM and basement membrane homeostasis, thereby establishing a functional connection between the receptor's role in matrix biology and angiogenesis.

Bakalauro darbe nagrinėjami akademinio jaunimo gyvensenos aspektai. Sveikos gyvensenos elementai yra sveika mityba, grūdinimąsis, fizinis aktyvumas, tinkamas poilsis, žalingų įpročių atsisakymas ir kita. Šiame darbe nagrinėjami keli, didžiausią Lietuvos ir užsienio mokslininkų susidomėjimą sukėlę, gyvensenos aspektai. Suformuluota hipotezė, kad akademinis jaunimas nėra pati sveikiausia visuomenės dalis. Gyvensenos analizė turėtų patvirtinti jaunimo sveikatos problemas, susijusias su žalingų medžiagų vartojimu, polinkiu į pasyvų gyvenimo būdą, nesveikos mitybos bei stresu. Subjektyvus savo sveikatos vertinimas turėtų įrodyti studentų nuostatą sveikos gyvensenos atžvilgiu. Tyrime dalyvavo 120 Šiaulių universiteto antro kurso studentų. Dalyvavo įvairaus profilio būsimų specialistų: 40 Socialinės gerovės ir negalės studijų fakulteto, 40 Humanitarinio fakulteto ir 40 Technologinio fakulteto studentų. Anketinės apklausos metodu tirti Šiaulių universiteto antro kurso studentų gyvensenos aspektai. Pirmoji anketos dalis, skirta išsiaiškinti studento nuomonę, kiek svarbūs žmogaus sveikatai yra įvairūs dalykai, ir kiek pats studentas juos realizuoja. Antrąja anketos dalimi siekiama įvertinti studento nuomonę apie svarbiausias sveikatos problemas konkrečiai aukštojoje mokykloje, kurioje mokosi. Trečiojoje anketos dalyje studentai prašomi pažymėti, kiek realiai įgyvendinamos sveikatos stiprinimo įvairios priemonės dabartiniu metu Lietuvoje. Tyrimu nustatyta, kad Šiaulių universiteto... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
The bachelor paper deals with aspects of academic youth lifestyle. Healthy lifestyle comprises healthy nutrition, hardening, physical activity, due rest, refusal from bad habits etc. The paper deals with a number of lifestyle aspects, causing largest attention of both Lithuanian and foreign researchers. Hypothesis is formulated: academic youth is not the healthiest part of population. Lifestyle analysis should confirm youth health problems, related with consumption of harmful substances, tend to passive way of living, unhealthy nutrition and stress. Subjective self-evaluation should prove students’ attitude towards healthy lifestyle. 120 2nd year students from Siauliai University participated in the study. Their profiles varied as follows: 40 students from Social Wellbeing and Disability Faculty, 40 from The Humanities Faculty and 40 from Technology Faculty. Questioning survey was used to examine lifestyle aspects of 2nd year students from Siauliai University. The first part of survey was used to find out students’ opinion on how important for human health are various factors and how he/she realizes them. The second part was used to assess students’ opinion on the most important health problems in the university he/she is studying. The third part asked the students to note how various health strengthening means are realized in practice in today’s Lithuania. The study disclosed that lifestyle of 2nd year students from Siauliai University is not the healthiest. Among the... [to full text]

Magistro baigiamojo darbo objektas – knygotyros periodika, leidžiama pasaulyje nuo Antrojo pasaulinio karo. Darbo tikslas – nalizuoti ir įvertinti po Antrojo pasaulinio karo įvairiose pasaulio šalyse leidžiamus knygotyros periodinius leidinius. Darbo uždaviniai: aptarti knygotyros mokslo ryšį su artimais jai mokslais; apibrėžti knygotyros periodikos sąvoką; nustatyti knygotyros periodinių leidinių vaidmenį knygotyros mokslui; išanalizuoti knygotyros periodikos susiformavimą; sudaryti pasaulio knygotyros periodikos, leidžiamos po Antrojo pasaulinio karo, sąrašą; aprašyti įvairių pasaulio šalių mokslinius ir nemokslinius knygotyros periodinius leidinius. Naudojami šaltinių ir vidinės dokumentų analizės, lyginimo ir apibendrinimo metodai, o taip pat empiriniai tyrimo metodai, tokie kaip dokumentų analizė ir paskirstymo rangais metodas. Analizuojant pačius leidinius, įvairią literatūrą ir internetinius šaltinius bandoma sukurti bendrą pasaulio knygotyros periodikos, leidžiamos Antrojo pasaulinio karo vaizdą. Nustatyta knygotyros periodikos svarba knygotyros mokslui ir knygyninkystės sričių atstovams. Sudarytas 441 knygotyros periodinį leidinį apimantis sąrašas, vadovaujantis juo nustatytos daugiausiai leidinių leidžiančios šalys bei produktyviausias knygotyros laikotarpis po Antrojo pasaulinio karo. Pastebėtos leidinių kiekio mažėjimo ir skaitmeninio tendencijos. Atkreipiamas dėmesys į sunkią Lietuvos padėti knygotyrinių periodinių leidinių srityje. Magistro darbas gali būti... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
Master's thesis subject is book science periodicals, published in the World since the Second World War. The aim of this thesis is to analyze and evaluate books science periodicals published in different parts of the World after the Second World. Objectives are: to discuss the science of book it’s close relations with other sciences, to define the concept of book periodicals, define the role of book science periodicals for books science, to analyze the emergence of book periodicals, to make a list of book science periodicals which are published in the different parts of the World after the Second World War, to describe scientific and unscientific book science periodicals. Sources and internal data analysis, comparison and aggregation methods, as well as empirical methods, such as document analysis, distribution of grades and method of data analysis are used. Analyzing periodicals, different kinds of literature and online sources trying to create a common image of book science periodicals published after World War II. In this paper is defined the importance of book science books periodicals for science and publishing fields. The list consisting of 441 book science periodicals is created. Master's thesis may be a useful to book researchers, traditional and electronic publishing, library and other information and communication scientists and practicians, publishing, communication sciences disciplines, teachers, publishers, journalists and students.

Cette these de 471 pages est consacree a l'un des plus importants romans populaires arabes, sirat antar. Ce roman s'inscrit dans le cadre d'une litterature intermediaire entre la litterature savante et le folklore. L'histoire est preislamique. La these demontre que ce roman est digne d'etre qualifie de litterature. La premiere partie qui traite l'aspect historique est consacree a une comparaison des donnees historiques entre le roman de antar et les sources savantes arabes. Cette partie examine trois guerres historiquement verifiables, et l'usage fait par le conteur des personnages historiques. A travers cette comparaison nous comprenons comment le conteur utilise le fonds historique. La deuxieme partie qui est une etude litteraire traite du caractere fictionnel du roman et de sa place dans l'ensemble des oeuvres de la litterature intermediaire. Cette etude compare le role des personnages dans le roman de antar avec d'autres romans populaires arabes ou persans. La partie la plus importante de cette comparaison est celle qui concerne les triades heroiques et ennemies. Ensuite ont ete etudies le role du roi zuhayr et de ses fils ainsi que le role de la femme. La troisieme partie de la these est une "sequence type" suivie de son analyse. Cette sequence est basee sur celles que l'on trouve dans le roman. Cette demarche facilite la comprehension de l'infrastructure de l'oeuvre. Comme annexe se trouvent un resume de 80 pages, une bibliographie, trois cartes representant les tribus et les relations politiques entre les puissances de l'epoque, ainsi que la table de transcription arabe utilisee
This thesis is a 471 page study in french of the arabic popular epic, sirat antar. The popular epic falls midway between a purely oral tradition and the "learned" written arabic tradition. The thesis demonstrates that this pre-islamic work qualifies as literature, despite the scorn with which such popular epics were regarded until recently. Two approaches were used to show that the work qualifies as literature : a study of the incorporation of historical facts in the work, and a literary analysis of characters and themes. These two approaches provide the first two sections of the main body of the thesis. In the first part, major historically verifiable wars and historically verifiable characters are shown to be reflected, in whole or in part, within the epic's framework. The epic's depiction of daily life during the pre-islamic era is also considered. The second part studies, from a literary standpoint, the roles of the heroic triad, the triad of enemies, the king and his sons, and the role of women in the epic. In this part, major themes are noted. This literary analysis is not limited to the epic itself but includes pertinent comparisons with other popular works from approximately the same historical period. The third part of the thesis is a creative work, based on the epic. It is not a translation of a given sequence, but a synthesis of many of the epic's major sequences. It is meant to represent a "typical sequence", making the style of the original's six-thousand pages accesible even to a reader who does not know arabic. This sequence is followed by a paragraph-by-paragraph analysis explaining the choice of points it incorporates from the epic. Following the main body of the thesis is a summary of the entire epic and a bibliography. The annex includes 3 maps showing tribes, zones of influence and political relations in the pre-islamic middle east and a table of the transcription used for arabic words

One factor implicated in mediating contact-repulsive activity is the molecule F-Spondin. However, findings with regard to its effects on the sensory neurite pathfinding are contradictory. Initially, I have shown that this contradiction results from membrane sequestration by COS7 cells of full-length protein used. The bulk of the work described here concerns the identification of genes differentially expressed between anterior and posterior half-sclerotomes as this is a prerequisite for the further investigation into the molecular mechanisms of somite segmentation and development. I developed a novel amplification method to generate sufficient material from anterior and posterior half-sclerotomes from mouse embryos to allow transcriptional profiling using oligonucleotide microarrays. Computational validation indicated that differences in expression data reflected differences between anterior and posterior sclerotome-halves. Statistical approaches identified a pool of ~60 candidates as putatively differentially expressed between anterior and posterior halves. Whole mount in situ hybridisation was used to verify the potential differential localisation of these candidates, resulting in 12-32 differentially expressed genes. Seven confirmed differentially expressed candidates were chosen on the basis of temporo-spatial expression patterns for further analysis using in vitro axon guidance assays. These secreted and transmembrane proteins were cloned into a mammalian expression vector such as to allow for production of soluble protein. The supernatants from transiently transfected cultured mammalian cells were used to conduct preliminary experiments into the potential of these molecules as axon repellents in the PNS.

El propósito de este estudio fue determinar la posición del hueso hioides en sentido antero posterior en los biotipos faciales. El hueso hioides es un hueso flotante y su posición en el espacio puede variar ya a sus uniones musculares, ligamentosas, facia de la faringe, mandíbula y cráneo. Debido a que existen estudios que refieren que la ubicación del hueso hioides es un reflejo de la tensión de los músculos, ligamentos y facia anclados a el; también hay diferencias en los biotipos faciales con respecto a la tonicidad muscular, dirección de crecimiento mandibular, etc. Otros estudios describen las variaciones del hueso hioides en sentido vertical cuando el paciente presenta respiración bucal, etc; pero ninguno determina si existe diferencias en la ubicación del hueso hioides en sentido antero posterior con respecto a los biotipos faciales. La hipótesis fue que sí existen variaciones en la posición del hioides en sentido antero posterior con respecto a los biotipos faciales. El estudio fue descriptivo, transversal y comparativo y cefalométrico. La muestra fue 126 radiografías pertenecientes al Centro Diagnostico por Imágenes Dr. Hugo Aguayo Olivares, 42 radiografías por cada biotipo facial con un rango de edad desde 14 años hasta 35 años. Para la recolección de datos se utilizó el equipo para radiología digital PLANMECA ProMax fabricado por Helsinki – Finlandia y se operó con un rango de 8 - 14 MA y de 70 – 72 KV (dependiendo del tipo de paciente) con un tiempo de exposición de 6.5 segundos. Posteriormente se coloco una hoja de papel acetato sobre la placa radiográfica y se prosiguió a realizar el trazado cefalométrico de Ricketts, sobre un negatoscopio y se realizo el análisis de Vert, determinando el biotipo facial. Posteriormente se mide en milímetros la distancia del punto H a la línea Ptv. Según los resultados obtenidos, la posición del hueso hioides es más posterior en los dólicofaciales y más anterior en los braquifaciales. Por lo tanto se concluye que si existen diferencias en la ubicación del hueso hioides en sentido antero posterior con respecto a los biotipos faciales.
Tesis

Doutoramento em Estudos Culturais
Antero de Quental, poeta e pensador de altíssima craveira intelectual, desempenhou no século XIX um mui relevante papel na renovação da mentalidade da elite cultural da nação portuguesa. Para isso, foram contributos decisivos a sua elevada envergadura moral, a grande qualidade da sua vasta produção literária (poesia e prosa), os seus ensaios filosóficos e as suas intervenções cívicas e políticas; umas e outras, sempre apontadas ao ideal de renovação das ideias, ao aprimoramento normativo do dever e do bem adstrito ao ser humano, à progressão social, à regeneração do país e, obviamente, à modernização de Portugal. Da vastidão da obra anteriana, do seu valor intrínseco e da análise dos seus conteúdos, não nos ocupámos na elaboração da tese de doutoramento que ora apresentamos em sede própria de superior apreciação doutoral. E a razão é simples: no caso de Antero de Quental trata-se de um vasto campo de realização literária e de exercício filosófico, do maior interesse cultural e, por demais propenso à reflexão, que se encontra muito explorado sob vários ângulos de apreciação por parte de reputados especialistas e intelectuais nacionais e estrangeiros – neste grupo, com realce para alguns professores universitários brasileiros, autores de valiosos estudos sobre a personalidade anteriana e as suas produções literárias (em poesia e em prosa). Por isso, a nossa tarefa de pesquisa e de análise concernente ao objecto da tese incidiu sobre as formas de articulação do conceito de Patriotismo que Antero de Quental expressou em vida e na sua obra. É uma parte componente do seu labor intelectual que não tem sido contemplada analiticamente na bibliografia anteriana, até à presente data – conforme depreendemos da extensa procura que fizemos e como se denota na obra Antero de Quental: Elementos para uma Bibliografia, da autoria de Maria do Rosário Azenha, publicada na Revista de História das Ideias, da Faculdade de Letras da Universidade de Coimbra, Volume 13,1991, pp. 441-512. A nós, apraz-nos abordar tal temática específica da obra anteriana numa perspectiva de relativa novidade para o público e de a este facultar não só o seu conhecimento, como a demonstração da perenidade de determinados pensamentos e conceitos doutrinário/filosóficos formulados por Antero; os quais, de tão ajustados à situação de crise profunda que actualmente afecta a nação portuguesa, dir-se-ia que teriam sido expressos no tempo presente. O que, também, releva de superior interesse, de abalizado significado, de grande oportunidade e de valiosa contribuição, nos planos político e cultural, para nos termos debruçado com a maior motivação, sentido crítico e de espírito aberto e construtivo, sobre a temática da crónica crise que, em continuidade de séculos, avassala Portugal e as suas sacrificadas gentes e de que Antero de Quental se deu conta, se permitiu crítica e formulou doutrinação e juízos apontados à regeneração da sociedade portuguesa. Claro que – para além de na obra de Antero nos atermos à componente relativa ao patriotismo, encarando-a no sentido de bem interpretarmos o seu enquadramento sociopolítico e cultural no plano da contemporaneidade em que ela se formulou – também hemos seguido um percurso analítico que, implicitamente, nos levou a considerar a relativa importância, atingida a posteriori, do papel de influência que ela desempenhou e – desempenha - nas áreas da cultura, da política nacional e no porvir da nação portuguesa. Ademais, sem abstrair a relevância da multifacetada obra anteriana nos domínios da literatura (poesia e prosa), da filosofia e da cultura, haverá sempre que considerar num aprofundado e abrangente estudo da mesma, a importância de nele inserir, especificamente, o referido conceito de patriotismo, compaginado nos atinentes campos da reflexão e da analítica. Afinal, um enunciado procedimento que julgamos fixado num abrangente quadro da história pátria. Este, perspectivado em termos sincrónicos e diacrónicos. Outrossim, um propósito que, numa perspectiva nacional, almejámos concretizar na nossa dissertação; o qual, quisemos definido e explicito relativamente a tudo aquilo que concerne a graves acontecimentos, sérios problemas, complicadas situações, grandes anseios, exageradas preocupações e insuportáveis tormentos, do ser humano em particular e do colectivo dos cidadãos portugueses em geral. Para concretizarmos tão ambicioso desiderato certamente que, não desvalorizando os efeitos valorativos da apreensão dos conhecimentos decorrentes da globalidade da obra anteriana introduzidos no seio da sociedade, procurámos exercitar juízos de objectividade e postulados credíveis nas áreas das indispensáveis pesquisa e análise crítica; os quais, se nos afigura estarem libertos de preconceitos e de ideias preconcebidas. Igualmente, procurando assegurar fiabilidade ao escopo analítico e às conclusões; estas e aquele, delineados em correlativa ordem sequencial na elaboração da tese.
Antero de Quental, poète et penseur de très haut niveau intellectuel, a exercé au XIXè siècle un rôle très relevant dans la rénovation de la mentalité de l'élite culturelle de la nation portugaise. Pour cela, son élevé sens moral, l'énorme qualité de son ample production littéraire (poésie et prose), ses essais philosophiques et ses interventions politiques ont été des apports décisifs; les unes et les autres, toujours visant de l'idéal renouvellement des idées, au renouvellement normatif du devoir et du bien astreint à l'être humain, à la progression social, à la régénération du pays et évidemment à la modernisation du Portugal. De l'étendue de l’oeuvre anteriana*, de sa valeur intrinsèque et de l'analyse de son contenu, nous ne nous sommes pas occupés dans l'élaboration de la thèse du doctorat que nous présentons en ce siège de supérieure appréciation doctorale. Et la raison est simple: dans le cas de Antero de Quental, il s'agit d'un vaste champ de réalisation littéraire et d'exercice philosophique, du plus grand intérêt culturel et, de plus propice à la réflexion, qui se trouve très exploité sous plusieurs angles d’appréciation par des spécialistes et intellectuels réputés, nationaux et étrangers – dans ce groupe, mettant en relief quelques professeurs universitaires brésiliens, auteurs d'études de valeur sur la personnalité anteriana et ses productions littéraires (en poésie et en prose). C'est pour cela que notre tache de recherche et analyse concernant l'objet de la thèse, tombe sur les formes d'articulation du concept de Patriotisme que Antero de Quental a exprimé de son vivant et dans son oeuvre. C'est une part composante de son labeur intellectuel que n'a pas été contemplé analytiquement jusqu'à nos jours, dans la bibliographie anteriana - selon ce que nous avons déduit de la longue recherche faite et qui se dénote dans l’oeuvre de Antero de Quental: Éléments pour une Bibliographie, de l'auteur Maria do Rosário Azenha, publié dans la Revue de l'Histoire des Idées, de la Faculté de Lettres de l'Université de Coimbra, Volume 13,1991, pp. 441-512. Nous, il nous plaît d'aborder une telle thématique spécifique de l’oeuvre anteriana dans une perspective de relative nouveauté pour le public destinée à lui fournir non seulement la connaissance, mais aussi leur démontrer la pérennité de certaines pensées et concepts doctrinaires/philosophiques formulés par Antero, lesquels, tellement ajustés à la situation de crise profonde qui affecte actuellement la nation portugaise, qu'ils auraient pu être exprimés dans le temps présent. Ce qui relève aussi d'un intérêt supérieur, d'une remarquable signification, de grande opportunité et de précieuse contribution, sur les plans politique et culturel, pour nous pencher avec la plus grande motivation, sens critique et d'esprit ouvert et constructif, sur la thématique de la crise chronique qui pendant des siècles, asservit le Portugal e son peuple, bien perçus par Antero de Quental, ce qui lui a permis des critiques et la formulation d'endoctrinement et jugements dirigés sur la régénération de la société portugaise. Évidemment - si au-delà de l’oeuvre de Antero, nous nous soumettons à la composante relative au patriotisme, en l'envisageant dans le sens de bien interpréter son encadrement socio-politique et culturel dans le plan de la contemporanéité dans laquelle elle a été formulé – nous avons suivi aussi un parcours analytique que, implicitement, nous a amenés à considérer l'importance relative, atteinte a posteriori, du rôle d’influence qu'elle a joué et – joue encore – dans les aires de la culture, de la politique national et dans l'avenir de la nation portugaise. Par ailleurs, en tenant compte de l'importance des multiples facettes de l’oeuvre anteriana dans les domaines de la littérature (poésie et prose), de la philosophie et de la culture, il faudra toujours considérer dans une étude étendue et profonde de la même, l'importance d'y insérer, spécifiquement, le sus-dit concept de patriotisme, mis en page dans les champs de la réflexion et de l'analytique attenants. Finalement, un processus énoncé que nous estimons fixé dans un vaste tableau de l'histoire de la patrie. Celui-ci, mis en perspective de façon synchronique et diachronique. Également, une intention que, dans une perspective national, nous avons désiré concrétiser dans notre dissertation; lequel nous l'avons voulu définit et explicite en relation à tout ce qui concerne les problèmes graves, problèmes sérieux, situations compliquées, grandes anxiétés, préoccupations exagérées et tourments insupportables de l'être humain en particulier et du collectif des citoyens en général. Pour concrétiser un si ambitieux désir sûrement que, en ne pas dévalorisant les effets de valeur de la perception des connaissances décurrentes de la globalité de l’oeuvre anteriana introduits au sein de la société, nous avons cherché à exercer des jugements d'objectivité et à des postulats crédibles dans des aires des indispensables recherche et analyse critique; lesquels, nous semblent libérés de préjugés et idées préconçues. Également, cherchant à assurer la fiabilité au dessein analytique et aux conclusions; celles-ci et celui-là, esquissés en ordre corrélatif séquentiel dans l'élaboration de la thèse. * anteriana – de Antero de Quental
Antero de Quental, poet and highly renowned intellectual thinker, played a significant role in the renovation of the mentality of the cultural elite in the Portuguese nation. As such, his elevated moral stature, the fine quality of his vast literary work (poetry and prose), his philosophical essays and his civic and political interventions were all decisive contributions. Each and every one had the finality of renewing ideas, of the standard improvement of duty and the good affiliated with human beings, of social progression, of regenerating the country and, obviously, modernising Portugal. Of the vast work by Antero de Quental, of its intrinsic value and analysis of its content, we were not concerned in the elaboration of the doctoral dissertation presented here solely for the purpose of a doctoral assessment. And the reason is simple: the case of Antero de Quental involves a broad field of literary realisation and philosophical practice, of the greatest cultural interest and, being prone to reflection, has been greatly explored from various perspectives of assessment by illustrious national and foreign specialists and intellectuals – in this group, with special emphasis on some Brazilian university professors, are authors of valuable studies on the Anterian personality and his literary works (poetry and prose). Therefore, our research and analysis, pertaining to the dissertation’s objective, includes the forms of expressing the concept of Patriotism, which Antero de Quental expressed during his life and in his works. It is this component of his intellectual work that, until the present time, has not been analytically contemplated in Anterian bibliographies – as we discovered during our extensive research and as is referred to in the work, Antero de Quental: Elementos para uma Bibliografia (Antero de Quental: Elements for a Bibliography) by Maria do Rosário Azenha, published in the journal, Revista de História das Ideias (Journal of the History of Ideas), of the Faculty of Arts at the University of Coimbra, Volume 13, 1991, pages 441-512. We had the pleasure of approaching this specific theme of Anterian work from a relatively new perspective for the public and not only provide them with his knowledge, but also a demonstration of the continuity of certain doctrinal/philosophical ideas and concepts formulated by Antero; some of which are so relevant to the crisis situation currently affecting Portugal, one could state that they were being currently expressed. This also highlights a superior interest, informed significance, great opportunity and valuable contribution in political and cultural plans for us to consider with greater motivation, critical sense and an open and constructive spirit, relative to the chronic crisis that has assailed, throughout centuries, Portugal and its sacrificed people and which Antero de Quental noticed, critiqued and formulated doctrines and judgments specific to the regeneration of Portuguese society. To be sure – in addition to Antero’s work, we focussed on the component relative to patriotism, viewing it in the sense of interpreting its social-political framework in the modernity plan in which it was formulated. We have also followed an analytical path, which implicitly led us to consider the relative importance, achieved a posterior, of the influential role it played, and still does, in the areas of culture, national politics and the future of the Portuguese nation. Furthermore, without disregarding the relevance of the multifaceted work of Antero de Quental in literature (poetry and prose), the philosophy and culture, in a detailed and comprehensive study, one must always consider the importance of referring specifically to the concept of patriotism, in keeping with the related areas of reflection and analysis. Finally, there is a defined method, which we believe is based on a broad view of the nation’s history, from a perspective that is synchronic and diachronic. Moreover, it is this purpose, from a national perspective, which we sought to concretise in our dissertation. We wanted it defined and clear, relative to all that which concerns dire developments, serious problems, complicated situations, great expectations, exaggerated concerns and unbearable torments of the human being, individually, and collectively of all Portuguese citizens in general. In order to achieve this ambitious objective and without diminishing the valuable effects of the knowledge provided in the totality of the Anterian work introduced in society, we sought to formulate objective judgments and credible postulates in the indispensible areas of research and critical analysis, which we believe to be free of biases and preconceived ideas. We also sought to ensure reliability in the analytical scope and the conclusions, delineated in a sequential correlative order in the elaboration of the dissertation.

En los últimos años, la tendencia en la odontología restauradora es la conservación al máximo de los tejidos dentarios remanentes, siendo esto así, lo que se buscan son alternativas diferentes para poder rehabilitar la perdida de piezas en los pacientes que se acercan a la consulta. Las prótesis híbridas adhesivas combinan una prótesis fija convencional (coronas) con aditamentos de un mínimo desgaste (carillas). Se presenta un caso clínico de un paciente de 43 años de edad de sexo masculino que acudió a la clínica de la Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC) en el año 2018 por presentar fractura corono radicular de un incisivo central superior, pilar de una prótesis parcial fija que provocaba la movilidad de la prótesis y alteraba la estética. Se planificó una prótesis híbrida que combinó una corona cerámica libre de metal en el incisivo central y carillas cerámicas (vestibular y palatino) en el incisivo lateral. El caso clínico evidenció una mejora de la estética, preservó tejidos dentarios y mejoró la satisfacción por parte del paciente con respecto a su sonrisa. La combinación de una prótesis convencional libre de metal y las carillas cerámicas son una alternativa eficiente para el manejo del edentulismo parcial antero superior con un mínimo de desgaste de las piezas dentarias.
In recent years, the trend in restorative dentistry is the maximum conservation of the remaining dental tissues, and this being so, what are sought are different alternatives to be able to rehabilitate the loss of parts in patients who come to the consultation. The hybrid adhesive prostheses combine a conventional fixed prosthesis (crowns) with minimal wear attachments (veneers). We present a clinical case of a 43-year-old male patient who attended the clinic of the Peruvian University of Applied Sciences (UPC) in 2018 for presenting a radicular crown fracture of an upper central incisor, a pillar of a fixed partial prosthesis that it caused the mobility of the prosthesis and altered the aesthetics. We planned a hybrid prosthesis that combined a metal-free ceramic crown in the central incisor and ceramic veneers (buccal and palatal) in the lateral incisor. The clinical case evidenced an improvement in aesthetics, preserved dental tissues and improved patient satisfaction with respect to his smile. The combination of a conventional metal-free prosthesis and ceramic veneers is an efficient alternative for the management of upper partial anterior edentulism with minimal wear of the teeth.
Trabajo académico

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo a realização de uma análise comparativa nas vertentes artísticas da poesia e pintura. Pretendemos demonstrar que as temáticas da modernidade, humanismo, visualíssimo e expressividade são abordadas de forma comparável por Antero de Quental, enquanto poeta, e Mário Eloy, enquanto pintor. Antero de Quental apresenta, na sua poesia, palavras detentoras de uma forte expressividade. A par da expressividade da palavra, e baseada nela, pode construir-se um cenário da poesia anteriana. O vermelho, o verde e o azul são as cores fortes de Mário Eloy. O tratamento da cor, a distribuição da luz, a diferente pormenorização dada aos rostos, aos desproporcionados corpos das figuras e às suas roupas, evidenciam a autonomia da interiorização dos cânones e técnicas expressionistas. As cores, tal como as formas, transmitem uma forte expressividade, uma mensagem, uma palavra. Nesta dissertação tentaremos provar que os artistas em análise, apesar de pertencerem a épocas distintas, “encontram-se” nalguns tópicos. Para além das temáticas abordadas, este encontro artístico evidencia-se pelo facto de poder existir um visualismo em Antero e expressividade em Eloy. Poderemos ainda escutar a voz de Mário Eloy na poesia de Antero e vermos a plasticidade de Antero nas telas de Eloy. ***/Abstract - The present work has the aim to accomplish a comparative analysis in the artistic slopes of poetry and painting. It intends to demonstrate that the themes of modernity, humanism, visualism and expressiveness are approached in a comparable way by Antero de Quental as a poet and by Mário Eloy as a painter. In his poetry, Antero de Quental presents us with words of strong expressiveness. Along with that expressiveness and based on it, a scenery of Antero's poetry can be built. Red, green and blue are Mário Eloy's strong colours. The treatment of colour, the distribution of light, the different details given to faces, to disproportionate bodies of the illustrations and their clothes, make the autonomy of the interiorisation of the canons and expressionist techniques evident. The colours, just as the forms, transmit a strong expressiveness, a message, a word. In this dissertation we will try to prove that in spite of belonging to distinct time periods, both the artists under analysis “meet” in some topics. Besides the approached themes, this artistic encounter is made evident by the fact that there may be visualism in Antero and expressiveness in Eloy. We can still listen to the voice of Mário Eloy in the poetry of Antero and see the plasticity of Antero in Eloy's paintings. ***/Le résumé - Le but de ce travail c'est de faire une analyse comparative entre le côté artistique de poésie et peinture. Donc, on se propose montrer que les thématiques telles que la modernité, l’humanisme, le visualisme et l’expressivité sont traitées de façon comparable par Antero de Quental, le poète, et Mário Eloy, le peintre. Dans sa poésie, Antero de Quental présente des mots pleins d'expressivité. Un décor de sa poésie peut être construit grâce justement à cette expressivité. Le rouge, le vert et le bleu sont les couleurs fortes de Mário Eloy. Le traitement de la couleur, la distribution de la lumière, les différents détails des visages, des corps disproportionnés et des vêtements des figures, montrent l’autonomie de l'intériorisation soit du canon, soit des techniques expressionistes. Les couleurs, de même que les formes, transmettent une grande expressivité, un message, un mot. Bien que ces artistes appartiennent à des époques bien différentes, dans ce travail on essaiera de faire preuve qu'il y a une rencontre entre eux. Au-delà des thématiques analysées, cette rencontre artistique est mise en evidence par la possibilité d’existence d'un visualisme chez Antero et d'une expressivité chez Eloy. On peut même entendre la voix de Mário Eloy dans la poésie d’Antero et voir la plasticité de celui-ci sur les toiles de celui-là.

Chez les Vertébrés, le plan d’organisation du corps est mis en place lors de l’élongation de l’axe antéro-postérieur. L’importance du mésoderme pré-somitique (PSM) dans l’élongation a précédemment été démontrée chez l’embryon de poulet. Il a été proposé qu’un gradient de motilité cellulaire aléatoire, contrôlé par un gradient de morphogène, était nécessaire à l’élongation de l’axe. À ce jour, les interactions entre un profil de signalisation moléculaire bien connu et un mécanisme physique d’élongation restent à explorer. En particulier, plusieurs questions de mécanique doivent être étudiées. Tout d’abord, un gradient de motilité cellulaire peut-il provoquer l’extension du PSM ? Ensuite, la force générée par l’extension du PSM peut-elle être à l’origine de l’élongation de l’axe ? Enfin, comment l’extension du PSM est-elle couplée mécaniquement à l’élongation des autres tissus ? Pour répondre à ces questions, une meilleure description des propriétés mécaniques des tissus embryonnaires est nécessaire. De plus, afin d’estimer la contribution des différents tissus au processus d’élongation, une analyse quantitative de la production de force de ces tissus est essentielle. Dans cette thèse de doctorat, nous présentons le profil des propriétés visco-élastiques du PSM et du tube neural le long de l’axe. Nous démontrons également que des PSM isolés sont capables de s’allonger de manière autonome et nous mesurons leur contribution à la force totale d’élongation
In vertebrates, the elongation of the anteroposterior axis is a crucial step during embryonic development as it results in the establishment of the basic body plan. A previous study highlighted the importance of the presomitic mesoderm (PSM) in elongation and showed that a gradient of random cell motility along the anteroposterior axis is necessary for proper elongation of the chicken embryo. It was proposed that a gradient of random cell motility, downstream of a morphogen gradient, drives axis extension. To date, the potential interaction between well-established molecular signaling and physical mechanisms involved in axis elongation remains largely unexplored. In particular, several mechanical questions need to be addressed. First, can the cell motility gradient lead to PSM extension? Second, is the force generated by PSM extension capable of promoting axis elongation? Third, how is PSM extension mechanically coupled with the elongation of all embryonic tissues? In order to tackle these questions, a better description of the mechanical properties of the embryonic tissues is required. Moreover, to assess specific tissues' contribution to elongation, a quantitative analysis of their force production is needed. In this Ph.D. thesis, we measure how the viscoelastic properties of both the PSM and the neural tube vary along the anteroposterior axis. We also demonstrate that isolated PSM explants are capable of autonomous elongation and we measure their contribution to the total force production in the embryo

An Electronic Health Record is a collection of each patient’s health information which is stored electronically or in digital format. openEHR is an open standard specification for electronic health record data. openEHR has a method for querying a set of clinical data using the Archetype Query Language (AQL).  The EHR data is in XML format and this format is a tree like structure. Since XML databases were considerably slower, AQL needs to be translated to another query language. Researchers have already investigated translating AQL to XQuery and tested the performance. Since the performance was not satisfactory, we now investigate translating AQL to SQL. AQL queries are translated to SQL queries using the ANTLR tool. The translation is implemented in Java language. The AQL queries which are translated into SQL queries are also tested in this thesis work. Finally, the result is to get the corresponding SQL query for any given AQL query.

Darbo tikslas Įvertinti antro tipo cukrinio diabeto (2 tipo CD) chirurginio gydymo klinikinį ir ekonominį efektyvumą. Uždaviniai : 1. Ištirti visus pacientus operuotus dėl nutukimo ir 2 tipo CD LSMUL KK Chirurgijos klinikoje 2005-2010 metais. 2. Palyginti šių pacientų klinikinę būseną ir gyvenimo kokybę prieš ir praėjus daugiau kaip 1 metams po operacijos. 3. Palyginti 2 tipo CD gydymo išlaidas operuojant ir neoperuojant bei įvertinti skrandžio apylankos operacijos ekonominį efektyvumą. Tyrimo metodika Tyrimui atlikti buvo išduotas Kauno regioninio bioetikos komiteto leidimas Nr. BE-2-59. Atlikta pacientų, kuriems dėl nutukimo ir 2 tipo CD 2005-2010m. Kauno Klinikose buvo atlikta skrandžio apylankos operacija, duomenų retrospektyvinė analizė. Praėjus daugiau kaip 1 metams po operacijos detaliai ištirta pacientų klinikinė būsena. Gyvenimo kokybės ir operacinio gydymo naudingumo įvertinimui taikyti SF-36 klausimynas ir SF-6D konversijos modelis. Ekonominio naudingumo analizės modelis naudotas apskaičiuojant ir lyginant operacinio ir konservatyvaus 2 tipo CD tiesiogines gydymo išlaidas. Duomenys apdoroti ir analizuoti naudojant statistinį duomenų analizės paketą SPSS 15. Rezultatai 2005-2010 metais Kauno klinikų chirurginiame skyriuje dėl nutukimo ir 2 tipo CD operuoti 76 pacientai (52 moterys ir 24 vyrai). 67 pacientams buvo atlikta skrandžio apylankos operacija, 8 skrandžio apjuosimo reguliuojama juosta operacija ir 1 pacientui marginalinė skrandžio rezekcija (sleeve... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
Aim To evaluate the clinical and cost-effectiveness of the laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric-bypass (LRYGB) in obese patients with type 2 diabetes. Tasks: 1. To investigate all the patients underwent the LRYGB on obesity and type 2 diabetes in LUHS Kaunas Hospital in 2005-2010. 2. To compare the clinical outcomes and quality of life (QoL) in operated patients before and 1 year or later after the surgery. 3. To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of LRYGB and to compare it with the conventional treatment cost. Methodology of the research The retrospective study of 51 patient underwent LRYGB on obesity and type 2 diabetes in LUHS Kaunas Hospital in 2005-2010. The clinical evaluation of operated patients 1 year or later after the laparoscopic gastric-bypass. SF-36 questionnaire and SF-6D conversion model were used to evaluate the QoL and health benefits after the surgery. To evaluate and to compare the surgical and conventional treatment costs in obese type 2 diabetes patients, the cost utility analysis model was used. Kaunas regional committee of bioethics approved the project (permission Nr BE-2-59). The data was processed and analysed using the package SPSS 15,0 of statistical data analysis. Results 76 patients (52 women and 24 men) were operated on obesity and type 2 diabetes in LUHS Kaunas Hospital in 2005-2010. 67 patients underwent LRYGB, in 8 patients the laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding and sleeve resection in 1 patient were performed. One year or later after the... [to full text]

Nuestro trabajo se centra en la figura de Antero de Quental, autor portugués (1842-1891), considerado el mentor espiritual de la llamada “generación del 70”. A partir de nuestra convicción de su importancia como escritor mayor de las letras portuguesas y europeas del llamado “fin de siglo”, hemos trabajado el autor desde la perspectiva intelectual novecentista como precusor de una modernidad en las letras y en la cultura portuguesas que brota de la inmediata raíz romántica y se prolonga a lo largo de todo el siglo XX. La modernidad del pensamiento anteriano pasa fundamentalmente, aunque no de manera exclusiva, por la actitud de pensar una cultura u una identidad propias, siempre desde una perspectiva dialéctica que implicaba un más efectivo contacto con otras culturas, incluyendo con la cultura española y, muy en especial, con Unamuno y la generación del 98, en busca de un diálogo peninsular.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Caracteres embriológicos possuem valor sistemático e sua utilidade foi demonstrada por diversos autores para elucidar o posicionamento filogenético de certas famílias de angiospermas. Este estudo visa analisar a ontogenia das estruturas reprodutivas de Cybistax antisyphilitica, com o propósito de acrescentar dados embriológicos relevantes ao delineamento filogenético da família, ou de categorias taxonômicas infrafamiliares. As características embriológicas observadas demonstraram similaridade com espécies pertencentes à ―Tabebuia alliance‖ cuja embriologia já foi investigada. Observou-se durante a ontogenia do óvulo de C. antisyphilitica que apenas o ginósporo calazal se desenvolve e, durante sua diferenciação em célula-mãe do saco embrionário, a face micropilar de sua parede celular assume uma conformação côncava, na qual há grande deposição de calose. No estádio octonuclear, há acúmulo de uma substância fibrogranular entre o endotélio e a parede do ginófito fazendo com que o saco embrionário apresente um característico afunilamento mediano. Em relação a ontogenia da antera da espécie estudada, verificou-se que as camadas tapetais são dimórficas, embora ao final do estádio pré-meiótico se tornem similares; embora, após a meiose, o dimorfismo se acentua novamente nas camadas tapetais. Os amiloplastos das células-mãe dos andrósporos são herdados pelos andrósporos e grãos de pólen deles resultantes. Os amiloplastos dos grãos de pólen gradualmente aumentam em número e tamanho em um único ciclo de amilogênese/amilólise. Com base nos dados obtidos conclui-se que a configuração da parede distal do ginósporo calazal e o acúmulo de secreção na porção mediana do saco embrionário são características não relatadas para outras espécies da família e podem...
Embryological characters have systematic value and its usefulness has been demonstrated by several authors to elucidate the phylogenetic position of certain angiosperms families. This study aims to analyze the ontogeny of reproductive structures of Cybistax antisyphilitica, with the purpose of adding relevant embryological data to the phylogenetic design of the family or, infra-familiar taxonomic categories. The embryological features observed was similar to species belonging to ―Tabebuia alliance‖ whose embryology has been investigated. During the ontogey of C. antisyphilitica ovule, only the chalazal megaspore develops, and in the course of its differentiation in the embryo sac mother cell, the micropylar side of its cell wall assumes a concave conformation in which there is an expressive deposition of callose. In the octonuclear stage, there is an accumulation of a fibrogranular substance between the endothelium and megagametophyte wall causing a bottleneck in the middle portion of embryo sac. For anther ontogeny of the species studied, the tapetal layers are dimorphic, although becoming similar at the late pre-meiotic stage. After meiosis, the dimorphism is accentuated between the two tapetal layers. The microspore mother cell amyloplasts are inherited by the microspores and the resulting pollen grains. The pollen grain amyloplasts gradually increasing in number and size in a single amylogenesis/amylolyse cycle. Based on the obtained data we concluded that the configuration of the distal wall of the chalazal megaspore and the accumulation of secretion in the median portion of embryo sac are characters not reported for other species of the family, and may possibly be autapomorphic characters. Regarding the ontogeny of the anther, Cybistax antisyphilitic showed a multistratified fibrous endothecium... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Orientador: Darcy Flavio Nouer
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: Em virtude da grande variabilidade dos métodos utilizados como sistemas de referência nas mensurações das grandezas cefalométricas convencionais, que levam a diversos conflitos na interpretação do relacionamento ântero-posterior entre maxila e mandíbula, a presente pesquisa propôs-se, por meio da análise cefalométrica a verificar as relações do ângulo ANB, da análise Wits (AO-BO), da distância AF-BF, da Projeção USP e da distância AP-BP, nos diferentes tipos faciais, bem como as correlações e a confiabilidade entre as grandezas estudadas. A partir de uma amostra de 2.000 indivíduos adultos selecionou-se 400, por meio de aplicação de questionário, que nunca haviam se submetido a tratamento ortodôntico. Os indivíduos foram analisados e selecionaram-se aqueles que possuíam os seguintes critérios de inclusão: brasileiros da região de Araras; leucodermas; ausência de síndromes; presença de todos os elementos dentários (exceto os 3os molares); trespasse vertical com incisivos superiores cobrindo o terço incisal dos incisivos inferiores; trespasse horizontal em torno de 2mm; relação de molares e caninos em chave de oclusão; selamento labial passivo; perfil facial harmônico. Os indivíduos que encontravam-se dentro dos critérios de seleção da amostra foram submetidos a tomadas radiográficas, obtendo-se 79 telerradiografias de cabeça em norma lateral: 40 do gênero masculino e 39 do feminino, com média de idade de 24 anos e cinco meses.O ângulo ANB apresentou valores médios de 2,77º para o gênero feminino e, 2,93º para o masculino, portanto, bem próximos dos padrões de normalidade, comportando-se de maneira similar nos três Grupos. Na análise de Wits, os valores médios para o gênero masculino e para o feminino foram de 1,49mm e de 2,83mm, respectivamente, portanto, diferindo dos valores determinados como padrão. Quando da comparação inter-grupos, estatisticamente, o Grupo 2 apresentou as maiores médias. Para a distância AF-BF, estabeleceu-se a média de 3,72mm. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre os três Grupos esqueléticos estudados. Os valores médios encontrados para a ProjUSP, foram de -3,55mm para o gênero masculino, e -3,62mm para o feminino. Nos três Grupos estudados, constatou-se que a ProjUSP alterou-se segundo a divergência facial, apresentando valores menores pra o Grupo 2 (-3,16mm) e maiores no Grupo 1 (-3,78mm). Os valores médios observados para a distância AP-BP, de 3,9mm para o gênero feminino, e de 4,05mm para o masculino, encontraram-se na faixa de normalidade estabelecida. Quando da divisão em Grupos, os valores médios observados para a mesma medida foram de 4,12mm, 4,25mm e 3,57mm, para os Grupos 1, 2 e 3 respectivamente, constatando-se que apesar da influência da divergência facial, todos os Grupos apresentaram-se dentro da faixa de normalidade de 3 a 7mm. Com base na metodologia empregada e nos resultados obtidos, concluiu-se que a divergência facial, medida pela variação do ângulo FMA e pelo IAF, não influenciou a leitura dos valores do ângulo ANB, da análise de Wits, da distância AF-BF, da Projeção USP e da distância AP-BP. Dentre as grandezas estudadas apenas a distância AP-BP apresentou maior confiabilidade na avaliação do relacionamento ântero-posterior entre as bases apicais. Concluiu-se também que nenhum método de avaliação ântero-posterior das bases ósseas pode ser considerado como absoluto, ou mais confiável em relação ao outro
Abstract: The object of this research was to assess the behavior of the ANB angle, the Wits assessment, of AF-BF distance, the USP Projection and the AP-BP distance in leucodermic Brazilian individuals with clinically normal occlusions. An assessment was made of 79 lateral teleradiographs of the head, there being 40 of men and 39 of women, divided into three groups according to the facial type, determined by the values of the FMA and IAF angles, obtained by the ratio between AFP and AFA. The ANB angle presented mean values of 2.62º for women and 2.7º for men, therefore, very close to the normality standards, behaving in a similar manner in the three groups. In the Wits assessment, the mean values for men and for women were 1.49mm and 2.83mm, respectively, therefore differing from the values determined as being standard. With regard to the inter-group comparison, statistically, Group 2 presented the highest means. For the AF-BF distance, a mean of 3.72 mm was established. There was no statistically significant difference among the three skeletal groups studied. The mean values found for the ProjUSP, were -3.55mm for men and -3.62mm for women. In the three studied groups, it was found that the ProjUSP changed according to facial divergence, presenting lower values for Group 2 (-3.16mm) and higher values for Group 1 (-3.78mm). The mean values observed for the distance AP-BP of 3.9mm for women and 4.05mm for men, were found to be within the established normality range. With regard to the division into groups, the mean values observed for the same measurement were 4.12mm, 4.25mm and 3.57mm, for Group 1, 2 and 3 respectively, and it was found that in spite of the influence of facial divergence, all the groups presented values within the normality range of 3 to 7mm. This being so, the results allowed one to conclude that: facial divergence, measured by the variation of the angle FMA and by IAF, had no significant influence on the reading of the values of angle ANB, Wits assessment, distance AF-BF, ProjUSP and distance APBP; and of the five variables used to determine the antero-posterior discrepancy of the bone bases, only the measurements AO-BO and AF-BF presented statistically significant positive correlations. The variable AO-BO presented a significant linear correlation with the variables ANB, AF-BF and ProjUSP, and the distance AF-BF, with the variables ANB, AO-BO and AP-BP
Doutorado
Ortodontia
Doutor em Ortodontia

Orientadores: Simone de Padua Teixeira, Sandra Maria Carmello-Guerreiro
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
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Resumo: A principal forma de reprodução das angiospermas é a sexuada, que envolve obrigatoriamente a produção (gametogênese) e a fusão (fecundação) dos gametas haplóides. Entretanto, um número expressivo de espécies se reproduz assexuadamente por meio de apomixia, na qual a meiose é ausente ou modificada e os embriões são formados sem que haja fecundação. Dois tipos básicos de apomixia são reconhecidos: um em que o embrião se origina no interior de um megagametófito com número cromossômico somático (não reduzido); e outro, em que não há formação do megagametófito e o embrião se origina de células do núcleo ou do tegumento do óvulo. Espécies apomíticas são relatadas com mais frequência entre as Poaceae, Asteraceae, Rosaceae e Rutaceae, famílias com grande importância econômica. No entanto, vários estudos têm revelado cada vez mais exemplares apomíticos entre as Melastomataceae, principalmente em Miconia, gênero parafilético que inclui cerca de 1050 espécies. Levando em consideração o grande número de grãos de pólen inviáveis produzidos pelas espécies apomíticas neste gênero e a frequente utilização da forma e do desenvolvimento dos estames no reconhecimento de relações evolutivas entre os membros do grupo, este trabalho teve como objetivos (1) comparar o desenvolvimento dos estratos parietais da antera e dos grãos de pólen de Miconia albicans (espécie apomítica sem produção de grãos de pólen), M. stenostachya (espécie apomítica com baixa porcentagem de grãos de pólen viáveis) e M. paucidens (espécie sexuada com alta porcentagem de grãos de pólen viáveis); (2) estudar as características estruturais e ultraestruturais relacionadas à inviabilidade dos grãos de pólen de M. albicans e M. stenostachya; e (3) analisar a relação entre a epiderme e o endotécio no mecanismo de deiscência das anteras das espécies apomíticas M. albicans, M. fallax, M. leucocarpa, M. stenostachya e M. sellowiana, e das espécies sexuais M. chamissois, M. minutiflora, M. paucidens, M. pseudonervosa, e M. theaezans. A estrutura, ultraestrutura e micromorfologia da parede da antera e dos grãos de pólen foram analisadas em anteras fixadas em solução contendo glutaraldeído e processadas segundo protocolos de rotina para microscopia de luz e microscopias eletrônicas de transmissão e varredura. A forma e a viabilidade dos grãos de pólen maduros e a forma do tubo polínico foram analisadas a partir de grãos de pólen frescos coletados de anteras de flores recém-abertas, submetidos a testes de hidratação e de germinação "in vitro". A detecção dos principais grupos de substâncias químicas presentes nos vários estratos parietais da antera e nos grãos de pólen foi feita por meio da aplicação de reagentes e corantes específicos às seções finas e aos grãos de pólen frescos. Em M. albicans, M. stenostachya e M. paucidens, as anteras são tetrasporangiadas, o desenvolvimento da parede da antera é do tipo monocotiledôneo e os grãos de pólen não apresentaram substâncias de reserva ao longo do desenvolvimento; em M. paucidens, as células do tapete apresentaram cristais e proteoplastos no citoplasma. A antera em estádio de deiscência é constituída pela epiderme e pelo endotécio não funcional. Em M. albicans, a ausência de figuras meióticas indica que a meiose é um evento raro nessa espécie; as anteras maduras apresentaram-se vazias ou contendo estruturas semelhantes a grãos de pólen com paredes mal formadas e sem conteúdo. Em M. stenostachya, irregularidades meióticas levaram à formação de micrósporos de diferentes tamanhos e em número maior que quatro; a porcentagem nula de germinação dos grãos de pólen de M. stenostachya indicou que mesmo os grãos de pólen corados e com parede bem formada são inviáveis. Em M. paucidens, os grãos de pólen são alongados e liberados da antera parcialmente desidratados, havendo a formação do tubo polínico após a hidratação proporcionada pelo contato com a superfície estigmática. Em todas as espécies analisadas, o mecanismo de deiscência envolve a degradação da epiderme da antera numa região em que a cutícula é ausente e não depende da ação do endotécio, já que este tecido não apresenta nenhum tipo de especialização que possa ser relacionada à deiscência das anteras
Abstract: Most angiosperms reproduce sexually, with the production (gametogenesis) and fusion (fertilization) of the haploid gametes. However, some of them do so in an asexual way, called apomixis, a way of reproduction with the production of seeds which embryos are produced without fertilization of the egg cell. There as two main types of apomixis: one in which the embryo is formed inside the megagametophyte with somatic chromosome level (unreduced); and another one, in which there is no megagametophyte formation and the embryo is formed from ovule nucellar or tegument cells. Apomixis is often studied in Poaceae, Asteraceae, Rosaceae and Rutaceae families, probably due to its economical value. However, many studies have shown an increasing number in the tropical flora, mainly among Miconia (Melastomataceae), a paraphyletic genus with about 1050 species. Taking into account the amount of unviable pollen grains in apomictic Miconia and the importance of stamen morphology and development to the phylogenetic studies, this study aimed to (1) compare the anther and pollen grain development in Miconia albicans (apomictic species with lacks pollen grains), M. stenostachya (apomictic species with low percentage of viable pollen grains) and M. paucidens (sexual species with high percentage of viable pollen grains); (2) study the structure and ultrastructure characteristics related to the pollen grains development in M. albicans and M. stenostachya; and (3) study the relationship of the endothecium and the epidermis with the poricidal anther dehiscence mechanism in the apomicts M. albicans, M. fallax, M. leucocarpa, M. stenostachya and M. sellowiana, and in the sexual species M. chamissois, M. minutiflora, M. paucidens, M. pseudonervosa, and M. theaezans. Anthers in various stages of development were studied under light microscopy and scanning and transmission electron microscopes. The shape and the viability of mature pollen grains and the pollen tube shape were examined in fresh pollen grains obtained from mature anthers, which were submitted to hydration and "in vitro" germination testes. Tests for the main groups of chemical substances were applied to thin sections and to fresh pollen grains. M. albicans, M. stenostachya and M. paucidens have tetrasporangiated anthers, anther wall development following the "monocotyledonous" type, and pollen grains which lack reserve substances during all steps of development; in M. paucidens, crystals and proteoplasts were found inside the tapetal cell cytoplasm. The dehiscent anthers have epidermis and non-functional endothecium. The absence of meiotic figures in M. albicans may indicate that the meiosis is a rare event in this species; its mature anthers were also empty or with pollen grain-like structures, but completely empty and with abnormal pollen wall. The meiotic irregularities observed in M. stenostachya gave rise to the microspores with abnormal size (smaller or bigger than the normal ones) and often with more than four per tetrad; the null percentage of pollen grain germination in M. stenostachya showed that even the well-stained pollen grains were unviable. M. paucidens showed elongated pollen grains that are released from anther in a partially dehydrated way, being the pollen tube originated after the pollen grain hydration when in contact with the stigmatic surface. In all of the species studied, the anther dehiscence mechanism is a consequence of cell degradation in a portion that lack cuticle being, for this, independent of the endothecium layer
Doutorado
Biologia Vegetal
Mestre em Biologia Vegetal

Evalúa los factores de riesgo para la recesión papilar en el sector antero superior. Fue un estudio de tipo descriptivo y transversal; 116 pacientes de 18 a 62 años de edad participaron del estudio. Se registró los datos de filiación del paciente (nombres y apellidos, edad y género). Se realizó el examen clínico para determinar: morfología dentaria (ovoide ,cuadrado y triangular); recesión papilar según la clasificación de Nordland y Tarnow (Clase 0: papila llena por completo el espacio interdental hasta el punto de contacto; Clase I: vértice de la papila se encuentra entre el punto de contacto y la unión cemento - esmalte; Clase II: punta de la papila está en el nivel apical a la extensión interproximal más coronal de la UCE y Clase III:vértice de la papila se encuentra a nivel de la UCE o apicalmente) y biotipo periodontal según el análisis de Ochsenbein y Ross ( biotipo I o delgado : encía queratinizada menor 3mm y biotipo II o grueso: encía queratinizada es mayor o igual a 3mm) además se consideró la translucidez del tejido gingival usando sonda periodontal. Todos los pacientes que conformaron la muestra se les realizó una fotografía frontal de la arcada anterosuperior con una cámara fotográfica semi-profesional de lentes intercambiables (DSLR) (Marca: NIKON, Modelo: D7000), con un lente Macro (Marca: TOKINA, 100 mm).
Tesis

Orientador: Nelson Sabino Bittencourt Júnior
Banca: Neusa Taroda Ranga
Banca: Diana Salles Sampaio
Resumo: Caracteres embriológicos possuem valor sistemático e sua utilidade foi demonstrada por diversos autores para elucidar o posicionamento filogenético de certas famílias de angiospermas. Este estudo visa analisar a ontogenia das estruturas reprodutivas de Cybistax antisyphilitica, com o propósito de acrescentar dados embriológicos relevantes ao delineamento filogenético da família, ou de categorias taxonômicas infrafamiliares. As características embriológicas observadas demonstraram similaridade com espécies pertencentes à ―Tabebuia alliance‖ cuja embriologia já foi investigada. Observou-se durante a ontogenia do óvulo de C. antisyphilitica que apenas o ginósporo calazal se desenvolve e, durante sua diferenciação em célula-mãe do saco embrionário, a face micropilar de sua parede celular assume uma conformação côncava, na qual há grande deposição de calose. No estádio octonuclear, há acúmulo de uma substância fibrogranular entre o endotélio e a parede do ginófito fazendo com que o saco embrionário apresente um característico afunilamento mediano. Em relação a ontogenia da antera da espécie estudada, verificou-se que as camadas tapetais são dimórficas, embora ao final do estádio pré-meiótico se tornem similares; embora, após a meiose, o dimorfismo se acentua novamente nas camadas tapetais. Os amiloplastos das células-mãe dos andrósporos são herdados pelos andrósporos e grãos de pólen deles resultantes. Os amiloplastos dos grãos de pólen gradualmente aumentam em número e tamanho em um único ciclo de amilogênese/amilólise. Com base nos dados obtidos conclui-se que a configuração da parede distal do ginósporo calazal e o acúmulo de secreção na porção mediana do saco embrionário são características não relatadas para outras espécies da família e podem... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Embryological characters have systematic value and its usefulness has been demonstrated by several authors to elucidate the phylogenetic position of certain angiosperms families. This study aims to analyze the ontogeny of reproductive structures of Cybistax antisyphilitica, with the purpose of adding relevant embryological data to the phylogenetic design of the family or, infra-familiar taxonomic categories. The embryological features observed was similar to species belonging to ―Tabebuia alliance‖ whose embryology has been investigated. During the ontogey of C. antisyphilitica ovule, only the chalazal megaspore develops, and in the course of its differentiation in the embryo sac mother cell, the micropylar side of its cell wall assumes a concave conformation in which there is an expressive deposition of callose. In the octonuclear stage, there is an accumulation of a fibrogranular substance between the endothelium and megagametophyte wall causing a bottleneck in the middle portion of embryo sac. For anther ontogeny of the species studied, the tapetal layers are dimorphic, although becoming similar at the late pre-meiotic stage. After meiosis, the dimorphism is accentuated between the two tapetal layers. The microspore mother cell amyloplasts are inherited by the microspores and the resulting pollen grains. The pollen grain amyloplasts gradually increasing in number and size in a single amylogenesis/amylolyse cycle. Based on the obtained data we concluded that the configuration of the distal wall of the chalazal megaspore and the accumulation of secretion in the median portion of embryo sac are characters not reported for other species of the family, and may possibly be autapomorphic characters. Regarding the ontogeny of the anther, Cybistax antisyphilitic showed a multistratified fibrous endothecium... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre

Rimsky-Korsakov composed his Symphony No. 2, Antar, in 1868, during his apprenticeship to Balakirev and involvement with The Five. Based on an oriental tale by Osip Senkovsky, it was the first multi-movement, programmatic orchestral work in Russian music. Rimsky-Korsakov revised Antar twice, in 1875 – by which time he was a professor at the Saint Petersburg Conservatory – and 1897. This thesis will examine the original 1868 version of Antar by placing it in the context of his career and the influences that shaped his style. The first chapter presents a biographical sketch of Rimsky-Korsakov, with emphasis on his education and training, including his studies with Balakirev in the 1860s and his rigorous course of self-education in harmony, counterpoint, form, and orchestration in the 1870s. The second chapter begins with a summary of the tale by Senkovsky upon which the music is based, followed by an analysis of the themes, harmony, and orchestration of each movement of Antar. I will show how the form and character of the work are indebted to ideas espoused by Balakirev and The Five, including their fondness for program music, orientalism, unconventional scales and modes, and harmonic progressions based on common tones. I will also draw attention to aspects of the tonal organization and scoring that are elaborated in the composer’s textbook, the Practical Manual of Harmony. My objective is to show that Antar is both a summary of the fruits of Rimsky-Korsakov’s apprenticeship within Balakirev’s circle, as well as a foretaste of his mature compositional and theoretical interests.
Arts, Faculty of
Music, School of
Graduate

Les grottes artificielles (operosa antra) ont ete etudiees depuis la fin de la republique jusqu'au iie siecle de l'empire. On a cerne leur evolution comme image dans la mentalite et comme temoignage archeologique. Heritee de la civilisation grecque et hellenistique, l'image a ete illustree par la grotte de philoctete, celle de dionysos, et celle de pan, qui ont amene a la definir comme la demeure inhabitable par opposition a la maison dans la cite. Pour le domaine hellenistique, elle est apparue comme une invention de l'art de cour chez les lagides: exemples des antres de la tente de ptolemee philadelphe, de la grotte de pierreries de ptoleme philopator et du sanctuaire de pan a alexandrie. A rome, les conditions de son apparition sont quadruples: intellectuelles (les milieux hellenises), religieuses (sentiments du caractere divin de l'antre), esthetiques (naissance de l'art du paysage), techniques (invention du "ciment" et d'un decor specifique, les rocailles et la mosaique). Illustration par divers exemples republicains (tibur, formies, rome). Reaction de la sensibilite par le temoignage des poetes (lucrece, virgile, horace, properce, ovide). Entre tibere et hadrien, c'est l'age d'or de la grotte, atteste par les grottes de sperlonga (tibere), le nymphee de la maison d'or (neron), celui de castelgandolfo (domitien), le serapeum de la villa d'hadrien. Mais la grotte est aussi un phenomene de mode, comme en temoignent les villas de la cote campanienneet les maisons de pompei et d'herculanum. Les poetes de l'epoque flavienne vont en donner une image plus dramatisee. De grotte d'agrement, elle devient lieu d'effroi et de malefices. (lucain, stace, v. Flaccus, s. Italicus), ce qui prepare son adoption par la religion mithriaque comme sanctuaire des mysteres. Le christianisme naissant combat cette image comme lieu de tenebres, avant de l'adopter comme le cadre sacre de la naissance et de la mort du christ
Artificial grottoes (operosa antra) have been studied here since the end of the republic to the second century. We have delt both with the image in the mentality and archaeological monuments. As it is inherited from classic and hellenistic civilizations, the image has been illustrated by philoctetes "grotto, dionysos" one and pan's; it results of it that it may be considered as a homeless home, as opposed to the house in city-life. As for the hellenistic times, it has appe-ared as an invention of the princial art at the lagids court. Examples of the grottoes in the tent of ptolemy philadelphos, of the cave made of jewels of ptole-my philopator and the pan's sanctuary in alexandria. In rome, the conditions of advent are four: intellectual (the "milieux" of the roman hellenism) religious (the feeling that the grotto is of divine nature), aesthetical (origin of landscape painting), technical (invention of the cement and of a specific decoration made of porous rocks and mosaics, as illustrated by different examples of republican times (tibur, formies, rome). Reaction of the sensibility through poet's testimony (lucretius, virgil, horace, propertius, ovide). From tiber to hadrian, we have the golden age of the grotto, illustrated by the sperlonga cave (tiber), the nymphaeum of the golden house of nero, the nymphaeum in castelgandolfo (domitian) and the serapeum in hadrian's villa. But grottoes are also a phenomenon of fashion as it can be seen by the villas of the campanian coast and the houses of pompei and herculaneum. The poets of the flavian times (lucan, statius, v. Flaccus, s. Italicus) present a more tragic image of it which prepares to its adoption by the mithraic religion as a sanctuary for the mysteries. Christianism at its beginnings fights against the image of the grotto as intended as a place of pagan darkness, but eventually adopts it as the holy place of christ's birth and death

Com o objetivo de estudar uma metodologia para a cultura de antera de arroz de sequeiro, com variedades brasileiras Dourado Precoce e IAC-165, o presente trabalho foi realizado no Laboratório da Seção Radiogenética do CENA (Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura), USP, Piracicaba, São Paulo. As panículas foram coletadas quando as anteras apresentavam micrósporo no estádio uninucleado e pré-tratadas a 7°C por 7 dias. As anteras foram inoculadas no meio MS modificado e incubadas no escuro a 27°C. Para as duas variedades estudadas, foram analisados os seguintes parâmetros: (1) freqüência de calos produzidos e (2) capacidade de organogênese. Para o estudo da indução de calos, foram pesquisados os seguintes fatores: ferro, sacarose, vitaminas (tiamina, m-inositol e biotina), aminoácidos (glicina e metionina), reguladores de crescimento (2,4-D, NAA e BAP), agar e carvão (fatores químicos); temperatura e tempo de pré-tratamento a frio, temperatura de incubação e irradiação com raios gamas nas panículas e das anteras junto com o meio de cultura (fatores físicos); estádio do micrósporo (fator fisiológico). Para a regeneração de plantas foi utilizado o meio MS e os seguintes fatores foram avaliados: reguladores de crescimento (NAA e cinetina), extrato de levedura, agar, carvão ativado e idade do calo. Os resultados obtidos permitem concluir que: (1) a frequencia da indução de calos aumenta no meio líquido com 56,6 mg de ferro, 4% de sacarose, 4 mg/l de glicina para ambas as variedades e 0,8 mg/l de tiamina para Dourado Precoce e 0,4 mg/l para IAC-165; (2) o meio básico MS modificado foi superior ao meio N6 ; (3) no meio MS modificado, as melhores combinações de 2,4-D e NAA foram 2 mg/l e 2. mg/l para Dourado Precoce e 1 mg/l e 3 mg/l, respectivamente, para IAC-165; (4) pré-tratamento a 10°C por 10 dias das panículas com micrósporo no estádio uninucleado deu o melhor resultado na indução de calos; (5) incubação das anteras no escuro a 30° C aumentou a frequência na indução de calos; e (6) o efeito da irradiação com raios-gamas foi favorável quando anteras da variedade Dourado Precoce foram irradiadas junto com o meio de cultura. Com relação a regeneração de plantas, os melhores resultados foram observados no meio R6 e quando foram inoculados calos com 7 dias de idade
In order to study a methodoloy for anther culture of two Brazilian varieties of upland rice, Dourado Precoce and IAC-165, the present work was carried out in the Laboratory of Radiation Genetics Section of CENA (Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura), USP, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil. The panicles were collected when anther were at uninucleated stage of microspore and pre-treated at 7°C for 7 days. The anthers then were inoculated on the modified MS medium and incubated in the dark at 27°C. For the two varieties studied, the following parameters were analyzed: (1) frequency of callus production and (2) organogenesis capacity. To study the induction of callus, the following factors were considered: iron, sucrose, vitamins, (thiamine, m-inositol and biotine), aminoacids (glycine and methionine), growth regulators (2,4-D, NAA and BAP), agar and activated charcoal (chemical factors); temperature and time of cold pre-treatment, incubation temperature and irradiation with gamma-rays of panicles and anthers together with medium of culture (physical factors); microspore stage (physiological factor). For plant regeneration, the MS medium was used and the following factors were evaluated: growth regulators (NAA and kinetin), yeast extract, agar, activated charcoal and callus age. According to the results obtained, we can conclude that: (1) frequency of callus induction increases on liquid medium with 56,6 mg/l of iron, 4% of sucrose, 4 mg/l of glycine for the both varieties and 0, 8 mg/l of thiamine for Dourado Precoce and 0,4 mg/l for IAC-165; (2) the basic MS medium modified was superior to the N6 medium; (3) as for the MS medium modified, better combinations of 2,4-D and NAA were 2 mg/l and 2 mg/l for Dourado Precoce and 1 mg/l and 3 mg/l, respectively, for IAC-165; (4) pre-treatment at 10°C for 10 days of panicles with microspore of uninucleate stage gave the best results in the induction of callus; (5) anther incubation in the dark at 30°C increased the frequency of callus induction; and (6) irradiation effect with gama-rays was favorable when anthers of the variety Dourado Precoce were irradiated together with the culture medium. Regarding regeneration of plants, the best results observed on the R6 medium and when callus as with 7 days of age inoculated.

Orientadora: Alessandra Ike Coan
Coorientador: Marccus Vinícius da Silva Alves
Banca: Adelita Aparecida Sartori Paoli
Banca: Érika Amano
Resumo: Pseudomônade é o pólen predominante de Cyperaceae, resultante da microsporogênese simultânea tipo-Cyperaceae, onde a tétrade de micrósporos se torna secundariamente reduzida a uma mônade funcional devido à degeneração de três de seus quatro núcleos. Este pólen, morfologicamente, tem formato cuneiforme com uma ou mais aberturas. Porém, em alguns gêneros de Hypolytreae (Mapanioideae), ocorre um outro tipo de pólen, de natureza ainda dúbia, chamado de pólen tipo-Mapania. Este pólen é esférico e monoporado e já foi considerado uma mônade. No presente estudo, três espécies de Mapania (Hypolytreae, Mapanioideae) foram estudadas, a fim de descrever o desenvolvimento de suas anteras e de seus grãos de pólen, em microscopias de luz e eletrônicas de varredura e de transmissão, e comparar os resultados aqui obtidos com aqueles já existentes na literatura para Cyperaceae. Nas três espécies estudadas, constatou-se a formação da pseudomônade, como resultado da microsporogênese simultânea tipo-Cyperaceae, assim como já descrita para as demais espécies da família. Durante a microgametogênese, observou-se o englobamento dos três núcleos não-funcionais, em degeneração, pela intina. A morfologia da pseudomônade está relacionada ao arranjo central nos microsporângios ao longo da microgametogênese. A formação da exina ocorre durante a microsporogênese, a partir da esporopolenina secretada pelo tapete secretor. Esses resultados da formação da pseudomônade em Mapania reforçam o caráter sinapomórfico de Cyperaceae dentre as Poales
Abstract: Pseudomonad is the predominant pollen in Cyperaceae resulting from simultaneous microsporogenesis of the Cyperaceae-type in which the microspore tetrad becomes secondarily reduced to a functional monad due to degeneration of three of its four nuclei. Morphologically, this pollen presents wedge-shape with one or more apertures. However, in some genera of Hypolytreae (Mapanioideae), there is another pollen type, of unknown nature, termed Mapania-type pollen. This pollen is spherical and monoporate and already was considered a monad. In the present study, three species of Mapania (Hypolytreae, Mapanioideae) were studied in order to describe their anther and pollen grain development in light and both scanning and transmission electron microscopies, and compare the results obtained here with those already described in the literature for Cyperaceae. In all species studied, the pollen is a true pseudomonad as a result of simultaneous microsporogenesis of the Cyperaceae-type, as well as already described for other family taxa. During microgametogenesis, three non-functional nuclei, in degeneration, were involved by intine. Pseudomonad morphology was related to the central arrangement in the microsporangia through microgametogenesis. Exine formation occurred through microsporogenesis, from sporopollenin secreted by secretory tapetum. These results in Mapania reinforce the Cyperaceae sinapomorphic character in Poales
Mestre

Darbo tikslas: Įvertinti Kauno Technologijos Universiteto pirmo ir antro kurso studentų mitybos įpročius bei žinias apie sveikos mitybos principus. Darbo uždaviniai: 1. Įvertinti studentų mitybos įpročius. 2. Įvertinti studentų žinias apie sveikos mitybos principus. Tyrimo metodai: anoniminės anketinės apklausos pagalba buvo siekiama išsiaiškinti studentų žinias apie sveiką mitybą, maitinimos ypročius bei rėžimą, fizinį aktyvumą.Tyrime dalyvavo Kauno technologijos universiteto pirmo ir antro kursų 310 studentų, pasirinktų atsitiktine tvarka. Rezultatai: Studentų mityba nėra sveika. Kad mityba yra sveika – pažymėjo 2,58 proc. iš visų apklaustųjų. Studentų tarpe yra populiarus greitas maistas. Dažniausiai studentai nurodė, jog sveikai maitintis jiems trukdo laiko stoka. Apklausti studentai maitinasi nereguliariai, 18,39 proc. nesilaikė mitybos režimo. Taip pat skyrėsi valgymų skaičius ir paskutinio valgymo laikas. Tik 12,3 proc. studentų (vyrų 24,0 proc. ir moterų 4,3 proc.) valgo 5 ir daugiau kartų per dieną. Tris – keturis kartus dienoje valgo 66,4 proc. apklaustų vaikinų ir 74,1 proc. merginų. Vaikinai paskutinį kartą dienoje linkę valgyti vėliau nei merginos, nepriklausomai nuo jų gyvenamosios vietos. Vaikinai gyvenantis su tėvais, nuomojame bute ar bendrabutyje dažniau nei merginos valgo vėliau nei 20 val., merginos paskutinų kartą dienoje valgo iki 20 val. Nustačius ryšį tarp paskutinio valgymo dienoje ir kūno masės indeksą, matome, jog studentai priskirti II – ai... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
Aim of the study is to investigate peculiarities of Kaunas University of Technology students’ nutrition. Objectives: 1. Investigate peculiarities of students’ nutrition. 2. Investigate students’ news about nutrition. Methods. An anonymous survey using a specially designed questionnaire was carried out on 310 first – second - year students of the Kaunas University of Technology. The questionnaire was used for investigation of peculiarities of students’ nutrition, healthy nutrition knowledge, and physical activity. Results. The nutrition of students is irregular; differ in time and number of meals. Only 12,3 percent (males 24,0 percent and females 4,3 percent) eats 5 and more times per day. Three – four times per day are eating 66,4 percent males and 74,1 percent females. Students stated that they don‘t have time for healthy nutrition. Males are eating later last time per day than females. Mostly females last time per day eats till 8 p.m. and males after 8 p.m. It doesn‘t related to their living place. There was established coherence between last time eating per day and body mass index (BMI), students who are at the second group by BMI (BMI-18,5-24,9) last time per day are eating till 6 p.m. Students who have overweight are eating last time per day after 8 p. m. Students consumed insufficient amounts of bread, potatoes, cereals, and other products that constitute the basis of the pyramid of healthy nutrition. The largest part of vegetable oil using first group students by BMI... [to full text]

Creazione di un nuovo linguaggio con relativo interprete e, per osservare il comportamento del sistema, un semplice Previewer in grado di: - caricare una pagina XAML di un form e svariate risorse - farle processare dall'interprete seguendo la grammatica descritta dal nuovo linguaggio creato con ANTLR - cablare la visualizzazione dei componenti della pagina a seconda dei risultati ottenuti, il tutto in ambiente .NET

Thesis (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2007.
Includes bibliographical references (leaf 24).
Studying biological systems has given robotics researchers valuable insight into designing complex systems. This thesis explores one such application of a biomimetic robotic system designed around a human arm. The design of an anthropomorphic arm, an arm that is similar to that of a human's, requires deep insight into the kinematics and physiology of the biological system. Investigated here is the design and completion of an arm with 7 degrees of freedom and human-like range of motion in each joint. The comparison of actuation schemes and the determination of proper kinematics enable the arm to be built at a low cost while maintaining high performance and similarity to the biological analog. Complex parts are built by dividing structures into interlocking 2d shapes that can easily be cut out using a waterjet and then welded together with high reliability. The resulting arm will become part of a bionic system when combined with an existing bionic hand platform that is being developed in the Intelligent Machines Laboratory at MIT. With a well thought out modular design, the system will be used as a test bed for future research involving data simplification and neurological control. The completion of the anthropomorphic arm reveals that is indeed feasible to use simple DC motors and quick fabrication techniques. The final result is a reliable, modularized, and anthropomorphic arm.
by Adam Paul Leeb.
S.B.

A presente Tese de Doutorado tem como objetivo principal a investigação das ressonâncias do Niilismo Europeu na produção literária de Antero de Quental, Eça de Queirós e Cesário Verde. Segundo a teorização nietzschiana, o Niilismo Europeu é a história da inserção, da desvalorização e do declínio dos valores cosmológicos do ocidente. Nesta tese, objetivamos demonstrar como as obras desses três autores refletem essa história. Com esse fim, empreendemos uma análise dessas obras a partir destes três eixos temáticos que remetem à desenvolução da história do Niilismo Europeu na segunda metade do século XIX: a consciência da morte de Deus; a tentativa positivista de substituir o Deus morto pela verdade científica; e o crescente sentimento de desvalorização da vida após o fracasso dessa e de outras tentativas de dar-lhe um sentido. Como as obras de Antero, Eça e Cesário representam essa história? Que influência os fatos dessa história exercem sobre tais obras? Se a vida deixa de ter um sentido, e isso se torna a causa de sua desvalorização, poderia a atividade literária manter ainda o seu próprio valor? São essas as perguntas que procuramos responder ao longo desta tese
The main objective of this thesis is to investigate the ressonances of the European nihilism in the literary productions of Antero de Quental, Eça de Queirós and Cesário Verde. According to the theoretial thinking of Nietzsche, European nihilism means the history of the insertion, then of the devaluation, and finalyy of the decline of Western cosmological values. In this thesis, we aim at demonstrating how, in the works of the three mentioned Portuguese authors, this Nietzschean concept of history is reflected. Therefore, we established an analysis of these three authors according to three main themes connected to the historical development of the European nihilism along the second half of the 19th Century: firtly, the cousciousness of the death of God; secondly, the Positivist attempt to substitute the recently deceased God by the scientific truth; and thirdly, the aspects concerning the growing feeling of the devaluation of life, as the attempsts to find a meaning for it failed. Thus, based on these themes we propose to answer and discuss the following questions: how can the works of Quental, Queirós and Verde represent this history pressuposed by Nietzsche? What kinds of influence did this history have in the works of these three authors? And, if there is any truth in the fact that life is no more meaninful, and that is the cause for its devaluation, is it possible for the literary activity to advocate values for itself? These are the main questions we aim at answering in the pages of the thesis that follows

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
O objetivo desta pesquisa é estudar possibilidades de diálogo entre os poetas Antero de Quental (1842-1891) e Augusto dos Anjos (1884-1914), cotejando as convergências, e consequentemente as divergências, temáticas e estilísticas, tais como: o uso da forma do soneto, das quadras e sextilhas longas, todas em decassílabos, traçando a ponte entre a estética clássica e a ruptura das linguagens e idéias não tradicionais utilizadas pelos poetas; o eu lírico em crise, desconstruindo os conceitos anteriores e quebrando as expectativas dos leitores; as presenças essenciais da Morte, da Filosofia, do Cientificismo, da Religião e da Metafísica nas referidas liras. Temas recorrentes, retratados de maneira ímpar, crítica, que remetem à Modernidade, evidenciadora da atualidade de suas obras poéticas. Sobre o poeta português Antero de Quental ter-se-á como norteador, a partir dos seus Sonetos Completos (1886), a seleção feita por António Sérgio: Antero de Quental Sonetos, da Coleção de Clássicos Sá da Costa (1968), prefaciada por Oliveira Martins; a respeito do poeta brasileiro Augusto dos Anjos, utilizar-se-á o Eu (1912), em edição organizada por Alexei Bueno: Augusto dos Anjos: Obra completa, volume único, publicado pela Nova Aguilar (1994). Isto posto, lançando mão dos instrumentos metodológicos propostos pela Literatura Comparada, bem como da Estética da Recepção, fundamentais para o desenvolvimento deste trabalho, entre outros pertinentes estudos teóricos e aos poetas por nós elegidos