Journal articles: 'Antropyloroduodenal motility'

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VERKIJK, M., and A. HERTOG. "Intraluminal pH and antropyloroduodenal motility." Gastroenterology 120, no. 5 (April 2001): A285. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0016-5085(01)81416-5.

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Verkijk, M., and A. L. Hertog. "Intraluminal pH and antropyloroduodenal motility." Gastroenterology 120, no. 5 (April 2001): A285. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0016-5085(08)81416-3.

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Feinle, Christine, Deirdre O'Donovan, Selena Doran, Jane M. Andrews, Judith Wishart, Ian Chapman, and Michael Horowitz. "Effects of fat digestion on appetite, APD motility, and gut hormones in response to duodenal fat infusion in humans." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 284, no. 5 (May 1, 2003): G798—G807. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00512.2002.

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The presence of nutrients in the small intestine slows gastric emptying and suppresses appetite and food intake; these effects are partly mediated by the release of gut hormones, including CCK. We investigated the hypothesis that the modulation of antropyloroduodenal motility, suppression of appetite, and stimulation of CCK and glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion by intraduodenal fat are dependent on triglyceride hydrolysis by lipase. Sixteen healthy, young, lean men were studied twice in double-blind, randomized, crossover fashion. Ratings for appetite-related sensations, antropyloroduodenal motility, and plasma CCK and glucagon-like peptide-1 concentrations were measured during a 120-min duodenal infusion of a triglyceride emulsion (2.8 kcal/min) on one day with, on the other day without, 120 mg tetrahydrolipstatin, a potent lipase inhibitor. Immediately after the duodenal fat infusion, food intake at a buffet lunch was quantified. Lipase inhibition with tetrahydrolipstatin was associated with reductions in tonic and phasic pyloric pressures, increased numbers of isolated antral and duodenal pressure waves, and stimulation of antropyloroduodenal pressure-wave sequences (all P < 0.05). Scores for prospective consumption and food intake at lunch were greater, and nausea scores were slightly less, and the rises in plasma CCK and glucagon-like peptide-1 were abolished (all P < 0.05). In conclusion, lipase inhibition attenuates the effects of duodenal fat on antropyloroduodenal motility, appetite, and CCK and glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion.

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Pilichiewicz, Amelia N., Penny Papadopoulos, Ixchel M. Brennan, Tanya J. Little, James H. Meyer, Judith M. Wishart, Michael Horowitz, and Christine Feinle-Bisset. "Load-dependent effects of duodenal lipid on antropyloroduodenal motility, plasma CCK and PYY, and energy intake in healthy men." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 293, no. 6 (December 2007): R2170—R2178. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00511.2007.

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Both load and duration of small intestinal lipid infusion affect antropyloroduodenal motility and CCK and peptide YY (PYY) release at loads comparable to and higher than the normal gastric emptying rate. We determined 1) the effects of intraduodenal lipid loads well below the mean rate of gastric emptying on, and 2) the relationships between antropyloroduodenal motility, CCK, PYY, appetite, and energy intake. Sixteen healthy males were studied on four occasions in double-blind, randomized fashion. Antropyloroduodenal motility, plasma CCK and PYY, and appetite perceptions were measured during 50-min IL (Intralipid) infusions at: 0.25 (IL0.25), 1.5 (IL1.5), and 4 (IL4) kcal/min or saline (control), after which energy intake at a buffet meal was quantified. IL0.25 stimulated isolated pyloric pressure waves (PWs) and CCK release, albeit transiently, and suppressed antral PWs, PW sequences, and hunger ( P < 0.05) but had no effect on basal pyloric pressure or PYY when compared with control. Loads ≥ 1.5 kcal/min were required for the stimulation of basal pyloric pressures and PYY and suppression of duodenal PWs ( P < 0.05). All of these effects were related to the lipid load ( R > 0.5 or < −0.5, P < 0.05). Only IL4 reduced energy intake (in kcal: control, 1,289 ± 62; IL0.25, 1,282 ± 44; IL1.5, 1,235 ± 71; and IL4, 1,139 ± 65 compared with control and IL0.25, P < 0.05). In conclusion, in healthy males the effects of intraduodenal lipid on antropyloroduodenal motility, plasma CCK and PYY, appetite, and energy intake are load dependent, and the threshold loads required to elicit responses vary for these parameters.

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Stevens, Julie E., Selena Doran, Antonietta Russo, Deirdre O'Donovan, Christine Feinle-Bisset, Christopher K. Rayner, Michael Horowitz, and Karen L. Jones. "Effects of intravenous fructose on gastric emptying and antropyloroduodenal motility in healthy subjects." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 297, no. 6 (December 2009): G1274—G1280. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00214.2009.

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Gastric emptying (GE) of glucose is regulated closely, not only as a result of inhibitory feedback arising from the small intestine, but also because of the resulting hyperglycemia. Fructose is used widely in the diabetic diet and is known to empty from the stomach slightly faster than glucose but substantially slower than water. The aims of this study were to determine whether intravenous (iv) fructose affects GE and antropyloroduodenal motility and how any effects compare to those induced by iv glucose. Six healthy males (age: 26.7 ± 3.8 yr) underwent concurrent measurements of GE of a solid meal (100 g ground beef labeled with 20 MBq99mTc-sulfur colloid) and antropyloroduodenal motility on three separate days in randomized order during iv infusion of either fructose (0.5 g/kg), glucose (0.5 g/kg), or isotonic saline for 20 min. GE (scintigraphy), antropyloroduodenal motility (manometry), and blood glucose (glucometer) were measured for 120 min. There was a rise in blood glucose ( P < 0.001) after iv glucose (peak 16.4 ± 0.6 mmol/l) but not after fructose or saline. Intravenous glucose and fructose both slowed GE substantially ( P < 0.005 for both), without any significant difference between them. Between t = 0 and 30 min, the number of antral pressure waves was less after both glucose and fructose ( P < 0.002 for both) than saline, and there were more isolated pyloric pressure waves during iv glucose ( P = 0.003) compared with fructose and saline ( P = NS for both) infusions. In conclusion, iv fructose slows GE and modulates gastric motility in healthy subjects, and the magnitude of slowing of GE is comparable to that induced by iv glucose.

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Boyd, K. A., D. G. O'Donovan, S. Doran, J. Wishart, I. M. Chapman, M. Horowitz, and C. Feinle. "High-fat diet effects on gut motility, hormone, and appetite responses to duodenal lipid in healthy men." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 284, no. 2 (February 1, 2003): G188—G196. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00375.2002.

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There is evidence that gastrointestinal function adapts in response to a high-fat (HF) diet. This study investigated the hypothesis that an HF diet modifies the acute effects of duodenal lipid on appetite, antropyloroduodenal pressures, plasma CCK and plasma glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) levels in humans. Twelve healthy men were studied twice in randomized, crossover fashion. The effects of a 90-min duodenal lipid infusion (6.3 kJ/min) on the above parameters were assessed immediately following 14-day periods on either an HF or a low-fat (LF) diet. After the HF diet, pyloric tonic and phasic pressures were attenuated, and the number of antropyloroduodenal pressure-wave sequences was increased when compared with the LF diet. Plasma CCK and GLP-1 levels did not differ between the two diets. Hunger was greater during the lipid infusion following the HF diet, but there was no difference in food intake. Therefore, exposure to an HF diet for 14 days attenuates the effects of duodenal lipid on antropyloroduodenal pressures and hunger without affecting food intake or plasma hormone levels.

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&NA;. "Effect of secretin on digestive and interdigestive antropyloroduodenal motility." European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology 13, no. 12 (December 2001): A30—A31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00042737-200112000-00108.

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Pilichiewicz, Amelia N., Tanya J. Little, Ixchel M. Brennan, James H. Meyer, Judith M. Wishart, Bärbel Otto, Michael Horowitz, and Christine Feinle-Bisset. "Effects of load, and duration, of duodenal lipid on antropyloroduodenal motility, plasma CCK and PYY, and energy intake in healthy men." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 290, no. 3 (March 2006): R668—R677. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00606.2005.

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Enterally administered lipid modulates antropyloroduodenal motility, gut hormone release, appetite, and energy intake. We hypothesized that these effects would be dependent on both the load, and duration, of small intestinal exposure to lipid. Eleven healthy men were studied on four occasions in a double-blind, randomized, fashion. Antropyloroduodenal motility, plasma CCK and peptide YY (PYY) concentrations, and appetite perceptions were measured during intraduodenal infusion of lipid (Intralipid) at 1) 1.33 kcal/min for 50 min, 2) 4 kcal/min for 50 min, and 3) 1.33 kcal/min for 150 min, or 4) saline for 150 min. Immediately after the infusions, energy intake was quantified. Pressure wave sequences (PWSs) were suppressed, and basal pyloric pressure, isolated pyloric pressure waves (IPPWs), plasma CCK and PYY stimulated (all P < 0.05), during the first 50 min of lipid infusion, in a load-dependent fashion. The effect of the 4 kcal/min infusion was sustained so that the suppression of antral pressure waves (PWs) and PWSs and increase in PYY remained evident after cessation of the infusion (all P < 0.05). The prolonged lipid infusion (1.33 kcal/min for 150 min) suppressed antral PWs, stimulated CCK and PYY and basal pyloric pressure (all P < 0.05), and tended to stimulate IPPWs when compared with saline throughout the entire infusion period. There was no significant effect of any of the lipid infusions on appetite or energy intake, although nausea was slightly higher ( P < 0.05) with the 4 kcal/min infusion. In conclusion, both the load, and duration, of small intestinal lipid influence antropyloroduodenal motility and patterns of CCK and PYY release.

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Fraser, R., M. Horowitz, A. Maddox, and J. Dent. "Dual effects of cisapride on gastric emptying and antropyloroduodenal motility." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 264, no. 2 (February 1, 1993): G195—G201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1993.264.2.g195.

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There is little information about the effects of cisapride on human antropyloroduodenal motility, despite its documented efficacy for increasing the rate of gastric emptying in patients with gastroparesis. Cisapride has been reported to have little effect on gastric emptying in normal subjects. Antral, pyloric, and duodenal pressures were recorded simultaneously with gastric emptying in 20 healthy volunteers. Thirty minutes after the solid component of the meal had started to empty from the stomach, each subject received either 10 mg cisapride i.v. (11 subjects) or intravenous saline (9 subjects). Intravenous saline had no effect on either motility or gastric emptying. In contrast, cisapride administration was associated with a dual effect on motility, with initial suppression of antral pressure waves (P < 0.05) followed by stimulation of associated antropyloroduodenal pressure waves (P < 0.01). Gastric emptying slowed in the first 30 min after cisapride (P < 0.05), and this was followed by more rapid gastric emptying (P < 0.01). The amount of the meal emptied in the 60 min after cisapride correlated with the number of associated antroduodenal pressure waves (r = 0.75, P < 0.001) but not with the number of antral waves (r = 0.42, NS). These results indicate that cisapride in a dose of 10 mg i.v. has dual effects on gastric emptying and gastric motility. The stimulation of associated antral pressure waves is a plausible mechanism for the efficacy of cisapride in the treatment of gastroparesis.

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Pilichiewicz, Amelia N., Reawika Chaikomin, Ixchel M. Brennan, Judith M. Wishart, Christopher K. Rayner, Karen L. Jones, Andre J. P. M. Smout, Michael Horowitz, and Christine Feinle-Bisset. "Load-dependent effects of duodenal glucose on glycemia, gastrointestinal hormones, antropyloroduodenal motility, and energy intake in healthy men." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 293, no. 3 (September 2007): E743—E753. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00159.2007.

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Gastric emptying is a major determinant of glycemia, gastrointestinal hormone release, and appetite. We determined the effects of different intraduodenal glucose loads on glycemia, insulinemia, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and cholecystokinin (CCK), antropyloroduodenal motility, and energy intake in healthy subjects. Blood glucose, plasma hormone, and antropyloroduodenal motor responses to 120-min intraduodenal infusions of glucose at 1) 1 (“G1”), 2) 2 (“G2”), and 3) 4 (“G4”) kcal/min or of 4) saline (“control”) were measured in 10 healthy males in double-blind, randomized fashion. Immediately after each infusion, energy intake at a buffet meal was quantified. Blood glucose rose in response to all glucose infusions ( P < 0.05 vs. control), with the effect of G4 and G2 being greater than that of G1 ( P < 0.05) but with no difference between G2 and G4. The rises in insulin, GLP-1, GIP, and CCK were related to the glucose load ( r > 0.82, P < 0.05). All glucose infusions suppressed antral ( P < 0.05), but only G4 decreased duodenal, pressure waves ( P < 0.01), resulted in a sustained stimulation of basal pyloric pressure ( P < 0.01), and decreased energy intake ( P < 0.05). In conclusion, variations in duodenal glucose loads have differential effects on blood glucose, plasma insulin, GLP-1, GIP and CCK, antropyloroduodenal motility, and energy intake in healthy subjects. These observations have implications for strategies to minimize postprandial glycemic excursions in type 2 diabetes.

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Sun, W. M., S. Doran, K. L. Jones, E. Ooi, G. Boeckxstaens, G. S. Hebbard, T. Lingenfelser, J. E. Morley, J. Dent, and M. Horowitz. "Effects of nitroglycerin on liquid gastric emptying and antropyloroduodenal motility." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 275, no. 5 (November 1, 1998): G1173—G1178. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1998.275.5.g1173.

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The effects of the nitric oxide donor nitroglycerin on gastric emptying and antropyloroduodenal motility were evaluated in nine healthy male subjects (ages 19–36 yr). Antropyloroduodenal pressures were recorded with a manometric assembly that had nine side holes spanning the antrum and proximal duodenum and a pyloric sleeve sensor; gastric emptying was quantified scintigraphically. In each subject, the emptying of 300 ml of 25% glucose labeled with99mTc was assessed on two separate days during intravenous infusion of either nitroglycerin (5 μg/min in 5% dextrose) or 5% dextrose (control). Studies were performed with the subject in the supine position; blood pressure and heart rate were monitored. Nitroglycerin had no significant effect on blood pressure or heart rate. Nitroglycerin slowed gastric emptying ( P < 0.02), and this was associated with greater retention of the drink in the proximal stomach ( P < 0.05). In both nitroglycerin and control studies, ingestion of the drink was associated with an increase in the number of isolated pyloric pressure waves ( P < 0.05) and antral pressure wave sequences ( P < 0.05). Nitroglycerin reduced the number of isolated pyloric pressure waves ( P < 0.05), basal pyloric pressure ( P < 0.05), and the number of antral pressure wave sequences ( P < 0.05), but not the total number of antral pressure waves. The rate of gastric emptying and the number of isolated pyloric pressure waves were inversely related during control ( P = 0.03) and nitroglycerin ( P < 0.05) infusions. We conclude that in normal subjects, 1) gastric emptying of 300 ml of 25% glucose is inversely related to the frequency of phasic pyloric pressure waves, and 2) nitroglycerin in a dose of 5 μg/min inhibits pyloric motility, alters the organization but not the number of antral pressure waves, and slows gastric emptying and intragastric distribution of 25% glucose.

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Heddle, R., J. Dent, N. W. Read, L. A. Houghton, J. Toouli, M. Horowitz, G. J. Maddern, and J. Downton. "Antropyloroduodenal motor responses to intraduodenal lipid infusion in healthy volunteers." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 254, no. 5 (May 1, 1988): G671—G679. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1988.254.5.g671.

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The delivery of lipid to the duodenum has been shown to slow gastric emptying and to increase the resistance to gastric outflow. To investigate mechanisms responsible for these effects, we have recorded antropyloroduodenal motility in nine healthy volunteers during alternate intraduodenal infusions of normal saline and triglyceride emulsion (Intralipid 10%). During the lipid infusions there were reproducible, major changes in the patterns of motility. Pressure waves, apparently isolated to the pylorus, usually started within 10 min of initiation of the lipid infusion. After 20-25 min of lipid infusion these waves occurred at median rates of 2.4 and 2.8/min (1st and 2nd lipid infusions, respectively); these rates were significantly greater (P less than 0.05) than the median rates (all less than or equal to 0.4/min) observed during the equivalent period of the succeeding saline infusions. During 10 of 22 lipid infusions, isolated pyloric pressure waves were associated with sustained pyloric tone. Infusion of lipid into the duodenum suppressed antral pressure waves in all subjects and initiated brief periods of regular duodenal contractions during 11 of 22 infusions. These studies have demonstrated alterations of antropyloroduodenal motor patterns in response to changes in the duodenal luminal content. The effects on antral and pyloric motility are probably of importance in the regulation of transpyloric flow by nutrients in the duodenal lumen.

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Verhagen, M. A. M. T., M. Samsom, and A. J. P. M. Smout. "Effects of intraduodenal glucose infusion on gastric myoelectrical activity and antropyloroduodenal motility." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 274, no. 6 (June 1, 1998): G1038—G1044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1998.274.6.g1038.

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Intraduodenal nutrient infusions cause an inhibition of antral motility and an increase in pyloric motility. The involvement of gastric myoelectrical activity in this intestinogastric feedback was studied. Electrogastrography and antropyloroduodenal manometry were performed in 10 healthy volunteers. The effects of 20-min infusions of 25% glucose (4 kcal/min) and saline were compared. Intraduodenal glucose infusions caused a decrease in the power of the dominant frequency in the electrogastrogram ( P = 0.028), but the frequency itself remained unchanged. The total number of dysrhythmias increased ( P = 0.035). An inhibition of antral motor activity ( P = 0.001), an increase in the number of isolated pyloric pressure waves ( P = 0.027), and an increase in basal pyloric tone ( P = 0.001) were simultaneously recorded. The change in power during glucose infusion correlated positively with the change in the antral motility index ( rs= 0.50, P = 0.001). It is concluded that inhibition of gastric myoelectrical activity is one of the mechanisms underlying an inhibition of motor activity in the gastric antrum.

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Anvari, M., M. Horowitz, R. Fraser, A. Maddox, J. Myers, J. Dent, and G. G. Jamieson. "Effects of posture on gastric emptying of nonnutrient liquids and antropyloroduodenal motility." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 268, no. 5 (May 1, 1995): G868—G871. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1995.268.5.g868.

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The effects of posture on gastric emptying, intragastric distribution, and antropyloroduodenal motility after ingestion of a nonnutrient liquid have been evaluated. In seven healthy volunteers antropyloroduodenal pressures were measured for 30 min after ingestion of 150 ml of normal saline in two different positions: sitting and left lateral. Saline drinks were radiolabeled and ingested both before and after intravenous atropine (4 micrograms/kg). Rates of emptying from both the total (P < 0.05) and the proximal (P < 0.05) stomach were faster in the sitting position than in the left lateral position. There were more long (> 6 cm) antropyloric pressure waves (P < 0.05) and isolated pyloric pressure waves (P < 0.05) in the sitting position. Intravenous atropine slowed emptying in both positions (P < 0.05) and in the sitting position decreased (P < 0.05) the number of antropyloric pressure waves. After atropine, gastric emptying was also faster in the sitting compared with the decubitus position (P < 0.05), although there was no difference in antropyloric or isolated pyloric pressure waves between the two postures. We conclude that the effects of gravity on gastric emptying of nonnutrient liquids are likely to reflect changes in both antropyloric motility and intragastric distribution.

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Kuiken, Sjoerd D., Guido N. J. Tytgat, and Guy E. E. Boeckxstaens. "Role of endogenous nitric oxide in regulating antropyloroduodenal motility in humans1." American Journal of Gastroenterology 97, no. 7 (July 2002): 1661–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1572-0241.2002.05824.x.

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Fraser, R. J., M. Horowitz, A. F. Maddox, and J. Dent. "Postprandial antropyloroduodenal motility and gastric emptying in gastroparesis--effects of cisapride." Gut 35, no. 2 (February 1, 1994): 172–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gut.35.2.172.

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Kuiken, S. "Role of endogenous nitric oxide in regulating antropyloroduodenal motility in humans." American Journal of Gastroenterology 97, no. 7 (July 2002): 1661–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9270(02)04180-1.

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Malbert, C. H., J. P. Serthelon, and J. Dent. "Changes in antroduodenal resistance induced by Cisapride in conscious dogs." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 263, no. 2 (August 1, 1992): G202—G208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1992.263.2.g202.

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The effects of Cisapride on gastric outflow/pressure relationships have been examined in conscious dogs. In the digestive state, after inhibition of emptying in the first 10 min, Cisapride accelerated gastric emptying for 110 min by increasing the volume (7.3 +/- 1.2 vs. 2.3 +/- 0.3 ml) rather than by decreasing the interval between flow pulses (4.9 +/- 0.2 vs. 4.5 +/- 0.1s). After non-nutrient gastric loading, Cisapride also first inhibited and then accelerated gastric emptying as the consequence of both a larger stroke volume (8.0 +/- 1.7 vs. 3.2 +/- 0.5 ml) and more frequent pulses (3.9 +/- 0.1 vs. 4.9 +/- 0.1 s). In both situations, Cisapride increased the amplitude of the antral/pyloric pressure waves. Antropyloroduodenal resistance increased substantially in the first 10 min after Cisapride then recovered to its control value. We conclude that stimulation of antropyloroduodenal motility by Cisapride can both impede and increase gastric emptying by changes in antroduodenal resistance.

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Little, Tanya J., Kate L. Feltrin, Michael Horowitz, James H. Meyer, Judith Wishart, Ian M. Chapman, and Christine Feinle-Bisset. "A high-fat diet raises fasting plasma CCK but does not affect upper gut motility, PYY, and ghrelin, or energy intake during CCK-8 infusion in lean men." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 294, no. 1 (January 2008): R45—R51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00597.2007.

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There is evidence from studies in animals that the effects of both fat and CCK on gastrointestinal function and energy intake are attenuated by consumption of a high-fat diet. In humans, the effects of exogenous CCK-8 on antropyloroduodenal motility, plasma CCK, peptide YY (PYY), and ghrelin concentrations, appetite, and energy intake are attenuated by a high-fat diet. Ten healthy lean males consumed isocaloric diets (∼15,400 kJ per day), containing either 44% (high-fat, HF) or 9% (low-fat, LF) fat, for 21 days in single-blind, randomized, cross-over fashion. Immediately following each diet (i.e., on day 22), subjects received a 45-min intravenous infusion of CCK-8 (2 ng·kg−1·min−1), and effects on antropyloroduodenal motility, plasma CCK, PYY, ghrelin concentrations, hunger, and fullness were determined. Thirty minutes after commencement of the infusion, subjects were offered a buffet-style meal, from which energy intake (in kilojoules) was quantified. Body weight was unaffected by the diets. Fasting CCK ( P < 0.05), but not PYY and ghrelin, concentrations were greater following the HF, compared with the LF, diet. Infusion of CCK-8 stimulated pyloric pressures ( P < 0.01) and suppressed antral and duodenal pressures ( P < 0.05), with no difference between the diets. Energy intake also did not differ between the diets. Short-term consumption of a HF diet increases fasting plasma CCK concentrations but does not affect upper gut motility, PYY and ghrelin, or energy intake during CCK-8 infusion, in a dose of 2 ng·kg−1·min−1, in healthy males.

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Seimon, Radhika V., Kate L. Feltrin, James H. Meyer, Ixchel M. Brennan, Judith M. Wishart, Michael Horowitz, and Christine Feinle-Bisset. "Effects of varying combinations of intraduodenal lipid and carbohydrate on antropyloroduodenal motility, hormone release, and appetite in healthy males." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 296, no. 4 (April 2009): R912—R920. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.90934.2008.

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Intraduodenal infusions of both lipid and glucose modulate antropyloroduodenal motility and stimulate plasma CCK, with lipid being more potent than glucose. Both stimulate glucagon-like peptide-1, but only lipid stimulates peptide YY (PYY), while only glucose raises blood glucose and stimulates insulin. When administered in combination, lipid and carbohydrate may, thus, have additive effects on energy intake. However, elevated blood glucose levels do not suppress energy intake, and the effect of insulin is controversial. We hypothesized that increasing the ratio of maltodextrin, a complex carbohydrate, relative to lipid would be associated with a reduction in effects on antropyloroduodenal pressures, gut hormones, appetite, and energy intake, when compared with lipid alone. Ten healthy males were studied on three occasions in double-blind, randomized order. Antropyloroduodenal pressures, plasma CCK, PYY and insulin, blood glucose, and appetite were measured during 90-min intraduodenal infusions of 1) 3 kcal/min lipid (L3), 2) 2 kcal/min lipid and 1 kcal/min maltodextrin (L2/CHO1), or 3) 1 kcal/min lipid and 2 kcal/min maltodextrin (L1/CHO2). Energy intake at a buffet lunch consumed immediately after the infusion was quantified. Reducing the lipid (thus, increasing the carbohydrate) content of the infusion was associated with reduced stimulation of basal pyloric pressures ( r = 0.76, P < 0.01), plasma CCK ( r = 0.66, P < 0.01), and PYY ( r = 0.98, P < 0.001), and reduced suppression of antral ( r = −0.64, P < 0.05) and duodenal ( r = −0.69, P < 0.05) pressure waves, desire-to-eat ( r = −0.8, P < 0.001), and energy intake ( r = 0.74, P < 0.01), with no differences in phasic (isolated) pyloric pressures. In conclusion, in healthy males, intraduodenal lipid is a more potent modulator of gut function, associated with greater suppression of energy intake, when compared with isocaloric combinations of lipid and maltodextrin.

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Edelbroek, Michela, Michael Horowitz, John Dent, Wei Ming Sun, Charles Malbert, André Smout, and Louis Akkermans. "Effects of duodenal distention on fasting and postprandial antropyloroduodenal motility in humans." Gastroenterology 106, no. 3 (March 1994): 583–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-5085(94)90689-0.

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Feltrin, Kate L., Tanya J. Little, James H. Meyer, Michael Horowitz, Andre J. P. M. Smout, Judith Wishart, Amelia N. Pilichiewicz, Thomas Rades, Ian M. Chapman, and Christine Feinle-Bisset. "Effects of intraduodenal fatty acids on appetite, antropyloroduodenal motility, and plasma CCK and GLP-1 in humans vary with their chain length." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 287, no. 3 (September 2004): R524—R533. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00039.2004.

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The gastrointestinal effects of intraluminal fats may be critically dependent on the chain length of fatty acids released during lipolysis. We postulated that intraduodenal administration of lauric acid (12 carbon atoms; C12) would suppress appetite, modulate antropyloroduodenal pressure waves (PWs), and stimulate the release of cholecystokinin (CCK) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) more than an identical dose of decanoic acid (10 carbon atoms; C10). Eight healthy males (19–47 yr old) were studied on three occasions in a double-blind, randomized fashion. Appetite perceptions, antropyloroduodenal PWs, and plasma CCK and GLP-1 concentrations were measured during a 90-min intraduodenal infusion of 1) C12, 2) C10, or 3) control (rate: 2 ml/min, 0.375 kcal/min for C12/C10). Energy intake at a buffet meal, immediately after completion of the infusion, was also quantified. C12, but not C10, suppressed appetite perceptions ( P < 0.001) and energy intake (control: 4,604 ± 464 kJ, C10: 4,109 ± 588 kJ, and C12: 1,747 ± 632 kJ; P < 0.001, C12 vs. control/C10). C12, but not C10, also induced nausea ( P < 0.001). C12 stimulated basal pyloric pressures and isolated pyloric PWs and suppressed antral and duodenal PWs compared with control ( P < 0.05 for all). C10 transiently stimulated isolated pyloric PWs ( P = 0.001) and had no effect on antral PWs but markedly stimulated duodenal PWs ( P = 0.004). C12 and C10 increased plasma CCK ( P < 0.001), but the effect of C12 was substantially greater ( P = 0.001); C12 stimulated GLP-1 ( P < 0.05), whereas C10 did not. In conclusion, there are major differences in the effects of intraduodenal C12 and C10, administered at 0.375 kcal/min, on appetite, energy intake, antropyloroduodenal PWs, and gut hormone release in humans.

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Dooley, C. P., and J. E. Valenzuela. "Antropyloroduodenal activity during gastric emptying of liquid meals in humans." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 255, no. 1 (July 1, 1988): G93—G98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1988.255.1.g93.

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The present study examines the possible roles of the pylorus and the proximal duodenum in the gastric emptying of two liquid meals in six healthy volunteers. Gastric emptying of a saline meal (150 mM) and an acid meal (120 mM hydrochloric acid) were measured by the double-sampling dye dilution technique while antroduodenal motility was monitored with a continuously perfused catheter system. Pyloric region pressures were measured with a Dent sleeve. The acid meal (t1/2 = 13.5 +/- 1.8 min) emptied significantly (P less than 0.01) slower than the saline meal (t1/2 = 3.5 +/- 0.7 min). This slowing in the emptying of the acid meal was associated with significant (P less than 0.05) increments in tonic pyloric activity and phasic contractions of the proximal duodenum. Thus the gastric emptying of liquid meals is a complex process involving all components of the gastroduodenal region.

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Su, Yu-Chung, Selena Doran, Gary Wittert, Ian M. Chapman, Karen L. Jones, Andre J. P. M. Smout, and Michael Horowitz. "Effects of exogenous corticotropin-releasing factor on antropyloroduodenal motility and appetite in humans." American Journal of Gastroenterology 97, no. 1 (January 2002): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1572-0241.2002.05422.x.

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Sun, W. M., R. Penagini, G. Hebbard, C. Malbert, K. L. Jones, S. Emery, J. Dent, and M. Horowitz. "Effect of drink temperature on antropyloroduodenal motility and gastric electrical activity in humans." Gut 37, no. 3 (September 1, 1995): 329–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gut.37.3.329.

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SU, Y., S. DORAN, G. WITTERT, I. CHAPMAN, K. JONES, A. SMOUT, and M. HOROWITZ. "Effect of exogenous corticotropin-releasing factor on antropyloroduodenal motility and appetite in humans." Gastroenterology 120, no. 5 (April 2001): A173. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0016-5085(01)80856-8.

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Su, Yu Chung, Selena Doran, Gary Wittert, Ian M. Chapman, Karen L. Jones, Andre J. Smout, and Michael Horowitz. "Effect of exogenous corticotropin-releasing factor on antropyloroduodenal motility and appetite in humans." Gastroenterology 120, no. 5 (April 2001): A173. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0016-5085(08)80856-6.

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Brennan, Ixchel M., Tanya J. Little, Kate L. Feltrin, Andre J. P. M. Smout, Judith M. Wishart, Michael Horowitz, and Christine Feinle-Bisset. "Dose-dependent effects of cholecystokinin-8 on antropyloroduodenal motility, gastrointestinal hormones, appetite, and energy intake in healthy men." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 295, no. 6 (December 2008): E1487—E1494. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.90791.2008.

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CCK mediates the effects of nutrients on gastrointestinal motility and appetite. Intravenously administered CCK stimulates pyloric pressures, increases plasma PYY, and suppresses ghrelin, all of which may be important in the regulation of appetite and energy intake. The dose-related effects of exogenous CCK on gastrointestinal motility and gut hormone release, and the relationships between these effects and those on energy intake, are uncertain. We hypothesized that 1) intravenous CCK-8 would have dose-dependent effects on antropyloroduodenal (APD) pressures, plasma PYY and ghrelin concentrations, appetite, and energy intake and 2) the suppression of energy intake by CCK-8 would be related to the stimulation of pyloric motility. Ten healthy men (age 26 ± 2 yr) were studied on four separate occasions in double-blind, randomized fashion. APD pressures, plasma PYY and ghrelin, and appetite were measured during 120-min intravenous infusions of 1) saline (“control”) or 2) CCK-8 at 0.33 (“CCK0.33”), 3) 0.66 (“CCK0.66”), or 4) 2.0 (“CCK2.0”) ng·kg−1·min−1. After 90 min, energy intake at a buffet meal was quantified. CCK-8 dose-dependently stimulated phasic and tonic pyloric pressures and plasma PYY concentrations ( r > 0.70, P < 0.05) and reduced desire to eat and energy intake ( r > −0.60, P < 0.05) without inducing nausea. There were relationships between basal pyloric pressure and isolated pyloric pressure waves (IPPW) with plasma CCK ( r > 0.50, P < 0.01) and between energy intake with IPPW ( r = −0.70, P < 0.05). Therefore, our study demonstrates that exogenous CCK-8 has dose-related effects on APD motility, plasma PYY, desire to eat, and energy intake and suggests that the suppression of energy intake is related to the stimulation of IPPW.

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Little, Tanya J., Kate L. Feltrin, Michael Horowitz, Andre J. P. M. Smout, Thomas Rades, James H. Meyer, Amelia N. Pilichiewicz, Judith Wishart, and Christine Feinle-Bisset. "Dose-related effects of lauric acid on antropyloroduodenal motility, gastrointestinal hormone release, appetite, and energy intake in healthy men." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 289, no. 4 (October 2005): R1090—R1098. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00290.2005.

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We recently reported that intraduodenal infusion of lauric acid (C12) (0.375 kcal/min, 106 mM) stimulates isolated pyloric pressure waves (IPPWs), inhibits antral and duodenal pressure waves (PWs), stimulates release of cholecystokinin (CCK) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and suppresses energy intake and that these effects are much greater than those seen in response to isocaloric decanoic acid (C10) infusion. Administration of C12 was, however, associated with nausea, confounding interpretation of the results. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different intraduodenal doses of C12 on antropyloroduodenal (APD) motility, plasma CCK and GLP-1 concentrations, appetite, and energy intake. Thirteen healthy males were studied on 4 days in double-blind, randomized fashion. APD pressures, plasma CCK and GLP-1 concentrations, and appetite perceptions were measured during 90-min ID infusion of C12 at 0.1 (14 mM), 0.2 (28 mM), or 0.4 (56 mM) kcal/min or saline (control; rate 4 ml/min). Energy intake was determined at a buffet meal immediately following infusion. C12 dose-dependently stimulated IPPWs, decreased antral and duodenal motility, and stimulated secretion of CCK and GLP-1 ( r > 0.4, P < 0.05 for all). C12 (0.4 kcal/min) suppressed energy intake compared with control, C12 (0.1 kcal/min), and C12 (0.2 kcal/min) ( P < 0.05). These effects were observed in the absence of nausea. In conclusion, intraduodenal C12 dose-dependently modulated APD motility and gastrointestinal hormone release in healthy male subjects, whereas effects on energy intake were only apparent with the highest dose infused (0.4 kcal/min), possibly because only at this dose was modulation of APD motility and gastrointestinal hormone secretion sufficient for a suppressant effect on energy intake.

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Ryan, Amy T., Christine Feinle-Bisset, Asimina Kallas, Judith M. Wishart, Peter M. Clifton, Michael Horowitz, and Natalie D. Luscombe-Marsh. "Intraduodenal protein modulates antropyloroduodenal motility, hormone release, glycemia, appetite, and energy intake in lean men." American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 96, no. 3 (August 1, 2012): 474–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.112.038133.

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Rayner, Christopher K., M. P. Schwartz, P. S. Van Dam, Willem Renooij, Martin De Smet, Michael Horowitz, Andre J. Smout, and Melvin Samsom. "Effects of small intestinal nutrients on antropyloroduodenal motility and perceptions in type 1 diabetes mellitus." Gastroenterology 120, no. 5 (April 2001): A463. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0016-5085(08)82294-9.

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RAYNER, C., M. SCHWARTZ, P. VANDAM, W. RENOOIJ, M. DESMET, M. HOROWITZ, A. SMOUT, and M. SAMSOM. "Effects of small intestinal nutrients on antropyloroduodenal motility and perceptions in type 1 diabetes mellitus." Gastroenterology 120, no. 5 (April 2001): A463. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0016-5085(01)82294-0.

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Holle, G. E., E. Steinbach, and W. Forth. "Intrinsic corporoantropyloric coordination of motility and gastric emptying." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 266, no. 2 (February 1, 1994): G255—G262. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1994.266.2.g255.

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This study examined changes in gastric motility after interruption of the intramural nervous circuitry from the proximal portion of the stomach to the antrum by a circumferential gastric myotomy. Seven extraluminal strain gauge force transducers and five platinum electrodes were implanted along the antropyloroduodenal region, and gastric emptying was studied by X-ray after a 280-g solid meat meal mixed with barium. The motility index increased aboral to the myotomy by 106 and 69% in the distal antrum and pylorus, respectively, in the first postprandial 30-60 min because of the loss of an inhibitory neural influence from the proximal part of the stomach. Destabilization of the basic electrical rhythm occurred in 50% of the dogs. This was apparent as tachyarrhythmia or bradyarrhythmia and an early postprandial 2-11% decrease in slow-wave frequency and a 100% increase in slow-wave amplitude. Coordination of corporoantropyloric contractions was disorganized. Frequent segmenting and antidromic contractions were associated with reduced periods of optimal emptying and disturbed intragastric chyme transport into the constricted antrum. A 10-30% gastric emptying delay of approximately 50 min was a consequence of myotomy despite an increased antroduodenal motor gradient after myotomy. The overall results suggest that intact intramural innervation and muscular continuity are essential for coordination of corporoantropyloric motility and normal gastric emptying.

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Pilichiewicz, Amelia N., Michael Horowitz, Antonietta Russo, Anne F. Maddox, Karen L. Jones, Michael Schemann, Gerald Holtmann, and Christine Feinle-Bisset. "Effects of Iberogast® on Proximal Gastric Volume, Antropyloroduodenal Motility and Gastric Emptying in Healthy Men." American Journal of Gastroenterology 102, no. 6 (June 2007): 1276–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1572-0241.2007.01142.x.

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Gentilcore, Diana, Tanya J. Little, Christine Feinle-Bisset, Melvin Samsom, André J. P. M. Smout, Michael Horowitz, and Karen L. Jones. "Role of 5-hydroxytryptamine mechanisms in mediating the effects of small intestinal glucose on blood pressure and antropyloroduodenal motility in older subjects." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 293, no. 4 (October 2007): G692—G698. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00199.2007.

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Postprandial hypotension is an important clinical problem, particularly in the elderly. 5-Hydroxytryptamine3 (5-HT3) mechanisms may be important in the regulation of splanchnic blood flow and blood pressure (BP), and in mediating the effects of small intestinal nutrients on gastrointestinal motility. The aims of this study were to evaluate the effects of the 5-HT3 antagonist granisetron on the BP, heart rate (HR), and antropyloroduodenal (APD) motility responses to intraduodenal glucose in healthy older subjects. Ten subjects (5 male, 5 female, aged 65–76 yr) received an intraduodenal glucose infusion (3 kcal/min) for 60 min ( t = 0–60 min), followed by intraduodenal saline for a further 60 min ( t = 60–120 min) on 2 days. Granisetron (10 μg/kg) or control (saline) was given intravenously at t = −25 min. BP (systolic and diastolic), HR, and APD pressures were measured. Pressure waves in the duodenal channel closest (“local”) to the infusion site were quantified separately. During intraduodenal glucose, there were falls in systolic and diastolic BP and a rise in HR ( P < 0.0001 for all); granisetron had no effect on these responses. Granisetron suppressed the number and amplitude ( P < 0.05 for both) of local duodenal pressures during intraduodenal glucose. Otherwise, the effects of intraduodenal glucose on APD motility did not differ between study days. We conclude that in healthy older subjects, 5-HT3 mechanisms modulate the local duodenal motor effects of, but not the cardiovascular responses to, small intestinal glucose.

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Seimon, Radhika V., Timothy Wooster, Bärbel Otto, Matthew Golding, Li Day, Tanya J. Little, Michael Horowitz, Peter M. Clifton, and Christine Feinle-Bisset. "The droplet size of intraduodenal fat emulsions influences antropyloroduodenal motility, hormone release, and appetite in healthy males." American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 89, no. 6 (April 15, 2009): 1729–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.2009.27518.

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37

Lingenfelser, T., W. M. Sun, G. S. Hebbard, J. Dent, and M. Horowitz. "Effects of duodenal distension on antropyloroduodenal pressures and perception are modified by hyperglycemia." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 276, no. 3 (March 1, 1999): G711—G718. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1999.276.3.g711.

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Marked hyperglycemia (blood glucose ∼15 mmol/l) affects gastrointestinal motor function and modulates the perception of gastrointestinal sensations. The aims of this study were to evaluate the effects of mild hyperglycemia on the perception of, and motor responses to, duodenal distension. Paired studies were done in nine healthy volunteers, during euglycemia (∼4 mmol/l) and mild hyperglycemia (∼10 mmol/l), in randomized order, using a crossover design. Antropyloroduodenal pressures were recorded with a manometric, sleeve-side hole assembly, and proximal duodenal distensions were performed with a flaccid bag. Intrabag volumes were increased at 4-ml increments from 12 to 48 ml, each distension lasting for 2.5 min and separated by 10 min. Perception of the distensions and sensations of fullness, nausea, and hunger were evaluated. Perceptions of distension ( P < 0.001) and fullness ( P < 0.05) were greater and hunger less ( P < 0.001) during hyperglycemia compared with euglycemia. Proximal duodenal distension stimulated pyloric tone ( P < 0.01), isolated pyloric pressure waves ( P < 0.01), and duodenal pressure waves ( P< 0.01). Compared with euglycemia, hyperglycemia was associated with increases in pyloric tone ( P < 0.001), the frequency ( P < 0.05) and amplitude ( P < 0.01) of isolated pyloric pressure waves, and the frequency of duodenal pressure waves ( P < 0.001) in response to duodenal distension. Duodenal compliance was less ( P < 0.05) during hyperglycemia compared with euglycemia, but this did not account for the effects of hyperglycemia on perception. We conclude that both the perception of, and stimulation of pyloric and duodenal pressures by, duodenal distension are increased by mild hyperglycemia. These observations are consistent with the concept that the blood glucose concentration plays a role in the regulation of gastrointestinal motility and sensation.

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Steinert, Robert E., Maria F. Landrock, Michael Horowitz, and Christine Feinle-Bisset. "Effects of Intraduodenal Infusions of L-phenylalanine and L-glutamine on Antropyloroduodenal Motility and Plasma Cholecystokinin in Healthy Men." Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility 21, no. 3 (July 1, 2015): 404–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5056/jnm14143.

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Seimon, R. V., T. J. Wooster, B. Otto, M. Golding, L. Day, T. J. Little, M. Horowitz, P. M. Clifton, and C. Feinle-Bisset. "Effects of the droplet size of intraduodenal fat emulsions on antropyloroduodenal motility, hormone release and appetite in healthy males." Appetite 52, no. 3 (June 2009): 857. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2009.04.176.

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Ryan, A. T., A. Kallas, P. M. Clifton, J. M. Wishart, M. Horowitz, C. Feinle-Bisset, and N. D. Luscombe-Marsh. "Effects of increasing loads of intraduodenal protein on antropyloroduodenal motility, plasma GLP-1 and energy intake in healthy males." Appetite 57 (July 2011): S38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2011.05.259.

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Allescher, H. D., G. Tougas, P. Vergara, S. Lu, and E. E. Daniel. "Nitric oxide as a putative nonadrenergic noncholinergic inhibitory transmitter in the canine pylorus in vivo." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 262, no. 4 (April 1, 1992): G695—G702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1992.262.4.g695.

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Antropyloroduodenal motility was recorded in seven anesthetized dogs to assess the role of nitric oxide and L-arginine metabolites in nonadrenergic noncholinergic (NANC) mediation of pyloric relaxation. Pyloric activity induced by duodenal field stimulation was inhibited by antral field stimulation and electrical vagal stimulation. Intra-arterial NG-L-arginine-methyl-ester (L-NAME) reduced the inhibition from antral or vagal stimulation (P less than 0.05). Intravenous infusion of L-NAME also blocked the inhibitory effect of vagal and antral stimulation but left the tetrodotoxin-insensitive action of intra-arterial vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and sodium nitroprusside unchanged. L-Arginine reversed the effect of L-NAME whereas D-arginine did not. L-NAME enhanced pyloric contractions to intra-arterial acetylcholine. The NANC inhibition of the substance P-stimulated pyloric response in vitro was blocked by L-NAME and reversed by addition of L-arginine. Sodium nitroprusside was effective as a relaxant in vitro but VIP was not. These data suggest that metabolites of L-arginine mediate neural inhibition of canine pyloric motor activity.

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Fone, D. R., L. M. Akkermans, J. Dent, M. Horowitz, and E. J. van der Schee. "Evaluation of patterns of human antral and pyloric motility with an antral wall motion detector." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 258, no. 4 (April 1, 1990): G616—G623. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1990.258.4.g616.

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We have examined the hypothesis that isolated pyloric pressure waves occur in the absence of even low-amplitude antral contractions. Antropyloroduodenal motility was recorded in seven healthy adult volunteers. A sleeve/side-hole manometric assembly was positioned across the pylorus with the aid of measurements of transmucosal potential difference. A new sensor consisting of an elliptical wire transducer 2.5 cm long and 1.5 cm in transverse diameter was incorporated into the assembly above the sleeve. This sensor was designed to detect nonlumen-occluding antral contractions. Motility was studied for 45 min under each of three conditions: 1) fasting, 2) after ingestion of a 100-g beef burger, and 3) during and after a 15-min intraduodenal infusion of 25% dextrose at a rate of 4 ml/min. Overall, only 51% of antral transducer deflections were associated with a change in antral side-hole pressures. Eighty-nine percent of antral side-hole pressure waves were associated with an indication of antral wall motion. Of the pressure waves recorded by the sleeve classified as isolated pyloric pressure waves, none was associated with antral transducer deflection during fasting, 1.1% after intraduodenal dextrose, and 18% after the solid meal. Antral contractions were detected by the wall motion detector with greater sensitivity than antral side holes, possibly reflecting the occurrence of nonlumen-occluding antral contractions. With some exceptions during solid gastric emptying, manometrically defined isolated pyloric pressure waves appear to represent truly localized contraction.

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Bitarafan, Vida, Penelope C. E. Fitzgerald, Tanya J. Little, Wolfgang Meyerhof, Tongzhi Wu, Michael Horowitz, and Christine Feinle-Bisset. "Effects of Intraduodenal Infusion of the Bitter Tastant, Quinine, on Antropyloroduodenal Motility, Plasma Cholecystokinin, and Energy Intake in Healthy Men." Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility 25, no. 3 (July 1, 2019): 413–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5056/jnm19036.

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Seimon, Radhika V., Tim J. Wooster, Baerbel Otto, Matt Golding, Li Day, Tanya J. Little, Michael Horowitz, Peter Clifton, and Christine Feinle-Bisset. "137 The Particle Size of Intraduodenal (ID) Fat Emulsions Modifies Antropyloroduodenal (APD) Motility, Hormone Release and Appetite in Healthy Males." Gastroenterology 136, no. 5 (May 2009): A—25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0016-5085(09)60120-7.

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Brennan, Ixchel M., Kate L. Feltrin, Michael Horowitz, Andre J. P. M. Smout, James H. Meyer, Judith Wishart, and Christine Feinle-Bisset. "Evaluation of interactions between CCK and GLP-1 in their effects on appetite, energy intake, and antropyloroduodenal motility in healthy men." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 288, no. 6 (June 2005): R1477—R1485. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00732.2004.

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There is evidence that CCK and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) mediate the effects of nutrients on appetite and gastrointestinal function and that their interaction may be synergistic. We hypothesized that intravenous CCK-8 and GLP-1 would have synergistic effects on appetite, energy intake, and antropyloroduodenal (APD) motility. Nine healthy males (age 22 ± 1 yr) were studied on four separate days in a double-blind, randomized fashion. Appetite and APD pressures were measured during 150-min intravenous infusions of 1) isotonic saline (control), 2) CCK-8 (1.8 pmol·kg−1·min−1), 3) GLP-1 (0.9 pmol·kg−1·min−1), or 4) both CCK-8 (1.8 pmol·kg−1·min−1) and GLP-1 (0.9 pmol·kg−1·min−1). At 120 min, energy intake at a buffet meal was quantified. CCK-8, but not GLP-1, increased fullness, decreased desire to eat and subsequent energy intake, and increased the number and amplitude of isolated pyloric pressure waves and basal pyloric pressure ( P < 0.05). Both CCK-8 and GLP-1 decreased the number of antral and duodenal pressure waves (PWs) ( P < 0.05), and CCK-8+GLP-1 decreased the number of duodenal PWs more than either CCK-8 or GLP-1 alone ( P < 0.02). This was not the case for appetite or isolated pyloric PWs. In conclusion, at the doses evaluated, exogenously administered CCK-8 and GLP-1 had discrepant effects on appetite, energy intake, and APD pressures, and the effects of CCK-8+GLP-1, in combination, did not exceed the sum of the effects of CCK-8 and GLP-1, providing no evidence of synergism.

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Seimon, R., K. L. Feltrin, I. M. Brennan, J. M. Wishart, M. Horowitz, and C. Feinle-Bisset. "Effects of intraduodenal infusion of varying combinations of lipid and carbohydrate on antropyloroduodenal motility, hormone release and appetite in healthy males." Appetite 51, no. 2 (September 2008): 399. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2008.04.219.

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Soenen, Stijn, Caroline Giezenaar, Amy T. Hutchison, Michael Horowitz, Ian Chapman, and Natalie D. Luscombe-Marsh. "Effects of intraduodenal protein on appetite, energy intake, and antropyloroduodenal motility in healthy older compared with young men in a randomized trial." American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 100, no. 4 (August 6, 2014): 1108–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.114.087981.

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Hutchison, Amy T., Christine Feinle-Bisset, Penelope CE Fitzgerald, Scott Standfield, Michael Horowitz, Peter M. Clifton, and Natalie D. Luscombe-Marsh. "Comparative effects of intraduodenal whey protein hydrolysate on antropyloroduodenal motility, gut hormones, glycemia, appetite, and energy intake in lean and obese men." American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 102, no. 6 (November 11, 2015): 1323–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.115.114538.

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Steinert, Robert E., Natalie D. Luscombe-Marsh, Tanya J. Little, Scott Standfield, Bärbel Otto, Michael Horowitz, and Christine Feinle-Bisset. "Effects of Intraduodenal Infusion of L-Tryptophan on ad Libitum Eating, Antropyloroduodenal Motility, Glycemia, Insulinemia, and Gut Peptide Secretion in Healthy Men." Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 99, no. 9 (September 1, 2014): 3275–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2014-1943.

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McVeay, Christina, Robert E. Steinert, Penelope C. E. Fitzgerald, Sina S. Ullrich, Michael Horowitz, and Christine Feinle-Bisset. "Effects of intraduodenal coadministration of lauric acid and leucine on gut motility, plasma cholecystokinin, and energy intake in healthy men." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 318, no. 4 (April 1, 2020): R790—R798. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00352.2019.

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Abstract:

The fatty acid, lauric acid (C12), and the amino acid, leucine (Leu) stimulate gut hormones, including CCK, associated with suppression of energy intake. In our recent study, intraduodenal infusion of a combination of C12 and l-tryptophan, at loads that individually did not affect energy intake, reduced energy intake substantially, associated with much greater stimulation of CCK. We have now investigated whether combined administration of C12 and Leu would enhance the intake-suppressant effects of each nutrient, when given at loads that each suppress energy intake individually. Sixteen healthy, lean males (age: 23 ± 2 yr) received, in randomized, double-blind fashion, 90-min intraduodenal infusions of control (saline), C12 (0.4 kcal/min), Leu (0.45 kcal/min), or C12+Leu (0.85 kcal/min). Antropyloroduodenal pressures were measured continuously and plasma CCK at 15-min intervals, and energy intake from a standardized buffet-meal, consumed immediately postinfusion, was quantified. All nutrient infusions stimulated plasma CCK compared with control ( P < 0.05). Moreover, C12 and C12+Leu stimulated CCK compared with Leu ( P < 0.05) (mean concentration, pmol/L; control: 2.3 ± 0.3, C12: 3.8 ± 0.3, Leu: 2.7 ± 0.3, and C12+Leu: 4.0 ± 0.4). C12+Leu, but not C12 or Leu, stimulated pyloric pressures ( P < 0.05). C12+Leu and C12 reduced energy intake ( P < 0.05), and there was a trend for Leu to reduce ( P = 0.06) energy intake compared with control, with no differences between the three nutrient treatments (kcal; control: 1398 ± 84, C12: 1226 ± 80, Leu: 1260 ± 92, and C12+Leu: 1208 ± 83). In conclusion, combination of C12 and Leu, at the loads given, did not reduce energy intake beyond their individual effects, possibly because maximal effects had been evoked.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Antropyloroduodenal motility'

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