Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Antiprolifératives'
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Logeart, Delphine. "Propriétés antiprolifératives de polysaccharides solubles sur les cellules musculaires lisses d'aorte de rat." Paris 13, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA132001.
Full textBittoun, Patrick. "Activités antiprolifératives des dérivés Cmdb du dextrane : interactions avec la topoisomerase II et des facteurs de croissance." Paris 13, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA132038.
Full textLagarde, Aurélie. "Études phytochimiques du lichen Nephroma laevigatum et de ses champignons endolichéniques. Évaluation des activités antiprolifératives et anti-biofilms." Thesis, Limoges, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIMO0099/document.
Full textAntibiotics resistance or increase of difficulty to treat for current diseases with commercially available compounds has obligated researchers to find new sources of active molecules. Lichens produce various biologically active compounds due to the great diversity of their ecosystem. Thus, they represent a promising source of bioactive compounds. Chemical profiling of Nephroma laevigatum was performed. LC-MS/MS analysis with molecular network approach allowed understanding chemical diversity of this lichen and four different compounds were isolated and identified by NMR and tested for their antiproliferative activity. However, lichen resources are limited, which limits their use. In addition, lichen thalli are an ecological niche for other microorganisms and a wide reservoir for access to bioactive molecules. Cultivation of endolichenic fungi was undertaken. Thus, 46 strains were isolated and identified by DNA barcoding (primers ITS4 and ITS5). The isolated fungi belong to genus Nemania, Daldinia, Peziza and Coniochaeta. Biological investigation was carried out on six selected strains belonging to two species (Nemania aenea var. aureolatum and N. serpens). So, two strains distinguished by their antiproliferative and anti-biofilm activities. Further chemical and biological studies of these strains (Gir_20 N. aenea var. aureolatum and Cor_08 N. serpens) were subsequently performed and eight different compounds were isolated and identified by 1D and 2D NMR. Study of effect of the extracts on the human cancer lines HT-29, HCT116, PC-3 and DU145 made it possible to highlight morphological changes at the cellular level. Analyses of the expression of pro- and anti-apoptotic protein markers as well as DNA fragmentation demonstrate the induction of apoptosis. LC-MS/MS chemical profiling of these strains was performed and compared with molecular network approach, to visualize chemical diversity between the two species of endolichenic fungi
Dejos, Camille. "Caractérisation des propriétés antiprolifératives d'une substance naturelle et rôle de la signalisation calcique dans la différenciation des photorécepteurs." Thesis, Poitiers, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014POIT2286/document.
Full text1/ Evaluation of canthin-6-one anti-proliferative properties Canthin-6-one is an alkaloid molecule produced by tropical plants used in traditional medicine for its antipyretic and antiparasitic properties. Evidence-based medicine requires better knowledge of canthin-6-one's anti-proliferative effects and mode of action. In the presence of canthin-6-one, we demonstrated a complete growth inhibition of human cancer cells due to the accumulation of cells in the G2/M phases of the cell cycle. Cell cycle pathways being evolutionarily conserved in eukaryotes, we used the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model system to further analyze the mode of action of canthin-6-one. A yeast genomic library was screened for suppressors of canthin-6-one toxicity and two resistance genes were identified. One encodes a transporter, probably involved in canthin-6-one efflux. The other one encodes an enzyme involved in DNA quality control.2/ Role of calcium signaling in photoreceptor differentiationThe design of new treatments for retinal degenerations should benefit from better knowledge of photoreceptor differentiation. During retinal differentiation in chicken embryos there is a long time lag between commitment to the photoreceptor fate and transcriptional activation of rhodopsin gene, suggesting committed precursors are in a standby state waiting for a signal to activate opsin gene expression. We demonstrate by a pharmacological approach in vitro that rhodopsin gene activation depends on a signaling pathway involving hyperpolarisation-activated channels (HCN), T- or R-type calcium channels and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase. The expression profile of HCN1 in the embryonic retina suggests it may be a limiting factor for rhodopsin gene activation
Garcia, Ludivine. "Elaboration, caractérisations physico-chimiques, études antiprolifératives, de vectorisation et de pénétration cellulaire de nouveaux glycoligands et glycocomplexes de cuivre(ii)." Paris 11, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA112103.
Full textGlycoligands are ligands centered on a sugar platform and functionnalized by Lewis bases. They are constrained and rigid chelating molecules implying the conformational properties of the sugar into the coordination sphere. During this PhD, several series of glycoligands centered on furanoses were synthesized with a systematic modification of the configuration of the carbon C3 and of the chelating claws. Glycoligands and their complexation properties were analysed by different physico-chemical techniques such as the UV-visible, EPR, IR, fluorescence, circular dichroïsm, RX diffraction spectroscopies and also such as cyclic voltametry, confocal microscopy and microcalorimetry. Studies on cells were also performed to test their potential antiproliferative activity on tumorous cell lines. Tuning of glycoligands with various chelating claws, revealed that they are ligands enough constrained to control the oxidoreduction potential of the couple Cu (II/I), the predetermination of chirality of dimeric Cu (II) glycocomplexes and the metal selectivity. Furthermore, biological tests highlight the possible vectorisation of Cu (II) glycocomplexes by the apo-protein NCS to get an increased activity of a factor two to three. Due to the exceptional fluorescence of one of the glycoligand, its permeability towards membranes of giant unilamellar vesicles and biodistribution could be studied. Its antiproliferative activity was related to its localisation in some organelles but not in the nucleus of U937 cell line
Gerland, Béatrice. "Synthèse de thionucléosides antiviraux et/ou antiprolifératifs." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006GRE10148.
Full textEl, Abbouchi Abdelmoula. "Synthèse et évaluation in vitro de nouveaux dérivés de l’acide éthacrynique comme agents anticancéreux." Thesis, Orléans, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020ORLE3148.
Full textNowadays, cancer is the second leading cause of death in the developed countries after cardiovascular disease. Basing on these statistics, we are interested in the design and synthesis of new molecules as new potent anticancer agents. From a chemical point of view, we carried out the modifications of the carboxylic acid function and the aromatic part of the ethacrynic acid (EA). The different structural modifications were made to design a diverse library of original EA analogs. In the first part of this manuscript, we prepared a new series of EA derivatives, carrying sulfonamide, urea or thiourea moieties via a peptide coupling reaction between the EA and aminosulfonamides, ureoamines or thioureamines, previously synthesized. The second part was reserved for the preparation of other families of EA bearing triazole moiety, using Huisgen cycloaddition reactions. Simultaneously, fluorescent EA derivatives have also been synthesized. In order to increase the reactivity of the Michael acceptor, the last part of this thesis was devoted to the modification of the aromatic ring of EA using new synthesis method. From a pharmacological aspect, all the obtained results showed that most of the synthesized EA derivatives exhibited significant antiproliferative activities with IC₅₀ values ranging from micromolar (µM) to nanomolar (nM) on a panel of cancer cell lines, with excellent selectivities (> 80%)
Bagheri-Yarmand, Rozita. "Activités antiproliférative et antitumorale de dérivés du dextrane sur les cellules tumorales du sein." Paris 13, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA132006.
Full textFarokhi, Fereshteh. "Glycolipides d'éponges et d'un échinoderme : isolement, caractérisation et évaluation des activités antiproliférative et antipaludique." Nantes, 2012. http://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show.action?id=917990fe-f237-4620-9428-dd25a9cdebb9.
Full textGlycolipids (GL) from marine sponges give rise to a growing interest because of their immunomodulating and antitumoral properties, while those of the echinoderms remain little documented. This work describes the isolation and the characterization of two biologically active types of GL: glycosphingolipids (GSL) and ether-linked GL (mono-O-alkyl-diglycosylglycerols). A major GSL of the starfish Narcissia canariensis (Senegal), ophidiacerebroside-C, was isolated and identified. It contained a β-glucopyranoside, a 9-methyl-4,8,10-triunsaturated long-chain aminoalcohol amide-linked to a C22 α-hydroxylated acyl chain. This GSL and its two minor homologous ones displayed a cytotoxic activity over 24 h on various adherent human cancerous cell lines (multiple myeloma, colorectal adenocarcinoma and multiforme glioblastoma) with an IC50 of around 20 μM. The major GSL, Axidjiferoside-A, from the sponge Axinyssa djiferi (Senegal) contained β-galactopyranoside and 2-amino-octadec-6-en-1,3,4-triol linked to an α-hydroxytetracosanoic acyl chain. It seemed of interest, associating an antiplasmodial activity (IC50 = 0. 53 μM against a chloroquine-resistant strain of Plasmodium falciparum) with a low cytotoxicity on five cancer cell lines. The new Myrmekioside-E from Myrmekioderma dendyi (south Pacific) contained a glycerol backbone linked to xylose and N-acetylglucosamine, and an alkyl long-chain with a terminal alcohol group. A GL named Trikentroside, with a glycerol, two xyloses and an unsaturated C24 chain, from the sponge Trikentrion laeve (Senegal) was subjected to a comparative biological evaluation. Both GL inhibit proliferation of two human lung cancer cell lines
Ellouali, Mostafa. "Les fucanes, polysaccharides sulfatés extraits d'algues brunes : activités antiproliférative et antitumorale et mécanisme d'action." Paris 13, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA132001.
Full textPRIGENT, RICHARD SANDRINE. "Effets de polysaccharides antiprolifératifs sur les cellules musculaires lisses vasculaires : mécanismes d'action." Paris 13, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA132007.
Full textGavriluta, Anatolie. "Complexes osmium nitrosyle avec des ligands bioactifs : synthèse, structure, réactivité et activité antiproliférative in vitro." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00903651.
Full textNintchom, Penlap Véronique. "Contribution à l'étude des effets antiprolifératifs de la spermine dans les cultures de cellules leucémiques murines." Rennes 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990REN1B012.
Full textGitenay, Delphine. "Différenciation des effets antioxydants in vivo et antiprolifératifs ex vivo du lycopène et de la tomate." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CLF1MM28.
Full textThe interest for tomato comes from an epidemiological study that pointed out inverse association between tomato and/or tomato processed products ingestion and cardiovascular disease and also prostate cancer risk. The red colour of tomato is given by lycopene, a pigment carotenoid. The latter is a powerful antioxidant molecule thanks to its conjugated double bounds that can quench reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS can be responsible of oxidative damage and can thereby strongly contribute to carcinogenesis processes. Lycopene has also demonstrated properties against cancer. Indeed, lycopene at supra-physiological concentrations inhibit cellular proliferation and apoptosis on different cancer cell lines. As 85% of circulating lycopene is due to tomato ingestion, tomato effects were assimilated to those of lycopene. However intervention studies aiming at comparing tomato and lycopene effects on carcinogenesis processes in prostate cancer patients or rat models of carcinogenesis, revealed stronger beneficial effect of tomato. Tomato contains other phytomicronutrients such as carotenoids, vitamins, polyphénols, oligoelements and fibres that also may have effects. Furthermore lycopene can generate bioactive metabolites and oxidative products. The goal of this thesis was to differentiate tomato and lycopene effects on oxidative stress in vivo and on cell proliferation ex vivo, by using yellow tomato, a tomato cultivar devoid of lycopene. In vivo, in a rat model of mild nutritional oxidative stress, effects of supplementation with red tomato (SRT), yellow tomato (SYT) and lycopene (SL) were assessed on oxidative stress biomarkers. After oxidative stress model validation, SRT and SYT exhibited similar preventive effect on heart tissue lipid peroxidation. SRT and SYT improved some circulating oxidative stress biomarkers such as nitric oxide and total antioxidant capacity of plasma. The SL did not protect against cardiac lipid peroxydation and did not improve oxidative stress biomarkers. Ex vivo, antiproliferative effects of sera coming from the previous animal experiment were studied on a prostate cancer cell line expressing the androgen receptor (PC3AR). For that, the cells were incubated 48 hours with the rats' sera at 10% instead of foetal bovine serum. Our results showed that sera of SRT and SYT induced over-expression of connexin43 (Cx43), a protein that is down regulated in cancer. Up-regulation can restore cell-to-cell communication and thereby can inhibit cellular growth. The effect of serum of SL was not significant although lycopene intracellular concentration was similar after 48 hours of treatment with sera of SRT and SL. However, because of the small concentrations given with 10% of sera, none of the sera exhibited significant antiproliferative effects. An attempt of identifying metabolites generated in animal urines after SRT, SYT and SL was led by using mass spectrometry. Urinary metabolome of animals was similatly modified after SRT and SYT, and independently from a presence of oxidative stress. Tomato supplementation improved some metabolites previously characterised as biomarkers of oxidative stress. The SL had a different impact on urinary metabolome and did not have beneficial effects. In conclusion, tomato containing or not lycopene can have antioxidant and antiproliferative effects. In this study lycopene effects are null against oxidative and less relevant than those of SRT and SYT in Cx43 up-regulation. The hypothesis is that tomato contains other liposoluble or hydrosoluble micronutrients that can act synergistically in order to counteract oxidative stress, and thereby bring greater effects than lycopene alone
Korolyov, Alexander. "Dérivés lipophiles de la ciprofloxacine et de la lévofloxacine : synthèse et évaluation de leurs activités antibactérienne, antimycobactérienne et antiproliférative." Toulouse 3, 2011. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1480/.
Full textCiprofloxacin (CIP) and levofloxacin (LEV) are members of the large family of fluoroquinolone (FQ) antibiotics. Though they have proved to be reliable and effective antibacterial broad-spectrum agents, with several members also approved as second-line drugs for tuberculosis treatment. Nevertheless, the emerging resistance among key bacterial pathogens and M. Tuberculosis hinders their future effectiveness. So there is a constant need for new compounds which could help to overcome these obstacles. In addition, studies have shown that LEV and CIP have antiproliferative and apoptotic activities against several cancer cell lines. The exact mechanism by which FQs exert their tumour growth inhibitory activity and lead to cell death is not fully understood but these molecules could inhibit mammalian topoisomerase II, G-quadruplexes and tubulin polymerization. Moreover, we reported that some 7-(4-substituted)piperazin-1-yl) derivatives of CIP with increased lipophilicity displayed increased antiproliferative activity in vitro, suggesting that grafting long alkyl chain could give rise to antitumor agents. During the course of the thesis, we have designed and synthesized five series of CIP and LEV derivatives. A number of optimization runs were conducted in order to overcome the low reactivity of C-3 carboxylic acid on quinolone core. The influence of various parameters was examined (microwave-assisted synthesis versus thermal conditions, presence or absence of catalyst), which permitted us to increase the yields and decrease the reaction time. Biological evaluation of these five series of FQ analogs was conducted in vitro together with in vivo MTD determination for the most potent ones. The detailed analysis of antimicrobial, antimycobacterial and antiproliferative activities permitted us to deduce general structure-activity relationships concerning the influence of substitution type on quinolone core, the length of the grafted alkyl chain and the ?dimeric? or ?monomeric? structure on the selectivity and potency against these various biological targets
Malley, Serge. "Acide D-aspartique β-hydroxamate (DAH) et molécules apparentées : étude quantitative et fonctionnelle de leur activité antiproliférative et antirétrovirale." Lyon 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LYO1T210.
Full textLe, Tourneau Christophe. "Carcinomes épidermoïdes des voies aéro-digestives supérieures : facteurs pronostiques et étude in vitro de l'activité antiproliférative de la rapamycine." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007STR15428.
Full textWe first performed a retrospective study on 621 consecutive patients with HNSCC surgically treated on a 8 years period, in order to clarify the pronostic factors of survival. PT and pN stages appeared to be independent prognostic factors of survival, not only for the whole cohort, where pN stage seemed to better predict survival than the number of involved nodes, but also in the sub-group of 308 patients who had an adjuvant radiotherapy. In this later sub-group, we demonstrated that delay between surgery and radiotherapy or radiotherapy duration did not influence survival. In order to overcome resistance to classical anticancer agents used in HNSCC, we then studied the antiproliferative activity of rapamycin, an mTOR inhibitor, alone or in combination with carboplatine or paclitaxel in 3 HNSCC cell lines. Our results demonstrated that rapamycin displays antiproliferative effects and induces apoptosis in all cell lines
Corcé, Vincent. "Développement de nouveaux ligands polyaminés du fer pour la vectorisation anticancéreuse : synthèse, caractérisation et évaluation biologique." Nantes, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012NANT2079.
Full textThe aim of this work is the development of new and selective iron (III) chelators bearing polyamine moieties to target the PTS and to induce specifically an iron depletion into tumor cells. These hybrid molecules, named Quilamines, are based on the association of 8-hydroxyquinoline with different polyamine chains. Synthesis and biological studies of different polyamine moieties, analogues of spermidine and spermine, showed that the homospermidine chain was the best choice for an efficient vectorization. Biological analysis highlighted a great PTS selectivity and a promising antiproliferative activity for some Quilamines. Structural modifications of the ligands allowed to modulate the iron complexation properties and to increase the selectivity and efficiency. Finally, for one compound, potentiometric titrations showed a high iron affinity constant and a good selectivity toward other biological metals such as cooper and zinc
Bernard, Didier. "Synthèse de composés acétyléniques difonctionnels et de dérivés alléniques : leur activité comme inhibiteurs enzymatiques et agents antiprolifératifs." Lyon 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LYO10542.
Full textDi, Benedetto Mélanie. "Activités antiproliférative et antiangiogénique des dérivés du dextrane en association avec le phénylacétate de sodium et interactions avec le VEGF." Paris 13, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA132013.
Full textBusson, Muriel. "Etude de l'implication de la protéine antiproliférative BTG1 dans la régulation de la différenciation des myoblastes aviaires par la T3." Montpellier, ENSA, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ENSA0010.
Full textThe BTG1 gene was isolated from a translocation break point in a case of B-cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia. Its product belongs to an antiproliferative family of proteins. Previous work from our laboratory have established that T3 indirectly induces BTG1 expression at cell confluence and stimulates its nuclear localization in avian myoblasts. Furthermore, BTG1 overexpression mimics the positive myogenic influence of T3 by inducing myoblast withdrawal from the cell cycle and stimulating terminal differentiation. In this study, we searched for the molecular mechanisms involved in BTG1 myogenic influence in vitro. We found that BTG1 is a new coactivator of transcription factors that regulates positively myoblast differentiation : T3 nuclear receptor (c ErbA a1), RAR, myogenic factors MyoD, Myogenin, Myf5, and c Jun. After characterization of the domains allowing the interactions between BTG1 and MyoD or c ErbA a1, we established that deletion of these domains severely impairs BTG1 myogenic influence, demonstrating that its myogenic activity and its coactivator function are directly related. As we have previously shown that BTG1 expression is induced at the onset of myoblast differentiation, it appears that this coactivator could exert a key role in myoblasts proliferation/differentiation transition, by inducing stimulation of the expression of targets genes of nuclear receptors and myogenic factors. In the second part of this study, we observed that MyoD interacts physically with c-ErbA a1, thus satisfactorily explaining the functional interactions between these two factors previously described by our team. In addition, we demonstrated the occurrence of a competition between CMD1 and c-ErbA a1 for BTG1 recruitment. Finally, we have characterized the expression pattern of BTG1 in vivo during chicken embryogenesis. We found that BTG1 is precociously expressed in the somites and limb buds, suggesting that BTG1 is involved in muscle formation in vivo
Fortin, Sébastien. "Modélisation moléculaire, synthèse chimique, évaluation de l'activité antiproliférative et détermination du mécanisme d'action de nouveaux dérivés d'arylchloroéthylurées hybrides et de 2- imidazolidones." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27478/27478.pdf.
Full textDembele, Ousmane. "Design, synthèse et étude biologique de dérivés à structure imidazo[4,5-c]-1,6-naphtyridin-2(1H)-one et analogues structuraux à visée antiproliférative." Thesis, Nantes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NANT4004.
Full textProtein kinase is a promising target for the treatment of many cancer pathologies. Enzymes effecting phosphorylation of proteins by transferring a phosphate group of ATP to a substrate protein. The latter then makes a conformational change that gives it new functions. If their action is performed on a phenolic amino acid, it will be called tyrosine kinase (TK) but if it is performed on a non-aromatic alcoholic amino acid, it will be called serine / threonine kinase (STK). The inhibition of its activity represents an important stake in the discovery of new anticancer molecules, thanks in particular to the knowledge of their structural organization. The original idea was to build on a marine-based structure to develop a drug discovery work. It was chosen from the structure of the grossularines A and B extracted from a marine tunicate (Dendrodoa grossularia) as a model since we had anteriority in the work on this type of structure. This made it possible to envisage the development of analogues and / or derivatives of these grossularins, with, in series pyridazinoindole, the identification of hits on PI3K or DYRK1A. Our work focuses on the synthesis of new original imidazo-naphthyridinone series molecules and structural analogues potentially inhibitory to kinases. The synthesized compounds were evaluated in parallel by the Roscoff Biological Station on a panel of kinases (HASPIN, CLK1, DYRK1A, CDK5, CDK9, and GSK3α/β and CK1)
Lakhdar, Fatima. "Contribution à l'étude des potentialités antiproliférative et antibactérienne des algues brunes et rouges de la côte d'El Jadida pour une valorisation médicale et environnementale." Thesis, Nantes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NANT4037/document.
Full textEither in pharmacology or in phytopathology. The first f 6 species of pharmacological potentialities o part is devoted to the study of the nutritional and coast. This can be used The purpose of this work focuses on the research and characterization of bioactive compounds from algae of the Moroccan seaweed, among 24 , the richest in lipids. The search for active fractions usi ng different purification methods and bioguide tests, showed a significant anticancer activity against human lung cancer cells (NSCLC - N6 and A549) with an IC 50 <13 g/ mL. These monogalactosyl diacylglycerol containing fractions are further elucidated structurally (NMR and high mass resolution ). The second part is dedicated to the valorisation of seaweed in phytopathology. The study of the antibacterial activity made it possible to determine in vitro and in vivo the bio - pesticidal effect of extracts of red and brown algae harvested against the soft rot of the potato caused by Dickeya dadantii . Their direct use on potato plants infected with Dickeya dadantii as a biostimulant shows clear elimination of sympto ms of soft rot and improved growth in treated plants. The latter seem to intervene by accelerating and intensifying the enrichment of plants in enzymes involved in the signaling cascade in order to stimulate the defense mechanisms. Elicitation by algae ext racts seems to intervene by strengthening the defense mechanisms of potato plants against Dickeya dadantii
Nowacki, Laetitia. "Étude des effets antiprolifératifs de la bétanine extraite de betterave sur cellules cancéreuses humaines et de son mode d'action au niveau des membranes cellulaires." Thesis, Compiègne, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014COMP2024.
Full textDuring this thesis we studied the anticancer properties of the major beetroot’s pigment: betanin. Our work is based on a multidisciplinary approach.First we developed a protocol for the extraction and the purification of betanin from fresh beetroots. Several purification steps ended by separation in semi-preparative HPLC are required to obtain a betanin at 90 % pure, which is the highest purity ever recorded. Then we assessed the cytotoxic effect of our extract on cancer cells and its safety on non-cancer cells. By identifying the signaling pathways that might be involved in these effects, we were thus able to suggest ways concerning the mode of action of betanin on cells, but also propose, for the first time, the idea of an involvement of autophagy in cell death induced by betanin. Finally, we have shown by interfacial biophysical techniques applied on cell and biomimetic membranes that, regarless to its deep insertion in the hydrophobic core of the lipid bilayer, betanin did not affect the physical properties of the membrane such as its fluidity or its permability.This scoping study confirms the interest to bring to betanin which, given its high bioavailability, has many potential therapeutic applications
Hadj, Salem Jamila. "Extraction, identification, caractérisation des activités biologiques de flavonoïdes de Nitraria retusa et synthèse de dérivés acylés de ces molécules par voie enzymatique." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPL057N/document.
Full textThe present work firstly consisted in studying the extraction and the identification of major flavonoids contained in Nitraria retusa leaves and evaluating their biological activities. Four flavonoids were identified in extracts and fractions: isorhamnetin, isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside and the two isomers isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside and isorhamnetin-3-O-robinobioside. The evaluation of the biological activities of extracts and fractions of N. retusa allowed to establish a linear relationship between their antioxidant and antiproliferative activities and their total flavonoids content, the most enriched exhibiting the highest activities. The nature of the flavonoids present in the extracts and fractions was shown to be important too. Thus, the strong xanthine oxidase inhibition activity and the high DPPH radical scavenging capacity observed for the chloroform fraction can be attributed to its high content in the aglycone flavonoid isorhamnetin, a structural analogue of quercetin which is well known for its antioxidant activities. In a second part, the enzymatic acylation of isoquercitrin as a model compound and isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside was studied in order to improve their properties. The enzymatic acylation of isoquercitrin by fatty acid ethyl esters of different chain lengths, catalyzed by the lipase B of Candida antarctica, showed that the performance of the reaction is inversely proportional to the acyl donor chain length. Similar results were obtained when acylating the isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside. The activities of isoquercitrin and isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside esters were determined and compared to that of initial flavonoids. Esters exhibited higher antiproliferative towards Caco2 cells and xanthine oxidase inhibition activities than original compounds. Finally, this work led to a better understanding of the structure-activity relationship of flavonoids and their acylated derivatives
Bosseboeuf, Adrien. "Etude de l’auto-renouvèlement et de la différenciation des spermatogonies chez la petite roussette (Scyliorhinus canicula L. ) et recherche du mode d’action de 5 peptides antiprolifératifs." Caen, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013CAEN2097.
Full textDue to its phylogenetic position at the base of the phylogenetic tree of Vertebrates, the dogfish is an emergent model to study fundamental biological process such as spermatogenesis and to identify bioactive peptides. During this work, we have shown that GFRα1and POU2/POU5F1 are conserved markers of undifferentiated spermatogonia from Chondrychtyes to Mammals whereas PLZF and c-KIT presented a less specific expression pattern and that HMGB2, HMGB3 and MCM6 may be new markers. Then, the development of a culture system of dogfish spermatogonia allowed us to show that GDNF function on self-renewal maintenance was also conserved. However, sequences study showed that the ARTN may replace the GDNF to induce self-renewal through GFRα1 in the dogfish. In parallel, the study of the action mode of three peptides isolated from dogfish testis and of two from the epigonal tissue showed antineoplastic effects by affecting various cellular processes. Thus, even if two peptides were further characterized, the three others seem to directly affect the cytoskeleton, which was followed by various cellular perturbations depending on the cell line and the peptide, such as cell-cycle slowing down, autophagy inhibition, necrosis or membrane destabilization. Complementary studies must be done to confirm the first target and identify which cytoskeleton element is involved. Those results suggest finally that the dogfish is a suitable model to study spermatogenesis evolution as well as to search bioactive peptides
Bayala, Bagora. "Etude des propriétés anti-oxydantes, anti-inflammatoires, anti-prolifératives et anti-migratoires des huiles essentielles de quelques plantes médicinales du Burkina Faso sur des lignées cellulaires du cancer de la prostate et de glioblastomes." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CLF22502/document.
Full textEssential oils are natural complex of volatile and odorous molecules, synthesized by aromatic plants. They have anti-infective, antioxidant, anticancer properties... The present work concerned the chemical composition, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer propertiesof essential oils of Cymbopogon giganteus Chiov., Cymbopogon citratus [DC] Stapf, Ocimum basilicum Linnæus, Ocimum americanum Linnæus, Hyptis spicigera Lamarck, Lippia multiflora Moldenk, Ageratum conyzoides Linnæus, Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnhardt and Zingiber officinale Roscoe of Burkina Faso. The essential oils were extracted by hydrodistillation using a Clevenger-type apparatus adapted and analyzed by GC/MS and GC/FID. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH and ABTS methods, and anti-inflammatory activity by inhibition of lipoxygenase. The antiproliferative activity was performed by the MTT assay on LNCaP and PC-3 cell lines of prostate cancer and SF-767 and SF-763 cell lines of glioblastoma. The action of essential oils on the resistance to anoikis through by soft agar method, their effect on cell migration by Scratch test and their action on the cell cycle by protein analysis by Western Blot. The major constituents are mainly: α-terpineol (59.78%) for O. basilicum ; 1, 8-cineol (31.22%) for O. americanum ; β-caryophyllene (21%) and α-pinene (20.11%) for H. spicigera ; p-cymene (25.27%) for L. multiflora ; precocene (82.10%) for A. conyzoides ; eucalyptol (59,55%) for E. camaldulensis ; arcurcumene (16.67%) and camphene (12.70%) for Z. officinale ; geranial or citral A (48.18%) and neral or citral B (34.37%) for C. citratus ; limonene (19.33%) and mentha-1 (7) ,8-dien-2-ol cis (17.34%) for C. giganteus. All oils were presented antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. C. citratus has presented the best ability to scavenge DPPH . radicals (% I = 67.58%) and L. multiflora strongest ability to reduce ABTS+ radicals (1.02 μmolET / g). Z. officinale has submitted the best lipoxygenase inhibition (100% inhibition at 8mg/ml and 50.9% at 0.4 mg / ml). Only essential oils of C. giganteus, C. citratus, O. basilicum, Z. officinale, L. multiflora and A. conyzoides showed antiproliferative properties. C. citratus has submitted the best antiproliferative activity on both cell lines LNCaP (IC 50 = 6.36 μg/ml) and PC-3 (IC 50 = 32.1μg/ml) of prostate cancer than those SF-767 (IC 50 = 45.13μg/ml) and SF-763 (IC 50 = 172.05μg/ml) of glioblastoma. Statistically, citral activity on LNCaP prostate cancer is equal to that of C. citratus and corespond third of that presented by cisplatin, a reference used in cancer chemotherapy. C. citratus and citral induce anoikis and prevent cell migration as cisplatin. C. citratus and citral also lead repression of Rb, activation of p21 and P27 of cycle. The results of this work show that essential oils of some aromatic medicinal plants from Burkina Faso have anti-tumor potential on LNCaP and PC-3 cell lines of prostate cancer, and the SF-767 and SF-763 glioblastoma cell lines
Mimeault, Murielle. "Évaluation des synergies d'actions antiproliférative et cytotoxique d'inhibiteurs de la voie de transduction de l'EGF et d'activateurs de la production de céramide sur différentes lignées cellulaires de cancers métastatiques de la prostate." Lille 1, 2003. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2003/50376-2003-113.pdf.
Full textD'intérêt thérapeutique, les résultats ont également permis de constater que la combinaison d'un inhibiteur spécifique de l'activité tyrosine kinase de l'EGFR, le ZD1839"Iressa" avec le nitroprussiate de sodium qui agit en augmentant le niveau cellulaire d'oxyde nitrique est très efficace pour inhiber la prolifération et induire la mort des cellules LNCaP, DU145 et PC3 stimulées par EGF et le sérum. En fait, ces agents apparaissent agir en synergie en augmentant le niveau cellulaire de céramide et la production intracellulaire d'anions superoxydes et de peroxyde d'hydrogène et ceci conduit à une mort massive des cellules cancéreuses de la prostate par apoptose et nécrose. Les travaux permettent d'entrevoir la possibilité d'utiliser des inhibiteurs de l'activité tyrosine kinase de l'EGFR avec différents agents cytotoxiques induisant la production cellulaire de céramide pour le développement de nouveaux traitements contre les cancers métastatiques de la prostate
Hadj, Mohamed Ameni. "Développement de nouvelles molécules de type di et triarylméthanes à visée antibactérienne et anticancéreuse : synthèse, caractérisation et études biologiques." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2020. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=http://theses-intra.upmc.fr/modules/resources/download/theses/2020SORUS107.pdf.
Full textDi and triarylmethane molecules are described in the literature as privileged structures in medicinal chemistry. This thesis project concerns the development of new di and triarylmethane compounds for therapeutic purposes using tools used in medicinal chemistry. Two series, olefinic and alkyloxide diarylmethanes have been synthesized. Three series of triarylmethanes have been developed: triazole TAMs, macrocyclic TAMs and hybrid TAMs. Antibacterial and anticancer activity as well as cytotoxicity were studied in vitro for the synthesized compounds. Prediction of the ADME profile of the best molecules was also performed. From these studies, we demonstrated the interesting antiproliferative potential of some compounds on colorectal cancer cells and the absence of cytotoxicity of these compounds on normal cells
Neri, Christian. "Contribution à l'étude des effets antitumoraux directs des analogues de la GnRH sur le tissu mammaire : caractérisation des effets antiprolifératifs directs du D-Trp#6GnRH in vitro et in vivo, recherche d'anticorps contre le récepteur de la GnRH." Aix-Marseille 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990AIX22023.
Full textRioux, Benjamin. "Synthèse et vectorisation de biomolécules type Chalcone en vue d'une application anticancéreuse." Thesis, Limoges, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIMO0104/document.
Full textSynthesis and vectorization of anticancer agents are major research themes of LCSN. Many natural compoundspossess anti-cancer properties, but they are dropped because of their lack of selectivity to cancer cells or theirlow bioavailability. Thus, great interest is currently focused on the development of drugs specifically vectorizedto cancer cells. The vectors used in this work are polyamine derivatives and nano-objects type β-cyclodextrin /cellulose nanocrystals (β-CD/CNCx). Polyamines allow active targeting of cancer cells through the polyaminetransport system (PTS) overexpressed in these cells. Nano-objects specifically target tumors using a passivetargeting due to the EPR effect. Drugs used in this study are flavonoids, especially chalcones. Indeed,flavonoids, which constitute a large family of natural phenolic compounds, are known for their numerousbiological effects such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative activities. The interest of LCSNfor both chalcones and anticancer agents led us to design new vectorized anti-proliferative compounds. Firstly,this work shows the synthesis of chalcones and their derivatives coupled to various above-described vectors(polyamines units, β-CD/CNCx); a work on the synthesis of a bis-chalcone through the Suzuki coupling reactionis also exposed. All molecules obtained are characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and HRMS analysis. In thesecond part of this work, we present all biological evaluations of compounds previously obtained. Theseassessments are performed through a cell viability test (MTT test) on four cancer cell lines: two colorectal (HT-29 and HCT-116) and two prostate (PC-3 and DU-145) cell lines
Dupommier, Dorian. "Étude de la fonctionnalisation de 5-benzylidènethiazolidine-2,4-diones et application à la synthèse de nouveaux composés à visée anticancéreuse." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LORR0133.
Full textThis PhD work is about the 5-benzylidenethiazolidine-2,4-dione, a very described scaffold thanks to its large array of biological activities. Our team has been interested for several years in the synthesis of new antiproliferative compounds, in which this moiety is a key-stone. To increase the selectivity of these compounds against cancer cells, we began a new pharmacomodulation work, starting from our lead compound, named AB 186. This study aimed to design new functionnalizations of the vinylic position in the 5-benzylidenethiazolidine-2,4-dione. To this end, several strategies were developed, according to the functionalization target and implying the synthesis of several substrates, bearing an array of different functional groups. These last were selected according to their reactivity in the different modulation reactions envisioned, such as Suzuki and Stille Pd-catalyzed cross coupling, Wittig olefinations, etc. Because of their high functionalizations, a study of the so-obtained compounds, 5-benzylidènethiazolidine-2,4-dione analogs, was shown to be very complex. It needed a methodologic approach to allow the reaction conditions optimization, whereas quantum chemistry calculations eased the structural determination of the obtained compounds. In a second time, we focused on the synthesis of the desulfured analog of AB 186, and on the development of a chiral synthesis for both the sulfured and desulfured compounds. This was done by setting an enzymatic deracemization sequence. Finally, the antiproliferative activity, the cell cycle and the mitochondrial respiration were measured in the presence of these compounds. It allowed us to bring to light the pro-apoptotic and inhibitor of the mitochondrial respiration effects of our new lead compound
Chassagne, François. "Cancer du foie au Cambodge : état des lieux épidémiologiques, description des médecines traditionnelles utilisées et évaluation d'espèces médicinales sélectionnées." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30155/document.
Full textLiver cancer is the 6th most common and 2nd most lethal cancer in the world. In Cambodia, due to the historical and economic context, there is a lack of accurate data on this pathology. Using epidemiological tools, we described the characteristics of 553 patients with liver cancer at the Calmette Hospital in Phnom Penh, and thus highlighted the importance of infection with hepatitis B and C viruses in the subjects studied. Then we documented the knowledge of 42 of these patients about their disease. We have detailed their therapeutic itineraries, highlighted risky practices (high use of therapeutic injections and dermabrasion techniques) and the use of traditional medicines. We then attempted to understand strategies for the management of patients with liver diseases by traditional healers, and highlighted the variety of remedies used and the importance of Khmer perception of plant properties. Finally, using an in vitro model of liver cancer cell culture coupled with metabolic analysis tools, we evaluated 10 medicinal species, selected on the basis of bibliographic and field criteria, and attempted to identify the compounds potentially responsible for the antiproliferative activity observed
Cohen, Potier de Courcy Anita. "Synthèse et évaluation antiparasitaire de nouveaux dérivés du thiazole et apparentés." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM5503.
Full textThe objective of this work consists of the synthesis and the antiparasitic in vitro evaluation of new thiazole derivatives and related structures. Several synthetic strategies aiming at the pharmacomodulation on mono- and polycyclic series have been studied: in 2-methyl-5-nitrothiazole series, the anti-Trichomonas pharmacomodulation on position 4 by SRN1 strategy did not improve the activity previously demonstrated in 2-methyl-5-nitroimidazole series, but led to derivatives displaying a selective in vitro antiproliferative activity toward the HepG2 cell line. In 4-arylsulfonylmethyl-2-methylthiazole series, the pharmacomodulation on position 5, by Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction on the one hand, and by direct arylation and intramolecular Knoevenagel reaction on the other hand, led to mono- and polycyclic derivatives among which some displayed an encouraging in vitro antiplasmodial activity. In 5H-thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-5-one series, a double Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction revealed that the phenyl group on position 6 contributes to the antiplasmodial effect of this series. Finally, the in vitro biological evaluation of the thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-one scaffold let to characterize the pharmacophore responsible for the significant antiplasmodial activity. Some preliminary encouraging results regarding a mechanistic antiplasmodial study show the specific inhibition of plasmodial kinases, as a potential mechanism of action of some of these compounds
Görmen, Meral. "Synthèse de composés organométalliques de la série du ferrocénophane et évaluation de leurs activités antiprolifératives sur les cellules du cancer du sein et de la prostate." Phd thesis, 2010. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00600598.
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