Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Antifungal activiy'
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Pham, Giang Nam. "Développement de nouveaux antibiotiques dirigés contre des bactéries multirésistantes à partir de microorganismes marins inexploités." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024COAZ5028.
The enormous biological and chemical diversity in the marine environment is making it a valuable resource for the discovery of new antibiotics, in response to the emergence of antibiotic crisis worldwide. However, the rate of discovery of new marine-derived drugs seems insufficient compared to its potential. In an effort to contribute to the search for hit compounds for the development of new antibiotics, we investigated the secondảy metabolites and biological activity of four fungi strains: Fusarium equiseti, Anthracocystis flocculosa, Scedosporium dehoogii, and Amesia nigricolor.Regarding chemical components, 45 compounds were isolated, mainly belonging to chromones, alkaloids, cyclic polyketides, glycolipids, sesquiterpenes, and naphthalenes classes. 18 compounds (accounting for 40%) were identified as new compounds. The structures of these compounds were elucidated using a combination of HRMS, NMR, X-ray diffraction, modified Mosher's method, and quantum chemical calculations (ECD, ML-J-DP4, and DP4+ probability analysis). Among them, dehoogiiketones A-B (C3.1-2) isolated from the fungus S. dehoogii possessed rearranged bergamotene skeletons, described for the first time in nature.Regarding biological activity, six fusarochromanone derivatives (C2.1-6) isolated from F. equiseti (two of which are new: C2.2, C2.6) showed cytotoxicity ranging from strong to moderate on three tested cell lines (RPE1, HCT-116, U2OS). Only two of these compounds exhibited inhibition activity against three (ABL1, JAK3, EphB1) out of sixteen tested protein kinases. Only three flocculosins A-C (C3.1-3) out of eight derivatives isolated from A. flocculosa showed antibacterial activity against S. aureus S25. These findings revealed the structure-activity relationship of fusarochromanone and flocculosin derivatives.Equisetin (C2.8) isolated from F. equiseti exhibited strong antibacterial activity against S. aureus S25 but showed no cytotoxicity on three tested cell lines (RPE1, HCT-116, U2OS). Chaetochromins A and B (C5.7-8) exhibited strong antibacterial activity but showed cell toxicity ranging from weak to moderate on tested cell line (THP-1) and primary cells (RBC, PBMC) isolated from the blood of healthy donors, indicating a possible therapeutic window. These three compounds are worthy of further research stages in antibiotic development
Magnusson, Jesper. "Antifungal activity of lactic acid bacteria /." Uppsala : Dept. of Microbiology, Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences, 2003. http://epsilon.slu.se/a397.pdf.
Musso, L. "Analogues of natural products with antifungal activity." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/49159.
Hansen, Bruce Richard. "Antifungal activity of some New Zealand fungal isolates." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Plant and Microbial Sciences, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/6849.
Fewell, Alison. "Interactive antifungal activity between co-occurring Solanum glycoalkaloids." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.359158.
de, Beer Irving. "Screening of plant-mediated nanoparticles for antifungal activity." University of the Western Cape, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7955.
Nanotechnology is spreading rapidly across the world as an extremely powerful technology. Nanoscience and nanotechnology are innovative scientific advancements that have been introduced only in this century. Nanotechnology has developed as the scientific advancement to grow and transform the entire agri-food area, with the potential to elevate global food production, in addition to the nutritional value, quality, and safety of food and food products. It has gained recognition due to its variability in shape, size, and dimension and how it correlates to its possibilities. One of those functions is nanoparticles’ (NPs) ability to have antimicrobial activity, more specifically its antifungal activity. One particular pathway of synthesising NPs is through phytonanotechnology which is the use of biomaterial to synthesis the NPs.
2024
Palamar, A. O. "Antimicrobial and antifungal activity of certain imidazole compounds." Thesis, БДМУ, 2021. http://dspace.bsmu.edu.ua:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/18908.
Le, Lay Céline. "Recherche de microorganismes antifongiques pour la réduction des risques de contaminations fongiques dans les produits de BVP et étude des molécules actives." Thesis, Brest, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BRES0092/document.
Molds are responsible for the spoilage of bakery products and thus, cause substantial economic losses. In this context, bioprotective cultures represent a growing interest as an alternative to chemical preservatives. The aims of the first part of this study was to evaluate the in vitro and in situ antifungal activity of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and propionibacteria against five moulds species isolated from bakery products. The most inhibitorybacteria found during the in vitro test were evaluated in situ after surface spraying. In WFH medium, the most active LAB isolates belonged to the Lactobacillus plantarum, reuteri and buchneri groups. The most active strains were added directly during “pains au lait” preparation and differents strains present delayed effect in particular a strain of Leuconostoc citreum which seems to delay the growth of Penicillium corylophilum after 10 days. In the second part, supernatants were analyzed to identified and quantified antifungal compounds by different treatments and different methods like HPLC, mass spectrometry. The results suggested that organic acids played the most important role in the antifungal activity and show that the main antifungal compounds corresponded to lactic, acetic and propionic acids, ethanol and hydrogen peroxide, as well as other compounds present at low levels. Based on these results, various combinations of the identified compounds were used to evaluate their effect on spore germination and fungal growth of P. corylophilum and E. repens. Some combinations presented the same activity than the bacterial culture supernatant thus confirming the involvement of the molecules in the antifungal activity. The results suggested that acetic acid was responsible of the entire antifungal activity against Penicillium corylophilum and played an important role in Eurotium repens inhibition. The selected bacteria provide a future prospect for use as bioprotective cultures on bakery products
Marija, Mojićević. "Antifungalni potencijal streptomiceta izolovanih iz rizosfera medicinski značajnih biljaka: karakterizacija i optimizacija biosinteze staurosporina, produkta metabolizma Streptomyces sp. BV410." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Tehnološki fakultet Novi Sad, 2019. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=111226&source=NDLTD&language=en.
Different soils are still a source of remarkable microbial diversitywhich also reflects in the unexplored chemical diversity. Recentadvances in assessment of microbial diversity from soil haverevealed the extraordinarily rich biosynthetic potential for theproduction of new natural products among different microbialstrains, especially within the group of Actinobacteria. Amongbacterial soil isolates, representatives of Streptomyces genus arethe most prolific producers of bioactive compounds. One of theobjectives of the present study was to isolate Streptomyces spp.from the rhizosphere soils of three ethno-medicinal plantscollected in Serbia (Papaver rhoeas, Matricaria chamomilla, andUrtica dioica) and to screen their antifungal activity againstCandida spp. Morphologically different sporulating isolates (103in total) were collected from rhizosphere soil samples anddetermined as Streptomyces spp. Two different media and twoextraction procedures were used to induce the production andfacilitate identification of antifungals. Overall, 412 crude cellextracts were tested against Candida albicans using diskdiffusion assays, with 42% (43/103) of the strains showing theability to produce antifungal agents. Also, extracts inhibitedgrowth of other important human pathogens: Candida krusei,Candida parapsilosis, and Candida glabrata. Based on theestablished degree and range of antifungal activity, nine isolateswere selected for further testing. Their ability to inhibit Candidagrowth in liquid culture, to inhibit biofilm formation, and todisperse pre-formed biofilms was assessed with activeconcentrations from 8 to 250 pg/ml. High-performance liquidchromatographic profiles of extracts derived from selectedstrains were recorded, revealing moderate metabolic diversity.The most potent extracts were subjected to comprehensiveidentification and structural characterization of antifungalcompounds. Applying a bioactivity-guided isolation approach,active compounds of three extracts were separated, and basedon NMR structure elucidation it was shown that activecompounds were genistein, daidzein and staurosporine.Genistein and daidzein, soy phytoestrogens, are known to inhibitkey enzymes in the steroid metabolism pathway and werecoming from the fermentation medium containing soy flower.Since isolated Streptomyces spp. showed good ability to extractthese molecules from complex medium, they can be furtherconsidered for biotechnological production of thesephytoestrogens. One of the isolates, Streptomyces sp. BV410,was characterized as an efficient staurosporine producer.Staurosporine is a potent inhibitor of protein kinases and isconsidered in anticancer therapy. The biotechnologicalproduction of staurosporine by strain BV410 was optimized toyield 36.94 mg/l after 14 days of incubation in soy flowerglucose-starch-mannitol based fermentation medium (JS).Further optimization of medium for biosynthesis ofstaurosporine indicated the following optimal values of theexamined factors: the content of glucose of 20 g/l, starch 0.36g/l, mannitol 21.46 g/l, soy flower 17.32 g/l. By applying thedefined optimal values and using the appropriate mathematicalmodels, the following responses were predicted: concentrationof staurosporine 46.88 mg/l and biomass yield 12.05 mg/ml. Thevalidity of the results was confirmed by performing thebiosynthesis of the staurosporine in the medium with optimalcomposition (JSSta). Kinetics of staurosporine and biomassproduction and carbon source consumption were examined andprocess models were developed. Additionally, optimization ofstaurosporine production was performed with differentsupplements which, according to literature data, had stimulativeeffect on secondary metabolism (Zn, Fe and P salts, methyloleate, grape seed oil). In order to improve the production ofstaurosporine, effects of pH (6.5, 7.5 and 8.5) and incubation time(7, 10 and 14 days) were also examined. It was found thataddition of FeS04 significantly improved the staurosporine yieldin comparison to the starting conditions (increase of 25%). Ourresults proved that rhizosphere soils of ethno-medicinal plantsare a prolific source of streptomycetes, producers of compoundswith good antifungal activity. Isolation of the new staurosporineproducing strain, allowed for its detailed bioactivity assessment.Staurosporine scaffold might serve as a lead structure for thedevelopment of new antifungal and antiangiogenic agents. Also,results obtained within this research represent the basis for thefurther scale-up and potential industrialization of the proposedproduction process.
Ta, Chieu Anh Kim. "Bacterial Biofilm Inhibition and Antifungal Activity of Neotropical Plants." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32419.
Sunčica, Kocić-Tanackov. "Uticaj ekstrakata žačina na rast plesni i biosintezu mikotoksina." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Tehnološki fakultet Novi Sad, 2012. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=82710&source=NDLTD&language=en.
The aim of this PhD thesis was to study the individual and synergistic effects of extracts ofcaraway (Carum carvi L.), basil (Ocimum basilicum L.), oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) and theessential oils of onion (Allium cepa L. cultivar Kupusinski jabučar) and garlic (Allium sativumL. cultivar Bosut) on the growth of moulds isolated from food products. The study alsofocused on the impact of extracts and the essential oils on mycotoxins biosynthesis.The total number of moulds detected in samples of vegetable salads “ready for use” rangedfrom 10.0 to 5.5´102 cfu/g. In cake and pastries, as well as, meat samples, the numberreached 6.1´102 cfu/g and 60.0 cfu/g, respectively. The highest number of mould colonies wasisolated in DG18 medium (1.53 ´ 102cfu/g) and the lowest in MY50G medium (42.0 cfu/g). Thespecies of the genera Penicillium (39.07%), Cladosporium (23.40%) and Aspergillus (20.42%)prevailed in the entire mycopopulation of all tested samples. Species of the genera Alternaria,Fusarium and Eurotium were represented with 5.85%, 4.97% and 2.76%, respectively, while C.cladosporioides (21.63%), A. niger (16.0%) and P. aurantiogriseum (11.81%) were the mostdominant species in the entire mycopopulation.Potential producers of ochratoxin A (31.89%) accounted for the largest share of the isolatedmycopopulation. The share of producers of fumonisin, moniliformin and sterigmatocystinamounted to 4.74%, 1.43% and 1.54%, respectively. Sterigmatocystin was biosynthesised inthe concentration of 56.3 ng/mL and 109.2 ng/mL by both isolates of A. versicolor, while otherpotential toxin producers did not show the ability of mycotoxin production.Mycotoxicological investigation showed the sterigmatocystin content in two samples ofvegetable salads "ready for use" (shredded white cabbage and FIT salad - carrot, lettuce andred chicory) in concentrations of 3.5 mg/kg and 5.5 mg/kg, respectively.The major component in the extract of caraway was carvon with a share of 43.98%. The basilextract contained estragol (methyl cavicol) in the highest percentage (86.72%), whilecarvacrol (34.20%) and carvon (18.05%) were major components of the oregano extract. As forthe essential oil of onion, dimethyl trisulphide, methyl propyl trisulphide, dimethyl tetrasulfid,diethyl-1, 2, 4-tritiolan, methyl-(1-propenyl)-trisulphide, and methyl-(1-propenyl) – disulfideconstituted the largest share. The major components isolated in garlic essential oil werediallyl disulfide, diallyl-trisulphide, allyl methyl trisulphide and allyl methyl disulfide.The concentration of the caraway extract of 0.35 mL/100mL exhibited fungicidal effect (MFC)on C. cladosporioides, while the concentration of 0.70 mL/100mL completely inhibited thegrowth of A. carbonarius, A. wentii, E. nidulans, Eurotium spp., C. cladosporioides, P.glabrum, P. brevicopmactum, F. subglutinans and F. verticillioides. The same concentrationshowed the inhibitory effect (MIC) on the growth of P. chrysogenum and P. aurantiogriseum.The poorest effect of the caraway extract was expressed on the growth of A. niger, A.versicolor, F. oxysporum and F. proliferatum.The basil extract application in the concentration of 0.70 mL/100mL showed fungicidal effects(MFC) on the growth of C. cladosporioides. The concentration of 1.50 mL/100mL completelyinhibited (MFC) the growth of A. wentii, A. versicolor, E. nidulans, E. herbariorum, E.chevalierii, E. rubrum, P. chrysogenum and Fusarim spp. The poorest effect of the basilextract was exhibited on A. niger, A. carbonarius, P. aurantiogriseum, E. amstelodami, P.glabrum and P. brevicompactum.The oregano extract showed the weakest growth inhibition influence on all of the testedmoulds. The application of this extract in the concentration of 1.50 mL/100mL was fungicidal(MFC) to E. rubrum. The concentration of 2.50 mL/100mL showed fungicidal effects (MFC) onthe growth of E. rubrum, E. herbariorum, A. wentii, C. cladosporioides and P. aurantiogriseumand inhibitory effects (MIC) on E. nidulans, E. chevalieri, E. amstelodami, P. glabrum and P.brevicompactum. The weakest effect of this extract was expressed on the growth of A. niger,A. carbonarius, F. proliferatum, F. subglutinans and P. chrysogenum.Onion essential oil showed a significantly stronger antifungal effect on the tested moulds incomparison to garlic essential oil. While the concentration of 14.0 mL/100mL of garlic oil had afungicidal effect on E. rubrum, E. chevalieri and C. cladosporioides, the same concentrationof onion oil was also fungicidal to E. herbariorum and E. amstelodami. With an exception of A.niger and P. aurantiogriseum, the concentration that showed a fungicidal effect on theremaining moulds equalled 28.0 mL/100mL.Some of the tested mixtures of basil with caraway, basil with oregano, oregano with caraway,and essential oils of onion and garlic, showed a synergistic effect on the growth inhibition ofA. wentii, E. herbariorum, F. verticilllioides and P. aurantiogriseum with the FIC index rangingfrom 0.63 to 0.97.Apart from the inhibitory effect on the mould colony growth, the spices extracts and theessential oils of onion and garlic also caused changes in the macro- and micro- morphologyof the moulds.Complete inhibition of the growth of A. versicolor and sterigmatocystin biosynthesis wasachieved at a concentration of 0.20 mL/100mL of the extract of caraway and oregano in theperiod of 21 days. At this concentration the basil extract delayed the sterigmatocystinbiosynthesis by 88.73% while the mould growth was inhibited by 52.56%. Mixtures containing75% of the caraway extract and 25% of the basil extract completely inhibited the mouldgrowth and sterigmatocystin biosynthesis in YES broth during 21 days of incubation.The concentrations of 5.0 m L/100mL (onion essential oil) and 10.0 m L/100mL (garlic essentialoil) applied in a mixture containing 1.50 mL/100mL of onion and 0.50 mL/100mL of garlicessential oil were necessary for a complete inhibition of the growth of A. versicolor andsterigmatocystin biosynthesis.The addition of the mixture of caraway and basil extracts (0.35 mL/100mL of caraway + 0.70mL/100mL of basil) to fresh shredded cabbage influenced the reduction of initial mouldcontamination by 93.9%. This was accompanied by the occurrence of acceptable moreintense flavour and slight discoloration.The defined mathematical model for comparing the effects of extracts and essential oils onthe growth of moulds can be applied in establishing inhibition matrices and optimisation ofthe time and the concentration of antifungal agents.The obtained results on the antifungal effects of the spices extracts and onion and garlicessential oils can be beneficial for improving the antifungal protection of food and reducingthe mycotoxin biosynthesis as well as the overall damage caused by the action of moulds.
Yang, Mandy. "An investigation of the antifungal and antitumor activity of ajoene." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Biological sciences, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/8201.
Thomas, Russell John. "The synthesis of novel #beta#-lactams with potential antifungal activity." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.277147.
Asmyou, Sana Alhadi. "An in-vitro study of antifungal activity of gymnemic acid." University of the Western Cape, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6239.
Candida species are frequently isolated from oral mucosal surfaces of healthy individuals and is the most common genus responsible for up to 75% of all candidal infections. The most common problems associated management of oral candidiasis are antifungal drug resistance and side effects Natural medicine is an emerging field and is being explored to overcome drug resistance and to reduce side effects. Gymnemagenin (will be known as Gymnemic acid; GA) is a purified extract from Gymnema sylvestre, a slow growing, perennial, medicinal plant found in Central and Western India, Tropical Africa and Australia is regarded as one of the plants with potent antimicrobial and antifungal activity.
Silva, Maria Zelandia Rocha. "Insulation immunoaffinity chromatography and antifungal activity osmotinas of latex fluid." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2015. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=14503.
Plants are constantly exposed to a variety of stresses conditions. However, they react to biotic stresses by triggering a set of defense mechanisms including the synthesis of defensive substances as the pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins. The PR-protein named osmotin can be induced under osmotic stress and water shortage conditions. Osmotin-like proteins have been purified from latex and some of them are related to antifungal activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the osmotin in the following species laticifers: C. grandiflora, P. rubra, T. peruviana, H. drasticus and C. papaya to isolate and evaluate its antifungal activities. Immunoaffinity column chromatography with anti-CpOsm antibodies were performed in order to purify these osmotin-like. They were detected in latex of C. grandiflora and P. rubra by immunoassays the ELISA, Dot Blot and Western Blot using anti-CpOsm antibody (the osmotin of C. procera latex). Osmotin of C. procera, C. grandiflora, P. rubra and H. drasticus were identified by mass spectrometry. However, the osmotin from C. procera was co-purified with cysteine proteases. The co-purified cysteine protease from C. procera was identified as Procerain B. The alignment and the 3-D structure analysis of Procerain B and CpOsm revealed the presence of a similar sequence in both proteins. This sequence might be an epitope which allows the anti-antibody recognition. The osmotin from C. grandiflora, and P. rubra did not show antifungal activity against Fusarium solani and Colletotrichum gloesporioides. Since no correlation between the antifungal activity and the presence of these osmotins were found, the proteolytic activities of these latex protein fractions were evaluated in order to correlate with the antifungal activity C. procera and C. grandiflora showed a strong proteolytic activity. In latex, the cysteine proteases are more often related to antifungal activity than osmotin, which might explain, at least in part, the antifungal activity performed by C. grandifora and not for its osmotin. Further studies on the role of osmotin in physiology laticifers plants are needed.
As plantas estÃo constantemente sujeitas a diversos tipos de estresse, tanto biÃticos como abiÃticos, resultando em respostas de defesa. Decorrente disto, os vegetais sintetizam certas proteÃnas denominadas de proteÃnas relacionadas à patogÃnese (PR proteÃna). As Pr-proteÃnas chamadas de osmotinas podem ser induzidas sob condiÃÃes de estresse osmÃtico, frio e escassez de Ãgua. Osmotinas tem sido purificadas de fluidos laticÃferos e algumas delas estÃo relacionadas com a atividade antifÃngica. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi prospectar osmotinas, bem como isolÃ- las e avaliar suas atividades antifÃngicas, nos fluidos laticÃferos das seguintes espÃcies: C. grandiflora, P. rubra, T. peruviana, H. drasticus e C. papaya. Nos lÃtex de C. grandiflora e P. rubra foram detectadas osmotinas atravÃs de imunoensaios em placa de ELISA, Dot Blot e Westen Blot, utilizando os anticorpos anti-CpOsm (osmotina do lÃtex de C. procera). Cromatografia de imunoafinidade em coluna com anticorpos anti-CpOsm foram realizadas com o intuito de purificar estas osmotinas. AnÃlises por meio de espectrometria de massas, revelaram a presenÃa de osmotina em C. procera, C. grandiflora, P. rubra e H. drasticus. No entanto, a osmotina de C. procera foram co-purificadas com proteases cisteÃnicas. A protease cisteÃnica co- purificada no lÃtex de C. procera foi identificada como Proceraina B. O alinhamento e a anÃlise da estrutura tridimensional da Proceraina B e CpOsm revelaram a presenÃa de uma sequÃncia semelhante em ambas as proteÃnas, que pode ser um epÃtopo disponÃvel ao reconhecimento do anticorpo anti-CpOsm. As osmotinas isoladas de C. grandiflora e P. rubra nÃo apresentaram atividade antifÃngica contra F. solani e C. gloesporioides. Desde que nÃo houve correlaÃÃo entre a atividade antifÃngica e à presenÃa destas osmotinas, as atividades proteolÃticas das fraÃÃes proteicas foram avaliadas a fim de correlaciona-las à atividade antifÃngica. Nos fluidos laticÃferos, as proteases cisteÃnicas estÃo mais frequentemente relacionadas à atividade antifÃngica do que as osmotinas. Estudos mais aprofundados sobre a funÃÃo das osmotinas na fisiologia de plantas laticÃferas sÃo necessÃrios.
Hart, Jonathan Michael. "The influence of biofilm on the antifungal activity of amine oxide." View the abstract Download the full-text PDF version, 2009. http://etd.utmem.edu/ABSTRACTS/2009-015-Hart-index.htm.
Title from title page screen (viewed on August 11, 2009). Research advisor: Jegdish P. Babu, Ph.D. Document formatted into pages (ix, 32 p. : ill.). Vita. Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 28-31).
Mohammadihashemi, Marjan. "Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity of Ceragenins, Mimics of Endogenous Antimicrobial Peptides." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2019. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/7411.
Caimi, S. "NATURAL COMPOUNDS AND THEIR ANALOGUES : SYNTHESIS AND EVALUATION OF ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/49778.
Mogashoa, Motanti Mary. "Isolation and characterisation of antifungal and antibacterial compounds from Combretum molle (Combretaceae) leaf extracts." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/60270.
Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
Paraclinical Sciences
MSc
Unrestricted
Hoang, Vi K. B. "Binding Affinity and Antifungal Activity of Immune-Fusion Proteins against Candida albicans." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10825595.
Candida albicans is a yeast-like fungal pathogen that can cause infections ranging from superficial to life-threatening systemic candidiasis. Current treatments for systemic candidiasis are available but often ineffective and toxic. Consequently, it is necessary to develop new therapeutic approaches. The purpose of this study was to construct antibody-based fusion proteins that can bind to C. albicans cells and eliminate them. Two such fusion proteins were constructed. Each one is composed of M1 Fab as the antibody component that binds to C. albicans mannan and the antifungal peptide HPRP-A1. HPRP-A1 was attached via a 15-amino acid linker to either the C-terminus of the constant light chain of M1 Fab (M1 Fab-HPRP-CL) or the N-terminus of the variable light chain of M1 Fab (M1 Fab-HPRP-VL). Binding of the fusion proteins to purified C. albicans mannan was assessed with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and the half maximal effective concentration (EC50) for each fusion protein was estimated. EC50 for M1 Fab-HPRP-CL was 273.6 compared to 74.1 for the original M1 Fab (p < 0.05), whereas M1 Fab-HPRP-VL did not show any binding activity, indicating a negative impact on the antibody binding by the linked peptide. Similarly, M1 Fab-HPRP-CL also showed reduced binding for C. albicans cells when compared to M1 Fab as determined with immunofluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. The effect of M1 Fab-HPRP-CL on the growth of C. albicans cells was analysed using microdilution and absorbance. At 16 µM, the growth of yeast cells treated with M1 Fab-HPRP-CL was 47.1 % of the growth control, compared to 43.5 % for M1 Fab (p > 0.05) and to 1.9 % for HPRP-A1 by itself (p < 0.001). Moreover, HPRP-A1 killed C. albicans at 32 µM and 64 µM, while M1 Fab and M1 Fab-HPRP-CL did not, indicating a loss of the antifungal activity of HPRP-A1 when attached to the antibody. These data together provide valuable insights into the development of novel antibody-based therapeutics as an alternative treatment for candidiasis.
Belewa, Xoliswa Vuyokazi. "The antifungal activity of an aqueous Tulbaghia violacea plant extract against Aspergillus flavus." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/5858.
Oxenham, Senga K. "Classification of an Ocimum germplasm collection (NCRPIS, AMES) and investigation of antifungal activity." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.401650.
Precone, Marianna. "Antifungal Activity of LAE against Biofilm-Forming Fungi: Potential Application in Food Industry." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021.
Mahlo, S. M. (Salome Mamokone). "Characterization and biological activity of antifungal compounds present in Breonadia salicina (Rubiaceae) leaves." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/24873.
Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2009.
Paraclinical Sciences
unrestricted
Chakor, N. S. "Synthesis and biological activity evaluation of natural antifungals and their analogues." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/59819.
Alasmary, Fatmah A. S. "Synthesis and evaluation of selected benzimidazole derivatives as potential antimicrobial agents. An investigation into the synthesis of substituted benzimidazoles and their evaluation in vitro for antimicrobial activity." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/6325.
Saudi Culture Bureau and King Saud University
Zhang, Chunyi. "The Ppz protein phosphatase as a potential novel antifungal target." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667263.
Invasive fungal infections are an enormous threat, while only a limited number of antifungal drugs are currently available. The increasing incidence of fungal infections has aggravated the need for novel approaches for antifungal therapies. Our laboratory has discovered in S. cerevisiae the protein phosphatase (PPase) Ppz1, which is involved in multiple cellular processes and is important in the regulation of monovalent cation homeostasis. In budding yeast, Ppz1 is inhibited by two regulatory proteins, Hal3 and Vhs3. These two proteins have moonlighting properties, as they contribute to the formation of an atypical heterotrimeric PPC decarboxylase enzyme, crucial for CoA biosynthesis. Ppz1 is found only in fungi, including pathogenic ones, and has been found to be a virulence determinant in Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus. In addition, when overexpressed, it appears to be the most toxic protein in budding yeast. These characteristics define Ppz1 as a possible target for antifungal therapies. This project aims to elucidate the molecular basis of Ppz1 toxicity. First, by using a conditional Ppz1 overexpressing strain (ZCZ01, in which we replaced the PPZ1 promoter by the GAL1-10 promoter), we have confirmed that the toxic effect of Ppz1 occurs due to the increase in its phosphatase activity and not to depletion of Hal3/Vhs3. Besides, the growth defect caused by overexpression of Ppz1 was characterized by liquid growth assay, dot assay and flow cytometry. Since it is known that Ppz1 inhibits entry of potassium by regulating the Trk1/Trk2 high-affinity transporters, we also have confirmed that a potassium surplus does not rescue the conditional lethality caused by overexpression of Ppz1. In addition, we have defined the transcriptomic changes caused by overexpression of Ppz1 from the GAL1-10 promoter, which revealed the development of an oxidative stress response. Cryptococcus neoformans is a pathogenic fungus that produces meningoencephalitis in immunosuppressed patients (mainly HIV+) and is responsible for a high rate of mortality in invasive infections. Here we report the functional characterization of CnPpz1 and two possible Hal3-like proteins, CnHal3a and CnHal3b. CnPpz1 is a functional PPase and partially replaced endogenous ScPpz1. Both CnHal3a and CnHal3b interact with ScPpz1 and CnPpz1 in vitro but do not inhibit their phosphatase activity. Consistently, when expressed in S. cerevisiae, they poorly reproduced the Ppz1-regulatory properties of ScHal3. In contrast, both proteins were functional monogenic PPCDCs. Ustilago maydis represents an important eukaryotic plant pathogen model system and has been considered one of the top ten plant fungal pathogens. Here we describe the functional characterization of UmPpz1 and UmHal3. We show that UmPpz1 is a functional PPase that partially mimics ScPpz1 in vivo. Both UmHal3 and its PPCDC domain interact with ScPpz1 and UmPpz1 in vitro, but the capacity to inhibit the phosphatase activity is not observed. In S. cerevisiae UmHal3 is not able to inhibit the ScPpz1 whereas is demonstrated as a functional PPCDC. Overall, the results obtained in this work have established a basis of Ppz1 toxicity in S. cerevisiae and provide the foundations for understanding the regulation and functional role of the Ppz1-Hal3 system in the human pathogenic fungus C. neoformans and the plant pathogenic fungus U. maydis.
Wu, Kechun. "Solubility and manipulation of disulfides in puroindoline-b: Recombinant puroindoline-b shows antifungal activity." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/27083.
Oliveira, Jonathas Sales de. "Antifungal susceptibility, exoenzyme activity and biofilm production by Candida tropicalis strains from animal sources." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2013. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=14788.
In recent years there has been a significant increase in the incidence of fungal infections caused by Candida species. Although C. albicans be considered the principal representing of the genus, other species have been gaining prominence. C. tropicalis, for example, has been associated with serious invasive cadidiases, being the first or second type of non-Candida albicans Candida most commonly isolated in humans with candidemia and candiduria and is frequently isolated from healthy animals and animals with candidiasis. To establish infection, C. tropicalis expresses many virulence factors such as the secretion of enzymes phospholipases and proteases, biofilm production, among others. This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro antifungal susceptibility profile and production of virulence factors in strains of C. tropicalis (n=100) isolated from several animal species. The strains were subjected to in vitro susceptibility testing by broth microdilution test, M27-A3 protocol, standardized by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute against amphotericin B, itraconazole and fluconazole. We also evaluated the virulence attributes, such as proteases and phospholipases production and biofilm formation. Regarding the susceptibility of C. tropicalis strains, 38% were resistant to itraconazole, 40% were resistant to fluconazole and 34% were resistant to both azoles. None of the strains were resistant to amphotericin B. Regarding the production of proteases, 84% of the strains secreted these enzymes in the medium with pH 5.0, whereas only 40% of the strains were active at pH 3.5. Only 8% of the strains produced phospholipases. The strains showed different pattern in biofilm production, which 63,2% were strong producers, 17,6% were moderate producers, and 13,3% were weak producers. In sumary, the C. tropicalis strains isolated from animals showed high rate of resistance to azoles and expressed important virulence factors, indicating a potential threat to human and animal health.
Nos Ãltimos anos houve um aumento significativo na incidÃncia de infecÃÃes fÃngicas causadas por leveduras do gÃnero Candida. Apesar de C. albicans ser considerada a principal representante do gÃnero, outras espÃcies vÃm ganhando destaque. C. tropicalis, por exemplo, tem sido associada à cadidÃases invasivas graves, sendo a primeira ou segunda espÃcie de Candida nÃo-albicans mais comumente isolada em candidemia e candidÃria em humanos, alÃm de ser frequentemente isolada da microbiota de animais saudÃveis e com candidÃase. Para estabelecer a infecÃÃo, C. tropicalis expressa diversos fatores de virulÃncia, como a secreÃÃo de enzimas protease e fosfolipase, a produÃÃo de biofilme, dentre outros. O presente trabalho buscou avaliar o perfil de sensibilidade antifÃngica in vitro e produÃÃo de fatores de virulÃncia de cepas de C. tropicalis (n=100) isoladas de diferentes espÃcies animais. As cepas foram submetidas a teste de sensibilidade in vitro por meio do mÃtodo de microdiluiÃÃo em caldo, protocolo M27-A3, padronizado pelo Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, frente anfotericina B, itraconazol e fluconazol. Foram avaliados ainda os atributos de virulÃncia: produÃÃo de enzimas proteases e fosfolipases e produÃÃo de biofilme. Quanto ao perfil de sensibilidade das cepas de C. tropicalis, 38% foram resistentes a itraconazol, 40% resistentes a fluconazol e 34% foram resistentes a ambos os derivados azÃlicos. Nenhuma cepa apresentou resistÃncia a anfotericina B. Quanto a produÃÃo de proteases, 84% das cepas secretaram estas enzimas em meio com pH 5,0, enquanto somente 40% das cepas foram ativas em pH 3,5. Somente 8% das cepas produziram fosfolipases. As cepas apresentaram padrÃo diferenciado na produÃÃo de biofilme, em que 63,2% foram consideradas fortes produtoras, 17,6% foram consideradas moderadas produtoras e 13,3% foram consideradas fracas produtoras. Em suma, os isolados de C. tropicalis provenientes de animais apresentaram resistÃncia a derivados azÃlicos e expressaram fatores de virulÃncia importantes, indicando potencial risco à saÃde humana e animal.
Sessa, Lucia. "Design and development of new polymeric materials with potential antimicrobial and/or antifungal activity." Doctoral thesis, Universita degli studi di Salerno, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10556/1776.
This PhD project is focused on the development of new polymeric materials with antibacterial and antifungal activity. The first part of the work was dedicated to the synthesis and the insertion of a modified amino acid into an antimicrobial peptide (AMP), with the aim to retain the action mechanism on bacterial membranes. Understanding the mechanism of action of AMPs is important for the rational design of new drugs. For this reason, I have collected structural properties, antimicrobial activity values and biological origin of antimicrobial peptides from published data. I have calculated the most relevant chemical physical properties like charge, hydrophobic moment, helicity, flexibility, isoelectric point, Boman and instability index and penetration capabilities. This data collection work permitted us to create YADAMP (www.yadamp.unisa.it), a web database with detailed informations on AMPs. YADAMP database contains the highest number of active sequences with proven antimicrobial activity. YADAMP peremitted me to do a work of data mining that end up with the choice of a peptide, a defensine, to be used as template for developing a new photoresponsive peptide. The peptide, hereafter indicated as ALY, is a short α-helix, membrane active AMP with a tyrosine in the sequence. I have developed the modified analogue replacing the tyrosine by a modified tyrosine with azobenzene group in the side chain. The modified amino acid, named Fmoc-azoTyr, was synthesized according to the classic scheme of diazocopulation reactions. I have chosen the azobenzene group because it permits a reversible trans to cis photochemical isomerization... [edited by author]
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Korkashvili, Tamar. "Steroidal Glycosides of Cordyline australis." The University of Waikato, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2237.
Dudoit, Auriane. "Evaluation et compréhension des propriétés antifongiques des propolis." Thesis, Montpellier, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MONTT102.
In the framework of a CIFRE thesis agreement in collaboration between Pollenergie and the Center for International Cooperation in Agronomic Research for Development (CIRAD), the antifungal potential of propolis has been studied. For this purpose, six samples of propolis from different geographical regions (France and Brazil) and various botanical origins (genus Populus, Dalbergiaecastophyllum and Baccharis dracunculifolia) were analyzed.The Ethanolic Extracts of Propolis (EEP) finalized, rich in polyphenolic compounds (from 12.8 ± 0.4 to 16.2 ± 0.3 g EAG.L-1), exhibit a great diversity of classes of bioactive molecules according to their botanical origin. The polyphenols identified in propolis extracts of Populus (France) are mainlyflavonoids and their derivatives (galangin, pinobanksin, chrysin) and acids-phenols (p-coumaric and caffeic acids). In contrast, the extracts of green propolis of Baccharis dracunculifolia and red from Dalbergia ecastophyllum (Brazil) they are respectively phenol acids and their prenylated derivatives(artepillin C, p-coumaric acid) and isoflavonoid compounds (vestitol, medicarpin).All EEPs have demonstrated an in vitro antifungal potential, which varies according to botanical species, at two stages of development of a phytopathogenic strain (Colletotrichum musae), isolated from the crown rot of banana. Two extracts of Populus (France) in particular showed the greatest efficacy against C. musae.An aqueous extract of red propolis from Dalbergia ecastophyllum demonstrated the greatest efficiency in vitro. This extract, which was then tested in vivo on three banana conservation diseases, proved its antifungal potential as an alternative treatment and its effectiveness in increasing the shelf life of bananas for export
Yagi, Sakina. "Etudes phytochimique et biologique de plantes soudanaises : Hydnora johannis Beccari (Hydnoraceae) et Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. et Nakai var. citroides (Bailey) Mansf. (Cucurbitaceae)." Thesis, Nancy 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NAN10138.
Different extracts were prepared from the roots of H. johannis and different biological tests were performed. Water extract exhibited significant activity against Enterococcus fecalis, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus. Water extract devoid from tannin or the tannin fraction did not show any antibacterial activity reflecting the synergistic property of active compounds. Both extracts showed antifungal, antiradical capacity as well as antiglycation activity. Toxicological study of the powder and ethanol extract on rats showed toxicity to the liver and kidney tissues. Five compounds were isolated namely; 3,4,5- Trihydroxy- 6,7-dimethoxy flavone ; 3,5-Dihydroxy- 4,7- dimethoxy dihydroflavonol, Catechin, Vanillin and Protocatechuic acid. Stigmasterol, Oleic acid, Myristic acid and Palmitic acid were also identified. A study on the fruit pulps of C. lanatus var. citroides revealed that the methanolic extract displayed an antibacterial activity against B. subtilis, S. aureus and E. coli. The butanolic extract showed antiradical capacity and was not toxic to brine shrimps larvae. Two compounds were isolated namely; Cucurbitacine E 2-O-[bêta]-glucopyranoside and Cucurbitacine L 2-O- [bêta] -glucopyranoside. Both compounds showed antibacterial activity against E.coli whereas, Cucurbitacine L 2-O-[bêta]-glucopyranoside showed antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa as well as antiradical activity
Alasmary, Fatmah Ali Saeed. "Synthesis and evaluation of selected benzimidazole derivatives as potential antimicrobial agents : an investigation into the synthesis of substituted benzimidazoles and their evaluation in vitro for antimicrobial activity." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/6325.
Lentsoane, Robert. "Antimicrobial activity of Melianthus villosus." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2005. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-05232005-102711/.
Luong, Huu Thanh, Thuy Nga Vu, Thi Thuy Ha, Kieu Bang Tam Nguyen, and Thi Hong Van Dao. "Effects of some microelements on antifungal activity and biomass of the Actinomyces producing Validamycin-A." Technische Universität Dresden, 2018. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A33068.
Validamycin A (val-A) là một loại kháng sinh có khả năng kháng nấm, được tổng hợp bởi xạ khuẩn Streptomyces hygroscopicus và phụ thuộc vào quá trình sinh trưởng, phát triển của xạ khuẩn. Bài báo này đánh giá ảnh hưởng của nguyên tố vi lượng Mn, Zn đến hoạt tính kháng nấm Rhizoctonia solani (R. solani) và sinh khối của chủng Streptomyces hygroscopicus DA15. Khi bổ sung Mn vào môi trường nuôi cấy với nồng độ 1μg/l, sinh khối của Streptomyces hygroscopicus- DA15 đạt 2,85±0,02g/ml, đường kính vòng kháng nấm đạt 3,5±0,2cm. Bổ sung Zn vào môi trường nuôi cấy với hàm lượng Zn=3μg/l, sinh khối của Streptomyces hygroscopicus DA15 đạt 4,5±0,02g/ml và đường kính vòng kháng nấm đạt 3,4±0,2cm.
Carruthers, Fiona Lousie. "A study of antifungal activity by a potential biological control strain, Pseudomonas aureofaciens strain PA147-2." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Microbiology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/6749.
Govender, Thashlin. "Antifungal activity of epithelia from selected frogs species of the south Western Cape of South Africa." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1476.
Resistance to antibiotics has been acknowledged as a major global public health problem. The use of peptides to provide alternatives to combat multi drug resistant organisms is of current relevance to overcome antibiotic resistance. The high deversity of amphibian skin peptides render these animals a potential source for the discovery of novel drugs.
Perdones, Montero Ángela. "ANTIFUNGAL CHITOSAN-BASED FILMS AND COATINGS CONTAINING ESSENTIAL OILS FOR FRUIT APPLICATIONS." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/59413.
[ES] En la presente tesis doctoral se han desarrollado diferentes materiales antifúngicos para su uso en conservación de frutas. Para ello, se han incorporado diferentes aceites esenciales (AE) en recubrimientos y películas de quitosano (Q). Se ha analizado el efecto de la adición de ácido oleico (AO) y las condiciones de homogeneización sobre la estabilidad de las emulsiones y sobre las propiedades de las películas. Se ha estudiado el efecto de los recubrimientos de Q sobre el deterioro fúngico en fresas y el efecto preventivo frente a infecciones fúngicas de las mezclas de metilcelulosa (MC) con Q en plantas de tomate. Se ha estudiado el efecto de la composición de las películas sobre las propiedades funcionales de las mismas, así como su actividad antimicrobiana in vitro e in vivo. La incorporación de AO en las películas de Q (proporción 1:1) redujo la permeabilidad al agua (PVA) en un 50% comparado con la de Q puro. La microfluidización indujo un efecto positivo sobre dicha reducción. La adición de AE (hoja de canela, tomillo o albahaca) no supuso una disminución notable de los valores de permeabilidad obtenidos para las películas de Q. Cuando se añadió AO a las formulaciones de Q y AE (proporciones 1:1 o 1:2), se promovió una mejora significativa en la PVA de las películas. En cambio, la adición de lípidos aumentó ligeramente la permeabilidad al oxígeno, disminuyó la elasticidad y la rigidez, y produjo un menor impacto sobre la resistencia a la rotura. A su vez, la adición de AE modificó el comportamiento mecánico de las películas. Los AE de tomillo y albahaca aumentaron considerablemente la rigidez y la resistencia a la rotura, mientras que el AE de hoja de canela redujo estos parámetros ligeramente. La adición de lípidos a las películas de Q afectó las propiedades ópticas de las mismas. El AO redujo la transparencia y el brillo, en función de la concentración añadida. La adición de AE tuvo un mayor impacto sobre los parámetros de color y el índice de blancura. Las mezclas de AE y AO mitigaron estos cambios de color. Además, la incorporación de las mezclas AE-OA redujo las pérdidas de volátiles del AE durante la formación de las películas. Las películas formuladas con el AE de hoja de canela fueron efectivas contra el crecimientos de A. niger, B. cinerea y R. stolonifer, aunque los AE de tomillo y albahaca encapsulados en las películas no mostraron ninguna actividad antifúngica. La aplicación de los diferentes recubrimientos de Q AE de C en fresas inoculadas con R. stolonifer dio lugar a una reducción en el deterioro fúngico de los frutos almacenados durante 14 días a 10°C. Los recubrimientos de Q-AE de limón también fueron efectivos en el control del deterioro fúngico en fresas. Estos recubrimientos no afectaron significativamente los parámetros físico-químicos de las fresas durante el almacenamiento en refrigeración, disminuyeron la tasa de respiración de los frutos y acentuaron la actividad antifúngica del Q frente a B. cinerea. Tanto los recubrimientos con AE como los de Q puro modificaron el perfil de volátiles de las fresas, aunque estos cambios solo fueron apreciados sensorialmente en el caso de los frutos recubiertos con AE. Las mezclas de Q y MC que contenían AE de orégano causaron efectos fitotóxicos en plantas de tomate en el estadio "3 hojas", aunque no afectaron a la biomasa total. En el estadio "frutos" los tratamientos no tuvieron ningún efecto negativo. Los recubrimientos redujeron la tasa de respiración de los tomates, disminuyeron la pérdida de peso durante el almacenamiento post-cosecha y fueron efectivos contra el deterioro fúngico de tomates inoculados con R. stolonifer. La migración de los compuestos fenólicos timol y carvacrol, contenidos en las películas de Q-MC, podría superar el límite de migración específica establecido (60 mg/Kg) para materiales de envase en contacto con alimentos en los casos de sistemas acuosos y d
[CAT] En la present tesi doctoral s'han desenvolupat diferents materials antifúngics per al seu ús en conservació de fruites. Per a açò, s'han incorporat diferents olis essencials (OE) en recobriments i pel·lícules de quitosano (Q). S'ha analitzat l'efecte de l'addició d'àcid oleic (AO) i les condicions d'homogeneïtzació sobre l'estabilitat de les emulsions i sobre les propietats de les pel·lícules obtingudes. S'ha estudiat l'efecte dels recobriments de Q sobre la deterioració fúngica en maduixes i l'efecte preventiu enfront d'infeccions fúngiques de les mescles de metilcelulosa (MC) amb Q en plantes de tomaca. S'ha estudiat l'efecte de la composició de les pel·lícules sobre les propietats funcionals de les mateixes, així com la seua activitat antimicrobiana in vitro i in vivo. La incorporació de AO en les pel·lícules de Q (1:1) va reduir la permeabilitat al vapor d'aigua (PVA) en un 50% comparat amb la de Q pur. La microfluidització va induir un petit efecte positiu sobre aquesta reducció. L'addició de AE (fulla de canyella, C, timó, T, i alfàbrega, A) no va suposar una disminució notable dels valors de permeabilitat obtinguts per a les pel·lícules de Q. Quan es va afegir AO a les formulacions de Q i AE, es va promoure una millora significativa en la PVA de les pel·lícules. Per contra, l'addició de lípids va augmentar lleugerament la permeabilitat a l'oxigen, va disminuir l'elasticitat i la rigidesa, i va produir un menor impacte sobre la resistència al trencament. Al seu torn, l'addició de OE va modificar el comportament mecànic de les pel·lícules. Els OE de T i d'A van augmentar considerablement la rigidesa i la resistència al trencament, mentre que l'OE de C va reduir aquests paràmetres lleugerament. L'addició de lípids a les pel·lícules de Q també va afectar les propietats òptiques de les mateixes. L'AO va reduir la transparència i la lluentor, en funció de la concentració afegida. L'addició d'OE va tenir un major impacte sobre el paràmetres de color i l'índex de blancor. Les mescles d'OE i AO van mitigar aquests canvis de color. A més, la incorporació de les mescles OE-AO va reduir les pèrdues de volàtils de l'OE durant la formació de les pel·lícules. Les pel·lícules formulades amb l'OE de C van ser efectives contra el creixements d'A. niger, B. cinerea i R. stolonifer, encara que els OE de T i A encapsulats en les pel·lícules no van mostrar cap activitat antifúngica. L'aplicació dels diferents recobriments de Q OE de fulla de canyella en maduixes inoculades amb R. stolonifer va donar lloc a una reducció en la deterioració fúngica dels fruits emmagatzemats durant 14 dies a 10°C. Els recobriments de Q-OE de llimó també van ser efectius en el control de la deterioració fúngica en maduixes. Aquests recobriments no van afectar significativament els paràmetres fisicoquímics de les maduixes durant l'emmagatzematge en refrigeració, van disminuir la taxa de respiració dels fruits i van accentuar l'activitat antifúngica del Q enfront de B. cinerea. Tant els recobriments amb OE com els de Q pur van modificar el perfil de volàtils de les maduixes, encara que aquests canvis sol van ser apreciats sensorialment en el cas dels fruits recoberts amb OE. Les mescles de Q:MC que contenien OE d'orenga van causar efectes fitotòxics en plantes de tomaca en l'estadi "3 fulles", encara que no van afectar a la biomassa total. En l'estadi "fruits" els tractaments no van tenir cap efecte negatiu. Els recobriments van reduir la taxa de respiració de les tomaques, van disminuir la pèrdua de pes durant l'emmagatzematge post collita i van ser efectius contra la deterioració fúngica de tomaques inoculades amb R. stolonifer. La migració dels compostos fenòlics timol i carvacrol, continguts en les pel·lícules de Q-MC, podria superar el límit de migració específica establit (60 mg/Kg) per a materials d'envàs en contacte amb aliments en els casos de sistemes aquosos i d
Perdones Montero, Á. (2015). ANTIFUNGAL CHITOSAN-BASED FILMS AND COATINGS CONTAINING ESSENTIAL OILS FOR FRUIT APPLICATIONS [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/59413
TESIS
Assonuma, Murilo Massao [UNESP]. "Determinação de alantoína e avaliação farmacológica de Cordia ecalyculata VELL (chá de bugre)." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/97972.
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
É notável a crescente demanda comercial pelos extratos das folhas de “Chá de Bugre” (Cordia ecalyculata Vell.) principalmente para a sua aplicação como supressor de apetite e agente cicatrizante. Trata-se de uma planta de origem sul americana sendo no Brasil muito comum nos estados de Minas Gerais, Bahia, Goiás, Paraná e Santa Catarina. É uma planta da família boraginaceae utilizada na fitoterapia brasileira como diurético, febrífugo, estimulante circulatório e também como inibidora do apetite, embora poucos relatos científicos comprovem tais atividades. Uma ampla revisão bibliográfica foi realizada e até o momento verificou- se que são poucos os estudos referentes aos constituíntes químicos presentes na espécie, destacando-se alcalóides como a cafeína, a alantoína e ácido alantóico; glicosídeos como a consolidina; taninos e pigmentos, além de compostos inorgânicos como o potássio. Órgãos regulatórios nacionais e internacionais responsáveis pela avaliação dos parâmetros de qualidade dos extratos comercializados tem sido cada vez mais incisivos quanto à padronização focando em marcadores específicos, metodologiasanalíticas validadas para a determinação de tais marcadores, estudos de estabilidade e também comprovações científicas que atestem as atividades biológicas esperadas. De acordo com os objetivos propostos, realizou-se inicialmente uma ampla revisão bibliográfica focando aspectos botânicos, químicos e farmacológicos da espécie. Posteriormente, realizou-se o desenvolvimento e também a validação de uma metodologia analítica cromatográfica capaz de determinar a alantoína nas folhas e também nos extratos obtidos de chá de bugre. Por fim, foi realizada a avaliação farmacológica da espécie, focando em ensaios do tipo antihemorrágico antifúngico, antioxidante e citotóxico para células normais e tumorais...
The increasing demand for commercial extracts of Chá de Bugre” (Cordia ecalyculata Vell.) is remarkable, especially for its use as appetite suppressant and wound healing agent. The specie is a plant originated from South America and widely spread in Brazil, in the states of Minas Gerais, Bahia, Goiás, Parana and Santa Catarina. It is a plant of the family boraginaceae, used in the Brazilian phytotherapy as diuretic, antipyretic, circulatory stimulant and appetite suppressant, but few scientific reports corroborate such activities. An extensive literature review has been carried out and so far it appears that there are few studies regarding the chemical constituents present in this species like alkaloids such as caffeine, allantoin and allantoic acid, glycosides as consolidine, in addition to tannins, pigments, and inorganic compounds such as potassium. National and international regulatory departments responsible for assessment of parameters related to the quality of the extracts have been increasingly incisive focusing on the standardization of specific markers, validation of analytical methods for the determination of such markers, stability studies and also scientific evidence that demonstrates the expected biological activities. According to the proposed objectives, a deep literature review has been initially carried out focusing on botanical, chemical and pharmacological aspects of C. ecalyculata. Subsequently, a chromatographic analytical methodology capable of determining allantoin in the leaves and also in extracts of “chá de bugre” has been developed and validated. Finally, we performed a pharmacological evaluation of the species, focusing on the antihemorrhagic, antifungal, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities to both normal and tumor cells. Biological assays evidenced that the ethyl acetate phase of aqueous ethanol extract of leaves showed hemorrhage inhibition ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Matongo, Fredrick. "Inhibitory potential of honey on the enzymatic activity of Helicobacter pylori urease." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/431.
Oliveira, Priscila dos Santos. "Avaliação da atividade antifúngica do Cloridrato de Verapamil frente a leveduras do gênero Candida." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/155868.
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Resumo: A epidemiologia das infecções causadas por Candida sofreu mudanças nos últimos anos. Embora Candida albicans ainda seja o principal patógeno causador de candidíase, relatos recentes reportam o aumento da incidência de infecções causadas por espécies de Candida não-albicans. A toxicidade dos fármacos antifúngicos utilizados juntamente com o desenvolvimento da resistência tem se tornado um sério problema clínico. Com isso, atualmente existe a urgência na descoberta de novos compostos com atividades antifúngicas. Objetivos: avaliar a atividade antifúngica do fármaco Cloridrato de Verapamil, determinar a Concentração Inibitória Mínima (CIM) e a Concentração Fungicida Mínima (CFM), frente à Candida albicans ATCC 18804, Candida krusei ATCC 6258, Candida parapsilosis ATCC 90018 e Candida glabrata ATCC 9030. Além de avaliar a citotoxicidade do fármaco em queratinócitos humanos (HaCaT). Metodologia: a determinação da CIM foi realizada pela técnica de microdiluição de acordo com The European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST). A CFM foi determinada por plaqueamento em ágar Sabouraud de alíquotas provenientes das diluições do ensaio de microdiluição. A avaliação da citotoxicidade foi realizada pela técnica de redução da resazurina, sendo possível avaliar a atividade mitocondrial das células HaCaT. Resultados: o fármaco Cloridrato de Verapamil demonstrou atividade antifúngica contra as quatro espécies patogênicas de Candida, com o valor de CIM de 1250 µM; valor de CFM maior que 1250 µM, sendo assim este fármaco foi considerado fungistático. Além disso, o Cloridrato de Verapamil não apresentou citotoxicidade nas concentrações avaliadas no estudo, pois, a redução de células viáveis nas concentrações mais elevadas não ultrapassa 30%. Com relação à redução de biomassa em biofilme de Candida, após tratamento com Cloridrato de Verapamil, houve redução (de 10 a 20%) para as quatro espécies de Candida em estudo, quando utilizadas concentrações de fármaco correspondentes a CIM; quando utilizadas concentrações de fármaco correspondentes a cinco vezes o valor de CIM, houve um aumento significativo na redução de biomassa (de 25% a 60%) em biofilme formado pelas quatro espécies de Candida. Conclusão: o fármaco Cloridrato de Verapamil apresentou atividade antifúngica para Candida albicans e Candida não-albicans, sendo considerado um fármaco fungistático, além de não apresentar citotoxicidade em queratinócitos humanos, e demonstrar atividade na redução de biomassa em biofilme formado pelas quatro espécies de Candida. Demais estudos são necessários para verificar a ação desse fármaco em diferentes mecanismos de virulência frente a células de Candida spp.
Abstract: The epidemiology of Candida infections has changed in recent years. Although Candida albicans is still the main pathogen causing candidiasis, recent reports have reported an increase in the incidence of infections caused by nonalbicans Candida species. The toxicity of the antifungal drugs used together with the development of resistance has become a serious clinical problem. With this, there is now an urgency in the discovery of new compounds with antifungal activities. Objectives: To evaluate the antifungal activity of the drug Verapamil Hydrochloride, to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and the Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (CFM) against Candida albicans ATCC 18804, Candida krusei ATCC 6258, Candida parapsilosis ATCC 90018 and Candida glabrata ATCC 9030 In addition to evaluating the cytotoxicity of the drug in human keratinocytes (HaCaT). Methodology: MIC determination was performed by the microdilution technique according to The European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST). The CFM was determined by plating on Sabouraud agar from aliquots from the dilutions of the microdilution assay. The evaluation of cytotoxicity was performed using the resazurin reduction technique, and it was possible to evaluate the mitochondrial activity of HaCaT cells. Results: The drug Verapamil Hydrochloride demonstrated antifungal activity against the four pathogenic species of Candida, with MIC value of 1250 μM; CFM value greater than 1250 μM, so this drug was considered fungistatic. In addition, Verapamil Hydrochloride did not present cytotoxicity in the units evaluated in the study, because the reduction of viable cells in the most cells is not exceeded by 30%. Regarding the biomass reduction in Candida biofilm, after treatment with Verapamil Hydrochloride, there was a reduction (from 10 to 20%) for the four Candida species in study, when the use of drug corresponding to MIC; when the use of drug corresponding to 5 times of MIC, there was a significant increase in the biomass reduction (from 25% to 60%) in the biofilm molded by the four Candida species. Conclusion: Thus, the drug Verapamil Hydrochloride led to the antifungal activity of Candida albicans and non-albicans Candida species, being considered a fungicidal drug, besides not presenting cytotoxicity in human serotonizers, and were submitted to biomass reduction in biofilm molded by four Candida species. More studies are needed to verify the action of the drug on different mechanisms of virulence against Candida spp cells.
Dhavan, A. "SYNTHETIC STUDIES TOWARDS THE NATURAL PRODUCT LEOPOLIC ACID A." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/345442.
Neta, Maria Adalgiza dos Santos. "Atividade antifÃngica in vitro de compostos naftoquinoidais contra cepas de Candida tropicalis resistentes ao fluconazol." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2012. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=9561.
The incidence of opportunistic infections caused by fungi, with emphasis on Candida species has increased substantially. Studies report that there has been a notable increase of infections by non-albicans species (Candida tropicalis, Candida glabrata, Candida parapsilosis and Candida krusei). Clinical isolates resistant to azoles, particularly fluconazole, are increasingly reported. The naphthoquinones are an important class of active molecules biologically presenting antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antiinflammatory, antipyretic, anti-cancer and trypanocidal and has been tested extensively in several pharmacological studies. In recent years intensified the interest in in this substances, not only due to your importance in vital biochemical processes as well as the increasing emphasis that they show in various pharmacological studies. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the effect of antifungal naphthoquinones against strains of Candida tropicalis resistant and susceptible to fluconazole, using different techniques such as broth microdilution methods, procedures Flow Cytometry procedures and Comet assay. We use seven strains of Candida tropicalis resistant to fluconazole for this study, which were isolated from blood and were part of the collection of yeasts Experimental Laboratory Bioprospecting in yeast (LABEL), affiliated with the Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of CearÃ. We used three compounds of naphthoquinones against the seven strains of Candida tropicalis and were subjected to in vitro sensitivity tests, which showed an antifungal activity potent. Through Flow Cytometry, it was possible to assess morphological changes and membrane integrity of these compounds fronts to significant strains in addition to mitochondrial dysfunction and production of reactive oxygen species. Through the Comet assay was possible to find significant damage to DNA. In summary, the results suggest that these compounds may be used as antifungal agents for the treatment of candidemia
CHAKOR, JYOTSNA NARAYAN. "SYNTHESIS AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY EVALUATION OF NATURAL PRODUCTS AND THEIR ANALOGUES." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/150172.
Ževžikovienė, Augusta. "Naujų 4-tiazolidinonų, turinčių sulfanilamido, alilamino ir nitrofurano farmakoforus, priešmikrobinių savybių tyrimas." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2012. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2012~D_20120918_161940-39143.
More than 200 antimicrobial agents are used in clinical practice for the treatment of infectious diseases, however, infectious diseases are still one of the most common causes of death, and the need for new antimicrobials isn’t decreasing. Compounds with different biological activity are synthesized by modifying 4-thiazolidinone. 4-thiazolidinones with sulfanilamide pharmacophore are more active against bacteria than sulfanilamides, and are characterized as antifungals. 4-thiazolidinones with nitrofuran pharmacophore are one of the most active antimicrobials. Higher antimicrobial activity of new compounds was expected after attaching allylamine to the molecule together with the previously known pharmacophores. By applying the selected methodologies for the synthesis of new 4-thiazolidinones with the fragments of selected pharmacophores (sulfanilamide, nitrofurane, allylamine), 39 derivatives of 4-thiazolidinone were synthesized. The assessment of physico-chemical properties and toxicity risk in silico helped to determine the value of compounds as biologically active substances. In silico and in vitro studies confirmed that new 4-thiazolidinone’s with sulfanilamide, nitrofurane and allylamine pharmacophores showed antimicrobial activity against various bacteria (S. aureus, E. faecalis, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, K. pneumonia, B. subtilis, P. mirabilis) and fungal cultures of C.albicans. Summarising microbiological tests, the most active antibacterial and antifungal compounds... [to full text]
Culbreath, Marci. "An Investigation into the Antifungal Activities of N-Thiolated Beta- Lactams Against Selected Candida Species." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001633.
Shrestha, Jaya P. "Synthesis, Structure-Activity Relationship Study, and Mode of Action Study of 1,4-Naphthoquinone Based Anticancer and Antimicrobial Agents." DigitalCommons@USU, 2016. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/4925.
Monfardini, Júlia Dietsche [UNESP]. "Diterpenos tetranorlabdanos e isocumarinas produzidos por Botryosphaeria parva, um fungo endofítico em Eugenia jambolana Lam. (Myrtaceae)." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/137771.
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Os micro-organismos têm demonstrado serem valiosas fontes de princípios ativos de uso clínico, no qual a penicilina é o exemplo mais conhecido de metabólito secundário, de importância medicinal, produzido por fungos. A espécie vegetal Eugenia jambolana Lam., popularmente conhecida como Jambolão, é utilizada na medicina popular brasileira, principalmente no tratamento de diabetes. O fungo Botryosphaeria parva, isolado das folhas da E. jambolana (L.) e codificado como Ej_F01, foi cultivado em escala ampliada em três meios de cultivo: Czapek®, PDB e Milho. Após o período de fermentação do endófito no meio de milho, foi feita uma extração direta com MeOH, seguida de filtração e evaporação do solvente. O extrato obtido foi solubilizado em AcOEt e fez-se três partições líquido-líquido com H2O, após a evaporação do solvente orgânico, o extrato foi dissolvido em CH3CN e foi feita uma nova partição líquido-líquido com Hexano, após a evaporação da CH3CN, foi obtido o extrato de interesse. Após o período de fermentação do endófito nos meios líquidos (PDB e Czapek®), a suspensão micelar foi filtrada a pressão reduzida, separando os micélios dos meios fermentados. Em seguida, os filtrados aquosos foram submetidos a três partições líquido-líquido com AcOEt, e após a evaporação do solvente orgânico, foram obtidos os extratos brutos de interesse. Todos os extratos foram fracionados utilizando técnicas cromatográficas, como Cromatografia em Coluna e/ou Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Eficiência preparativa. Após o fracionamento dos extratos brutos, foi possível obter sete substâncias oriundas do extrato do milho, seis substâncias do extrato do Czapek®, e uma do extrato de PDB, que foram submetidas a análises espectrométricas (EM, RMN de 1H, 13C, 1D e 2D) para a determinação/identificação estrutural. As substâncias 05, 08, 09 e 11 foram identificadas como 5-hidroximeleina, rel. (3S, 4S)-4-hidroximeleina, meleina e rel. (3S, 4R)-4-hidroximeleina, respectivamente, pertencentes à classe das isocumarinas; as substâncias 01, 03, 06 e 07 foram identificadas como botryosphaerin A, 13,14,15,16-tetranorlabd-7-eno-19,6β:12,17-diolídeo, CJ-14445 e oidiolactona E, respectivamente, pertencentes à classe dos diterpenos tetranorlabdanos; a substância 12 foi identificada como botryosphaerona D, pertencente à classe das naftalenonas. A substância 02, inédita, foi nomeada como rel. (4S, 5R, 6R, 10S)-18-hidroxi-13,14,15,16-tetranorlabd-7,9-dieno-19,6β:12,17-diolídeo, codificada como botryosphaerin I. Os estudos relacionados ao B. parva têm como finalidade verificar sua produção metabólica em diferentes meios de cultivo, bem como a avaliação do potencial biológico dos extratos brutos, frente aos ensaios antioxidante, antifúngico e anticolinesterásico.
Microorganisms have proven to be valuable sources of active principles for clinical use, wherein the penicillin is the best known example of a secondary metabolite of medicinal importance, produced by fungi. The plant species Eugenia jambolana Lam., commonly called Black Plum, is used in traditional Brazilian medicine, especially in the treatment of diabetes. The Botryosphaeria parva fungus, isolated from leaves of E. jambolana (L.) encoded as Ej_F01, was grown on an enlarged scale in three different culture media: Czapek®, PDB and corn. After the fermentation period in the corn media, a direct extraction was done with MeOH followed by filtration and evaporation of the solvent. The extract was disolved in AcOEt and made three liquid-liquid partition with H2O, after evaporation of the organic solvent, the extract was dissolved in CH3CN and was made a new liquid-liquid partition with Hexane, after evaporation of the CH3CN, it was obtained extract of interest. After the fermentation period in liquid media (PDB and Czapek®), the micellar suspension was filtered under reduced pressure, separating the mycelium from the fermented broth. Then, the aqueous filtrates were subjected to three liquid-liquid partition with AcOEt, and after evaporation of the organic solvent, there were obtained the crude extracts of interest. All extracts were fractionated using chromatographic techniques such as column chromatography and/or preparative High Performance Liquid Chromatography efficiency. After the fractioning of crude extracts, it was possible to obtain seven substances derived from corn extract, six substances obtained from Czapek extract, and a substance obtained from the PDB extract, which were submitted to spectrometric analysis (MS-ESI, NMR 1H, 13C, 1D and 2D) for determining and structural identification. The substances 05, 08, 09 and 11 were identified as 5-hydroxymelein, rel. (3S, 4S)-4-hydroxymelein, Melein and rel. (3S, 4R)-4-hydroxymelein, respectively, belonging to the class of isocoumarins; the substances 01, 03, 06 and 07 were identified as botryosphaerin A, 13,14,15,16-tetranorlabd-7-ene-19,6β:12,17-diolide, CJ-14445 and oidiolactone E, respectively, belonging to the class of tetranorlabdanes diterpenoids, and substance 12 was identified as botryosphaerone D, belonging to the class of naftalenones. A new tetranorlabdane diterpenoid was obtained, substance 02, named rel. (4S, 5R, 6R,10S)-18-hydroxy-13,14,15,16-tetranorlabd-7,9-dien-19,6β:12,17-diolide and encoded botryosphaerin I. These studies related to the B. parva are intended to verify your metabolic production in different culture media as well as the evaluation of the biological potential of extracts compared to antioxidant, antifungal and anticholinesterase trials.
Ribeiro, Martins Xavier Nuno Manuel. "Synthesis of new sugar derivatives containing an α,β -unsaturated carbonyl system in their structure and biological evaluation." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ISAL0023.
This PhD work was focused on the synthesis and the uses of carbohydrate bicyclic lactones for the access to sugar derivatives comprising an alpha, beta-unsaturated carbonyl function. Three types of bicyclic lactones were investigated: furanose C-C-Iinked butenolides, pyranose-fused butenolides, including S-or NH-analogues and carboxymethyl glycoside lactones (CMGLs). The synthetic methodology for butenolide containing-sugars was based on the Wittig olefination of 3- or 5-keto sugars and spontaneous intramolecular lactonization of the intermediate gamma-hydroxy axy alpha,beta-unsaturated esters. In the case of the fused systems, protected furanos-3-uloses were converted into 3-C-(ethoxycarbonyl)methylene furanoses. Further acid hydrolysis elicited both intramolecular transesterification and isomerization to the pyranose ring. Introduction of a sulfur or a nitrogen function at C-5 of the furanose precursors led to thiosugar analogues or to carbohydrate derivatives comprising both an amide function and an alpha,beta-unsaturated system, respectively. CMGLs were converted into 3-enopyranosid-2-uloses by a sequence involving opening of the lactone moiety by amines and oxidation/elimination of the resulting tri-0-acetylated 2-hydroxy pyranosides. Further Wittig olefination afforded 2-C-branched-chain conjugated dienepyranosides. Glycosides bearing a propargyl moiety were engaged in "click" chemistry reactions leading to 1,2,3-triazoles. Some of the new molecules were submitted to antimicrobial evaluation and (N-dodecylcarbamoyl)methyl enulosides proved to display the best efficacy. The most active one was the a-enuloside which showed very strong effect towards Bacillus species and strong activity against Enterococcus faecalis and the fungal pathogen Penicillium aurantiogriseum. Dienepyranosides exhibited a strong activity selectively towards E. faecalis. Triazole derivatives were virtually ineffective. Three of the bioactive compounds showed low acute toxicity in eukaryotic cells