Academic literature on the topic 'Anticorpi bispecifici'

Avec quatorze anticorps utilisés en oncologie, les anticorps monoclonaux ont enfin une place de choix dans l'arsenal thérapeutique anticancéreux. Cependant, l'un des modes d'action les plus importants de ces molécules, la cytotoxicité à médiation cellulaire dépendante des anticorps (ADCC), souffre de plusieurs limites en raison de la nécessité d'une interaction optimale avec le FcγRIIIA. L'équipe du Dr. Daniel Baty a conçu de nouveaux formats d'anticorps bispécifiques basés sur l'utilisation de domaine unique d'anticorps de lamas (sdAb) et capables de contourner la plupart de ces limites. Des banques de phages issus de lamas immunisés ont permis de sélectionner deux sdAbs (d'affinités différentes) dirigés contre le FcγRIIIA exprimé par des cellules NK et les macrophages, ainsi qu'un sdAb dirigé contre l'antigène tumoral carcino-embryonnaire (ACE). En utilisant les domaines CH1 et Ck d'IgG1 humaine comme motif d'hétérodimérisation et les sdabs anti-ACE et anti-FcγRIII précédemment sélectionnés, nous avons développé des formats innovants d'anticorps bispécifiques Fab-like nommés bsFabs. Ces molécules sont faciles à produire, très stables et peuvent déclencher la lyse des cellules tumorales par les cellules NK humaines à des concentrations de l'ordre du picomolaire. Elles ne se lient pas au récepteur inhibiteur FcγRIIB, n'entrent pas en compétition avec des IgG sériques pour la liaison aux récepteurs, et leur activité cytotoxique est indépendante de la glycosylation du Fc et du polymorphisme du FcγRIIIA
With fourteen antibodies used in oncology, monoclonal antibodies finally have a place in the therapeutic arsenal against cancer. However one of the modes of action of the most important of these molecules, cell-mediated cytotoxicity antibody-dependent (ADCC), suffers from several limitations due to the need for optimal interaction with the FcγRIIIA. Daniel Baty's team has developed new formats of bispecific antibodies based on the use of single domain llama antibodies (SdAb) that are capable of circumventing most of the these limitations. Phage libraries from immunized llamas were used to select two sdAbs directed against the FcγRIIIA expressed by NK cells and macrophages (with different affinities for FcγRIII), as well as one SdAb directed against the tumor antigen carcinoembryonic (CEA). Using CH1 and Ck domains of human IgG1 as a motif for heterodimerization and sdabs previously selected, we have developed innovative anti-CEA and anti-FcγRIII formats of bispecific antibodies Fab-like named bsFabs. These molecules are easy to produce, very stable and can trigger tumor cell lysis by human NK cells at picomolar concentrations. They do not bind FcγRIIB inhibitory receptor, do not compete with serum IgG and their cytotoxic activity is independent of FcγRIIIA polymorphism. In addition, they slow tumor growth in mouse model. In terms of pharmacokinetics, although bsFabs have a reasonable tumor retention, one of the limitations of these formats is size, which leads to rapid renal elimination. Such findings led us to consider the creation of new antibody formats to both increase tumor retention and secondly the half-life of antibodies in the body

Le myélome multiple (MM) est une maladie hématologique caractérisée par la prolifération anormale de plasmocytes tumoraux dans la moelle osseuse (MO). Les traitements actuels, qui incluent les inhibiteurs du protéasome et les agents immunomodulateurs, ont amélioré la qualité de la réponse et de la survie des patients. Cependant, ils ne permettent pas de guérir les malades, et certains sous-groupes présentent des rechutes rapides, des chimiorésistances et un faible taux de survie. Des stratégies immuno-thérapeutiques ont été récemment développées pour compléter les traitements anti-tumoraux conventionnels. Dans les hémopathies malignes, l'utilisation d’anticorps bi- et tri-spécifiques a permis des régressions tumorales chez des patients en rechute. Ces molécules reconnaissent des protéines exprimées, d’une part par les cellules tumorales, et, d’autre part, par des cellules immunitaires cytotoxiques du malade. Des essais cliniques réalisés avec des anticorps bispécifiques de type Bispecific T-cell Engagers (BiTEs), reconnaissant l’antigène CD19 à la surface des cellules tumorales et l’antigène CD3 à la surface des lymphocytes T, se sont révélés efficaces, notamment dans le traitement des leucémies aiguës lymphoblastiques B. Une stratégie similaire, ciblant des antigènes présents sur les plasmocytes tumoraux pourrait être adaptée au traitement du MM.Nous avons développé des BiTEs dirigés contre les plasmocytes tumoraux des patients atteints de MM. Ces molécules reconnaissent, d’une part, l’antigène CD38, fortement exprimé à la surface des plasmocytes tumoraux, et, d’autre part, recrutent et activent les lymphocytes T via leurs récepteurs CD3e. Nos résultats montrent que ce BiTE, Bi38-3, est capable de reconnaître spécifiquement les plasmocytes tumoraux. En présence de ce BiTE, les lymphocytes T issus de donneurs sains sont capables de développer une forte activité cytotoxique spécifiquement contre les lignées cellulaires de MM in vitro. D’une façon intéressante, le Bi38-3 ne présente pas d’effet cytotoxique contre les cellules B, T et NK qui expriment de faibles niveaux de CD38 en comparaison des cellules de MM. Enfin, le Bi38-3 est capable de contrôler de manière efficace la croissance tumorale dans un modèle murin de xénogreffe de cellules myélomateuses.Ces résultats démontrent que Bi38-3 représente un nouvel agent immuno-thérapeutique anti-myélomateux, qui, utilisé seul ou en association avec les immuno-modulateurs, pourrait améliorer le pronostic des malades réfractaires aux traitements actuellement disponibles
Multiple Myeloma (MM) is a hematological malignancy characterized by the uncontrolled proliferation of clonal tumor plasma cells in the bone marrow. Current treatments, including proteasome inhibitors and immunomodulatory drugs, have improved response and survival rates. However, these treatments are not able to cure patients and sub-groups of patients still show rapid relapse, chemo resistance and low survival rates.Recently, novel immunotherapeutic strategies have been developed to complement these conventional treatments. Bi-and Tri-Specific antibodies have shown to efficiently reduce tumor growth in different hematological diseases. These antibodies on one hand recognize proteins that are expressed on the surface of the tumor cells and on the other hand proteins that are expressed on the surface of cytotoxic cells of the immune system. Clinical trials carried out using BiTEs (Bispecific T-cell Engagers) that recognize CD19 on the surface of tumor cells and CD3 on the surface of T cells, have shown efficient treatment of B acute lymphoblastic leukemia. These promising results have prompted similar strategies targeting antigens expressed on the surface of tumor cells in MM. We have built a new BiTE antibody (Bi38-3), that targets CD38, an antigen highly expressed on tumor plasma cells and also recruits and activate T cells through CD3e. Our results demonstrate that Bi38-3 specifically recognizes malignant plasma cells. We showed that this antibody stimulated cell-lytic activity of T cells isolated from healthy donors against MM cell lines in vitro. In the presence of these antibodies we observed that T cells, isolated from healthy donors, have a lytic effect on MM cell lines in vitro. Interestingly, Bi38-3 does not exhibit cytotoxic effect against B, T and NK cells that express low levels of CD38 compared to MM cell lines. These results have been confirmed using T cells and tumor plasma cells isolated from newly diagnosed and relapsed MM patients. Moreover, Bi38-3 is able to efficiently reduce myeloma tumor growth in a MM pre-clinical mouse xenograft model.Altogether, these results suggest that Bi38-3 represents a promising new immunotherapeutic drug for the treatment of MM that could be used either alone or in combination with immunomodulatory drugs, to improve the prognosis of relapsed or refractory patients

Le système immunitaire protège un organisme du développement de pathogènes et participe activement au maintien de la tolérance immunitaire. Les cellules dendritiques (DC) sont des cellules spécialisées dans l’équilibre pro et anti-inflammatoire de la réponse immunitaire. Les DC jouent un rôle important dans de nombreux contextes pathologiques notamment la transplantation d’organes, en oncologie et dans les pathologies inflammatoires. Elles sont modulables grâce à divers facteurs, intrinsèques et extrinsèques. Parce qu’elles sont capables d’induire une réponse tolérogène, ces cellules représentent des cibles intéressantes pour moduler la réponse immunitaire dans le contexte de la transplantation d’organes et des pathologies inflammatoires. Certains agents pathogènes utilisent des mécanismes d’échappement au système immunitaire en favorisant l’induction d’une tolérance immunitaire. Cette modulation est réalisée par le ciblage des récepteurs de reconnaissance des pathogènes (PRR) sur la présence des DC, induisant la synthèse d’une cytokine antiinflammatoire IL-10, un des inducteurs de la tolérance immunitaire. Notre stratégie a été de construire un anticorps bispécifique ciblant deux PRR différents à partir d’une banque d’anticorps anti-PRR. Notre travail montre que cet anticorps bispécifique est capable d’orienter les DC vers d’un profil tolérogène. Cet anticorps bispécifique induit un phénotype de DC semi-mature avec un profil de sécrétion pro-tolérogène avec de l’IL-10 et peu de cytokines inflammatoires. Le profil de tolérance immunitaire induite par ces cellules reste à explorer. Nos travaux ouvrent de perspectives intéressantes sur l’association des PRR en vue d’obtenir la modulation des cellules de l’immunité
The immune system protects an organism from the development of pathogens and actively participates in maintaining immune tolerance. Dendritic cells (DC) are specialized cells in the balance and anti-inflammatory immune response. DC play an important role in many pathological contexts, including organ transplantation, oncology and inflammatory diseases. Various factors, both intrinsic and extrinsic, can modulate. Because they are capable to inducing a tolerogenic response, these cells represent interesting targets for the immune response in the context of organ transplantation and in inflammatory pathologies. Some pathogens use mechanisms of escape to the immune system by promoting the induction of immune tolerance. This modulation is achieved by targeting the pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs) present on the surface of DC, inducing the synthesis of an anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, one of the main inducers of immune tolerance. Our strategy was to construct a bispecific antibody targeting two different PPRs from an anti-PRR antibody library. Our work shows that this bispecific antibody is able to direct the DC to a pro-tolerogenic profile. This bispecific antibody induces a semi-mature DC phenotype with a secretion profile of pro-tolerogenic cytokines such as IL-10 and few inflammatory cytokines. The immune tolerance profile of these DC remains to be explored. Our work opens interesting perspectives on the association of PRRs in order to obtain the modulation of the cells of the immunity

Stimuler la réponse immunitaire anti-tumorale constitue une voie d’avenir indiscutable pour le traitement des cancers. Aujourd'hui, les thérapies ciblées à base d'anticorps ont une place majeure dans l’immunothérapie des cancers du sein de par leur impact positif sur le pronostic des patientes. Cependant, les cancers du sein triple négatifs (TNBC) résistent aux innovations thérapeutiques actuelles, et, par défaut de traitement ciblé efficace, restent de sombre pronostic. Notre équipe développe des stratégies d’immunothérapie à base d'anticorps bispécifiques (bsFabs) conçus à partir de fragments d'anticorps de camélidés qui présentent la particularité de cibler simultanément les cellules immunitaires et tumorales. Ainsi, mon projet visait à évaluer le potentiel anti-tumoral de deux bsFabs sur des modèles précliniques de TNBC à travers leur capacité à activer et à rediriger le système immunitaire contre les cellules tumorales. La finalité du projet est de proposer un nouvel axe de thérapie ciblée susceptible d'améliorer le pronostic des patientes atteintes de TNBC
Mounting evidence of the key contribution of NK cells in immunity against cancer has boosted the investigations on NK cell-based therapies. Among these strategies, monoclonal antibody-based therapeutics (mAbs) are currently the fastest growing segment of the medicine market. Despite therapeutic innovations, triple negative breast cancers (TNBC) remain insensitive to the current targeted or hormono-therapies. Our objective is to manipulate NK cell functions and tumor targets using an original format of nanobody-based bispecific antibodies (bsFab) to revert the dampened immune response for treating TNBC. Thus, we generate two bsFabs able to crosslink NK and tumor cells. NK antitumor effects driven by mAbs and bsFabs, alone or in combination, were investigated in vitro and in vivo on preclinical TNBC models. Here, we demonstrate the potential of bsFabs to enlarge the number of patients eligible for breast cancer immunotherapy and prompt to consider combination strategies

L’induction de tolérance immune reste un challenge important dans le domaine de la transplantation d’organe, des maladies auto-immunes et inflammatoires. Les cellules Dendritiques (DCs), piliers de la réponse immunitaire, jouent un rôle crucial aussi bien dans l’induction d’une immunité spécifique que dans celle d’une tolérance immune. Chez l’homme, il existe au moins quatre types de DCs effectrices majeures, les DCs conventionnelles (cDC), les DCs Plasmacytoïdes (pDCs), les DCs inflammatoires (MoDCS) et les cellules de Langerhans (LCs). L'objectif du projet est de préparer différents sous-types de DCs (cDC, moDCs, pDC, moLCs) afin d’analyser leurs capacités à synthétiser de l’IL-10 et à s’orienter vers un profil pro tolérogène grâce au ciblage des PRRs avec des fragments d'anticorps. La différenciation des moDCs et moLCs est faite à partir de monocytes CD14+ isolés des PBMCs, en présence des cytokines spécifiques. La purification des pDC est faite avec des billes anti-BDCA-2 à partir des PBMC. Pour chacun des types de DCs, un anticorps bispécifique (BsAb) ciblant les PRRs est construit. L'effet des BsAb sur les DCs est analysé au niveau phénotypique par l'expression des marqueurs de co-stimulation et de maturation (CD83, CD86, HLA-DR, CD25) et la sécrétion des cytokines pro ou anti-inflammatoires (IL-10, TGF-ß, Il-12p70, IFN-/). L’induction de lymphocytes T-régulateur est étudiée par co-culture in vitro des DCs traitées par BsAb et des lymphocytes T naïfs allogéniques
Dendritic cells (DCs) have a central role in immunity and induce both specific immunity and immune tolerance thanks to their surface pathogen receptors (PPRs). The immune tolerance induced by tolerant DCs (Tol-DCs) appears as an interesting way to explore in order to improve the long-term transplantation outcome. Four DC subsets, at least, have been identified including conventional DCs (BDCA-1; BDCA-3), plasmacytoid DCs (pDC), Inflammatory DCs(MoDC) and Langerhans cells (LC). For each DC subset, an array of pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs) have been identified on their surface. The PRRs profile differs between DC subsets providing an individual responsiveness to target specific pathogens as well as to trigger and modulate immunological responses. The aim is to target DC subset PRRs by bispecific antibodies (BsAb) in order to induce physiological tolerance. Monocyte derived DC (moDC) and monocyte derived Langerhans DC (moLC) were obtained from CD14+ cells. The plasmacytoïd DC (pDC) were purified from an enriched DC cells fraction obtained by Percoll® gradient of PBMCs. The moDC, pDC and moLC subsets were analyzed by phenotype labelling and FACS. A Bispecific Ab (tandem scFv) were built to target PRR on DC subsets. The tandem is made of 2 scFv of 55KDa. The BsAb were produced using insect S2 (BIC05) or CHO cell (BIC15 or BIC25) and purified by protein L column. Each scFV recognize a PRR on DC. Each BsAb have been evaluated on its DC target and on PBMC at the phenotypic and functional levels by evaluating the maturation markers (CD83, CD86, CD25 and HLA-DR), cytokine secretions (IL-10, IL-12p70 and IFN- ) and the capacity to activate naïve T-cell as well as to induce regulatory T-cell (Treg)

Le trastuzumab est le traitement de référence des cancers du sein « HER2 amplifié ». Outre les limitations inhérentes à toute IgG, cet anticorps est inefficace pour traiter les tumeurs exprimant que modérément (cancers hormonaux) ou faiblement (triple négatif) HER2. L'objectif de ces travaux de thèse est de concevoir de nouveaux anticorps bispécifiques destinés au traitement de cancers du sein échappant à l'action du trastuzumab. Nous nous sommes appuyés sur des formats innovants, basés sur l'utilisation d'anticorps simple domaine de lama (sdAb) comme unité de reconnaissance antigénique. Deux anticorps bispécifiques Fab-like (bsFab) ont été développés, l'un dirigé contre HER2 (HER2bsFab) et l'autre ciblant la mésothéline (MesobsFab), un antigène surexprimé dans 30 à 70% des cancers du sein « triple négatif ». En liant spécifiquement et de façon efficace FcγRIII, ces deux bsFabs ne compètent pas avec les IgG endogènes, ne fixent pas FcγRIIB et activent fortement les NKs. In vitro, HER2bsFab induit de fortes sécrétions de cytokines pro-inflammatoires et de puissantes ADCCs contre des lignées de cancer du sein indépendamment du niveau d'expression d'HER2 et du polymorphisme FcγRIIIA-158. In vivo, HER2bsFab montre une nette supériorité comparé au trastuzumab contre des tumeurs ne surexprimant que modérément HER2. HER2bsFab et MesobsFab induisent in vitro de fortes cytotoxicités contre deux lignées de cancer du sein « triple négatif » et des résultats préliminaires réalisés chez la souris semblent confirmer ces observations. A termes, l'utilisation de ces anticorps permettrait d'étendre la proportion de patientes traitables de façon efficace par immunothérapie
Trastuzumab is established as standard of care for the treatment of HER2high breast cancers. However, in addition to Fc-related limitations inherent to IgG antibodies, trastuzumab is inefficient to treat low- (triple-negative) or moderate-HER2-overexpressing (hormone-receptor-positive) breast cancers. Based on the unique structural and functional properties of llama single domain antibodies (sdAbs), we report the design of two Fab-like bispecific antibodies targeted to HER2 (HER2bsFab) and mesothelin (MesobsFab), an antigen overexpressed in several human tumors, including triple-negative breast cancers. The two bsFabs display a unique, specific and high affinity for FcγRIII. As a consequence, they do not bind the FcγRIIB inhibitor receptor and bypass competition with endogenous IgGs. HER2bsFab mediated ADCC at picomolar concentration against HER2high as well as HER2moderate cell lines. In vivo HER2bsFab potently inhibited HER2high tumor growth and more importantly, exhibited a net superiority over trastuzumab at inhibiting HER2moderate tumor growth. Moreover, FcγRIIIA-engagement by HER2bsFab was independent of FcγRIIIA-158 polymorphism and induced a stronger NK cells activation in response to target cell recognition. Such findings led us to investigating the efficacy of bsFabs in a context of low-HER2-overexpression displays by triple-negative breast cancers. In vitro characterization showed that both HER2bsFab and MesobsFab trigger efficient lysis of two different triple-negative breast cancer cell lines. Altogether, these findings would enable the treatment of a broader population of patients than that eligible with current HER2-targeted therapies

Introdução: a pandemia de covid-19 exigiu o desenvolvimento acelerado de métodos de tratamento eficazes. Dentre esses métodos, destacamos o anticorpo monoclonal, uma técnica de imunização passiva com resultados promissores. Objetivos: relatar a eficácia do tratamento para covid-19 com anticorpo monoclonal atualmente. Material e métodos: realizou-se uma revisão de literatura nas plataformas de pesquisa PubMed e SciELO combinando os seguintes descritores em inglês: Monoclonal Antibodies, Coronavirus Infections, Immunotoxins e “Antibodies, Bispecific”. Após a pesquisa inicial, localizou-se 52 artigos científicos de estudos clínicos randomizados completos gratuitos e publicados há 1 ano. Por fim, excluiu-se os textos não relacionados ao tema ou contendo dados secundários. Resultados: obteve-se 6 textos e segmentou-se os resultados em critérios clínicos para verificar a eficácia do tratamento. Dessa forma, verificou-se o total de 1.514 pacientes avaliados no conjunto dos textos; das intervenções: 3 experimentos utilizaram tocilizumabe 8 mg/kg; 1 combinou favipiravir 600-1600 mg duas vezes ao dia com tocilizumabe 4-8 mg intravenosa; 1 utilizou o anticorpo neutralizante LY-CoV555 em uma das três doses (700 mg, 2.800 mg ou 7.000 mg); e 1 utilizou a combinação de anticorpos monoclonais REGN-COV2 em uma dose de 2,4 g (dose baixa) ou REGN-COV2 em uma dose de 8,0 g (dose alta) aplicados por infusão intravenosa. Sobre a eficácia, em síntese, apontou-se que a utilização de favipiravir com tocilizumabe obteve resultados animadores em relação a inflamação pulmonar e inibir deterioração pela doença, porém a utilização isolada de tocilizumabe não demonstrou melhoras na redução do tempo de remissão da doença ou do número de infectados, além de poder ser maléfico em uso prolongado, apesar disso, houve melhora em relação à mortalidade e necessidade de uso de ventilação mecânica; quanto a utilização de LY-CoV555 e REGN-COV2 houve redução da carga viral, como também, acelerou o declínio natural da doença. Conclusão: a utilização de anticorpos monoclonais pode ser eficaz para diminuir a mortalidade em pacientes internados, evitar a necessidade de ventilação mecânica e acelerar recuperação dos pacientes acometidos por covid-19, porém ainda há a necessidade de novas pesquisas para sustentar esses resultados.

Introdução: Desde do início da pandemia de COVID-19, foi exigido um rápido avanço da indústria farmacêutica, com a finalidade de achar tratamentos eficazes para o novo coronavírus e quais seriam os possíveis efeitos adversos ligados a estes fármacos. Dentro destes efeitos adversos, deve ser avaliado os riscos e os benefícios voltados à imunoterapia com anticorpos. Objetivos: Relatar as reações adversas do tratamento para COVID-19 por imunoterapia com anticorpos monoclonais e policlonais. Material e métodos: Realizamos uma revisão de literatura na plataforma de pesquisa PubMed combinando os descritores Monoclonal Antibodies, Immunotoxins, “Antibodies, Bispecific”eCoronavirusInfectionsdeestudosclínicosrandomizadosgratuitos completos publicados há 1 ano. Excluindo os textos não relacionados ao tema ou contendo dados secundários. Resultados: Obteve-se 9 artigos, nos quais foram descritos efeitos adversos destas medicações, e entre eles, consequências graves, como morte. Teve também em um artigo que relata não ter efeito adverso relacionado ao plasma e um outro artigo que não relatou efeitos adversos. Dessa forma, observamos que no LY-CoV555 os efeitos mais comuns foram náusea; no grupo REGN-CO2 foram reações de hipersensibilidade de grau 2; no grupo do Tocilizumabe os efeitos adversos relatados foram morte, hipersensibilidade a infusão, infecções, trombose, embolia pulmonar, acidente vascular cerebral, além de terem descrito que em pacientes graves aumentou a mortalidade comparado ao tratamento padrão; no grupo Tocilizumabe com Favipiravir, foi relatado efeitos comuns como aumento da transaminase, diarreia e hiperuricemia, não teve nenhuma reação adversa grave e as demais reações aliviaram com o tempo.

Introdução: Na busca por tratamentos eficazes contra a covid-19, as terapias com anticorpos monoclonais e policlonais surgiram como um candidatos promissores. As terapias à base de anticorpos policlonais surgem como alternativa mais barata que as de anticorpos monoclonais. Objetivos: Relatar a eficácia do tratamento para covid-19 com anticorpos policlonais. Material e métodos: Realizou-se uma busca nas bases de dados do PubMed e SciELO combinando os descritores Monoclonal Antibodies, Coronavirus Infections, Coronavirus Infections, Immunotoxins, Antibodies, Bispecific, Coronavirus Infections. Foram utilizados filtros com busca preferencial por ensaios clínicos randomizados com até 1 ano de publicação. Localizou-se 52 estudos, da qual foram excluídos artigos não relacionados ao tema. Resultados: Obteve-se 5 estudos e a fim de avaliar a eficácia, segmentou-se em critérios clínicos. Dentre os 5 estudos, 3 avaliaram a terapia com plasma convalescente e 2 avaliaram a terapia com imunoglobulina intravenosa (IGIV). Cada estudo utilizou titulações e dosagens distintas, além de administrações em períodos diferentes. Dentre os estudos que avaliaram a eficácia da terapia com plasma convalescente, não verificou-se diminuição significativa da mortalidade geral e progressão da doença; contudo, em um dos trabalhos, observou-se que a administração precoce de plasma convalescente de alta titulação contra SARS-CoV-2 em idosos com infecção moderada reduziu a progressão da doença. Entre os dois estudos que avaliaram a eficácia da IGIV, um estudo relatou diminuição significativa da taxa de mortalidade hospitalar. Um dos trabalhos avaliou a eficácia da combinação da IGIV com outros medicamentos, relatando a ausência de efeito benéfico, não apontando melhora perceptível na taxa de mortalidade; no entanto, verificou-se que, quanto menor o tempo desde a admissão até a infusão de IGIV, menor o tempo de internação hospitalar. Conclusão: A terapia com plasma convalescente não foi capaz de reduzir de forma significativa a mortalidade e progressão da doença, enquanto a terapia com imunoglobulina intravenosa (IGIV) foi capaz de reduzir de forma significativa a taxa de mortalidade hospitalar. Contudo, em virtude do pequeno número de estudos, é necessário novos estudos a fim de embasar a eficácia das tratamentos com anticorpos policlonais na covid-19.