Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Anticonvulsants'
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Da, Costa Neil C. "The synthesis of potential anticonvulsants via 2-chloroamides." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.314617.
Full textTan, Shiou Shiou. "Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modelling of anti-allodynic effects of gabapentin and oxycodone in a rodent model of persistent neuropathic pain /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe19074.pdf.
Full textEriksson, Ann-Sofie. "A pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study of an antiepileptic drug (lamotrigine) in young patients with drug-resistant generalized epilepsy /." Stockholm, 2000. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2000/91-628-4205-6/.
Full textShah, Vibhakar Jayantilal. "Synthesis of cannabidiol stereoisomers and analogs as potential anticonvulsant agents." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184523.
Full textAcheampong, Andrew Adu. "Quantitative structure-anticonvulsant activity studies of valproic acid analogues." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/25552.
Full textPharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of
Graduate
Mana, Michael Joseph. "Contingent and pharmacologic tolerance to the anticonvulsant effects of antiepileptic drugs." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/31438.
Full textArts, Faculty of
Psychology, Department of
[title page not included]
Graduate
Dhillon, Arvinder. "Short-term, frequency-dependent changes in synaptic transmission in the rat entorhinal cortex in vitro." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308860.
Full textBarkley, Angela. "The design and synthesis of anticonvulsants based on natural toxins." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ31915.pdf.
Full textKroetz, Deanna L. "Inhibition of human liver microsomal epoxide hydrolase /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7958.
Full textWhite, David Charles. "Synthesis of 3-Aryl-2-(2-aryl-2-oxoethyl)pyrido[2,3-d]-4(3H)pyrimidones and 3-Aryl-2-(2-arylethenyl)pyrido[2,3-d]-4(3H)pyrimidones as Potential Antiepileptic Drugs." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/46506.
Full textMaster of Science
Lindberger, Martin. "Monitoring of antiepileptic drugs using microdialysis : methodological and clinical aspects /." Stockholm : [Karolinska institutets bibl.], 2002. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2002/91-7349-338-4/.
Full textYip, Fung-ping. "Comparison of hormone profiles in Chinese adult epilepsy patients treated with Sodium Valproate or lamotrigine monotherapy a prospective randomised trial /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B4175797X.
Full textPuthucode, Ramanan Narayan. "Design and synthesis of some aryloxyaryl semicarbazones and related compounds as novel anticonvulsants." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1996. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq24036.pdf.
Full textÖhman, Inger. "Newer antiepileptic drugs in women of child-bearing age : pharmacokinetic studies during pregnancy, breastfeeding, and contraception /." Stockholm, 2006. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2006/91-7357-046-X/.
Full textYip, Fung-ping, and 葉鳳萍. "Comparison of hormone profiles in Chinese adult epilepsy patients treated with Sodium Valproate or lamotrigine monotherapy: a prospective randomised trial." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B4175797X.
Full textLevin, April Robyn. "Early Seizure Blockade: Preventing Long-Term Epileptic Activity in Wag/Rij Rats." Yale University, 2008. http://ymtdl.med.yale.edu/theses/available/etd-08152007-130206/.
Full textErrington, Adam C., and n/a. "Electrophysiological studies on the mechanism of action of the novel antiepileptic drug lacosamide." University of Otago. Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, 2007. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20080613.162038.
Full textShim, Stacey. "Alterations of the Monoaminergic Systems in the Rat Brain by Sustained Administration of Carisbamate and Lamotrigine." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/23478.
Full textCharlton, Rachel. "The general practice research database as an alternative to registries for studying drug safety in pregnancy : anticonvulsants as a case study." Thesis, University of Bath, 2012. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.557803.
Full textKoller, Anthony. "The newer anticonvulsants in the treatment of generalised anxiety disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/23047.
Full textMyllynen, P. (Päivi). "In search of models for hepatic and placental pharmacokinetics." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2003. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514270231.
Full textHurst, Susan I. "Roles of cytochromes P450 and microsomal epoxide hydrolase in drug-drug interactions involving valporic acid and its analogues /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7940.
Full textCunningham, Mark Oliver. "Patch clamp studies of the effects of anticonvulsants on glutamate and GABA release in the rat entorhinal cortex in vitro." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.364923.
Full textTeär, Fahnehjelm Kristina. "Posterior ocular malformations in children : teratological aspects /." Stockholm, 2003. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2003/91-7349-470-4.
Full textLeroy, Brendan A. "Immunological characterization and localization of cell cycle regulatory proteins in preimplantation mouse embryos." Virtual Press, 1999. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1125138.
Full textDepartment of Biology
Dandekar, Sushama A. "Studies of intramolecular SRN1 reactions of carbanions derived from 2-(o-halobenzyl)amides and 3-(o-halobenzyl)imides: application to the synthesis of succinimido[3,4-b]indane, a potential anticonvulsant." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/40096.
Full textTaveira, Ana Claudia de Almeida. "Atitude do psiquiatra brasileiro frente ao uso de lítio e outros estabilizadores do humor no transtorno bipolar." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5142/tde-28092007-143040/.
Full textObjective: Identify preferred drugs to treat bipolar disorder in Brazil and the impressions of Brazilian psychiatrits about lithium therapy. Methods: A 14 items multiple-choice questionnaire was developed to answer this issue. Questionnaires were posted to 10,059 Brazilian psychiatrists. Results: 820 psychiatrists (8.6%) have answered the questionnaires. Lithium was the preferred medication used in all phases of the disorder. Antipsychotics were second choice in treatment of mania, overcoming anticonvulsants. Antidepressants were the second more used medication for depressive episode. More than 80% of psychiatrists believe that lithium is a safe drug and there is no difficult to handle with. Epidemiological characteristics such region of origen, high degree, large clinical practice and academic interests may influenced those results. Conclusion: Lithium is the first line drug to treat bipolar disorder in Brazil, despite what occur in others countries. Although this favorable panel, some difficults can be identified as mental health professional and patients\' lack of information about lithium.
Persson, Håkan. "Autonomic cardiac control in patients with epilepsy : spectral analysis of heart rate variability /." Stockholm, 2006. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2006/91-7140-963-7/.
Full textLopes, Luciano da Silva. "Estudo do efeito analgÃsico do topiramato em modelos de dor aguda e neuropatia diabÃtica." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2007. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=869.
Full textNo presente estudo, o Topiramato (TP) foi avaliado em modelos de dor aguda e de dor neuropÃtica diabÃtica. Camundongos Swiss machos foram utilizados nos testes de nocicepÃÃo aguda (formalina, placa quente e capsaicina) e ratos Wistar machos no teste de dor neuropÃtica (filamentos de von Frey). No teste da formalina (2 %; 20 ÂL/i.pl.), foi quantificado o tempo que o animal lambia a pata que recebeu o estÃmulo durante 0-10 min (fase 01) e 20-40 min (fase 02). Os resultados mostraram uma reduÃÃo na segunda fase (***p<0,001) nas trÃs doses utilizadas do TP, enquanto que apenas a maior dose mostrou efeito na primeira fase do teste (***p<0,001). O efeito do TP (80 mg/Kg) foi revertido pela naloxona 2 mg/Kg na segunda fase do teste da formalina , mas nÃo pela glibenclamida 3mg/Kg, ciproeptadina 5 mg/Kg e ondansetrona 0,5 mg/Kg quando comparado com o controle em ambas as fases. No teste da placa quente (52Â) foi verificada a reaÃÃo do camundongo ao estÃmulo tÃrmico onde o animal responde tentando pular ou lamber uma de suas patas traseiras. Os animais foram submetidos a placa aos 00, 30, 60, 120 e 240 min apÃs os tratamentos e comparou-se os grupos que receberam TP nas diferentes doses ( 20, 40 e 80 mg/Kg) e o grupo controle. Nesse modelo, TP demonstrou atividade aos 90 e 120min (**p<0,01; ***p<0,001) apenas na maior dose utilizada (80 mg/Kg). Em outro protocolo, os animais receberam capsaicina (20 ÂL, 2 Âg/ i.pl), sendo quantificado o tempo durante 5 min que estes lamberam ou morderam a pata estimulada, com comparaÃÃo posterior entre os grupos NÃo se verificou efeito significativo de TP em todas as doses utilizadas quando comparado com o controle. Para avaliaÃÃo da aÃÃo antinociceptiva em dor neuropÃtica, os animais foram inicialmente induzidos a diabetes com estreptozotocina 40 mg/Kg i.p e apÃs trinta dias foram submetidos ao teste com filamentos de von. NÃo se verificou efeito significativo do TP nas doses utilizadas quando comparado com o controle. O TP nÃo alterou a freqÃÃncia de locomoÃÃo dos animais no teste do campo aberto e no teste do Rota rod e nÃo aumentou o nÃmero de quedas nem diminuiu o tempo de permanÃncia na barra giratÃria, sugerindo que o TP nÃo exerce sua atividade antinociceptiva por aÃÃo depressora ou relaxante muscular. Em conclusÃo, a partir desses resultados podemos sugerir que o TP apresenta efeito antinociceptivo frente a diferentes estÃmulos de dor aguda, mas nÃo na dor neuropÃtica diabÃtica. O efeito analgÃsico nos testes de dor aguda, provavelmente envolve sistema opiÃide, porÃm nÃo os canais de potÃssio sensÃveis ao ATP e sistema serotoninÃrgico
In the present study, Topiramate (TP) was evaluated in acute pain and diabetic neuropathic animal models. Male Swiss mice were used in the tests of acute nocicepcion (formalin, hot plat and capsaicin) e male Wistar rats in the neuropathic pain test (filaments of von Frey). In the formalin test (2%, 20 ÂL/i.pl), it was measured the time spent by the animal licking the left hind paw which received the stimulation during 0-10 min (phase 01) and 20-40 min (phase 02).The results showed a reduction of the second phase (*** p<0.001) in the three doses used of TP while only the biggest dose showed effect in the first stage of test (*** p< 0.001). The TP effect (80 mg/Kg) was reverted by naloxone 2 mg/kg in the second phase of the test of the formalin, but not for glibenclamide 3 mg/kg, cyproeptadine 5 mg/kg and ondansetron 0.5 mg/kg when compared to control in both phases. In the hot plate test (52Â) was analysed the reaction of the mouse to the thermal stimulation where the animal respond tryning to jump or to lick one of its brack legs. The animals had been submitted the plate to 00, 30, 60 and 120 min after the treatments and compared the groups that had received TP in the different doses (20,40 e 80 mg/kg). The results showed, TP demonstrated activity to 90 and 120 min (**p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001) only in the biggest dose used (80mg/kg). In another protocol, the animals received capsaicin (20 ÂL/2Âg/i.pl), but the results ere not significant. For evaluations of the antinociceceptive action in neuropathic pain, the animals had been initially induced diabetes with streptozotocine 40 mg/Kg i.p. and after thirty days had been submitted to the test with filaments of von Frey. No significant effect of TP was observed in all doses used when compared with the controls. TP did not modify the frequency of locomotion of the animals in the open field and presented no effect in the Rota rod test suggesting that the TP does not exert its analgesic effect by depressive actions or relaxant muscular activity. In conclusion, the results may suggest that TP presents antinociceptive effect front the different stimulations of acute pain, but not in diabetic neuropathic pain. The analgesic effect in acute pain, probably involves system opioid, and seems do not involve potassium canals or serotoninergic system
Englund, Marita. "Effects of hypoxia and antiepileptic drugs on electrophysiological properties of CA1 neurons in hippocampus /." Stockholm, 2007. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2007/978-91-7357-237-8/.
Full textMedeiros, Palas Atenéia Dantas de. "Estudo clínico-laboratorial do uso de fenobarbital como anticonvulsivante entre pacientes do Hospital Universitário Alcides Carneiro (HUAC)." Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, 2014. http://tede.bc.uepb.edu.br/tede/jspui/handle/tede/2606.
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Proeac/Proapex - UEPB
Introduction: This study characterized the profile of patients treated at the “Alcides Carneiro” University Hospital (HUAC), users of phenobarbital in order to support actions of therapeutic drug monitoring. Methods: Fifty patients were interviewed using a standardized questionnaire. Results: It was observed that 50% of patients have been using the drug for a long time (7.68 years on average). About 74% of respondents are under monotherapy and 59.5% of these have their seizures controlled. The patients under monotherapy have more chance of success in controlling seizures. The main anticonvulsant drug combination observed was phenobarbital with carbamazepine (66% of patients). Sedation and dizziness are among the main adverse effects, reported by 34% of patients. Monotherapy seems to be a protective factor only for adverse effect dizziness (OR=3.1). Conclusions: The analysis of these and other results presented in this paper may be useful in promoting rational use of anticonvulsants at the HUAC.
Este trabalho caracteriza o perfil clínico e epidemiológico dos pacientes atendidos no Hospital Universitário Alcides Carneiro (HUAC), que usam fenobarbital como anticonvulsivante, a fim de subsidiar ações de monitorização terapêutica. Entrevistou-se 50 pacientes, de 2011 a 2012, mediante um questionário padronizado. Observou-se que, 74% dos entrevistados estão sob monoterapia e 59,5% destes possuem suas crises controladas. Nos pacientes sob politerapia (26%) o índice de controle das crises é de 23,07%. É possível afirmar que pacientes sob monoterapia têm mais chance de sucesso no controle das crises convulsivas (Odds Ratio = 4,400). A principal associação anticonvulsivante observada foi do fenobarbital com a carbamazepina (66%). Entre os efeitos adversos relatados destacam-se a sedação e a tontura (34% dos pacientes). A monoterapia parece se constituir como fator de proteção apenas para o efeito adverso tontura (OR de 3,1). Esses resultados poderão ser úteis na promoção do uso racional de anticonvulsivantes no HUAC.
Fischer, Wolfgang, Heike Franke, Ute Krügel, Heiko Müller, Klaus Dinkel, Brian Lord, Michael A. Letavic, David C. Henshall, and Tobias Engel. "Critical evaluation of P2X7 receptor antagonists in selected seizure models." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-206115.
Full textRodrigues, Marcelo Cairrão Araujo. "Análise neuroetológica e estudo da atividade pró-convulsivante e anticonvulsivante in vivo da peçonha bruta da aranha Parawixia bistriata em ratos: injeção central e periférica." Universidade de São Paulo, 1999. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/59/59134/tde-13022003-091530/.
Full textSpider venoms have hight affinity and specificity for neuronal receptors, transporters and ion channels, therefore been important tools to characterize mammal and insect nervous system. However, behavioural alterations in mammals caused by injections of spider venoms have not been studied in detail. In this work we describe the rat behavioural alteration caused by central injection of the crude venom of the spider Parawixia bistriata, using a neuroethological methodology. There were seen two types of seizures, named mild and severe. Neuroethological flowcharts showed that in mild seizures, there was a strong statistical correlation (c2) between tremor followed by laying or by laying left, which indicates that the venom, perhaps, is difficulting central coordination of movements. In severe seizures, this effect is enworsed, with the animal falling.This type of seizure are similar to those described by Racine (1972). Since the crude venom of P. bistriata showed a potencial anticonvulsant activity in vitro, we tested if it would indeed inhibit clonic and tonic convulsions induced by pentilenetetrazole (PTZ; 80 mg/kg, i.p.). Boiled crude venom of P. bistriata was i.c.v. injected, and 20 minutes later, animals (n=10) received PTZ. A control group (n=10) received only PTZ. The results were: central injection of the venom abolished clonic and tonic convulsions induced by PTZ, in 60% of the animals. In conclusion, the crude spider venom of P. bistriata, centrally injected, causes central loss of movement coordination, and elicits limbic seizures similar to those described by Racine (1972), but, when boiled and injected in lower doses, it blocks clonic and tonic convulsions induced by PTZ (80 mg/kg).
Wallin, Johan. "Experimental nerve injury-induced pain : mechanisms and modulation/." Stockholm, 2004. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2004/91-7349-849-1/.
Full textCampos, Marília Silveira de Almeida. "Comparação da eficácia e tolerabilidade dos fármacos antiepilépticos : revisão sistemática com meta-análises." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/158714.
Full textOBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy and tolerability of the antiepileptic drugs (AED) in monotherapy of patients with focal or generalized epilepsy. METHODS: A systematic review was in the Medline/Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science and Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials databases. We included randomized clinical trials of patients with epilepsy treated with oral monotherapy AED, which evaluated number of patients becoming seizure free at the maintenance treatment period; number of patients which withdrawals from the study because of therapeutic inefficacy and number of patients which withdrawals from the study because of intolerable adverse reaction. Network meta-analyses were performed using Bayesian random effects model. We also carried out a ranking of the probability of each AED be the best option in the efficacy and tolerability outcomes. Sensitivity analyses were conducted in order to check the robustness of the results. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The research identified 18,874 publications, but only 71 studies were selected, comprising 17555 patients with epilepsy.Twenty-nine trials showed the efficacy outcomes in the treatment of focal seizures, 19 in generalized seizures and 58 showed tolerability data. In the treatment of focal seizures, levetiracetam (LEV), lamotrigine (LTG), oxcarbazepine, sultiame and topiramate (TPM) have demonstrated equivalent efficacy to carbamazepine (CBZ), clobazam and valproate (VPA). LTG, LEV and TPM are as effective as the VPA for the treatment of generalized tonic-clonic, tonic and clonic seizures. VPA and ethosuximide are the best options for the treatment of absence seizures, whereas LTG was less effective. For the treatment of myoclonic seizures and infantile spasms, more randomized clinical trials are needed to provide good evidence to guide the clinical decision of health professionals. Among the AED with adequate efficacy profile, LTG stands out as the AED with the best tolerability profile, suggesting it may be the best option for the treatment of patients with epilepsy.
Dakin, Kelly Andrea. "Design and synthesis of anticonvulsant drugs based on endogenous anticonvulsant and antiepileptogenic factors." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq22453.pdf.
Full textDanielsson, Christian. "Role of the hERG-channel in arrhythmia and teratogenicity studies in animal models and the human embryonic heart /." Stockholm, 2010. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2010/978-91-7409-831-0/.
Full textBarcelos, Caroline Coutinho de 1982. "Efeitos neuromusculares do atracurio e do rocuronio em ratos pre-tratados com carbamazepina e fenobarbital : estudo in vitro e in vivo." [s.n.], 2007. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/310321.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
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Resumo: Atracúrio (ATC) e rocurônio (ROC) são bloqueadores neuromusculares de ação intermediária. Neste estudo, seus efeitos neuromusculares foram investigados in vitro e in vivo em ratos pré-tratados, via gavagem (7d), com os anticonvulsivantes (AC) carbamazepina (CBZ, 40 mg/kg) e fenobarbital (FB, 20 mg/kg) e sacrificados no 8º dia, sob anestesia com uretana. Os resultados foram comparados com a condição-controle (ratos não tratados com AC). A exposição crônica a AC pode determinar a indução de enzimas microssomais responsáveis pela metabolização (oxidação) de fármacos. Para o controle desse fenômeno farmacológico foram determinadas as concentrações enzimáticas de citocromo P450 e b5 redutase, em microssomos hepáticos de ratos tratados com AC, e comparados aos controles. As preparações in vitro e in vivo foram montadas de acordo com as técnicas de Bulbring e de Leeuwin e Wolters, respectivamente. As concentrações utilizadas dos bloqueadores nas preparações in vitro e in vivo foram, respectivamente, 20 µg/mL e 0,5 mg/kg para atracúrio (ATC); 4 µg/mL e 0,6 mg/kg para rocurônio (ROC). Cada protocolo teve um n=5 e as respostas foram observadas por 60 min. Os resultados tanto in vitro quanto in vivo mostraram que o pré-tratamento com a carbamazepina reduziu a resposta contrátil em cerca de 30%. Sob sua vigência, não houve alteração do bloqueio produzido pelo atracúrio e pelo rocurônio, possivelmente porque o tempo de tratamento com a carbamazepina não foi suficiente para causar indução enzimática. Em relação ao fenobarbital, os resultados in vitro e in vivo mostraram nenhuma alteração significativa sob a resposta contrátil. Sob sua vigência, diminuiu a sensibilidade do ATC em produzir o bloqueio neuromuscular in vitro. Contudo, in vivo potencializou o bloqueio neuromuscular de ambos os bloqueadores estudados. Essas alterações observadas em ambos os modelos experimentais podem ser devidas à indução ocorrida com o fenobarbital, conforme comprovado pela concentração de citocromo P450 (0,69 nmol/mg proteína) e b5 redutase (0,62 nmol/mg proteína)
Abstract: Atracurium (ATC) and rocuronium (ROC) are neuromuscular blockers of intermediate action. In this study, the neuromuscular effects had been investigated in vitro and in vivo in treated rats, by gavage (7d), with the anticonvulsantes (AC) carbamazepine (CBZ, 40 mg/kg) and phenobarbital (FB, 20 mg/kg) and sacrificed on the eight day, under anesthesia with urethane. The results had been compared with the control-condition (rats not treated AC). The chronic exposition the AC can determine the induction of microsomes enzyme for the responsible metabolization (oxidation) of drugs. For the control of this pharmacologic phenomenon the enzymatic concentrations of P450 and b5 cytochromes had been determined, in livers microsomes of rats treated with AC, and compared with the controls. The preparations in vitro and in vivo had been followed the Bulbring and Leeuwin and Wolters techniques, respectively. The in vitro and in vivo concentrations were 20 µg/ml and 0.5 mg/kg, respectively, for atracurium (ATC); and 4 µg/ml and 0.6 mg/kg for rocuronium (ROC). Each protocol presented n=5 and the answers were calculated during 60 minutes. The in vitro and in vivo results showed that treatment with carbamazepine reduced the extent of muscle response in about 30%. Under its validity, did not alter the extent of the muscle response block produced by atracurium and rocuronium possibly because the period of time of carbamazepine treatment was not enough to cause enzymatic induction. Regarding phenobarbital, the in vitro and in vivo results did not alter significant the extent of the muscle response block produced. Under its validity, reduced the ATC sensitivity the block neuromuscular in vitro produced. However, in vivo increased the neuromuscular block of both the blockers studied. These alterations observed in both the experimental models can have occured induction with the phenobarbital, as proven P450 (0,69 nmol/mg protein) and b5 (0,62 nmol/mg protein) of cytochrome concentration
Mestrado
Mestre em Farmacologia
Riechelmann, Rachel Simões Pimenta [UNIFESP]. "Risco de interações medicamentosas em pacientes com câncer e recebendo cuidados de suporte exclusivo." Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2009. http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/10066.
Full textUm número desconhecido de pacientes com câncer experimenta reações e interações de drogas graves, podendo resultar em hospitalização e até em morte. Particularmente, pacientes portadores de neoplasia maligna comumente recebem um grande número de medicamentos, além de receberem drogas com alto risco de efeitos adversos. Desta forma, dois estudos foram realizados como base para esta tese: uma revisão sistemática e em estudo retrospectivo. A revisão sistemática da literatura avaliou os estudos publicados sobre a epidemiologia de interações medicamentosas em pacientes com câncer. A busca identificou 8 estudos: 7 artigos publicados no PubMed e um resumo publicado nos proceedings do congresso da sociedade americana de oncologia (ASCO). A maioria dos estudos era retrospectiva e avaliou potenciais interações medicamentosas, com apenas dois estudos publicados sobre reais interações medicamentosas. Aparentemente, um terço dos pacientes oncológico ambulatoriais recebe combinações de drogas com risco de interação. Os principais fatores de risco para interações medicamentosas são: idade avançada, número crescente de medicações, presença de lesões cerebrais (primárias ou secundárias) e pacientes que recebem drogas consideradas de risco como anticonvulsivantes, varfarina e anti-inflamatórios hormonais e não-hormonais. O segundo estudo desta tese avaliou a prevalência de potenciais interações medicamentosas entre pacientes com câncer terminal. Desta forma, nós revisamos retrospectivamente os prontuários de todos os pacientes com câncer que foram atendidos no ambulatório de Cuidados Paliativos, do Hospital Princess Margaret, Toronto, Canadá, num período de 8 meses. As listas de medicações foram rastreadas para interações pelo programa eletrônico Drug Interaction Facts, que classifica as interações por nível de gravidade (maior, moderada e menor) e evidência científica (1 a 5, onde 1 = maior nível de evidência). Dentre os 372 pacientes avaliados, 250 interações medicamentosas potenciais foram identificadas em 115 pacientes (31%, 95% Intervalo de Confiança 26 - 36%), predominantemente envolvendo varfarina e fenitoína. A maioria das potenciais interações foi classificada como de gravidade moderada (59%) e 41,5% possuíam níveis de evidência 1-3. Na análise multivariada, idade crescente (p<0,001), pelo menos uma comorbidade (p=0,001), tipo de câncer (tumores cerebrais, p<0,001) e número crescente de medicamentos utilizados (p<0,001) foram associados a risco de interações medicamentosas. Portanto, concluiu-se que potenciais interações medicamentosas são comuns entre pacientes oncológicos que estejam recebendo cuidados de suporte exclusivos, sendo que a maioria envolve varfarina e/ou anticonvulsivantes. Fatores de risco incluem idade avançada, pacientes com múltiplas comorbidades, tumores cerebrais e aqueles que utilizam muitas medicações.
Background: Drug-drug interactions (DDIs) comprise an important problem in medical oncology practice. We systematically reviewed the frequency of DDIs in oncology. Methods: We searched PubMed for eligible articles and online databases abstracts of major oncology meetings. Results: Eight studies reported on the frequency of DDIs: six evaluated the frequency of potential DDIs while 2 studies reported on real DDIs, i.e. interactions that had clinical consequences. Studies of potential DDIs found that approximately one third of patients are exposed to dangerous drug doublets, with the most common ones involving warfarin and anticonvulsants. One study of real DDIs found that 2% of hospitalized cancer patients had a DDI as the cause of admission. Conclusion: Drug interactions comprise an important issue in oncology, with approximately one third of ambulatory cancer patients being at risk of DDIs. Data are limited on the clinical consequences of drug interactions among cancer patients.
TEDE
BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertações
McGuire, G. M. "Interactions of anticonvulsant drugs with haem biosynthesis." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.381489.
Full textGilbert, Trevor H. "Anticonvulsant and behavioural toxic properties of conventional anticonvulsant drugs in the guinea pig kindling model of human partial epilepsy." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ64807.pdf.
Full textJin, Albert Yongwon. "Biologically driven molecular modeling for anticonvulsant drug design." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0007/NQ42948.pdf.
Full textJackson, Michael F. "Frequency-dependent actions of GABA enhancing anticonvulsant drugs." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0022/NQ50191.pdf.
Full textHasan, Mohamed Yousif. "A pharmacological study on gaba modifying anticonvulsant agents." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.336178.
Full textMartin, Duncan J. "Mechanism of action of the anticonvulsant drug gabapentin." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.395181.
Full textChessum, Nicola E. A. "The development of new GABA-based anticonvulsant agents." Thesis, University of York, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.273822.
Full textDhariwal, Mohammad Ali Husnain. "A study of anticonvulsant action of sodium valporate." Thesis, De Montfort University, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.303243.
Full textSalvat, Éric. "Traitements précoces et tardifs des douleurs neuropathiques et β2-agonistes : études thérapeutiques précliniques et cliniques." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAJ104/document.
Full textNeuropathic pain is caused by a lesion or disease of the somatosensory nervous system and is badly relieved by usual antalgics. In our preclinical work, we studied the effect of various molecules, in particular antidepressant and anticonvulsant drugs wich are recommended in the treatment of neuropathic pain. In a murine model of traumatic neuropathy, we studied the influence of the period of treatment, early or late, on the mechanical allodynia. An early treatment with gabapentin or carbamazepine leads to a preventive effect on sustained allodynia. In a murine model of diabetic neuropathy, we characterized the antiallodynic action of nortriptyline and terbutaline. In our clinical work, we realized a retrospective survey on patients operated by thoracotomy. The analysis of the results show a significant decrease of the risk to suffer from chronic pain with neuropathic characteristics in patients treated with long-term β2- agonists
Hadid, Rebecca D. "Pre-clinical investigation of cannabidivarin in an animal model of temporal lobe epilepsy." Thesis, University of Reading, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.629084.
Full textIyamu, Osaro. "Evaluation of the anticonvulsant activity of Elytropappus rhinocerotis (L.f) Less." University of the Western Cape, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5872.
Full textM.Pharm thesis, Discipline of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of the Western Cape. Epilepsy is a worldwide neurological disorder which is also prevalent in South Africa. Herbal medicines, besides orthodox medicines, have been used from time immemorial for the treatment of epilepsy even though, generally, there is want of scientific evidence to substantiate their effectiveness. People with epilepsy have used different types of plants and herbs now known as herbal therapies over thousands of years although no clinical benefit is implied by this term. Moreover, the use of traditional medicine to treat CNS disorders such as epilepsy in South Africa still lacks a lot of scientific data although a study that was conducted in the Western Cape Province of South Africa revealed that the people in the Bredasdorp community use Elytropappus rhinocerotis to treat convulsions.