Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Anticipation rationnelles'
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Broze, Laurence. "Réduction, identification et estimation des modèles à anticipation rationnelles." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213559.
Full textPetritsis, Konstantinos. "Anticipation des agents économiques comme élément de prévision des comportements enquêtes de conjoncture et anticipations rationnelles /." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37608861q.
Full textJobert, Thomas. "Les relations dynamiques entre le revenu et la consommation : une évaluation des modèles de revenu permanent sous anticipation s rationnelles." Paris 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA010004.
Full textWE ANALYSE THE DECISION PROBLEM OF A RATIONAL INDIVIDUAL WHO MAXIMISES EXPECTED UTILITY OVER AN INFINITE HORIZON. IF FELICITY FUNCTION IS QUADRATIC, AND THERE IS A CONSTANT REAL INTEREST RATE EQUAL TO THE RATE OF TIME-PREFERENCE, THEN CONSUMPTION FOLLOWS A MARTINGALE. IN THIS CANONICAL MODEL, BECAUSE THE PATH OF FUTURE INCOME IS UNCERTAIN, THE CONSUMPTION PLANS WILL BE REVISED PERIOD BY PERIOD AS NEW INFORMATION BECOMES AVAILABLE. IN SUCH A MODEL, THE VECTOR AUTOREGRESSIVE METHODOLOGIE IS APPROPRIATE FOR TESTING DYNAMIC LINKS BETWEEN CONSUMPTION AND INCOME. EMPIRICALLY, IN FRANCE AND IN THE UNITED STATES, THE CANONICAL MODEL IS REJECTED BECAUSE CONSUMPTION IS EXCESSIVELY SENSITIVE TO ANTICIPATED INCOME AND TOO SMOOTH. IN A FIRST TIME, WE PROPOSE A SIMPLE ALTERNATIVE MODEL WITH LIQUIDITY CONSTRAINTS, IN WHICH A FRACTION OF INDIVIDUALS CONSUME THEIR CURRENT INCOME RATHER THAN THEIR PERMANENT INCOME. WE EXAMINE THE COMMO N TRENDS-COMMUN CYCLES STRUCTURE IMPLIED BY THIS LIQUIDITY CONSTRAINTS MODEL FOR CONSUMPTION AND DISPOSABLE INCOME. WITH A VECTOR ERROR CORRECTION MODEL, WE PROPOSE A PROCEDURE TO ESTIMATE THE COFEATURE VECTOR AND A TEST FOR THE EXISTEN CE OF COFEATURE IS DEVELOPPED. EMPIRICALLY, THIS MODEL IS REJECTED. IN A SECOND TIME, WE PROPOSE MODELS with PRECAUTION ARY SAVING. THEN, THE MARGINAL UTILITY OF CONSUMPTION IS CONVEX AND THE EULER EQUATION IS ESTIMATED AND TESTED BY THE GENERALISED METHOD OF MOMENTS. THE FINDINGS FROM THIS ANALYSIS STRONGLY SUGGEST THAT THE SINGLE-GOOD, REPRESENTATIVE AGENT MODEL IS INCAPABLE OF EXPLAINING SEVERAL IMPORTANT FEATURES OF THE DATA. NEVERTHELESS, MODELS WITH LIQUIDITY CONSTRAINTS AND PRECAUTIONARY SAVING ARE NOT SYSTEMATICALLY REJECTED
Dosquet, Yaël. "La gouvernementalité de la nouvelle économie classique : de la révolution cognitive de l'économie politique à l'escalade sémantique de la gouvernementalité libérale, comment expliquer le succès de la composition de la Théorie des Cycles à l'Équilibre d'Anticipations Rationnelles dans les années 1970." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0021.
Full textKeynesian macroeconomics is rooted in the neoclassical theory. Obviously, it was Robert Lucas who, in 1972, contributed to the reconstruction of a neoclassical macroeconomics based upon business cycle theory with rational expectations equilibrium. Although this epistemological event is well known, no traditional epistemology provides a satisfying explanation. Hence, the purpose of this thesis is to demonstrate that the issues raised by the internal and external epistemological success of this neoclassical theory must be approached in two non distinct ways. On the one hand, through analysing how the theoretical strategic insights of this theory have composed a semantic ascent (Quine). On the other hand, through the genealogy of the muted roots of political economy as discipline. These roots can be reached thanks to the governmentality concept (Foucault). The governmentality concept raises the question of knowing how human beings rule themselves by producing truth. So, this genealogy enlightens the 1970’ governmental practice instability, from the point of view that Lucas’ model was the only one to provide a reliable solution to the blind alley issue that occidental economies were facing. This analytical renewal of the governing by the truth problem can be pointed out as a cognitive revolution of political economy
Kempf, Hubert. "Anticipations rationnelles et politique économique." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1985. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37594261s.
Full textSzafarz, Ariane. "Solutions des modèles scalaires à anticipations rationnelles." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213629.
Full textSkalli-Housseini, Jamal. "Tests économétriques de l'hypothèse des anticipations rationnelles." Aix-Marseille 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986AIX24009.
Full textThis work mainly consists in testing empirically the rational expectations hypothesis with a method called the "direct method". Before doing that, one must first convert qualitative answers into relevant quantitative data. Once the rational expectations hypothesis concerning french households is rejected -owing to a false perception of prices - we look into various anticipation patterns, also subsequently rejected. Finally, we limit our study to a more precise framework, i. E. Error-in-variables models where we consider that the genuine anticipation is not observable and the anticipation made by households contains errors. Despite a noticeable improvment of our results, the rational hypothesis is, one again, rejected
Skalli-Housseini, Jamal-Mohamed. "Tests économétriques de l'hypothèse des anticipations rationnelles." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37601247t.
Full textGauthier, Stéphane. "Essais sur l'indétermination de l'équilibre à anticipations rationnelles." Paris, EHESS, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000EHES0061.
Full textNourry, Carine. "Coordination des anticipations dans les modèles macrodynamiques." Aix-Marseille 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX32017.
Full textTo study expectations coordination issues in macrodynamic models, we consider deterministic nonlinear growth models. When we assume agents to have rational expectations, equilibria can be indeterminate. In this case, there exist multiple convergent equilibrium paths for initial conditions in the neighborhood of a steady state equilibrium. Without additional assumption, agents don't know how to coordinate their expectations. Our aim is to extend the class of macrodynamic models where the determinacy conditions are known. We show that standard assumptions and/or simple conditions rule out local indeterminacy in overlapping generations models with production: in models with homogeneous agents and endogenous labor supply. We show that equilibria can be indeterminate in the diamond model. But we also give conditions for determinacy of equilibria, and for existence of local bifurcations. In the diamond model with both altruistic and non altruistic agents, where the proportion of each type of consumers is exogenously given, we show that when stationary bequests are operative, some standard assumptions rule out local indeterminacy. But local indeterminacy can't always be ruled out. We then consider equilibrium paths under the assumption of adaptive learning. We show that this behavior allows agents to select one of the convergent paths when the steady state is indeterminate with rational expectations
Petritsis, Konstantinos. "Anticipations des agents économiques comme élément de prévision des comportements : enquêtes de conjoncture et anticipations rationnelles." Paris, EHESS, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987EHES0040.
Full textHonoré, Hélène. "Dynamique des anticipations de bénéfices : quel processus explicatif." Paris 10, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA100016.
Full textThe present thesis examines the effect of variations in the forecasts' distribution on American, European and Japanese stock returns. More precisely, since agents' expectations measured by the earnings forecasts produced by financial analysts are not rational, the study of informational content of the estimates' distribution is justified. Prior research has established the existence of a relationship between security prices and changes in the average and the dispersion of earnings estimates. However, information arrival modifies globally the distribution of financial analysts' detailed forecasts, and not only the first two moments. Thus, we study the third and fourth standardized moments, since changes in the estimates' distribution don't have any significant impact on security prices. Variations in the skewness and in the kurtosis of analysts' expectations have respectively a negative and positive effect on stock returns. Another way to extract a part of informational content is to analyze the individual predictive ability of financial analysts
Rago, Sophie. "Intérêts et apports des dynamiques d'apprentissage macro-économiques." Paris 10, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA100161.
Full textMorel, Christophe. "Bulle, engouement et formation des anticipations." Paris 9, 2000. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2000PA090072.
Full textOukrid, El-hassane. "Anticipations et politiques conjoncturelles : théorie et vérifications empiriques sur le cas de la France, de la R.F.A. et du R.U. : 1970-1983." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986CLF10019.
Full textThe expectations take a prominent part in the apprehension of economic phenomena. Through their omnipresence, they continuously influence the labor market by acting upon its two components (supply and demand); they become integrated into the monetary market by acting upon the interest rates evolution; at last they control the destiny of the exchange market by acting upon the exchange rates. The expectations formation process takes also an essential part in the conjunctural policy running. Based on an adaptive formulation hypothesis of expectations, Friedman’s monetarism allows some arbitrage between actual and nominal variables and therefore a partial efficiency of conjectural policy. On the other hand, the “new-classical” monetarism based on the rational expectations hypothesis, denies conjectural policy any efficiency, even at a short term. Many objections have been formulated against these two propositions: the limited information of auto-regressive expectations and the excessive hypothesis of rational expectations. The inefficiency of the first and the excess of the second lead some economists to develop the concept of economically rational expectations. Empirical analysis in France, Federal Public of Germany and United Kingdom cases, has led to draw some lessons from the conjectural policy running and from the relations between state and private agents. Expectations errors being due to the results of the high degree of conjectural policy instability and uncertainty, the public authorities should act in a steady and a transparent framework. The main message of the analysis is as follows: the economic management with people and not against them in “pareto-optimal”
Negroni, Giorgio. "La coordination des anticipations dans les économies dynamiques." Paris, EHESS, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000EHES0041.
Full textKouyate, Cheick Tidiane. "Hypothèse des anticipations rationnelles : application de la méthode de Blanchard-Khan." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2005. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/296.
Full textDavila, Muro Julio. "Indétermination de l'équilibre à anticipations rationnelles : équilibres à taches solaires et systèmes dynamiques." Paris, EHESS, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994EHES0051.
Full textThe existence of sunspot equilibria is studied in models of dynamical economies with infinite horizon. The appearance of this class of equilibria points to a problem of indeterminacy of the rational expectations equilibrium. Besides, suspot equilibria play a main role in the explanation of the instability and fluctuations of market economies. Three particular subjects are addressed: (1) the existence of suspot equilibria in overlapping generations with "negative outside money"; (2) the actual number of states between which sunspot equilibria detected by the poincare-hopf index theorem fluctuate; (3) the existence of local finite susnpot equilibria close to a steady state of a dynamical system with "memory" or predetermined variables. All the results found support the robustness of self-fulfilling prophecies phenomena in these economies
Abbadie, Stéphane. "Anticipations auto-réalisatrices en économie politique : exemples, concepts et prise en compte dans un processus décisionnel." Aix-Marseille 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986AIX32050.
Full textIn a first part, we show some examples of self-fulfilling expectation in economics. For each of them, we want to get up the specific values that they have. In order to complete this way, we talk, in the second part, about the concepts made by economic writers on self-fulfilling processes of futur events as expectation, foresight or prophecy. The purpose of the third part is to build a model to take in consideration self-fulfilling expectations in a decision process (normed example). If self-fulfilling expectations seem present everywhere in economics, it can't be out of social preoccupations. Complet self-fulfilling expectations are only specific examples or school hypotheses. The most important is to show selffulfilling tendances of expectations. In this way, we use "abstract game" and dynamic solution" to build a "choices structure". In the end, we talk about two results of self-fulfilling expectations about our economic processes notions: the first is specific (expectation and government policy), the second is general (model and modeler)
Hamza, Hichem. "La théorie des anticipations de taux et la pratique de la politique monétaire : Réexamen et étude empririque pour la zone-euro, les Etats-Unis et la Royaume-Uni." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005CLF1XXXX.
Full textHamza, Hichem. "La théorie des anticipations de taux et la pratique de la politique monétaire : Réexamen et étude empririque pour la zone-euro, les Etats-Unis et la Royaume-Uni." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005CLF10003.
Full textAlvarez, Luis. "Expectations, adjustment costs and the optimal investment of a value-maximizing firm /." Turku : Turun Yliopisto, 1993. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37672050v.
Full textThis, Saint-Jean Isabelle. "Anticipations et croyances autoréalisatrices : indétermination ou prise en compte des "facteurs psychologiques" en économie." Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010015.
Full textThis thesis analyse the concept of self-fulfilling in economics. This notion, first defined in sociology and in epistemology in the forties, has been introduce in economics at the end of the seventees, specially with the problem of multiplicity of rational expectations equilibria. First, coming back to the ancient texts, we show the necessity of a new definition of this notion. Then we show that this concept has been used in two different ways. First, as an theorical tool wich allow to account of real phenomena. Secondly, as a mean to show methodological difficulties in social sciences and in economics. In the second part, we argue that this two dimensions of the notion of self-fulfilling are present in the recent economic analysis. We hase first specified the relations between rational expectations and the concept of sel-fulfilling expectations and beliefs. Then we show that the models with a multiplicity of rational expectations equilibria (specially, rational bubbles and sunspots equilibria) could be interpreted, either as a criticism of the rational expectation hypothesis, or as a way of describing the influence of beliefs on the evolution of economy
Foucault, Thierry. "Formation des prix et stratégies de placement d'ordres dans les marchés financiers." Jouy-en Josas, HEC, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994EHEC0019.
Full textThis dissertation is devoted to the theory of financial markets microstructure. The first part analyses information revelation by prices. The impact of different hypotheses on the existence and informativeness of rational expectations equilibria is analysed within a simple synthetic model. In particular, we prove the sensibility of the hypotheses concerning the noise, which prevents prices from being fully revealing. In a second part, we study the impact of trasnsactions costs on the inforlationnal efficiency of prices. It is proved that an increase in transactions costs is always detrimental to price efficiency. For this reason, transactions costs can increase the value of being informed and can induce more traders to become informed. In the third part, amodel of the trading process in an order driven system is proposed. We analyse in a dynamic framework how traders determine their order placement strategies. On the other hand, bid and ask prices of the limit order traders are characterized
Guerrero, Guillaume. "Implications des changements de régime markovien dans des modèles à anticipations rationnelles : une exploration empirique." Paris 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA010038.
Full textJondeau, Éric. "La théorie des anticipations de la structure par terme et la mesure de la prime de risque." Paris 9, 1998. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1998PA090078.
Full textChalle, Édouard. "Prophéties auto-réalisatrices et volatilité des cours boursiers." Paris 10, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA100130.
Full textThis Ph. D thesis deals with the measurement and determinants of stock market volatility. Part One uses time-series econometric techniques in order to assess the size and persistence of stock markets fluctuations. Major financial anomalies, such as excess volatility and return predictability, are then presented in a unified framework. The analysis leads me to qualify the scope of the so-called Efficient Markets Hypothesis (which turns out to be unfalsifiable), and to stress the need to explain the wide swings in the discount rate that drive stock market fluctuations. Part Two offers a theoretical explanation, based on the notions of equilibrium indeterminacy and self-fulfilling prophecies, to the aforementioned anomalies. Two simple asset pricing models are used to show that the high volatility of stock markets, far from proving their irrationality, is rather a natural implication of the multiplicity of equilibria that may arise in dynamic rational expectations models
Fiole, Murielle. "Un modèle intertemporel de déséquilibre général : étude théorique et simulation." Paris 10, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA100001.
Full textBasing on theory of disequilibrium and using techniques of optimal control, this thesis wants mainly to build up an international model of general disequilibrium. Representative agents are firms, consumers and the government. The market of goods and that of labor can be in disequilibrium, though that of money is always in equilibrium, this because of a hypothesis of rigidity of price system. The model assumes rational expectations. Consumers and firms maximize respectively their discounted utility functions and discounted cash-flows subjects to quantity and price constraints in an infinite horizon. Firstly, temporary equilibria of Keynesian unemployment, of classical unemployment and of repressed inflation are analyzed as well as their conditions of existence. These three parallel studies make possible an instantaneous partition of the space of the two variables which contain the influence of expectation formed by agents. This partition corroborates the idea of self-fulfilling expectations. Secondly, the dynamic analysis specific to one regime is made possible by linearizing the model around the steady state of the considered regime since the method of simulation based on “multiple-shooting” gave inconsistent results. Thus, the resolution of this model comes to a determination of eighen values and eighen vectors. The assumption of rationality of expectation allows studies of announcement effects of an expected shock. Several experiments of economic policy are undertaken inside of the regime of Keynesian unemployment. Most of these experiments clearly show the effect of the announcement immediately after the announcement of the measure. Generally, long run substitution affects clog the immediate impact of the injected measure
Zuanon, Magali. "Les incidences de la liquidité imparfaite sur le marché des actions : réflexions et validations sur le marché français." Paris 9, 2000. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2000PA090071.
Full textAbdellaoui, Mohammed. "Utilité espérée et décision en avenir risque : une étude expérimentale critique." Aix-Marseille 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988AIX32030.
Full textThis work consists of two parts. The first part presents the expected utility theory and investigates the links between its formal aspect and its use as a decision-aid model. It insists on the conformity of the decision-maker's fundamental preferences to the axioms of the formal model as a necessary condition for extrapolating the attitudes observed (choices among random prospects) to the set of potential actions in the decision-aid study. The second part presents the results of an experimental inquiry into individual behavior under risk. It focuses on individual arbitrage between probabilities and payments in choosing among elementary lotteries and compares it to the arbitrage predicted by expected utility theory. The inquiry was conducted in france and in morocco, which provided two samples of datas, each one pertaining to a different cultural system. The analysis of the data obtained indicates that it is impossible for the formal model to represent the choices expressed by the experimental study subjects. Our results are relatively more precise than previous results (kahneman and tversky) and they are in line with those of de neufville and delquie (1988)
Lessard, Jean-Pascal. "Analyse non-paramétrique des anticipations subjectives du revenu." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27596/27596.pdf.
Full textAbedini, Javad. "Coûts irrécupérables, anticipations et modélisation du commerce bilatéral : une approche théorique et empirique." Nantes, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007NANT4002.
Full textMany trade theories explain the empirical success of the gravity model. The impact of trade costs has recently been emphasized by the theoretical and empirical literature of the gravity model. In particular, Deardorff (2004) and Anderson & van Wincoop (2003, 2004) suggest the term of local comparative advantages based on relative trade costs to determine the bilateral trade model. However, the impact of trade costs is usually studied through trade barriers. In this thesis, we develop a new theoretical approach using some specific trade costs, notably sunk costs. Based on a theoretical model of entry in the presence of sunk costs, we show that the expectations matter for the firm's decisions to enter a market. This theoretical model makes it possible to introduce "expectations" in trade model. In the same way, we develop, as an example, the gravity model of Anderson & van Wincoop (2003, 2004) to take into account the expected relative trade costs in order to determine the bilateral trade flows. Using our theoretical approach, we present a new interpretation for the impact of monetary union, trade agreements and the institutional factors in the gravity models of trade. In addition, we develop an empirical gravity model to test our theoretical predictions about the role of expectations in trade. This model uses the data of a sample of 37 countries during 1988-2003. Many econometric specifications and tests are presented. The results strongly support our theoretical predictions
Boucekkine, Raouf. "Une méthodologie alternative pour la simulation des modèles économiques non-linéaires à anticipations rationnelles : théorie et applications." Paris 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA010065.
Full textThe thesis is an investigation of the theoretical consistency and the tractability problems of the deterministic and stochastic simulation methods devoted to solve nonlinear economic rational expectations models. After characterizing precisely these models, we shed light on the principles of the existing deterministic simulation methodologies and we clearly show both their lack of robustness and their purely heuristic approach. Then, we propose an alternative methodology, more theoretically founded, and we show its adequacy by conducting different simulation exercises on various economic models. In the second part of the thesis, stochastic simulations problems are examined. First, we present the principles of the so-called stationary expectations simulation methodology, as developed since the beginning of the 90th. Due to numerical costs arguments, we finally argue in favour of a specific approximation method and we present its main a posteriori validation instruments
Hathroubi, Salem. "Consommation, revenu permanent et contraintes de liquidité : application sur données tunisiennes." Paris 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA010020.
Full textBarbe, Philippe. "Ensemble d'information de marché et détermination des taux de change : l'apport des données d'enquête." Bordeaux 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR40011.
Full textThe object of this thesis is to study the functionning of the foreign exchange market when agents don't know the "true model". So we reject the rational expectations hypothesis for exchange rate. Therefore, it is important to know how agents on the market form their information set. To answer to this question, we adopt a methodology based on survey data, and a concept of restricted rationality, the economically rational expectations. Our results are the following. First of all, the market information set has two components, a fundamental component and a technical component. The first component is based on economic indicators analysis and command the anticipation function when data are available on the market. The second component is important when fondamental information are not available. Furthermore, the analysis of market expectations shows that these variables are self-fulfilling in short-term and more heterogeneous in long-term
Servigny, Arnaud de. "Un modèle général d'économie financière : financement de l'économie et formation de la structure des taux d'intérêt." Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010033.
Full textThis model is a macroeconomic model, based on rational expectation and game theory. The behaviour of several actors is carefully studied, such as : commercial banks consumer central bank long term bond market need for money from real economy the confrontation of these actors in a single model enables to arrive to several conclusions : cooperation between macro actors to arrive to an optimal policy influence of this cooperation on the shape of the term structure of interest rates
De, Freitas Barbosa Pereira Renato Telo. "La rapidité stratégique en tant que facteur primordial de succès." Paris 9, 2003. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2003PA090038.
Full textCoutant, Sophie. "Contenu en informations dans les prix d'options : estimation de la densité neutre au risque du sous-jacent et applications." Paris 9, 2001. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2001PA090024.
Full textThis thesis is concerned by the information content in option prices. More precisely, a first part consists in estimating the risk neutral distribution of the option underlying asset. In a second part, we study the feasible applications of the knowledge of this risk neutral density : expectations analysis of markets participants using confidence intervals, tests of expectation hypothesis, estimation of market participants risk aversion function
Fève, Patrick. "Théorie et modélisation économétrique du commerce extérieur : une application au cas français." Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010005.
Full textThe growing openess to international trade implied a greater sensitivity of industrial countries to foreign shocks. In this thesis, we propose an empirical investigation of french foreign trade. Chapter 1 shows that the econometric of disequilibrium provides a good explanation of the french manufacturing exports. In chapter 2, we propose a new way of modelling of imports behavior. Chapter 3 is devoted to an empirical analysis of export-led-growth hypothesis. In chapter 4, we find significant non-linearities in the dynamic of nominal exchangerate. We study the purchasing power parity with perfect competition (chapter 5) and then with imperfect competition (chapter 6). Chapter 7 developps a small open economy general equilibrium model
Million, Nicolas. "Stabilité structurelle de la dynamique macro-économique et processus presque intégrés : application à la relation entre taux d'intérêt et taux d'inflation anticipés." Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010044.
Full textHyme, Pauline. "Efficience des marchés financiers et théorie économique : une approche historique." Paris 8, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA082858.
Full textThe thesis is concerned with the relations between the Efficient Markets Hypothesis and the development of the economic theory mainly during second half of the XXth century. First, we consider the origins and development of the Efficient Markets Hypothesis in order to clarify its conceptual ambiguities. Two conceptions of the Efficient Markets Hypothesis are brought out : the first rests on the fair game concept, while the second is formulated in terms of the general equilibrium theory and is associated to the Rational Expectations Hypothesis. Next, we analyse three types of developments appeared in the economic litterature starting from the end of the seventies (irrationality, information revealed by prices, and exchange of stock market securities), by showing that the question of efficiency and the stakes which it raised finaly made it possible to tie up with a keynesian thematic, as it is formulated by Keynes in chapter 12 of "General Theory"
Jara-Moroni, Pedro Daniel. "Rationalizabilité en jeux et la coordination des anticipations." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0013.
Full textWe consider an economic model that features a continuum of agents and an aggregate state of the world over which agents have an infinitesimal influence. We propose a review of the connections between the viewpoint that puts emphasis on Strongly Rational Expectations equilibrium and the standard game-theoretical rationalizability concepts. We explore the scope and limits of this connection depending on whether standard rationalizability versus point-rationalizability, or the local versus the global viewpoint, are concerned. In particular, we define and characterize the set of (Point¬) Rationalizable States. Also, we clarify the role of the heterogeneity of beliefs in general contexts of expectational coordination. Then, as in the case of strategic complementarities the study of some best response mapping is a key to the analysis, in the case of unambiguous strategie substitutabilities the study of some second iterate, and of the corresponding two-period cycles, allows to describe the rationalizable states
Gbaguidi, David. "Modeles économétriques pour l'inflation : anticipations rationnelles et croyances adaptatives dans le cadre de la nouvelle courbe de philips keynesienne." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX24014.
Full textThis PhD thesis proposes, through her three articles, a macro-econometric framework of integrating, in the most adequate way to our sense, the expectations of the economic agents in the reasoning having led to current New-Keynesian models. Upon this specified frame of analysis, we evaluate the effectiveness of various versions of the Phillips curve introduced into the macroeconomic literature. The first study of this thesis takes place in a univariate context and we seek to determine an econometric model leading to best characterize the U.S inflation rate dynamic. In order to achieve this, three types of specifications, associated with three possible evolutions of the expected rate are considered. The first allows an overall instability of the trend or the expected inflation rate. The second considers an alternative specification in which the expected inflation rate is unstable in periodic segments of the sample. Finally, the last specification allows instability of a "mixed type" in which the trend inflation rate is assumed to be random or subject to a probability schema. The results of our study indicate that this last specification is the one that gives the most adequate characterization of the inflation rate dynamic. The inflation rate then appears generated by a second order autoregressive process with, on the one hand, unchanging lag coefficients and, on the other, an unconditional mean which switch between three global regimes of different frequencies of accession. Based on these first results, we extend the analysis in a multivariate framework. The main topics of the second paper are to challenge the rational nature of the agents expectations and the structural effectiveness of the behaviorally micro-based New Keynesian Phillips Curve with a Positive steady state Inflation (NKPC-PI). We then model the trade-off between the U.S inflation rate and a Unit Labor Cost-based measure of the real activity through Markov Switching - Vectorial AutoRegressive (MS-VAR) specifications. These specifications allow to adequately capturing the rationality in the agents expectations process as they underlie a finite number of expected inflation rate regimes, which highlight the agents adaptive beliefs on the achievements of these regimes. Moreover, the results confirm the structural stability of the NKPC-PI over the inflation rate regimes as its deep parameters seem to be unaffected by the regimes switching (Cogley & Sbordone (2005) and Groen & Mumtaz (2008)). In the third study, we extend the analysis of the Phillips curve trade-off. First, we look at determining econometrics models leading to characterize the dynamics of all the variables underlying the trade-off in univariate contexts. As a result, it appears that an adequate way to characterize the agents expectations regarding the dynamics of these variables is to consider a combination of some fixed levels (regimes) in the variables evolutions with an agents adaptive beliefs notion. Finally, based on the implied expectations values of the variables, we show that the Phillips curve seems to disappear when the impact of the expected inflation rate on its current value converges to its long-term value
Rautureau, Nicolas. "La théorie des anticipations de la structure par terme des taux d'interêt et la politique monétaire." Bordeaux 4, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001BOR40032.
Full textThe aims of this dissertation is to analyse the Mankiw and Miron [1986] hypothesis which concerns the influence of monetary policy on the empirical results of the expectations hypothesis of the term structure. In the first part, we test the theory for the french money market between october 1987 and june 2001. We reject the expectations theory but the effect of the Banque de France on the empirical results is clear up to 1998. .
Augeraud-Veron, Emmanuelle. "L'anticipation dans les modèles à générations imbriquées." La Rochelle, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LAROS059.
Full textJérôme, Bruno. "Anticipations, crédibilité des politiques publiques et comportement politico-économiques." Paris 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA010058.
Full textPereau, Jean-Christophe. "La dynamique des prix et des salaires en presence de contrats echelonnes avec anticipations rationnelles : une application sur donnees industrielles francaises." Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010032.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to develop a multivariate linear rational expectations model of the price and wage dynamics with staggered contracts. We present a dynamic price-wage spiral, numerically calibrated on french data, describing an economy working under imperfect competition on both labour and goods market. Price decisions are taken every period at even times for two periods while wage decisions are taken every period at odd times for two periods. Then, we propose a tractable reduction method which is based on the introduction of martingale difference processes and the elimination of the redundant anticipated endogeneous variables. The eigenvalue stability for an unique rational expectations path in the neighbourhood of the steady state are analysed before computing and interpreting the dynamics multipliers associated with transitory, permanent, anticipated and not anticipated shocks. The simulation of the rational expectations model requires the solution of a system of difference equations with initial and terminal conditions. Finally, thyis method is applied on a french dataset on prices and wages since 1983 and we propose a typology of exogeneous shocks in order to have a better understanding of the cost inflation mecanism
Bourdieu, Jérôme. "Anticipations et ressources finies : le marché pétrolier américain dans l'entre-deux-guerres /." Paris : Éd. de l'École des hautes études en sciences sociales, 1996. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb361573091.
Full textBibliogr. 201-213.
Ghabri, Salah. "Les processuis de formation des anticipations des ménages : une analyse à partir des panels des enquêtes de conjoncture de l'INSEE (1972-1994)." Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010064.
Full textHommel, Thierry. "Environnement et stratégies des firmes industrielles : le modèle de la gestion anticipative de la contestabilité appliqué à la production des OGM agricoles et à l'industrie du traitement de surface en France et en Allemagne." Paris, EHESS, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EHES0053.
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