Relevant bibliographies by topics / Antibody treatment

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Antibody treatment'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Antibody treatment"

1

Sasaki, Shigeru, Yasuhisa Shinomura, and Kozo Imai. "Antibody treatment." Drug Delivery System 30, no. 1 (2015): 16–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2745/dds.30.16.

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Jolobe, O. M. "Monoclonal antibody treatment." BMJ 340, apr01 2 (April 1, 2010): c1850. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.c1850.

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Litzman, Jiří. "Treatment of antibody immunodeficiency." Vnitřní lékařství 65, no. 2 (February 1, 2019): 126–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.36290/vnl.2019.025.

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Espinoza, LR. "Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome: Treatment." Lupus 5, no. 5 (October 1996): 456–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096120339600500525.

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Of the many clinical manifestations seen in the antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APAS), two deserve major therapeutic consideration: recurrent fetal loss and vascular thromboses. Treatment of these two major complications remain empirical, although recent studies appear to indicate the beneficial use of multiple therapeutic options including low dose aspirin, alone or in combination with a moderate amount of prednisone, heparin and intravenous gammaglobulin for the prevention of fetal loss, and longterm anticoagulation with maintenance of an international normalized ratio (INR) of 3 to 4 as an effective measure in the prevention of vascular thrombosis. The use of interleukin-3 in animal models of the syndrome has been shown to be effective in the prevention of fetal loss, and this therapeutic modality appears promising, particularly because of its recognized low frequency of side effects in therapeutic trials in humans.
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Mehdi, Ali A., Imad Uthman, and Munther Khamashta. "Treatment of antiphospholipid antibody syndrome." International Journal of Clinical Rheumatology 5, no. 2 (April 2010): 241–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/ijr.10.8.

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Gibbons, W. "Antibody Treatment Joins AIDS Battle." Science News 139, no. 4 (January 26, 1991): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3975553.

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Liddle, Rachel. "Antibody treatment for ovarian cancer." Lancet Oncology 8, no. 8 (August 2007): 676. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1470-2045(07)70229-2.

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Vexler, Vladimir, and Jacky Woo. "Antibody treatment of ulcerative colitis." Drug Discovery Today: Therapeutic Strategies 3, no. 3 (September 2006): 353–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ddstr.2006.07.002.

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Wahl, Denis, and Veronique Regnault. "Treatment of Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome." JAMA 296, no. 1 (July 5, 2006): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.296.1.42.

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Gardulf, Ann. "Immunoglobulin Treatment for Primary Antibody Deficiencies." BioDrugs 21, no. 2 (2007): 105–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00063030-200721020-00005.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Antibody treatment"

1

Alsughayyir, Jawaher. "CD49d-specific Single Domain Antibodies for the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/23528.

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Multiple sclerosis is a neurodegenerative disorder affecting the central nervous system (CNS). Currently, the disease is incurable and immunomodulating drugs are the only option to control the disease. CD49d is an adhesion receptor expressed on most immune cells. Antibodies that bind to CD49d and block immune cells from trafficking toward the CNS are being pursued as one class of therapeutics. In this work, by combining recombinant antibody and phage display technologies we isolated 10 anti-CD49d single domain antibodies from a synthetic antibody light chain variable domain (VL) phage display library. Isolated VLs (~ 12 kDa) were expressed in Escherichia coli, purified and analysed for biophysical characteristics. The majority were expressed in good yields and were non-aggregating. All 10 VLs bound recombinant CD49d by ELISA, and 7 bound to CD49d-expressing cells in flow cytometry experiments. To empower the VLs for better therapeutic efficacy (thru increasing avidity and half-life), three of the lead VLs were re-engineered as fusions to fragment crystallisable (Fc) of human immunoglobulin gamma (IgG). The engineered hFc-VL fragments (~ 70 – 90 kDa) retained their specificity for CD49d by flow cytometry. With (i) being less immunogenic due to their human nature, (ii) their efficient access to cryptic epitopes (iii) having half-lives comparable to IgGs’ and (iv) being more cost effective compared to IgGs, these novel antibody fragments (monovalent VLs and bivalent hFc-VLs) provide a promising therapeutic platform against multiple sclerosis.
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Chen, Chao, and 陳超. "Identification of a novel cancer therapeutic antibody against human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her2) and antibody engineering for development of cancer therapeutics." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/196461.

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Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have been proved effective for cancer therapy. MAbs possess advantages over chemical drugs and small molecular drugs in cancer treatment, such as high specificity, low toxicity, effector function, long half-life in circulation system and less side effects. There are eight FDA-approved anti-cancer antibody drugs now, and many more are under development. Antibodies have two functional domains, the Fab region that is responsible for antigen recognition, and the Fc region that couples the antibody to immune effector pathways. Fab-mediated interference with cancer cell signalling may lead to growth inhibition and direct cell death, while Fc-mediated effector function through interactions with Fc-gamma receptors (FcrRs) expressed in immune cells or through complement cascades may lead to target cell cytotoxicity. Antibody engineering to increase the binding affinity and effector function may improve antibody in vivo efficacy. Anti-Her2 mAb herceptin (trastuzumab) is effective in treatment of Her2-overexpressing breast cancer patients. However, only 25–30% of patients with Her2-overexpressing tumors respond to single agent trastuzumab, and drug resistance develops even in responding patients. Accumulating evidence showed that cross-talk between Her2 and the insulin-like growth factor receptor type I (IGF-IR), including receptor heterodimerization and transactivation, and elevated IGF-IR signalling have been associated with trastuzumab resistance. Therefore, we hypothesized that dual specific antibodies co-targeting both IGF-IR and Her2 may prevent or delay the emergence of resistance to mono-specific antibodies. Mouse monoclonal antibody, M590 showed very good binding activity to IGF-IR. By engineering the CH3 domain of human Fc in pDR12 plasmid, we developed a “knobs-into-holes” hybrid IgG expression system, and successfully produced M590-Herceptin bi-specific IgG, which showed high binding avidity for both antigens and preserved antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), a main route of immune protections conferred by therapeutic antibodies in vivo. M590-Herceptin dual specific antibody inhibited breast cancer and ovarian cancer cell proliferation in vitro, and inhibited cancer growth in a SKOV-3 Her2- and IGF-IR-overexpressing ovarian cancer xenograft mouse model. M590-Herceptin hybrid showed better anti-cancer activity compared with M590 and Herceptin alone, or in combination. Meantime, I also constructed a phage display antibody Fab library using the mRNA of rabbits immunized by membrane proteins of SKOV-3 cells, and isolated a novel anti-Her2 mAb, designated as 1C6. Results from in vitro assays showed that 1C6 had anti-cancer activity which was comparable to that of herceptin. M590-1C6 hybrid IgG was also constructed, and the results from in vitro assays and mouse study showed that M590-1C6 hybrid IgG also possess better inhibitory activity of Her2 positive tumours compared with m590 or 1C6 alone. In summary, this study indicates that bi-specific antibodies co-targeting two elevated cancer receptors are more effective than mono-specific antibodies for cancer therapy.
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Microbiology
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Doctor of Philosophy
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Schroeder, Krista Marie. "Disparities in Monoclonal Antibody Treatment of Elderly Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Patients." ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/1421.

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Multiple research studies have demonstrated racial, socioeconomic status (SES), and neighborhood disparities in first-line treatment of colorectal cancer patients, including those with metastatic colorectal cancer. However, disparities in adjunct monoclonal antibody treatment disparities have not been explored. The purpose of this study was to assess racial, SES, and neighborhood disparities in adjunct monoclonal antibody treatment of elderly metastatic colorectal cancer patients. The research was rooted in 3 theories: the fundamental cause theory, the diffusion of innovations theory, and theory of health disparities and medical technology. Data from the SEER-Medicare database and logistic regression were used to assess the relationship between the variables of interest and adjunct monoclonal antibody therapy. In this study, race (p = 0.070), SES (p = 0.881), and neighborhood characteristics (p = 0.309) did not significantly predict who would receive monoclonal antibody therapy. The results demonstrated a potential improvement in historically documented colorectal cancer treatment disparities. Specifically, historical treatment disparities may not be relevant to newer therapies prescribed to patients with severe disease. The difference could be related to improved access to care or a change in treatment paradigm due to the severity of metastatic colorectal cancer. Future studies aimed at understanding the causes of this social change (i.e., reduced treatment disparities) are warranted. Understanding the root cause of the reduced treatment disparities observed in this study could be used to reduce treatment disparities in other cancer populations.
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Odili, Joy Ifeyinewa. "Development of specific antibody fragments for the detection and treatment of melanoma." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.430128.

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Alberts, Justin Charles John. "Bispecific antibody mediated targeting cytotoxic lymphocytes for the treatment of colorectal carcinoma." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.248396.

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Douglass, Angela. "The use of an antibody in the diagnosis and treatment of liver fibrosis." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2009. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=131533.

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This thesis examines the use of an antibody and single chain antibody to target myofibroblasts, for the diagnosis and treatment of liver fibrosis. Furthermore the effects of myofibroblasts depletion on inflammation, fibrosis and regeneration are investigated in animal models of chronic and acute liver disease. Liver myofibroblasts have become a focus as a potential therapeutic target as removal or prevention of their activation attenuates liver fibrosis severity. One of the major issues surrounding fibrosis treatment is developing a therapeutic that targets myofibroblasts without causing additional damage to the liver. Using an antibody may provide a solution due to their high specificity for their target antigen. Several antibodies are currently used in the clinic to treat a range of diseases. However no treatment is currently indicated for fibrosis, with transplantation being the only option at the later stages of disease. Our lab has developed a single chain antibody fragment (scab) capable of targeting activated myofibroblasts. Here we examine the use of this antibody as a drug delivery method in vitro and in vivo. This thesis also describes the generation of a human monoclonal IgG to target myofibroblasts and recruit the natural immune effector functions as a safer alternative to toxic drug conjugates. The presence of myofibroblasts is indicative for fibrosis and as such we have used myofibroblasts as a potential imaging target. Using C1-3 conjugated to a fluorophore, we investigated the possibility of grading fibrosis severity, using histological and imaging techniques.
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DI, CINTIO FEDERICA. "Nanoparticles anti-GPC1 for glioblastoma multiforme treatment." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Trieste, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11368/3015204.

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Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) the most aggressive (WHO grade IV) diffuse glioma, is also by far the most frequent one. After standard treatment, the 2-year overall survival of GBM patients is approximately only 25%. Although numerous experimental drugs have been tested in clinical trials, GBM patients have not yet profited of curative treatments. To overcome the big limitations regarding GBM treatment, we address the challenge of developing a drug delivery system based on highly biocompatible chitosan nanobubbles (NBs) conjugated with an anti-glypican1 (GPC1) antibody loaded with docetaxel as chemotherapeutic agent. This drug delivery approach has been proposed to counter major challenges as overcoming the BBB, allowing the therapeutic release exclusively to tumor cells, and minimizing the possible side effects in cancer patients. The GPC1 proteoglycan has been chosen as useful target for drug delivering with NBs, therefore GPC1 expression was characterized in-vitro, being found expressed in GBM cell lines (e.g., T98G, U87-MG) but not found expressed in non-GBM cell line. Consistently, we assessed the localization of GPC1 protein expression on the cell surface and in the cytoplasm of GBM cell lines whereas it was lacked in the negative control cells. Of note, in primary tumor sections of these 10 GBM cases, GPC1 was found overexpressed whereas in normal tissues was found not expressed. To obtain a specific anti-GPC1 antibody recognizing the last 70 amino acid of GPC1 protein and therefore the cell-surface form of GPC1, mouse immunization has been performed. Hybridomas have produced three different anti-GPC1 specific clones (A, B, C). By using the B and C clones, GPC1 expression was detected in GBM cells at levels comparable to the levels obtained by using the commercially available antibody by the B and C clones. On the contrary, the A clone was not capable to recognize GPC1. Therefore, we purified the B and C clones to obtain specific anti-GPC1 monoclonal Abs. Moreover, C and B appeared to be more efficient than the a-GPC1c for detection of GPC1 expression levels. According to the results of antibody testing in GBM cell lines and negative control cell lines, the B clone was chosen to be conjugated to the NBs to develop the active drug delivery strategy. To select the drug to be loaded in the NBs, the killing capability of temozolomide (TMZ), paclitaxel (PTX) and docetaxel (DTX) was evaluated in GBM cells. DTX have the highest killing capability compared to PTX and TMZ. Therefore, we used DTX for the NBs loading encapsulation. The in-vitro characterization of NBs showed the average diameter of about 350 nm and a positive charge and spherical morphology. In-vitro analysis of the treatment of NBs in GBM cells, showed the localization of NBs conjugated with B antibody in cell cytoplasm around the nucleus. In contrast, a lower mean fluorescence intensity was observed for the cells treated with unconjugated NBs. For the in-vitro cytotoxic effect of NBs, NB loaded with DTX, NBs loaded with DTX and conjugated with B antibody, showed a killing capability correlated with the concentration in each evaluated point, with cell viable levels comparable to those of free DTX for some concentrations. Blank NBs, NB conjugated with Cy 5.5, and NB conjugated with B antibody were not toxic at all tested concentrations. In-vivo and ex-vivo test of the biodistribution of anti-GPC1 NBs in xenograft GBM mouse models, showed that the presence of the conjugation with the B antibody seems to be allow a major accumulation of the injected NBs in the tumor as well as a higher retention time at least until the last time point of 96 h of treatment. In conclusion, the proposed active drug delivery approach using anti-GPC1 conjugated NBs loaded with DTX could be useful for the treatment of GBM.
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) the most aggressive (WHO grade IV) diffuse glioma, is also by far the most frequent one. After standard treatment, the 2-year overall survival of GBM patients is approximately only 25%. Although numerous experimental drugs have been tested in clinical trials, GBM patients have not yet profited of curative treatments. To overcome the big limitations regarding GBM treatment, we address the challenge of developing a drug delivery system based on highly biocompatible chitosan nanobubbles (NBs) conjugated with an anti-glypican1 (GPC1) antibody loaded with docetaxel as chemotherapeutic agent. This drug delivery approach has been proposed to counter major challenges as overcoming the BBB, allowing the therapeutic release exclusively to tumor cells, and minimizing the possible side effects in cancer patients. The GPC1 proteoglycan has been chosen as useful target for drug delivering with NBs, therefore GPC1 expression was characterized in-vitro, being found expressed in GBM cell lines (e.g., T98G, U87-MG) but not found expressed in non-GBM cell line. Consistently, we assessed the localization of GPC1 protein expression on the cell surface and in the cytoplasm of GBM cell lines whereas it was lacked in the negative control cells. Of note, in primary tumor sections of these 10 GBM cases, GPC1 was found overexpressed whereas in normal tissues was found not expressed. To obtain a specific anti-GPC1 antibody recognizing the last 70 amino acid of GPC1 protein and therefore the cell-surface form of GPC1, mouse immunization has been performed. Hybridomas have produced three different anti-GPC1 specific clones (A, B, C). By using the B and C clones, GPC1 expression was detected in GBM cells at levels comparable to the levels obtained by using the commercially available antibody by the B and C clones. On the contrary, the A clone was not capable to recognize GPC1. Therefore, we purified the B and C clones to obtain specific anti-GPC1 monoclonal Abs. Moreover, C and B appeared to be more efficient than the a-GPC1c for detection of GPC1 expression levels. According to the results of antibody testing in GBM cell lines and negative control cell lines, the B clone was chosen to be conjugated to the NBs to develop the active drug delivery strategy. To select the drug to be loaded in the NBs, the killing capability of temozolomide (TMZ), paclitaxel (PTX) and docetaxel (DTX) was evaluated in GBM cells. DTX have the highest killing capability compared to PTX and TMZ. Therefore, we used DTX for the NBs loading encapsulation. The in-vitro characterization of NBs showed the average diameter of about 350 nm and a positive charge and spherical morphology. In-vitro analysis of the treatment of NBs in GBM cells, showed the localization of NBs conjugated with B antibody in cell cytoplasm around the nucleus. In contrast, a lower mean fluorescence intensity was observed for the cells treated with unconjugated NBs. For the in-vitro cytotoxic effect of NBs, NB loaded with DTX, NBs loaded with DTX and conjugated with B antibody, showed a killing capability correlated with the concentration in each evaluated point, with cell viable levels comparable to those of free DTX for some concentrations. Blank NBs, NB conjugated with Cy 5.5, and NB conjugated with B antibody were not toxic at all tested concentrations. In-vivo and ex-vivo test of the biodistribution of anti-GPC1 NBs in xenograft GBM mouse models, showed that the presence of the conjugation with the B antibody seems to be allow a major accumulation of the injected NBs in the tumor as well as a higher retention time at least until the last time point of 96 h of treatment. In conclusion, the proposed active drug delivery approach using anti-GPC1 conjugated NBs loaded with DTX could be useful for the treatment of GBM.
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Arrowood, Michael James. "Cryptosporidium: Oocyst production and hybridoma generation for examining colostrum and monoclonal antibody roles in cryptosporidial infections." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184335.

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Techniques for the large-scale isolation of Cryptosporidium oocysts and sporozoites, obtained from the feces of experimentally infected Holstein calves, were developed employing discontinuous sucrose gradients and isopycnic Percoll gradients. The three step oocyst recovery method utilized two sequential discontinuous sucrose gradients followed by one Percoll gradient. Recovered oocysts were essentially free of debris and bacteria and represented 34% of the original oocyst suspension. Sporozoites were recovered from excystation mixtures on a single Percoll gradient. Sixty-three percent of the original sporozoites were recovered with 2.2% contamination by intact oocysts and virtually no oocyst walls. Eight anti-oocyst hybridomas were derived from oocyst-immunized mice: five from BALB/c mice and three from RBF/Dn mice. The monoclonal antibody (Mab) OW3 reacted specifically with C. parvum oocysts in immunofluorescent assays (IFA) and was shown to be superior to conventional stains for detecting oocysts in fecal smears from infected individuals. Sixteen anti-sporozoite hybridomas were derived from sporozoite-immunized BALB/c mice. The Mabs appeared to react with cell surface and cytoplasmic antigens by IFA. Two anti-sporozoite Mabs (C8C5, C6B6) reacted with a 20 kDa sporozoite antigen in western blots while the Mab C4A1 reacted with multiple antigens in western blots. These three Mabs (C8C5, C6B6, C4A1) were examined for potential modulation of cryptosporidial infections in vivo by oral Mab administration to oocyst-inoculated neonatal mice. The role for colostrum and breast milk in controlling cryptosporidial infections was examined by immunizing mouse dams and experimentally infecting their neonatal offspring. Colostrum and Mab-treated neonatal mice were sacrificed four days post infection. No difference in infection rates was observed among the treatment groups. Suckling mice treated daily with orally administered mixtures of Mabs (purified or ascitic fluid) showed significantly reduced parasite loads compared to control mice at four days post infection. In vitro cultivation of C. parvum was successful through asexual stages in human fetal lung, bovine turbinate and murine L929 cells. Parasite numbers that developed in the cell cultures varied from infection run to infection run.
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Lopez-Oliva, Santa Cruz Isabel. "Rheumatoid arthritis and periodontitis : antibody response, oral microbiome, cytokine profile and effect of periodontal treatment." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2018. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/8058/.

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Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease that affects about 1% of the world population. This common disease is characterized by chronic inflammation of the synovium that leads to destruction of cartilage and bone in the join, and the cause of this exacerbated inflammatory reaction remains unknown. Periodontitis (PD) is also a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by destruction of bone and other connective tissue that shares notable similarities with RA. Over the last 20 years, numerous studies have found an epidemiological connection between RA and periodontitis. However the biological mechanisms that explain the interrelations between the two conditions are not known. The aim of this thesis was to investigate the role of periodontitis in RA and the effect of periodontal therapy on immunological and microbiological parameters. To do that, different biological samples were collected from two pilot studies, comparing RA and periodontitis patients to the appropriate controls and from a selected group of randomized RAPD patients before and after periodontal therapy. The antibody response and subgingival microbiome of patients with RA and periodontitis were compared to the appropriate controls (no RA no PD, RA no PD, no RA PD). The effect of periodontal therapy on these parameters and on the cytokine changes in gingival crevicular fluid was also investigated. The findings from this thesis lend further credence to the link between RA and the oral microbiome, with RA patients having a disrupted and more anaerobic microflora and an exacerbated immunological reaction against periodontal bacteria and citrullinated proteins.
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Locker, Kathryn CS. "Molecular mechanisms underlying treatment of acute type 1 diabetes with an anti-TLR4/MD2 antibody." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1601993060493285.

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Books on the topic "Antibody treatment"

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K, Dessain Scott, ed. Human antibody therapeutics for viral disease. Berlin: Springer Verlag, 2008.

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1960-, Grossbard Michael L., ed. Monoclonal antibody-based therapy of cancer. New York: Dekker, 1998.

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A, Foon Kenneth, and Morgan Alton C, eds. Monoclonal antibody therapy of human cancer. Boston: Nijhoff, 1985.

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W, Baldwin R., Byers Vera S, and Mann R. D. 1928-, eds. Monoclonal antibodies and immunoconjugates in cancer treatment. Carnforth: Parthenon Publishing, 1990.

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Ceriani, Roberto L., ed. Antigen and Antibody Molecular Engineering in Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2443-4.

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L, Ceriani Roberto, and International Workshop on Breast Cancer Research (5th : 1992 : San Francisco, Calif.), eds. Antigen and antibody molecular engineering in breast cancer diagnosis and treatment. New York: Plenum Press, 1994.

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E, Frankel Arthur, ed. Immunotoxins. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1988.

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1927-, Baldwin R. W., Byers Vera S, and Mann Ronald D. 1928-, eds. Monoclonal antibodies and immunoconjugates. Carnforth, Lancs, UK: Parthenon Pub. Group, 1990.

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G, Melton Roger, and Knox Richard J, eds. Enzyme-prodrug strategies for cancer therapy. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, 1999.

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Oehlrich, Marcus. Recombinant monoclonal antibody trastuzumab for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer with tumors overexpressing the HER2-neu proto-oncogene: A systematic review. Berlin: dissertation.de, 2003.

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Book chapters on the topic "Antibody treatment"

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Acaia, Barbara, Federica Rossi, and Cecilia Beatrice Chighizola. "Treatment of Pregnancy Complications." In Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome, 193–206. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-11044-8_16.

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Braham, Simon, Paolo Bucciarelli, and Marco Moia. "Treatment of Thrombosis in Antiphospholipid Syndrome." In Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome, 185–92. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-11044-8_15.

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Press, Oliver W., Janet Eary, Frederick R. Appelbaum, Christopher C. Badger, and Irwin D. Bernstein. "Radiolabeled antibody therapy of lymphoma." In Cancer Treatment and Research, 127–45. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3084-8_9.

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Sanz, Ana Rodríguez, Melissa Báez Martínez, Ángel Robles Marhuenda, and Patricia Martínez-Sánchez. "Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome." In Stroke Revisited: Diagnosis and Treatment of Ischemic Stroke, 199–206. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1424-6_18.

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Oosterwijk, Egbert, Adrienne Brouwers, OTTO C. Boerman, Steven M. Larson, Lloyd J. Old, Peter Mulders, and Chaitanya R. Divgi. "Monoclonal Antibody Therapy of Kidney Cancer." In Cancer Treatment and Research, 199–212. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0451-1_12.

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Whelan, Glenn J. "Monoclonal Antibodies in the Treatment of Asthma." In Antibody-Mediated Drug Delivery Systems, 457–72. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118229019.ch22.

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Bhattacharya-Chatterjee, Malaya, and Kenneth A. Foon. "Anti-idiotype antibody vaccine therapies of cancer." In Cancer Treatment and Research, 51–68. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6189-7_4.

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Vahdat, Linda T., and Nancy Chan. "The Antibody-Drug Conjugate Glembatumumab Vedotin (CDX-011) and Its Use in Treatment of Breast Cancer." In Antibody-Drug Conjugates, 225–32. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13081-1_13.

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Deng, Rong, and Joseph P. Balthasar. "Immune Complex Therapies for Treatment of Immune Thrombocytopenia." In Development of Antibody-Based Therapeutics, 391–404. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-5955-3_17.

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Kumar, Dhruv, Neelam Sharma-Walia, Sonia Kapoor, and Simran Tandon. "Antibody-Targeted Nanoparticles for Cancer Treatment." In NanoBioMedicine, 35–65. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9898-9_3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Antibody treatment"

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Song, Muran. "The application of monoclonal antibody immunotherapy in cancer treatment." In International Conference on Biological Engineering and Medical Science (ICBIOMed2022), edited by Gary Royle and Steven M. Lipkin. SPIE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2669347.

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Prudent, James R., David Marshall, John Murphy, Chad Hall, and Scott Harried. "Abstract A125: Antibody targeted steroids for the treatment of cancer." In Abstracts: AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference: Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; November 5-9, 2015; Boston, MA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1535-7163.targ-15-a125.

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Herbert, Jenny, and Timothy Mitchell. "Development of an antibody therapy for the treatment of pneumonia." In ERS International Congress 2016 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2016.pa2623.

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Xu, Minglu. "Progress and perspectives of antibody-drug conjugates in cancer treatment." In International Conference on Biological Engineering and Medical Science (ICBIOMed2022), edited by Gary Royle and Steven M. Lipkin. SPIE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2669936.

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Willis, Jace A., Vsevolod Cheburkanov, Giulia Kassab, Vanderlei S. Bagnato, and Vladislav V. Yakovlev. "MHV-1 in vivo viral load reduction via antibody-conjugated photodynamic inactivation." In Photonic Diagnosis, Monitoring, Prevention, and Treatment of Infections and Inflammatory Diseases 2021, edited by Tianhong Dai, Mei X. Wu, and Jürgen Popp. SPIE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2577893.

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Parapia, L., A. Minford, and J. B. Hamilton. "MONOCLONAL PURIFIED FACTOR VIII:C (MONOCLATE) TREATMENT IN A PREVIOUSLY UNTREATED HAEMOPHILIA." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644846.

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Monoclate is a new generation of Factor VIII concentrate produced by purification using mouse monoclonal anti-Factor VIII:R antibody. As the- Factor VIII:C does not interact with the antibody it can be eluted by disrupting the Factor VIII:C - Factor VIII:R complex using a high concentration of calcium ions. The eluted Factor VIII:C is concentrated and purified. The method of manufacture has demonstrated efficacy in the elimination of infectious viral particles.The first “virgin” haemophiliac to be treated by this has completed 20 weeks follow-up. The patient, a child of 18 months with a Factor VIII:C level of 2.8%, was treated with 190 × 4 units of the Factor VIII concentrate for a severe cut of the lower lip.The HIV status has remained negative. The AST and ALT enzymes have remained within normal limits. Other parameters which have remained normal are Gamma GT, WBC and lymphocyte counts, T cell subsets and B cell ratios.The patient has remained well and no side effects have been noted. Mouse antibody titres are being carried out and the results will be presented at the conference.
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Ishiguro, Takahiro, Yasuko Kinoshita, Masamichi Sugimoto, Yoko Miyazaki, Atsuhiko Kato, Kiyotaka Nakano, Hirotake Takai, et al. "Abstract 2426: Anti-Glypican3 antibody for treatment of human liver cancer." In Proceedings: AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010‐‐ Apr 17‐21, 2010; Washington, DC. American Association for Cancer Research, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am10-2426.

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Giffin, Michael J., Ed K. Lobenhofer, Keegan Cooke, Tobias Raum, Jennitte Stevens, Pedro J. Beltran, Angela Coxon, and Paul E. Hughes. "Abstract 3632: BiTE®antibody constructs for the treatment of SCLC." In Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2017; April 1-5, 2017; Washington, DC. American Association for Cancer Research, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2017-3632.

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Schmittnaegel, Martina, Eike Hoffmann, Olaf Mundigl, Gerhard Niederfellner, Klaus Bosslet, Pablo Umana, Victor Levitsky, Christian Klein, and Hendrik Knoetgen. "Abstract B69: Novel MHC class I antibody fusions for cancer treatment." In Abstracts: AACR Special Conference on Tumor Immunology: Multidisciplinary Science Driving Basic and Clinical Advances; December 2-5, 2012; Miami, FL. American Association for Cancer Research, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.tumimm2012-b69.

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Nilsson, I. M., E. Berntorp, and O. Zettervall. "TOLERANCE INDUCTION IN HIGH-RESPONDING HEMOPHILIACS WITH F VIII ANTIBODIES BY MEANS OF COMBINED TREATMENT WITH IgG, CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE AND F VIII." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644717.

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Of 10 patients with hemophilia A and antibodies, 7 have been rendered tolerant by means of combined treatment with high-dose IgG i.v., cyclophosphamide and F VIII. When the initial antibody concentration exceeded 10 Bethesda inhibitor units per ml, the treatment was preceded by antibody adsorption to protein A. Six of the tolerant patients were originally classified as high-responders. After one week of the combined treatment, VI11:C dropped and the inhibitor reappeared in low titer. The F VIII infusions being continued alone, the inhibitor disappeared in the following week and VIII:C increased satisfactorily after infusion, while VIII:Ag (assayed immunoradiometrically) reached very high concentrations. In one patient the treatment had to be repeated once. Except for transient leukopenia, no side effects occurred. Earlier treatments with F VIII in combination with cyclophosphamide gave high anamnestic response. In two of the remaining three non-tolerant patients, anamnestic response decreased dramatically after two courses of the combined treatment. The tolerant state seems to be stable, as the tolerant patients have now been on regular prophylaxis with F VIII concentrate for periods varying from four months to four years. The half-life of infused F VIII is normal, while that of VIII:Ag is prolonged. On the basis of similar findings in hemophilia B patients, we believe the VIII:Ag to have become modi Tied and complexed to a 'new' antibody which lacks VIII:C inhibitory activity. It is known that modified antigen may act as a tolerogen. The tolerant state may thus be sustained by maintaining consistent concentrations of the modified antigen by means of the F VIII treatment. We conclude that the combined treatment described here is a safe and effective method of tolerance induction in hemophilia A patients.
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Reports on the topic "Antibody treatment"

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Sholler, Giselle. Marrow-Derived Antibody Library for Treatment of Neuroblastoma. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada593124.

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Basu, Sayani. Monoclonal Antibody Therapy: A New Hope in Cancer Treatment. Natur Library, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47496/nl.blog.14.

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The remarkable specificity, high efficacy and the ability to elicit an antitumor response indicate that monoclonal antibody therapy offers promise in the treatment of malignancy and appears to be clinically relevant
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Wu, Xin. The efficacy and safety of anti-CD20 antibody treatments in relapsing multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.6.0075.

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Review question / Objective: The objectives of this systematic review were to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the three existing anti-CD20 antibodies for the treatment of relapsing multiple sclerosis and to aid clinicians in choosing medications. Eligibility criteria: We set the inclusion criteria as follows: (1) study type: RCT; (2) language restriction: only available in English; (3) participants: patients ≥18 years of age diagnosed with relapsing MS, whether with a relapsing–remitting course or a secondary progressive course; (4) intervention: anti-CD20 antibody treatments including ocrelizumab, ofatumumab, rituximab, and corresponding control including placebo and active treatments; (5) outcomes: clinical outcomes including annualized rate of relapse (ARR), the number of patients free of relapse, and the number of patients with confirmed disease progression (CDP); magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) outcomes including gadolinium-enhancing lesion change in T1, change in the volume of lesions on T2, the number of patients with no new or newly enlarged lesions in T2 and the brain volume change (BVC); safety outcomes including adverse events (AEs) and serious adverse events (SAEs). Included RCTs were not requested to supply all the outcomes mentioned above. We set the exclusion criteria as follows: (1) study type: retrospective studies, cohort studies, case reviews and case reports; (2) patients diagnosed with primary progressive MS.
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Liu, Miao, Hongan Wang, Jing Lu, Zhiyue Zhu, Chaoqun Song, Ye Tian, Xinzhi Chen, et al. Vitamin D supplementation in the treatment of Myasthenia Gravis A protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.9.0129.

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Review question / Objective: The patients should meet the internationally recognized diagnostic criteria for myasthenia gravis and be definitely diagnosed as myasthenia gravis, excluding MG patients caused by congenital, drug and other factors, as well as patients with serious primary diseases, autoimmune diseases or mental diseases. Patients are not restricted by race, region, gender, age, background, course of disease and other factors. We will focus on trials using vitamin D as an intervention at any dose and in any regimen (eg daily/weekly/monthly intake). The control group was routinely given western medicine, including cholinesterase inhibitors, glucocorticoids, immunosuppressants, alone or in combination, or placebo. The intervention group was treated with vitamin D on the basis of western medicine treatment in the control group. The specific dosage form and dose were not limited, and the shortest course of treatment should be 4 weeks. Main outcome measures: (1) Quantitative score of myasthenia gravis (QMG); (2) Recurrence rate; (3) Effective. Secondary outcome measures: (1) The level of serum acetylcholine receptor antibody (AchRab); (2) The levels of inflammatory factors such as IL-6 and IL-10; (3) Clinical absolute score; (4) TCM syndrome score scale; (5) Quality of life score (QOL); (6) Incidence rate of adverse events. All randomized controlled trials (RCT) literatures from the establishment to September 2022 were retrieved and classified.
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Bray, Elizabeth, Zvi Lerner, and Alexander Poljakoff-Mayber. The Role of Phytohormones in the Response of Plants to Salinity Stress. United States Department of Agriculture, September 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1994.7613007.bard.

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Salinity is an increasing problem in many irrigated areas of crop production and is a significant factor in reducing crop productivity. Developmental, physiological, and molecular responses to salinity were studied in order to improve our understanding of these responses. Improvements in our understanding of plant responses to salinity are necessary in order to develop crops with improved salt tolerance. Previously, in Israel, it was shown that Sorghum biccolor can adapt to an otherwise lethal concentration of NaCl. These experiments were refined and it was shown that there is a specific window of development in which this adaption can occur. Past the window of development, Sorghum plants can not be adapted. In addition, the ability to adapt is not present in all genotypes of Sorghum. Cultivars that adapt have an increased coefficient of variation for many of the physiological parameters measured during the mid-phase of adaptation. Therefore, it is possible that the adaptation process does not occur identically in the entire population. A novel gene was identified, isolated and characterized from Sorghum that is induced in roots in response to salinity. This gene is expressed in roots in response to salt treatments, but it is not salt-induced in leaves. In leaves, the gene is expressed without a salt treatment. The gene encodes a proline-rich protein with a novel proline repeat, PEPK, repeated more than 50 times. An antibody produced to the PEPK repeat was used to show that the PEPK protein is present in the endodermal cell wall of the root during salt treatments. In the leaves, the protein is also found predominantly in the cell wall and is present mainly in the mesophyll cells. It is proposed that this protein is involved in the maintenance of solute concentration.
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Spiegel, Yitzhak, Michael McClure, Itzhak Kahane, and B. M. Zuckerman. Characterization of the Phytophagous Nematode Surface Coat to Provide New Strategies for Biocontrol. United States Department of Agriculture, November 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7613015.bard.

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Chemical composition and biological role of the surface coat (SC) of the root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne spp. are described. SC proteins of M. incognita race 3 infective juveniles (J2) were characterized by electrophoresis and western blotting of extracts from radioiodine and biotin-labelled nematodes. J2 labelled with radioiodine and biotin released 125I and biotin-labelled molecules into water after 20 hours incubation, indicating that SC proteins may be loosely attached to the nematode. Antiserum to the principal protein reacted with the surface of live J2 and with surface proteins previously separated by electrophoresis. Human red blood cells (HRBC) adhered to J2 of several tylenchid nematodes over the entire nematode body. HRBC adhered also to nylon fibers coated with SC extracted from M. javanica J2; binding was Ca++/Mg++ dependent, and decreased when the nylon fibers were coated with bovine serum albumin, or pre-incubated with fucose and mannose. These experiments support a working hypothesis that RBC adhesion involves carbohydrate moieties of HRBC and carbohydrate-recognition domain(s) (CRD) distributed on the nematode surface. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a surface CRD i the phylum Nematoda. Gold-conjugated lectins and neoglycoproteins combined with silver enhancement have been used for the detection of carbohydrates and CRD, respectively, on the SC of M. javanica J2. Biotin reagents were used to trace surface proteins, specifically, on live J2. The labile and transitory nature of the SC was demonstrated by the dynamics of HRBC adherence to detergent-treated J2, J2 at different ages or fresh-hatched J2 held at various temperatures. SC recovery was demonstrated also by a SDS-PAGE profile. Monoclonal antibodies developed to a cuticular protein of M. incognita J2 gave a slight, but significant reduction in attachment of Pasteuria penetrans spores. Spore attachment as affected by several enzymes was inconsistent: alcian blue, which specifically blocks sulfyl groups, had no afffect on spore attachment. Treatment with cationized ferritin alone or catonized ferritin following monoclonal antibody caused significant decreases in spore attachment. Those results suggest a role in attachment by negatively charged groups.
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Schwartz, Bertha, Vaclav Vetvicka, Ofer Danai, and Yitzhak Hadar. Increasing the value of mushrooms as functional foods: induction of alpha and beta glucan content via novel cultivation methods. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2015.7600033.bard.

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During the granting period, we performed the following projects: Firstly, we differentially measured glucan content in several pleurotus mushroom strains. Mushroom polysaccharides are edible polymers that have numerous reported biological functions; the most common effects are attributed to β-glucans. In recent years, it became apparent that the less abundant α-glucans also possess potent effects in various health conditions. In our first study, we explored several Pleurotus species for their total, β and α-glucan content. Pleurotuseryngii was found to have the highest total glucan concentrations and the highest α-glucans proportion. We also found that the stalks (stipe) of the fruit body contained higher glucan content then the caps (pileus). Since mushrooms respond markedly to changes in environmental and growth conditions, we developed cultivation methods aiming to increase the levels of α and β-glucans. Using olive mill solid waste (OMSW) from three-phase olive mills in the cultivation substrate. We were able to enrich the levels mainly of α-glucans. Maximal total glucan concentrations were enhanced up to twice when the growth substrate contained 80% of OMSW compared to no OMSW. Taking together this study demonstrate that Pleurotuseryngii can serve as a potential rich source of glucans for nutritional and medicinal applications and that glucan content in mushroom fruiting bodies can be further enriched by applying OMSW into the cultivation substrate. We then compared the immune-modulating activity of glucans extracted from P. ostreatus and P. eryngii on phagocytosis of peripheral blood neutrophils, and superoxide release from HL-60 cells. The results suggest that the anti-inflammatory properties of these glucans are partially mediated through modulation of neutrophileffector functions (P. eryngiiwas more effective). Additionally, both glucans dose-dependently competed for the anti-Dectin-1 and anti-CR3 antibody binding. We then tested the putative anti-inflammatory effects of the extracted glucans in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) using the dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)–induced model in mice. The clinical symptoms of IBD were efficiently relieved by the treatment with two different doses of the glucan from both fungi. Glucan fractions, from either P. ostreatus or P. eryngii, markedly prevented TNF-α mediated inflammation in the DSS–induced inflamed intestine. These results suggest that there are variations in glucan preparations from different fungi in their anti-inflammatory ability. In our next study, we tested the effect of glucans on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced production of TNF-α. We demonstrated that glucan extracts are more effective than mill mushroom preparations. Additionally, the effectiveness of stalk-derived glucans were slightly more pronounced than of caps. Cap and stalk glucans from mill or isolated glucan competed dose-dependently with anti-Dectin-and anti-CR-3 antibodies, indicating that they contain β-glucans recognized by these receptors. Using the dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-inflammatory bowel disease mice model, intestinal inflammatory response to the mill preparations was measured and compared to extracted glucan fractions from caps and stalks. We found that mill and glucan extracts were very effective in downregulatingIFN-γ and MIP-2 levels and that stalk-derived preparations were more effective than from caps. The tested glucans were equally effective in regulating the number of CD14/CD16 monocytes and upregulating the levels of fecal-released IgA to almost normal levels. In conclusion, the most effective glucans in ameliorating some IBD-inflammatory associated symptoms induced by DSS treatment in mice were glucan extracts prepared from the stalk of P. eryngii. These spatial distinctions may be helpful in selecting more effective specific anti-inflammatory mushrooms-derived glucans. We additionally tested the effect of glucans on lipopolysaccharide-induced production of TNF-α, which demonstrated stalk-derived glucans were more effective than of caps-derived glucans. Isolated glucans competed with anti-Dectin-1 and anti-CR3 antibodies, indicating that they contain β-glucans recognized by these receptors. In conclusion, the most effective glucans in ameliorating IBD-associated symptoms induced by DSS treatment in mice were glucan extracts prepared from the stalk of P. eryngii grown at higher concentrations of OMSW. We conclude that these stress-induced growing conditions may be helpful in selecting more effective glucans derived from edible mushrooms. Based on the findings that we could enhance glucan content in Pleurotuseryngii following cultivation of the mushrooms on a substrate containing different concentrations of olive mill solid waste (OMSW) and that these changes are directly related to the content of OMSW in the growing substrate we tested the extracted glucans in several models. Using dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)–inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) mice model, we measured the colonic inflammatory response to the different glucan preparations. We found that the histology damaging score (HDS) resulting from DSS treatment reach a value of 11.8 ± 2.3 were efficiently downregulated by treatment with the fungal extracted glucans, glucans extracted from stalks cultivated at 20% OMSWdownregulated to a HDS value of 6.4 ± 0.5 and at 80% OMSW showed the strongest effects (5.5 ± 0.6). Similar downregulatory effects were obtained for expression of various intestinal cytokines. All tested glucans were equally effective in regulating the number of CD14/CD16 monocytes from 18.2 ± 2.7 % for DSS to 6.4 ± 2.0 for DSS +glucans extracted from stalks cultivated at 50% OMSW. We finally tested glucans extracted from Pleurotuseryngii grown on a substrate containing increasing concentrations of olive mill solid waste (OMSW) contain greater glucan concentrations as a function of OMSW content. Treatment of rat Intestinal epithelial cells (IEC-6) transiently transfected with Nf-κB fused to luciferase demonstrated that glucans extracted from P. eryngii stalks grown on 80% OMSWdownregulatedTNF-α activation. Glucans from mushrooms grown on 80% OMSW exerted the most significant reducing activity of nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treated J774A.1 murine macrophages. The isolated glucans were tested in vivo using the Dextran Sodium Sulfate (DSS) induced colitis in C57Bl/6 mice and found to reduce the histology damaging score resulting from DSS treatment. Expression of various intestinal cytokines were efficiently downregulated by treatment with the fungal extracted glucans. We conclude that the stress-induced growing conditions exerted by OMSW induces production of more effective anti-inflammatory glucans in P. eryngii stalks.
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Cahaner, Avigdor, Susan J. Lamont, E. Dan Heller, and Jossi Hillel. Molecular Genetic Dissection of Complex Immunocompetence Traits in Broilers. United States Department of Agriculture, August 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2003.7586461.bard.

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Objectives: (1) Evaluate Immunocompetence-OTL-containing Chromosomal Regions (ICRs), marked by microsatellites or candidate genes, for magnitude of direct effect and for contribution to relationships among multiple immunocompetence, disease-resistance, and growth traits, in order to estimate epistatic and pleiotropic effects and to predict the potential breeding applications of such markers. (2) Evaluate the interaction of the ICRs with genetic backgrounds from multiple sources and of multiple levels of genetic variation, in order to predict the general applicability of molecular genetic markers across widely varied populations. Background: Diseases cause substantial economic losses to animal producers. Emerging pathogens, vaccine failures and intense management systems increase the impact of diseases on animal production. Moreover, zoonotic pathogens are a threat to human food safety when microbiological contamination of animal products occurs. Consumers are increasingly concerned about drug residues and antibiotic- resistant pathogens derived from animal products. The project used contemporary scientific technologies to investigate the genetics of chicken resistance to infectious disease. Genetic enhancement of the innate resistance of chicken populations provides a sustainable and ecologically sound approach to reduce microbial loads in agricultural populations. In turn, animals will be produced more efficiently with less need for drug treatment and will pose less of a potential food-safety hazard. Major achievements, conclusions and implications:. The PI and co-PIs had developed a refined research plan, aiming at the original but more focused objectives, that could be well-accomplished with the reduced awarded support. The successful conduct of that research over the past four years has yielded substantial new information about the genes and genetic markers that are associated with response to two important poultry pathogens, Salmonella enteritidis (SE) and Escherichia coli (EC), about variation of immunocompetence genes in poultry, about relationships of traits of immune response and production, and about interaction of genes with environment and with other genes and genetic background. The current BARD work has generated a base of knowledge and expertise regarding the genetic variation underlying the traits of immunocompetence and disease resistance. In addition, unique genetic resource populations of chickens have been established in the course of the current project, and they are essential for continued projects. The US laboratory has made considerable progress in studies of the genetics of resistance to SE. Microsatellite-marked chromosomal regions and several specific genes were linked to SE vaccine response or bacterial burden and the important phenomenon of gene interaction was identified in this system. In total, these studies demonstrate the role of genetics in SE response, the utility of the existing resource population, and the expertise of the research group in conducting such experiments. The Israeli laboratories had showed that the lines developed by selection for high or low level of antibody (Ab) response to EC differ similarly in Ab response to several other viral and bacterial pathogens, indicating the existence of a genetic control of general capacity of Ab response in young broilers. It was also found that the 10w-Ab line has developed, possibly via compensatory "natural" selection, higher cellular immune response. At the DNA levels, markers supposedly linked to immune response were identified, as well as SNP in the MHC, a candidate gene responsible for genetic differences in immunocompetence of chickens.
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