Relevant bibliographies by topics / Anti-Abrasion

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Academic literature on the topic 'Anti-Abrasion'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 18 May 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Anti-Abrasion"

Yao, Hai Bin, Xiang Zhang, Wen Ming You, Yong Sheng Li, and Lu Ming Mao. "A Repair Technology of Anti-Cavitation and Anti-Abrasion on Water Pump Impeller." Advanced Materials Research 651 (January 2013): 389–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.651.389.

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In this paper, some common repair schemes of anti-cavitation and anti-abrasion on water pump impeller are compared. The method of repair welding is firstly applied to repair the corrosion perforation on the impeller, and then Belzona polymer material is applied to paint the impeller. After using for a long time, it is confirmed that the coating of this technology is qualified with good anti-cavitation and anti-abrasion ability, which can save energy, reduce consumption and also has obvious economic benefits.

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Guo, Jinjun, Minghao Gao, Kun Wang, and Peng Zhang. "Mechanisms and influential variables on the abrasion resistance hydraulic concrete." Nanotechnology Reviews 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 2997–3019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ntrev-2022-0488.

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Abstract Abrasion damage is inevitable for hydraulic structure concrete, to increase the service life of large water conservancies and to keep them running safely and reliably, hydraulic concrete requires a high abrasion resistance. This review synthesizes current practices defined by scientific literature in a format focused on allowing quick comparison and understanding of the current scenario of anti-abrasion concrete enhancing mechanism, measuring methods, and approaches to enhance concrete abrasion resistance. Besides, the review highlights the application of widely used materials and potential materials application, like silica fume and fibers which are mature research at present, and effective but preliminary used materials like nanoparticles, to better understand the development of higher abrasion resistance of concrete. According to the present research, it indicate that incorporating enhancement materials into concrete to achieve better abrasion resistance are basically through the way of hardening cement paste, controlling internal crack propagation, or using stronger coarse aggregate to enhance its ability for anti-abrasive. Finally, based on the systematic literature review, a discussion on major areas holding the significant potential to improve current practices is presented and practical recommendations are provided to advance toward more direct and optimized methods.

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Jiang, Chao Hua, T. J. McCarthy, D. Chen, and Q. Q. Dong. "Study on the Bond and Anti-Abrasion Performance of Repair Materials for Hydraulic Concrete." Key Engineering Materials 426-427 (January 2010): 403–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.426-427.403.

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The bond and anti-abrasion performance of repair materials are the key factors for successful repair of hydraulic concrete. Acrylic acid emulsion (AAE) mortar, silica fume (SF) mortar, high strength (HS) mortar, polypropylene (PP) fiber mortar and basalt fiber (BF) mortar were prepared and their direct tensile bond strength, splitting tensile bond strength, abrasion resistance and SEM analysis of bond interface are studied in this paper. The results show that the highest direct tensile bond strength was recorded for fiber mortar. But compared to homogenous specimen’s tensile strength, AAE mortar showed the highest direct tensile bond strength. The anti-abrasion properties of repair mortars were tested with decreasing performance recorded in the following order: PP fiber mortar, SF mortar, BF mortar, HS mortar and AAE mortar. Compared with the HS mortar without fiber, the wear rate of PP fiber mortar was decreased by 29.2 % and the anti-abrasion strength was increased by 37.7%. This shows that adding fiber can greatly improve the anti-abrasion property. SEM analysis showed that addition of PP fiber and BF into repair mortar did not change the type of hydrates. The interface of AAE mortar was level and dense. The bond interface of SF mortar was uniform without big porosity. Addition of super plasticizer, the bond interface of HS mortar presented a large quantity of fibrous the CSH gel and less porosity which could improve the mortar bond effect effectively.

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Fan, Wen Jie, Fang Liu, and Hong Zhan Guo. "Mechanism of the Effect of Interface Structure on the Abrasion Performance of Polycrystalline Diamond Compact." Advanced Materials Research 230-232 (May 2011): 669–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.230-232.669.

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Abrasion performance is an important performance parameter of polycrystalline diamond compact. This paper focuses on the research for test method of PDC abrasion performance. With the improvement method, the abrasion performance of PDC with five typical macroscopic interface structure such as planar structure, v-groove, u-groove, ring groove, ring claw-tooth are tested at normal temperature and after heating, With SEM, we study on its mechanism of abrasion performance due to different macroscopic interfaces structure, analyze the reason why PDC abrasion performance is different with the changing of PDC macroscopic interface structure. The research result shows that the temperature influenced the wear property and the anti-impact property of PDC obviously. In the same technological conditions, the interfacial structure of the PDC layer and WC-Co substrate has little influence on the abrasion performance, and the diamond and grains can sinter better, causing the excellent abrasion performance of PDC.

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Lange, Katja, Charlotte Pfau, Erik Grunwald, Matthias Schak, Eric Matthes, Stefan Grob, Marko Turek, Christian Hagendorf, and Klemens Ilse. "Abrasion testing of anti-reflective coatings under various conditions." Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 240 (June 2022): 111732. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2022.111732.

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Pang, Youxia. "ANALYSIS OF THERMAL MICROSTRESSES OF ANTI-ABRASION ADHESION COATING." Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 36, no. 06 (2000): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3901/jme.2000.06.099.

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Kuru, Serdar, Osman Bahadir Bozkirli, Aziz Mutlu Barlas, Mehmet Esat Duymus, Mehmet Senes, Nihat Yumusak, Cevdet Yilmaz, and Kemal Kismet. "The Preventive Effect of Dexmedetomidine Against Postoperative Intra-abdominal Adhesions in Rats." International Surgery 100, no. 1 (January 1, 2015): 87–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.9738/intsurg-d-14-00184.1.

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Abstract This study aimed to determine the possible preventive effects of dexmedetomidine on postoperative intra-abdominal adhesions. Dexmedetomidine is a highly selective and potent α2 adrenergic agonist with sedative, analgesic, anxiolytic, sympatholytic, hemodynamic, and diuretic properties. In recent years, investigations have shown that dexmedetomidine possesses secondary antioxidant and also anti-inflammatory effects. Thirty Wistar albino male rats were randomized and divided into 3 groups of 10 animals each: group 1, sham-operated; group 2, cecal abrasion + peritoneal dissection; group 3, cecal abrasion + peritoneal dissection followed by daily intravenous injection of 10 μg/kg dexmedetomidine for 10 days. The animals were killed on postoperative day 21. Blood and cecal samples were taken for biochemical and histopathologic evaluation. In this study, biochemical and pathologic parameters were significantly better in the cecal abrasion + peritoneal dissection + dexmedetomidine group when compared with the cecal abrasion + peritoneal dissection group. Tissue malondialdehyde, myeloperoxidase, total sulfhydryl, and catalase were found to be significantly different between the cecal abrasion/peritoneal dissection + dexmedetomidine and the cecal abrasion/peritoneal dissection groups. Plasma malondialdehyde and total sulfhydryl values were also statistically different between these groups (P < 0.05). Statistical analyses of mean pathologic scores showed that the histopathologic damage in the cecal abrasion/peritoneal dissection + dexmedetomidine group was significantly less than the damage in the control group (P < 0.05 for all pathologic parameters). The results of this study show that dexmedetomidine had a significant preventive effect on postoperative intra-abdominal adhesions. We concluded that these effects might be due to antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.

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Wang, Huixin, Jian Zhuang, Jiangtao Yu, Hongyan Qi, Yunhai Ma, Hubiao Wang, and Zhijun Guo. "Fabrication of Anti-Reflective Surface with Superhydrophobicity/High Oleophobicity and Enhanced Mechanical Durability via Nanosecond Laser Surface Texturing." Materials 13, no. 24 (December 13, 2020): 5691. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13245691.

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In this work, anti-reflective surface with superhydrophobicity/oleophobicity and enhanced abrasion resistance was fabricated on steel alloy surface. Two different surface patterns (i.e., parallel microgrooves and spot arrays) were created by nanosecond laser ablation and chemical immersion. The surface micro/nanostructure, spectral reflectance, wettability, and abrasion resistance of all the samples were determined. The experimental results showed that the laser-chemical treated surfaces exhibited much lower spectral reflectance and significantly enhanced surface integrities compared with the untreated surface. Firstly, the contact angles of water, glycerol, and engine oil on the laser-chemical treated surfaces were increased up to 158.9°, 157.2°, and 130.0° respectively, meaning the laser-chemical treated surfaces achieved both superhydrophobicity and high oleophobicity. Secondly, the laser-chemical treated surface showed enhanced abrasion resistance. The experimental results indicated that the spectral reflectance of the laser-chemical treated surfaces remained almost unchanged, while the laser-chemical treated surface patterned with parallel microgrooves sustained superhydrophobicity with a water contact angle of 150.2° even after more than one hundred abrasion cycles, demonstrating the superior mechanical durability. Overall, this fabrication method has shown its effectiveness for fabrication of multifunctional metal surface integrating the surface functionalities of anti-reflectivity, superhydrophobicity/high oleophobicity, and enhanced abrasion resistance.

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Fang, Duoxun, Adham Al-akhali, Molin Cao, Jiahao Liu, and Zhengqiang Tang. "Robust Superhydrophilic/Underwater Superoleophobic Surface with Anti-Abrasion and Anti-Corrosion Performances Based on Laser Ablation." Coatings 13, no. 6 (June 17, 2023): 1118. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13061118.

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Preparing underwater superoleophobic surface is an effective method to solve the problems of oil adhesion on the underwater surfaces and oil spill in water. However, the underwater superoleophobic surfaces at present are not reliable in practical application due to their poor stability under corrosion and abrasion. Herein, we proposed a facile method to fabricate a robust superhydrophilic/underwater superoleophobic surface. The surface is combined with micro honeycomb frame structure and nanostructure, which was fabricated by laser ablation. The surface with the honeycomb pattern shows strong hydrophilicity with a water contact angle of 0° and stable underwater oil repellency with an underwater oil contact angle of 164.9°. Furthermore, it can maintain its excellent underwater superoleophobic performance after 120 cycles of abrasion and corrosion of 6 h at pH = 1–14.

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Li, Zongmei, and Xin Su. "Safety Monitoring Network Architecture of Water Release Structures Based on Intelligent Sensing Equipment for Concrete Abrasion." Journal of Sensors 2022 (September 30, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1818646.

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The concrete abrasion monitoring of water launch constructions is the key and hard factor in hydraulic engineering. With the development of technology, the present concrete abrasion monitoring techniques have made excellent progress; however, there are still some problems, such as the small monitoring range, and it is hard to totally mirror the diploma of abrasion damage. The smart sensing tools based totally on concrete abrasion is greater and extra used in engineering dimension due to the fact of its excessive precision and robust anti-interference ability. Based on the alive analysis accessory for accurate abrasion, this cardboard establishes the aegis ecology association anatomy of baptize barrage structures, selects the abstinent chafe advice of the project, incorporates out coaching modelling thru the education set, and forecasts the take a look at set. Through theoretical evaluation and accuracy verification test, it can be concluded that the smart sensing tools based totally on concrete abrasion can be used to measure the floor modifications of concrete materials, the size accuracy can attain 0.1 mm level, and the monitoring accuracy price can attain 95%, which can meet the necessities of concrete abrasion depth monitoring in hydraulic engineering.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Anti-Abrasion"

Shi, Ren-Mon, and 徐仁孟. "The Effect of Flakeglas Contents in Anti-Corrosive Coatings to Pull-Off Strength ,Abrasion Resistance and Humidity-Thermal cycle Cracking." Thesis, 1993. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/49779889909850406647.

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Books on the topic "Anti-Abrasion"

Internationales Symposium über Erosion, Abrasion und Kavitation im Wasserbau: 19. bis 21. Oktober 1988 in Zürich. Zürich: Die Versuchsanstalt, 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Anti-Abrasion"

Sun, Hong Fei, Can Ming Wang, Qiang Song, and Qiong Qiong Yan. "Research on High Temperature Anti-Abrasion Protection Technology of Thermocouple Cannula." In Key Engineering Materials, 1765–68. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-456-1.1765.

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Guo, Kelvii Wei. "Surface engineered nanostructures on metallic biomedical materials for anti-abrasion." In Anti-Abrasive Nanocoatings, 349–83. Elsevier, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-85709-211-3.00014-5.

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Vargas-Bernal, Rafael. "Advances in Functional Nanocoatings Applied in the Aerospace Industry." In Materials Science and Engineering, 1722–44. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-1798-6.ch071.

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Surfaces of aerospace components are subjected to heat, water, ice, electromagnetic waves, corrosion, abrasion, wear, thermal shock and/or fire during their lifetime. Materials science and engineering have introduced the use of coatings to protect the surface of the materials under these operating conditions. Materials such as ceramics, polymers, and metals and their combinations either as composites or hybrid materials, as well as functionalized versions of them, have been proposed as different design alternatives. Six different types of coatings can be identified: anti-corrosion, abrasion and wear-resistant, thermal barrier and flame-retardant, conductive, anti-icing, and superhydrophobic. This chapter will review the most important advances in functional nanocoatings, which are being researched and those already used in aerospace applications, as well as the profits that these materials can provide to the surfaces of the components where them are used.

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Vargas-Bernal, Rafael. "Advances in Functional Nanocoatings Applied in the Aerospace Industry." In Research Perspectives on Functional Micro- and Nanoscale Coatings, 318–40. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0066-7.ch012.

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Han, Xuesong, Yong Sun, Huaiqian Xiao, Sheng Dai, Yue Ding, and Fei Xu. "Study on Cycling Damage of Abrasion and Carbonization on Ship Lock Concrete." In Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering. IOS Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/atde220882.

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In the actual working conditions, the ship lock concrete is affected by the friction of the ship’s hull and erosion and wear of the ship’s traveling wave during the flood period and is damaged by CO2 in the air during the waterfall period. To study the performance degradation law of the ship lock concrete under this working condition, the underwater method was used to approximate the physical wear in the rising water period, and the accelerated carbonization was used to simulate the CO2 erosion in the falling water period. The duration of abrasion and carbonization are determined according to the design service index of the lock and the characteristics of navigability. The degradation of the concrete is reflected by the carbonation depth and anti-abrasion strength, and the composition and pore structure evolution of the concrete is characterized based on the Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry. The analysis show that the concrete of the inland ship lock exhibits a more obvious deterioration trend under the action of surface physical wear and carbonization cycle, and the abrasion accelerates the carbonization reaction to a certain extent.

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Tian, Ning, and Junping Zhang. "Superhydrophobic Coatings on Textiles and Papers." In Advances in Superhydrophobic Coatings, 307–34. Royal Society of Chemistry, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781837670031-00307.

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Superhydrophobic textiles and papers have attracted considerable attention due to their unique wettability and great potential for applications in fundamental research and industrial areas. In this chapter, first methods for the fabrication of superhydrophobic textiles and papers by increasing the surface roughness and decreasing the surface energy are overviewed, then the evaluation of their superhydrophobicity is summarized. The most frequently used parameters are contact angle, sliding angle, water shedding angle, water repellency grade and hydrostatic pressure resistance. Low mechanical durability is a key issue restricting their application. The mechanical durability is usually evaluated by abrasion, washing, impact, stretching and torsion tests, etc. To improve the mechanical durability, covalent bonding, cross-linking in coatings, employment of elastic composites, self-healing and multi-layer design are the approaches usually adopted. Finally, functionalization of superhydrophobic textiles and papers is introduced, including self-cleaning, hemostatic textiles and oil–water separation, anti-scalding, anti-bacterial and flame-retardant properties. For the further development and applications of superhydrophobic textiles and papers, high mechanical durability, environmentally friendly fabrication methods and low preparation costs are the main challenges. Waterborne, durable, non-toxic and low-cost superhydrophobic textiles and papers are desired, and purposeful design and functionalization of superhydrophobic textiles and papers are also necessary for their real-world applications.

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Conference papers on the topic "Anti-Abrasion"

Bukhari, Farwah, Fabiana Lisco, Sona Ulicna, Kurt Barth, and John M. Walls. "Abrasion resistance of hydrophobic, anti-soiling coatings for solar cover glass." In 2020 IEEE 47th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pvsc45281.2020.9300904.

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Huang, K. F., J. P. Fang, S. H. Wu, B. Xu, L. Ye, and Z. K. Liu. "Comparative Analysis of Anti-Cavitation and Abrasion Resistance Properties of two Different Detonation Coatings." In ITSC2010, edited by B. R. Marple, A. Agarwal, M. M. Hyland, Y. C. Lau, C. J. Li, R. S. Lima, and G. Montavon. DVS Media GmbH, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2010p0758.

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Abstract Combined damage of cavitation and abrasion is one of the serious problems that affect lifetime and performance on hydraulic machineries and its components. Thermal spraying as a surface hardening and protection technology is required to protect hydraulic components, such as water turbine and radial flow pump, in general. Detonation sprayed coating with high abrasion resistance is one of the promising solutions as the protective coating against combined damage of cavitation and abrasion under solid-liquid double phase liquid conditions. In this study, NiCr-Cr3C2 and WC12Co coatings on the No.45 steel substrate surface have been formed by detonation spraying with the same technological parameter and their properties such as microstructure and microhardness have been studied. The cavitation and abrasion behavior of coatings and the substrate has been investigated using a self-manufactured rotating disk system. The resistance properties of cavitation erosion and abrasion have been illustrated and analyzed with the substrate by the cumulative mass loss curves. The results indicate that, the resistance properties of cavitation erosion and abrasion of NiCr-Cr3C2 coating are the best.

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Su, Xiu-li, and Bo Li. "The effect of slag on the performance of anti-abrasion for concrete pavement." In 2011 International Conference on Electric Technology and Civil Engineering (ICETCE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icetce.2011.5776543.

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Liu, Hou-lin, Man-hui Cao, Jie Chen, Yong Wang, and Cheng-bin Wang. "Experimental Study on Abrasion and Cavitation Resistance of Non-Metallic Coating Materials for Pump." In ASME-JSME-KSME 2019 8th Joint Fluids Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ajkfluids2019-5003.

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Abstract The protection of the flow-passage components of pump by using coating is an important method to increase wear resistance. This paper aims at examining abrasion resistance and cavitation erosion resistance of three typical non-metallic coating materials for pump including epoxy resin mortar, composite resin mortar and polyurethane. A wear-resistance test bench was built, using ultrasonic vibrating air eroding machine. Meanwhile, the main relative raw materials and formulas were introduced. The results indicate that: (1) The accumulated volume reduction of abrasion of composite resin mortar changes in an oblique waveform, and its abrasion resistance is better than that of epoxy resin mortar in a short period of time. The wear rate of epoxy resin mortar and composite resin mortar is higher than that of polyurethane. The total wear volume of epoxy resin mortar, composite resin mortar and polyurethane is decreased by 8.74%, 9.89% and 0.58% respectively within 30h of anti-wear test time; (2) The accumulated volume reduction of cavitation erosion of epoxy resin mortar is proportional to the time. In anti-cavitation erosion test time of 26 h, the erosion volume of composite resin mortar, polyurethane and epoxy resin mortar cavitation is reduced by 0.44%, 0.29% and 0.35%, respectively. It shows that cavitation erosion resistance of three coating materials is similar, while polyurethane materials have the best abrasion resistance.

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Storozhuk, Ivan, Maksim Orlov, Vyacheslav Bogachev, Aleksandr Kalinnikov, and Nadezhda Pavlukovich. "Polyurethane protective and anti-icing coating for structures for various purposes." In IV International Forum Advances in Composite Science and Technologies (Moscow, 2 – 3 December 2021). "Publishing company "World of science", LLC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15862/67mnnpk22-04.

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An effective protective and anti-icing material “Silafob” based on hydrophobic silane-containing polyurethane has been developed, which has good mechanical properties, abrasion resistance, high adhesion to metals, chemical resistance, and increased hydrophobicity. The effectiveness of the material has been tested on bench tests in high-speed dusty airflow and in the classical icing mode in Federal Autonomous Institution “Central Institute of Aviation Motors” (CIAM).

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Bęczkowski, Robert, Marek Gucwa, Joanna Wróbel, and Adam Kulawik. "The impact of the bead width on the properties of the anti-abrasion surfacing weld." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF NUMERICAL ANALYSIS AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS 2015 (ICNAAM 2015). Author(s), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4952331.

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Lugbauer, M., E. Badisch, and A. Kröll. "Wear Behaviour and Performance of a Cost-Effective Iron-Based, Carbide-Reinforced, Sintered Coating." In ITSC2010, edited by B. R. Marple, A. Agarwal, M. M. Hyland, Y. C. Lau, C. J. Li, R. S. Lima, and G. Montavon. DVS Media GmbH, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2010p0010.

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Abstract In every industry wear plates and parts are demanded in heavy duty standards at cost effectiveness and environmental friendliness. For that reasons a new kind of coating technology was developed, and first applied on parts for agricultural machinery for getting results from the field. Simultaneously lab tests were done to compare the wear behaviour and performance of these sintered iron-based coatings with mainly chromium-carbides and borides in it, with other well known wear-resistant coatings like hard chrome, thermal sprayed coatings (Ni-matrix/WC), PTA welded coatings (Ni-matrix/WC, high speed steel) and processed steel like Hardox. Wear tests were performed under 3-body-abrasion as well as combined impact/abrasion conditions, respectively. Dry-sand rubber-wheel procedure according ASTM G65 was used to investigate low stress abrasion, whereas for high stress abrasion investigations a steel wheel was used. A special designed impeller-tumbler apparatus was used for combined impact and abrasion wear tests. Analysis after testing was done quantitatively by gravimetric mass loss, and qualitatively using SEM microscopy (edge stability, wear mechanisms). The ambition of this investigation is to secure the wear performance of the sintered iron-based coating at low production costs compared to well known anti-wear solutions applied in wear intensive industries.

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Law, Adam M., Farwa Bukhari, Luke O. Jones, Ali Abbas, and John Michael Walls. "Testing the Abrasion Resistance of Porous SiO₂ Anti-reflection Coatings for Solar Cover Glass." In 2022 IEEE 49th Photovoltaics Specialists Conference (PVSC). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pvsc48317.2022.9938907.

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Nowlan, Isabelle, Annie Ross, and Michel J. Pettigrew. "Dynamic Interaction Between a Straight Tube and an Anti-Vibration Bar." In ASME 2009 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2009-77804.

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Fretting-wear is a known problem in steam generator U-tubes. These tubes are supported by flat bars called anti-vibration bars (AVB) in the plane of the U-bend. Clearances between the tubes and the bars are designed to be minimal, but cumulative tolerances and manufacturing variations may lead to clearances larger than expected. Large clearances may result in ineffective support leading to in-plane and out-of-plane motion causing fretting-wear and impact abrasion. In the present work, the problem is investigated with a single two span tube, an anti-vibration bar at mid-span and a local excitation force. The dynamic behavior of a tube with simple supports at both ends and an anti-vibration bar at mid-span is characterized. The influence of clearance, preload and tilt of the support on the dynamics of the tube are investigated experimentally. The results indicate that the fretting-wear work-rate is very low with preloads, reaches a maximum around a zero clearance and diminish again for larger clearances. The tilt of the anti-vibration bar in our experiments seems to change the dynamic behavior of the tube.

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Williamson, A. I. (Sandy), James R. Hancock, and P. Singh. "The Resistance of Advanced Pipeline Coatings to Penetration and Abrasion by Hard Rock." In 2000 3rd International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2000-183.

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The resistance to rock penetration and abrasion damage of four advanced pipeline anti-corrosion coatings on buried steel linepipe was quantified by means of controlled pipe burial tests. Production-coated steel linepipes were buried in three different gradations of crushed hard rock, and a Caterpillar 966D wheel loader was driven directly over the buried pipes twice daily for 12 consecutive days. Subsequent excavation and inspection of the pipes showed that the coatings experienced progressively more damage (quantified by the number of holidays) with increase in rock size and progressively less damage with increase in coating thickness. A quantitative relationship between coating damage and coating thickness was defined for the two larger rock sizes.

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