Journal articles on the topic 'Anthropometry Statistical methods'
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1
Roebuck, John A. "Aerospace and Ergonomic Methods for Ear Anthropometry Supported by Bulgarian Research." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 63, no. 1 (November 2019): 1699–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181319631232.
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Translation into English has recently been completed for excerpts on ear and craniofacial anthropometry from an innovative, unpublished Bulgarian-language doctoral thesis written in 1986 by a plastic surgeon, M. M. Madzharov, MD-PhD; MD-SC. Most remarkable among the many benefits of the translation was revelation of heretofore unavailable text descriptions for 49 dimensions. Of these, 43 explain the titles and abbreviations with summary statistical data on ear measurements for young adults that were published in 1989 in the English language. Especially valuable among these data were four new and unique, long-axial ear lengths, all measured from a common ear landmark. These could locate “station planes” for cross-section views of human ears, similar to those for 3-D coordinate systems in aircraft and spacecraft fuselage engineering. Examples explaining the concepts and values of such a new approach to ear anthropometry are herein introduced, described and illustrated, together with previously recommended improvements in ear anthropometry notation and illustration, a virtual Ear Primary View Plane, a section plane through the ear long axis, newly introduced “semi-width” measurements extending perpendicular to the aforementioned section plane, new concepts of “view depths,” which are measured perpendicularly from the Ear Primary View Plane toward ear surfaces and a previously described three-axis aircraft motion analogy for defining static ear orientation. These innovative approaches are advocated for adoption by future researchers, designers of related hardware, modelers and standards developers.
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Robinette, Kathleen M., and Harry G. Armstrong. "Three-Dimensional Anthropometry-Shaping the Future." Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 30, no. 3 (September 1986): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193128603000301.
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New hardware technological developments have broadened the scope of anthropometric research by allowing easier, more precise and more comprehensive collection of quantitative information in three–dimensional (3D) form. This information will provide better design and evaluation information for protective equipment and clothing, better modelling information for workspace design, and more accurate information for the biomechanical evaluation of designs. In addition, the ability to identify the surface more precisely allows for the investigation of relationships, in numerical form, between surface and subsurface anatomy on living people. This could have clinical as well as research application. The goal of this session is to provide a forum for exchange of information on the new developments, research and application in the area of 3D anthropometry. One paper presented here discusses devices available for 3D data collection, and their pros and cons for various applications. Also discussed is the new statistical and graphical technology needed for understanding and use of the huge collections of information which result with 3D data collection, as well as methods used in 3D modelling and examples of current 3D research efforts.
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Milanese, Chiara, Marco Sandri, Valentina Cavedon, and Carlo Zancanaro. "The role of age, sex, anthropometry, and body composition as determinants of physical fitness in nonobese children aged 6–12." PeerJ 8 (March 17, 2020): e8657. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.8657.
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Purpose The determinants of physical fitness in children have been given limited attention. In particular, the relative role of chronological age, sex, anthropometry, and body composition in physical fitness of children has been barely investigated. This cross-sectional study investigated determinants of physical fitness using a set of predictive variables including, in addition to chronological age and sex, a large panel of anthropometric measurements as well as body composition. The study was carried out in a convenience sample of children aged 6–12 participating in a summer camp. Methods One-hundred-ninety-three children (128 males) fulfilled all requirements and entered analysis. Health-related physical fitness components (speed, muscular power and balance) were explored by means of field tests, namely the 30-m dash test for running speed, the standing long jump and the seated chest pass test for lower limbs and upper body muscular power, respectively, and the flamingo balance test for static balance. Determinants of physical fitness were investigated by regression analysis using chronological age, sex, anthropometry, and body composition in a hierarchical approach. To minimize the expected effect of collinearity in predictor variables, an original statistical approach using Random Forests analysis was adopted. Results Age predicted 45.2%, 43.6%, 35.6% and 25.6%; and sex 9.5%, 10.7%, 6.3% and 2.0% of variance in the 30-m dash, seated chest pass, standing long jump, and flamingo balance test, respectively. Anthropometry and body composition explained a limited or no percentage of variance. The adjusted R2 (root mean square error) was 0.61 (0.31 s), 0.45 (0.32 m), 0.58 (0.15 m) and 0.41 (0.75 logs) for the 30-m dash, seated chest pass, standing long jump, and flamingo balance test, respectively making these models useful when physical fitness tests are not feasible. Conclusions We highlighted the respective role of chronological age, sex, anthropometry, and body composition in physical fitness of children in the wide age range 6–12 years. Data confirm and expand on previous literature by showing with a strictly conservative statistical approach that chronological age is a main determinant of physical fitness of both boys and girls, sex playing a limited role. The role of anthropometry was even less important, and no role was found for body composition. These findings should be considered when planning/implementing motor development or physical education programs.
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Traykova, T. "PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN OF PRESCHOOL AGE." Trakia Journal of Sciences 18, Suppl.1 (2020): 903–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.15547//tjs.2020.s.01.148.
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Purpose of the study: To register the dynamics of the basic parameters of the physical development of children from the fourth preparatory group, as a result of the implementation of an enriched educational content in physical culture pedagogical situations. 54 girls and 67 boys were investigated and measured twice – at the beginning and at the end of the pedagogical experiment. Anthropometric parameters assessed: height, body weight, chest circumference. Methods: Theoretical analysis, pedagogical experiment, anthropometry, statistical methods. Results: Height: the highest increase in that parameter was found in the Experimental Group of boys and the smallest one – in girls of the Control group. Body weight: boys from the EG showed the highest increase, while the lowest one was found in boys from CG. Chest circumference: the greatest increase was measured in CG of, while the smallest one in the EG of girls. In conclusion, we can underline that the changes in the anthropometric parameters are due both to the laws of biological developments of children at that age, as well as to the applied enriched educational content.
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Dimitrijevic, Marko, Verica Paunovic, Vladimir Zivkovic, Sergey Bolevich, and Vladimir Jakovljevic. "Body Fat Evaluation in Male Athletes from Combat Sports by Comparing Anthropometric, Bioimpedance, and Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry Measurements." BioMed Research International 2022 (September 5, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3456958.
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Multiple anthropometric equations have been developed aiming to provide accurate and affordable assessment of body fat composition in male athletes. This study examined correlations of values obtained from seventeen different anthropometric equations to DXA as well as BIA and DXA values. Male athletes ( n = 101 ) from three different combat sports, wrestling ( n = 33 ), judo ( n = 35 ), and kickboxing ( n = 33 ), with an average age of 20.9 ± 4.2 were included. Body fat percentage was estimated using anthropometry, BIA, and DXA. Correlations between anthropometric methods and DXA, as well as BIA and DXA, were determined using Spearman’s rank correlation. Sixteen out of seventeen estimates of body fat percentages using existing anthropometric equations showed strong positive correlation with the values derived from DXA measurements ( r = 0.569 − 0.909 ). The highest correlation was observed using the equation derived by Yuhasz, r = 0.909 , followed by the equations from Oliver et al., Evans et al., Faulkner, and Thorland et al. ( r ≈ 0.9 ). Statistical analysis of body fat percentages from DXA and BIA measurements also showed high positive correlation ( r = 0.710 ). Correlation of seventeen anthropometric equations with BIA and DXA methods revealed that equations by Yuhasz, Oliver et al., Evans et al., Faulkner, and Thorland et al. are suitable alternative for assessing body fat percentage among male athletes from combat sports, showing even stronger correlation than BIA method.
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Meldere, Ilze, Valdis Urtans, Dina Kruze, Aigars Petersons, and Zane Abola. "Neonatal Anthropometry: Measurement of the Abdominal Circumference in Newborns." Acta Chirurgica Latviensis 13, no. 2 (December 1, 2013): 47–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/chilat-2014-0010.
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Abstract Introduction. Neonatal anthropometric measurements, including body weight, length, head circumference and abdominal circumference are routine procedures in obstetric and neonatal departments. Standard values for neonatal population are established for body weight, length, head and thoracic circumference, however there are no reference values for neonatal abdominal circumference, futhermore, this measurement currently is not a routine procedure in every obstetric and neonatal unit. In order to evaluate the increase of abdominal circumference in newborns with a disease of organs of abdominal cavity including necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), the abdominal girth of newborns soon after birth without pathology in the abdominal cavity should be ascertained. Thereby, the average value of the abdominal circumference of newborns in Latvia could be obtained. Aim of the Study. The aim of our study is to measure the abdominal circumference in premature and term-born neonates soon after birth and to define the correlation between abdominal circuit and birth weight. Materials and Methods. The measurement of waist girth was carried out in 460 neonates within 30 minutes after birth. Newborns were divided into 4 groups according to birth weight: extremely low birth weight (ELBW) - under 1000 g, very low birth weight (VLBW) - 1001 g - 1500 g, low birth weight (LBW) - 1501 g - 2500 g and term neonates with 2501 g - 4590 g birth weight. The abdominal circumference was measured in 2 obstetric units in accordance with the previously established measurement methods. Results. There was no statistical difference between abdominal circumference in boys and girls in ELBW, VLBW and LBW groups (p>0.05). Mean abdominal circumference in ELBW group was 18,70 cm (SD=0,84) in boys and 18,67 cm (SD=1,40) in girls, VLBW group was 22,20 cm (SD=1,42) and 21,94 cm (SD=1,29) in boys and girls, respectively. Mean abdominal circumference in LBW group was 24.47 cm (SD=2.36) in boys, and 24.92 cm (SD=2.23) in girls. Independent Samples Test: Mean abdominal circumference was statistically different in boys and girls in 2500g -4590g birth weight group with median value 30.56 cm in boys, and 33.23 cm in girls (p<0,05). Mean value in girls was 3.33 cm higher than in boys. Dependent Variable linear regression: Specific formula for estimation of normal abdominal circumference was developed as a result of this study: y=0.0044x+16.38 (y - abdominal circumference, cm; x - body weight, grams; 0.0044 - regression coefficient; 16.38 - regression constant). Conclusions. The difference of mean abdominal circumference was not statistically significant in boys and girls in ELBW, VLBW and LBW groups, however, the difference was significant in the term-born neonates group. As a result of this study reference values and specific formula were established, which allows determination of normal abdominal circumference in neonates depending on birth weight.
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Chaplygina, Elena V., and Elena S. Elizarova. "Characterization of the anatomical variability of the body composition of adolescents in normal and in the autonomic dysfunction syndrome." Morphology 159, no. 2 (August 1, 2022): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/1026-3543-2021-159-2-55-62.
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AIM: To study the anatomical variability of the component composition of the body in adolescents in normal conditions, and in autonomic dysfunction syndrome (ADS), using anthropometry and bio-impedance analysis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved healthy adolescents and adolescents with ADS of the vagotonic, mixed and sympathicotonic types. The values of basic anthropometric (body length and weight, waist, and hips) and bio-impedance metric values (absolute and relative values of fatty, lean, musculoskeletal, and active cell masses) were obtained. The Quetelet index (BMI), and waist-hip index were calculated. Statistical analysis of the data obtained was performed.
RESULTS: Low values of anthropometric indicators, absolute values of fat, lean, musculoskeletal masses, and high values of active cell mass were observed in the group of adolescents with the vagotonic type of ADS compared to other groups of examined adolescents. High values of anthropometric indicators, absolute values of fat, lean, musculoskeletal masses, and low values of active cell mass were obtained in the group of adolescents with a sympathicotonic type of ADS. The values of the studied parameters in groups of healthy adolescents and adolescents with mixed-type ADS occupied an intermediate position compared to the groups with vagotonic and sympathicotonic types.
CONCLUSIONS: Statistically significant differences in the values of the absolute and relative indicators characterizing the component composition of the body, were revealed in practically healthy adolescents and adolescents with various types of autonomic dysfunction syndrome.
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Sousa, Adelaine Maria de, Thais Carine Lisboa Silva, Bruna de Carvalho Vaigel, Roberto Carlos Mourão Pinho, and Renata Cimões. "Family functioning and dental trauma, malocclusion and anthropometry in adolescents." Brazilian Journal of Oral Sciences 20 (February 9, 2021): e211883. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/bjos.v20i00.8661883.
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Aim: The aim of the study was to investigate perceived family cohesion and adaptability and its association with trauma, malocclusion and anthropometry in school adolescents. Methods: Cross-sectional study with a representative sample of 921 adolescents from 13 to 19 years old of both sexes, enrolled in state public schools of a northeastern Brazilian municipality. A questionnaire with sociodemographic questions, the FACES III scale was applied and a clinical oral examination (dental trauma and malocclusion) and anthropometric (BMI by age) were performed. For statistical analysis, was evaluated by the Chi-square test. The variables that presented significance in the bivariate analysis of up to 25% were taken to the multivariate analysis (multinomial logistic regression), variables that presented significance in bivariate analysis of up to 25% were taken to multivariate analysis and all conclusions were drawn considering the significance level of 5%. Results: As a result, it was identified that displaced families were associated with low maternal education, agglutinated families associated with the absence of caries. Rigid families were associated with marked overjet and caries. The prevalence of dental trauma (37.5%) was considered high. Conclusion: It was concluded that family cohesion and adaptability were associated with oral health and socioeconomic factors.
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Hauwa, Bako. "Assessing cardiovascular status using biomarkers and anthropometry among patients with Type-2 Diabetes in a resource limited setting." Annals of Medical Laboratory Science 1, no. 1 (March 20, 2021): 36–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.51374/annalsmls.2021.1.1.0019.
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Background: Diabetes places extra-burden on those affected with the condition particularly in resource constraint settings. Inaccessibility to affordable diagnostic procedures poses a major challenge to the assessment of cardiovascular status in patients with type-2 diabetes in resource limited settings. The study was aimed at evaluating some easily accessible biochemical markers and anthropometric indices implicated in cardiovascular disease amongst T2DM patients. Methods: One hundred and sixty (160) type-2 diabetic patients grouped into type-2 diabetes only as group 1, type-2 diabetic patients diagnosed with hypertension as group 2, and eighty (80) age and sex-matched controls as group 3, were enrolled in a cross-sectional pattern. Biochemical parameters were assayed using standard laboratory methods. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0 with statistical significance considered at p≤0.05. Results: The values obtained for diabetic groups were: Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) 9.07±1.99, 10.15±4.98, Total Homocysteine (tHcy) 14.85±52.10, 28.35±100.35, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) 6.72±6.78, 10.00±11.15, Waist Circumference, 92.58±1.55, 93.65±18.91, Hip Circumference, 96.87±9.01, 98.96±20.33, Systolic Blood Pressure, 113.50±12.94, 135.50±22.72, Diastolic Blood Pressure, 70.75±8.57, 75.38±12.62, Body Mass Index, 25.40±4.70, 26.93±6.50 (among patients) and HbA1c 5.81±0.86, tHcy 0.75±1.44, hs-CRP 5.30±6.19, Waist Circumference 83.15±10.69, Hip Circumference 93.50±22.05, Systolic Blood Pressure, 113.50±10.20, Diastolic Blood Pressure, 77.00±7.19, Body Mass Index, 24.84±4.93 (among controls). Conclusion: The assessment of some cardio metabolic markers and anthropometric indices may provide easy and accessible tools for prediction and assessment of cardiovascular disease in patients with T2DM especially in resource poor settings.
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Vangara, Shanmukha Varalakshmi, Dhananjay Kumar, and Neel Kamal Arora. "A cross-sectional study of facial index in Western Uttar Pradesh population between 18-25 years of age." Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 12, no. 6 (June 1, 2021): 75–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v12i6.34059.
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Background: Facial anthropometry is the scientific study of measurements and proportions of the human face. There is huge paucity in the metric measurements of face in Indian population. This study is involved in collecting facial anthropometric data of Western Uttar Pradesh population of age group between 18-25 years.
Aims and Objectives: This study aims at evaluating predominant facial phenotype, using facial height and facial width of Western Uttar Pradesh population as study subjects.
Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 200 medical and paramedical students of Shri Ram Murti Smarak Institute of Medical Sciences (SRMS-IMS), Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh. The study subjects were of 18-25 year’s age, belonging to Western Uttar Pradesh region. Digital Vernier Caliper was used to measure the facial parameters. The data was analyzed using statistical tool SPSS 16.0 version.
Results: In the present study it is found that facial height and width are more in males compared to females. This difference is statistically significant. On analyzing facial index, hyperleptoprosopic face is the predominant phenotype in males as well as in females, followed by leptoprosopic type in males and mesoprosopic type in females. However, gender differences in facial index are not statistically significant at p<0.05.
Conclusion: The current study reveals that facial parameters can be used to determine the gender of an individual on the basis of height and width.
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Dindaroğlu, Furkan, Pınar Kutlu, Gökhan Serhat Duran, Serkan Görgülü, and Erhan Aslan. "Accuracy and reliability of 3D stereophotogrammetry: A comparison to direct anthropometry and 2D photogrammetry." Angle Orthodontist 86, no. 3 (May 1, 2016): 487–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/041415-244.1.
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ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of three-dimensional (3D) stereophotogrammetry by comparing it with the direct anthropometry and digital photogrammetry methods. The reliability of 3D stereophotogrammetry was also examined. Materials and Methods: Six profile and four frontal parameters were directly measured on the faces of 80 participants. The same measurements were repeated using two-dimensional (2D) photogrammetry and 3D stereophotogrammetry (3dMDflex System, 3dMD, Atlanta, Ga) to obtain images of the subjects. Another observer made the same measurements for images obtained with 3D stereophotogrammetry, and interobserver reproducibility was evaluated for 3D images. Both observers remeasured the 3D images 1 month later, and intraobserver reproducibility was evaluated. Statistical analysis was conducted using the paired samples t-test, intraclass correlation coefficient, and Bland-Altman limits of agreement. Results: The highest mean difference was 0.30 mm between direct measurement and photogrammetry, 0.21 mm between direct measurement and 3D stereophotogrammetry, and 0.5 mm between photogrammetry and 3D stereophotogrammetry. The lowest agreement value was 0.965 in the Sn-Pro parameter between the photogrammetry and 3D stereophotogrammetry methods. Agreement between the two observers varied from 0.90 (Ch-Ch) to 0.99 (Sn-Me) in linear measurements. For intraobserver agreement, the highest difference between means was 0.33 for observer 1 and 1.42 mm for observer 2. Conclusions: Measurements obtained using 3D stereophotogrammetry indicate that it may be an accurate and reliable imaging method for use in orthodontics.
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Derevtsova, S. N., and N. N. Medvedeva. "Sexual dimorphism of subcutaneous tissue in adolescents." Siberian Medical Review 5 (2021): 80–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.20333/25000136-2021-5-80-87.
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Aim of study. To reveal peculiarities in topography and quantitative content of subcutaneous tissue in adolescents with different values of BMI and sexual dimorphism index. Material and methods. A total of 498 male and female adolescents of European ethnicity were studied. The methods applied were anthropometry, caliperometry, ultrasound scanning of subcutaneous tissue, the method for BMI and sexual dimorphism calculation by J.M. Tanner (1951) and statistical analysis. Results. Sexual inversion manifested by gynecomorphy was revealed in 11.0% male patients and andromorphy was observed in 22.5% female patients. Caliperometry provided the following results: obesity in male adolescents lead to a statistically significant increase in the skinfold thickness as compared to subjects with normal BMI in the following areas: abdomen – 39mm [38.6; 41.17] against 13.15mm [12.57; 16.8] (2.97-fold); rear shoulder – 18.25mm [16.94; 20.13] against 6.25mm [5.47; 8.58] (2.90-fold); back – 28mm [26.13; 29.98] against 10.5 [9.93; 12.67] (2.67-fold). Female adolescents with obesity were noted to have statistically significant increase in skinfold thickness in the following areas: front shoulder – 21.3mm [20.73; 23.46] against 5.7mm [4.61; 7.39] (3.73-fold); above pectoral muscles – 15.0mm [13.25; 20.12] against 5.7mm [4.13; 7.0] (2.63-fold); abdomen: 37.0mm [31.18; 39.42] against 16.0mm [11.10; 18.54] and thigh: 42.3mm [40.13; 45.64] against 18.3mm [17.92; 20.72] (2.31-fold). It has been shown that assessment of topology and thickness of skinfolds on certain body parts depending on the BMI and morphotype of subjects will make it possible to reveal their predisposition to sexual inversion and include them into the risk group. Conclusion. Through the method of caliperometry (identical sonography data) and anthropometry, a pattern in skinfold distribution depending on the morphotype has been determined. Target biomarkers for topography and thickness of skinfolds characteristic to subjects with sexual inversion have been studied.
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Khanna, Archana, and Shyamal Koley. "Comparison of anthropometric profile and handgrip strength between inter-university volleyball players and a reference group." Biomedical Human Kinetics 12, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 82–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bhk-2020-0011.
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SummaryStudy aim: In a volleyball game, multiple elements can influence competitive success, e.g. height, arm span and other anthropometric variables. The present cross-sectional study was undertaken to find out whether any differences exist between Indian inter-university male and female volleyball players as well as between players and a reference group in terms of anthropometry and handgrip strength.Materials and methods: The present cross-sectional research was conducted on 114 randomly selected Indian inter-university male (n = 50) and female (n = 64) volleyball players aged 18–25 years. An equal number of reference group individuals who did not participate in any exercise or training programme were also taken. Height, body weight, body mass index (BMI) (kg/m2), hand length, hand breadth, second digit length, fourth digit length, second and fourth digit ratio (2D/4D ratio), upper arm length, forearm length, total arm length, upper arm circumference, hip circumference; humerus and femur biepicondylar diameters, handgrip strength (dominant/non-dominant), arm muscle area, arm area, arm fat area, arm fat index, % body fat, and % lean body mass were measured with equipment including an anthropometer, sliding caliper, handgrip dynamometer and skinfold caliper using standard techniques. The data were analysed using SPSS version 17.0. Student’s t-test was applied for the comparison of data between players and the reference group. Differences between the groups were analysed using the oneway ANOVA test. Bonferroni post hoc test was applied after application of the ANOVA test. Effect size was also calculated. Statistical significance (p < 0.05) was indicated using a 5% level of probability.Results: Male volleyball players had higher mean values in height, body weight, hand length, hand breadth, second and fourth digit length, dominant and non-dominant handgrip strength, humerus and femur biepicondylar diameter, upper arm length, forearm length and total arm length, arm muscle area, arm area and percent lean body mass than the reference group. Similar findings were observed between female players and the reference group also. Statistically significant differences (p < 0.05–0.001) were also observed between male and female players except BMI, 2D/4D ratio, and arm fat area. These findings were supported by the effect size (η) calculations.Conclusion: Volleyball players had better height, weight, hand and arm anthropometrics, handgrip strength and % lean body mass as compared to the reference group. Significant differences were found in anthropometry and handgrip strength between players and reference group individuals, suggesting that these findings could be very useful for player selection and talent identification in sports.
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Moskviak, N. V. "The retrospective comparative analysis of physical development of middle school age children." Environment & Health, no. 4 (101) (November 2021): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.32402/dovkil2021.04.019.
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Objective: We determined the morphological indicators of 12-year-old schoolchildren in Lviv, established the differences between the anthropometric parameters of the children's population from other large cities of Ukraine, and assessed the trends in physical development changes over a long period. Materials and methods: According to the conventional methods of anthropometry, we examined 348 12-year-old schoolchildren (including 172 boys and 176 girls) studying at Lviv city general education institutions. Results: Gender peculiarities of morpho-functional development of 12-year-old schoolchildren in the large cities of Ukraine were revealed. They reflect the active endocrine remodeling of children, which is primarily inherent in the performance of girls. The values of individual anthropometric parameters, both among boys and girls, were determined to be significantly higher (p <0.05) than the National criteria (2013). At the same time, the height of Kyiv schoolgirls is smaller (p <0.05) against the national norms. During the analyzed period, pronounced accelerative processes were observed in the development of the 12-year-old children’s population in Kharkiv and Odessa, which indicates a certain dependence of the processes of growth and formation of the organism on the climatic and geographical conditions of habitat and the level of industrial development of the territory. The average statistical parameters of the basic indicators of physical development of Lviv schoolchildren are lower than the similar parameters of 12-year-old children in Poland. Conclusions: The obtained results of the study confirm our previous assumptions about the necessity to work out the regional standards for anthropometric indicators of middle age schoolchildren at the regional level and recommend to use them in the assessment of children's health by family doctors and pediatricians. In the future, it is planned to expand the list of major cities in Ukraine selected for our study, and increase the number of sample groups of 12-year-old schoolchildren, which will increase the level of statistical reliability of the results.
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Figueroa, Jenifer Tatiana, Sorany Vera, Luz Helena Aranzález, and Ismena Mockus. "Nutritional condition and IGF-1 and IGFBP-2 serum concentrations in students aged 7 to 9 attending two educational institutions." Revista de la Facultad de Medicina 64, no. 3 (July 1, 2016): 439. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/revfacmed.v64n3.54454.
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Introduction: Nutritional vulnerability is more evident during childhood, since malnutrition has an impact on academic performance and is linked to different diseases during this period. Likewise, an increase in the incidence and prevalence of obesity in children has been observed, therefore, researches that assess nutritional conditions of children attending schools may have high-impact results in terms of public health.Objective: To relate children’s nutritional condition by using anthropometry, with serum concentrations of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and its binding protein 2 (IGFBP-2).Materials and methods: A cross-sectional observational and comparative study was performed in children aged 7 to 9 attending two schools, one from the public sector and the other from the private sector. An anthropometric assessment was performed in 157 children, while IGF-1 and IGFBP (enzyme immunoassay) serum concentrations were measured in 81 children. Pearson’s coefficient, analysis of variance (ANOVA), Dunnet’s test and Games Howell’s test, with a 95% confidence interval and a p<0.05 statistical significance, were considered for performing the statistical analysis.Results: Overweight and obesity were found in 46 subjects; the prevalence of obesity was higher in boys, while overweight prevalence was higher in girls. A direct relation between IGF-1 and height (p<0,05) was observed, while an inverse relation between IGFBP-2 and BMI (p<0,001) was found.Conclusions: IGF-1 serum concentrations were higher in students attending the public school.
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Bano, Rafia. "Maternal anthropometry and weight gain as risk factors for low birth weight in singleton uncomplicated pregnancies." International Journal of Growth and Development 1, no. 1 (December 7, 2017): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.25081/ijgd.2017.v1i1.7.
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Objectives: The present cross sectional study was done to investigate the maternal anthropometry and weight gain in relation to pregnancy outcomes of mothers in Hail city of Saudi Arabia. Methods: The study was carried out in two maternity hospitals of Hail, Saudi Arabia. Sample size of 522 mothers who delivered single live baby without any congenital abnormality were selected to be included in the present study. Mother’s and infant’s anthropometric measurements were taken with standard techniques. Hemoglobin, blood sugar and blood pressure were recorded using electronic devices. Information regarding the demographic characteristics, health status of mothers, antenatal checkups and health related habits were accessed through structured questionnaire. Data was entered and analyzed through the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 17.0 Software. Odds Ratios, Means, Pearson’s correlation, Analysis of Variance were done to find out the risk factors associated with poor pregnancy outcome. Results: The mean birth weight of the infants was 3.16 kg ranging from 1.7 kg to 5.4 kg. Male babies tend to be heavier, whereas 100% of the very low birth weight deliveries were only females. Other factors like maternal Body mass Index before pregnancy, Weight gain in pregnancy, Maternal anemia, presence of chronic illnesses like diabetes, Hypertension and hypo/hyperthyroidism had effected the birth weight of newborn infants. Conclusion: The present study provides some useful data to promote healthy pregnancy outcomes. Maternal factors like nutritional status, poor pregnancy weight gain and unhealthy obstetric history are found to be the major risk factors.
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Kafle, Raju, Ruchi Gupta, Binod Kumar Gupta, and Badri Kumar Gupta. "Study On Skin Fold Thickness in Newborns as an Index of Foetal Nutritional Assessment." Journal of Nepal Paediatric Society 40, no. 3 (December 15, 2020): 241–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v40i3.29517.
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Introduction: Skin fold thickness is a measure of adiposity and is a validated method of assessing malnutrition in older children. The present study was undertaken to see the role of skin fold thickness measurement in neonates as an index of foetal nutritional assessment and to compare between CAN (Clinical Assessment of Nutrition) score and other anthropometric indicators in foetal malnutrition (FM).
Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in postnatal ward of Universal College of Medical Sciences-Teaching Hospital for a duration of six months. Three hundred seventy term newborns were assessed by CAN score and anthropometry recorded. The CAN score was determined and those with scores < 25 was classified as having foetal malnutrition. Skin fold thickness using the Slim Guide skin fold caliper was taken at the triceps, biceps, sub scapular, supra iliac and quadriceps locations for each neonate. Two readings were taken at every site and the mean was recorded. All the skin fold thickness measurements were correlated with the CAN score and statistical comparisons were made.
Results: Incidence of FM was 18.38%. The mean (SD) for sum of all skin-fold thickness at all sites for males and females were 4.3 ± 1.61 and 4.18 ± 0.72 mm respectively. All the skin-fold thickness measurements correlated significantly with the CAN score, but the sum of the five had the best correlation. The mean (SD) of anthropometric data of babies and sum of all comparing foetal malnutrition versus without foetal malnutrition using nutritional status CAN score was statistically significant (p-value < 0.001).
Conclusions: The sum of all five skin-fold measurements might be a useful screening tool for FM in view of its objectivity, convenience and simplicity, but it is not sufficiently sensitive or specific to replace the CAN score in the identification of FM in neonates.
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Nair, Abhilasha, Mohan K. Doibale, Bina M. Kuril, and Vijay K. Domple. "Study of nutritional status of adolescent girls in a rural area of a district of Maharashtra." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 4, no. 12 (November 23, 2017): 4617. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20175340.
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Background: Adolescence is the transition period between childhood and adulthood where rapid physical, mental, emotional and social development takes place. Adolescent girls are at greatest risk for nutrient deficiency and it badly affects their overall development. With this background this study was conducted to study some aspects of the socio-demographic profile and to assess the nutritional status of adolescent girls by anthropometry in a rural area of a district. Methods: It was a community based cross sectional study conducted during January 2015 to June 2015 in 10 villages of a district. 583 adolescent girls were interviewed using pre designed, pretested questionnaire and anthropometric examination was done. Results were analyzed with the help of Microsoft Excel 2007 and SPSS version 16.0 statistical software. Results: Mean age of the study population was 13.95±2.48 years. Majority (63.12%) were Hindu and belonged to nuclear family (54.72%). 45.63% were educated up to high school level. Most of the girls belonged to socio economic class IV (45.46%). The prevalence of underweight and stunting in this study was 36.54% and 48.37% respectively. Statistically significant association was found between underweight and marital status of adolescent girls (p=0.029). The association of age group, religion and educational status with stunting was statistically significant (p<0.05). Mean BMI of the total 583 study subjects was 17.66±2.42 kg/m2. The prevalence of thinness was 18.87% in this study, significantly associated with religion, type of family and socioeconomic status (<0.05). Conclusions: Since the prevalence of under nutrition was high among adolescent girls in our study, appropriate health education and nutrition intervention should be directed towards them to improve their nutritional status.
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Sakibaev, K. Sh, N. T. Alexeeva, D. B. Nikityuk, N. M. Tashmatova, and S. V. Klochkova. "Anthropometric Features of Ethnic Kyrgyz of Different Age Groups." Journal of Anatomy and Histopathology 7, no. 4 (January 11, 2019): 56–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.18499/2225-7357-2018-7-4-56-60.
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The purposeof this study was to develop data about growth-weighted indexes of men of youthful and Mature age, ethnic Kyrgyz.Material and methods. 955 men of youthful and Mature age, ethnic Kyrgyz living in Osh and its vicinities, practically healthy were examined. The method of complex anthropometry included estimation of 21 parameters necessary for somatotyping. The length and weight of the body were determined. Morphometric data processing was carried out with the help of statistical programs Microsoft Excel and STATISTICA 6.0 package. The differences between the two compared values were considered reliable according to the student's criterion at p < 0.05.Results. Somatotyping of men showed predominance of abdominal somatotype, with a minimum percentage of breast somatotype. The analysis of growth-weight indicators in different somatotypes showed that regardless of the somatotype, the length of the body increases slightly during the transition from adolescence to the 1st period of adulthood, which is explained by the continuation of growth processes. A slight decrease in body length in the 2nd period of adulthood is due to natural physiological processes and is a proven age-dependent fact.Conclusion. In the result of the study shows the distribution in the relative number of different somatotypes of men in the Kyrgyz population; shows the age and somatotypological characteristics of height and body mass that has significant scientific and practical importance.
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Mahadzir, Muhammad Daniel Azlan, Kia Fatt Quek, and Amutha Ramadas. "Nutrition and Lifestyle Behavior Peer Support Program for Adults with Metabolic Syndrome: Outcomes and Lessons Learned from a Feasibility Trial." Nutrients 12, no. 4 (April 15, 2020): 1091. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12041091.
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Background: While peer support interventions have shown to benefit adults with certain chronic conditions, there is limited evidence on its feasibility and effectiveness among people with metabolic syndrome (MetS). This paper describes the outcomes of a pre-post feasibility trial of “PEeR SUpport program for ADults with mEtabolic syndrome” (PERSUADE), an evidence-based and community-specific nutrition and lifestyle behavior peer support program for Malaysian adults with MetS. Methods: We recruited 48 peers (median age: 46 (IQR = 11) years old) into four peer groups, who underwent 3 months of PERSUADE, followed by 3 months of follow-up period. Statistical analyses were conducted at post-intervention and post-follow-up to assess the changes in nutrition intake, anthropometry, and metabolic parameters. Results: Although there were significant overall increases in total carbohydrate intake and glycemic load (both p < 0.001), we noted significant reductions in the intakes of total energy and fat (both p < 0.001). Physical activity (total METS/week) also showed a significant improvement (p < 0.001). Overall, significant but marginal improvements in anthropometric and vital metabolic parameters were also observed. Conclusions: The feasibility trial supported the adoption of PERSUADE, though there is a need to assess the long-term impact of the peer support program in local community settings.
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Nabil Basim, Yousif Haddad, О. А. Serebrennikova, I. V. Gunas, Yu V. Kyrychenko, and T. O. Rekun. "Features of total and longitudinal body sizes in men with benign nevi." Reports of Morphology 27, no. 3 (September 23, 2021): 61–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.31393/morphology-journal-2021-27(3)-09.
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The use of anthropometric markers to predict the onset or severity of the disease is key to solving the problem of preventive medicine and can be an indispensable tool in preventive examinations in schools, universities and industries. The purpose of the study was to establish total and longitudinal body sizes in men of the first mature age with benign nevi. Anthropometry (determination of total and longitudinal body sizes) was performed according to Bunak’s scheme for men (aged 22-35 years) patients with melanocytic benign simple nevi (n=34), melanocytic benign dysplastic nevi (n=27), melanocytic benign congenital nevi (n=14) and non-melanocytic benign nevi (n=17). As a control from the data bank of the research center of National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya selected total and longitudinal body sizes of 82 practically healthy men of the same age group. Statistical processing of the obtained results was performed in the license package “Statistica 5.5” using non-parametric evaluation methods. It was found that the mass and surface area of the body in healthy men is lower than in patients (except for dysplastic nevi), and in patients with dysplastic nevi – lower than in patients with non-melanocytic nevi; the height of the suprathoracic, acromial and finger anthropometric points in healthy men is lower than in patients with nevi (except for the acromial point height in patients with dysplastic nevi), and the height of the pubic and acetabular anthropometric points – in healthy men is greater than in patients with simple (only pubic point) and dysplastic nevi; in addition, the height of the pubic and acetabular anthropometric points in patients with simple nevi is lower than in patients with non-melanocytic nevi and congenital nevi (only for the acetabulum height). Given the height of anthropometric points and the fact that body length between healthy and sick men has no significant or tendency differences, in sick men we observe a longer torso and shorter lower extremities (most pronounced in patients with simple and dysplastic nevi), which is a manifestation of “subpathological” constitutional types, which indicate a longer torso and shorter lower extremities.
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MATEOS-MARCOS, Sonia, María Pilar VILLENA-ESPONERA, and Rafael MORENO-ROJAS. "Nutritional assessment of Esmeraldan adult population (Ecuador)." Revista de Nutrição 30, no. 6 (December 2017): 735–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-98652017000600006.
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ABSTRACT Objective To analyse the nutritional status of the adult population in Esmeraldas by means of anthropometric measurements, the input of macro and micronutrients in the diet, and the adequacy estimation of nutrient intake by hispanic Dietary Reference Instakes along with the sex and the age influence. Methods Nutrient intake data were obtained by personal interview with the application of two 24 hour recalls (weekend and weekday). The anthropometric indicators analysed were body mass index, waist circumference and blood pressure. Nutriplato version 2.0 software was used for the two 24-hours food recall surveys data processing, and for the respective calculations of macronutrients, micronutrients and Dietary Reference Intakes. Means and standard deviations were calculated for anthropometry, nutrient intakes and Dietary Reference Instakes. The General Linear Model was applied to identify differences in relation to nutrient intakes considering sex, profession, body mass index, group, origin and day of the week as factors. Results Statistical analysis showed significant differences mainly in carbohydrates, fiber, calcium, phosphorus, iron, sodium, iodine, and vitamin E. Dietary intakes were compared with the Federación Española de Sociedades de Nutrición, Alimentación y Dietética Dietary Reference Intakes requirements and calcium, potassium, iodine, riboflavin, pantothenic acid, biotin, vitamin D, vitamin E, fiber, monounsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids are below the Dietary Reference Instakes in all ages and gender subgroups. The anthropometric results obtained indicated that 67.0% of the population were overweight and obese, the 87.7% of the adults suffered from prehypertension and the waist circumference indicated that 73.0% of the subjects were established in the range of high risk of cardiovascular disease. Conclusion Priority nutrition actions and interventions are needed to be developed in Esmeraldas adult population.
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Kapoor, Anju, Sukarn Awasthi, Ankit Yadav, and Shraddha Tiwari. "Assessment of Foetal Malnutrition Using CAN Score and its Comparison With Various Anthropometric Parameters and Proportionality Indices." Journal of Nepal Paediatric Society 41, no. 3 (December 31, 2021): 320–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v41i3.35535.
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Introduction: Nutritional status at birth is assessed by using various anthropometric parameters and proportionality indices. Present study aims to assess the utility of CAN score in identifying fetal malnutrition (FM) which would have been missed by using anthropometry alone. We also aim at re-evaluating the cut-off value of CAN score for our population. Methods: Nutritional status of 411 neonates was assessed using anthropometric parameters, proportionality indices and CAN score. Effectiveness of each parameter in detecting FM was assessed and compared with CAN score cutoff < 25 as well as new found cut-off < 27 using appropriate statistical tools. Result: Mean (SD) of all anthropometric parameters were significantly less in FM group (p < 0.001). CAN score identified FM in 18.5% (76 / 411) babies whereas weight for GA identified 8.8% (36 / 411) babies as SGA and 91.2% as AGA (375 / 411); 12.3% (46 / 375) babies identified as AGA, were found to be malnourished by CAN score. Similar trend is seen with other parameters too. ROC curves show that AUC for birth weight, mid arm circumference, body mass index, Ponderal index, length and MAC / HC for determining FM was 0.891, 0.855, 0.837, 0.761, 0.749 and 0.714 in decreasing order. Birth weight with cut-off 2300 grams in a term newborn has maximum AUC making it the best marker for predicting FM. Present study identifies more FM by using modified CAN score cut off < 27 instead of < 25, 32.11% (132 / 411) and 18.5% (76 / 411) respectively. Conclusion: CAN score is a simple method to assess FM which does not require any sophisticated equipment or time-consuming calculations.
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Apriantono, Tommy, Indria Herman, Bagus Winata, Muhamad Fahmi Hasan, Agung Dwi Juniarsyah, Sri Indah Ihsani, Iwa Ikhwan Hidayat, Imam Safei, and Ilham Hindawan. "Differences of physiological characteristics of taekwondo junior players vs pencak silat junior players." Physical Activity Review 8, no. 2 (2020): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.16926/par.2020.08.16.
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Introduction: Because of the fact that detailed data on the physiological characteristics of Pencak Silat are still limited. The primary purpose of this study to assess the physiological responses of Pencak Silat athletes and a secondary aim is to compare the physiological responses of Pencak Silat athletes with physiological responses of Taekwondo athletes. Material and Methods: This study has included 17 male junior martial art athletes (aged 15–16 years). This study requires all participants to completed one familiarization session and two experimental sessions. During the first session (laboratory condition), anthropometry was measured in the laboratory, and during the second session (on-court condition), the participants completed tests for anaerobic capacity (sprint test 60-m, vertical jump, push-ups, and sit-ups) and VO2max test. Results: The statistical analysis revealed no significant differences in anthropometry, vertical-jump, sit-ups, push-ups, and 60-m sprint results among TKD and PKS groups. Furthermore, the TKD group had significantly higher VO2max (p=0.015), when compared with the PKS group. Conclusion: The present investigation describes similar physiological characterizes, such as weight, height, BMI, BMR, body fat and also performances of vertical jump, sit-ups, push-ups, and 60-m sprint tests among Taekwondo and Pencak Silat athletes. However, in comparison with junior Pencak Silat athletes, the junior Taekwondo athletes have better VO2max.
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Heidy, Heidy, Tena Djuartina, and Robi Irawan. "THE CORRELATION OF HAND GRIP STRENGHT WITH FOREARM AND HAND ANTHROPOMETRY AND BODY MASS INDEX." Damianus Journal of Medicine 18, no. 1 (February 5, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.25170/djm.v18i1.2189.
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Introduction: An individual’s overall muscle strength is commonly assessed by a power grip measurement, a reliable indicator of functional capacity and physical condition. The development of muscle parallels the changes of body composition during growth. Aim of this study is to examine the correlationship between hand grip strength and anthropometric.
Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 76 male students of Dhammasavana School, aged between 12 – 16 years old, North Jakarta. Hand grip strength was examined using a digital dynamometer on the dominant side. Statistical analysis was computed using SPSS ver. 15.0 program with Spearman correlations test. Significance was set at p<0.05.
Results: Dominant hand grip strength was found to have significant (p<0.05 - 0.001) positive correlation with height (r=0.612), lower arm muscle-and-bone cross-sectional circumference and area (CSA) (r=0.553 and r=0.553 respectively), hand length (r=0.548), forearm length (r=0.540), age (r=0.520), weight (r=0.416), and forearm girth (r=0.376).
Conclusion: No significant correlation between grip strength and body mass index was found. Positive correlations between the variables mentioned above conclude that the higher the value of the anthropometric measurements, the greater the strength generated in a power grip.
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Edibamode, E. I., K. Mordi, L. K. David, and A. M. Eghoi. "ANTHROPOMETRY OF THE EXTERNAL EAR AMONG ADULT IJAWS IN BAYELSA STATE OF NIGERIA." International Journal of Medicine and Medical Research 5, no. 1 (July 12, 2019): 75–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.11603/ijmmr.2413-6077.2019.1.9897.
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Background. External ear measurement is of utmost importance in reconstructive surgeries.
Objectives. The present study is aimed at ascertaining sexual dimorphism in external ear anthropometry and ear lobe attachments among adults Ijaws in Bayelsa, Nigeria.
Methods. A total of 112 adults within the age range of 18-50 yrs, who met the inclusion criteria, were involved in the study. Four linear dimensions of the ear, which are ear length (EL), ear width (EW), lobular length (LL) and lobular width (LW), were measured for both genders. The lobular attachment for both ears for males and females were also examined and results recorded. These data were subjected to Student t-test, Chi-square test, and Pearson’s correlation using SPSS version 20.0.
Results. The mean values for EL, EW, LL, and LW for the left auricle in the males and females were 58.14±0.60, 27.41±0.37, 14.47±0.27, 13.50±0.34 and 57.90±0.16, 27.45±0.65, 15.41±0.31, 13.43±0.38 respectively. However, for the right auricle in the males and females, the values were 58.40±0.45, 28.21±0.68, 14.32±0.31, 13.04±0.32, and 56.66±1.10, 27.51±0.65, 15.58±0.29, 13.28±0.34 respectively. The left and right lobular length were the only parameters that proved statistical significance (p<0.05) in females compare to males. Pearson’s correlations between right and left sides for each of the parameters were positive and significant. Chi-square analysis revealed no significant relationship (p>0.05) between earlobe attachments and gender.
Conclusions. Sexual dimorphism was thus established in the Ijaw population as regards lobular length dimensions. It is believed that the results of this study would be very useful for ear morphology and reconstructive surgeries.
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Syuhada, Khreshna, Dessie Wanda, Risti Nur’aini, Chairun Ardiantari, and Ayu Susilo. "Statistical Risk Characteristics and Risk Scoring of Hospital-Acquired Malnutrition for Pediatric Patients." Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism 2020 (June 9, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/4305487.
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Background. Malnutrition is a global health problem and challenge for every country. It may occur in any form and affect all levels of age including children. We pay particular attention to the so-called hospital-acquired malnutrition (HaM) for pediatric patients. Our aim was to explore statistical risk factors or characteristics as well as to forecast risk scoring for such malnutrition. Methods. This study employed a cross-sectional design involving children from 1 month to 18 years of age who were hospitalized for at least 72 hours. We used secondary data from 308 medical records of pediatric patients who were admitted to the hospital in 2017. We excluded the data if the patient had tumors or organomegaly, fluid retention, and dehydration. HaM was determined based on a weight loss each day during hospitalization until the day of discharge. Statistical data analysis is carried out for both descriptive and inferential statistics. Our predictive model is yielded by linear regression, and risk scoring is obtained through logistic regression. Results. The findings showed several risk factors or characteristics for HaM prevalence: sex, age, medical diagnosis, diet, nutrition route, and NEWS score. The early warning system to pediatric patients is conducted by calculating malnutrition-at-risk in which a value beyond 100.5 is considered as having high potential risk for HaM. Conclusion. Nurses are expected to monitor pediatric patients’ condition, including measuring the anthropometry regularly, in order to identify the initial signs of HaM.
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Cho, Hang Joo, Yunsup Hwang, Seiyun Yang, and Maru Kim. "A Comprehensive Analysis of the Association of Psoas and Masseter Muscles with Traumatic Brain Injury Using Computed Tomography Anthropometry." Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society 64, no. 6 (November 1, 2021): 950–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3340/jkns.2021.0004.
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Objective : Psoas and masseter muscles are known markers of sarcopenia. However, the relative superiority of either muscle as a marker is unclear. Therefore, this study analyzed the two muscles in patients with a prognosis of traumatic brain injury (TBI).Methods : Patients with TBI visiting a regional trauma center between January 2017 and December 2018 were selected, and their medical records were reviewed. TBI patients with an abbreviated injury score (AIS) of 4 or 5 were selected. Patients with an AIS of 4 or 5 at the chest, abdomen, and extremity were excluded. Patients with a hospital stay of 1 to 2 days were excluded. Both muscle areas were measured based on the initial computed tomography. The psoas muscle index (PMI) and the masseter muscle index (MMI) were calculated by dividing both muscle areas by height in meters squared (cm2/m2). These muscle parameters along with other medical information were used to analyze mortality and the Glasgow outcome scale (GOS).Results : A total of 179 patients, including 147 males (82.1%), were analyzed statistically. The mean patient age was 58.0 years. The mortality rate was 16.8% (30 patients). The mean GOS score was 3.7. Analysis was performed to identify the parameters associated with mortality, which was a qualitative study outcome. The psoas muscle area (16.9 vs. 14.4 cm2, p=0.028) and PMI (5.9 vs. 5.1 cm2/m2, p=0.004) showed statistical differences between the groups. The PMI was also statistically significant as a risk factor for mortality in logistic regression analysis (p=0.023; odds ratio, 0.715; 95% confidence interval, 0.535–0.954). Quantitative analyses were performed with the GOS scores. Bivariate correlation analysis showed a statistically significant correlation between PMI and GOS scores (correlation coefficient, 0.168; p=0.003). PMI (p=0.004, variation inflation factor 1.001) was significant in multiple regression analysis. The masseter muscle area and MMI did not show significance in the study.Conclusion : Larger PMI was associated with statistically significant improved survival and GOS scores, indicating its performance as a superior prognostic marker. Further analyses involving a larger number of patients, additional parameters, and more precise settings would yield a better understanding of sarcopenia and TBI.
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Shah, S., and S. Koirala. "Morphological variation of head and face shapes in 17-25 years old adult population of Nepal." Journal of Morphological Sciences 32, no. 03 (July 2015): 121–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4322/jms.075314.
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Abstract Introduction: Cephalic Index and Prosopic Index are very useful anthropometric tool to find out racial and sexual differences and also give a clue to genetic transmission of inherited characteristics from parents to their offspring. Materials and Methods: A descriptive non-interventional cross-sectional study was conducted on normal undergraduate medical students of Nepalese origin from BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Nepal on September 2012. A total of 313 (male=186 and female=127) Nepalese young adult students with their ages ranging from 17-25 years were included for the study after taking permission from institutional ethical board and committee. All the measurements were carried out after careful palpation of the head for anatomical landmarks and measurements were taken to the nearest 1mm. Results obtained were presented as mean and standard deviation. Independent student t test and anova test was applied to find out the gender, geographical and ethnic differences. A “p” value of < 0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance. Results: The head and face form of males were hyperbrachicephalic and mesoprosopic respectively and of females were mesocephalic and leptoprosopic respectively.The head and face form of Tibeto-Nepalese were hyperbrachicephalic and mesoprosopic; of Indigenous were brachiocepalic and mesoprosopic and of Indo-Nepalese were mesocephalic and leptoprosopic respectively. Conclusion: Thus the racial factor, gender, geographical and regional variations influences the craniofacial anthropometry especially head and faces form.
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Raschka, Christoph, O.-Sung Kwon, and Horst J. Koch. "Body composition of male office workers compared by means of infrared reflection measurement, bioimpedance analysis and calipermetry." Papers on Anthropology 30, no. 2 (December 31, 2021): 86–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/poa.2021.30.2.07.
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There are currently many different anthropometric methods to determine individual body fat percentage, as well as almost as many variants of bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA) and only a single method of infrared reflection measurement (IR) as easily feasible methods of field research. The present study aims at a simultaneous comparison between calipermetry, IR and BIA. In particular, the question which measurement method could be used as an equivalent method in the event of failure of the BIA or IR is investigated. The sample group consisted of 250 male office workers from the Rhine-Main area (average age 31.75 ± 9.16 years, average height 178.5 ± 6.93 cm and average weight 80.61 ± 9.42 kg). The measurements were previously scheduled and mostly carried out during the lunch break. For anthropometry, 13 skin fat folds were measured with the help of the Accu® Measure Caliper, thigh circumference with the help of a measuring tape, height with a height measuring device and body mass on the weight scale. Subsequently, an IR measurement (Futrex®) and a BIA (InBody®) were performed on the same subject. The parameters of body fat percentage and total body water (in litres) were examined. The statistical methods were correlation coefficients, Bland-Altman comparison and paired t-test for equivalence. For the men studied, the highest correlation coefficients were in the comparisons between the formulas according to Parízkova & Buzkova 1 and Parízkova & Buzkova 3 (r = 0.93), as well as for Parízkova & Buzkova 3 and Parízkova & Buzkova 4 (r = 0.96). The correlation coefficient for the IR vs. BIA comparison was only r = 0.56. A key result of the present study was the finding that certain methods cannot be substituted in an equivalent way, in fact only some calipermetric regression equations.
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Badr, Ahmed Mangoud, Wael M. Mubarak Refai, Mohamed Gaber El-Shal, and Ahmed Nasef Abdelhameed. "Accuracy and Reliability of Kinect Motion Sensing Input Device’s 3D Models: A Comparison to Direct Anthropometry and 2D Photogrammetry." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 9, no. D (May 14, 2021): 54–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.6006.
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AIM: This study aims to evaluate the accuracy and reliability of Kinect motion sensing input device’s three-dimensional (3D) models by comparing it with direct anthropometry and digital 2D photogrammetry. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Six profiles and four frontal parameters were directly measured on the faces of 80 participants. The same measurements were repeated using two-dimensional (2D) photogrammetry and (3D) images obtained from Kinect device. Another observer made the same measurements for 30% of the images obtained with 3D technique, and interobserver reproducibility was evaluated for 3D images. Intraobserver reproducibility was evaluated. Statistical analysis was conducted using the paired samples t-test, interclass correlation coefficient, and Bland-Altman limits of agreement. RESULTS: The highest mean difference was 0.0084 mm between direct measurement and photogrammetry, 0.027 mm between direct measurement and 3D Kinect’s models, and 0.018 mm between photogrammetry and 3D Kinect’s. The lowest agreement value was 0.016 in the all parameter between the photogrammetry and 3D Kinect’s methods. Agreement between the two observers varied from 0.999 Sn-Me to 1 with the rest of linear measurements. CONCLUSION: Measurements done using 3D Images obtained from Kinect device indicate that it may be an accurate and reliable imaging method for use in orthodontics. It also provides an easy low-cost 3D imaging technique that has become increasingly popular in clinical settings, offering advantages for surgical planning and outcome evaluation.
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Kondratov, Alexander, and Rodion Zhukov. "Pedagogical Conditions for Improving the Health of Senior Pupils Doing Athletics in Institutions of Additional Sport Education." Bulletin of Kemerovo State University. Series: Humanities and Social Sciences 2019, no. 3 (December 13, 2019): 223–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2542-1840-2019-3-3-223-230.
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The present research featured the pedagogical conditions for improving the health of senior pupils that are doing athletics in institutions of additional sport education. The research objective was to justify the pedagogical conditions of health promotion for high school students involved in sports. The research methods included: analysis and synthesis of scientific and methodological literature data; methods for assessing physical development (anthropometry, methods of studying posture), functional state of body (pulsometry, dynamometry), psychophysiological state, psychodynamic functions, physical qualities (testing), psychosocial studies (conversations, questionnaires), and methods of statistical processing. The research resulted in a pedagogical model of conditions that can strengthen the health of senior pupils involved in additional sport education. The authors studied and experimentally verified pedagogical conditions of health promotion for senior pupils doing track and field athletics. They proved that the ideal pedagogical conditions should meet the following requirements. First of all, one has to define the necessary organizational, information-educational, and educational-motivational measures. Second, the procedure requires a comprehensive psychological, pedagogical, and physiological monitoring of health indicators of pupils. Finally, one should define criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of the educational process.
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Hendrianingtyas, Meita, Lisyani B.Suromo, and Tri Indah Winarni. "Anthropometric Markers, Visceral Adipocyte Index, Inflammation Markers and Bone Density in Reproductive Obese Women." Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) 10, no. 2 (June 1, 2022): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jgi.10.2.135-140.
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Background: Obesity has been associated with the risk of various diseases. The correlation between anthropometry and bone health is complex. Visceral adipocyte index (VAI) is one of the compositions of body fat compositions that mostly associated with proinflammatory cytokine, which can stimulate C- reactive protein (CRP) that affects bone density.Objectives: This study aimed to prove the correlation between VAI, CRP and BMD in Asian reproductive obese womenMaterials and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in November 2020 - February 2021 and a total of 134 women of reproductive age with obesity participated in this study. Weight, height, body mass index (BMI) and rate of visceral fat were measured by body composition analyzer. Waist (WC) and hip circumferences (HC) measured by using tape; lipid profile and CRP level were examined using a clinical chemistry automatic analyzer, and the examination of bone mineral density (BMD) using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Waist to hip ratio (WHR)and VAI calculated manually. Pearson and Spearman test were used for statistical analysis.Results: There were positive weak correlations between weight, height, BMI, WC, HC, rate of visceral fat, WHR and VAI. There were weak positive correlations between HC, WHR and CRP. There were positive moderate correlations between weight, height, BMI, waist, visceral fat, WHR and CRP. Conclusion: Although there were correlations between anthropometric parameters and VAI and also CRP, but we did not found correlation between VAI and CRP to all BMD parameters.
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Chanev, Sasho. "NORMATIVE FRAMEWORK FOR CONTROL AND OPTIMIZATION OF THE PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT AND SPECIFIC WORKING CAPACITY OF 17-19-YEAR-OLD HANDBALL PLAYERS." Journal of Applied Sports Sciences 1, no. 2021 (July 20, 2021): 22–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.37393/jass.2021.01.3.
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The purpose of this study is to reveal the average level and variability of the signs of physical development and specific working capacity of 17-19-year-old Bulgarian handball players and, on this basis, to develop an up-to-date norm framework for control and optimization of sports training in the studied age group. The object of the study is the characteristics of physical development, specific physical fitness, technical and tactical skills, and some mental characteristics. The research was done among 115 handball players between the age of 17 and 19 from the top 10 teams, participating in the national championship for juniors under 19 years old. Anthropometric measurements and sports-pedagogical testing were conducted for the needs of the study with a total of 34 indicators for establishing the level of physical development, specific physical and technical-tactical preparation and some mental characteristics and qualities of the handball players of the studied age group. The following research methods were applied to solve the purpose and tasks of the research: review study and theoretical analysis of the specialized literature, anthropometry, manual dynamometry, sports-pedagogical testing and ascertaining psychological experiment. Frequency analysis and descriptive statistics, sigma estimation method, and index method were used for mathematical-statistical data analysis. The applied approach allowed developing normative tables for evaluation of the results of each competitor or team, based on which, person or team optimization models could be developed, revealing both strengths and weaknesses in their preparation.
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Gupta, Anil Kumar, and M. N. Ambekar. "Anthropometric Study of External Ear: A Comparative Study in Medical Students of Nepalgunj Medical College in Nepal." Journal of Nepalgunj Medical College 15, no. 2 (June 1, 2017): 49–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jngmc.v15i2.22845.
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Background: Anthropometry is the measurements of the body parts in the living or dead persons with the help of instruments. Many studies in the past are done for various purposes such as: adding data to statistical data bank, to estimate stature, age differences. The study on the measurement of ear is also helpful to forensic expert for individual identity, to cosmetic surgeon to correct shape and size or reconstruct the auricle, to electronic companies to prepare hearing aids and lastly to prosthetic makers who required average measurement of the auricle to prepare prosthesis.
Aim and objective of the study: The aim of the study was to determine the normal anthropometric measurement of external ear in male and female Nepalese and Indian medical students.
Material and methods: This study was conducted on 200 medical students (Nepalese students 134 and Indian student 66). The study was conducted during October 2017 to November 2017. All the important parameters were obtained using vernier caliper.
Results: In Indian male auricular height and lobular height was found more than Nepalese. Auricular width was equal in both. Lobular width was more in left auricle and equal in right auricle in female. All parameters are more in Indian than Nepalese.
Conclusion: These measurements are helpful for forensic expert in individual identity, for cosmetic surgeries, correction of anomalies of auricle, for designing hearing aids and prepare prosthesis.
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Ashok Kumar, Urvashi Khan, Shubha Laxmi Margekar, Ashish Kumar Shukla, and Siva Prakash. "Pulmonary Function Test in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus & Its Correlation with Anthropometry and Glycemic Control." Asian Journal of Medical Research 9, no. 1 (April 29, 2020): ME01—ME05. http://dx.doi.org/10.47009/ajmr.2020.9.1.me1.
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Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease with microvascular complications and affecting almost all organs in the body. Effect of diabetes on lung functions has been studied previously with variable results. This study was performed to see the lung functions in patients with type 2 DM and to assess the pattern of abnormality in lung functions.Aim & Objective:Our study aimed to evaluate pulmonary functions in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and to determine their correlations with anthropometric profile, glycaemic control, and diabetic microangiopathic complications.Subjects and Methods: 70 T2DM patients and 70 healthy control subjects were taken for the study. After taking an informed consent, all underwent screening with detailed history, anthropometry, blood sugar (fasting and post Prandial), glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1C), renal profile, lipid profile and Pulmonary functions (spirometry).Statistical Analysis:Student’s t-test was used to compare PFTs of diabetic and control groups. Frequencies were generated for categorical variables and compared using the chi square test.Results: There was significant reduction in all PFT parameters (PEFR (L/s), FEV1 %, FVC ) in diabetics as compared to controls. The FEV1/FVC% was higher in the diabetes group and there was a mixed restrictive and obstructive pattern of pulmonary dysfunction seen in diabetics.BMI was inversely related to PEFR, FEV1, and FVC. Age was inversely related to FEV1, and FVC. It was found that HbA1c was not significant for any ventilator (spirometric) index.Restrictive pattern rather than obstructive impairment of lung function is likely to be chronic complication of T2DM, the severity of which relates to longer duration of symptoms of diabetes, higher BMI, and advancing age.Conclusion: Spirometry is an easily available, non invasive screening tool to assess the lung functions and should be performed in patients with type 2 diabetes having microangiopathic complications.
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Catherine, Precilla, Viji Devanand, Priestly Vivekkumar, Gokulnathan V, Santhosini V, and Buvana Arivazhaghan. "Effect of age and menopause on anthropometric parameters in non-obese and obese South Indian women." National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology 12, no. 9 (2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/njppp.2022.12.06309202217072022.
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Background: Men and women show differences in the distribution of body fat. Women tend to store more fat subcutaneously compared to men. Fat distribution changes in postmenopausal women. Understanding the changes in anthropometry with age and menopausal status is important in the context of deriving population, age, and gender-specific cutoff levels for obesity indices. Aims and Objectives: This study was conducted with the objectives of measuring Waist Circumference (WC), Waist-Hip Ratio (WHR), and Waist-Height Ratio (WHtR) in South-Indian women and determining the effect of age and menopause on the anthropometric parameters in non-obese and obese women. Materials and Methods: 290 women between the age group of 30 to 70 years participated in this analytical cross-sectional study. Age and menopausal status were recorded. Anthropometric parameters such as weight, height, WC, and hip circumference were measured. Body-mass index, WHR, and WHtR were derived. The data were analyzed to compare mean values of anthropometric parameters between premenopausal and postmenopausal women using unpaired t-test. The difference in anthropometric status was also compared between those with Body mass index (BMI) in the non-obese range and those with BMI in the obese range in relation to menopausal status. Results: A higher proportion of women were classified as having abdominal obesity based on WHtR cutoff compared to classifying using WC cutoff. Postmenopausal women showed higher mean values of all measured anthropometric parameters, but the difference was significant only for WHR. When the study subjects were analyzed based on BMI categories, a significant difference between pre and post-menopausal women was recorded in WHtR values in the non-obese BMI group, but not in the obese BMI group when analyzed by unpaired t-test. Conclusion: Anthropometric parameters show an increasing trend as age advances. There is a difference in mean values of all parameters between pre and post-menopausal women, though statistical significance was seen only for WHR and WHtR in different sub-groups based on BMI. Further studies are needed to decide on the need for separate cutoff values for postmenopausal women.
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Babu S, Vinod, M. Rasheed Khan, Sivakumar K, Kuzhandai Velu V, and Durga Sowmithri K. "TyG index as a cardiovascular risk factor, with reference to anthropometry in first year medical students - A cross sectional study." International Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Research 8, no. 2 (July 15, 2021): 130–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijcbr.2021.028.
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Triglyceride-Glucose (TyG) index is an independent predictor of cardiovascular risk in several pathological conditions such as T2DM, Metabolic syndrome (MetS), CVD, and CAD. Early studies which were done on TyG index focus on insulin resistance. High TGL level induces production of small density LDL particle. All these proposed theories, explains why TyG index used as an independent factor of cardiovascular risk.150 First year medical students were included and their anthropometric measures done using standard scale. Fasting blood glucose estimated by GOD POD method. Total cholesterol, triglyceride, High density lipoprotein and direct low density lipoprotein were estimated by IFCC approved methods. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS version 20.Results 26% were obese and 5.33% were overweight. Lipid profile found to be significant different among the group. Atherosclerotic indices were found to have mild to moderate correlation with anthropometric measures (p < 0.05).Present study showed a high prevalence of overweight to obesity ratio in first year medical students. With TyG index we observed an independent association of cardio-metabolic risk with BMI in young adult.
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Yadav, Sudeep Kumar, Om Prakash Yadav, and Urmila Yadav. "Correlation of Different Facial Measurements among Undergraduate Medical and Nursing students in Nepal." Janaki Medical College Journal of Medical Science 9, no. 2 (December 31, 2021): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jmcjms.v9i2.43258.
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Background and Objectives: The human being is found different by its overall morphology and body dimensions. Thus, the study was focussed to access the correlation of different facial measurements among undergraduate medical and nursing students in Nepal. Material and Methods: An institutional based cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Clinical Anatomy, Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu, Nepal. The variables selected for the present study was 140 subjects, among them 44 were female and 96 were male. Physical measurements were made by Spreading Caliper, Measuring tape, Weight machine, Height Scale. All the procedures were of non-invasive type. The personal height and weight, head length, head breadth, head circumference, Facial height, bigonial breadth, bizygomatic facial breadth was measured using International standard protocol. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 20. ‘t’ tests was applied. P <0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results: Out of total, 68.6% were male and 31.4% were female. The mean age of the study participants were 20.36±1.29 ranges from 18 years to 26 years. The mean facial height and bizygomatic facial width of male were 10.96 cm and 13.64 cm with SD of 0.59 cm and 0.48 cm whereas for female the mean were 10.13 cm and 12.75 cm with SD of 0.67 cm and 0.49 cm respectively. The anthropometry and different facial measurements among males were significantly higher (p<0.0001) than the females. A positive correlation was observed for head breadth, head circumference, bigonial breadth, facial height, bizygomatic facial width whereas an inverse correlated was observed inversely correlated for head length with age. Conclusions: The anthropometry (height, weight, head length, head breadth, head circumference) and different facial measurements (Bigonial breadth, Bizygomatic facial width, and Facial height) among MBBS students were found to be significantly higher than the nursing students. A positive correlation was observed for head breadth, head circumference, bigonial breadth, facial height, bizygomatic facial width whereas an inverse correlated was observed inversely correlated for head length with age.
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Letifov, G. M., Yu Yu Chebotareva, E. G. Gorban’, and Z. A. Kostoeva. "PHYSICAL AND SEXUAL DEVELOPMENT OF ADOLESCENT GIRLS WITH RECURRENT URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS." Nephrology (Saint-Petersburg) 22, no. 5 (October 8, 2018): 77–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.24884/1561-6274-2018-22-5-77-82.
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THE AIM: to study the peculiarities of physical and sexual development of adolescent girls with recurrent urinary tract infections.PATIENTS AND METHODS. Examined 70 adolescent girls aged 16 – 18 years with exacerbation of chronic pyelonephritis (CP): 1 group (n=43) – with rare relapse history (relapses pyelonephritis from 1 to 3 times during the period of the disease, rCP) and group 2 (n=27) with frequent relapses (more than 3 times a year, fCP). The control group (n=30) consisted of practically healthy adolescent girls of the same age. Anthropometry, evaluation of sexual development, specialized gynecological examination, determination of serum hormones, ultrasound examination of the reproductive organs were carried out. Statistical processing of research results was performed using the software packages Statistica 6.0 ("StatSoft Inc", USA) and statistical analysis Microsoft Office Excel 2003" ("Microsoft Corporation", USA).RESULTS. It was revealed that in patients with rCP, compared with girls of the 1st and control groups, there was a lower growth, a decrease in the basic pelvic dimensions, against the background of a tendency to increase weight, there were some variants of sexual disorders, more often than in other groups there were early pubarche and later menarche. Established significant increase in the level of LH, testosterone and DHEA-S in the background of hypoprogesteronemia. The rate of hyperpolymenorrhea, uterine bleeding and primary oligomenorrhea was significantly higher, were often found emerging polycystic ovary syndrome and chronic vulvovaginitis.CONCLUSION. Patients with frequent recurrence of urinary tract infections have a variety of constitutional features, a tendency to metabolic syndrome development, expressed hormonal status violations. The detected increase in testosterone levels contributes to the emerging polycystic ovaries syndrome development.
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Aslıer, N. G. Yüksel, G. Zeybek, N. Karabay, P. Keskinoğlu, A. Kiray, S. Sütay, and M. C. Ecevit. "The Relationships Between Craniofacial Structure and Frontal Sinus Morphology: Evaluation With Conventional Anthropometry and CT-Based Volumetry." Ear, Nose & Throat Journal 99, no. 10 (September 29, 2019): 637–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0145561319876927.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of craniofacial structure and nasal septal deviation on frontal sinus morphology 3-dimensionally. This study of anatomy, anthropology, morphology, and radiology included 74 dry skulls as study sample. The craniofacial measurements were made through conventional anthropometric methods by the use of calipers. The nasal septal deviation measurements were done by computerized software on photographs taken from frontal view. Frontal sinus volumes were estimated by the computerized tomography-based volumetry. The relationships between craniofacial structure, nasal septal deviation, and frontal sinus morphology were tested by linear regression and correlation analysis. The analysis of numerical variables and categorical variables within different groups was done by Mann-Whitney U/Kruskal-Wallis, and χ2 tests, respectively. There appeared a positive relationship between the dimensions of the frontal sinuses and the maximal cranial length and the nasal height especially on the left side ( P < .05). However, after multivariate linear regression model for both factors was created, solely the nasal height kept being a positive factor for frontal sinus size as an independent variable. No statistical relevance was detected between the presence of metopic suture and frontal sinus morphology. Septal deviation itself affected frontal sinus morphometry, but the morphometry did not differ between the deviation side and the opposite side. In conclusion, the cranial structure does not affect the frontal sinus morphology but nasal structure affects. The true influences, among measured craniofacial elements, in relationship with the pneumatization of frontal sinus are appeared to be the nasal structure related.
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Ng, Bennett K., Markus J. Sommer, Michael C. Wong, Ian Pagano, Yilin Nie, Bo Fan, Samantha Kennedy, et al. "Detailed 3-dimensional body shape features predict body composition, blood metabolites, and functional strength: the Shape Up! studies." American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 110, no. 6 (September 25, 2019): 1316–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqz218.
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ABSTRACT Background Three-dimensional optical (3DO) body scanning has been proposed for automatic anthropometry. However, conventional measurements fail to capture detailed body shape. More sophisticated shape features could better indicate health status. Objectives The objectives were to predict DXA total and regional body composition, serum lipid and diabetes markers, and functional strength from 3DO body scans using statistical shape modeling. Methods Healthy adults underwent whole-body 3DO and DXA scans, blood tests, and strength assessments in the Shape Up! Adults cross-sectional observational study. Principal component analysis was performed on registered 3DO scans. Stepwise linear regressions were performed to estimate body composition, serum biomarkers, and strength using 3DO principal components (PCs). 3DO model accuracy was compared with simple anthropometric models and precision was compared with DXA. Results This analysis included 407 subjects. Eleven PCs for each sex captured 95% of body shape variance. 3DO body composition accuracy to DXA was: fat mass R2 = 0.88 male, 0.93 female; visceral fat mass R2 = 0.67 male, 0.75 female. 3DO body fat test-retest precision was: root mean squared error = 0.81 kg male, 0.66 kg female. 3DO visceral fat was as precise (%CV = 7.4 for males, 6.8 for females) as DXA (%CV = 6.8 for males, 7.4 for females). Multiple 3DO PCs were significantly correlated with serum HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR, independent of simple anthropometrics. 3DO PCs improved prediction of isometric knee strength (combined model R2 = 0.67 male, 0.59 female; anthropometrics-only model R2 = 0.34 male, 0.24 female). Conclusions 3DO body shape PCs predict body composition with good accuracy and precision comparable to existing methods. 3DO PCs improve prediction of serum lipid and diabetes markers, and functional strength measurements. The safety and accessibility of 3DO scanning make it appropriate for monitoring individual body composition, and metabolic health and functional strength in epidemiological settings. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03637855.
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K.V. Sarala Devi and Sulochana Sakthivel. "Morphology and Anthropometry of Rhomboid Impression of Clavicle and its Clinical Applications – A South Indian Population Study." Academia Anatomica International 6, no. 2 (December 22, 2020): 16–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/aanat.2020.6.2.3.
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Introduction: The medial end of clavicle is connected to the upper surface of anterior end of first rib and its costal cartilage by rhomboid ligament which assist the movements of pectoral girdle as well as resist the pull of medial end of clavicle by pectoralis major and sternocleidomastiod muscles. Consequently, the attachment of it on the clavicle produces various patterns like tubercles, grooves, etc. called as the rhomboid impression. This normal variant of rhomboid impression may be interpreted sometimes as pathological lesions like necrosis, osteomyelitis, and tumour. Also, the morphology of rhomboid impression varies in different population. Such study in South Indian population is very much sparse and so this study is planned for. The objective is to it is aimed to estimate the prevalence of various morphology of rhomboid impression, to measure the anthropometry of impression and the distance from the medial end of impression to medial end of clavicle. Subjects and Methods: This descriptive study was carried in 200 adult human dry clavicles of both sides and various patterns of rhomboid impression, anteroposterior and transverse diameter of impression and distance between the medial end of impression and medial end of clavicle was measured with digital vernier caliper. Statistical analysis was done and p-value of < 0.05 is considered to be significant. Results: The most common pattern observed was depression and rough (29%) followed by elevated and rough (28.5%). The resection length of the medial end of clavicle was 11 mm from the medial end of impression to medial end of clavicle. Conclusion: The findings of the present study on the morphology and anthropometry of rhomboid impression of adult human clavicles and the resection length of medial end of rhomboid impression from the medial end of clavicle will provide guidance for the anthropologists, orthopedicians, radiologists, vascular surgeons and in forensic investigations.
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Kucherenko, O., G. Chaika, and O. Masik. "Significance of anthropo-somatotypological parameters in pubertal age girls in the prediction of abnormal uterine birth." Reports of Vinnytsia National Medical University 25, no. 1 (March 27, 2021): 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.31393/reports-vnmedical-2021-25(1)-01.
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Annotation. The harmony of body proportions is one of the criteria for evaluating the development and state of health. The constitutional features of the physique become apparent from the early stages of child development: it has become especially evident in puberty life. The tendency to a particular body type is determined by heredity of the child, but seen and fixed it under the influence of environmental factors. As they grow older, the body's constitutional characteristics are fixed and occur in a relatively stable variations of the normative development of the body, called body types. To some extent, the type of Constitution of the child can be determined in 7-8 years and quite accurately – from 11-12 years old. It was found that the study of anthropo-somatic-typological indicators allows to refine diagnostic criteria in the study of menstrual function, which allows more precisely to approach the issue of early detection of risk groups and thus facilitate the prediction of diseases of the internal genital organs. The aim of the study was to predict the development of abnormal uterine bleeding in girls of puberty age of different somatotypes by studying the laws of anthropo-somatotropic parameters of the body. We used anthropometric, somatotyping and statistical methods of research. Surveyed 288 girls of youthful age. The first group consists of 58 girls from AMK, control group of 230 healthy girls of the same age. Nits on the base of National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya, we carried out a complete clinical and instrumental examination. Morphotype girls was determined by the method of clinical anthropometry for Sheldon. Obtained data were analyzed using the program “STATISTICA 5.5” (owned by CNIT National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya, license №AXXR910A374605FA) using nonparametric methods of estimation of the obtained results. We have studied the peculiarities of anthropo-somatotropic parameters in adolescents with abnormal uterine bleeding to predict this nosology and preservation of reproductive health of women in the future. It was found that ectomorphic somatotype is present in 46.60% of girls with AMC, mesomorphic – in 31%, ectomosomorphic – in 22.40%, and endomorphic – in 0.0% (p<0.01).
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Shalnova, S. A., V. A. Zhukova, V. A. Metelskaya, A. D. Deev, M. B. Khudyakov, A. L. Aleksandri, Yu A. Balanova, et al. "Association between C-reactive protein and blood pressure in a cohort of elderly Muscovites: epidemiological study data." Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention 11, no. 4 (August 20, 2012): 65–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.15829/1728-8800-2012-4-65-69.
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Background. The elevation of blood pressure (BP) affects the development of vascular inflammation. At the same time, it has been suggested that inflammation itself could be an independent risk factor (RF) of arterial hypertension (AH) development. Aim. To investigate whether the association between increased levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and AH is independent from classical RFs. Material and methods. The data were obtained during a crosssectional survey of 1876 Muscovites (47,9% men) aged ≥55 years, who participated in the prospective study “Stress, Ageing, and Health in Russia”. In all participants, socio-demographic characteristics, health behaviours, parameters of anthropometry and rest electrocardiography (ECG) were assessed. The levels of BP and blood lipids were also measured. The outcome variable was an increase in CRP levels (>3 mg/l). Statistical methods included logistic regression; the risk estimates were presented as odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results. There was a positive link between AH and CRP levels of >3 mg/l. After adjustment for age and sex, OR of increased CRP levels in hypertensive participants vs. their AH-free peers was 1,688 (95% CI 1,323-2,154; p=0,0001). In the final model (adjustment for age, sex, educational level, smoking, alcohol consumption, abdominal obesity, high atherogenicity index, and coronary heart disease, CHD), this effect remained statistically significant (OR 1,450; 95% CI 1,127-1,864; p=0,004). Conclusion. In elderly Muscovites, a positive association between increased CRP levels and the elevation of BP was independent from RFs and CHD.
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M., Maitreyee. "A study of sexual dimorphism of human auricle by morphometry and topographical location." National Journal of Clinical Anatomy 7, no. 02 (April 2018): 085–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1701711.
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Abstract Aims and objectives : Features of human body parts or organs or bones have been studied to identify differences in males and females. The present study was performed to assess gender differences in morphometric parameters of auricle of ear; and to see whether there exists any sexual dimorphism in positioning of auricle. Materials and Methods: Measurements were taken on 350 young individuals within the age group of 17-25 years by digital and spreading calipers and recorded in centimeters. The morphometric parameters were auricle length, auricle width, auricle root/attachment, projection of auricle, face height, face width, position of auricle from anterior midline, and position of auricle from posterior midline. The independent t-test was used to test the significance of difference between males and females. Results: The difference in the morphometric parameters showed statistical significance. The indices i.e. 'Position of auricle from posterior midline' [PEP] to face width [FW] index was statistically significant sex-wise, which was less in males than in females; while 'Position of auricle from anterior midline' [PEA] to 'Position of auricle from posterior midline' [PEP] index was also statistically significant sex-wise, which was more in males than in females. Conclusion: There was significant difference in measurements as well as position of auricle in males and females. The two indices related to the position of auricle from the midline may be of value in forensic identification and in fields like surgery, anthropometry, art, and ergonomics. Corresponding landmarks on dry skull may be used to estimate sex in skeleton.
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Hakman, Anna, Svitlana Duditska, Andriy Slobozhaninov, and Olha Kovtun. "Health effects of aqua fitness on the body of women of the first mature age." Scientific Journal of National Pedagogical Dragomanov University. Series 15. Scientific and pedagogical problems of physical culture (physical culture and sports), no. 7(127) (November 27, 2020): 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.31392/npu-nc.series15.2020.7(127).06.
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Purpose: to identify the health effects of aquafitness on physiological parameters of women of the first mature age. The following research methods were used to solve the tasks set in the work: theoretical analysis and generalization of data of scientific and methodological literature; pedagogical methods; anthropometric research methods; physiological methods (vital index, strength index, Robinson index, Stange test, Genchi test, Kerdo index, Rufier test, index of functional changes (Kettle index); methods of mathematical statistics. We checked the statistical significance of the difference between the indicators before and after the experiment using nonparametric Wilcoxon criteria (p≤0.05), which were used to establish the shifts of the corresponding indicators. The research was conducted on the basis of the fitness club "Sport Live" in Chernivtsi. The transformation experiment involved 24 women aged 21-31 years. Classes were held in accordance with our comprehensive aqua fitness program, which is designed for 6 months. Class duration is 60-80 minutes, three times a week. The program developed by us included exercises from the arsenal of aqua stretching, hydroshaping, aquadance, aquarism, aqua building, aqua taibo. Results. The data obtained on the somatic health of women aged 21-31 years show a significant improvement in the results (p≤0.05) of anthropometry, the functional state of the cardiovascular, respiratory system, autonomic nervous system, physical condition and performance. During the conversion experiment, the following indicators improved: life index from 45.96 ± 4.69 to 48.88 ± 0.68; power index from 35.80 ± 1.07 to 43.26 ± 0.71; Robinson's index from 85.72 ± 12.34 to 89.63 ± 10.11; barbell samples from 30. 28 ± 10.32 to 37.78 ± 12.34; Genchi samples from 16.48 ± 4.24 to 25.19 ± 4.58; Kerdo index from 5.23 ± 10.16 to 0.86 ± 8.34; Rufier's test from 12.21 ± 4.26 to 8.03 ± 2.14. Conclusions. The effectiveness of the aqua fitness program for women of the first adult age is confirmed by the results of positive changes in body weight, improvement of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems of the body. The proposed program of classes provides optimization of the level of physical, functional and mental condition, solving problems of correction and prevention of functional disorders in health and allows to meet the needs for leisure, recreation and self- improvement of women of the first mature age.
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Pogodina, S., and G. Aleksanyants. "POTENTIAL ABILITIES IN CHILDREN, ADOLESCENTS, AND YOUNG MALES DURING ADAPTATION TO PHYSICAL LOAD IN SPORTS SWIMMING." Human Sport Medicine 19, no. 2 (July 5, 2019): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.14529/hsm190206.
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Аim. The article deals with the study of the functional abilities of the main body systems in children, adolescents, and young males during their adaptation to physical load in sports swimming. Materials and methods. We examined male swimmers aged 9–18 years. The study consisted of 2 stages: the study of physical development, aerobic capacities, and non-specific resistance (9–18 years, n = 603); the study of adaptive reactions of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems (9–10, 11–13, and 14–16 years, n = 75). The following methods were used: anthropometry, dynamometry, ergometry, the analysis of leukocyte count, lactate analysis, rheography, spiro- and pneumotachometry, gasometry, statistical data processing, and a functional stress test. Results. We justified physiologically the potential abilities of children, adolescents, and young males practicing sports swimming to tolerate physical load of various intensity and duration. It was established that, in swimmers at the stage of performance enhancement, aerobic potential was formed in close cooperation with growth processes. At the age of 9–13, aerobic capacities are formed in a closer correlation with anthropometric data, while at the age of 14–18 – with functional and homeostatic parameters. Adaptive reactions of the body at the age of 9–13 are characterized by the imperfection of the regulatory mechanisms responsible for metabolic, hemodynamic, and ventilatory functions. This results in the increase of lactate to the values significantly exceeding the anaerobic threshold and the formation of the resistive type of hemodynamic and ventilatory reactions. At the age of 14–16, there is an increase in the adaptive capacities of the oxygen-providing systems responsible for high-intensity loads. Conclusion. Potential abilities in children and adolescents at the threshold values are decreased. This is because aerobic reserves are determined by the growth, homeostatic reactions are atypical, and ventilatory reactions are inefficient. In young males, there is an increase in the functional abilities of the oxygen-providing systems, which forms the efficient types of adaptive reactions to high-intensity loads.
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Abd Elneam, Ahmed I., Nahla M. Mansour, Nayel A. Zaki, and Mohamed A. Taher. "Serum Interleukin-18 and Its Gene Haplotypes Profile as Predictors in Patients with Diabetic Nephropathy." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 4, no. 3 (July 21, 2016): 324–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2016.074.
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BACKGROUND: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is known as an acute microvascular complexity as a subsequence progression in diabetes mellitus type 1 and 2. Many evidence pointed that the proinflammatory cytokine Interleukin (IL)-18 might be involved in the pathogenesis of DN.AIM: The current study aimed to evaluate the association of serum IL-18 and its promoter gene polymorphisms with diabetic nephropathy. METHODS: This study included 62 diabetic nephropathy patients (DN group) compared to 52 diabetes mellitus patients (DM group) the two groups were subjected to Anthropometry assessment, molecular studies including SNP genotyping by RFLP and finally statistical analysis.RESULTS: The assessment of the serum IL-18 level and the frequencies of its allele and haplotype: -137G/C, -607C/A and -656G/T among the DN and DM subjects revealed that -137G allele has significant variation between DN and DM subjects (about 80.8%, P = 0.05) but, no significant variation in -607 or -656 alleles IL-18 gene promoter. CONCLUSION: These data confirm the impact of high serum IL-18 and the haplotype of the polymorphism located in the promoter region of the IL-18 gene with the DN.
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Shokry, Engy, Kamran Sadiq, Sajid Soofi, Atif Habib, Naveed Bhutto, Arjumand Rizvi, Imran Ahmad, et al. "Impact of Treatment with RUTF on Plasma Lipid Profiles of Severely Malnourished Pakistani Children." Nutrients 12, no. 7 (July 21, 2020): 2163. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12072163.
Full textAbstract:
(1) Background: Little is known on impacts of ready-to-use therapeutic food (RUTF) treatment on lipid metabolism in children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM). (2) Methods: We analyzed glycerophospholipid fatty acids (FA) and polar lipids in plasma of 41 Pakistani children with SAM before and after 3 months of RUTF treatment using gas chromatography and flow-injection analysis tandem mass spectrometry, respectively. Statistical analysis was performed using univariate, multivariate tests and evaluated for the impact of age, sex, breastfeeding status, hemoglobin, and anthropometry. (3) Results: Essential fatty acid (EFA) depletion at baseline was corrected by RUTF treatment which increased EFA. In addition, long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) and the ratio of arachidonic acid (AA)/linoleic acid increased reflecting greater EFA conversion to LC-PUFA, whereas Mead acid/AA decreased. Among phospholipids, lysophosphatidylcholines (lyso.PC) were most impacted by treatment; in particular, saturated lyso.PC decreased. Higher child age and breastfeeding were associated with great decrease in total saturated FA (ΣSFA) and lesser decrease in monounsaturated FA and total phosphatidylcholines (ΣPC). Conclusions: RUTF treatment improves EFA deficiency in SAM, appears to enhance EFA conversion to biologically active LC-PUFA, and reduces lipolysis reflected in decreased ΣSFA and saturated lyso.PC. Child age and breastfeeding modify treatment-induced changes in ΣSFA and ΣPC.