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Academic literature on the topic 'Antennes sphériques de microphones'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Antennes sphériques de microphones"
Massé, Pierre. "Analysis, Treatment, and Manipulation Methods for Spatial Room Impulse Responses Measured with Spherical Microphone Arrays." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022SORUS079.
Full textThe use of spatial room impulse responses (SRIR) for the reproduction of three-dimensional reverberation effects through multi-channel convolution over immersive surround-sound loudspeaker systems has become commonplace within the last few years, thanks in large part to the commercial availability of various spherical microphone arrays (SMA) as well as a constant increase in computing power. This use has in turn created a demand for analysis and treatment techniques not only capable of ensuring the faithful reproduction of the measured reverberation effect, but which could also be used to control various modifications of the SRIR in a more "creative" approach, as is often encountered in the production of immersive musical performances and installations. Within this context, the principal objective of the current thesis is the definition of a complete space-time-frequency framework for the analysis, treatment, and manipulation of SRIRs. The analysis tools should lead to an in-depth model allowing for measurements to first be treated with respect to their inherent limitations (measurement conditions, background noise, etc.), as well as offering the ability to modify different characteristics of the final reverberation effect described by the SRIR. These characteristics can be either completely objective, even physical, or otherwise informed by knowledge of human auditory perception with regard to room acoustics. The theoretical work in this research project is therefore presented in two main parts. First, the underlying SRIR signal model is described, heavily inspired by the historical approaches from the fields of artificial reverberation synthesis and SMA signal processing, while at the same time (incrementally) extending both. The signal model is then used to define the analysis methods that form the core of the final framework; these focus particularly on (a) identifying the "mixing time" that defines the moment of transition between the early reflection and late reverberation regimes, (b) obtaining a space-time cartography of the early reflections, and (c) estimating the frequency- and direction-dependent properties of the late reverberation's exponential energy decay envelope. In order to account for the directional dependence of these properties, a procedure for generating directional SRIR representations (i.e. directional room impulse responses, DRIR) that guarantee the preservation of certain fundamental reverberation properties must also be defined. In the second part, the model parameters made explicit by the analysis methods are exploited in order to either treat (i.e. attempt to correct some of the inevitable limitations inherent to the SMA measurement process) or more creatively manipulate and modify the SRIR. Two treatment methods in particular are developed in this thesis: (1) a pre-analysis procedure acting directly on repeated exponential sweep method (ESM) SMA measurement signals in an attempt to simultaneously increase the resulting SRIR's signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) while reducing its vulnerability to non-stationary noise events, and (2) a post-analysis denoising technique based on replacing the SRIR's background noise floor with a resynthesized extrapolation of the late reverberation tail. The theoretical descriptions thus complete, the main analysis methods as well as the DRIR generation and the denoising treatment procedures are then subjected to a series of validation tests, wherein simulated SRIRs (or parts thereof) are used to evaluate the performance, discuss the limitations, and parameterize the implementation of the different techniques. These sub-studies allow each method to be individually verified, resulting in a comprehensive investigation into the inner workings of the analysis toolbox (as well as the denoising process). Finally, to provide a concluding overview of the complete analysis-treatment-manipulation framework, similar studies are carried out using examples of real-world [...]
Guillaume, Mathieu. "Analyse et synthèse de champs sonores." Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 2006. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00002383.
Full textDupont, Samuel. "Caractérisation de matériaux acoustiques par antennes microphoniques sphériques et hémisphériques." Thesis, Le Mans, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LEMA1016.
Full textSound absorbing materials such as foams, textiles or carpets are used in many areas to absorb sound. This can be for protection (workers) or comfort (buildings, cars, airplanes, etc.).In order to dimension and choose which material to use according to each situation, predictive calculations are used based on characterizations giving the absorption coefficients and/or surface impedance of the said materials.The characterizations are typically carried out in the laboratory using standardized measurements techniques such as the impedance tube or the reverberation chamber method. However, these have many limitations. The problematic of this PhD project is to find solutions by using a microphone antenna system to determine the properties of acoustic materials in a reliable and robust way while overcoming the limitations of conventional methods. This document is a synthesis of the work carried out in this direction. The problem is addressed through two main approaches, the holographic type approaches where one reconstructs the sound pressure and the normal particle velocity to estimate the surface impedance and the model matching (optimization) approaches where one identifies the surface impedance that minimizes the error between the measurements and the model.These models are presented for different microphone antenna geometries: spherical, hemispherical and planar. They are separated between methods that depend on one geometry and those that can be applied to several geometries.Simulations and experiments are shown to validate the developed models
Rondineau, Sébastien. "Modélisation de lentilles sphériques à gradient d'indice et sources conformes associées." Rennes 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002REN10125.
Full textDemontis, Hugo. "Identification de sources acoustiques complexes en milieu réverbérant par grands réseaux de microphones." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS196.
Full textKnowing the directivity pattern of an acoustic source is useful in many applications in acoustics. To experimentally estimate the spatial signature, it is common to deploy microphones partially or totally surrounding the source. The acoustic radiation is then captured in all possible directions. In this thesis, we discuss the development of a large-scale 3D microphone array. This array, named "MODO" ("Les Murs Ont Des Oreilles", or, "The Walls Have Ears"), is comprised of 1024 digital MEMS microphones, flush mounted on the walls and the ceiling of a typical shoe-box room. In order to localize the sources and identify their directivity pattern, we solve the associated inverse problem under block-sparsity constraints. The chosen method exploits the small number of sources inside the room, allowing a sparse representation of the measured sound field. We use the spherical harmonics formalism to efficiently describe the directivity of the sources and their individual contributions to the radiation pattern. The acoustic path is modelled via integration of room transfer functions, synthesized with the mirror microphone method. We validated the proposed characterization method \textit{in situ} by comparison with known directivity patterns, calibrated using a high order spherical microphone array in controlled conditions
Adane, Yacine. "Caractérisation inverse de sources pour l'évaluation de l'exposition humaine aux ondes électromagnétiques émises par les antennes de station de base." Paris 6, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA066348.
Full textBelmkaddem, Kawtar. "Contrôle du rayonnement des antennes miniatures." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAT031.
Full textIn the current context where the evolution of communicating objects is important indifferent growing fields such as: localization, wireless multimedia systems, etc., controlling theradiation pattern of antennas is one of the most important issues for future radio communicationsystems. In recent years, despite the growth experienced in the areas of antennas, the issue of smallantennas radiation control knows several barriers preventing their deployment. This thesis focuses onthe analysis of the problem of controlling the radiation pattern of small antennas and aims to raisesome questions about a little-explored subject of study. This work gives an approach using differenttechniques to develop new concepts of controlling the radiation pattern of antennas
Hua, Thanh Phong. "Adaptation mode controllers for adaptive microphone arrays." Rennes 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006REN1S136.
Full textBurghelea, Roxana-Elena. "Contribution à la simulation déterministe de canaux radios hétérogènes ULB : problématique de la prise en compte réaliste de l’antenne." Rennes 1, 2010. https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01131227.
Full textThe main objective of the thesis is to develop a realistic heterogeneous Radio Access Technology physical layer simulator which allows indoor radio propagation modeling for multistandard systems, including Ultra Wide Band. The proposed 3D-Ray Tracing simulation tool PyRay is based on a 3D implementation of Geometrical Optics and Uniform Theory of Diffraction, taking into account all electromagnetic wave propagation effects, antenna patterns, polarization effects and material impacts. It uses Vector Spherical Harmonic expansion of antenna radiation function, as a solution for both issues: compression of the amount of data needed for describing antenna characteristics and fast and correct retrieval of antenna array response for waves coming from arbitrary directions. The presented approach stands at an intermediate level between the exact electromagnetic simulation and the use of a scalar radiation pattern in a simplified manner. The implementation matrix method which can be applied to any simulator based on RT is detailed here. PyRay tool follows a continue development progress, evolving towards a heterogeneous radio simulation platform, that will integrate the mobility of radio nodes which is relevant in different application areas, such as localization
Fuchs, Benjamin. "Lentilles stratifiées et sources réelles associées - Analyses théoriques et validations expérimentales en ondes millimétriques." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00194403.
Full textParmi celles-ci, la lentille hémisphérique "Half Maxwell Fish-Eye" (HMFE) a rarement été étudiée auparavant. Cette thèse a pour but d'approfondir les connaissances sur cette lentille. Des outils de conception et d'analyse ont ainsi été développés.
Une méthode d'optimisation de la discrétisation du gradient d'indice a été proposée et appliquée aux lentilles HMFE et de Luneburg. Elle permet de choisir les paramètres des lentilles stratifiées et est généralisable à tout type de loi à dépendance radiale tant diélectrique que magnétique.
La majeure partie de ce travail de thèse est consacrée au développement de deux codes de calcul utilisant la technique de raccordement des modes basée sur les fonctions d'ondes sphériques.
Le premier code permet l'analyse rapide des lentilles stratifiées de forme sphérique et hémisphérique de toute taille associées à une source réelle. Le second est formulé pour prendre en compte des structures stratifiées de forme arbitraire avec la possibilité d'introduire du métal. Cette méthode est appliquée à l'étude d'objets diffractants de révolution.
D'un point de vue applicatif, les performances en focalisation des antennes lentilles HMFE sont analysées et comparées à celles des lentilles de Luneburg. Les capacités de dépointage de cette lentille sont aussi quantifiées et une antenne lentille HMFE reconfigurable est présentée.
Ces performances sont validées par des mesures d'antennes lentilles HMFE en ondes millimétriques.