Journal articles on the topic 'Antenna'
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Rahmatia, Suci, Putri Wulandari, Nurul Khadiko, and Fitria Gani Sulistya. "Perbandingan Desain Antena Dipole dan Yagi-Uda Menggunakan Material Aluminium pada Frekuensi 470 – 890 MHz." JURNAL Al-AZHAR INDONESIA SERI SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI 3, no. 3 (December 20, 2017): 140. http://dx.doi.org/10.36722/sst.v3i3.219.
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<p><em>Abstrak </em><strong> - Antena merupakan alat pemancar yang akrab dengan aktifitas sehari-hari dan mudah sekali dijumpai, di rumah, di gedung, bahkan pada alat komunikasi yang digunakan. Salah satu antena yang sering digunakan adalah antena televisi. Antena televisi yang sering digunakan adalah Yagi-Uda yang biasanya dipakai sebagai outdoor antena dan antena dipole yang biasanya digunakan untuk indoor antena. Masing – masing jenis antena memiliki kriteria dan keuntungan berdasarkan dari kebutuhan penggunaannya. Baik antena dipole maupun antena Yagi-Uda memiliki perbedaan diantaranya adalah besar bandwidth, nilai gain, dan pola radiasi. Pada paper ini dapat diketahui bahwa bandwidth yang dimiliki antena yagi-uda lebih besar daripada antena dipole yakni 0.39943 MHz untuk antena yagi-uda dan 0.16569 MHz untuk antena dipole. Begitupula dengan besar Gain yang dimiliki antena Yagi-Uda (6.64 dBi) lebih besar dibandingkan dengan gain dari antena dipole (2.29 dBi). Perbedaan ini dikarenakan faktor elemen director dan ketebalannya.</strong></p><p><strong><br /></strong></p><p><strong><em>Kata Kunci</em></strong> – <em>Atena Televisi, Atena Yagi-Uda, Atena Dipole, Gain, Bandwidth</em></p><p><em> </em></p><p><em>Abstract</em> <strong>- Antenna is a transmitter tool that is familiar with daily activity and easy to find at home, in the building, even on the communication tool used. One of antenna that is often used is a television antenna. Television antennas are often used is Yagi-Uda which is usually used as an outdoor antenna and dipole antenna that is usually used for indoor antennas. Each type of antenna has the criteria and advantages based on the needs of its use. Both dipole antennas and Yagi-Uda antennas have differences among them are bandwidth, gain, and radiation pattern. In this paper it can be seen that the bandwidth of yagi-uda antenna is bigger than dipole antenna that is 0.39943 MHz for Yagi-Uda antenna and 0.16569 MHz for dipole antenna. Neither the large Gain of the Yagi-Uda antenna (6.64 dBi) is greater than the gain of the dipole antenna (2.29 dBi). This difference is due to element factor of director and its thickness.</strong></p><p><strong><br /></strong></p><p><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong><strong> – </strong><em>Television Antenna, Yagi-Uda Antenna, Dipole Antenna, Gain, Bandwidth</em><strong> </strong></p>
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Gargi, C., J. S. Kennedy, and T. D. Jayabal. "Morphometrics and distribution of antennal sensillae of both sexes of Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 14, SI (July 15, 2022): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v14isi.3563.
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Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, is a devastating invasive pest persisting as a menace hampering the progress of Indian agriculture. The morphometrics and distribution of antennal sensilla of both sexes of S. frugiperda were investigated in the study. The antenna was filiform for both sexes and was composed of scape, pedicel and flagellum. Male antennas had more subsegments (65-71) in the flagellum than female (56-70) antennas. Male and female S. frugiperda antennae possessed eight types of sensilla: sensilla trichoidea, sensilla chaetica, sensilla coeloconica, sensilla styloconica, sensilla basiconica, sensilla auricillica, sensilla squamiformia and Bӧhm’s bristles. Sensilla trichoidea was the most abundant sensilla found in the antenna of both sexes and was more abundant in males than in females. It was also noticed that male antenna was longer than the female antenna. The results of the present study helps to assess alternative management strategies with an electrophysiological response of the pest towards sex pheromones and in combination with plant info chemicals for monitoring and management of S. frugiperda in agricultural ecosystems.
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Hidayat, M. Reza, Reza Agung Permana, and Susanto Sambasri. "Konversi Antena Mimo 2x2 Frekuensi 2,4 Ghz Menjadi 5,5 Ghz Menggunakan Patch Bowtie Berbasis Dual Slot Segi Empat dan Single Slot Segitiga." TELKA - Telekomunikasi Elektronika Komputasi dan Kontrol 7, no. 2 (November 22, 2021): 161–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.15575/telka.v7n2.161-173.
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Perkembangan antena radar semakin cepat dan beragam, salah satunya adalah antena MIMO (multiple output). Antena MIMO banyak digunakan untuk teknologi 5G karena efisiensi spectral dan fekuensi yang tinggi. Antena MIMO juga merupakan suatu sistem yang menggunakan multi antena baik pengrim (Transmitter) maupun penerima (receiver) yang bisa mengatasi kelemahan pada sistem komunikasi wireless. Penelitian ini merancang sebuah antena mikrostrip MIMO 2X2 dengan menggunakan patch bowtie untuk mengkonversi frekuensi dari 2,4 GHz menjadi 5,5 GHz dengan menambahkan dual slot segiempat dan single slot segitiga. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan penambahan dual slot segiempat dan single slot segitiga pada patch antena bowtie dapat menggeser frekuensi kerja dari 2,4 GHz menjadi 5,5 GHz. Dari hasil simulasi antena MIMO 2X2 didapatkan nilai return loss S11 sebesar -46,5 dB, insertion loss S21 sebesar -25,2 dB, bandwidth sebesar 192,2 MHz, VSWR sebesar 1,00 dan gain sebesar 3,11 dBi. Hasil dari pengukuran antena MIMO menunjukkan perbedaan dari parameter antena 1 dan 2. Hal ini disebabkan adanya ketidaksamaan ukuran dari antena 1 dan antena 2. Pengukuran nilai return loss untuk antena 1 yaitu sebesar -22,32 dB dan -15,63 dB untuk antena 2. Hasil pengukuran insertion loss antena 1 dan 2 memiliki nilai yang sama yaitu -43,5 dB dan untuk lebar bandwidth memiliki perbedaan nilai yaitu 50 MHz untuk antena 1 dan 100 MHz untuk antena 2. Pengukuran nilai VSWR 1 didapatkan nilai sebesar 1,96, VSWR 2 sebesar 1,41. The development of radar antennas is getting faster and more diverse, one of which is the MIMO (multiple output) antenna. MIMO antennas are widely used for 5G technology because of their high spectral efficiency and frequency. MIMO antenna is also a system that uses multiple antennas, both transmitter and receiver which can solving the weaknesses in wireless communication systems. The research designed a 2X2 MIMO microstrip antenna using a patch bowtie to convert the frequency from 2.4 GHZ to 5.5 GHz by adding dual rectangular slots and single triangular slots. The simulation results show that the addition of dual rectangular slots and single triangular slots on the patch bowtie antenna can shift the working frequency from 2.4 GHz to 5.5 GHz. From the simulation results of MIMO 2X2 antenna, the return loss value of S11 is -46.5 dB, insertion loss S21 is -25.2 dB, bandwidth is 192.2 MHz, VSWR is 1.00 and gain is 3.11 dBi. The results of the MIMO antenna measurements show differences in the parameters of antennas 1 and 2. This is due to the difference size of antenna 1 and antenna 2. The measurement of the return loss value for antenna 1 is -22.32 dB and -15.63 dB for antenna 2 The results of the insertion loss measurements for antennas 1 and 2 have the same value, which is -43.5 dB and for the width of the bandwidth has a different value, 50 MHz for antenna 1 and 100 MHz for antenna 2. Measurement of the value of VSWR 1 obtained a value of 1.96, VSWR 2 is 1.41.
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OKTAFIANI, FOLIN, SULISTYANINGSIH SULISTYANINGSIH, and ACHMAD MUNIR. "Efek Jumlah Ridge terhadap Performansi Antena Horn untuk Aplikasi Tomografi." ELKOMIKA: Jurnal Teknik Energi Elektrik, Teknik Telekomunikasi, & Teknik Elektronika 12, no. 2 (April 23, 2024): 429. http://dx.doi.org/10.26760/elkomika.v12i2.429.
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ABSTRAKPaper ini membahas pengaruh jumlah profil ridge terhadap performansi antena horn untuk aplikasi tomografi. Penelitian ini mengobservasi dua variasi jumlah ridge, yaitu dua ridge dan empat ridge. Untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh jumlah ridge terhadap kinerja antena horn, maka didesain tiga jenis antena horn yang berbeda: antena horn tanpa ridge (horn konvensional), antena horn dengan penambahan dua ridge (DRHA), dan antena horn dengan penambahan empat ridge (QRHA). Ketiga jenis antena difabrikasi dengan menggunakan teknik CNC milling dengan bahan dasar aluminium. Kinerja antena kemudian dikarakterisasi melalui eksperimen yang bertujuan untuk mengamati pengaruh jumlah ridge terhadap parameter-parameter antena, yaitu koefisien refleksi, gain, dan pola radiasi. Hasil dari karakterisasi eksperimen menunjukkan bahwa QRHA, yaitu antena horn dengan penambahan empat ridge, memberikan kinerja terbaik dalam hal bandwidth, beamwidth, dan gain.Kata kunci: antena horn; frekuensi cut-off; tomografi; double-ridge, quad-ridge. ABSTRACTThis paper discusses the effect of ridge number on the horn antenna performance for tomography application. The study observes two variations in the number of ridges: two ridges and four ridges. To evaluate the impact of the number of ridges on the horn antenna's performance, three different types of horn antennas were designed: horn antenna without ridge (conventional horn antenna); horn antenna with two addition ridges (DRHA); horn antenna with four addition ridges (QRHA). The antennas were fabricated using CNC milling technique with aluminum as the base material. The antenna performance was then characterized through experiments aimed at observing the influence of the number of ridges on antenna parameters in term of reflection coefficient, gain, and radiation pattern. The results of the experimental characterization indicated that QRHA, the horn antenna with the addition of four ridges, exhibited the best performance in terms of bandwidth, beamwidth, and gain.Keywords: horn antenna,cut-off frequency,tomography,double-ridge,quad-ridge.
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MARUDDANI, BASO, EFRI SANDI EFRI SANDI, and MUHAMMAD FADHIL NAUFAL SALAM. "Perancangan dan Optimasi Antena Vivaldi pada Sistem Radar Penembus Permukaan (Ground Penetrating Radar)." ELKOMIKA: Jurnal Teknik Energi Elektrik, Teknik Telekomunikasi, & Teknik Elektronika 7, no. 1 (January 24, 2019): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.26760/elkomika.v7i1.151.
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ABSTRAKAntena Vivaldi merupakan salah satu jenis antena yang diimplementasikan pada radar penembus permukaan (Ground Penetrating Radar, GPR). GPR adalah salah satu metode non-destructive testing yang biasa digunakan untuk mengetahui kondisi beton/jalan raya. Penelitian ini merancang sebuah antena Vivaldi untuk digunakan pada GPR dengan frekuensi kerja 1 GHz – 2 GHz. Metode yang digunakan untuk merancang dan mengoptimasi antena Vivaldi adalah dengan mengubah beberapa parameter untuk mencapai spesifikasi yang diinginkan. Parameter tersebut antara lain lebar antena, panjang antena dan tapered slot. Optimasi yang dilakukan tetap memperhatikan pola radiasi antena agar tetap terarah. Hasil penelitian ini menghasilkan antena Vivaldi dengan dimensi 350x300 mm dengan return loss di bawah -10 dB pada rentang frekuensi 1 GHz – 2 GHz. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa perubahan nilai parameter lebar antena dan tapered slot menggeser frekuensi kerja antena secara signifikan.Kata kunci: Ground Penetrating Radar, Vivaldi, return loss, parameter antena ABSTRACTThe Vivaldi antenna is one type of antenna that is implemented on Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR). GPR is one of the non-destructive testing methods commonly used to determine the condition of concrete / highway. This studyaim to design a Vivaldi antenna to be used on GPR with a working frequency of 1 GHz - 2 GHz. The method that used to design and optimize Vivaldi antennas is by changing several parameters to achieve the desired specifications. These parameters include antenna width, antenna length and tapered slot. Optimization carried out still observes the radiation pattern of the antenna to keep it directed. The results showed that 350 x 300 mm antennas with return loss below -10 dB in the frequency range of 1 GHz - 2 GHz. The results also show that changes in the parameter width of the antenna and tapered slots shift the antenna working frequency significantly.Keywords: Ground Penetrating Radar, Vivaldi, return loss, antenna parameter
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ASTUTI, RINA PUDJI, TRASMA YUNITA, and LINDA MEYLANI. "Konfigurasi Optimum pada Susunan Linear Antena MIMO Mikrostrip Polarisasi Sirkular." ELKOMIKA: Jurnal Teknik Energi Elektrik, Teknik Telekomunikasi, & Teknik Elektronika 10, no. 1 (January 14, 2022): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.26760/elkomika.v10i1.118.
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ABSTRAKUntuk memastikan sistem antena MIMO memiliki kapasitas kanal yang diharapkan, maka rancangan antenanya harus memenuhi indikator kinerja optimum, yang ditentukan oleh karakteristik dari elemen penyusun dan konfigurasi susunan antena MIMO. Polarisasi antena merupakan aspek yang mempengaruhi mutual coupling antar elemen antena pada MIMO. Sebagai salah satu parameter penting, maka konfigurasi polarisasi elemen antena pada proses desain harus dikaji dengan baik. Pada paper ini sebagai kontribusi penelitian, dilakukan kajian secara mendalam mengenai susunan linear elemen mikrostrip dengan polarisasi sirkular untuk antena MIMO pada frekuensi sub-6 GHz. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konfigurasi B dan C yang merupakan konfigurasi polarisasi silang yang memiliki rentang frekuensi 2,04 x dan 2,08 x lebih lebar dibandingkan konfigurasi A, yang memiliki rentang frekuensi terendah berdasarkan Envelope Cross Correlation (ECC), dan memiliki rentang frekuensi 3,9 x dan 3,87 x lebih lebar dibandingkan konfigurasi E yang memiliki rentang frekuensi terendah berdasarkan Diversity Gain (DG).Kata kunci: MIMO, antena, polarisasi sirkular, konfigurasi. ABSTRACTTo ensure MIMO antenna system has the expected channel capacity, antenna design needs to meet the requirement of MIMO antenna optimal performance indicators, that are determined by the characteristics of the constituent elements and the configuration of the MIMO antenna array. Antenna polarization is a feature that affects the mutual coupling between antenna elements in MIMO. Therefore, the configuration of antenna element polarization in the design process needs to be well studied. Our research contribution in this paper is an in-depth study of the linear arrangement of circularly polarized microstrip elements for MIMO antennas at sub-6 GHz frequencies. The simulation results show that B and C configuration as cross-polarizing configuration have 2,04 x and 2,08 x wider bandwidth than A configuration, that has narrowest bandwidth based on Envelope Cross Correlation (ECC), and have 3,9 x and 3,87 x wider bandwidth than E configuration, that having narrowest bandwidth based on Diversity Gain (DG).Keywords: MIMO, antenna, circular polarization, configuration.
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Tiwari, Rahul, and Seema Verma. "PROPOSED A COMPACT MULTIBAND AND BROADBAND RECTANGULAR MICROSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA FOR C-BAND AND X-BAND." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS & TECHNOLOGY 13, no. 3 (April 16, 2014): 4291–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/ijct.v13i3.2760.
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In this communication two proposed antenna described one for broadband at 6.71445GHz to 11.9362GHz with finite ground plane. The antenna designed with 11.4051mm× 8.388 mm radiating copper patch with ground plane design with 21.0051mm x17. 988mm. And this Compact broadband rectangular shape microstrip patch antenna is designed and analyzed for the return loss of -20.08 dB is achieved at the resonant frequency of 7.941GHz, From Antenna2-it is observed that, antenna for multiband at different frequency. The primary radiating elements are Simple Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna in upper side with probe feed and use finite ground plane are two parallel crossed printed slot for three different frequency applications which is smaller in size compared to other available multiband antennas. From the result, it is observed that, the return loss of -16.97 dB is achieved at the first resonant frequency of 4.853GHz, -10.30dB at the second resonant frequency of 8.382GHz, -10.73 dB at the third resonant frequency of 9.265GHz, -17.38 dB at the fourth resonant frequency of 10.15GHz and -12.37 dB at the fifth resonant frequency of 11.91GHz. This broadband and multi-band highly efficient antenna for use in C-Band, and X-Band.
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Bryan Wakita. "Analisis Perancangan Antena Yagi Menggunakan Teknik Fraktal Frekuensi UHF." Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi 1, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.58169/saintek.v1i1.35.
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Hal pertama yang perlu diperhatikan dalam merancang antenna adalah frekuensi yang digunakan. Frekuensi berpengaruh terhadap ukuran antenna. Semakin kecil antenna maka dimensi ukuran antenna semakin besar, begitu pula sebaliknya. Frekuensi yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah frekuensi UHF (600 MHz). antenna yang dirancang berjenis antenna yagi yang berdasarkaan frekuensi tersebut maka ukuran antenna terbilang besar. Untuk dapat mereduksi ukuran fisik antena dengan mempertahankan atau meningkatkan performansi antena tersebut, salah satu teknik yang dapat diterapkan adalah teknik fraktal Kurva Koch. Dari hasil simulasi antenai, diperoleh parameter karakteristik antena yaitu gain sebesar 12.9 dBi, VSWR 1.4, dan pola radiasi unidireksional. Setelah diterapkan teknik fraktal Kurva Koch iterasi 1 diperoleh kenaikan gain sebesar 7.3%, VSWR 1.18, pola radiasi unidireksional dan penurunan panjang fisik linear antena sebesar 7.4%.
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PRATAMA, BUDI, LITA LIDYAWATI, and ARSYAD RAMADHAN DARLIS. "Perancangan Dan Implementasi Antena Yagi 2.4 GHz Pada Aplikasi WIFI (Wireless Fidelity)." ELKOMIKA: Jurnal Teknik Energi Elektrik, Teknik Telekomunikasi, & Teknik Elektronika 1, no. 1 (January 1, 2013): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.26760/elkomika.v1i1.35.
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ABSTRAKPenggunaan teknologi komunikasi dengan menggunakan kabel kini sudah tergantikan oleh teknologi komunikasi tanpa kabel, dimana kebanyakan pengguna menggunakan perangkat access point yang memiliki jangkauan pancaran terbatas karena pola radiasi omnidirectional, sehingga diperlukan antena yang mempunyai pola radiasi directional untuk jangkauan pancaran yang lebih terarah. Antena yagi merupakan salah satu yang dapat digunakan untuk mengatasi masalah ini. Dalam penelitian ini, antena Yagi yang dirancang dapat diaplikasikan pada sistem WLAN. Hasil dari implementasi didapatkan bahwa antena Yagi dapat bekerja pada frekuensi kerja WLAN 2,4 GHz. Dan selainitudiperoleh level kuat medan dengan rata-rata peningkatan penguatan antena yagi terhadap antena omni sebesar 12,1 dB. Disamping itu diperoleh gain antena yagi sebesar 16 dB sedangkan hasil simulasi sebesar 10 dB, beamwidth vertikal 250 dan horizontal 260, dan bandwidth antena 150 MHz, Pada penelitian ini hasil yang didapatkan dibandingkan dengan hasil dari software vistumbler dan SuperNEC 2.9.Kata kunci: Access point, antenna yagi, directional, vistumbler, 2,4 GHz, SuperNEC 2.9ABSTRACTThe use of communication technologies by using cable technology has now been replaced by wireless communication, whichmost usersuse theaccess point device that has a limited range due to beam omnidirectional radiation pattern, so that the required antenna that has a directional radiation pattern to reach a more focused beam. Yagi antenna is one that can be used to overcome this problem. In this study, Yagi antenna is designed to be applied in WLAN system. Results obtained from the implementations that Yagi antennas can work at the operating frequency of 2.4 GHz WLAN. And besides it is obtained strong level terrain with an average increase of the antenna yagi antenna gain of 12.1dB omni. Besides, obtained yagi antenna gai nof 16 dB, while the simulation result sat 10 dB, 250 vertical and horizontal beamwidth of 260, and a bandwidth of 150 MHz antennas, In this study,the results obtained are compared with the results of the software vistumbler and SupeNEC 2.9.Keywords: Accesspoint, yagi antennas, directional, vistumbler, 2.4 GHz, SuperNEC 2.9
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Ren, Jinjing, Hezhihan Fan, Qi Tang, Zhongyuan Yu, Yang Xiao, and Xiang Zhou. "An Ultra-Wideband Vivaldi Antenna System for Long-Distance Electromagnetic Detection." Applied Sciences 12, no. 1 (January 5, 2022): 528. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12010528.
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Enlarging or reducing the antenna beam width of antennas can improve the positioning capability of detection systems. A miniaturized and easily fabricated ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna system for long-distance electromagnetic detection is proposed in this article. Two ultra-wideband Vivaldi antennae were designed. One was the transmitting antenna with a beam width of 90° or above, the other was a narrow beam antenna array with beam width less than 10°, as a receiving antenna. Both proposed antennae feature broadside gain diagrams with stable radiation patterns and wideband impedance matching in the frequency range between 2.5 GHz and 4 GHz. After detecting their frequency and time-domain behaviors, the detection system can achieve measurements covering a radius of 30 m.
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IBRAHIM, NUR. "Pendeteksian Lokasi Sumber Noise (Partial Discharge) secara Tiga Dimensi menggunakan Antenna Array." ELKOMIKA: Jurnal Teknik Energi Elektrik, Teknik Telekomunikasi, & Teknik Elektronika 3, no. 2 (July 1, 2015): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.26760/elkomika.v3i2.106.
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ABSTRAKPada penelitian ini akan dilakukan simulasi teknik pendeteksian lokasi sumber noise berupa partial discharge (PD) pada peralatan tegangan tinggi, dengan menggunakan susunan antena yang terdiri dari empat buah antena monopole sebagai sensor untuk mendeteksi gelombang elektromagnetik (EM) yang dipancarkan dari partial discharge (PD). Algoritma yang digunakan mengacu kepada time difference of arrival (TDOA) dari sinyal yang diterima antar antena (dengan menjadikan salah satu antena sebagai antena referensi). Metode yang digunakan untuk menentukan TDOA adalah metode Akaike Information Criterion, metode Energy Criterion, metode Gabor Centroid, metode threshold detection, metode peak detection, dan metode cross-correlation. Sistem pendeteksian lokasi sumber noise ini menggunakan konfigurasi susunan antena membentuk Y. Jarak antar antena diatur sejauh 2 meter dan 4 meter. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan dan analisis, konfigurasi susunan antena membentuk Y memiliki tingkat akurasi 97.67%. Metode yang paling akurat untuk menentukan TDOA adalah metode cross-correlation.Kata kunci: PD, TDOA, susunan antena.ABSTRACTThis paper presents a simulation of locating noise source (Partial Discharge) on high-voltage apparatuses, by using antenna array that consisted of four monopole antennas as sensor to record the electromagnetic waves (EM) emitted from Partial Discharge (PD). The detection algorithm is based on the time difference of arrival (TDOA) of the signals received between antennas (by using one of four antennas as reference antenna). The methods to determine TDOAs are Akaike Information Criterion method, Energy Criterion method, Gabor Centroid method, threshold detection method, peak detection method, and/or cross-correlation method. These system use Y-shaped array configuration. The adjusted distance between antennas are 2 meter and 4 meter. From the observation and analysis results, Y-shaped array antenna configuration has accuracy 97.76%. The best method to get TDOA is the cross-correlation method.Keywords: PD, TDOA, antenna array.
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ANGGELINA, IRSANDI, TRASMA YUNITA, and LEVY OLIVIA NUR. "Perancangan dan Realisasi Antena Mikrostrip Fraktal Kӧch untuk Aplikasi TV Digital di Dalam Ruangan." ELKOMIKA: Jurnal Teknik Energi Elektrik, Teknik Telekomunikasi, & Teknik Elektronika 8, no. 1 (January 31, 2020): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.26760/elkomika.v8i1.16.
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ABSTRAK
Siaran TV digital umumnya menggunakan antena tipe Yagi dan Kubikal yang berukuran besar sehingga tidak fleksibel digunakan di dalam ruangan. Penelitian ini merancang dan merealisasikan antena mikrostrip miniaturisasi fraktal Köch agar dimensi antena lebih kecil dan bandwidth lebih besar sehingga cocok digunakan di dalam ruangan. Miniaturisasi antena berupa fraktal Köch iterasi-1 pada patch dan teknik slot iterasi-2 pada ground plane menggunakan pencatuan mikrostrip proximity coupled feed pada alokasi frekuensi TV digital Indonesia 478 – 694 MHz dengan bandwidth 216 MHz. Antena dirancang pada software perancang antena, direalisasikan, diukur, dan diaplikasikan pada TV digital. Hasil simulasi antena menunjukkan bandwidth yang lebih besar dari spesifikasi yaitu 245,99 MHz pada rentang frekuensi 477,81 – 723,8 MHz. Return loss dan gain untuk direalisasikan sebesar -16,67 dB dan 3,085 dB pada frekuensi tengah 586 MHz. Pola radiasi berbentuk bidirectional dan polarisasi berbentuk linier. Panjang dan lebar antena hasil realisasi 17,33 cm X 17,33 cm.
Kata Kunci: TV digital, antena, mikrostrip, Fraktal, Köch
ABSTRAC
Digital TV broadcasting generally uses large Yagi and Cubical type antennas, so it is not flexible to be used indoor. This study designs and applies miniaturization of Köch fractal microstrip antennas to obtain smaller dimensions and larger bandwidth. The miniaturization of antenna are Köch fractal iteration-1 on patch and iteration-2 slot technique on ground plane using proximity coupled feed at frequency allocation 478 – 694 MHz and the bandwidth is 216 MHz. The antenna
was designed in software and developed, measured, and applied to digital TV. Antenna simulation results show a greater bandwidth than specification, 245.99 MHz, at the frequency range of 477.81 – 723.8 MHz. Return loss and gain simulation results that meet the specifications to be applied to digital TV antennas are -16.67 and 3.085 dB at 586 MHz center frequency. The radiation pattern is bidirectional and polarization is linear. The length and width dimensions of the antenna is 17.33 cm × 17.33 cm.
Keywords: TV digital, antenna, microstrip, Fractal, Köch
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Zhukovskaya, M. I., and E. S. Novikova. "MORPHOLOGICAL ASYMMETRY OF ANTENNAE AND BEHAVIORAL ASYMMETRIES DURING GROOMING IN THE COCKROACH <i>PERIPLANETA AMERICANA</i> L." Журнал эволюционной биохимии и физиологии 59, no. 2 (March 1, 2023): 112–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0044452923020079.
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Animal behaviors are often characterized by behavioral asymmetry, or lateralization, which is caused in part by the morphological asymmetry of the body and/or brain. To test the hypothesis that functional asymmetry of grooming is connected with morphological asymmetry of the antennae in American cockroach Periplaneta americana, we measured the length of the antennae, scapus diameter, pedicel diameter and length, and segment’s diameter and length. The data obtained indicate statistically significant differences: segment length is greater on the left antennae, and segment width is greater on the right antennae, except for a short region near the base. Correlation analysis revealed the following relationships: longer right antenna corresponds to more time spent cleaning it; scapus diameter larger on the right antenna correlates with antenna cleaning frequency; asymmetry of flagellum segments has no effect on cleaning asymmetry. Presenting sex pheromone at a suprathreshold dose increased asymmetry of antennal grooming, while asymmetry for leg grooming was generally unchanged. Thus, the asymmetry of antennal grooming, resulting at least in part from morphological asymmetry, significantly changes in the presence of a biologically important olfactory stimulus, the sex pheromone.
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Dong, P. D., J. Chu, and G. Panganiban. "Coexpression of the homeobox genes Distal-less and homothorax determines Drosophila antennal identity." Development 127, no. 2 (January 15, 2000): 209–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.127.2.209.
Full textAbstract:
The Distal-less gene is known for its role in proximodistal patterning of Drosophila limbs. However, Distal-less has a second critical function during Drosophila limb development, that of distinguishing the antenna from the leg. The antenna-specifying activity of Distal-less is genetically separable from the proximodistal patterning function in that certain Distal-less allelic combinations exhibit antenna-to-leg transformations without proximodistal truncations. Here, we show that Distal-less acts in parallel with homothorax, a previously identified antennal selector gene, to induce antennal differentiation. While mutations in either Distal-less or homothorax cause antenna-to-leg transformations, neither gene is required for the others expression, and both genes are required for antennal expression of spalt. Coexpression of Distal-less and homothorax activates ectopic spalt expression and can induce the formation of ectopic antennae at novel locations in the body, including the head, the legs, the wings and the genital disc derivatives. Ectopic expression of homothorax alone is insufficient to induce antennal differentiation from most limb fields, including that of the wing. Distal-less therefore is required for more than induction of a proximodistal axis upon which homothorax superimposes antennal identity. Based on their genetic and biochemical properties, we propose that Homothorax and Extradenticle may serve as antenna-specific cofactors for Distal-less.
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Faizal, Iwan. "PENGEMBANGAN ANTENA HELIKS X-BAND 8,2 GHZ UNTUK SATELIT MIKRO (DEVELOPMENT OF 8.2 GHZ X-BAND HELICAL ANTENNA FOR MICRO SATELLITE)." Jurnal Teknologi Dirgantara 14, no. 2 (July 21, 2017): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.30536/j.jtd.2016.v14.a2494.
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Helical antenna is one of the antennas which are very popular among amateurs satellite. In the X-band frequency, circularly polarized antenna is necessary, because it can overcome the effects of anomalous propagation, ground reflection, and rotational dynamic effects that occur in many satellites. These antennas have a large enough gain, that can reach 15 dB and has a directional radiation pattern with a bandwidth ratio of 1.78: 1 and is almost close to the broadcast antenna (≥ 2). The purpose of this research was to design, create prototypes, and analyze performance of X-band helical antenna at the frequency of 8.2 GHz for the micro satellite, which refered to the design of LAPAN-A3 satellite. This antenna manufacturing method using a silver-plated copper wire was used for winding helix with a diameter of 1.29 mm or AWG 16 (American Wire Gauge). The software was used to design helical antenna is 4NEC2. From the results of the design, the magnitude of VSWR (Voltage Standing Wave Ratio) obtained was 3.3, the magnitude of the beamwidth was 66 degrees. Based on test results in the Lab, the magnitude of the beamwidth was 66 degrees, and the magnitude of VSWR was 1.39. Differences VSWR were due 4NEC2 used the technique of axial feed, while the helical antenna prototype used technique peripheral feed in the its matching impedance. Abstrak:Antena heliks adalah salah satu antena yang sangat populer dikalangan satelit amatir. Pada frekuensi X-Band antena berpolarisasi sirkuler sangat diperlukan, karena dapat mengatasi efek dari anomali propagasi, refleksi tanah, dan efek spin yang banyak terjadi pada satelit. Antena ini memilki gain yang cukup besar, dapat mencapai 15 dB dan memiliki pola radiasi terarah dengan rasio lebar pita 1,78:1 dan hampir mendekati antena broadcast (≥ 2). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk merancang, membuat prototipe dan menganalisis performa antena heliks X-Band pada frekuensi 8,2 GHz untuk satelit mikro, yang mengacu pada desain satelit LAPAN-A3. Metode manufaktur antena ini menggunakan kawat tembaga berlapis perak yang digunakan untuk lilitan heliks dengan diameter 1,29 mm atau AWG 16. Perangkat lunak yang digunakan untuk mendesain antena heliks adalah 4NEC2. Hasil uji simulasi desain antena helix diperoleh nilai VSWR 3,3, dan beamwidth 66 derajat. Dari hasil pengujian VSWR yang didapat adalah 1,39 dan beamwidth 66 derajat. Perbedaan VSWR tersebut dikarenakan 4NEC2 menggunakan teknik axial feed, sementara prototipe antena heliks menggunakan teknik peripheral feed pada penyesuai impedansinya.
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Dugin, N. A., Yu S. Fedosenko, G. R. Belyaev, and E. N. Myasnikov. "Investigating process technologies for production of carbon composite material antennas for maritime radio communication systems." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2061, no. 1 (October 1, 2021): 012020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2061/1/012020.
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Abstract The paper is dedicated to studying manufacturing prospects of antenna devices from carbon composite materials and suggests technical solutions aimed at water transportation radio communication needs. Principal physical parameters of the carbon composite material used in manufacture and subsequent studies of antenna specimens were compared to those of metals. Peculiarities of manufacturing carbon composite antenna devices have been considered. Antenna specimens were experimentally studied for their electromagnetic characteristics, while their digital copies were studied in simulation. Similarities are pointed out between the main characteristics of composite antennae and their metal analogs. Efficiency of proposed technical solutions and antenna building technologies are demonstrated for application of carbon composite antennas in marine radio communication.
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Ramya, M., V. Parthipan, and M. Yogadeepan. "Certain Investigations on Edge Fed Microstrip Patch Array Antenna for WiMAX Applications." Asian Journal of Electrical Sciences 4, no. 1 (May 5, 2015): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.51983/ajes-2015.4.1.1937.
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Recently, a new wireless technology, i.e., Worldwide interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX), has been demonstrated to have its strong potential to provide a very high speed of broadband services. By simultaneously using multiple antennas at transmitter and receiver sites, these systems exploit the spatial dimension of the propagation channel. The development of such antennas includes the design of array antenna, optimizing the array antenna parameters and thereby increasing its performance. This paper mainly focuses on design of single microstrip patch antennae and linear array configurations by optimizing the various antenna parameters such as directivity, gain, Mutual coupling and beamwidth etc., Microstrip array antennae designed and simulated using IE3D for WiMAX application operating at 2.4GHz and the same configurations are also optimized and analyzed. In this analysis, upon comparing the parameters such as gain, directivity, return loss and 3-dB beamwidth quantitatively it is proposed that the linear array promises very narrow beamwidth with optimized gain.
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Bhowmick, Snehal. "AN ORGANISED AND FOCUSED REVIEW OF A MICROSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA FOR ITS DEPLOYMENT IN BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 08, no. 01 (January 15, 2024): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem28174.
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Reviewing microstrip antennas for diverse applications is the goal of this paper. The designing of microstrip patch antennae is a new study subject established for utilise in 5th generation communications applications. An antenna is a group of interconnected devices that work together to transmit and receive radio waves as a single antenna. Antennas come in many sizes and shapes. An antenna design that is low profile, lightweight, and results-oriented is the microstrip patch. In the future, microstrip patch antenna may be used for various 6G communication systems applications. Furthermore, 6G communication applications can be developed for additional devices, such as autonomous cars, machine learning, artificial neural network algorithms, radar, internet of things (IoT), biomedical, and vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication. In the past, 4G wireless applications employed the multiple input, numerous output (MIMO) pattern as a standard geometry. This study covers several types of antennas, their geometric structures, different methods for analyzing their features, and their dimensions. The component of the substrate substances, loss tangent, the thickness, return loss, bandwidth, voltage-standing-wave ratio (VSWR), gain, and orientation from the earlier publications will also be covered. Keywords – microstrip, patch, antenna, IoT, biomedical, V2V, MIMO, VSWR
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MADIAWATI, HANNY, and JOKO SURYANA. "Desain dan Implementasi Antena Mikrostrip VSAT Bergerak pada Frekuensi Downlink Ku Band." ELKOMIKA: Jurnal Teknik Energi Elektrik, Teknik Telekomunikasi, & Teknik Elektronika 4, no. 2 (March 14, 2018): 160. http://dx.doi.org/10.26760/elkomika.v4i2.160.
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ABSTRAKKebutuhan sistem komunikasi satelit bergerak pada pita Ku sekarang ini mulai berkembang di Indonesia. Ku-band memiliki ketersediaan lebar pita yang besar dan memilikipanjang gelombang yang lebih pendek. Panjang gelombang yang pendek berpengaruh pada dimensi perangkat yang lebih kecil.Pada umumnya antena satelit untuk sistem yang bergerak menggunakan parabola namun penggunaannya pada kendaraanterkendalaberatnya masa keseluruhan sistem sehingga diperlukan sistem kendali motor dengan harga mahal. Oleh karena itu, penggunaan antena mikrostrip dengan metode antena susun (array) menjadi solusi yang dapat memungkinkan kendaraan tetap bergerak dengan baikdengan tetap menjaga kelangsungan hubungan telekomunikasi selama bergerak.Pada penilitian ini, suatu antena mikrostrip penerima dengan menggunakan metode array dengan jumlah patch2x16 yang mampu bekerja pada pita Ku-Band telah dirancang dan direalisasikan. Antena ini bekerja pada frekuensi 11,9 GHz dengan gain sebesar18,69 dB.Kata kunci: komunikasi satelit, Ku-Band, antena mikrostrip, antena mikrostrip array.ABSTRACTNeeds of mobile satellite communication system at Ku Band are currently being widely grown in Indonesia. Ku-band has a large bandwidth availability and has a shorter wavelengt. The short wavelength effect on the smaller device dimensions. In general, satellite antennas for mobile system uses parabolic antenna but if its use on vehicles the obstacle is weighing of the whole system so it takes motor control system with an expensive price. Therefor, the use of microstrip antenna by using antenna array is a solution that can allow the vehicle to keep moving well while maintaining the continuity of telecommunication links during the move. In this research, a microstrip antenna array receiver using the patch number 2x16 are able to work in the Ku-band has been design dan realized. The antenna work at 11.9GHz with a gain 18,69dB.Keywords: satellite communication, Ku-Band, microstrip antenna, array microstrip antenna.
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Jusoh, Ahmad Zamani, Nur Fatihah Husain, Norun Farihah Abdul Malek, Farah Nadia Mohd Isa, and Sarah Yasmin Mohamad. "Design of Miniaturized Antenna for IoT Applications Using Metamaterial." IIUM Engineering Journal 24, no. 1 (January 4, 2023): 122–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.31436/iiumej.v24i1.2505.
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With the accelerated development of wireless technology, miniaturized antennae have become outstandingly favored due to the growing demand of Internet of Things (IoT) devices that are essential to accommodate low power, high data rates, and long-range communication. When an antenna operates at lower frequencies, the size of the antenna becomes bulky, which has raised an issue in the integration of the antennae within IoT devices due to their size constraints. Hence, in this paper, a miniaturized ring-monopole antenna incorporated with Rectangular Complementary Split Ring Resonator (RCSRR) and slotted ground plane, was designed at 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz frequency bands. The antenna was miniaturized by 46.8 % with overall size of 30 mm x 24.8 mm x 1.6 mm, and it was printed on FR-4 substrate with dielectric constant of 4.3. Design optimization was carried out by modifying the antenna structure, optimizing the dimensions, and using a low loss Rogers RT5880 substrate with a dielectric constant of 2.2, and thickness of 1.575 mm. The width of the antenna was also reduced to 20 mm which furthered the size reduction to 57.8 %. From the simulation results, the antenna was operated at 2.448 GHz, 2.864 GHz, and 5.8 GHz frequency bands with good return loss at -13.872 dB, -33.491 dB, and -19.3 dB respectively. The antenna fabrication and measurement were also implemented to the best simulated design using different substrates to validate its performance by comparing the simulated results with the measured results. ABSTRAK: Dengan perkembangan pesat teknologi tanpa wayar, antena miniatur telah menjadi sangat digemari kerana permintaan yang semakin meningkat bagi peranti Internet Benda (IoT), iaitu mempunyai kuasa rendah, kadar data yang tinggi dan berkomunikasi jarak jauh. Apabila antena beroperasi pada frekuensi rendah, saiz antena menjadi besar, ini menimbulkan isu kekangan saiz pada antena ketika berada dalam peranti IoT. Oleh itu, kajian ini adalah berkenaan antena ekakutub-gelang kecil yang digabungkan dengan Resonator Gelang Pemisah Pelengkap Segiempat Tepat (RCSRR) dan satah tanah berslot, telah direka bentuk pada jalur frekuensi 2.4 GHz dan 5.8 GHz. Antena telah dikecilkan sebanyak 46.8 % dengan saiz keseluruhan 30 mm x 24.8 mm x 1.6 mm, dan ia dicetak pada substrat FR-4 dengan pemalar dielektrik 4.3. Reka bentuk optimum telah dilakukan dengan mengubah suai struktur antena, berdimensi optimum, menggunakan substrat Rogers RT5880 rendah kuasa dengan pemalar dielektrik 2.2, dan berketebalan 1.575 mm. Lebar antena juga dikurangkan sebanyak 20 mm, ini bermakna pengurangan saiz berjaya ditingkatkan kepada 57.8%. Dapatan simulasi menunjukkan antena telah beroperasi pada jalur frekuensi 2.448 GHz, 2.864 GHz dan 5.8 GHz dengan pengurangan kehilangan pulangan kuasa yang baik iaitu pada -13.872 dB, -33.491 dB dan -19.3 dB masing-masing. Fabrikasi dan pengukuran antena juga telah dilaksanakan pada reka bentuk simulasi terbaik menggunakan substrat yang berbeza bagi mengesahkan kemampuannya dengan membandingkan dapatan simulasi dengan hasil yang diukur.
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Mohamad, Sarah Yasmin, Ahmad Alhadi Ruslan, Khairayu Badron, Ahmad Fadzil Ismail, Norun Farihah Abdul Malek, and Farah Nadia Mohd Isa. "STUDY OF MICROSTRIP PATCH ARRAY ANTENNA FOR SIDE LOBE SUPPRESSION IN THE X-BAND REGION USING UNIFORM, BINOMIAL AND TSCHEBYSCHEFF EXCITATION METHODS." IIUM Engineering Journal 21, no. 1 (January 20, 2020): 61–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.31436/iiumej.v21i1.1221.
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In this paper, a microstrip patch array antenna is designed and simulated to operate in the X-band frequency region at 9.5 GHz. For X-band communication transmission, it is necessary to suppress the side lobe radiation pattern of the antenna as much as possible to avoid the transmission being intercepted and/or received by undesirable neighbouring satellites. The geometrical design of the microstrip patch array antenna is simulated and executed using CST Microwave Studio (CST MWS) in order to study the effects of various antenna parameters such as S11, gain, directivity, side lobe level, and angular width. It is shown that the proposed antenna exhibits a low side lobe level of -14.2 dB with an acceptable high gain and directivity of 16.5 dB and 17.7 dB, respectively. The antenna configuration also has a size of only 285 mm × 59.275 mm which is much more compact and lightweight compared to the standard reflector antennas that are used for most X-band communication transmission.
ABSTRAK: Kajian ini berkaitan antena cantuman barisan jalurmikro yang direka dan disimulasi beroperasi pada 9.5 GHz frekunsi daerah jalur-X. Pada transmisi komunikasi jalur-X, corak radiasi sisi-lobus antena perlu ditahan sebanyak mungkin bagi mengelak transmisi dipintas dan/atau diterima oleh satelit tetangga yang tidak di ingini. Rekaan geometri antena cantuman barisan jalurmikro disimulasi dan diuji menggunakan perisian CST Studio Gelombang Mikro (CST MWS) bagi mengkaji pelbagai kesan parameter antenna seperti S11, gandaan, keterarahan, tahap sisi-lobus dan lebar sudut. Didapati bahawa antena yang dicadangkan mempunyai tahap sisi-lobus -14.2 dB yang rendah dengan gandaan tinggi yang boleh diterima dan keterarahan sebanyak 16.5 dB dan 17.7 dB, masing-masing. Tatabentuk antena mempunyai saiz 285 mm × 59.275 mm yang kompak dan ringan berbanding antena pemantul piawai, di mana telah digunakan pada kebanyakan jalur-X transmisi komunikasi.
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Dong, P. D. Si, Jennifer Scholz Dicks, and Grace Panganiban. "Distal-less and homothorax regulate multiple targets to pattern the Drosophila antenna." Development 129, no. 8 (April 15, 2002): 1967–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.129.8.1967.
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The Drosophila antenna is a highly derived appendage required for a variety of sensory functions including olfaction and audition. To investigate how this complex structure is patterned, we examine the specific functions of genes required for antenna development. The nuclear factors, Homothorax, Distal-less and Spineless, are each required for particular aspects of antennal fate. Coexpression of Homothorax, necessary for nuclear localization of its ubiquitously expressed partner Extradenticle, with Distal-less is required to establish antenna fate. Here we test which antenna patterning genes are targets of Homothorax, Distal-less and/or Spineless. We report that the antennal expression of dachshund, atonal, spalt, and cut requires Homothorax and/or Distal-less, but not Spineless. We conclude that Distal-less and Homothorax specify antenna fates via regulation of multiple genes. We also report for the first time phenotypic consequences of losing either dachshund or spalt and spalt-related from the antenna. We find that dachshund and spalt/spalt-related are essential for proper joint formation between particular antennal segments. Furthermore, the spalt/spalt-related null antennae are defective in hearing. Hearing defects are also associated with the human diseases Split Hand/Split Foot Malformation and Townes-Brocks Syndrome, which are linked to human homologs of Distal-less and spalt, respectively. We therefore propose that there are significant genetic similarities between the auditory organs of humans and flies.
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ARYANTA, DWI, LITA LIDYAWATI, and MULIA EZA AKMAL. "Antena J-Pole Berbahan Aluminium Rod pada Komunikasi Handy Talky." ELKOMIKA: Jurnal Teknik Energi Elektrik, Teknik Telekomunikasi, & Teknik Elektronika 6, no. 3 (October 18, 2018): 367. http://dx.doi.org/10.26760/elkomika.v6i3.367.
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ABSTRAKPerangkat komunikasi Handy Talky (HT) yang ada saat ini masih relatif banyak dipergunakan mengingat nilai ekonomis yang dimilikinya. Pada beberapa tipe, perangkat ini memiliki kekurangan dalam hal jangkauan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merealisasikan dua buah antena J-Pole menggunakan bahan aluminium rod yang diaplikasi pada perangkat HT pada frekuensi 144 MHz. Hasil realisasi kedua antena diperoleh gain antena 1 dan 2 masing-masing sebesar 6,23 dB dan 6,34 dB, dimana VSWR didapatkan sebesar 1,27 dan 1,16. Nilai Return Loss pada antena 1 dan 2 masing-masing sebesar -18,58 dB dan -22,48 dB. Antena J-Pole yang diaplikasikan dapat menambah jarak jangkau HT yang digunakan sejauh 2,46 km dari penggunaan antena existing.Kata kunci: J-Pole, Handy Talky, VSWR, Gain, Omnidirectional. ABSTRACTHandy Talky (HT) communication devices that exist today are still relatively widely used considering the economic value it has. In some types, this device has a deficiency in terms of range. This study aims to realize two J-Pole antennas using aluminum rod material applied to HT devices at a frequency of 144 MHz. The second antenna gain result obtained antenna gain 1 and 2 respectively equal to 6.23 dB and 6.34 dB, where VSWR got equal to 1.27 and 1.16. Return Loss values on antennas 1 and 2 are respectively -18.58 dB and -22.48 dB. The applied J-Pole antenna can increase the range of HT used as far as 2.46 km from the use of existing antenna.Keywords: J-Pole, Handy Talky, VSWR, Gain, Omnidirectional
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Kim, Donghyuk, Daniel Hernandez, and Kyoung-Nam Kim. "Design of a Dual-Purpose Patch Antenna for Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Induced RF Heating for Small Animal Hyperthermia." Applied Sciences 11, no. 16 (August 8, 2021): 7290. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11167290.
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The popularity of patch antennas in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has reduced because of the large size required for patch antennae to resonate. Since the size of the patch antenna is associated with the wavelength and the wavelengths that are used in MRI are substantially large, large antennas are used. Methods of reducing patch antenna sizes have been proposed; however, these methods reduce the penetration depth and uniformity. In this study, we reduced the area of the patch antenna by 30% by folding the ground and patch planes in a zigzag pattern. The patch antenna produced two main resonant modes. The first mode produced a uniform magnetic field that was used for MRI. The second mode produced a strong and focused electric (|E|)-field, which was used for radiofrequency (RF) heating. Furthermore, we explored the use of a combination of two patch antennas aligned along the z-axis to provide a circular uniform magnetic flux density (|B1|) field at 300 MHz, which corresponds to the Larmor frequency in the 7T MRI system. In addition, the patch antenna configuration will be used for RF heating hyperthermia operating at 1.06 GHz. The target object was a small rat with insertion of colon cancer. Using the proposed configuration, we achieved |B1|-field uniformity with a standard deviation of 3% and a temperature increment of 1 °C in the mimic cancer tissue.
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Paays, Erby Virta Joseph, Syah Alam, and Indra Sujati. "Bandwidth Enhancement of 2x1 Microstrip Array Antena Using Slit Technique for Wireless Communication System." JOURNAL OF INFORMATICS AND TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING 6, no. 2 (January 25, 2023): 424–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.31289/jite.v6i2.8055.
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This study proposes a microstrip array antenna with frequency at of 2.3 GHz – 2.5 GHz for various applications, with smaller antena dimensions. The microstrip antenna designed in this study uses a rectangular patch consisting of two patch elements arranged in a linear array. The type of substrate used is FR-4 with a dielectric constant (εr) = 4.3 and a substrate thickness (h) = 1.6 mm. The feeding technique used is indirect feeding using a microstrip line feed. To increase the bandwidth, the antennas are arranged in an array with 50 ohm and 100 ohm microstrip lines. The simulated antenna parameters are return loss value -10 dB, VSWR 2, and gain value. The simulation results of the two-element array design with a substrate size of 123 mm x 65 mm obtained a return loss value of -27.99 dB at a frequency of 2300 MHz, -15.16 dB at a frequency of 2400 MHz, and -29.29 dB. The bandwidth generated in this study is 460 MHz or an increase of up to 283.3% when compared to a 2x1 antenna array without slit. Furthermore, the addition of slits succeeded in reducing the dimensions of 34.43% compared to 2x1 antenna arrays without slits. This antenna is very useful as a wireless communication receiving antena.
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Kumari, Shantha Selva, and R. ,. Mridula S. "Design of a 2*2 Microstrip Phased Array Antenna for Radar Applications." WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS 22 (December 31, 2023): 222–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/23204.2023.22.23.
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Micro-strips patch antennae used in array configurations are more beneficial than single antenna element by augmenting the directivity (dB) radiation pattern, and lowering the substrate's permittivity to overcome its drawbacks, which include poor gain, low efficiency, narrow bandwidth limited directivity. It also facilitates beam-steering capability which is obtained by enabling phase difference(β) between the antennas. Beam scanning capability is used in radar and GNSS technologies. This paper proposes a 2*2 microstrip phased array antenna by using rectangular microstrip patch antenna on an FR-4 dielectric substrate for beam scanning. The resonant frequency of the antenna is at 2.52GHz frequency with a good Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) value of 1.1325. The design has been simulated in Ansys HFSS software. The simulation results exhibit antenna better performance of the proposed antenna compared to state-of-art designs present in the literature. The compactly designed Rectangular Micro-strip Patch Antenna array shows a low S-parameter (–24.127858 dB), high gain (13.689104 dB), directivity (14.055125 dB), and efficiency of 91.917%.
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PURNAMA, AFATAH, EKA SETIA NUGRAHA, and MUNTAQO ALFIN AMANAF. "Penerapan Metode ACP untuk Optimasi Physical Tuning Antena Sektoral pada Jaringan 4G LTE di Kota Purwokerto." ELKOMIKA: Jurnal Teknik Energi Elektrik, Teknik Telekomunikasi, & Teknik Elektronika 8, no. 1 (January 31, 2020): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.26760/elkomika.v8i1.138.
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ABSTRAK
Kualitas jaringan 4G (LTE) yang masih tidak stabil sehingga menyebabkan bad coverage. Untuk meningkatkan kualitas jarigan 4G (LTE) dapat dilakukan dengan optimasi physical tuning antena sektoral. Physical tuning antena sektoral meliputi perubahan tinggi antena, azimuth dan tilting antena. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan optimasi physical tuning antena sektoral menggunakan metode Automatic Cell Planning (ACP) untuk memenuhi kebutuhan coverage di daerah Purwokerto Barat dan Purwokerto Utara. Perolehan persentase coverage site existing belum memenuhi standar KPI Operator untuk RSRP sebesar 78,491% ≥ (100) dBm dan CINR sebesar 65,698% ≥ (0) dB. Hasil optimasi physical tuninng antena sektoral menggunakan metode ACP sudah memenuhi standar KPI
Operator untuk RSRP sebesar 90,037% ≥ (100) dBm dan CINR sebesar 94,868% ≥ (0) dB.
Kata kunci: LTE, optimasi, physical tuning, Automatic Cell Planning, Atoll
ABSTRACT
The quality of the 4G (LTE) network is still unstable, causing bad coverage. To improve the quality of 4G network (LTE) can be done by sectoral antenna tuning optimization. Physical tuning of sectoral antennas includes changes in antenna height, azimuth and tilting antenna. In this study a sectoral antenna tuning physical optimization was carried out using the Automatic Cell Planning (ACP) method to meet coverage needs in West Purwokerto and North Purwokerto areas. The percentage of existing coverage sites has not met the KPI Operator standard for RSRP of 78.491% 100 (100) dBm and CINR of 65.669% ≥ (0) dB. The results of sectoral antenna tuning optimization using the ACP method have met the KPI Operator standard for RSRP of 90.037% ≥ (100) dBm and CINR of 94.868% ≥ (0) dB.
Keywords: LTE, optimization, physical tuning, Automatic Cell Planning, Atoll
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Sachin, Bandewar, and Singh Chaudhary Virendra. "Smart antenna design for mobile application." i-manager's Journal on Mobile Applications and Technologies 9, no. 2 (2022): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.26634/jmt.9.2.19065.
Full textAbstract:
Digitalization is becoming more and more important. Building smart houses and industries to offer humans longer lives is one of the main goals of the digitization movement. The main aim of this work is to make those verbal exchange modules more powerful with the aid of either improving the antennas to have a higher layout or changing it with new varieties of antennas that are better able to facilitate powerful verbal exchange. This paper proposes an antenna that can be applied to a verbal exchange module to be able to perform inside the Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) band at 2.4 GHz. After designing and simulating a complete Printed Circuit Board (PCB) antenna, it found that a few designs produced advanced simulation effects in terms of gain, reflection coefficient, voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), and band width. Always-pointing antennae are protected by the layout of the antenna, allowing it to protect features inside the Global Positioning System (GPS) and ISM (Industrial, Scientific, and Medical) bands for Wi-Fi devices.
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Mizutani, Hitomi, Kazuhiro Tagai, Shunya Habe, Yasuharu Takaku, Tatsuya Uebi, Toshifumi Kimura, Takahiko Hariyama, and Mamiko Ozaki. "Antenna Cleaning Is Essential for Precise Behavioral Response to Alarm Pheromone and Nestmate–Non-Nestmate Discrimination in Japanese Carpenter Ants (Camponotus japonicus)." Insects 12, no. 9 (August 28, 2021): 773. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects12090773.
Full textAbstract:
Self-grooming of the antennae is frequently observed in ants. This antennal maintenance behavior is presumed to be essential for effective chemical communication but, to our knowledge, this has not yet been well studied. When we removed the antenna-cleaning apparatuses of the Japanese carpenter ant (C. japonicus) to limit the self-grooming of the antennae, the worker ants demonstrated the self-grooming gesture as usual, but the antennal surface could not be sufficiently cleaned. By using scanning electron microscopy with NanoSuit, we observed the ants’ antennae for up to 48 h and found that the antennal surfaces gradually became covered with self-secreted surface material. Concurrently, the self-grooming-limited workers gradually lost their behavioral responsiveness to undecane—the alarm pheromone. Indeed, their locomotive response to the alarm pheromone diminished for up to 24 h after the antenna cleaner removal operation. In addition, the self-grooming-limited workers exhibited less frequent aggressive behavior toward non-nestmate workers, and 36 h after the operation, approximately half of the encountered non-nestmate workers were accepted as nestmates. These results suggest that the antennal sensing system is affected by excess surface material; hence, their proper function is prevented until they are cleaned.
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Setiyowati, Diah, Syah Alam, and Indra Surjati. "Miniaturization of Microstrip Antenna Using Spiral labyrinth Method at Frequency of Work 3.5 GHz." JOURNAL OF INFORMATICS AND TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING 5, no. 2 (January 26, 2022): 520–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.31289/jite.v5i2.5650.
Full textAbstract:
Along with the times, communication technology has developed so that it is currently included in the Fifth Generation (5G) Communication System. The 5G communication system is divided into three frequency categories, namely low band, middle band and high band. One of the important devices in the telecommunications sector is the antenna. Antenna serves to send and receive electromagnetic signals at a certain working frequency. Currently, antennas have been completely integrated into the needs of modern society. One type of antenna that can support the needs of today's technology is a microstrip antenna. This antenna has several advantages, especially in its antenna compact design, low profile configuration and affordable manufacturing costs. In this article, a microstrip antenna is designed with the spiral labyrinth method that works at a frequency of 3.5 GHz for 5G communication system. Propsosed antena designed using RT Duroid R5880 with dielectric constant ( ) 2.2, dielectric loss (loss tan) 0.0009 and thickness (h) 1.57 mm. The simulation results show the reflection coefficient -29.58 dB, VSWR 1.069, gain 6.432 dB at frequency of 3.5 GHz . Spiral labyrinth has been succesfully reduced patch antenna and enclosure until 22.5% and 24.8%, respectively.
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Xu, Kaihang. "Broadband Microstrip Antenna Overview." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 27 (December 27, 2022): 621–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hset.v27i.3825.
Full textAbstract:
Microstrip antennas are widely used in people's daily life. Microstrip antenna has the advantages of low cost, low profile, small space occupation, and high conformal capability. So the design of microstrip antennas can be encountered in daily life. Microstrip antennas include the military, aerospace, medical, and so on. Microstrip antenna has a wide research space. The three microstrip antennas, U-shaped open slit laminated microstrip antenna, dual frequency circularly polarized laminated microstrip antenna, and non-radiating edge-fed broadband double-layer microstrip patch antenna are mainly introduced to understand the research progress and expectation of today's microstrip antennas. This paper firstly introduces the basic theoretical concept of microstrip antenna, then introduces the cavity mode theory, and then mainly lists and introduces three kinds of designed microstrip antenna structures. Finally, these three types of microstrip patch antennas are analyzed. And the advantages, disadvantages, and development fields of the corresponding types of microstrip patch antennas are introduced. The application determines the structure of the method used, and each design has its strengths. Microstrip antennas always have room for research, and continuous research will be applied to more fields.
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Kumar, Ravi, Anchal Garg, Heli Shah, and Bhupinder Kaur. "Survey on performance parameters of planar microwave antennas." International Journal of Experimental Research and Review 31, Spl Volume (July 30, 2023): 186–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.52756/10.52756/ijerr.2023.v31spl.017.
Full textAbstract:
Planar antennas, which include microstrip antennas and printed circuit board antennas, are used in telecommunications. This study aims to provide an overview of microstrip antennas for diverse applications. Microstrip patch antenna design is a new study topic that has been established for usage in 5th-generation communication applications. An antenna is a group of connected devices that serve as a single antenna to broadcast or receive radio waves. Antennas come in a variety of designs and sizes. The paper discusses several printed microstrip antenna designs, such as rectangular to circular, broadband, dual-band, millimeter-wave and microstrip arrays. The microstrip patch is an antenna layout that is lightweight, low-profile, and results-oriented. Microstrip patch antennas may be employed in various 6G communication system applications in the future. This paper examines antenna geometric structures, antenna analysis methodologies, antenna dimensions and many different types of antennas. It will also go over the substrate materials, loss tangent, thickness, return loss, bandwidth, voltage-standing-wave-ratio (VSWR), gain, and directivity so that an optimized antenna can be designed and fabricated having excellent characteristics for use in modern applications by the promising academic researchers in the near future.
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Kim, Ilkyu, and Eunhee Kim. "Quad-Band Uniformly Spaced Array Antenna Using Diverse Patch and Fractal Antennas." Applied Sciences 13, no. 6 (March 14, 2023): 3675. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13063675.
Full textAbstract:
Multi-band antennas have received significant interest because they can support multiple wireless communication services with a single antenna. However, an array antenna consisting of these element antennas can suffer from non-periodic arrangement due to the irregular sizes of the elements. In this paper, various shapes of patch antennas with fractal antennas are used to ensure the periodic arrangement of the array antenna, and antenna array incorporated with a feed network is proposed. Four different antenna arrays operating at 2.45/3.7/4.3/5.0 GHz are aggregated in an antenna with interleaved disposition of the different element antennas. It is observed that mutual couplings between two elements are sufficiently low, at less than −23 dB. Peak antenna gain ranging from 11.1 dBi to 14.4 dBi at the four different bands is obtained.
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CHAUD-NETTO, J. "Antennal malformations in light ocelli drones of Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera, Apidae)." Revista Brasileira de Biologia 60, no. 1 (February 2000): 123–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0034-71082000000100015.
Full textAbstract:
Malformed antennae of Apis mellifera light ocelli drones were drawn, dissected and mounted permanently on slides containing Canada balsam, in order to count the olfactory discs present in each segment, in comparison with the number of those structures in normal antennae of their brothers. Some drones presented morphological abnormalities in a single segment of the right or left antenna, but others had two or more malformed segments in a same antenna. Drones with malformations in both antennae were also observed. The 4th and 5th flagellum segments were the most frequently affected. In a low number of cases the frequency of olfactory discs in malformed segments did not differ from that one recorded for normal segments. However, in most cases studied, the antennal malformations brought about a significant reduction in the number of olfactory discs from malformed segments.
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Rodrigues, Sérgio Roberto, and Andrezza Santos Cocco. "Antennal ultrastructure of three species of Cyclocephala Dejean, 1821 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)." EntomoBrasilis 17 (April 30, 2024): e1079. http://dx.doi.org/10.12741/ebrasilis.v17.e1079.
Full textAbstract:
This study describes the antennal ultrastructure in Cyclocephala forsteri Endrodi, 1963, Cyclocephala melanocephala (Fabricius, 1775) and Cyclocephala tucumana Brethes, 1904 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Adult of Cyclocephala Dejean, 1821 specimens were collected using a light trap placed near a pasture area, segregated by gender, based on male-specific dilated pre-tarsomeres and preserved in 70% alcohol. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the antenna lamellae were obtained from ten specimens at Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) in Ilha Solteira, SP, Brazil. We identified trichoid, chaetic, placoid, coeloconic, basiconic sensilla, and pores in antenna of all the species. Placoid sensilla were prevalent in the antennal lamellae. The antennae of C. forsteri females had 5,457 sensilla, of which 5,327 (97.62%) were placoid, 123 (2.25%) coeloconic, and seven (0.13%) basiconic, while the antennae of males showed 5,351 sensilla, with 5,238 (97.89%) being placoid, 100 (1.87%) coeloconic, and 13 (0.24%) basiconic. The antennae of C. melanocephala females presented 6,814 sensilla, with 6,581 (96.58%) being placoid, 231 (3.39%) coeloconic, and two (0.03%) basiconic; while those of males had 6,333 sensilla, with 6,023 (95.11%) being placoid and 310 (4.89%) coeloconic. Finally, the antennae of C. tucumana females had 1,981 sensilla, with 1,845 (93.13%) being placoid, 127 (6.42%) coeloconic, and nine (0.45%) basiconic; while the antennae of males had 3,756 sensilla, with 3,656 (97.34%) being placoid, 99 (2.64%) coeloconic, and one (0.02%) basiconic. Overall, adults of C. melanocephala and C. tucumana presented dimorphism in the antennal sensilla.
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Saeidi, Tale, Idris Ismail, Wong Peng Wen, Adam R. H. Alhawari, and Ahmad Mohammadi. "Ultra-Wideband Antennas for Wireless Communication Applications." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2019 (April 22, 2019): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/7918765.
Full textAbstract:
A review paper concerning wide-band and ultra-wideband (UWB) antennas used for wireless communication purposes in terms of the materials as well as a numerical analysis is presented. These antennas which are taken into account are listed as wide-band microstrip antenna, wide-band monopole antenna over a plate, wide-slot UWB antenna, stacked patch UWB antenna, taper slot (TSA) UWB antenna, metamaterial (MTM) structure UWB antennas, elliptical printed monopole UWB antenna, and flexible wearable UWB antenna. The antennas’ performance is compared based on their size and how they can be applicable for portable communication device applications. This review paper furnishes a proper direction to select varieties of figures in terms of impedance bandwidth, gain, directivity, dimensions, time domain characteristics, and materials affecting these antenna’s characteristics.
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Saltin, B. D., Y. Matsumura, A. Reid, J. F. Windmill, S. N. Gorb, and J. C. Jackson. "Material stiffness variation in mosquito antennae." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 16, no. 154 (May 2019): 20190049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2019.0049.
Full textAbstract:
The antennae of mosquitoes are model systems for acoustic sensation, in that they obey general principles for sound detection, using both active feedback mechanisms and passive structural adaptations. However, the biomechanical aspect of the antennal structure is much less understood than the mechano-electrical transduction. Using confocal laser scanning microscopy, we measured the fluorescent properties of the antennae of two species of mosquito— Toxorhynchites brevipalpis and Anopheles arabiensis —and, noting that fluorescence is correlated with material stiffness, we found that the structure of the antenna is not a simple beam of homogeneous material, but is in fact a rather more complex structure with spatially distributed discrete changes in material properties. These present as bands or rings of different material in each subunit of the antenna, which repeat along its length. While these structures may simply be required for structural robustness of the antennae, we found that in FEM simulation, these banded structures can strongly affect the resonant frequencies of cantilever-beam systems, and therefore taken together our results suggest that modulating the material properties along the length of the antenna could constitute an additional mechanism for resonant tuning in these species.
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Bag, Biplab, Priyabrata Biswas, Sushanta Biswas, Partha Pratim Sarkar, and Dibyendu Ghoshal. "Novel Monopole Microstrip Antennas for GPS, WiMAX and WLAN Applications." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 29, no. 03 (May 29, 2019): 2050050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126620500504.
Full textAbstract:
In this paper, two novel low-profile monopole antennas are presented for simultaneous operation in GPS (Global Positioning System), WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) and WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) applications. The antennas constitute of a T-shaped microstrip feed line and directly coupled strips to generate multiple bands. The proposed antennas are printed on one side of a low-cost FR4 epoxy substrate and partial ground plane (metal plane is etched partially) are fabricated on the other side of the substrate. The overall dimension of antenna is [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]mm3. Measured results show that the antenna1 (quad band) covers the four distinct operating bands of 320[Formula: see text]MHz (2.17–2.49[Formula: see text]GHz), 190[Formula: see text]MHz (3.31–3.50[Formula: see text]GHz), 270[Formula: see text]MHz (5.18–5.45[Formula: see text]GHz) and 700[Formula: see text]MHz (5.5–6.20[Formula: see text]GHz). Antenna2 (penta band) covers the frequency bands of 1.29–1.98[Formula: see text]GHz (center frequency 1.61[Formula: see text]GHz), 2.78–2.91[Formula: see text]GHz (center frequency 2.83[Formula: see text]GHz), 3.59–3.94[Formula: see text]GHz (center frequency 3.75[Formula: see text]GHz), 5.15–5.33[Formula: see text]GHz (center frequency 5.24[Formula: see text]GHz) and 5.39–6.06[Formula: see text]GHz (center frequency 5.56[Formula: see text]GHz). The detail antenna design and parametric analyses are discussed in steps. The characteristic of radiation pattern and gain are measured. The measured and simulated results are in good agreement. The antennas are designed using a simulation software HFSS v.15.
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SANDI, EFRI, WISNU DJATMIKO, and RIZKITA KURNIA PUTRI. "Desain U-slot Ganda untuk Meningkatkan Bandwidth Antena MIMO 5G Millimeter-wave." ELKOMIKA: Jurnal Teknik Energi Elektrik, Teknik Telekomunikasi, & Teknik Elektronika 8, no. 1 (January 31, 2020): 150. http://dx.doi.org/10.26760/elkomika.v8i1.150.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRAK
Pada penelitian ini dikembangkan rekayasa antena mikrostrip (MSA) dengan penambahan U-slot ganda untuk meningkatkan performansi bandwidth antena mikrostrip. Penelitian sebelumnya berfokus pada penambahan U-slot tunggal dan didesain untuk frekuensi di bawah 15 GHz. Kebutuhan utama antena 5G adalah memiliki bandwidth yang lebar dan kemampuan Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO). Untuk itu perlu dikembangkan desain antena MIMO 5G dengan bandwidth yang lebih lebar pada frekuensi millimeter-wave 28 GHz sebagai kandidat utama alokasi frekuensi untuk komunikasi seluler 5G. Pada penelitian ini diajukan teknik desain antena MIMO dengan penambahan rekayasa U-slot ganda untuk meningkatkan performansi bandwidth. Hasil kalkulasi dan simulasi menunjukkan bahwa dengan penambahan U-slot ganda, dihasilkan peningkatan performansi bandwith sebesar 68% dibandingkan desain antena tanpa U-slot. Jika
dibandingkan dengan hasil penelitian U-slot sebelumnya, penambahan U-slot ganda menghasilkan peningkatan bandwidth sebesar 76%.
Kata kunci: U-Slot ganda, antena 5G millimeter-wave, MIMO, bandwidth
ABSTRACT
In this study, a microstrip antenna (MSA) was developed with the addition of a double U-slot to improve bandwidth performance. Previous studies have focused on adding single U-slots and designed for frequencies below 15 GHz. The main requirement for 5G antennas is high bandwidth performance and multiple inputmultiple output capabilities (MIMO). Therefore, it is necessary to develop a 5G MIMO antenna with broader bandwidth at the millimeter-wave frequency 28 GHz as the primary candidate for frequency allocation for 5G cellular communication. In this study, MIMO antenna design techniques were proposed with the addition of a double U-slot method to improve bandwidth performance. The calculation and simulation results show that with the addition of a double U-slot, an increase in bandwidth performance of 68% compared to antenna designs without U-slots and 76% when compared to using a single U-slot in previous studies.
Keywords: Double U-Slot, millimeter-wave 5G antenna, MIMO, bandwidth
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Zeng, Wenxin, Wei Wang, and Sameer Sonkusale. "Temperature Sensing Shape Morphing Antenna (ShMoA)." Micromachines 13, no. 10 (October 4, 2022): 1673. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13101673.
Full textAbstract:
Devices that can morph their functions on demand provide a rich yet unexplored paradigm for the next generation of electronic devices and sensors. For example, an antenna that can morph its shape can be used to adapt communication to different wireless standards or improve wireless signal reception. We utilize temperature-sensitive shape memory alloys (SMA) to realize a shape morphing antenna (ShMoA). In the designed architecture, multiple conjoined shape memory alloy sections form the antenna. The shape morphing of this antenna is achieved through temperature control. Different temperature threshold levels are used for programming the shape. Besides its conventional use for RF applications, ShMoA can serve as a multi-level temperature sensor, analogous to thermoreceptors in an insect antenna. ShMoA essentially combines the function of temperature sensing, embedded computing for detection of threshold crossings, and radio frequency readout, all in the single construct of a shape-morphing antenna (ShMoA) without the need for any battery or peripheral electronics. The ShMoA can be employed as bio-inspired wireless temperature sensing antennae on mobile robotic flies, insects, drones and other robots. It can also be deployed as programmable antennas for multi-standard wireless communication.
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Kucukoner, E. M., A. Cinar, U. Kose, and E. Ekmekci. "Electrical Size Reduction of Microstrip Antennas by Using Defected Ground Structures Composed of Complementary Split Ring Resonator." Advanced Electromagnetics 10, no. 1 (April 10, 2021): 62–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.7716/aem.v10i1.1556.
Full textAbstract:
In this study the effects of using defected ground structures (DGS) composed of a complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) and CSRR with dumbbell (CSRR-D) for rectangular microstrip antennas are investigated. On this aim, two different antennas, which are Antenna B having CSRR etched DGS and Antenna C having CSRR-D etched DGS are designed and fabricated in comparison with the ordinary rectangular patch antenna, which is Antenna A. In both Antennas B and C, CSRR structures are etched in the same position of the ground planes. On the other hand, another ordinary microstrip antenna, called Antenna D, is designed at resonance frequency of Antenna C. For the characterization; resonance frequencies, voltage standing wave ratios, percentage bandwidths, gains, ka values and gain radiation patterns are investigated both in simulations and experiments. The numerical analyses show that 29.39% and 44.49% electrical size reduction (ESR) ratios are obtained for Antenna B and Antenna C, respectively in comparison to Antenna A. The experimental results verify the ESR ratios with 29.15% and 44.94%. Supporting, Antenna C promises 68.12% physical size reduction (PSR) as it is compared with Antenna D. These results reveal that Antenna C is a good alternative for DGS based microstrip electrically small antennas.
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Asril, Aprinal Adila, Lifwarda Lifwarda, and Yul Antonisfia. "Rancang Bangun Antena Mikrostrip Bowtie Pada Frekuensi 5,2 Ghz." Elektron : Jurnal Ilmiah 10, no. 2 (December 29, 2018): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.30630/eji.10.2.73.
Full textAbstract:
Microstrip antennas are very concerned shapes and sizes. Can be viewed in terms of simple materials, shapes, sizes and dimensions smaller antennae, the price of production is cheaper and able to provide a reasonably good performance, in addition to having many advantages, the microstrip antenna also has its drawbacks one of which is a narrow bandwidth. In this research will be designed a microstrip antenna bowtie which works at a frequency of 5.2 GHz which has a size of 68mm x 33mm groundplane. For the length and width of 33mm x 13mm patch. This antenna is designed on a printed cicuit board (PCB) FR4 epoxy with a dielectric constant of 4.7 and has a thickness of 1,6mm. This bowtie microstrip antenna design using IE3D software. This antenna has been simulated using IE3D software showed its resonance frequency is 5.270 GHz with a return loss -23 595 dB bandwidth of 230 MHz, VSWR 1,142, unidirectional radiation pattern and impedance 43,919Ω. The results of which have been successfully fabricated antenna with a resonant frequency of 5.21 GHz with a return loss -16.813 dB bandwidth of 79 MHz, VSWR 1.368, unidirectional radiation pattern, impedance 43,546Ω and HPBW 105 °.
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O, Jin, and Choi. "A Compact Four-Port Coplanar Antenna Based on an Excitation Switching Reconfigurable Mechanism for Cognitive Radio Applications." Applied Sciences 9, no. 15 (August 2, 2019): 3157. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9153157.
Full textAbstract:
In this paper, we propose a compact four-port coplanar antenna for cognitive radio applications. The proposed antenna consists of a coplanar waveguide (CPW)-fed ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna and three inner rectangular loop antennas. The dimensions of the proposed antenna are 42 mm × 50 mm × 0.8 mm. The UWB antenna is used for spectrum sensing and fully covers the UWB spectrum of 3.1–10.6 GHz. The three loop antennas cover the UWB frequency band partially for communication purposes. The first loop antenna for the low frequency range operates from 2.96 GHz to 5.38 GHz. The second loop antenna is in charge of the mid band from 5.31 GHz to 8.62 GHz. The third antenna operates from 8.48 GHz to 11.02 GHz, which is the high-frequency range. A high isolation level (greater than 17.3 dB) is realized among the UWB antenna and three loop antennas without applying any additional decoupling structures. The realized gains of the UWB antenna and three loop antennas are greater than 2.7 dBi and 1.38 dBi, respectively.
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Zhukov, A. N., R. V. Zhukov, and S. S. Rozhkov. "Prospects of combined antenna systems in onboard electronic protection systems of aircraft." Journal of «Almaz – Antey» Air and Space Defence Corporation, no. 4 (December 30, 2017): 40–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.38013/2542-0542-2017-4-40-45.
Full textAbstract:
The study compares two designs of antenna units in terms of reducing the coupling ratio between the transmitting and receiving antennas. The first design is the original transceiver antenna unit of an electronic countermeasure aircraft, which contains two transmitter antennas close to each other in a shared compartment and a receiver antenna in a separate compartment behind a solid screen with bevelled edges. The second design is an upgraded antenna unit of a compact electronic countermeasure station, in which each antenna is located in its own compartment formed by a cross-shaped divider; additional measures have also been taken to improve the modulus of the coupling ratio between antennas. Both antenna unit designs use the same broadband Vivaldi antennas.
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Vinothkanna, R. "A Survey – Wearable Antenna Techniques and its Applications." December 2022 1, no. 1 (December 15, 2022): 87–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.36548/rrrj.2022.1.008.
Full textAbstract:
Smart Antenna is an array of antennas which uses the smart signal processing algorithms to track and locate the client device using the direction of arrival of a signal. Smart Wearable Antennas are designed to function while being worn. Wearable antennas are used within the context of Wireless Body Area Networks. The wearable antenna is high in efficiency, miniature in size, and simple in structure, and is implemented with electrical performance and polarization effects, which helps in healthcare, medical and military applications, smart glasses, sensor devices in sports, etc. This research study reviews different wearable antenna technologies such as wearable textile antenna, microstrip antenna and wearable antenna array. Furthermore, the integrated different next generation antennas are also discussed.
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Vinothkanna, R. "A Survey – Wearable Antenna Techniques and its Applications." December 2022 1, no. 1 (December 15, 2022): 87–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.36548/rrrj.2023.1.008.
Full textAbstract:
Smart Antenna is an array of antennas which uses the smart signal processing algorithms to track and locate the client device using the direction of arrival of a signal. Smart Wearable Antennas are designed to function while being worn. Wearable antennas are used within the context of Wireless Body Area Networks. The wearable antenna is high in efficiency, miniature in size, and simple in structure, and is implemented with electrical performance and polarization effects, which helps in healthcare, medical and military applications, smart glasses, sensor devices in sports, etc. This research study reviews different wearable antenna technologies such as wearable textile antenna, microstrip antenna and wearable antenna array. Furthermore, the integrated different next generation antennas are also discussed.
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Ghorbani, Mehdi, and Habib Ghorbaninejad. "A Novel Ultrawideband Gear-Shaped Dielectric Ring Resonator Antenna." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021 (July 12, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8069873.
Full textAbstract:
In this study, a novel ultrawideband (UWB) dielectric ring resonator (DRR) antenna has been proposed. DRR antennas include a single monopole antenna in the center of a ground plane and a dielectric with a symmetric structure around the monopole. This structure will lead to ultrawide band antenna. However, it is still possible to enhance the antenna bandwidth. In this study, we combine the DRR structure with an array antenna. The proposed antenna includes a circular array of four triangle resonators, which is rotated around the center of the triangle base to form a gear-shaped ring resonator antenna. In this design, characteristics of all these antennas are combined to enhance the antenna bandwidth including triangular dielectric resonator, circular array antenna, dielectric ring resonator structure, and a quarter-wave electric monopole. Triangular dielectric resonator antennas are wideband and in small size. Ring resonator antennas are inherently ultrawideband. Quarter-wave electric monopole and circular array structure can also enhance antenna bandwidth. This novel shape of the DRR antenna possesses the wider impedance bandwidth compared to similar works. Impedance bandwidth is 150% (5.2–36.1 GHz), and the bandwidth ratio is 1 : 6.9, which is much greater than earlier reports.
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Zhou, Li, and Ming Hou. "Research and Analysis about Array Antennas in Mobile Communications." Advanced Materials Research 760-762 (September 2013): 628–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.760-762.628.
Full textAbstract:
Because the direction of a single antenna is limited, and for strengthening the direct radiant ability of the antenna, we will put the weaker direction antennas together in some way to constitute an antenna array system. The antenna array is also called the array antenna or a disperse antenna array. The antenna cell can be the symmetry center-fed dipole, the aperture antenna, the circle antenna or other forms of the antennas whose direction are limited. In practice, the antenna array is almost constituted of similar antenna cells. I have mainly completed the antenna array direction diagram in conditions of some kinds of parameters. And at last, I get the useful results for practice. This also provides theories basis for the analysis of smart antenna.
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Ali, Jawab, Noorsaliza Abdullah, Roshayati Yahya, Ezri Mohd, Ariffuddin Joret, and Norshidah Katiran. "Bistatic configurational analysis of ultra-wideband antenna for detection applications." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 13, no. 2 (February 1, 2019): 702. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v13.i2.pp702-707.
Full textAbstract:
<span>With the advancement in technology, antennae are becoming a popular components to be used in various applications. Following the trend, a compact design of ultra-wideband (UWB) bistatic configuration of the antenna is presented in this paper using ground penetrating radar (GPR) technology specifically for detection applications. The antenna is first designed and simulated using defected ground structure (DGS) for impedance bandwidth with the obtained gain of around 6.2 dB and return losses from 3-16 GHz. Later the complete detection model is aimed to study and for this purpose CST is used to model human skin and performed an experiment based on antennas i.e. transmitter and receiver, obstacle and target, to study and analyze the received antenna reflections for detection purpose.</span>
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Gunaram and Vijay Sharma. "Microstrip Antenna-inception, Progress and Current-state of The Art Review." Recent Advances in Electrical & Electronic Engineering (Formerly Recent Patents on Electrical & Electronic Engineering) 13, no. 6 (November 4, 2020): 769–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2352096513666200110151616.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Microstrip antenna has gained significant attention for a large number of communication systems due to its adaptable features and compatibility. Objective: The major objective of this manuscript is to assess the microstrip antenna technology for structure adaptability, the feature based performance capabilities, design and versatility. Methods: The major reviews conducted in every decade on antenna technology highlighted the significance of microstrip antenna technology. Moreover, a review of the articles on microstrip antenna published in ‘IEEE Transaction on Antenna and Propagation’ revealed that these antennas can primarily be used instead of other types of antennas. : The available presentation of microstrip antennas includes features, such as small size, flatness (low profiles), wide-ranging impedance bandwidth, high gain, and circular polarization. A chronological assessment of the major endeavors in the microstrip antenna study conducted during the last four decades, is highlighted. Results: This manuscript focuses on the cutting-edge developments in the microstrip antenna technology and facilitates various modern designated extents, which provide the readers an insight into the tractability presented by microstrip antennas and their prospective benefits as compared to different types of other antennas like lens antenna, dish antenna, horn antenna, etc. The recent advancements in manufacturing techniques of microstrip antenna are reviewed. A large number of publications on the applications of microstrip antennas, such as communication, sensing, energy harvesting, biomedical relevance etc. are also included to show their importance at present. Conclusion: This article presents a state of the art evaluation of the research carried out on microstrip antennas from the time of their inception to till date. It consolidates the information for the researchers working in this field and will be helpful in enhancing the efforts for the research.