Journal articles: 'Antenna applications- Microwave'

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Kurdyanto, Rachmat Agus, Nurhayati Nurhayati, Puput Wanarti Rusimamto, and Farid Baskoro. "STUDY COMPARATIVE OF ANTENNA FOR MICROWAVE IMAGING APPLICATIONS." INAJEEE Indonesian Journal of Electrical and Eletronics Engineering 3, no. 2 (August 28, 2020): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.26740/inajeee.v3n2.p41-47.

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AbstractMicrowave can be applied for telecommunicaions, radar and microwave imaging. This wave has been widely used in everyday life, such as in the industrial word in the fields of robotics, microwave vision, imaging burrier objects, vehicular guidance, biomedical imaging, remote sensing, wheater radar, target tracking, and other apllications. Microwave imaging is a technology that uses electromagnetic waves at frequencies from Megahertz to Gigahertz. Utilization of microwave imaging in addition to information technology and telecommunications, this wave application can be used to process an image because of its ability to penetrate dielectric materials. The purpose of writing this article is to determine microwave imaging application, the working principle of antennas used for microwave imaging applications and antenna specifications used for microwave imaging applications. Microwave imaging research has been carried out using several different type of antennas such as vivaldi and monopole antennas. Where the signal tha is transmitted and will be exposed to the object will send a different return signal so that an image of an object will be obtained which will be processed on the computer. The working frequency of the antenna for microwave imaging applications is in a wide frequency range (UWB antenna). The antennas that are applied include the vivaldi antenna which works at a frequency of 1-11 GHz and a monopole antenna that works at a frequency 1,25-2,4 GHz for biomedical imaging applications, while for radar applications in the construction field it can use a frequency of 0,5-40 GHz.

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Kumar, Ravi, Anchal Garg, Heli Shah, and Bhupinder Kaur. "Survey on performance parameters of planar microwave antennas." International Journal of Experimental Research and Review 31, Spl Volume (July 30, 2023): 186–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.52756/10.52756/ijerr.2023.v31spl.017.

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Planar antennas, which include microstrip antennas and printed circuit board antennas, are used in telecommunications. This study aims to provide an overview of microstrip antennas for diverse applications. Microstrip patch antenna design is a new study topic that has been established for usage in 5th-generation communication applications. An antenna is a group of connected devices that serve as a single antenna to broadcast or receive radio waves. Antennas come in a variety of designs and sizes. The paper discusses several printed microstrip antenna designs, such as rectangular to circular, broadband, dual-band, millimeter-wave and microstrip arrays. The microstrip patch is an antenna layout that is lightweight, low-profile, and results-oriented. Microstrip patch antennas may be employed in various 6G communication system applications in the future. This paper examines antenna geometric structures, antenna analysis methodologies, antenna dimensions and many different types of antennas. It will also go over the substrate materials, loss tangent, thickness, return loss, bandwidth, voltage-standing-wave-ratio (VSWR), gain, and directivity so that an optimized antenna can be designed and fabricated having excellent characteristics for use in modern applications by the promising academic researchers in the near future.

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Opaluch, Oliver Roman, Nimba Oshnik, Richard Nelz, and Elke Neu. "Optimized Planar Microwave Antenna for Nitrogen Vacancy Center Based Sensing Applications." Nanomaterials 11, no. 8 (August 19, 2021): 2108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11082108.

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Individual nitrogen vacancy (NV) color centers in diamond are versatile, spin-based quantum sensors. Coherently controlling the spin of NV centers using microwaves in a typical frequency range between 2.5 and 3.5 GHz is necessary for sensing applications. In this work, we present a stripline-based, planar, Ω-shaped microwave antenna that enables one to reliably manipulate NV spins. We found an optimal antenna design using finite integral simulations. We fabricated our antennas on low-cost, transparent glass substrate. We created highly uniform microwave fields in areas of roughly 400 × 400 μm2 while realizing high Rabi frequencies of up to 10 MHz in an ensemble of NV centers.

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Durachman, Yusuf. "Fabrication of Horn Antenna for Microwave Application." International Innovative Research Journal of Engineering and Technology 6, no. 2 (December 30, 2020): EC—17—EC—27. http://dx.doi.org/10.32595/iirjet.org/v6i2.2020.138.

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This paper contains a novel design of a horn antenna control system for microwave applications. Using “Fermat’s principle” the horn antenna is designed and fabricated. For microwave applications, high gain and low voltage standing wave ratio(VSWR) is needed, so for that purpose horn antenna is fabricated. In a previous paper, they designed the Yagi Uda antenna which is used for multiple driven elements by the method called maximum power transmission efficiency. For multiple driven elements, the horn antenna cannot be fabricated. If suppose yagi uda is fabricated using the principle called Fermat's, the system can't achieve more gain and low voltage standing wave ratio. Yagi uda antenna can achieve only a high voltage standing wave ratio. To reduce the problems in the existing paper, our paper designs a horn antenna to achieve high gain and low voltage standing wave ratio( VSWR) which is used for microwave applications to transmit microwaves from a waveguide out into space or collect microwaves into a waveguide for the reception.

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Rafique, Umair, Stefano Pisa, Renato Cicchetti, Orlandino Testa, and Marta Cavagnaro. "Ultra-Wideband Antennas for Biomedical Imaging Applications: A Survey." Sensors 22, no. 9 (April 22, 2022): 3230. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22093230.

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Microwave imaging is an active area of research that has garnered interest over the past few years. The main desired improvements to microwave imaging are related to the performances of radiating systems and identification algorithms. To achieve these improvements, antennas suitable to guarantee demanding requirements are needed. In particular, they must operate in close proximity to the objects under examination, ensure an adequate bandwidth, as well as reduced dimensions and low production costs. In addition, in near-field microwave imaging systems, the antenna should provide an ultra-wideband (UWB) response. Given the relevance of the foreseen applications, many UWB antenna designs for microwave imaging applications have been proposed in the literature. In this paper, a comprehensive review of different UWB antenna designs for near-field microwave imaging is presented. The antennas are classified according to the manufacturing technology and radiative performances. Particular attention is also paid to the radiation mechanisms as well as the techniques used to reduce the size and improve the bandwidth.

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Ramya, M., V. Parthipan, and M. Yogadeepan. "Certain Investigations on Edge Fed Microstrip Patch Array Antenna for WiMAX Applications." Asian Journal of Electrical Sciences 4, no. 1 (May 5, 2015): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.51983/ajes-2015.4.1.1937.

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Recently, a new wireless technology, i.e., Worldwide interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX), has been demonstrated to have its strong potential to provide a very high speed of broadband services. By simultaneously using multiple antennas at transmitter and receiver sites, these systems exploit the spatial dimension of the propagation channel. The development of such antennas includes the design of array antenna, optimizing the array antenna parameters and thereby increasing its performance. This paper mainly focuses on design of single microstrip patch antennae and linear array configurations by optimizing the various antenna parameters such as directivity, gain, Mutual coupling and beamwidth etc., Microstrip array antennae designed and simulated using IE3D for WiMAX application operating at 2.4GHz and the same configurations are also optimized and analyzed. In this analysis, upon comparing the parameters such as gain, directivity, return loss and 3-dB beamwidth quantitatively it is proposed that the linear array promises very narrow beamwidth with optimized gain.

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Haider, Amir, MuhibUr Rahman, Mahdi Naghshvarianjahromi, and Hyung Seok Kim. "Time-Domain Investigation of Switchable Filter Wide-Band Antenna for Microwave Breast Imaging." Sensors 20, no. 15 (August 1, 2020): 4302. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20154302.

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This paper investigates the time-domain performance of a switchable filter impulse radio ultra-wideband (IR-UWB) antenna for microwave breast imaging applications. A miniaturized CPW-fed integrated filter antenna with switchable performance in the range of the Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) and Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) bands could operate well within a 3.0 to 11 GHz frequency range. The time-domain performance of the filter antenna was investigated in comparison to that of the designed reference wideband antenna. By comparing both antennas’ time-domain characteristics, it was seen that the switchable filter antenna had good time-domain resolution along with the frequency-domain operation. Additionally, the time-domain investigation revealed that the switchable filter wide-band antenna performed similarly to the reference wide band antenna. This antenna was also utilized for a tumor detection application, and it was seen that the switchable filter wide-band antenna could detect a miniaturized irregularly shaped tumor easily, which is quite promising. Such an antenna with a good time-domain resolution and tumor detection capability will be a good candidate and will find potential applications in microwave breast imaging.

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Öziş, E., A. V. Osipov, and T. F. Eibert. "Metamaterials for Microwave Radomes and the Concept of a Metaradome: Review of the Literature." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2017 (2017): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/1356108.

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A radome is an integral part of almost every antenna system, protecting antennas and antenna electronics from hostile exterior conditions (humidity, heat, cold, etc.) and nearby personnel from rotating mechanical parts of antennas and streamlining antennas to reduce aerodynamic drag and to conceal antennas from public view. Metamaterials are artificial materials with a great potential for antenna design, and many studies explore applications of metamaterials to antennas but just a few to the design of radomes. This paper discusses the possibilities that metamaterials open up in the design of microwave radomes and introduces the concept of metaradomes. The use of metamaterials can improve or correct characteristics (gain, directivity, and bandwidth) of the enclosed antenna and add new features, like band-pass frequency behavior, polarization transformations, the ability to be switched on/off, and so forth. Examples of applications of metamaterials in the design of microwave radomes available in the literature as well as potential applications, advantages, drawbacks, and still open problems are described.

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Qu, Ming Zhe. "Research on the Applications and Measurements of the Microwave Technology." Applied Mechanics and Materials 556-562 (May 2014): 3176–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.556-562.3176.

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Microwave technology is extensively used for point-to-point telecommunications. Microwaves are especially suitable for this use since they are more easily focused into narrower beams than radio waves, allowing frequency reuse; their comparatively higher frequencies allow broad bandwidth and high data transmission rates, and antenna sizes are smaller than at lower frequencies because antenna size is inversely proportional to transmitted frequency. Microwaves are used in spacecraft communication, and much of the world’s data, TV, and telephone communications are transmitted long distances by microwaves between ground stations and communications satellites. Microwaves are also employed in microwave ovens and in radar technology. The prefix “micro-” in “microwave” indicates that microwaves are “small” compared to waves used in typical radio broadcasting, in that they have shorter wavelengths. The boundaries between far infrared light, terahertz radiation, microwaves, and ultra-high-frequency radio waves are fairly arbitrary and are used variously between different fields of study.

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Gu, Chunwang, Hao Liu, and Min Yi. "Lightweight Fan-Beam Microstrip Grid Antenna for Airborne Microwave Interferometric Radiometer Applications." Micromachines 14, no. 1 (January 15, 2023): 228. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14010228.

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The microwave interferometric radiometer (MIR) uses aperture synthesis technology to equate multiple small-aperture antennas into a large-aperture antenna to improve spatial resolution. At present, MIR antennas that operate at frequencies above the C-band mostly use horn antennas, waveguide slot antennas, etc., which have the disadvantages of a high profile and large mass. In this paper, a new type of miniaturized, low-profile, and lightweight K-band fan-beam microstrip grid antenna is designed for the airborne campaign of the K-band one-dimensional MIR of a Microwave Imager Combined Active and Passive (MICAP) onboard a Chinese Ocean Salinity Mission (COSM). With a limited size constraint (12.33 mm) on the antenna width, a fan-beam shape antenna pattern was achieved with a 5.34° 3-dB beamwidth in the narrow beam direction and up to a 55° 3-dB beamwidth in the fan-beam direction. A periodic structural unit is proposed in this paper to reduce the design complexity of Taylor weighting, achieving desirable performances on gain (19.1 dB) and sidelobe level (<−20 dB) in the H-plane. Four antenna elements were fabricated and arranged in a non-redundant sparse array. The performance of the four-element sparse array was evaluated with a simulation and real measurement in an anechoic chamber. The coupling between antenna elements was less than −25 dB, and the consistency of phase patterns was better than 3.4°. These results verify the feasibility of the proposed K-band microstrip grid antenna for airborne MIR applications.

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Majeed, Farhat, and David V. Thiel. "An Optimized Circuit in Plastic Meander Line Antenna for 2.45 GHz Applications." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2016 (2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7398567.

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Researchers seek to design electrically small planar antennas for RFID applications. Using multiparameter optimization, various meander line antennas were designed for the lowest resonant frequency and maximum radiation efficiencies for a fixed grid size. One such design for highest radiation efficiency was optimized for microwave frequencies by including an impedance matching structure. The antenna was printed with silver ink on a plexiglass substrate using the circuit in plastic (CiP) technique of embedded electrical components. The measured scattering parameter (S11) was −18.43 dB at resonance. The radiation efficiency of the antenna measured using simple and improved Wheeler cap method was 74.4/74.1%. The radiation pattern of electrically small CiP antenna was doughnut-shaped with main lobe magnitude of 0.453 dB and an angular width of 84.2° in elevation plane. The measured 10 dB fractional bandwidth of the antenna was 18.98%. The results are compared with silver/copper in air antennas optimized for achieving the highest radiation efficiency for a fixed grid size. Plastic antennas are viable at microwave frequencies.

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Pavithra, R., S. Thilagavathi, T. Sathiyapriya, and R. Sudhakar. "Design of Compact 2 × 2 Mimo Antenna for 5G Wireless Application." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2466, no. 1 (March 1, 2023): 012011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2466/1/012011.

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Abstract In this paper, a compact 2 X 2 MIMO antenna is proposed for 5G wireless applications. The proposed 2 X 2 MIMO antenna is designed using four compact circular monopole antennas which are optimized to operate from 3.6 to 57.7 GHz. The antenna structure consists of four orthogonal antenna elements of size 21 mm × 29 mm, which are spaced 1mm apart from each other. The antenna and the defective ground plane are placed on the same side of the substrate. It is demonstrated that MIMO system with 4- antennas produce very good isolation (>-20 dB) without using any additional isolating or decoupling techniques and antenna efficiency is also high. The antenna is simulated using CST Microwave Studio. The simulation results of the proposed MIMO antenna gives good radiation efficiency, Envelope Correlation Coefficient (ECC), improved bandwidth of 54.1 GHz, and optimum radiation characteristics. The proposed compact 2 X 2 MIMO antenna is suitable to operate under 5G wireless applications from 3.6 to 57.7 GHz. The applications of the proposed antenna also include broadcasting satellites, Modern radars, a 5GHz Wi-Fi channel, TV broadcasting satellites and microwave devices

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Lakrit, Soufian, Hassan Ammor, Soufiane Matah, Jaouad Terhzaz, and Abdelouahd Tribak. "Study and Design of Single and Double Layer Square Patch Antennas for UWB Applications." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 28, no. 14 (February 18, 2019): 1950233. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126619502335.

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This paper presents the design of Single and Double Layer microstrip patch antennas for ultra-wideband applications. This structure consists of a square patch with a partial ground plane, fed by a 50[Formula: see text][Formula: see text] microstrip line. This antenna is designed for a system to detect malignant tumors by microwave imaging. Prototypes of the two antennas are fabricated and tested with a network analyzer. The proposed antenna can achieve an ultra-wide bandwidth with VSWR[Formula: see text]2 from 3.82[Formula: see text]GHz to 11.72[Formula: see text]GHz for single layer antenna and from 3.2[Formula: see text]GHz to 10.95[Formula: see text]GHz for double layer antenna, with stable and bi-directional radiation pattern. The gain is good and has a peak value of 6.5[Formula: see text]dBi. The simulation of this antenna has been performed using Ansoft High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) and Computer Simulation Technology-Microwave Studio (CST).

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Ahmed, Kawan F., and Rawaz H. Abdullah. "Design and Simulation of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Wireless Applications." Kurdistan Journal of Applied Research 2, no. 3 (August 27, 2017): 365–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.24017/science.2017.3.27.

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In this paper two rectangular microstrip patch antennas are designed to operate in and bands, using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Microwave Studio. The designed antenna can be used for industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) band applications. The RO4350B hydrocarbon ceramic laminates from ROGRES corporation substrate is chosen in the design of the dielectric substrate of the antennas. The designed antenna has low profile, low cost, easy fabrication and good isolation. The parameters such as return loss, voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), antenna gain, radiation pattern has been simulated and analyzed.

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Viet. "A DESIGN SOLUTION FOR COMPACT SLOTTED WAVEGUIDE ARRAY ANTENNAS BASED ON SIW TECHNOLOGY." Journal of Military Science and Technology, no. 72A (May 10, 2021): 22–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.54939/1859-1043.j.mst.72a.2021.22-29.

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Slotted waveguide array antenna is a crucial structure in microwave frequency antennas with many applications in radar and communications systems. Previously, slotted waveguide array antenna systems mainly used metal materials. The study of slotted array antenna based on the waveguided with SIW (Substrate Integrated Waveguide) technology is a novel approach. The paper presents the results of researching, designing, and manufacturing waveguide slot array antenna with low SLL using SIW technology in X-band. The results will be an essential basis for selecting a design solution for slotted waveguide array antenna by SIW technology to replace traditional metal slot array antennas in practical applications in X band radar antenna systems.

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Tiwari, Rovin, Raghavendra Sharma, and Rahul Dubey. "Microstrip Patch Antenna Array Design Anaylsis for 5G Communication Applications." SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJOSCIENCE 6, no. 5 (May 22, 2020): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.24113/ijoscience.v6i5.287.

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A research on Antenna design and simulation is a emerging area among researchers. Antenna is a basic element for wireless communication. There are various shaps and types of antenna, which uses in different allpication. Now a days Microstrip patch anteena is very useful in advance electronics devices applications. This paper focused on study based various types of microstrip antenna. Return loss, VSWR, bandwidth, resonant frequency and gain is key parameters to judge antenna performance. Good value of return loss is less than -10dB. Considerable range of VSWR is 1-2. CST microwave studio is a advance software to design and simulation of all types of antenna, filter etc.

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Singh, Vivek, Brijesh Mishra, and Rajeev Singh. "Anchor shape gap coupled patch antenna for WiMAX and WLAN applications." COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering 38, no. 1 (January 7, 2019): 263–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/compel-12-2017-0546.

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Purpose Purpose of this study is to design a compact gap coupled anchor shape patch antenna for wireless local area network/high performance radio local area network and worldwide interoperability for microwave access applications. Design/methodology/approach An anchor shape microstrip antenna is conceived, designed, simulated and measured. The anchor shape antenna is transformed to its rectangular equivalent by conserving the patch area. Modeling and simulation of the antenna is performed by Ansys high frequency structure simulator (HFSS) electromagnetic solver based on the concept of finite element method. The simulated results are experimentally verified by using Agilent E5071C vector network analyzer. Theoretical analysis of an electromagnetically gap coupled anchor shape microstrip patch antenna has been performed by obtaining the lumped element equivalent of the transformed antenna. Findings The proposed antenna has a compact conducting patch of dimension 0.26λ × 0.12λ mm2 (λ is calculated at lower resonating frequency of 3.56 GHz) with impedance bandwidths of 100 and 140 MHz and antenna gains of 1.91 and 3.04 dB at lower resonating frequency of 3.56 GHz and upper resonating frequency of 5.4 GHz, with omni-directional radiation pattern. Originality/value In literature, one does not encounter anchor shape antenna using the concept of gap coupling and parasitic patches. The design has been optimized for wireless local area network/worldwide interoperability for microwave access applications with a relatively low patch area (291.12 mm2) as compared to other reported antennas for wireless local area network/worldwide interoperability for microwave access applications. Transformed antenna and the actual experimental antenna behavior varies, but the resonant frequencies of the transformed antenna as observed by theoretical analysis and simulated results (by high frequency structure simulator) are reasonably close, and the percentage difference between the resonant frequencies (both at lower and upper bands) is within the permissible limit of 1-2.5 per cent. Results confirm the theoretical proposition of transformation of shapes in antenna design, which allows a designer to adapt the design shape according to the application.

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Choudhary, Vipin, Manoj Kumar Meshram, and Jan Hesselbarth. "Four Elements Reconfigurable MIMO Antenna for Dual Band Applications." International Journal of Advances in Microwave Technology 07, no. 01 (2022): 274–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.32452/ijamt.2022.274282.

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Four-element reconfigurable multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antennas for dual band applications are proposed. The frequency reconfigurability of the proposed antennas is achieved by incorporation of three PIN diodes within the single element. The antenna covers multiple switchable operating bands for Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (Wi-MAX)/Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) applications (3.4-3.6GHz, 3.8-3.86GHz, 5.18-5.27GHz, 5.35-5.5GHz and 5.67-5.8GHz). The proposed MIMO antenna consists of 2x2 elements on a single FR4 substrate.The combinations of MIMO and reconfigurable antenna provide improved performance in terms of envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) and channel capacity loss (CCL) in multiple-frequency bands. The MIMO antenna system performance including the isolation, ECC, CCL, and the diversity gain (DG) are simulated and measured. High isolation (≥ 25dB) is achieved between reconfigurable MIMO antenna ports without any internal and external decoupling network. The proposed antenna has sufficient performance that makes it suitable for indoor access points (IAPs).

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Bag, Biplab, Priyabrata Biswas, Sushanta Biswas, Partha Pratim Sarkar, and Dibyendu Ghoshal. "Novel Monopole Microstrip Antennas for GPS, WiMAX and WLAN Applications." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 29, no. 03 (May 29, 2019): 2050050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126620500504.

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In this paper, two novel low-profile monopole antennas are presented for simultaneous operation in GPS (Global Positioning System), WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) and WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) applications. The antennas constitute of a T-shaped microstrip feed line and directly coupled strips to generate multiple bands. The proposed antennas are printed on one side of a low-cost FR4 epoxy substrate and partial ground plane (metal plane is etched partially) are fabricated on the other side of the substrate. The overall dimension of antenna is [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]mm3. Measured results show that the antenna1 (quad band) covers the four distinct operating bands of 320[Formula: see text]MHz (2.17–2.49[Formula: see text]GHz), 190[Formula: see text]MHz (3.31–3.50[Formula: see text]GHz), 270[Formula: see text]MHz (5.18–5.45[Formula: see text]GHz) and 700[Formula: see text]MHz (5.5–6.20[Formula: see text]GHz). Antenna2 (penta band) covers the frequency bands of 1.29–1.98[Formula: see text]GHz (center frequency 1.61[Formula: see text]GHz), 2.78–2.91[Formula: see text]GHz (center frequency 2.83[Formula: see text]GHz), 3.59–3.94[Formula: see text]GHz (center frequency 3.75[Formula: see text]GHz), 5.15–5.33[Formula: see text]GHz (center frequency 5.24[Formula: see text]GHz) and 5.39–6.06[Formula: see text]GHz (center frequency 5.56[Formula: see text]GHz). The detail antenna design and parametric analyses are discussed in steps. The characteristic of radiation pattern and gain are measured. The measured and simulated results are in good agreement. The antennas are designed using a simulation software HFSS v.15.

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Witriani, Findi Nur, Yahya Syukri Amrullah, Fajri Darwis, Taufiqqurrachman Taufiqqurrachman, Yusuf Nur Wijayanto, Ken Paramayudha, and Elisma Elisma. "Gain Enhancement of Double-Slot Vivaldi Antenna using Corrugated Edges and Semicircle Director for Microwave Imaging Application." Jurnal Elektronika dan Telekomunikasi 21, no. 2 (December 31, 2021): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/jet.v21.85-90.

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Microwave imaging, such as images for radiological inspection in the medical profession, is one of the applications utilized in ultra-wideband (UWB) frequency ranges. The Vivaldi antenna is one of the most popular antennas for this purpose. The antenna is utilized because of its simple, lightweight, and compact design, as well as its excellent efficiency and gain capabilities. In this work, we present a high-gain Vivaldi antenna for microwave imaging applications. The proposed Vivaldi antenna is designed using a double-slot structure method with the addition of corrugated edges and a semicircle director aimed at improving the gain. The antenna is designed to operate at frequencies ranging from 3.1 to 10.6 GHz. Based on the modeling findings, the suggested antenna attain a bandwidth of 7.5 GHz with operating frequencies from 3.1 GHz to 10.6 GHz for a VSWR of less than two. In comparison to a typical single slot antenna, the suggested antenna provides a substantial boost in gain performance. The increase in gain is proportional to the frequency of operation. The constructed antenna has a lower bandwidth than the simulated one, with operating frequencies of 3.5 GHz – 3.75 GHz and 4.25 – 10.89 GHz, respectively, and useable bandwidths of 250 MHz and 6.64 GHz. All these results suggest that the antenna is suitable for microwave imaging applications.

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Mrityunjay, Kumar, Chandan, Tiwar Parimal, and Singh Umesh. "Tri-band microstrip patch antenna designed for WLAN applications." i-manager's Journal on Communication Engineering and Systems 11, no. 2 (2022): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.26634/jcs.11.2.18972.

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Wireless applications require compact antennas capable of operating over a wide range of frequencies with minimal power. Microstrip patch antennas are generally preferred for transceivers that operating at microwave frequencies due to their low profile and easy installation. The performance of antennas has been evaluated using the metrics collected from of return loss, Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) and radiation pattern. The overall size of the antenna has dimensions of 34 mm × 28 mm × 1.6 mm, fabricated on FR4 substrate having relative permittivity of 4.4. The proposed antenna achieves maximum return loss of -21.30 dB at 2.9 GHz, -23.51 dB at 5.3 GHz and -19.17 dB at 10 GHz.

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Moradikordalivand, Alishir, Chee Yen Leow, Tharek Abd Rahman, Sepideh Ebrahimi, and Tien Han Chua. "Wideband MIMO antenna system with dual polarization for WiFi and LTE applications." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 8, no. 3 (March 4, 2015): 643–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s175907871500032x.

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In this paper a wideband multi-input multi-output (MIMO) antenna system for WiFi-LTE wireless access point (WAP) application is proposed. The MIMO antenna system consists of two common element microstrip-fed monopole antennas with dual polarization. Physically closed integration of MIMO antenna elements requires a special technique to increase the isolation between the antennas. A novel structure of parasitic element is introduced to improve the isolation between the antennas. The proposed MIMO antenna system is simulated and optimized using CST Microwave Studio. The designed antenna system is fabricated and measured to verify the simulation results. Reflection coefficient of less than −10 dB and isolation more than 15 dB are achieved in the operating frequency range of 2.3–2.9 GHz which covers WiFi 2.4 GHz and LTE 2.6 GHz bands. The proposed system also provides dual polarization with 10 dB polarization diversity gain and envelope correlation coefficient less than 0.15. Each individual antenna has a gain of 5.1 dB and 68% efficiency.

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Bhavani, S., and T. Shanmuganantham. "Wideband Fabric Antenna for Ultra Wideband Applications using for Medical Applications." Defence Science Journal 72, no. 6 (December 6, 2022): 864–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.72.17919.

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Traditional cancer detection imaging techniques suffer high costs, high false negatives, high false positives,and pain. The microwave imaging techniques overcome the limitations, which depend primarily on antenna design. If an antenna is wearable and implantable, the imaging system gives better results with less pain and cost. A wide band fabric antenna that operates at the ultra-wideband frequency with a low specific absorption rate (SAR) on breast phantom is verified. The proposed design has Jeans material as a substrate and the copper patch as a radiating element. The patch is designed in a circular shape with an M-type slot to suppress the spurious modes. The designed antenna model is commonly used for monitoring microwave imaging and has dimensions of 28X30X1.6 mm3. The proposed antenna design covers 2.3-8 GHz frequency with a broadside radiation pattern. The gain over the operating frequency is about 2.3-4.5 dB, and the efficiency is 55 %–79 %. The antenna model was designed and simulated in CST microwave studio. The performance of an antenna is tested on breast cancer to detect the presence of tumor cells in the breast. The antenna analysis on the phantom was done by considering the tumor location and corresponding results are presented. By varying the sizes of the tumor the antenna performance is analysed. The simulated SAR values of the proposed antenna design on breast phantom are under the limits of FCC.

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El Swiefy, Bassant, Mohamed Ahmed, Hala El Sadek, and Wagdy Anis. "Novel RFID Conformal Tag Antennas for Liquid Level Detection Applications." Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society 35, no. 10 (December 8, 2020): 1255–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.47037/2020.aces.j.351020.

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Detection of liquid level in large tanks is presented in this paper. The liquid level is detected using a transmitter and RFID tag antennas as a receiver. The transmitter antenna is a Vivaldi with wide bandwidth from 0.5 GHz to 3 GHz. The Vivaldi antenna is fabricated on FR4 with 𝜀𝑟 = 4.3 and thickness of 0.8 mm. Two conformal RFID tag antennas are used as receiver antennas. The conformal antenna is placed on Rogers Ultram 3850 flexible substrates with 𝜀𝑟 = 2.9 and a thickness of 0.1016 mm. The conformal antenna is designed to set on a cylindrical tank made from PVC material. The first tag works at 0.9 GHz and the second tag works at 2.45 GHz. Water and Oil are used as liquids for testing. The antennas are simulated using CST microwave studio simulator Ver.14. The system is also fabricated and measured. Good agreement is achieved between simulated and measured results.

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Venu Madhav, P., and Dr M SivaGanga Prasad. "Topology Optimization of Dual Octagonal Array antenna for low frequency applications." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.17 (April 15, 2018): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.17.11552.

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Objectives: Efficient antenna design for use in communication systems is altering the face of the antenna modeling. The ever-increasing demand for portable and efficient antennas is making researchers to develop innovative models [1] using advanced antenna modeling tools that comply with industrial needs and standards. Methods/Statistical Analysis: Antennas with lower operating frequencies have the major constraints on its size, efficiency and gain. Study on matching techniques, feeding techniques was also to be considered.Findings: Micro strip patch antennas offers considerable amount of radiation, low cost when fabricated on FR4, light weight and are conformable to suite any application. This paper projects the design, simulation and testing of a dual octagonal patch, the topology algorithm [3] is used to optimize the size and shape of the patch where octagons are spaced in the form of an array to address optimization on size and fits into wireless applications. Application/Improvements: The proposed model is tested in the standard antenna test bench comprising of microwave integrated circuit analyzer receiver MIC10kit and found to operate at a resonant frequency of 1.8 GHz with good radiation characteristics.

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26

Vedenkin, Denis. "Technical applications of focused antenna arrays." ITM Web of Conferences 30 (2019): 05005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/itmconf/20193005005.

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We analysed possibility of using focused antenna arrays at some technical applications. For example, conveyor method of material processing, wood processing for disinfection. Using principles of focusing antenna arrays can increase efficiency of modern microwave technological equipment against classical microwave processing devices.

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Das, Pratibha, and Usha Kiran Kommuri. "MINIATURIZED MULTIBAND MIMO ANTENNAS FOR WIRELESS APPLICATION." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 10, no. 13 (April 1, 2017): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10s1.19640.

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The objective of this paper is to design a miniaturized and multiband multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna using slotting technique whichcan be used for many devices such as cell phones and microwave radio relay. The MIMO antenna module consists of four microstrip antennas whichare arranged in two MIMO antenna pairs. Reduction in size, multi-broadband, moderation in gain, and good efficiency are obtained. The main aimis to reduce mutual coupling while optimizing the antenna size. The present work would be aimed at designing an antenna which is used mainly forwireless applications [1].

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Kumar, P., and J. L. Masa-Campos. "Dual Polarized Monopole Patch Antennas for UWB Applications with Elimination of WLAN Signals." Advanced Electromagnetics 5, no. 1 (May 1, 2016): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.7716/aem.v5i1.305.

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This paper presents the design, fabrication and measurement of dual polarized microstrip patch antennas for ultra wideband (UWB) applications with notch at 5-6 GHz band. The proposed antenna rejects the wireless local area network (WLAN) signals and work properly in the entire remaining ultra-wideband. Two antennas are designed for two different frequency bands of ultra wideband and both antennas together produce the entire ultra wideband with notch at 5-6 GHz band. The antennas are fed by a 50 coaxial probe and the entire design is optimized using CST Microwave Studio. The bandwidth of 3.1-5 GHz is achieved by the optimized design of Antenna-1 and the bandwidth of 6 -10.6 GHz is achieved by the optimized design of Antenna-2. The bandwidth of the optimized combined antenna is 3.1-10.6 GHz with elimination of the 5-6 GHz band. Both antennas are simulated, developed and measured. The simulated and measured results are presented. The two designed dual polarized antennas i.e. Antenna-1 and Antenna-2 can be used for 3.1-5 GHz band and 6-10.6 GHz band dual polarized applications, respectively, and the combined antenna structure can be used for UWB dual polarized applications with elimination of 5-6 GHz band signals.

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Kaur, Amandeep, and Amandeep Kaur. "Microstrip patch antenna performance analysis with Defected Ground structures: A review." International Journal of Intelligent Communication, Computing and Networks 1, no. 1 (August 25, 2020): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.51735/ijiccn/001/08.

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Over last few decades, wireless communication system has sought more attention and plays predominant role in different areas for human personal and commercial applications. Day by day, with advancements in technology, wireless gadgets got more compact due to microelectronics fabrication and integration techniques. So, such applications put great demand over new design specifications on antenna structures used in transmitter and receiver for radio wave communication. In wireless applications depending upon, frequency bands and bandwidth requirements numerous compact antenna structures are used with improved efficiency. Microstrip patch antennas are highly regarded due to its compact size, easy integration with microwave circuits. In study of patch antenna, Defected Ground structures gain popularity these days due to its various benefits to enhance antenna performance. This research article, provides extensive literature survey over use of Defected Ground Structures (DGS) in microstrip patch antenna with its design consequences. This article also explores the enhancement in antenna parameters with implementation of DGS’s. DGS concept is used in microstrip patch antenna and microwave engineering for performance improvement of these devices. DGS can be merged with other techniques to enhance antenna operational parameters like gain, bandwidth, VSWR and spurious radiations.

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Arsenov, P. V., A. S. Sobolev, A. A. Efimov, and V. V. Ivanov. "Double slot aerosol jet printed antenna for X-band applications." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2086, no. 1 (December 1, 2021): 012047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2086/1/012047.

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Abstract A double slot antenna for X-band applications was designed and aerosol jet printing technology was used to fabricate the prototype with silver nano-ink on a flexible polyimide substrate. We investigated the microwave losses of printed antennas in the range from 100 kHz to 27 GHz, obtained at sintering temperatures of 200 °C and 250 °C. Double slot X-band antennas have been calculated and measured. It was found that an operating bandwidth of the printed antenna is 10% in the region of the central frequency of 10.5 GHz. Thus, the possibility of forming antennas on flexible polymer substrates with high functional characteristics by aerosol jet printing method has been demonstrated.

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31

Elajoumi, S., A. Tajmouati, A. Errkik, Am Sanchez, and M. Latrach. "Microstrip Rectangular Monopole Antennas with Defected Ground for UWB Applications." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 7, no. 4 (August 1, 2017): 2027. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v7i4.pp2027-2035.

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This paper presents the design of new compact antennas for ultra wide band applications. Each antenna consists of a rectangular patch fed by 50Ω microstrip transmission line and the ground element is a defected ground structure (DGS). The aim of this study is to improve the bandwidth of these antennas by using DGS and the modification geometry of rectangular structure, which gives new compact antennas for UWB applications. The input impedance bandwidth of the antennas with S11<-10dB is more than 10GHz, from 3GHz to more than 14 GHz. The proposed antennas are investigated and optimized by using CST microwave studio, they are validated by using another electromagnetic solver Ansoft HFSS. The measured parameters present good agreement with simulation. The final antenna structures offer excellent performances for UWB system.

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32

Saenz, E., K. Guven, E. Ozbay, I. Ederra, and R. Gonzalo. "Decoupling of Multifrequency Dipole Antenna Arrays for Microwave Imaging Applications." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2010 (2010): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/843624.

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The mutual coupling between elements of a multifrequency dipole antenna array is experimentally investigated byS-parameter measurements and planar near-field scanning of the radiated field. A multifrequency array with six dipoles is analyzed. In order to reduce the coupling between dipoles, a planar metasurface is placed atop the array acting as superstrate. The mutual coupling of the antenna elements in the absence and presence of the superstrate is presented comparatively. Between 3 and 20 dB mutual coupling reduction is achieved when the superstrate is used. By scanning the field radiated by the antennas and far-field measurements of the radiation pattern, it is observed that the superstrate confines the radiated power, increases the boresight radiation, and reduces the endfire radiation.

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33

Islam, Mohammad Tariqul, Md Samsuzzaman, Md Tarikul Islam, Salehin Kibria, and Mandeep Jit Singh. "A Homogeneous Breast Phantom Measurement System with an Improved Modified Microwave Imaging Antenna Sensor." Sensors 18, no. 9 (September 5, 2018): 2962. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18092962.

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Microwave breast imaging has been reported as having the most potential to become an alternative or additional tool to the existing X-ray mammography technique for detecting breast tumors. Microwave antenna sensor performance plays a significant role in microwave imaging system applications because the image quality is mostly affected by the microwave antenna sensor array properties like the number of antenna sensors in the array and the size of the antenna sensors. In this paper, a new system for successful early detection of a breast tumor using a balanced slotted antipodal Vivaldi Antenna (BSAVA) sensor is presented. The designed antenna sensor has an overall dimension of 0.401λ × 0.401λ × 0.016λ at the first resonant frequency and operates between 3.01 to 11 GHz under 10 dB. The radiating fins are modified by etching three slots on both fins which increases the operating bandwidth, directionality of radiation pattern, gain and efficiency. The antenna sensor performance of both the frequency domain and time domain scenarios and high-fidelity factor with NFD is also investigated. The antenna sensor can send and receive short electromagnetic pulses in the near field with low loss, little distortion and highly directionality. A realistic homogenous breast phantom is fabricated, and a breast phantom measurement system is developed where a two antennas sensor is placed on the breast model rotated by a mechanical scanner. The tumor response was investigated by analyzing the backscattering signals and successful image construction proves that the proposed microwave antenna sensor can be a suitable candidate for a high-resolution microwave breast imaging system.

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34

Tai, Tzu-Chun, Hung-Wei Wu, Cheng-Yuan Hung, and Yeong-Her Wang. "Food Security Sensing System Using a Waveguide Antenna Microwave Imaging through an Example of an Egg." Sensors 20, no. 3 (January 27, 2020): 699. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20030699.

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In this paper, we present a form of food security sensing using a waveguide antenna microwave imaging system through an example of an egg. A waveguide antenna system with a frequency range of 7–13 GHz and a maximum gain of 17.37 dBi was proposed. The maximum scanning area of the waveguide antenna microwave imaging sensing system is 30 × 30 cm2. In order to study the resolution and sensitivity of the waveguide antenna microwave imaging sensing system, the circular and triangular high-k materials (with the same thickness but with different dielectric constants of the materials) were used as the testing sample for observing the microwave images. By using the proposed waveguide antenna microwave imaging sensing system, the high-k materials with different dielectric constants and shapes could be easily sensed. Therefore, the waveguide antenna microwave imaging sensing system could be potentially used for applications in rapid, non-destructive food security sensing. Regarding the example of an egg, the proposed waveguide antenna microwave imaging sensing system could effectively identify the health status of many eggs very quickly. The proposed waveguide antenna microwave imaging sensing system provides a simple, non-destructive, effective, and rapid method for food security applications.

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35

Maune, Holger, Matthias Jost, Roland Reese, Ersin Polat, Matthias Nickel, and Rolf Jakoby. "Microwave Liquid Crystal Technology." Crystals 8, no. 9 (September 5, 2018): 355. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst8090355.

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Tunable Liquid Crystal (LC)-based microwave components are of increasing interest in academia and industry. Based on these components, numerous applications can be targeted such as tunable microwave filters and beam-steering antenna systems. With the commercialization of first LC-steered antennas for Ku-band e.g., by Kymeta and Alcan Systems, LC-based microwave components left early research stages behind. With the introduction of terrestrial 5G communications systems, moving to millimeter-wave communication, these systems can benefit from the unique properties of LC in terms of material quality. In this paper, we show recent developments in millimeter wave phase shifters for antenna arrays. The limits of classical high-performance metallic rectangular waveguides are clearly identified. A new implementation with dielectric waveguides is presented and compared to classic approaches.

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36

Ahalya, C., Avuku Jyothi, H. Supriya, and D. Heena Kousar. "Designed A Broadcast Patch Antenna." Journal of Telecommunication Study 7, no. 2 (July 29, 2022): 6–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.46610/jts.2022.v07i02.002.

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Today, one of the key topics of study in the field of communication systems is wireless technology, and no studies of communication systems is complete without a grasp of how antennas work and are made. Numerous scholars have investigated antennas for various wireless communication systems. The conceived, created, and tested omnidirectional microstrip patch antenna (MPA) is the subject of this study. The antenna's operational bandwidth is a good fit for a variety of applications. Microstrip patch antennas are the ideal option for communication systems engineers due to its effectiveness and advantages, which include low cost, low profile, and low weight. Due to the fact that they may combine with microwave circuits, they are ideal for applications like cell devices, many others, including WLAN applications and navigational systems. In this project, a small rectangular patch antenna is created. The research of a two- or four-element array antenna has been the focus of the work's last section. The optimization of a 1.9GHz rectangular probe fed patch antenna in the design and simulation of patch antennas. According to experimental findings, the voltage standing wave ratio, insertion loss and capacity.

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37

Gupta, Lavesh, and Arun Dev Dhar Dwivedi. "Suppression of Mutual Coupling Between Two Microstrip Patch Antennas using a Sophisticated Non-Linear DGS Structure for High Frequency Wave Applications." Law, State and Telecommunications Review 10, no. 1 (May 14, 2018): 161–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.26512/lstr.v10i1.21505.

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Purpose – If the two or more than two antennas are present in the antenna array, the mutual coupling between them becomes a critical issue to deal with. At microwave frequency, microstrip design is often used as a transmission line because of its good performance in transferring the energy and microwave signals. Most commonly used microstrip antenna has similar structure as that of the microstrip line. On one side of dielectric substrate layer, is an extremely thin layer of conductor that forms the radiating elements and on bottom side is the ground plane made up of metallic material. Our main motive is to maintain mutual coupling suppressing structure to its simplest form. Methodology/approach/design – We therefore use a Defected Ground Structure (DGS), which greatly decreases the mutual coupling between the two antennas, thus enhancing the performance of the antenna array. Findings – The introduction of the DGS does not affect the characteristics of antenna array system. The Simulation is done using CST (Computer Simulation Technology) software and the results are tested using Vector Network Analyzer. Both the simulated and measured results are in good agreement. The coupling has been reduced from -22 to -37 dB. The recent boom in wireless industry has led to the demand for the multiband antennas.

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Zhang, Yong Zhen, Yi Wang, Xue Zhi Zhang, and Fei Hou. "Microwave Measuring Instrument Application in the Radar Equipment Maintenance Support." Applied Mechanics and Materials 687-691 (November 2014): 910–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.687-691.910.

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With the development of science and technology ,microwave measuring instrument become more important in the radar equipment maintenance support task.This paper expounds the principles of microwave measuring instrument work and test, describes the application of microwave measuring instrument in the maintenance detection of radar antenna feed system、radar antenna pattern test、power amplifier parameters measurement、the local oscillator test and receiving systems component test. Scientific applications of microwave measuring instrument is the important guarantee to ensure the radar equipment operate effectively.

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39

Islam, Md Shaharul, Md Firoz Ahmed, Md Hasnat Kabir, Md Ashraful Islam, and Md Matiqul Islam. "A Patch Antenna design with Boosted Bandwidth for ISM band Applications." International Journal on AdHoc Networking Systems 13, no. 01 (January 30, 2023): 01–09. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/ijans.2023.13101.

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In recent times, the utilization of microstrip patch antennas (MPAs) has increased due to their simple production, simple analysis, low cost, lightweight, easy feeding, and superior radiation characteristics. Limited bandwidth is a key disadvantage of MPAs. In this paper, a rectangular patch antenna with partial ground plane (PGP) strategy for ISM applications is proposed to overcome this deficiency and its performance is compared with that of a traditional patch antenna. A low-cost FR-4 substrate with a dielectric constant of 4.3 and a thickness of 1.6 mm is used to make both antennas designed. The antennas are analyzed and simulated at the operating frequency of 2.45 GHz using CST software. The simulation results show that the proposed antenna has a 0.1465 GHz i.e. 146.5 MHz bandwidth, which is more than 1.77 times larger than a conventional antenna (bandwidth = 0.0827 GHz i.e. 82.7MHz). The suggested antenna is suitable for a wide range of wireless communication standards, such as Bluetooth (2.4 to 2.485 GHz), WiMAX (2.3 to 2.4 GHz), Microwave ovens (2.4 to 2.48 GHz), RFID (2.4 to 2.5 GHz), S-Band (2.3 to 2.4 GHz), Wireless Communication Services (WCS) 2.345 GHz to 2.360 GHz, and 4G LTE (2.3 to 2.315 GHz).

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40

Nasiri, Badr, and Jamal Zbitou. "A new design of stepped antenna loaded metamaterial for RFID applications." Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 10, no. 5 (October 1, 2021): 2661–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/eei.v10i5.2675.

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Radio frequency identification is being overloaded with data information, making wideband band antennas very appealing. In this paper, we present a new design of dual band antenna for RFID reader applications operating at 2.45Gz and 5.8GHz with an average gain of 1.16dB at the lower frequency band and 3.2dB at the higher frequency band. The antenna is designed on an FR-4 substrate having a relative dielectric constant of 4.4 and loss tangent of 0.025. The proposed antenna is simulated, designed and, optimized using CST Microwave Studio and has a small size of 32 mm x 26 mm x 1.6 mm. The antenna consists of a steeped rectangular patch antenna using a partial ground plane loaded a modified split ring resonator. The metamaterial structure was designed and optimized to operate at 2.45GHz and its effective parameters was verified using the Nicolson-Ross Weir method. The performance of the proposed antenna is confirmed by another 3D electromagnetic solver HFSS.

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Benyetho, Taoufik, Jamal Zbitou, Larbi El Abdellaoui, Hamid Bennis, and Abdelwahed Tribak. "A New Fractal Multiband Antenna for Wireless Power Transmission Applications." Active and Passive Electronic Components 2018 (2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2084747.

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The Microwave Power Transmission (MPT) is the possibility of feeding a system without contact by using microwave energy. The challenge of such system is to increase the efficiency of transmitted energy from the emitter to the load. This can be achieved by rectifying the microwave energy using a rectenna system composed of an antenna of a significant gain associated with a rectifier with a good input impedance matching. In this paper, a new multiband antenna using the microstrip technology and fractal geometry is developed. The fractal antenna is validated into simulation and measurement in the ISM (industrial, scientific, and medical) band at 2.45 GHz and 5.8 GHz and it presents a wide aperture angle with an acceptable gain for both bands. The final antenna is printed over an FR4 substrate with a dimension of 60 × 30 mm2. These characteristics make the antenna suitable for a multiband rectenna circuit use.

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42

El Sayed Ahmad, Ahmad, Marc Thevenot, Jean-Marie Floc'h, and Mohamad Mantash. "High Gain Array of Monopoles-Coupled Antennas for Wireless Applications." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2012 (2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/725745.

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An array of monopole antennas over a ground plane that radiates a directive lobe in the end-fire direction are described in this paper. The design uses the rigorous method described by Drouet et al. 2008 in order to synthesize the radiation through the strong cumulative coupling between the monopoles. A gain higher than 20 dB was achieved in the end-fire direction over a 4.5% bandwidth. However, the antenna has been tilted in order to compensate the beam deviation caused by the edge diffraction. A prototype with 12 elements has been manufactured in order to validate the antenna principle and the whole antenna is successfully measured. The prototype was studied with the software CST-Microwave Studio and the feed network has been designed with Agilent ADS.

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Hamza, Musa N., Yadgar I. Abdulkarim, Salah Raza Saeed, Olcay Altıntaş, Rashad H. Mahmud, Bhargav Appasani, and Cristian Ravariu. "Low-Cost Antenna-Array-Based Metamaterials for Non-Invasive Early-Stage Breast Tumor Detection in the Human Body." Biosensors 12, no. 10 (October 5, 2022): 828. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios12100828.

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Microstrip patch antennas have been used in many applications since their appearance. Despite their great promise, their narrow bandwidth and the loss at high-frequency bands have limited their usage in medical applications. This work proposes a developed low-cost microstrip patch antenna suitable for microwave imaging (MWI) applications within the wideband frequency range. The proposed antenna is loaded with an artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) to improve the antenna performance. The simulated results obtained using computer simulation technology (CST) indicate that the presence of the AMC has improved the frequency selectivity of the antenna at 8.6 GHz with a peak realized gain of 9.90443 dBi and 10.61 dBi for simulated and measured results, respectively. The proposed microstrip antenna has been fabricated to validate the simulated results, and its performance is tested experimentally. Additionally, the fidelity factor of face-to-face (FtF) and side-by-side (SbS) scenarios have been presented. The breast phantom models with a tumor and the antenna operating as a transceiver have been numerically simulated for the application of cancer tumor cell detection. The work will have a significant impact on the design of electromagnetic biosensors.

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44

Isaac Kuma Yeboah, Richard Brace, Kwabena Agyapong-Kondua, Matthew Asiedu, and Henrritta Kuma Yeboah. "Fabrication and optimization of bi-quad antenna and energy-efficient balanced RF power amplifier for 5G-LTE multi-carrier applications." ITU Journal on Future and Evolving Technologies 3, no. 3 (December 15, 2022): 874–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.52953/wcqw1171.

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Wireless technology is presently one of the most actively researched fields of digital communication systems. Wireless communication technologies are insufficient without an understanding of antenna design and operation. A wide range of radio frequency equipment, including microwave antennas, microwave ovens, cordless telephones, and medical devices, utilize the 2.4 GHz band. In this article, a parabolic mesh dish was used to build and improve a bi-quad antenna with a central working frequency of 2.445 GHz. The bi-quad antenna was put in a parabolic mesh dish to optimize wave propagation. The findings show that the antenna obtained a signal strength range of 70% to 80%, increasing the directivity of WLAN coverage. The bi-quad antenna feed was placed in the center of a mesh dish, which assists in focusing radio waves onto the antenna. The bi-quad antenna outperformed the omnidirectional antenna, which had a signal strength of 56%. The results of each antenna test were separately simulated in MATLAB. The combined impact of bi-quad and parabolic was then duplicated using mathematical models, resulting in a unique waveform propagation pattern known as para-quad, which improved performance. A balanced RF power amplifier was conceived and built in this study. A 2.620 - 2.690GHz frequency range on a large signal Si-LDMOS transistor model achieves 53% PAE, 41dBm power output, and 14 dB gain at the P1dB saturation point.

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Reha, Abdelati, Abdelkebir El Amri, Othmane Benhmammouch, Ahmed Oulad Said, Abdelhakim El Ouadih, and Marouane Bouchouirbat. "CPW-fed slotted CANTOR Set fractal antenna for WiMAX and WLAN applications." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 9, no. 4 (May 16, 2016): 851–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078716000635.

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This paper presents the behavior of three iterations of a coplanar waveguide fed CANTOR Set fractal antenna. This kind of antennas allows having a broadband behavior and important gains. Also, the setup of slots allows having more lower resonant frequencies and therefore designing miniaturized antennas with good performances. The proposed antennas are suitable for 2.5/3.3/5/5.5 GHz worldwide interoperability for microwave access and for 2.4–2.5/4.9–5.9 GHz wireless local area networks applications. The simulations were performed in FEKO 6.3. The measurements were performed with Vector Network Analyzer HP 8719C.

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Martínez-Lozano, Andrea, Carolina Blanco-Angulo, Héctor García-Martínez, Roberto Gutiérrez-Mazón, Germán Torregrosa-Penalva, Ernesto Ávila-Navarro, and José María Sabater-Navarro. "UWB-Printed Rectangular-Based Monopole Antenna for Biological Tissue Analysis." Electronics 10, no. 3 (January 27, 2021): 304. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10030304.

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This paper presents the design of a printed step-type monopole antenna for biological tissue analysis and medical imaging applications in the microwave frequency range. The design starts from a very simple and widely known rectangular monopole antenna, and different modifications to the antenna geometry are made in order to increase the bandwidth. The antenna dimensions are optimized by means of a parametric analysis of each dimension using a 3-D electromagnetic simulator based on the finite element method. The optimized antenna, with final dimensions of 40 × 36 mm2, is manufactured onto a low-cost FR4 (fiber glass epoxy) substrate. The characteristics of the antenna have been measured inside an anechoic chamber, obtaining an omnidirectional radiation pattern and a working frequency range between 2.7 GHz and 11.4 GHz, which covers the UWB frequencies and enables the use of the antenna in medical imaging applications. Finally, the behaviour of four of these antennas located around a realistic breast model, made with biocompatible materials, has been analysed with the electromagnetic simulator, obtaining good results and demonstrating the usefulness of the designed antenna in the proposed application.

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47

Bhavani, S., T. Shanmuganantham, N. Mouni, and G. Jaydeep Sai. "Textile UWB Antennas for Biomedical Applications." IRO Journal on Sustainable Wireless Systems 4, no. 3 (September 15, 2022): 173–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.36548/jsws.2022.3.004.

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In recent years, there has been an increase in worry about the security of Wireless Body Area Network systems, particularly worn electronics such as military, entertainment, and medical devices. The ability to communicate wirelessly from or to the body via conformal and wearable antennas is a major characteristic of modern wearable electronics. In this work, circular ring and fractal antennas are designed using a wearable substrate of denim with a dielectric constant of 1.7. Design and simulations are carried out in the CST Microwave environment and different performance characteristics of the antenna are examined in free space and on body medical applications.

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Subahir, S., M. T. Ali, Nurulazlina A. Ramli, Siti Nurhidayah Kamaruddin, A. H. Awang, and Muhammad Ramlee Kamarudin. "Development of Rectangular Loop Microstrip Antenna Integrated with Light Emitting Diode (LED) for Wi-Fi Application." Applied Mechanics and Materials 781 (August 2015): 116–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.781.116.

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This paper presents the development of a rectangular loop microstrip patch antenna integrated with Light Emitting Diode (LED) for Wifi application. The objective to integrate with LED is to have dual applications in a device which illumination and also wireless communication. The antenna was designed at a frequency of 2.4 GHz and Computer Simulation Technology (CST) was used to optimized the position of LED within the rectangular loop antenna. The performances of the antenna in terms of return loss, gain and radiation pattern was verified through simulation by using Microwave Studio in CST. The antenna was fabricated on FR4 substrate with permittivity, εr =4.5 and thickness,h= 1.6mm. The LED integrated within the patch was conducted parallel and was measured by Vector Network Analyser (VNA) to demonstrate the capacity and potential of the antenna. The antennas are reasonably well matched at their corresponding frequency of operations between simulation and experiment.

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Suriyan, Kannadhasan, and Nagarajan Ramaingam. "Microstrip patch antenna review on various parameters, methods and its applications." International Journal of Informatics and Communication Technology (IJ-ICT) 12, no. 1 (April 1, 2023): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijict.v12i1.pp32-37.

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<p>The implementations of the microstrip patch antenna for wireless local area network (WLAN) and worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) are analysed in the literature in this research. Dual or multiband antenna has played a significant part in meeting the expectations of wireless service in this quickly developing world of wireless communication. Basically, a transitory guide, an antenna is a device that emits or absorbs radio waves. Numerous benefits exist for microstrip patch antennas, including affordability, portability, simplicity of construction, and compatibility with integrated circuits. This has several important uses in the military, radar, mobile communications, global positioning system (GPS), remote sensing, and more. In mobile devices like portable computers and smart phones, WLAN and WiMAX are often used.</p>

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Giri, Kali Krishna, Raj Kumar Singh, Kumari Mamata, and Ajeet Kumar Shrivastava. "A Theoretical Survey on Patch Antenna for Wideband Communication." International Journal of Research in Engineering, Science and Management 3, no. 11 (November 20, 2020): 69–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.47607/ijresm.2020.376.

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Abstract:

Modern communication system is based on wideband communication. A wideband antenna is designed in such a way that it will receive a wide range of frequencies. Microwave frequency spectrum is classified as ranging from 1GHz to 100GHz and this range is divided into a number of frequency bands. These bands are defined as L Band, S Band, C Band, X Band etc. To fulfil the demands of many users patch antenna is designed in these bands. Among different types of antenna, Microstrip Patch Antenna is most popular in wireless communication system. Microstrip patch Antennas have many advantages over other familiar antennas because microstrip patch antennas are of low profile, low cost, low volume, light weight. Low efficiency, low gain and narrow bandwidth of patch antenna create major challenge to a designer. Slots are created on patch for preparing antenna forwideband applications. In this paper, we have surveyed upon various types of Microstrip Patch Antenna, feeding techniques, design equation Substrate Characteristics, Simulation tools etc.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Antenna applications- Microwave'

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