Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'ANOVA test'
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Liu, Hangcheng. "Comparing Welch's ANOVA, a Kruskal-Wallis test and traditional ANOVA in case of Heterogeneity of Variance." VCU Scholars Compass, 2015. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3985.
Full textNing, Wei. "A new approach to test for interactions in two-way ANOVA models." Related electronic resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available full text, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/login?COPT=REJTPTU0NWQmSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=3739.
Full textPatrick, Joshua Daniel. "Simulations to analyze Type I error and power in the ANOVA F test and nonparametric alternatives." [Pensacola, Fla.] : University of West Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/WFE0000158.
Full textSenteney, Michael H. "A Monte Carlo Study to Determine Sample Size for Multiple Comparison Procedures in ANOVA." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou160433478343909.
Full textOpoku-Nsiah, Richard. "A computationally efficient bootstrap-equivalent test for ANOVA in skewed populations with a large number of factor levels." Diss., Kansas State University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/38155.
Full textDepartment of Statistics
Haiyan Wang
Advances in technology easily collect a large amount of data in scientific research such as agricultural screening and micro-array experiments. We are particularly interested in data from one-way and crossed two-way designs that have a large number of treatment combinations but small replications with heteroscedastic variances. In this framework, several test statistics have been proposed in the literature. Even though the form of these proposed test statistics may be different, they all use limiting normal or chi-square distribution to conduct their tests. Such approximation approaches the true distribution very slowly when the sample size ni is small while the number of levels of treatments a gets large. A strategy to obtain better accuracy in the classical large sample size setting is to use the bootstrap procedure with studentized statistic. Unfortunately, the available bootstrap method fails when the number of treatment level combinations is large while the number of replications is small. The Fisher and Hall (1990) asymptotic pivotal statistic under large sample size setting is no longer pivotal under small sample size setting with large number of treatment levels. In the first part of this dissertation, we start with describing suitable bootstrap statistics and procedures for hypothesis tests in one- and two-way ANOVA with a large number of levels and small sample sizes. We prove that the theoretical type I error-rate of Akritas and Papadatos (2004) and Wang and Akritas (2006) test statistics and their corresponding bootstrap versions have accuracy of order O(1/√a). We then modify their statistics to obtain asymptotically pivotal statistics in our current framework. We prove that the theoretical type I error-rate of the bootstrap version of the pivotal statistics is accurate up to order O(1/√a). In the second part of the dissertation, we propose a new test statistic in one-way ANOVA which is asymptotically pivotal in the current setting. We improve the accuracy of approximation of the distribution of the test statistic by deriving asymptotic expansion of the statistic under the current framework and define a new test rejection region through Cornish-Fisher expansion of quantiles. The type I error-rate of the new test has a faster convergence rate and is accurate up to order O(1/a). Simulation studies show that our tests performs better in terms of type I error-rate but comparable power with that of Akritas and Papadatos (2004) in the large a small ni setting. The connection between our asymptotic expansions and bootstrap distribution in the large a small ni setting is discussed. Our proposed test based on asymptotic expansion and Cornish-Fisher expansion of quantiles have both the advantage of higher accuracy and computational efficiency due to no resampling is needed.
Larsson, Stefan. "Mixing Processes for Ground Improvement by Deep Mixing." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Civil and Architectural Engineering, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3667.
Full textThe thesis is dealing with mixing processes havingapplication to ground improvement by deep mixing. The mainobjectives of the thesis is to make a contribution to knowledgeof the basic mechanisms in mixing binding agents into soil andimprove the knowledge concerning factors that influence theuniformity of stabilised soil.
A great part of the work consists of a literature surveywith particular emphasis on literature on the processindustries. This review forms a basis for a profounddescription and discussion of the mixing process and factorsaffecting the process in connection with deep mixingmethods.
The thesis presents a method for a simple field test for thestudy of influential factors in the mixing process. A number offactors in the installation process of lime-cement columns havebeen studied in two field tests using statistical multifactorexperiment design. The effects of retrieval rate, number ofmixing blades, rotation speed, air pressure in the storagetank, and diameter of the binder outlet on the stabilisationeffect and the coefficient of variation determined byhand-operated penetrometer tests for excavated lime-cementcolumns, were studied.
The literature review, the description of the mixingprocess, and the results from the field tests provide a morebalanced picture of the mixing process and are expected to beuseful in connection to ground improvement projects and thedevelopment of mixing equipments.
The concept of sufficient mixture quality, i.e. theinteraction between the mixing process and the mechanicalsystem, is discussed in the last section. By means ofgeostatistical methods, the analysis considers thevolume-variability relationship with reference to strengthproperties. According to the analysis, the design values forstrength properties depends on the mechanical system, the scaleof scrutiny, the spatial correlation structure, and the conceptof safety, i.e. the concept of sufficient mixture quality isproblem specific.
Key words:Deep Mixing, Lime cement columns, Mixingmechanisms, Mixture quality, Field test, ANOVA, Variancereduction.
Sahlström, Linda. "Att klättra, springa, krypa och kasta : En effektutvärdering inom området rörelseförståelse bland barn: har interventionen ”Rörelsesatsning i skolan” gett någon effekt?" Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-45321.
Full textGiosa, Francesca. "I test d'ipotesi e la loro declinazione in ambito medico." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/15992/.
Full textMu, Zhiqiang. "Comparing the Statistical Tests for Homogeneity of Variances." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2006. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2212.
Full textLaird, Daniel T. "Analysis of Covariance with Linear Regression Error Model on Antenna Control Unit Tracking." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/596393.
Full textOver the past several years DoD imposed constraints on test deliverables, requiring objective measures of test results, i.e., statistically defensible test and evaluation (SDT&E) methods and results. These constraints force the tester to employ statistical hypotheses, analyses and perhaps modeling to assess test results objectively, i.e., based on statistical metrics, probability of confidence and logical inference to supplement rather than rely solely on expertise, which is too subjective. Experts often disagree on interpretation. Numbers, although interpretable, are less variable than opinion. Logic, statistical inference and belief are the bases of testable, repeatable and refutable hypothesis and analyses. In this paper we apply linear regression modeling and analysis of variance (ANOVA) to time-space position information (TSPI) to determine if a telemetry (TM) antenna control unit (ACU) under test (AUT) tracks statistically, thus as efficiently, in C-band while receiving both C- and S-band signals. Together, regression and ANOVA compose a method known as analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). In this, the second of three papers, we use data from a range test, but make no reference to the systems under test, nor to causes of error. The intent is to present examples of tools and techniques useful for SDT&E methodologies in testing.
Widerberg, Carl. "The Two-Sample t-test and the Influence of Outliers : - A simulation study on how the type I error rate is impacted by outliers of different magnitude." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statistiska institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-375767.
Full textLaird, Daniel T. "Logistics Regression Model on Antenna Control Unit Autotracking Mode." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/596414.
Full textOver the past several years DoD imposed constraints on test deliverables, requiring objective measures of test results, i.e., statistically defensible test and evaluation (SDT&E) methods and results. These constraints force testers to employ statistical hypotheses, analyses and modeling to assess test results objectively, i.e., based on statistical metrics, analytical methods, probability of confidence complemented by, rather than solely on expertise, which is too subjective. In this and companion papers we discuss methods of objectifying testing. We employ an earth coordinate model and statistical modeling of telemetry (TM) tracking antenna employing time-space position information (TSPI) and derived statistical measures for tracking-error and auto-tracking mode. Test data were statistically analyzed via analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) which revealed that the antenna control unit (ACU) under test (AUT) does not track statistically identically, nor as practically or efficiently in C-band while receiving data carriers in both S- and C-bands. The conclusions of this paper add support to that hypothesis. In this third of three papers we use data from a range test, but make no reference to the systems under test as the purpose of this paper is to present an example of tools useful for employing a SDT&E methodology.
Bensmail, Erica. "Studio dei cambiamenti di colore e del contenuto in clorofille e carotenoidi di oli di semi di canapa durante un test di stoccaggio accelerato." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2022.
Find full textFlamigni, Luca. "Analisi del Cammino in Pazienti Affetti da Idrocefalo Normoteso Attraverso IMU Indossabili." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016.
Find full textSöderberg, Max Joel, and Axel Meurling. "Feature selection in short-term load forecasting." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-259692.
Full textI denna rapport undersöks korrelation och betydelsen av olika attribut för att förutspå energiförbrukning 24 timmar framåt. Attributen härstammar från tre kategorier: väder, tid och tidigare energiförbrukning. Korrelationerna tas fram genom att utföra Pearson Correlation och Mutual Information. Detta resulterade i att de högst korrelerade attributen var de som representerar tidigare energiförbrukning, följt av temperatur och månad. Två identiska attributmängder erhölls genom att ranka attributen över korrelation. Tre attributmängder skapades manuellt. Den första mängden innehåll sju attribut som representerade tidigare energiförbrukning, en för varje dag, sju dagar innan datumet för prognosen av energiförbrukning. Den andra mängden bestod av väderoch tidsattribut. Den tredje mängden bestod av alla attribut från den första och andra mängden. Dessa mängder jämfördes sedan med hjälp av olika maskininlärningsmodeller. Resultaten visade att mängden med alla attribut och den med tidigare energiförbrukning gav bäst resultat för samtliga modeller.
Mankayi, Dolphia Thozama. "An investigation into the relationship between satisfaction with life and sense of coherence amongst the unemployed." University of the Western Cape, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7861.
Full textThe present study investigated the relationship between the Sense Of Coherence and Satisfaction With Life amongst the unemployed. The study attempted to test the following hypotheses. 1. People with a high Sense Of Coherence tend to be satisfied with their lives in general. 2. Demographic variables such as age, gender, race and level of education have an influence on the subjects' scores on the Sense Of Coherence and Satisfaction With Life scales. 3. Length of unemployment has an impact on the subjects' Sense Of Coherence and Satisfaction With Life. In this study, subjects were drawn from the Department of Manpower in the Western Cape region. The data were obtained from a sample of 100 participants. Of this 100, 52 were males. Subjects were asked to complete the Sense Of Coherence and the Satisfaction With Life scales. Statistical procedures that were used are Multiple Linear Regression analysis, Product Moment Correlational Co-efficients, Analysis of Variance test (ANOVA) and the Cronbach Alphas of the various scales. It was found that Sense Of Coherence correlated significantly with Satisfaction With Life, thus supporting the first hypothesis. This led to the conclusion that a person with a strong Sense Of Coherence tends to be more satisfied with his/her life. However, a person with a weaker Sense Of Coherence finds it difficult to make sense out of his/her life. It was also found that most of the demographic variables did not reach any statistical significance. The general trend in this sample was that younger people had higher education and had been unemployed for fewer years. In comparison, older people were found to have less education and had been unemployed for more years. It was concluded that formal and informal education system will be necessary to develop and equip both young and older people with the experience and skills to use at work. This study was concluded by the discussion of the implications of the findings and suggestions for future research.
Kossaï, Mohamed. "Les Technologies de L’Information et des Communications (TIC), le capital humain, les changements organisationnels et la performance des PME manufacturières." Thesis, Paris 9, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA090035/document.
Full textICT is a key performance factor in developed countries. This PhD thesis focuses on the adoption of ICTs and their impact on the performance of manufacturing SMEs in a developing country. Following a first part covering the theoretical and conceptual framework, the rest of the thesis is organized in three empirical studies. The first study uses a Probit model in order to identify the determinants of ICT adoption. Human capital seems to be the most significant explanatory variable. Based on linear regression of dummy variables, Granger causality, Kruskal-Wallis test, ANOVA test of Welch, followed by corresponding post-hoc tests, the second study highlights the existence of a strong statistically significant relationship between the level of ICT adoption and profitability. In a third study, many Probit models (simple, ordered and multivariate) were tested on different measures of performance. Firstly, we show that ICT have a positive impact on productivity, profitability and competitiveness of SMEs. Secondly, ICT, human capital and training are determinants of firm overall performance. Thirdly, when combined together, ICT and highly skilled human resources have an important contribution to the global performance. In conclusion, our empirical results demonstrate a positive impact of ICT, human capital and organizational change on firm performance
Rajapaksha, Kosman Watte Gedara Dimuthu Hansana. "WALD TYPE TESTS WITH THE WRONG DISPERSION MATRIX." OpenSIUC, 2021. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1949.
Full textPisinthpunth, C. "A Guideline for Environmental Games (GEG) and a randomized controlled evaluation of a game to increase environmental knowledge related to human population growth." Thesis, Coventry University, 2015. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/ab227155-e0c9-4389-a76c-33b9f8283fcf/1.
Full textRasch, Dieter, Thomas Rusch, Marie Simeckova, Klaus D. Kubinger, Karl Moder, and Petr Simecek. "Tests of additivity in mixed and fixed effect two-way ANOVA models with single sub-class numbers." Springer, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1070/s00362-009-0254-4.
Full textAl-Abdullatif, Fatimah. "Discriminant Function Analysis Versus Univariate ANOVAs as Post Hoc Procedures Following Significant MANOVA Test: A Monte Carlo Study." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1585072063453955.
Full textSousa, Isaac Diego Pereira de. "Design and testing Of blades for small wind turbines with different geometrical correction in root and tip of blade." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2014. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=12320.
Full textThe work aims to build , using the BEM (Blade Element Moment) theory , and test three wind rotors , each one consisting of three blades, which were constructed and used for assembling three SWT (Small Wind Turbine) with TSR (Tip Speed Ratio) equal to seven. The three rotors with blades of 2 meters length, distinguished themselves in their geometries as follows: 1) blades without any correction, 2) blades with only tip correction, 3) blades with only root correction. The NREL S809 airfoil developed by the U.S. National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) was used. This airfoil is characterized by having been specially developed for wind turbines. The airfoil experimental data, such as the lift and drag coefficients as a function of angle of attack, were obtained based on wind tunnel test results for Reynolds number of 3 x 105. Also, field tests were conducted to collect torque in the main shaft of the wind rotor [N ∙ m], angular velocity [rad/s] and wind speed [m/s] data, using proper instrumentation and a data collection system. The data collected in the field for each turbine, were analyzed by statistical inference. The power coefficient data were grouped by TSR ranges, and was observed that the data of the last two ranges were the only intervals that showed a normal distribution of data of the Cp . These data were subjected to a one-way ANOVA. And the results showed no significant difference between the average of the rotors SC and CP. Already the data did not exhibit a normal distribution were analyzed by Exponentially Weighted Moving Average (MMEP). It was also observed that the three rotors showed no difference between the power coefficients, of the statistical point of view. An important finding of the experiments was that the CR blades had higher average values of power coefficients for each band TSR.
O trabalho visou construir, atravÃs da Teoria do BEM (Blade Element Moment), e testar trÃs rotores eÃlicos, cada um destes constituÃdos de trÃs pÃs, as quais foram construÃdas e aplicadas na montagem de trÃs TEPP (Turbinas EÃlicas de Pequeno Porte) com TSR (Tip Speed Ratio de projeto igual a sete. Os trÃs rotores, com pÃs de 2 metros de comprimento, distinguiram-se, em suas geometrias, do seguinte modo: 1) pÃs sem correÃÃo alguma, 2) pÃs com correÃÃo somente na ponta e 3) pÃs com correÃÃo somente na raiz. O aerofÃlio aplicado foi o NREL S809, desenvolvido pelo laboratÃrio norte americano de energias renovÃveis (NREL). Este aerofÃlio à caracterizado por ter sido projetado para uso especÃfico em turbinas eÃlicas. Os dados experimentais do aerofÃlio, como os coeficientes de sustentaÃÃo e arrasto em funÃÃo do Ãngulo de ataque, foram obtidos com base nos resultados de testes em tÃnel de vento para um nÃmero de Reynolds de 3 x 105. Realizou-se, tambÃm, testes em campo, utilizando-se de uma instrumentaÃÃo necessÃria para a coleta de dados de torque no eixo principal do rotor eÃlico [N.m], velocidade angular do rotor [rad/s], e velocidade do vento, por meio de um sistema de coleta de dados. Os dados colhidos em campo, de cada turbina, foram analisados por inferÃncia estatÃstica. Os dados de Cp foram agrupados por faixas de TSR, e observou-se que os dados das duas Ãltimas faixas foram os Ãnicos intervalos que apresentaram uma distribuiÃÃo normal de probabilidade dos dados de Cp . Estes dados foram submetidos a uma ANOVA com um fator. E os resultados mostraram que nÃo hà uma diferenÃa significativa entre as mÃdias dos rotores SC e CP. Jà os dados que nÃo apresentaram uma distribuiÃÃo normal foram analisados pela MÃdia MÃvel Exponencialmente Ponderada (MMEP). Verificou-se tambÃm que os trÃs rotores nÃo apresentaram diferenÃa entre os coeficientes de potÃncia, do ponto de vista estatÃstico. Uma importante constataÃÃo dos experimentos realizados foi a de que as pÃs CR apresentaram valores mÃdios de Cp superiores para cada faixa de TSR.
Havlásek, Radim. "Statistické plánování experimentů pro účely optimalizace kvality." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-217910.
Full textTejkal, Martin. "Vybrané transformace náhodných veličin užívané v klasické lineární regresi." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-318798.
Full textYuan, Hao. "Optimization of Rib-To-Deck Welds for Steel Orthotropic Bridge Decks." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35935.
Full textCurrently the only requirement by AASHTO bridge code is that the rib-to-deck welds need to be fabricated as one-sided partial penetration welds with minimum penetration of 80% into the rib wall thickness. However considering the thin rib plate thickness, it is very difficult to achieve this penetration without a â melt-throughâ or â blow-throughâ defect. Large cost has been caused for the repair. However recent research has found that the fatigue performance of the rib-to-deck weld is not directly related to its penetration. Other factors contribute to the fatigue performance as well. Therefore, alternative requirements which are more cost-effective and rational are desired.
The objective of this research is to provide recommendations to the design and fabrication of rib-to-deck welds by investigating their fatigue performance with different weld dimensions, penetrations, and welding processes. Fatigue tests were performed to 95 full-scale single-rib deck segments in 8 specimen series fabricated with different welding processes and root gap openness. Specimens were tested under cyclic loads till failure. Three failure modes were observed on both weld toes and the weld root. Test results showed that the fatigue performance was more affected by other factors such as failure mode, R-ratio and root gap openness, rather than the weld penetration. The failure cycles were recorded for the following S-N curve analysis.
Finite element analysis was performed to determine the stress state on the fatigue cracking locations. Special considerations were made for the application of hot-spot stress methodology, which post-processes the FEA results to calculate the stress values at cracking locations with the structural configuration taken into account. The hot-spot stress range values were derived and adjusted accounting for the fabrication and test error. Hot-spot S-N curves were established for each specimen series.
Statistical analyses were performed to study in depth the effect of weld dimensions and test scenarios. Multiple linear regression (MLR) was performed to investigate the effects of different weld dimensions; and multi-way analysis of covariance (Multi-way ANCOVA) for the effects of specimen series, failure mode, R-ratio and weld root gap. It was found that the weld toe size was more relevant to the fatigue performance, other than the weld penetration. The failure mode and R-ratio were very influential on the fatigue performance. Recommendations to the weld geometry were proposed based on the MLR model fitting. S-N data were re-categorized based on ANCOVA results and the lower-bound S-N curve was established. AASHTO C curve was recommended for the deck design.
Master of Science
Lohaka, Hippolyte O. "MAKING A GROUPED-DATA FREQUENCY TABLE: DEVELOPMENT AND EXAMINATION OF THE ITERATION ALGORITHM." Ohio : Ohio University, 2007. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1194981215.
Full textCarroll, Gretchen Kay. "AN EXAMINATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERSONALITY TYPE, SELF PERCEPTION ACCURACY AND TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP PRACTICES OF FEMALE HOSPITAL LEADERS." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1288189512.
Full textAderibigbe, Aderonke. "Rock-Fluid Chemistry Impacts on Shale Hydraulic Fracture and Microfracture Growth." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2012-05-11129.
Full textSrivastava, Pooja. "Monitoring and risk assessment of polyaromatic hydocarbons (PAHs) in a stretch of river ganges." Thesis, 2016. http://localhost:8080/iit/handle/2074/7104.
Full textDacal, Rafael. "The Effects of an Employment Tax Enforcement Regime on US Small Business and Proprietor Payment Compliance." 2017. http://scholarworks.gsu.edu/bus_admin_diss/78.
Full textWang, YuSheng, and 王昱昇. "Two independent sample T test under the extended ANCOVA model." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/92940893381555898238.
Full text國立臺北大學
統計學系
92
Many experiments are implemented to see if there is a significant mean difference in outcome between two treatments. Two independent sample T test and the analysis of variance (ANOVA) are two major methods. However, sometimes the outcome may be apparently affected by the covariate. The way to remove the influence from the covariate is so-called the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Comparing with the two methods, T and F, the ANCOVA can increase the Power to the test. Neter (1999) used the adjusted covariate term as an independent variable in the regression model. Hicks & Turner (1999) adjusted the sum of squares of the ANOVA model by using the form of sum squares of residual from the simple linear regression model. And they are both a kind of analysis of covariance. However, there are some assumptions coming with the ANCOVA. The purpose of this thesis is to propose a test that will release the assumption in the ANCOVA model. The basic idea comes from the bivariate-normal distribution of the response variable. The least square method and the regression model are used to do our job. Finally, the Monte Carlo simulations are used to evaluate the performance of the desired level and power.
Huang, Wei-Hsueh, and 黃為學. "Hierarchical ANOVA and F-Tests for Functional Data with Local Polynomial Fitting." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/699vk2.
Full textChaka, Lyson. "Impact of unbalancedness and heteroscedasticity on classic parametric significance tests of two-way fixed-effects ANOVA tests." Diss., 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/23287.
Full textStatistics
M. Sc. (Statistics)
Deneke, Tewodros Mesfin. "The influence of service quality on customer satisfaction, customer value and behavioral intentions in the hotel sector of Ethiopia." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/22240.
Full textBusiness Management
D.B.L.
Dores, Rute Alexandra Silvestre. "Métodos de análise de variância e regressão na avaliação do desenvolvimento da doença periodontal." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/48429.
Full textA doença periodontal engloba um grupo de condições inflamatórias determinadas pela destruição progressiva do periodonto. Esta doença afeta a gengiva e os tecidos dentários de suporte, sendo classificada como gengivite, inflamação reversível da gengiva marginal, e periodontite, quando existe destruição de estruturas que suportam o dente. Um dos principais agentes de desencadeamento dessa patologia é a placa bacteriana. Para o sucesso do tratamento da doença periodontal é importante um diagnostico precoce. Com o rápido envelhecimento da população mundial, sobretudo em Portugal, cuja taxa de envelhecimento tem vindo a aumentar consideravelmente, a melhoria das condições de vida e da prestação dos cuidados de saúde levou a que nos dias de hoje exista uma maior durabilidade da dentição natural e, consequentemente, uma diminuição das patologias orais. Contudo, mesmo com uma maior sensibilização para a saúde oral, a prevalência de patologias orais nos idosos é ainda considerada significativa. A avaliação da doença periodontal e da sua progressão é determinada por meio de observações local a local (figura 1). Os dados periodontais são complexos e estruturados em vários níveis, no entanto iremos avaliar duas medidas envolvidas: o nível de perda de aderência clínica (CAL) e o nível de profundidade clínica (PD), em que o CAL é medida que mede a distância vertical entre a junção cimento-esmalte e o ponto mais baixo usando uma sonda periodontal em escala ordinal, é a medida mais popular para avaliar gravidade da doença periodontal. As medidas obtidas de um paciente específico são intrinsecamente agrupados dentro da boca e locais de dentes proximais têm um CAL semelhante em comparação com locais que estão mais distantes. Já o PD é a distância do fundo de sulco até a margem gengival. Ambas são medidas em seis pontos em torno de cada dente (mésio-vestibular, disto-vestibular, mésio-lingual, disto-lingual, meio-vestibular ou médio-lingual). As observações são recolhidas ao nível do paciente, logo não são independentes. Usando a Análise de Variância (ANOVA) de medidas repetidas, analisaram-se 51 pacientes, dos quais 40 são do sexo masculino e 11 do sexo feminino. Estes dados foram recolhidos em quatro momentos. Um primeiro antes de iniciar o tratamento e posteriormente em outros três, ao longo de um período de 4 consultas. A idade de todos os pacientes é superior a 30 anos.
Periodontal pathology includes a group of inflammatory conditions that are determined by the progressive destruction of the periodontium. This medical condition affects the gums and the supporting dental tissues, being classified as gingivitis, reversible inflammation of the marginal gingiva and periodontitis, when the supporting structure of the teeth is destroyed. One of the main causes of the development of this pathology is dental plaque and in order to achieve better results of treatment, it is crucial to do an early diagnosis. Due to the increasing ageing of the world population, especially in Portugal where there is a high ageing rate, the improvement of the quality of life and a better access to healthcare, led to a higher durability of the original teeth, causing therefore a decrease of oral pathologies. Nonetheless, the prevalence of oral pathologies in the elderly is substantially high. The evaluation of the periodontal disease and its progression is determined by local to local observations (image 1). The periodontal data is complex and structured in several levels, however there'll be the evaluation the two involved levels, the clinical attachment level (CAL) and the Probin Depth (PD), where the CAL is what measures the vertical distance between the junction cement-enamel and the lower point, using a periodontal plumb in ordinal scale, which is the most known measurement to evaluate the periodontal disease. The obtained measurements of a specific patient are gathered inside the mouth and locals of proximal teeth have similar CAL values when compared to locals that are more distant. Concerning the PD, it is the distance of groove bottom until the gingival margin. Both are measured in six points (distal-vestibular, medial-vestibular, mesio-vestibular, distal-lingual, medial-lingual and mesio-lingual). The observations are evaluated based on the patient, therefore not independent. Using repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), 51 patients were analyzed, 40 of whom are male and 11 are female. These data were collected in four moments. One, just before the treatment starting and then three other times after the treatment of the disease, over a period of 4 visits. All patients are over 30 years old.