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Journal articles on the topic 'ANO2'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 14 March 2023

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1

Duran, Charity, Zhiqiang Qu, Adeboye O. Osunkoya, Yuanyuan Cui, and H. Criss Hartzell. "ANOs 3–7 in the anoctamin/Tmem16 Cl− channel family are intracellular proteins." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 302, no. 3 (February 2012): C482—C493. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00140.2011.

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Ca2+-activated Cl− channels (CaCCs) participate in numerous physiological functions such as neuronal excitability, sensory transduction, and transepithelial fluid transport. Recently, it was shown that heterologously expressed anoctamins ANO1 and ANO2 generate currents that resemble native CaCCs. The anoctamin family (also called Tmem16) consists of 10 members, but it is not known whether all members of the family are CaCCs. Expression of ANOs 3–7 in HEK293 cells did not generate Cl− currents activated by intracellular Ca2+, as determined by whole cell patch clamp electrophysiology. With the use of confocal imaging, only ANO1 and ANO2 traffic to the plasma membrane when expressed heterologously. Furthermore, endogenously expressed ANO7 in the human prostate is predominantly intracellular. We took a chimeric approach to identify regions critical for channel trafficking and function. However, none of the chimeras of ANO1 and ANO5/7 that we made trafficked to the plasma membrane. Our results suggest that intracellular anoctamins may be endoplasmic reticulum proteins, although it remains unknown whether these family members are CaCCs. Determining the role of anoctamin family members in ion transport will be critical to understanding their functions in physiology and disease.

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2

Feng, Rulin, Eric D. Glendening, and Kirk A. Peterson. "Coupled Cluster Study of the Interactions of AnO2, AnO2+, and AnO22+ (An = U, Np) with N2 and CO." Inorganic Chemistry 59, no. 7 (March 18, 2020): 4753–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b03759.

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3

Tengvall, Katarina, Jesse Huang, Cecilia Hellström, Patrick Kammer, Martin Biström, Burcu Ayoglu, Izaura Lima Bomfim, et al. "Molecular mimicry between Anoctamin 2 and Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen 1 associates with multiple sclerosis risk." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 34 (August 2, 2019): 16955–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1902623116.

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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory, likely autoimmune disease of the central nervous system with a combination of genetic and environmental risk factors, among which Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection is a strong suspect. We have previously identified increased autoantibody levels toward the chloride-channel protein Anoctamin 2 (ANO2) in MS. Here, IgG antibody reactivity toward ANO2 and EBV nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA1) was measured using bead-based multiplex serology in plasma samples from 8,746 MS cases and 7,228 controls. We detected increased anti-ANO2 antibody levels in MS (P = 3.5 × 10−36) with 14.6% of cases and 7.8% of controls being ANO2 seropositive (odds ratio [OR] = 1.6; 95% confidence intervals [95%CI]: 1.5 to 1.8). The MS risk increase in ANO2-seropositive individuals was dramatic when also exposed to 3 known risk factors for MS: HLA-DRB1*15:01 carriage, absence of HLA-A*02:01, and high anti-EBNA1 antibody levels (OR = 24.9; 95%CI: 17.9 to 34.8). Reciprocal blocking experiments with ANO2 and EBNA1 peptides demonstrated antibody cross-reactivity, mapping to ANO2 [aa 140 to 149] and EBNA1 [aa 431 to 440]. HLA gene region was associated with anti-ANO2 antibody levels and HLA-DRB1*04:01 haplotype was negatively associated with ANO2 seropositivity (OR = 0.6; 95%CI: 0.5 to 0.7). Anti-ANO2 antibody levels were not increased in patients from 3 other inflammatory disease cohorts. The HLA influence and the fact that specific IgG production usually needs T cell help provides indirect evidence for a T cell ANO2 autoreactivity in MS. We propose a hypothesis where immune reactivity toward EBNA1 through molecular mimicry with ANO2 contributes to the etiopathogenesis of MS.

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4

Schreiber, Rainer, Jiraporn Ousingsawat, and Karl Kunzelmann. "Targeting of Intracellular TMEM16 Proteins to the Plasma Membrane and Activation by Purinergic Signaling." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 11 (June 5, 2020): 4065. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21114065.

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Anoctamins such as TMEM16A and TMEM16B are Ca2+-dependent Cl− channels activated through purinergic receptor signaling. TMEM16A (ANO1), TMEM16B (ANO2) and TMEM16F (ANO6) are predominantly expressed at the plasma membrane and are therefore well accessible for functional studies. While TMEM16A and TMEM16B form halide-selective ion channels, TMEM16F and probably TMEM16E operate as phospholipid scramblases and nonselective ion channels. Other TMEM16 paralogs are expressed mainly in intracellular compartments and are therefore difficult to study at the functional level. Here, we report that TMEM16E (ANO5), -H (ANO8), -J (ANO9) and K (ANO10) are targeted to the plasma membrane when fused to a C-terminal CAAX (cysteine, two aliphatic amino acids plus methionin, serine, alanin, cystein or glutamin) motif. These paralogs produce Ca2+-dependent ion channels. Surprisingly, expression of the TMEM16 paralogs in the plasma membrane did not produce additional scramblase activity. In contrast, endogenous scrambling induced by stimulation of purinergic P2X7 receptors was attenuated, in parallel with reduced plasma membrane blebbing. This could suggest that intracellular TMEM16 paralogs operate differently when compared to plasma membrane-localized TMEM16F, and may even stabilize intracellular membranes. Alternatively, CAAX tagging, which leads to expression in non-raft compartments of the plasma membrane, may antagonize phosphatidylserine exposure by endogenous raft-located TMEM16F. CAAX-containing constructs may be useful to further investigate the molecular properties of intracellular TMEM16 proteins.

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5

Wang, Gaoxue, Enrique R. Batista, and Ping Yang. "Water on Actinide Dioxide Surfaces: A Review of Recent Progress." Applied Sciences 10, no. 13 (July 6, 2020): 4655. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10134655.

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The fluorite structured actinide dioxides (AnO2), especially UO2, are the most common nuclear fuel materials. A comprehensive understanding of their surface chemistry is critical because of its relevance to the safe handling, usage, and storage of nuclear fuels. Because of the ubiquitous nature of water (H2O), its interaction with AnO2 has attracted significant attention for its significance in studies of nuclear fuels corrosion and the long-term storage of nuclear wastes. The last few years have seen extensive experimental and theoretical studies on the H2O–AnO2 interaction. Herein, we present a brief review of recent advances in this area. We focus on the atomic structures of AnO2 surfaces, the surface energies, surface oxygen vacancies, their influence on the oxidation states of actinide atoms, and the adsorption and reactions of H2O on stoichiometric and reduced AnO2 surfaces. Finally, a summary and outlook of future studies on surface chemistry of AnO2 are given. We intend for this review to encourage broader interests and further studies on AnO2 surfaces.

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6

Auer, Friederike, Eliana Franco Taveras, Uli Klein, Céline Kesenheimer, Dana Fleischhauer, Frank Möhrlen, and Stephan Frings. "Anoctamin 2-chloride channels reduce simple spike activity and mediate inhibition at elevated calcium concentration in cerebellar Purkinje cells." PLOS ONE 16, no. 3 (March 2, 2021): e0247801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0247801.

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Modulation of neuronal excitability is a prominent way of shaping the activity of neuronal networks. Recent studies highlight the role of calcium-activated chloride currents in this context, as they can both increase or decrease excitability. The calcium-activated chloride channel Anoctamin 2 (ANO2 alias TMEM16B) has been described in several regions of the mouse brain, including the olivo-cerebellar system. In inferior olivary neurons, ANO2 was proposed to increase excitability by facilitating the generation of high-threshold calcium spikes. An expression of ANO2 in cerebellar Purkinje cells was suggested, but its role in these neurons remains unclear. In the present study, we confirmed the expression of Ano2 mRNA in Purkinje cells and performed electrophysiological recordings to examine the influence of ANO2-chloride channels on the excitability of Purkinje cells by comparing wildtype mice to mice lacking ANO2. Recordings were performed in acute cerebellar slices of adult mice, which provided the possibility to study the role of ANO2 within the cerebellar cortex. Purkinje cells were uncoupled from climbing fiber input to assess specifically the effect of ANO2 channels on Purkinje cell activity. We identified an attenuating effect of ANO2-mediated chloride currents on the instantaneous simple spike activity both during strong current injections and during current injections close to the simple spike threshold. Moreover, we report a reduction of inhibitory currents from GABAergic interneurons upon depolarization, lasting for several seconds. Together with the role of ANO2-chloride channels in inferior olivary neurons, our data extend the evidence for a role of chloride-dependent modulation in the olivo-cerebellar system that might be important for proper cerebellum-dependent motor coordination and learning.

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7

Seo, Yohan, Ho K. Lee, Jinhong Park, Dong-kyu Jeon, Sungwoo Jo, Minjae Jo, and Wan Namkung. "Ani9, A Novel Potent Small-Molecule ANO1 Inhibitor with Negligible Effect on ANO2." PLOS ONE 11, no. 5 (May 24, 2016): e0155771. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0155771.

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8

Cherkashin, Alexander P., Alisa S. Kolesnikova, Michail V. Tarasov, Roman A. Romanov, Olga A. Rogachevskaja, Marina F. Bystrova, and Stanislav S. Kolesnikov. "Expression of calcium-activated chloride channels Ano1 and Ano2 in mouse taste cells." Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology 468, no. 2 (November 3, 2015): 305–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00424-015-1751-z.

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9

Ayoglu, Burcu, Nicholas Mitsios, Ingrid Kockum, Mohsen Khademi, Arash Zandian, Ronald Sjöberg, Björn Forsström, et al. "Anoctamin 2 identified as an autoimmune target in multiple sclerosis." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 8 (February 9, 2016): 2188–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1518553113.

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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system and also is regarded as an autoimmune condition. However, the antigenic targets of the autoimmune response in MS have not yet been deciphered. In an effort to mine the autoantibody repertoire within MS, we profiled 2,169 plasma samples from MS cases and population-based controls using bead arrays built with 384 human protein fragments selected from an initial screening with 11,520 antigens. Our data revealed prominently increased autoantibody reactivity against the chloride-channel protein anoctamin 2 (ANO2) in MS cases compared with controls. This finding was corroborated in independent assays with alternative protein constructs and by epitope mapping with peptides covering the identified region of ANO2. Additionally, we found a strong interaction between the presence of ANO2 autoantibodies and the HLA complex MS-associated DRB1*15 allele, reinforcing a potential role for ANO2 autoreactivity in MS etiopathogenesis. Furthermore, immunofluorescence analysis in human MS brain tissue showed ANO2 expression as small cellular aggregates near and inside MS lesions. Thus this study represents one of the largest efforts to characterize the autoantibody repertoire within MS. The findings presented here demonstrate that an ANO2 autoimmune subphenotype may exist in MS and lay the groundwork for further studies focusing on the pathogenic role of ANO2 autoantibodies in MS.

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10

Pedemonte, Nicoletta, and Luis J. V. Galietta. "Structure and Function of TMEM16 Proteins (Anoctamins)." Physiological Reviews 94, no. 2 (April 2014): 419–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00039.2011.

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TMEM16 proteins, also known as anoctamins, are involved in a variety of functions that include ion transport, phospholipid scrambling, and regulation of other membrane proteins. The first two members of the family, TMEM16A (anoctamin-1, ANO1) and TMEM16B (anoctamin-2, ANO2), function as Ca2+-activated Cl−channels (CaCCs), a type of ion channel that plays important functions such as transepithelial ion transport, smooth muscle contraction, olfaction, phototransduction, nociception, and control of neuronal excitability. Genetic ablation of TMEM16A in mice causes impairment of epithelial Cl−secretion, tracheal abnormalities, and block of gastrointestinal peristalsis. TMEM16A is directly regulated by cytosolic Ca2+as well as indirectly by its interaction with calmodulin. Other members of the anoctamin family, such as TMEM16C, TMEM16D, TMEM16F, TMEM16G, and TMEM16J, may work as phospholipid scramblases and/or ion channels. In particular, TMEM16F (ANO6) is a major contributor to the process of phosphatidylserine translocation from the inner to the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane. Intriguingly, TMEM16F is also associated with the appearance of anion/cation channels activated by very high Ca2+concentrations. Furthermore, a TMEM16 protein expressed in Aspergillus fumigatus displays both ion channel and lipid scramblase activity. This finding suggests that dual function is an ancestral characteristic of TMEM16 proteins and that some members, such as TMEM16A and TMEM16B, have evolved to a pure channel function. Mutations in anoctamin genes ( ANO3, ANO5, ANO6, and ANO10) cause various genetic diseases. These diseases suggest the involvement of anoctamins in a variety of cell functions whose link with ion transport and/or lipid scrambling needs to be clarified.

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11

Song, S. C., J. A. Beatty, and C. J. Wilson. "The ionic mechanism of membrane potential oscillations and membrane resonance in striatal LTS interneurons." Journal of Neurophysiology 116, no. 4 (October 1, 2016): 1752–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00511.2016.

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Striatal low-threshold spiking (LTS) interneurons spontaneously transition to a depolarized, oscillating state similar to that seen after sodium channels are blocked. In the depolarized state, whether spontaneous or induced by sodium channel blockade, the neurons express a 3- to 7-Hz oscillation and membrane impedance resonance in the same frequency range. The membrane potential oscillation and membrane resonance are expressed in the same voltage range (greater than −40 mV). We identified and recorded from LTS interneurons in striatal slices from a mouse that expressed green fluorescent protein under the control of the neuropeptide Y promoter. The membrane potential oscillation depended on voltage-gated calcium channels. Antagonism of L-type calcium currents (CaV1) reduced the amplitude of the oscillation, whereas blockade of N-type calcium currents (CaV2.2) reduced the frequency. Both calcium sources activate a calcium-activated chloride current (CaCC), the blockade of which abolished the oscillation. The blocking of any of these three channels abolished the membrane resonance. Immunohistochemical staining indicated anoctamin 2 (ANO2), and not ANO1, as the CaCC source. Biophysical modeling showed that CaV1, CaV2.2, and ANO2 are sufficient to generate a membrane potential oscillation and membrane resonance, similar to that in LTS interneurons. LTS interneurons exhibit a membrane potential oscillation and membrane resonance that are both generated by CaV1 and CaV2.2 activating ANO2. They can spontaneously enter a state in which the membrane potential oscillation dominates the physiological properties of the neuron.

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12

Ponissery Saidu, Samsudeen, Aaron B. Stephan, Anna K. Talaga, Haiqing Zhao, and Johannes Reisert. "Channel properties of the splicing isoforms of the olfactory calcium-activated chloride channel Anoctamin 2." Journal of General Physiology 141, no. 6 (May 13, 2013): 691–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.201210937.

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Anoctamin (ANO)2 (or TMEM16B) forms a cell membrane Ca2+-activated Cl− channel that is present in cilia of olfactory receptor neurons, vomeronasal microvilli, and photoreceptor synaptic terminals. Alternative splicing of Ano2 transcripts generates multiple variants with the olfactory variants skipping exon 14 and having alternative splicing of exon 4. In the present study, 5′ rapid amplification of cDNA ends analysis was conducted to characterize the 5′ end of olfactory Ano2 transcripts, which showed that the most abundant Ano2 transcripts in the olfactory epithelium contain a novel starting exon that encodes a translation initiation site, whereas transcripts of the publically available sequence variant, which has an alternative and longer 5′ end, were present in lower abundance. With two alternative starting exons and alternative splicing of exon 4, four olfactory ANO2 isoforms are thus possible. Patch-clamp experiments in transfected HEK293T cells expressing these isoforms showed that N-terminal sequences affect Ca2+ sensitivity and that the exon 4–encoded sequence is required to form functional channels. Coexpression of the two predominant isoforms, one with and one without the exon 4 sequence, as well as coexpression of the two rarer isoforms showed alterations in channel properties, indicating that different isoforms interact with each other. Furthermore, channel properties observed from the coexpression of the predominant isoforms better recapitulated the native channel properties, suggesting that the native channel may be composed of two or more splicing isoforms acting as subunits that together shape the channel properties.

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13

Tsushima, Satoru, Ulf Wahlgren, and Ingmar Grenthe. "Quantum Chemical Calculations of Reduction Potentials of AnO22+/AnO2+(An = U, Np, Pu, Am) and Fe3+/Fe2+Couples." Journal of Physical Chemistry A 110, no. 29 (July 2006): 9175–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp062295u.

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14

Kaltsoyannis, Nikolas. "Covalency hinders AnO2(H2O)+ → AnO(OH)2+ isomerisation (An = Pa–Pu)." Dalton Transactions 45, no. 7 (2016): 3158–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5dt04317d.

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Computational analysis of the electronic structures of AnO₂(H₂O)⁺ (An = Pa–Pu) demonstrates that isomerisation to AnO(OH)₂⁺ is least favoured for the system with the most covalent An–O_yl bond.

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15

Bassolino-Klimas, Donna, Robert E. Bruccoleri, and Shankar Subramaniam. "Modeling the antigen combining site of an anti-dinitrophenyl antibody, ANO2." Protein Science 1, no. 11 (November 1992): 1465–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pro.5560011108.

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16

Li, Rong-Chang, Chih-Chun Lin, Xiaozhi Ren, Jingjing Sherry Wu, Laurie L. Molday, Robert S. Molday, and King-Wai Yau. "Ca2+-activated Cl current predominates in threshold response of mouse olfactory receptor neurons." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 21 (May 7, 2018): 5570–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1803443115.

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In mammalian olfactory transduction, odorants activate a cAMP-mediated signaling pathway that leads to the opening of cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG), nonselective cation channels and depolarization. The Ca2+ influx through open CNG channels triggers an inward current through Ca2+-activated Cl channels (ANO2), which is expected to produce signal amplification. However, a study on an Ano2−/− mouse line reported no elevation in the behavioral threshold of odorant detection compared with wild type (WT). Subsequent studies by others on the same Ano2−/− line, nonetheless, found subtle defects in olfactory behavior and some abnormal axonal projections from the olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) to the olfactory bulb. As such, the question regarding signal amplification by the Cl current in WT mouse remains unsettled. Recently, with suction-pipette recording, we have successfully separated in frog ORNs the CNG and Cl currents during olfactory transduction and found the Cl current to predominate in the response down to the threshold of action-potential signaling to the brain. For better comparison with the mouse data by others, we have now carried out similar current-separation experiments on mouse ORNs. We found that the Cl current clearly also predominated in the mouse olfactory response at signaling threshold, accounting for ∼80% of the response. In the absence of the Cl current, we expect the threshold stimulus to increase by approximately sevenfold.

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17

Hay, P. Jeffrey, Richard L. Martin, and Georg Schreckenbach. "Theoretical Studies of the Properties and Solution Chemistry of AnO22+and AnO2+Aquo Complexes for An = U, Np, and Pu." Journal of Physical Chemistry A 104, no. 26 (July 2000): 6259–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp000519h.

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18

Charushnikova, I. A., M. S. Grigor’ev, and A. M. Fedoseev. "Synthesis and crystal structure of An(VI) complexes with cyclobutanecarboxylic acid anions, [AnO2(C4H7COO)2(H2O)2] (An = U, Np) and [AnO2(C4H7COO)2(H2O)] (An = Np, Pu)." Radiochemistry 59, no. 5 (September 2017): 439–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1066362217050010.

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19

Grigoriev, V. V. "Calcium-activated chloride channels: structure, properties, role in physiological and pathological processes." Biomeditsinskaya Khimiya 67, no. 1 (January 2021): 17–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.18097/pbmc20216701017.

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Ca2+-activated chloride channels (CaCC) are a class of intracellular calcium activated chloride channels that mediate numerous physiological functions. In 2008, the molecular structure of CaCC was determined. CaCC are formed by the protein known as anoctamine 1 (ANO1 or TMEM16A). CaCC mediates the secretion of Cl– in secretory epithelia, such as the airways, salivary glands, intestines, renal tubules, and sweat glands. The presence of CaCC has also been recognized in the vascular muscles, smooth muscles of the respiratory tract, which control vascular tone and hypersensitivity of the respiratory tract. TMEM16A is activated in many cancers; it is believed that TMEM16A is involved in carcinogenesis. TMEM16A is also involved in cancer cells proliferation. The role of TMEM16A in the mechanisms of hypertension, asthma, cystic fibrosis, nociception, and dysfunction of the gastrointestinal tract has been determined. In addition to TMEM16A, its isoforms are involved in other physiological and pathophysiological processes. TMEM16B (or ANO2) is involved in the sense of smell, while ANO6 works like scramblase, and its mutation causes a rare bleeding disorder, known as Scott syndrome. ANO5 is associated with muscle and bone diseases. TMEM16A interacts with various cellular signaling pathways including: epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), calmodulin (CaM) kinases, transforming growth factor TGF-β. The review summarizes existing information on known natural and synthetic compounds that can block/modulate CaCC currents and their effect on some pathologies in which CaCC is involved.

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20

Wang, Ying, Tashrique Alam, Katherine Hill-Harfe, Alejandro J. Lopez, Chi K. Leung, Daniela Iribarne, Bradley Bruggeman, Michael M. Miyamoto, Brian D. Harfe, and Keith P. Choe. "Phylogenetic, expression, and functional analyses of anoctamin homologs in Caenorhabditis elegans." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 305, no. 11 (December 1, 2013): R1376—R1389. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00303.2012.

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Ca2+-activated Cl− channels (CaCCs) are critical to processes such as epithelial transport, membrane excitability, and signal transduction. Anoctamin, or TMEM16, is a family of 10 mammalian transmembrane proteins, 2 of which were recently shown to function as CaCCs. The functions of other family members have not been firmly established, and almost nothing is known about anoctamins in invertebrates. Therefore, we performed a phylogenetic analysis of anoctamins across the animal kingdom and examined the expression and function of anoctamins in the genetically tractable nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Phylogenetic analyses support five anoctamin clades that are at least as old as the deuterostome/protosome ancestor. This includes a branch containing two Drosophila paralogs that group with mammalian ANO1 and ANO2, the two best characterized CaCCs. We identify two anoctamins in C. elegans (ANOH-1 and ANOH-2) that are also present in basal metazoans. The anoh-1 promoter is active in amphid sensory neurons that detect external chemical and nociceptive cues. Within amphid neurons, ANOH-1::GFP fusion protein is enriched within sensory cilia. RNA interference silencing of anoh-1 reduced avoidance of steep osmotic gradients without disrupting amphid cilia development, chemotaxis, or withdrawal from noxious stimuli, suggesting that ANOH-1 functions in a sensory mode-specific manner. The anoh-2 promoter is active in mechanoreceptive neurons and the spermatheca, but loss of anoh-2 had no effect on motility or brood size. Our study indicates that at least five anoctamin duplicates are evolutionarily ancient and suggests that sensory signaling may be a basal function of the anoctamin protein family.

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21

Stephan, Aaron B., Eleen Y. Shum, Sarah Hirsh, Katherine D. Cygnar, Johannes Reisert, and Haiqing Zhao. "ANO2 is the cilial calcium-activated chloride channel that may mediate olfactory amplification." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 106, no. 28 (June 26, 2009): 11776–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0903304106.

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22

Rák, Zs, R. C. Ewing, and U. Becker. "Hydroxylation-induced surface stability of AnO2 (An=U, Np, Pu) from first-principles." Surface Science 608 (February 2013): 180–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.susc.2012.10.002.

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23

Wei, Wei, Kai Li, Lai-Cai Li, Fu-Wan Zhai, Rui Pan, and An-Mim Tian. "Theoretical Investigation on the Interactions of Isoamethyrins and AnO2 +/2+ (An=U, Pu)." ChemistrySelect 2, no. 26 (September 11, 2017): 8008–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/slct.201701688.

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24

Kovács, Attila, Peter Pogány, and Rudy J. M. Konings. "Theoretical Study of Bond Distances and Dissociation Energies of Actinide Oxides AnO and AnO2." Inorganic Chemistry 51, no. 8 (April 3, 2012): 4841–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic300275y.

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25

Tegner, Bengt E., and Nikolas Kaltsoyannis. "Multiple water layers on AnO2 {111}, {110}, and {100} surfaces (An = U, Pu): A computational study." Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A 36, no. 4 (July 2018): 041402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/1.5028210.

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26

Parmar, Payal, Kirk A. Peterson, and Aurora E. Clark. "Static electric dipole polarizabilities of An5+/6+ and AnO2+/2+ (An = U, Np, and Pu) ions." Journal of Chemical Physics 141, no. 23 (December 16, 2014): 234304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4903792.

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27

Leitzke, Sinje, Jana Seidel, Björn Ahrens, Rainer Schreiber, Karl Kunzelmann, Maria Sperrhacke, Sucharit Bhakdi, and Karina Reiss. "Influence of Anoctamin-4 and -9 on ADAM10 and ADAM17 Sheddase Function." Membranes 12, no. 2 (January 20, 2022): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes12020123.

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Ca2+-activated Cl− channels (TMEM16, also known as anoctamins) perform important functions in cell physiology, including modulation of cell proliferation and cancer growth. Many members, including TMEM16F/ANO6, additionally act as Ca2+-activated phospholipid scramblases. We recently presented evidence that ANO6-dependent surface exposure of phosphatidylserine (PS) is pivotal for the disintegrin-like metalloproteases ADAM10 and ADAM17 to exert their sheddase function. Here, we compared the influence of seven ANO family members (ANO1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, and 10) on ADAM sheddase activity. Similar to ANO6, overexpression of ANO4 and ANO9 led to increased release of ADAM10 and ADAM17 substrates, such as betacellulin, TGFα, and amphiregulin (AREG), upon ionophore stimulation in HEK cells. Inhibitor experiments indicated that ANO4/ANO9-mediated enhancement of TGFα-cleavage broadened the spectrum of participating metalloproteinases. Annexin V-staining demonstrated increased externalisation of PS in ANO4/ANO9-overexpressing cells. Competition experiments with the soluble PS-headgroup phosphorylserine indicated that the ANO4/ANO9 effects were due to increased PS exposure. Overexpression of ANO4 or ANO9 in human cervical cancer cells (HeLa), enhanced constitutive shedding of the growth factor AREG and increased cell proliferation. We conclude that ANO4 and ANO9, by virtue of their scramblase activity, may play a role as important regulators of ADAM-dependent cellular functions.

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28

Baumann, Viktoria, Karin Popa, Olaf Walter, Murielle Rivenet, Gérald Senentz, Bertrand Morel, and Rudy J. M. Konings. "Synthesis of Nanocrystalline PuO2 by Hydrothermal and Thermal Decomposition of Pu(IV) Oxalate: A Comparative Study." Nanomaterials 13, no. 2 (January 13, 2023): 340. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano13020340.

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In recent years, the hydrothermal conversion of actinide (IV) oxalates into nanometric actinide dioxides (AnO2) has begun to be investigated as an alternative to the widely implemented thermal decomposition method. We present here a comparison between the hydrothermal and the conventional thermal decomposition of Pu(IV) oxalate in terms of particle size, morphology and residual carbon content. A parametric study was carried out in order to define the temperature and time applied in the hydrothermal conversion of tetravalent Pu-oxalate into PuO2 and to optimize the reaction conditions.

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Charushnikova, I. A., N. N. Krot, I. N. Polyakova, and Z. A. Starikova. "Synthesis and crystal structure of new Np(VI) and Pu(VI) phthalates, Na4{AnO2[(OOC)2C6H4]3} · nH2O." Radiochemistry 49, no. 2 (April 2007): 117–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1066362207020038.

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Budantseva, N. A., M. S. Grigor’ev, A. G. Ivanova, and A. M. Fedoseev. "Synthesis and properties of actinide dimolybdate complexes M2[AnO2(MoO4)2]·H2O (M = Rb, Cs; An = Np, Pu)." Radiochemistry 58, no. 2 (March 2016): 107–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1066362216020016.

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Ivanova, A. G., N. A. Budantseva, and A. M. Fedoseev. "Synthesis, crystal structure, and properties of new actinide(VI) arsenates (H3O)[(AnO2)(AsO4)]·3H2O (An = U, Np, Pu)." Radiochemistry 59, no. 2 (March 2017): 119–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1066362217020035.

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Serezhkin, Viktor N., Mikhail S. Grigoriev, Aleksey R. Abdulmyanov, Aleksandr M. Fedoseev, Anton V. Savchenkov, and Larisa B. Serezhkina. "Synthesis and X-ray Crystallography of [Mg(H2O)6][AnO2(C2H5COO)3]2 (An = U, Np, or Pu)." Inorganic Chemistry 55, no. 15 (July 12, 2016): 7688–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b01154.

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Wang, Gaoxue, Enrique R. Batista, and Ping Yang. "Excess Electrons on Reduced AnO2 (111) Surfaces (An = Th, U, Pu) and Their Impacts on Catalytic Water Splitting." Journal of Physical Chemistry C 123, no. 50 (October 4, 2019): 30245–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b06543.

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34

Popa, Karin, Olaf Walter, Oliver Dieste Blanco, Antony Guiot, Daniel Bouëxière, Jean-Yves Colle, Laura Martel, Mohamed Naji, and Dario Manara. "A low-temperature synthesis method for AnO2 nanocrystals (An = Th, U, Np, and Pu) and associate solid solutions." CrystEngComm 20, no. 32 (2018): 4614–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ce00446c.

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35

Walter, Olaf, Karin Popa, and Oliver Dieste Blanco. "Hydrothermal decomposition of actinide(IV) oxalates: a new aqueous route towards reactive actinide oxide nanocrystals." Open Chemistry 14, no. 1 (January 1, 2016): 170–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/chem-2016-0018.

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AbstractThe hydrothermal decomposition of actinide(IV) oxalates (An= Th, U, Pu) at temperatures between 95 and 250 °C is shown to lead to the production of highly crystalline, reactive actinide oxide nanocrystals (NCs). This aqueous process proved to be quantitative, reproducible and fast (depending on temperature). The NCs obtained were characterised by X-ray diffraction and TEM showing their size to be smaller than 15 nm. Attempts to extend this general approach towards transition metal or lanthanide oxalates failed in the 95–250 °C temperature range. The hydrothermal decomposition of actinide oxalates is therefore a clean, flexible and powerful approach towards NCs of AnO2 with possible scale-up potential.

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Den Auwer, C., R. Revel, M. C. Charbonnel, M. T. Presson, S. D. Conradson, E. Simoni, J. F. Le Du, and C. Madic. "Actinide coordination sphere in various U, Np and Pu nitrato coordination complexes." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 6, no. 2 (March 1, 1999): 101–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0909049599000308.

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Waste management of nuclear fuel represents one of the major environmental concerns of the decade. To recycle fissile valuable materials, intimate knowledge of complexation mechanisms involved in the solvent extraction processes is indispensable. Evolution of the actinide coordination sphere of AnO2(NO3)2TBP-type complexes (An = U, Np, Pu; TBP = tributylphosphate) with the actinide valence state have been probed by XAS at the metal L III edge. Dramatic changes in the actinide coordination sphere appeared when the An(VI) metal is reduced to An(IV). However, no significant evolution in the actinide environment has been noticed across the series UO2 2+, NpO2 2+ and PuO2 2+.

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37

Bender, Will M., and Udo Becker. "Resolving the kinetics of individual aqueous reaction steps of actinyl (AnO2+ and AnO22+; An=U, Np, and Pu) tricarbonate complexes with ferrous iron and hydrogen sulfide from first principles." Radiochimica Acta 108, no. 3 (March 26, 2020): 165–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ract-2018-3083.

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AbstractThe solubility and mobility of actinides (An), like uranium, neptunium, and plutonium, in the environment largely depends on their oxidation states. Actinyls (AnV,VIO2+/2+(aq)) form strong complexes with available ligands, like carbonate (CO32−), which may inhibit reduction to relatively insoluble AnIVO2(s). Here we use quantum-mechanical calculations to explore the kinetics of aqueous homogeneous reaction paths of actinyl tricarbonate complexes ([AnO2(CO3)3]5−/4−) with two different reductants, [Fe(OH)2(H2O)4]0 and [H2S(H2O)6]0. Energetically-favorable outer-sphere complexes (OSC) are found to form rapidly, on the order of milliseconds to seconds over a wide actinyl concentration range (pM to mM). The systems then encounter energy barriers (Ea), some of which are prohibitively high (>100 kJ/mol for some neptunyl and plutonyl reactions with Fe2+ and H2S), that define the transition from outer- to inner-sphere complex (ISC; for example, calculated Ea of ISC formation between UO2+ and UO22+ with Fe2+ are 35 and 74 kJ/mol, respectively). In some reactions, multiple OSCs are observed that represent different hydrogen bonding networks between solvent molecules and carbonate. Even when forming ISCs, electron transfer to reduce An6+ and An5+ is not observed (no change in atomic spin values or lengthening of An–Oax bond distances). Proton transfer from bicarbonate and water to actinyl O was tested as a mechanism for electron transfer from Fe2+ to U6+ and Pu6+. Not all proton transfer reactions yielded reduction of An6+ to An5+ and only a few pathways were energetically-favorable (e. g. H+ transfer from H2O to drive Pu6+ reduction to Pu5+ with ΔE = −5 kJ/mol). The results suggest that the tricarbonate complex serves as an effective shield against actinide reduction in the tested reactions and will maintain actinyl solubility at elevated pH conditions. The results highlight reaction steps, such as inner-sphere complex formation and electron transfer, which may be rate-limiting. Thus, this study may serve as the basis for future research on how they can be catalyzed by a mineral surface in a heterogeneous process.

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Krot, N. N., I. A. Charushnikova, M. S. Grigor’ev, A. A. Bessonov, and I. N. Polyakova. "Crystal structure of new complexes of Np(V) and Pu(V) propionates with 2,2’-bipyridine, [AnO2(C10H8N2)(OOCC2H5)(H2O)]." Radiochemistry 52, no. 1 (February 2010): 12–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1066362210010030.

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Tegner, Bengt E., Marco Molinari, Andrew Kerridge, Stephen C. Parker, and Nikolas Kaltsoyannis. "Water Adsorption on AnO2 {111}, {110}, and {100} Surfaces (An = U and Pu): A Density Functional Theory + U Study." Journal of Physical Chemistry C 121, no. 3 (January 11, 2017): 1675–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b10986.

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Liu, Jian-Biao, Guo P. Chen, Wei Huang, David L. Clark, W. H. Eugen Schwarz, and Jun Li. "Bonding trends across the series of tricarbonato-actinyl anions [(AnO2)(CO3)3]4− (An = U–Cm): the plutonium turn." Dalton Transactions 46, no. 8 (2017): 2542–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6dt03953g.

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41

Kunzelmann, Karl, Jiraporn Ousingsawat, Roberta Benedetto, Ines Cabrita, and Rainer Schreiber. "Contribution of Anoctamins to Cell Survival and Cell Death." Cancers 11, no. 3 (March 19, 2019): 382. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers11030382.

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Before anoctamins (TMEM16 proteins) were identified as a family of Ca2+-activated chloride channels and phospholipid scramblases, the founding member anoctamin 1 (ANO1, TMEM16A) was known as DOG1, a marker protein for gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST). Meanwhile, ANO1 has been examined in more detail, and the role of ANO1 in cell proliferation and the development of different types of malignomas is now well established. While ANO5, ANO7, and ANO9 may also be relevant for growth of cancers, evidence has been provided for a role of ANO6 (TMEM16F) in regulated cell death. The cellular mechanisms by which anoctamins control cell proliferation and cell death, respectively, are just emerging; however, the pronounced effects of anoctamins on intracellular Ca2+ levels are likely to play a significant role. Recent results suggest that some anoctamins control membrane exocytosis by setting Ca2+i levels near the plasma membrane, and/or by controlling the intracellular Cl− concentration. Exocytosis and increased membrane trafficking induced by ANO1 and ANO6 may enhance membrane expression of other chloride channels, such as CFTR and volume activated chloride channels (VRAC). Notably, ANO6-induced phospholipid scrambling with exposure of phosphatidylserine is pivotal for the sheddase function of disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM). This may support cell death and tumorigenic activity of IL-6 by inducing IL-6 trans-signaling. The reported anticancer effects of the anthelminthic drug niclosamide are probably related to the potent inhibitory effect on ANO1, apart from inducing cell cycle arrest through the Let-7d/CDC34 axis. On the contrary, pronounced activation of ANO6 due to a large increase in intracellular calcium, activation of phospholipase A2 or lipid peroxidation, can lead to ferroptotic death of cancer cells. It therefore appears reasonable to search for both inhibitors and potent activators of TMEM16 in order to interfere with cancer growth and metastasis.

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42

Jeon, Dongkyu, Kunhi Ryu, Sungwoo Jo, Ikyon Kim, and Wan Namkung. "VI-116, A Novel Potent Inhibitor of VRAC with Minimal Effect on ANO1." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 9 (May 5, 2022): 5168. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23095168.

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Volume-regulated anion channel (VRAC) is ubiquitously expressed and plays a pivotal role in vertebrate cell volume regulation. A heterologous complex of leucine-rich repeat containing 8A (LRRC8A) and LRRC8B-E constitutes the VRAC, which is involved in various processes such as cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, intercellular communication, and apoptosis. However, the lack of a potent and selective inhibitor of VRAC limits VRAC-related physiological and pathophysiological studies, and most previous VRAC inhibitors strongly blocked the calcium-activated chloride channel, anoctamin 1 (ANO1). In the present study, we performed a cell-based screening for the identification of potent and selective VRAC inhibitors. Screening of 55,000 drug-like small-molecules and subsequent chemical modification revealed 3,3′-((2-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)methylene)bis(4-hydroxy-2H-chromen-2-one) (VI-116), a novel potent inhibitor of VRAC. VI-116 fully inhibited VRAC-mediated I− quenching with an IC50 of 1.27 ± 0.18 μM in LN215 cells and potently blocked endogenous VRAC activity in PC3, HT29 and HeLa cells in a dose-dependent manner. Notably, VI-116 had no effect on intracellular calcium signaling up to 10 μM, which completely inhibited VRAC, and showed high selectivity for VRAC compared to ANO1 and ANO2. However, DCPIB, a VRAC inhibitor, significantly affected ATP-induced increases in intracellular calcium levels and Eact-induced ANO1 activation. In addition, VI-116 showed minimal effect on hERG K+ channel activity up to 10 μM. These results indicate that VI-116 is a potent and selective VRAC inhibitor and a useful research tool for pharmacological dissection of VRAC.

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Hu, Shu-Xian, Wan-Lu Li, Liang Dong, John K. Gibson, and Jun Li. "Crown ether complexes of actinyls: a computational assessment of AnO2(15-crown-5)2+ (An = U, Np, Pu, Am, Cm)." Dalton Transactions 46, no. 36 (2017): 12354–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7dt02825c.

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Charushnikova, I. A., M. S. Grigor’ev, and N. N. Krot. "Synthesis and crystal structure of new U(VI) and Np(VI) benzoates, K11(AnO2)23(OOCC6H5)57(H2O)18+x." Radiochemistry 52, no. 2 (April 2010): 138–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1066362210020049.

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45

Budantseva, N. A., M. S. Grigor’ev, V. I. Mishkevich, and A. M. Fedoseev. "Synthesis and properties of complexes of hexavalent actinides with dimethyl sulfoxide [AnO2(DMSO)5](ClO4)2 (An = U, Np, Pu)." Radiochemistry 53, no. 6 (December 2011): 576–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1066362211060026.

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46

Ivanova, A. G., M. S. Grigor’ev, and A. M. Fedoseev. "Synthesis and Structure of Mixed Cromate–Nitrate Complexes of Hexavalent Actinides, [(CH3)4N][(AnO2)(CrO4)(NO3)] (An = U, Np, Pu)." Radiochemistry 60, no. 2 (March 2018): 148–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1066362218020030.

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47

Autillo, Matthieu, and Richard E. Wilson. "Molecular Hydroxo-Bridged Dimers of Uranium(VI), Neptunium(VI), and Plutonium(VI): [Me4N]2[(AnO2)2(OH)2(NO3)4]." Inorganic Chemistry 58, no. 5 (February 12, 2019): 3203–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b03304.

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48

Wellington, Joseph P. W., Bengt E. Tegner, Jonathan Collard, Andrew Kerridge, and Nikolas Kaltsoyannis. "Oxygen Vacancy Formation and Water Adsorption on Reduced AnO2{111}, {110}, and {100} Surfaces (An = U, Pu): A Computational Study." Journal of Physical Chemistry C 122, no. 13 (March 7, 2018): 7149–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.7b11512.

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49

Sant´Anna, Clemax. "Five Years: A New Year’s Eve." Residência Pediátrica 6, no. 3 (December 2016): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.25060/residpediatr-2016.v6n3-01.

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50

Romanchuk, Anna, Alexander Trigub, Tatiana Plakhova, Anastasiia Kuzenkova, Roman Svetogorov, Kristina Kvashnina, and Stepan Kalmykov. "Effective coordination numbers from EXAFS: general approaches for lanthanide and actinide dioxides." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 29, no. 2 (January 27, 2022): 288–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s160057752101300x.

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Extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) is a comprehensive and usable method for characterizing the structures of various materials, including radioactive and nuclear materials. Unceasing discussions about the interpretation of EXAFS results for actinide nanoparticles (NPs) or colloids were still present during the last decade. In this study, new experimental data for PuO2 and CeO2 NPs with different average sizes were compared with published data on AnO2 NPs that highlight the best fit and interpretation of the structural data. In terms of the structure, PuO2, CeO2, ThO2, and UO2 NPs exhibit similar behaviors. Only ThO2 NPs have a more disordered and even partly amorphous structure, which results in EXAFS characteristics. The proposed new core-shell model for NPs with calculated effective coordination number perfectly fits the results of the variations in a metal–metal shell with a decrease in NP size.

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