Academic literature on the topic 'ANNUITY PAYMENT'
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Journal articles on the topic "ANNUITY PAYMENT"
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Jones, Riley, and Adriana Ocejo. "Assessing Guaranteed Minimum Income Benefits and Rationality of Exercising Reset Options in Variable Annuities." International Journal of Statistics and Probability 8, no. 5 (August 6, 2019): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijsp.v8n5p13.
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A variable annuity is an equity-linked financial product typically offered by insurance companies. The policyholder makes an upfront payment to the insurance company and, in return, the insurer is required to make a series of payments starting at an agreed upon date. For a higher premium, many insurance companies offer additional guarantees or options which protect policyholders from various market risks. This research is centered around two of these options: the guaranteed minimum income benefit (GMIB) and the reset option. The sensitivity of various parameters on the value of the GMIB is explored, particularly the guaranteed payment rate set by the insurer. Additionally, a critical value for future interest rates is calculated to determine the rationality of exercising the reset option. This will be able to provide insight to both the policyholder and policy writer on how their future projections on the performance of the stock market and interest rates should guide their respective actions of exercising and pricing variable annuity options. This can help provide details into the value of adding options to a variable annuity for companies that are looking to make variable annuity policies more attractive in a competitive market.
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Крчмар, Миливој. "Модели амортизације зајма исподгодишњим варијабилним ануитетима // Models of loan amortization under annual variable annuities." ACTA ECONOMICA 11, no. 19 (July 11, 2013): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.7251/ace1319067k.
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РезимеУ овом раду презентовани су модели амортзације зајма исподгодишњим варијабилним ануитетима уз фиксну каматну стопу. Овде се разматрају два модела:а)ануитети током године су једнаки, а сваке сљедеће већи (мањи) у односу на претходну годину за q пута и б)ануитети се мијењају циклично, гдје се полази од претпоставке да су исподгодишњи ануитети у току првих k година по а1, у току наредних k година по a1q,..., у току посљедњих k година по a1qs-1 новчаних јединица, гдје је s број циклуса (серија) у току n година. За сваки модел амортизације зајма приказана су три начина обрачуна и плаћања камате: a)камата се обрачунава и плаћа годишње на бази релативне каматне стопе, b)камата се обрачунава и плаћа у исподгдишњим интервалима на бази конформне каматне стопе и c)камата се обрачунава и плаћа у исподгодишњим интервалима на бази релативне каматне стопе.Summary: This paper presents models of annuity which either increase or decrease a fixed factor q and which are paid m times in year. The payments (annuity) increase (decrease) in such a way thata)each payment in the year is equal but each payment in the next year is q times than the payment in previous years andb)each payment in the k years is equal but each payment in the next k years is q times than the payment in previous k years.
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Ryan, Raymond. "The anti-annuity payment campaign, 1934–6." Irish Historical Studies 34, no. 135 (May 2005): 306–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021121400004491.
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The retention by the Fianna Fáil government of the land annuities in 1932 and the consequent trade dispute with Great Britain, the ‘economic war’, is a subject extensively covered in the existing historiography, both in terms of the diplomatic and economic facets of the dispute. Opposition by the opponents of Fianna Fáil to the collection of land annuities has been well documented in the context of the political conflict between supporters and opponents of the treaty. Another trend in the historiography has emphasised, as the central characteristic of the anti-annuity payment campaign, the opposition by farmers to the payment of annuities on economic and social rather than on political grounds. Paul Bew and others have argued that large farmers supported the Blueshirts during the ‘economic war’ for material reasons; Mike Cronin has argued that the crisis of the ‘economic war’ encouraged opposition to de Valera’s policies among farmers, rather than pro-Treaty political considerations; and Andrew Orridge has also argued that the anti-annuity payment campaign included both a political element, in the form of Blueshirt hostility to Fianna Fáil, and a non-political element, on the part of farmers protesting at how their dependence on agricultural exports to Britain was threatened by Fianna Fáil policies.
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CHUDNOVETS, Aleksei Yu, and Sodnom B. BAINOV. "Conditional optimization of mortgage loan parameters." Economic Analysis: Theory and Practice 20, no. 3 (March 30, 2021): 577–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.24891/ea.20.3.577.
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Subject. In the article, we calculate the period of a borrowing, in which the interest burden and monthly payments are minimal. Objectives. The aim is to create an algorithm to optimize the term of the mortgage loan, taking into account the amount of debt and interest rate of the loan. Methods. The study employs methods to analyze the formula of annuity payments of a mortgage loan, and to model the final optimization algorithm. Results. We developed an algorithm, to determine the optimal term of the loan, using the certain loan amount and interest rate. The study considers the case for banks, operating in Krasnoyarsk. Conclusions. The paper considers two parameters of a mortgage loan, i.e. the interest burden and the monthly payment, which is calculated, according to the annuity formula. Both parameters depend on the loan amount, the interest rate, and the period of the loan. However, the interest rate is set by the bank, so the only parameter that the borrower can change is the period of payment. By changing the term to maturity, it is possible to have a loan with minimum payments and interest burden. For the purpose of optimization, we consider both parameters simultaneously. Taking into account their versatile nature, we consider the optimal time, when payments and interest burden are minimized. The paper also reviews the case of optimization of credit parameters for construction enterprises of the Krasnoyarsk Krai, in various banks.
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Pushkarskaya, Helen, and Maria I. Marshall. "Lump Sum versus Annuity: Choices of Kentucky Farmers during the Tobacco Buyout Program." Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 41, no. 3 (December 2009): 613–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1074070800003102.
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Our study uses the data collected during the implementation of the tobacco buyout program in Kentucky to evaluate how rural households, diverse in income, age, family structure, location, education level, and other characteristics, made a choice between annuities and a lump-sum payment. Subjects in our field experiment did not have to retire or change their employment, as did subjects in many field studies of the choice between annuities and lump-sum payments, which allowed us to evaluate the relationship between the option choice and a decision whether to exit the tobacco market. Our results suggest that while discounted utility theory gives acceptable predictions of the farmers' behavior, other factors have to be taken into consideration. First, there are consistent biases that describe individual intertemporal behavior, such as availability bias or acquiescence bias. Second, there is a certain degree of heterogeneity in individual intertemporal preferences that correlates with their personal characteristics, such as education and production status. Third, our analysis revealed that the decision to exit the tobacco market positively correlated with the decision to take a lump-sum payment.
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Bosnjak, Marinko. "The public debt of the Republic of Serbia: The current situation and perspectives." Ekonomski anali 50, no. 164 (2005): 119–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/eka0564119b.
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The paper deals with the internal and external debt situation of the Republic of Serbia based on the data relating to 2000 and 2004, issued by the Ministry of Finance, as well as the basic macroeconomic assumptions for the regular servicing of debts. The general results of this research indicate that the key institutional assumptions for the strengthening of annuity payment ability are consistent reforms and economic policies, and the key economic assumptions for debt repayment are economics growth, stability and reduction in the volume and changing the structure of government consumption. Investment and export growth which provides for growth in gross domestic product and income in foreign currency, which should be sufficient for debts repayment in the next five years, expressed in time periods as well as annuity payments per year, are the key significance for servicing of debts. Increase in economy efficiency, as well as the efficient use of resources obtained by credit facilities, are guaranties of maintaining the balance between volume and repayment capabilities of debts.
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Niu, Gao, Jeyaraj Vadiveloo, and Cary Lakenbach. "A Financial Protection Strategy for Families That Have a Child With Down Syndrome." Journal of Financial Counseling and Planning 29, no. 1 (June 2018): 91–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1052-3073.29.1.91.
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Families that have a child with Down syndrome (DS) are facing financial challenges due to the increased life expectancy and daily life dependencies that he or she experiences. This article uses pediatric findings to supplement child mortality impairment assumptions and proposes a combination annuity pricing model to explore an annuity solution for families that have a child with DS. A Markov chain Monte Carlo simulation model is constructed with features such as a fixed death benefit, return of premium, different premium payment patterns, and the widowhood effect factor. The results indicate that such a product is generally affordable for families that have a child with DS to cover their child’s longevity risk and increased dependency needs.
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Warner, John T., and Saul Pleeter. "The Personal Discount Rate: Evidence from Military Downsizing Programs." American Economic Review 91, no. 1 (March 1, 2001): 33–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.91.1.33.
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The military drawdown program of the early 1990's provides an opportunity to obtain estimates of personal discount rates based on large numbers of people making real choices involving large sums. The program offered over 65,000 separatees the choice between an annuity and a lump-sum payment. Despite break-even discount rates exceeding 17 percent, most of the separatees selected the lump sum—saving taxpayers $1.7 billion in separation costs. Estimates of discount rates range from 0 to over 30 percent and vary with education, age, race, sex, number of dependents, ability test score, and the size of payment. (JEL D91)
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Eroglu, Abdullah, and Harun Ozturk. "New mathematical annuity models in a skip payment loan with rhythmic skips." Engineering Economist 61, no. 1 (January 2, 2016): 70–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0013791x.2015.1095382.
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Onikiienko, Serhii, Mykhailo Dyba, and Iuliia Gernego. "Econometric modelling of bank activities: value-based approach to the problem loans terms’ rescheduling." SHS Web of Conferences 107 (2021): 09002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202110709002.
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The permanent state of the financial crisis has predictably brought to the forefront such traditional problem of banking as problem loans. This research aims to work out an econometric approach to the solution of the problem of loans terms’ rescheduling. For this purpose, we, firstly, treated credit as a bank’s investment project with cashflows’ chart including initial outflow (principal) and following inflows represented by loan payments. Secondly, we combined the schematic representation of loan’s cashflows with NPV formula accustomed to loan’s cashflows and it allowed to create the econometric models for three types of loan: classic, annuity, serial. Thirdly, for the case when borrower breaks a loan’s payment schedule and it leads to the reduction of loan’s NPV and loss of the wealth of bank’s shareholders, respectively, we outlined special compensative models of cashflows where default in payment is interpreted by the lender as an additional forced loan. We suggested modifying the loan terms (interest rate or effective period of the loan agreement) for the rest of payment periods. Fourthly, we laid the special compensative models of forced loans’ cashflows a top corresponded initial cashflows of loans and this has made it possible to get formulas calculating the modified interest rate and the additional number of loans’ payment periods with the aid of backward calculation. As a result, we developed the econometric models of the loan terms’ modifications based on the prolongation of the initial credit period and the increasing of the initial interest rate.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "ANNUITY PAYMENT"
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Мухамедьянова, М. А., and M. A. Mukhamedyanova. "Совершенствование ипотечного кредитования на примере ПАО «СКБ-банк» : магистерская диссертация." Master's thesis, б. и, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10995/99982.
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Магистерская диссертация посвящена вопросам совершенствования ипотечного кредитования. Целью исследования является выявление проблем ипотечного кредитования в России и поиск возможностей для совершенствования ипотечных продуктов. Также в работе проведен обзор ипотечных программ ряда банков и представлен корреляционно-регрессионный анализ зависимости показателей ипотечного рынка от социально-экономических факторов. В качестве научной новизны предложено и обосновано внедрение ипотечного продукта с комбинированным методом уплаты процентов, который позволяет повысить привлекательность ипотечного кредитования для граждан.The master's thesis is devoted to the improvement of mortgage lending. The purpose of the study is to identify the problems of mortgage lending in Russia and to search for opportunities to improve mortgage products. The paper also reviews mortgage programs of a number of banks and presents a correlation and regression analysis of the dependence of mortgage market indicators on socio-economic factors. As a scientific novelty, the introduction of effective mortgage product with a combined method of paying interest is proposed and justified.
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Kračmarová, Monika. "Rekalkulace splátek leasingové smlouvy." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2007. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-221429.
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This Diploma Work focuses on re-calculation of payments of leasing contracts concluded by D.S.Leasing, a.s. The data gained as an output of a thorough analysis are processed in MS Excel, creating a new re-calculation tool able to bring practical solution to individual modification of payments of a leasing contract.
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Liu, Chih Hsiung, and 劉志雄. "Labor Pension-the Choice between Lump Sum Payment and Annuity Payment." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/45504970950453403895.
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碩士國立政治大學
行政管理碩士學程
97
Abstract In 1993, Taiwan entered the state of aging society. By the end of 2007, the elderly population above the age of 65 years accounted for 10.2% of the total population. The 2007 life table of the Taiwan-Fukien Area gave the life expectancy of 75.46 years for males and 81.72 years for females, averaging 78.36 years for both sexes. How to assure the laborers to live happily in their old age for an average of 18 some more years after retirement without job and incomes in an aged and fewer-children society has become an important issue. To realize the care system for the elderly, and to improve the rights and interests of the laborers after retirement, work has been done to enact the Labor Pension Act and the National Pension Act, and amend the Labor Insurance Act. The Labor Insurance Old-Age Pension system will be implemented in January 2009. The Labor Insurance has been in operation for more than 50 years. Many elderly laborers are eligible to or about to be eligible to the old-age payment. In line with the traditional concept of “safer to have cash in pocket”, and taking in mind the rights and interests of the laborers and the stability of the system, the old-age pension system will have concurrently either the “one-time payment under the current system” and the “monthly pension” system in practice. The retirees will have the choice of either the current system or the new system. The present study uses three variables in the choice of the old-age pension system to simulate the ideal choice and make recommendations under various combinations of variables to help laborers about to retire correctly understand the pros and cons of the two different payment systems and thus to make correct choice, and to assure the quality of their retirement life. The study recommends that, for the future amendments of regulations, more alternative systems for choice for old-age payment and more conditions for the national pension system be made available. Key words: Labor Insurance, National Pension, Labor Pension Act, Labor Standards Act
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Chung, Kui-Lin, and 鍾桂林. "A Research on the Establishment of Annuity Payment System for the Taiwanese Retired Labor." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/02752012233076449784.
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碩士育達商業技術學院
企業管理所
97
"Bring up their children for old age" has been viewed as an investment to sustain the elderly since ancient China. However, the competition resulting from the industrial society and the recession in recent years due to the world's sluggish economy, have caused companies to make layoffs and wage reductions. At this time the children will face tremendous pressures when asked to be responsible for all living expenses of their parents! In view of this, this study aims to develop a framework for the future retired people to have self-care methods. It integrates the corporate insurance, government's social welfare and traditional filial piety. In applying the framework, Taiwanese workers after retirement will receive payment of filial piety from their children and the government annuity, so that their life after retirement will be more secure and dignified, leading to an ideal world for the elderly.
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Lu, Ming-Chu, and 盧明珠. "The Study of the Effect of New Retirement and Survivor Payment System on Purchase Intention of Commercial Annuity Insurance." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/scjtc3.
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碩士銘傳大學
風險管理與保險學系碩士在職專班
104
In order to properly deal with the problems due to rapid population aging, long-term low premium income, potential debt pressure problems, the government is trying to modify the pension system. What should professional soldiers plan their source of finance after retirement? Are they willing to buy commercial annuity insurance to satisfy their pension? These questions are the main discussion of this study. Based on the theory of consumer behavior, the goal of this study is to investigate whether professional soldiers’ purchasing behavior will be affected by the cognition of New Retirement and Survivor Payment System, the demand of pension, the cognition of commercial annuity and the population variables. This research mainly penetrates the questionnaire survey of professional soldiers in the northern area. A sample of 253 respondents took part in this study. The sample was analyzed by SPSS as a test model and hypothesis, including Validity, Reliability, Pearson Coefficient Correlation, Contingency tables. The empirical results support the following conclusions. i.The more cognition of New Retirement and Survivor Payment System professional soldiers have, the more purchase intention towards annuity insurance they have. ii.The more annuity product cognition professional soldiers have, the more purchase intention towards annuity insurance they have. iii.The more seniority professional soldiers have, the more purchase intention towards annuity insurance they have.
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Chen, Jia-Yu, and 陳家郁. "A Study on useing commercial Annuity payments of long-term care expenses." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/53648813948222498949.
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碩士朝陽科技大學
保險金融管理系碩士班
99
As elderly population increases gradually by years, and the type of deceases changes, Taiwan has already became a aging society, therefore,the long term care of elderly population has became a social problem.Since the price of business long-term care insurance in market nowadays is high and unaffordable for most people, while Taiwan at present onlysupport a small portion of long-term care by social aid and National Health Insurance program (NHI). Function of the family can afford to take care of the growing potential of micro, in the past to take care of elderly parents by the children, the situation has changed, or to institutional care, care of employing foreign care, maintenance and future care costs for the elderly will become a heavy burden on society and the family. To deal with the mass need of long-term care in future, it is not enough, therefore, Taiwan should build a complete long-term care system as soon as possible. In this study, questionnaires were also analyzed to understand public perception of the difference between long-term care situation. Further explore the public for the purchase of the views of commercial annuity purchase annuity business may need long-term care in the future when sufficient funds have a sum sufficient to cover the enormous costs of long-term care, if ways can be combined through this annuity the insurance business to relieve some of the long-term future Care of the financial resources pressure, to facilitate the government and the general public can reduce the burden of financial resources. On the other hand, purchase of commercial pension insurance can protect the quality of life after retirement and financial resources required.
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Chen, Hui-Ling, and 陳惠玲. "A Study of Using Commercial Annuity Insurance Payments to Health Village Expenses." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/32190357988846442065.
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碩士朝陽科技大學
保險金融管理系碩士班
100
Affectedly by the increasing population of elders, and change of the formation of family structure, Taiwan has been slowly becoming an aging society with fewer children. Health Village becomes an important issue of household economy and social development. Due to social configuration and family structure transition, it changes the notion of retirement plans for senior citizens. With increased need of autonomy and independence, it creates a hot-trend of entering the market of Health Village, it also carries an analysis of general public’s understanding of differences toward the Health Village. This study conducted survey-type of method, took an in-depth discussion of general public’s opinion on purchasing commercial annuity insurance, total of 330 surveys with 291 available copies in return. Using independent T-test module, ANOVA analysis, Scheffe and other methods to analyze changes in population compiled statistic and how they affect cognition of the Health Village and senior citizen retire plans. The results showed, interviewees who has higher notion of the Health Village volition are more likely to purchase commercial annuity insurance, the willingness of moving in the Health Village can also be raised. Eventually this survey can provide as reference information to government agencies and insurance companies.
Books on the topic "ANNUITY PAYMENT"
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Amending Chapter 84 of Title 5, United States Code, to provide that certain federal annuity computations are adjusted by 1 percentage point relating to periods of receiving disability payments, and for other purposes: Report of the Committee on Governmental Affairs, United States Senate to accompany S. 481 amending Chapter 84 of Title 5, United States Code, to provide that certain federal annuity computations are adjusted by 1 percentage point relating to periods of receiving disability payments, and for other purposes. Washington, D.C: U.S. G.P.O., 2003.
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United States. Office of Personnel Management. Retirement Programs., ed. Medical exemption may permit you to elect the alternative form of annuity and lump sum payment equal to your retirement contributions. Boyers, PA: U.S. Office of Personnel Management, Retirement Programs, 1991.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "ANNUITY PAYMENT"
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Miguel Ventura Bravo, Jorge. "Addressing the Pension Decumulation Phase of Employee Retirement Planning." In Who Wants to Retire and Who Can Afford to Retire? IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.90807.
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Longevity increases and population ageing create challenges for all societal institutions, particularly those providing retirement income, healthcare, and long-term care services. At the individual level, an obvious question is how to ensure all retirees have an adequate, secure, stable, and predictable lifelong income stream that will allow them to maintain a target standard of living for, however, long the individual lives. In this chapter, we review and discuss the main pension decumulation options by explicitly modelling consumers’ behaviour and objectives though an objective function based on utility theory accounting for consumption and bequest motives and different risk preferences. Using a Monte-Carlo simulation approach calibrated to US financial market and mortality data, our results suggest that purchasing a capped participating longevity-linked life annuity at retirement including embedded longevity and financial options that allow the annuity provider to periodically revise annuity payments if observed survivorship and portfolio outcomes deviate from expected (or guaranteed) values at contract initiation deliver superior welfare results when compared with classical annuitization and non-annuitization decumulation strategies.
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Razumov, Aleksandr Aleksandrovich, Dmitrij Nikolaevich Ermakov, and Galina Vladimirovna Surkova. "Pension insurance in Russia and in the modern world: trends and prospects." In Развитие науки и образования, 155–65. Publishing house Sreda, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31483/r-11250.
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The article analyzes the main aspects of economic efficiency of annuity assurance policy in Russia. The general trends in the development of pension systems in the countries of the West, the difference between Russia and the West in this aspect are revealed. The author offers to make the pension system of Russia more socially just and close to the ideas of the Constitution of the Russian Federation. The linkage of pension payments to the interest rate is seen as an ineffective and dangerous approach in modern Russian conditions to the organization of pension provision for the population, for which there is a negative Western experience. The purpose of this article is to designate the most suitable way for Russia to develop the pension reform within the framework of the review of the study of problems of increasing the efficiency of the pension system in Russia.