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Academic literature on the topic 'Annelids'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 14 December 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Annelids"

McHugh, Damhnait. "Molecular phylogeny of the Annelida." Canadian Journal of Zoology 78, no. 11 (November 1, 2000): 1873–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z00-141.

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Traditionally, the Annelida has been classified as a group comprising the Polychaeta and the Clitellata. Recent phylogenetic analyses have led to profound changes in the view that the Annelida, as traditionally formulated, is a natural, monophyletic group. Both molecular and morphological analyses support placement of the Siboglinidae (formerly the Pogonophora) as a derived group within the Annelida; there is also evidence, based on molecular analysis of the nuclear gene elongation factor-1α, that the unsegmented echiurids are derived annelids. While monophyly of the Clitellata is well-supported by both molecular and morphological analyses, there is no molecular evidence to support monophyly of the polychaete annelids; the Clitellata fall within a paraphyletic polychaete grade. Relationships among groups of polychaete annelids have not yet been resolved by molecular analysis. Within the Clitellata, paraphyly of the Oligochaeta was indicated in a phylogenetic analysis of cytochrome c oxidase I, which supported a sister relationship between the leeches, including an acanthobdellid and a branchiobdellid, and two of the four oligochaetes in the analysis. There is some evidence from analysis of 18S rRNA sequences for a sister-group relationship between the clitellates and the taxon Aeolosoma. There is no agreement regarding the body form of the basal annelid, and while molecular analyses provide strong support for the Eutrochozoa, the identity of sister-group to the Annelida among the Eutrochozoa remains enigmatic. It is recommended that future investigations include additional conserved gene sequences and expanded taxon sampling. It is likely that the most productive approach to resolving annelid phylogeny, and thus increasing our understanding of annelid evolution, will come from combined analyses of several gene sequences.

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ROUSE, GREG W., and FREDRIK PLEIJEL. "Annelida*." Zootaxa 1668, no. 1 (December 21, 2007): 245–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1668.1.13.

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The first annelids were formally described by Linnaeus (1758) and we here briefly review the history and composition of the group. The traditionally recognized classes were Polychaeta, Oligochaeta and Hirudinea. The latter two are now viewed as the taxon Clitellata, since recognizing Hirudinea with class rank renders Oligochaeta paraphyletic. Polychaeta appears to contain Clitellata, and so may be synonymous with Annelida. Current consensus would place previously recognized phyla such as Echiura, Pogonophora, Sipuncula and Vestimentifera as annelids, though relationships among these and the various other annelid lineages are still unresolved.

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Mucciolo, Serena, Andrea Desiderato, Marika Salonna, Tomasz Mamos, Viviane Prodocimo, Maikon Di Domenico, Francesco Mastrototaro, Paulo Lana, Carmela Gissi, and Giuseppe Calamita. "Finding Aquaporins in Annelids: An Evolutionary Analysis and a Case Study." Cells 10, no. 12 (December 17, 2021): 3562. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10123562.

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Aquaporins (AQPs) are a family of membrane channels facilitating diffusion of water and small solutes into and out of cells. Despite their biological relevance in osmoregulation and ubiquitous distribution throughout metazoans, the presence of AQPs in annelids has been poorly investigated. Here, we searched and annotated Aqp sequences in public genomes and transcriptomes of annelids, inferred their evolutionary relationships through phylogenetic analyses and discussed their putative physiological relevance. We identified a total of 401 Aqp sequences in 27 annelid species, including 367 sequences previously unrecognized as Aqps. Similar to vertebrates, phylogenetic tree reconstructions clustered these annelid Aqps in four clades: AQP1-like, AQP3-like, AQP8-like and AQP11-like. We found no clear indication of the existence of paralogs exclusive to annelids; however, several gene duplications seem to have occurred in the ancestors of some Sedentaria annelid families, mainly in the AQP1-like clade. Three of the six Aqps annotated in Alitta succinea, an estuarine annelid showing high salinity tolerance, were validated by RT-PCR sequencing, and their similarity to human AQPs was investigated at the level of “key” conserved residues and predicted three-dimensional structure. Our results suggest a diversification of the structures and functions of AQPs in Annelida comparable to that observed in other taxa.

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Parry, Luke A., Gregory D. Edgecombe, Danny Eibye-Jacobsen, and Jakob Vinther. "The impact of fossil data on annelid phylogeny inferred from discrete morphological characters." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 283, no. 1837 (August 31, 2016): 20161378. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2016.1378.

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As a result of their plastic body plan, the relationships of the annelid worms and even the taxonomic makeup of the phylum have long been contentious. Morphological cladistic analyses have typically recovered a monophyletic Polychaeta, with the simple-bodied forms assigned to an early-diverging clade or grade. This is in stark contrast to molecular trees, in which polychaetes are paraphyletic and include clitellates, echiurans and sipunculans. Cambrian stem group annelid body fossils are complex-bodied polychaetes that possess well-developed parapodia and paired head appendages (palps), suggesting that the root of annelids is misplaced in morphological trees. We present a reinvestigation of the morphology of key fossil taxa and include them in a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of annelids. Analyses using probabilistic methods and both equal- and implied-weights parsimony recover paraphyletic polychaetes and support the conclusion that echiurans and clitellates are derived polychaetes. Morphological trees including fossils depict two main clades of crown-group annelids that are similar, but not identical, to Errantia and Sedentaria, the fundamental groupings in transcriptomic analyses. Removing fossils yields trees that are often less resolved and/or root the tree in greater conflict with molecular topologies. While there are many topological similarities between the analyses herein and recent phylogenomic hypotheses, differences include the exclusion of Sipuncula from Annelida and the taxa forming the deepest crown-group divergences.

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Bartolomaeus, Thomas. "Head Kidneys in Hatchlings of Scoloplos Armiger (Annelida: Orbiniida): Implications for the Occurrence of Protonephridia in Lecithotrophic Larvae." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 78, no. 1 (February 1998): 183–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315400040017.

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It is generally believed that lecithotrophic larvae of annelids do not possess functional excretory organs. However, as in certain annelids the planktotrophic trochophora larva has been secondarily modified into a lecithotrophic developmental stage and because protonephridia are characteristic for the trochophora, lecithotrophic developmental stages should also possess such organs. To test this assumption hatchlings of the orbiniidan Scoloplos armiger, which develops directly without a free-living larval stage, were investigated ultrastrucrurally. Each hatchling possesses a pair of protonephridia which lie caudal to the eyes and almost level with the frontal margin of the foregut. Each organ consists of three multiciliated cells, a terminal cell, a duct cell and a nephropore cell. The terminal cell bears a distally oriented hollow cytoplasmic cylinder, which surrounds the cilia. Adherens junctions connect this structure to the duct cell. Several clefts and pores perforate the wall of the hollow cylinder. Extracellular material covers the pores and clefts and thus may function as a molecular sieve during filtration. A comparison with the protonephridia of other annelid larvae reveals: (1) that one pair of protonephridial head kidneys consisting of a terminal cell, a duct cell and a nephropore cell must be assumed for the trochophore in the ground pattern of annelids and (2) that these organs are preserved when lecithotrophic larval stages evolved within the Annelida

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Capa, María, and Pat Hutchings. "Annelid Diversity: Historical Overview and Future Perspectives." Diversity 13, no. 3 (March 17, 2021): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d13030129.

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Annelida is a ubiquitous, common and diverse group of organisms, found in terrestrial, fresh waters and marine environments. Despite the large efforts put into resolving the evolutionary relationships of these and other Lophotrochozoa, and the delineation of the basal nodes within the group, these are still unanswered. Annelida holds an enormous diversity of forms and biological strategies alongside a large number of species, following Arthropoda, Mollusca, Vertebrata and perhaps Platyhelminthes, among the species most rich in phyla within Metazoa. The number of currently accepted annelid species changes rapidly when taxonomic groups are revised due to synonymies and descriptions of a new species. The group is also experiencing a recent increase in species numbers as a consequence of the use of molecular taxonomy methods, which allows the delineation of the entities within species complexes. This review aims at succinctly reviewing the state-of-the-art of annelid diversity and summarizing the main systematic revisions carried out in the group. Moreover, it should be considered as the introduction to the papers that form this Special Issue on Systematics and Biodiversity of Annelids.

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MAGALHÃES, WAGNER F., PAT HUTCHINGS, ALEJANDRO OCEGUERA-FIGUEROA, PATRICK MARTIN, RÜDIGER M. SCHMELZ, MARK J. WETZEL, HELENA WIKLUND, NANCY J. MACIOLEK, GISELE Y. KAWAUCHI, and JASON D. WILLIAMS. "Segmented worms (Phylum Annelida): a celebration of twenty years of progress through Zootaxa and call for action on the taxonomic work that remains." Zootaxa 4979, no. 1 (May 28, 2021): 190–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4979.1.18.

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Zootaxa has been the leading journal on invertebrate systematics especially within Annelida. Our current estimates indicate annelids include approximately 20,200 valid species of polychaetes, oligochaetes, leeches, sipunculans and echiurans. We include herein the impact of Zootaxa on the description of new annelid species in the last two decades. Since 2001, there have been over 1,300 new annelid taxa published in about 630 papers. The majority of these are polychaetes (921 new species and 40 new genera) followed by oligochaetes (308 new species and 10 new genera) and leeches (21 new species). The numerous papers dealing with new polychaete species have provided us a clear picture on which polychaete families have had the most taxonomic effort and which authors and countries have been the most prolific of descriptions of new taxa. An estimated additional 10,000+ species remain to be described in the phylum, thus we urge annelid workers to continue their efforts and aid in training a new generation of taxonomists focused on this ecologically important group.

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Kennedy, Victor S. "A summer benthic survey in Conception Bay, Newfoundland, emphasizing zoogeography of annelids and amphipods." Canadian Journal of Zoology 63, no. 8 (August 1, 1985): 1863–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z85-277.

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A limited benthic survey was made in August in Conception Bay, Newfoundland, using a 0.2-m2 van Veen grab sampler. Nine stations were sampled in a relatively shallow (62–79 m), soft-bottom (predominantly silt) region with low bottom water (0.2–1.4 °C) and sediment (0.5–2.0 °C) temperatures. Annelids (32 species) and amphipods (18 species) were the common invertebrates collected, with annelids being more numerous, both in numbers of individuals and of species. Deposit-feeding annelids outnumbered carnivores, with subsurface deposit feeders more abundant than surface feeders. Sedentary individuals predominated. Most annelid species had boreal–temperate affinities, with few arctic species being present. Detritivorous amphipods predominated, followed by scrapers and scavengers. Nearly all were burrowers. All the amphipod species were arctic–boreal in distribution and most do not range as far south as do the annelids. Molluscs were small and uncommon and they, like the remaining uncommon components of the biomass, were not identified to any extent.

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Kostyuchenko, Roman P., and Vitaly V. Kozin. "Comparative Aspects of Annelid Regeneration: Towards Understanding the Mechanisms of Regeneration." Genes 12, no. 8 (July 28, 2021): 1148. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes12081148.

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The question of why animals vary in their ability to regenerate remains one of the most intriguing questions in biology. Annelids are a large and diverse phylum, many members of which are capable of extensive regeneration such as regrowth of a complete head or tail and whole-body regeneration, even from few segments. On the other hand, some representatives of both of the two major annelid clades show very limited tissue regeneration and are completely incapable of segmental regeneration. Here we review experimental and descriptive data on annelid regeneration, obtained at different levels of organization, from data on organs and tissues to intracellular and transcriptomic data. Understanding the variety of the cellular and molecular basis of regeneration in annelids can help one to address important questions about the role of stem/dedifferentiated cells and “molecular morphallaxis” in annelid regeneration as well as the evolution of regeneration in general.

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Clauss, Wolfgang G. "Epithelial transport and osmoregulation in annelids." Canadian Journal of Zoology 79, no. 2 (February 1, 2001): 192–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z00-200.

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Epithelial transport related to osmoregulation has so far not been extensively investigated in annelids. Compared with the large body of information about ion transport across crustacean or insect epithelia, only a few studies have been done with isolated preparations of annelids, using the body wall of marine polychaetes or Hirudinea. Nephridial function and general body homeostasis have received more attention, and have probably been best investigated in Hirudinea. With recent advances in the molecular physiology of epithelial transport systems in vertebrates, the cloning of various transporters and ion channels, and the considerable number of osmoregulatory peptides that have now been found and analyzed from annelids, it should now be possible, and is timely, to conduct functional studies on individual selected epithelial preparations or isolated cells from annelids. Such studies may be important for establishing useful models with somewhat less complexity than mammalian systems. For example, annelids lack aldosterone, an important osmoregulatory hormone, which is a key factor in the regulation of sodium reabsorption in vertebrates. Therefore, not only would such studies contribute to annelid physiology, but they would be important in a broader sense for understanding osmoregulation and its evolution. They should also facilitate the discovery and investigation of new specific regulatory pathways.

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More sources

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Annelids"

Ogino, Tetsuya. "Environmental adaptation mechanism in marine annelids." Kyoto University, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/242707.

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Kyoto University (京都大学)
0048
新制・課程博士
博士(農学)
甲第21830号
農博第2343号
新制||農||1068(附属図書館)
学位論文||H31||N5202(農学部図書室)
京都大学大学院農学研究科応用生物科学専攻
(主査)教授佐藤健司, 教授澤山茂樹, 准教授豊原治彦
学位規則第4条第1項該当

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Tilic, Ekin [Verfasser]. "Ultrastructure, Formation and Evolution of Chaetae in Annelids / Ekin Tilic." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1096329972/34.

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McDougall, Carmel. "Comparative biology of Pomatoceros lamarckii and Dix evolution in annelids." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.497051.

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Jennings, Robert M. (Robert Michael). "Mitochondrial genomics and northwestern Atlantic population genetics of marine annelids." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/39191.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Joint Program in Biological Oceanography (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Biology; and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution), 2005.
Includes bibliographical references.
The overarching goal of this thesis was to investigate marine benthic invertebrate phylogenetics and population genetics, focused on the phylum Annelida. Recent expansions of molecular methods and the increasing diversity of available markers have allowed more complex and fine-scale questions to be asked at a variety of taxonomic levels. At the phylogenetic level, whole mitochondrial genome sequencing of two polychaetes (the deep-sea tubeworm Riftia pachyptila and the intertidal bamboo worm Clymenella torquata) supports the placement of leeches and oligochaetes within the polychaete radiation, in keeping with molecular evidence and morphological reinvestigations. This re-interpretation, first proposed by others, synonomizes "Annelida" and "Polychaeta", and lends further support to the inclusion of echiurids, siboglinids (previously called vestimentiferans) within annelids, and sipunculans as close allies. The complete mt-genome of C. torquata was then rapidly screened to obtain markers useful in short timescale population genetics.
(cont.) Two quickly evolving mitochondrial markers were sequenced from ten populations of C. torquata from the Bay of Fundy to New Jersey to investigate previous hypotheses that the Cape Cod, MA peninsula is a barrier to gene flow in the northwest Atlantic. A barrier to gene flow was found, but displaced south of Cape Cod, between Rhode Island and Long Island, NY. Imposed upon this pattern was a gradient in genetic diversity presumably due to previous glaciation, with northern populations exhibiting greatly reduced diversity relative to southern sites. These trends in C. torquata, combined with other recent short time scale population genetic research, highlight the lack of population genetics models relevant to marine benthic invertebrates. To this end, I constructed a model including a typical benthic invertebrate life cycle, and described the patterns of genetic differentiation at the juvenile and adult stages. Model analysis indicates that selection operating at the post- settlement stage may be extremely important in structuring genetic differentiation between populations and life stages. Further, it demonstrates how combined genetic analysis of sub-adult and adult samples can provide more information about population dynamics than either could alone.
by Robert M. Jennings.
Ph.D.

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Parry, Luke Alexander. "A palaeontological perspective on the early evolution and phylogeny of annelids." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2017. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.738261.

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Elsworth, Benjamin Lloyd. "Unearthing the genome of the earthworm Lumbricus rubellus." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/7596.

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The earthworm has long been of interest to biologists, most notably Charles Darwin, who was the first to reveal their true role as eco-engineers of the soil. However, to fully understand an animal one needs to combine observational data with the fundamental building blocks of life, DNA. For many years, sequencing a genome was an incredibly costly and time-consuming process. Recent advances in sequencing technology have led to high quality, high throughput data being available at low cost. Although this provides large amounts of sequence data, the bioinformatics knowledge required to assemble and annotate these new data are still in their infancy. This bottleneck is slowly opening up, and with it come the first glimpses into the new and exciting biology of many new species. This thesis provides the first high quality draft genome assembly and annotation of an earthworm, Lumbricus rubellus. The assembly process and resulting data highlight the complexity of assembling a eukaryotic genome using short read data. To improve assembly, a novel approach was created utilising transcripts to scaffold the genome (https://github.com/elswob/SCUBAT). The annotation of the assembly provides the draft of the complete proteome, which is also supported by the first RNA-Seq generated transcriptome. These annotations have enabled detailed analysis of the protein coding genes including comparative analysis with two other annelids (a leech and a polychaete worm) and a symbiont (Verminephrobacter). This analysis identified four key areas which appear to be either highly enhanced or unique to L. rubellus. Three of these may be related to the unique environment from which the sequenced worms originated and add to the mounting evidence for the use of earthworms as bioindicators of soil quality. All data is stored in relational databases and available to search and browse via a website at www.earthworms.org. It is hoped that this genome will provide a springboard for many future investigations into the earthworm and continue research into this wonderful animal.

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Georgieva, Magdalena Nikolaeva. "Tube-building annelids from hydrothermal vents and cold seeps : tube morphology, fossilisation, and evolutionary history." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/15492/.

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Problems with the identification of tubular fossils from ancient hydrothermal vent and cold seep deposits have hindered understanding of the evolutionary history of vent and seep communities. This thesis aims to (1) improve knowledge of lesser-studied tubicolous annelids occupying vents and seeps, (2) study the diversity of tubes at vents and seeps, (3) investigate the fossilisation of tubes within modern vents and seeps, (4) better interpret the fossil record, and (5) provide insights into the palaeoecology these environments. Results presented here on investigations of Sclerolinum contortum, a species belonging to a little- studied genus of the major vent/seep dwelling annelid family Siboglinidae, demonstrate that it exhibits tube morphological plasticity, wide habitat preferences and a global distribution spanning the Arctic to the Southern Ocean. These results also suggest that this species has dispersed throughout this range using chemosynthetic habitats as stepping stones. A detailed investigation of the full mineralisation process of Alvinella (Alvinellidae) tubes at modern hydrothermal vents shows that these tubes are fossilised by pyrite and silica that template organic tube layers, and that microorganisms living on tube surfaces are also exceptionally well-preserved alongside the tubes. No known ancient vent tube fossils resemble mineralised Alvinella tubes. A major morphological and compositional comparison of both modern and fossil tubes from vents and seeps revealed that two fossil tube types from the Mesozoic were likely made by vestimentiferans (Siboglinidae), suggesting that this major vent and seep annelid lineage has a longer history within vents and seeps than proposed by molecular clock age estimates. This analysis also demonstrates the need for greater caution in assigning affinities to fossil vent and seep tubes. Finally, this thesis reports the remarkable preservation of filamentous microorganisms on the walls of Silurian vent tube fossils, giving the first insights into ecological associations between microbes and metazoans within the oldest known hydrothermal vent community.

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Tanaka, Sota. "Behavior of radioactive cesium through the food chain in arthropods and annelids after the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant accident." Kyoto University, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/242703.

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Kyoto University (京都大学)
0048
新制・課程博士
博士(農学)
甲第21826号
農博第2339号
新制||農||1067(附属図書館)
学位論文||H31||N5198(農学部図書室)
京都大学大学院農学研究科地域環境科学専攻
(主査)准教授髙橋知之, 教授北山兼弘, 准教授刑部正博
学位規則第4条第1項該当

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Thamm, Katrin [Verfasser]. "Involvement of the Notch-signaling pathway in the development of the two polychaete annelids Capitella sp. I and Platynereis dumerilii / Katrin Thamm." Gießen : Universitätsbibliothek, 2007. http://d-nb.info/1058561766/34.

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Vullien, Aurore. "Conservation évolutive et rôles de la signalisation par les ROS durant l'initiation de la régénération. Apport du cnidaire Nematostella vectensis et de l'annélide Platynereis dumerilii." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024COAZ6013.

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La régénération, ie la capacité à reformer une partie du corps perdue suite à une blessure ou une amputation, est un phénomène répandu chez les métazoaires. Toutefois les capacités régénératives varient selon les espèces, de quelques types cellulaires à l'intégralité du corps à partir d'un fragment. Bien que des étapes stéréotypiques (cicatrisation, mobilisation de précurseurs, morphogénèse) soient retrouvées chez toutes les espèces étudiées, on ignore encore largement si la régénération repose sur des mécanisme moléculaires et cellulaires conservés chez les métazoaires, ou si plusieurs aspects du processus régénératif ont évolué indépendamment selon les lignées.Durant la dernière décennie, des études ont mis en évidence après amputation chez divers modèles une production d'espèces réactives de l'oxygène (ou ROS), nécessaire au succès de la régénération. Pour déterminer si la production de ROS est une composante systématique de la régénération des métazoaires et si son rôle repose sur des mécanismes conservés, mon travail de thèse a exploré cette thématique chez deux modèles émergents : l'annélide Platynereis dumerilii, capable de régénérer diverses structures dont sa partie postérieure complexe, et le cnidaire Nematostella vectensis, capable de régénérer son corps entier.Afin de déterminer l'histoire évolutive des gènes du métabolisme des ROS, j'ai mené dans un premier temps une étude de génomique comparative sur un vaste panel d'espèces métazoaires. Cette analyse montre que la majorité des animaux possède une combinaison de gènes permettant la production et la détoxification des ROS ainsi que la régulation de la réponse antioxydante. L'absence de Keap1, inhibiteur de Nrf (facteur de transcription des gènes à Antioxidative Response Element), chez les éponges, cténophores et de nombreuses espèces cnidaires dont N. vectensis soulève des interrogations sur la régulation de la réponse antioxydante chez les non-bilatériens.Ayant identifié les gènes impliqués dans le métabolisme des ROS chez les deux modèles, j'ai mis en évidence une expression spatio-temporelle dynamique de certains de ces gènes au cours de la régénération postérieure de P. dumerilii et orale de N. vectensis, grâce à des données transcriptomiques produites par mes équipes de thèse ainsi que des hybridations in situ. J'ai mis en évidence la production de ROS au cours de la régénération, au moyen d'un marqueur fluorescent chez P. dumerilii et d'un réactif rapporteur de la production d'H2O2 chez N. vectensis. Les deux méthodes révèlent une production précoce de ROS suite à l'amputation, localisée près du plan d'amputation chez P. dumerilii. Une lignée exprimant le senseur génétique de l'H2O2 HyPer7 est en cours de production afin de localiser et quantifier cette production chez N. vectensis.Afin d'évaluer le rôle de cette production de ROS, j'ai effectué des analyses fonctionnelles au moyen de d'inhibiteurs des enzymes Nox/Duox. Ce traitement bloque la régénération a des stades précoces chez les deux modèles. Les effets de l'inhibition des ROS sur l'apoptose et la prolifération, deux mécanismes nécessaires à la régénération, ont été également évalués. J'ai montré que les ROS sont requis pour l'induction de la prolifération cellulaire mais pas pour celle de l'apoptose chez P. dumerilii, tandis que leur inhibition réduit l'apoptose et impacte la répartition tissulaire des cellules en prolifération chez N. vectensis. Une caractérisation phénotypique supplémentaire chez P. dumerilii suggère un effet mitogène tissue-dépendant des ROS entre l'ectoderme et le méso-endoderme.Ainsi, bien qu'elle repose sur des dynamiques transcriptionnelles et enzymatiques différentes et remplisse des fonctions distinctes chez les deux modèles, la production de ROS semble être un élément robuste et nécessaire au cours du processus régénératif chez les métazoaires, agissant de façon plastique via des mécanismes moléculaires et cellulaires différents selon les espèces
Regeneration, i.e. the ability to reform a body part lost through injury or amputation, is a widespread phenomenon in metazoans. However, regenerative capacities vary from one species to another, from a few cell types to the whole body from a fragment. Although stereotypical stages (wound healing, precursor mobilization, morphogenesis) are found in all studied species, it remains largely unknown whether regeneration relies on conserved molecular and cellular mechanisms in metazoans, or whether several aspects of the regenerative process have evolved independently across lineages.Over the past decade, studies have demonstrated that reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced after amputation in various models, and that they are necessary for successful regeneration. To determine if ROS production is a systematic component of metazoan regeneration, and whether its role is based on conserved mechanisms, my thesis work explored this subject in two emerging models: the annelid Platynereis dumerilii, capable of regenerating various structures including its complex posterior part, and the cnidarian Nematostella vectensis, capable of regenerating its entire body.To unravel the evolutionary history of ROS metabolism genes, I first carried out a comparative genomics study on a large panel of metazoan species. This analysis shows that the vast majority of animals possess a combination of genes enabling ROS production and detoxification, as well as regulation of the antioxidant response. The absence of Keap1, an inhibitor of Nrf (Antioxidative Response Element genes transcription factor), in sponges, ctenophores and many cnidarian species including N. vectensis raises questions about the regulation of the antioxidant response in non-bilaterians.Having identified the genes involved in ROS metabolism in both models, I demonstrated dynamic spatio-temporal expression of some of these genes during posterior regeneration in P. dumerilii and oral regeneration in N. vectensis, using transcriptomic data generated by my thesis teams and in situ hybridizations. I found ROS production takes place during regeneration, using a fluorescent marker in P. dumerilii and an H2O2 reporter reagent in N. vectensis. Both methods reveal early ROS production following amputation, localized near the amputation plane in P. dumerilii. A transgenic line expressing the H2O2 genetic sensor HyPer7 is currently being generated to localize and quantify this production in N. vectensis.To assess the role of this ROS production, I performed functional analyses using Nox/Duox enzyme inhibitors. This treatment blocked regeneration at early stages in both models. The effects of ROS inhibition on apoptosis and proliferation, two mechanisms required for regeneration, were also assessed. I showed that ROS are required for the induction of cell proliferation but not apoptosis in P. dumerilii, while their inhibition reduces apoptosis and impacts the tissue distribution of proliferating cells in N. vectensis. Further phenotypic characterization in P. dumerilii suggests a tissue-dependent effect of mitogenic ROS signalling between ectoderm and meso-endoderm.In conclusion, although it relies on different transcriptional and enzymatic dynamics and fulfils distinct functions in the two models, ROS production appears to be a robust and necessary component of the regenerative process in metazoans, acting plastically via molecular and cellular mechanisms that differ between species

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Books on the topic "Annelids"

1954-, Větvička Václav, ed. Immunology of annelids. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 1994.

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Shain, Daniel H., ed. Annelids in Modern Biology. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470455203.

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H, Shain Daniel, ed. Annelids in modern biology. Hoboken, N.J: John Wiley & Sons, 2009.

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Dorresteijn, Adriaan W. C., and Wilfried Westheide, eds. Reproductive Strategies and Developmental Patterns in Annelids. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2887-4.

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C, Dorresteijn Adriaan W., and Westheide Wilfried, eds. Reproductive strategies and developmental patterns in annelids. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1999.

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1882-1959, Welch Paul S., and Canadian Arctic Expedition (1913-1918), eds. Annelids, parasitic worms, Protozoans, etc. Part A: Oligochaeta. Ottawa: J. de L. Taché, 1997.

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(1913-1918), Canadian Arctic Expedition, ed. Annelids, parasitic worms, Protozoans, etc. Part E: Acanthocephala. Ottawa: J. de L. Taché, 1997.

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Wu, Pao-ling. The Nereidae (Polychaetous annelids) of the Chinese coast. Beijing: China Ocean Press, 1985.

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(1913-1918), Canadian Arctic Expedition, ed. Annelids, parasitic worms, Protozoans, etc. Part D: Gephyrea. Ottawa: J. de L. Taché, 1997.

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(1913-1918), Canadian Arctic Expedition, ed. Annelids, parasitic worms, Protozoans, etc. Part M: Foraminifera. Ottawa: J. de L. Taché, 1997.

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Book chapters on the topic "Annelids"

Cole, Theodor C. H. "X. Annelida – Ringelwürmer – Annelids." In Wörterbuch der Wirbellosen / Dictionary of Invertebrates, 165–72. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-52869-3_10.

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Lewbart, Gregory A. "Annelids." In Invertebrate Medicine, 153–71. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470960806.ch9.

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Rees, Paul A. "Platyhelminths, annelids and molluscs." In Key questions in biodiversity: a study and revision guide, 103–17. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789248630.0007.

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Valembois, P., P. Roch, and M. Lassègues. "Antibacterial Molecules in Annelids." In Proceedings in Life Sciences, 74–93. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70768-1_7.

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Takeuchi, Nobuo. "Endocrine System of Annelids." In Atlas of Endocrine Organs, 255–69. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-11190-1_22.

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Salzet, Michel. "Annelids Neuro-Endrocrino-Immune Response." In Frontiers in Invertebrate Physiology: A Collection of Reviews, 153–83. New York: Apple Academic Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003405184-4.

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Salzet, Michel. "Annelids Neuro-Endrocrino-Immune Response." In Advances in Invertebrate (Neuro)Endocrinology, 93–124. Includes bibliographical references and indexes. | Contents: Volume 1. Phyla other than arthropoda.: Apple Academic Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003029854-4.

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Twyman, R. M. "Early development of molluscs and annelids." In BIOS Instant Notes in Developmental Biology, 201–4. London: Taylor & Francis, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003416371-38.

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Redak, Richard. "Introduction to and Importance of Insects." In Forest Entomology and Pathology, 1–17. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11553-0_1.

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AbstractInsects and closely related arthropods are the dominant and most diverse forms of terrestrial and aquatic (non-marine) animal life on the planet. Other than marine systems, insects occupy every conceivable environment and habitat on the Earth. Crustaceans and Annelids (worms) are the dominant and most diverse groups of animals in marine systems.

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Quijada-Rodriguez, Alex R., Aida Adlimoghaddam, and Dirk Weihrauch. "Nitrogen Excretion in Nematodes, Platyhelminthes, and Annelids." In Acid-Base Balance and Nitrogen Excretion in Invertebrates, 127–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39617-0_5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Annelids"

Itin, G. S., and V. M. Kravchenko. "HELMINTHIC CENOSES OF THE EURASIAN BADGER (MELES MELES, L., 1758) IN THE NORTH-WESTERN CAUCASUS." In THEORY AND PRACTICE OF PARASITIC DISEASE CONTROL. All-Russian Scientific Research Institute for Fundamental and Applied Parasitology of Animals and Plant – a branch of the Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Federal Scientific Centre VIEV”, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31016/978-5-6048555-6-0.2023.24.194-198.

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On the territory of the North-Western Caucasus from 2010 to 2022, 60 badgers from 3 landscape-geographical zones were studied by the method of complete helminthological dissection. The prevalence and intensity of invasion, abundance index and dominance index were calculated. Infection of badgers with helminths was 100%. Helminthic cenosis was represented by 20 species of parasitic worms from 4 classes Trematoda, Cestoda, Nematoda and Acanthocephala, and 16 families. The detected helminths included 6 trematode species (30.0%), 3 cestode species (15.0%), 10 nematode species (55.0%) and one species of Acanthocephala (5.0%). Nineteen helminth species were found in the plain zone, 15 species in the foothill zone, and 9 species in the mountainous zone. The dominant trematode species was Euparyphium melis (the II average 32.0 specimens; AI 9.6; DI 16.5%). Subdominant species were Alaria alata (the II average 16.4 specimens; AI 5.5; DI 9.4%) and Pharyngostomum cordatum (II average 31.5 specimens; AI 3.1; DI 5.4%). The dominant cestode species was M. lineatus (II average 11.0 specimens; AI 5.1; DI 8.8%), and subdominant species was T. crassiceps (II average 7.3 specimens; AI 2.8; DI 4.8%). The dominant nematode species was U. stenocephala (II average 37.5 specimens; AI 17.5; DI 30.1%), and subdominant species were Molineus patens (II average 24.6 specimens; AI 4.5; DI 7.8%), and Thominx aerophilus (II average 7.6 specimens; AI 2.4; DI 4.1%). Analysis of the stomach contents of the badgers showed that a significant proportion of the diet consisted of animal feed which was present in the stomach of 90.0% of the examined animals. Fragments of rodents, amphibians, reptiles, fish, insects, mollusks, and annelids were found in their stomach.

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Parry, Luke, Jesus Lozano Fernandez, Alastair R. Tanner, Alexander J. Hetherington, Christoffer Bugge Harder, Samuel W. James, Nicolás Mongiardino Koch, et al. "A REFINED TIMESCALE FOR CLITELLATE ANNELID EVOLUTION." In GSA Connects 2022 meeting in Denver, Colorado. Geological Society of America, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2022am-381431.

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Silva, Anselmo, Fabio Aparecido Alves da Silva, André Viegas Wentz, Fabrizio Maziero, Leonardo Malta, Sebastian Martins, Elisiane Pelke, Augusto Parigot, Hugo Santos, and Luis Pedro Arenhart Lampert. "Annelida – A robot for long pipeline inside cleaning." In ROG.e Conference, 10441–55. IBP, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.48072/2525-7579.roge.2024.4286.

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"Multigene phylogenies for the earthworm Eisenia nordenskioldi (Lumbricidae, Annelida)." In Bioinformatics of Genome Regulation and Structure/ Systems Biology. institute of cytology and genetics siberian branch of the russian academy of science, Novosibirsk State University, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18699/bgrs/sb-2020-157.

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"Cryptic diversity in the Dendrobaena schmidti complex (Lumbricidae, Annelida)." In Bioinformatics of Genome Regulation and Structure/Systems Biology (BGRS/SB-2022) :. Institute of Cytology and Genetics, the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18699/sbb-2022-091.

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Shahinpoor, Mohsen. "Design and modeling of an active crawling robotic annelid." In 1994 North American Conference on Smart Structures and Materials, edited by Nesbitt W. Hagood. SPIE, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.175228.

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Brunoir, Tessa, Chris Mulligan, Ainara Sistiaga, Khanh Vuu, Patrick Shih, Shane O'Reilly, Roger Summons, and David Gold. "STEROL METHYLTRANSFERASES IN ANNELID WORMS REWRITE THE MOLECULAR FOSSIL RECORD." In GSA Connects 2022 meeting in Denver, Colorado. Geological Society of America, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2022am-379022.

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Ferreira, F. A. L., and F. A. B. Lemos. "Unbalanced electrical distribution network reconfiguration using simulated anneling." In Exposition: Latin America. IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tdc-la.2010.5762965.

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PARK, J., and J. JUNG. "REDESCRIPTION OF PHARYNGOCIRRUS UCHIDAI (ANNELIDA: SACCOCIRRIDAE) USING SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE AND MOLECULAR DATA." In 5TH MOSCOW INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE "MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICSAND BIODIVERSITY BIOBANKING". TORUS PRESS, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.30826/molphy2018-64.

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Gaiotto, Alessandra, Marta Bellio, Elisabetta Piva, Sophia Schumann, Paola Irato, and Gianfranco Santovito. "AN INNOVATIVE DIDACTIC APPROACH TO STUDY PORIFERA, ANNELIDA AND MOLLUSCA IN PRIMARY SCHOOL." In 16th International Technology, Education and Development Conference. IATED, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21125/inted.2022.1319.

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Reports on the topic "Annelids"

James, Sam. Earthworms (Annelida: Oligochaeta) of the Columbia River basin assessment area. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/pnw-gtr-491.

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Tronstad, Lusha. Aquatic invertebrate monitoring at Agate Fossil Beds National Monument: 2019 data report. National Park Service, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrds-2293128.

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Monitoring ecosystems is vital to understanding trends over time and key to detecting change so that managers can address perturbations. Freshwater streams are the lifeblood of the surrounding landscape, and their health is a measure of the overall watershed integrity. Streams are the culmination of upland processes and inputs. Degradation on the landscape as well as changes to the stream itself can be detected using biota living in these ecosystems. Aquatic invertebrates are excellent indicators of ecosystem quality because they are relatively long-lived, sessile, diverse, abundant and their tolerance to perturbation differs. Aquatic invertebrates were monitored at three sites along the Niobrara River at Agate Fossil Beds National Monument in 2019 completing 23 years of data using Hester-Dendy and Hess samplers. Hess samplers are artificial multi-plate samplers suspended in the water column to allow invertebrates to colonize and Hess samples collect invertebrates in a known area on natural substrate and vegetation. We identified 45 invertebrate taxa from four phyla (Annelida, Arthropoda, Mollusca, Nematoda) using both samplers in the Niobrara River (Appendix A and B). Hester-Dendy samplers collected 4 taxa not found in Hess samples and Hess samples collected 17 taxa not collected with Hester-Dendy samplers. Hess samples captured more (91%) than Hester-Dendy samples (62%). Crustacea, Diptera and Ephemeroptera were the most abundant groups of invertebrates collected in the Niobrara River. The proportion of Insecta, Annelida, Trichoptera and Diptera differed between Hester-Dendy and Hess samples (p < 0.05). EPT richness, proportion EPT taxa and Hilsenhoff’s Biotic Index (HBI) (p < 0.0001) differed between sampler types, but taxa richness, taxa diversity and evenness (p > 0.29) did not. We collected the highest density of invertebrates at the Agate Middle site. Agate Spring Ranch had the lowest taxa richness and HBI, and the highest proportion of EPT taxa. HBI at the sites ranged from 4.0 to 6.3 (very good to fair from Hilsenhoff 1987) using the Hester-Dendy and 5.2 to 6.9 (good to fairly poor from Hilsenhoff 1987) using the Hess sampler.

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