Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Annan plan'
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Amaral, Joana. "Negotiations with peace settlement referendums : comparing the Annan Plan and Good Friday Agreement experiences." Thesis, University of Kent, 2016. https://kar.kent.ac.uk/63870/.
Full textGrefve, Josefine. "Evaluation of margins and plan robustness for proton therapy of unilateral tonsil cancer." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för fysik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-186403.
Full textEklund, Linda. "Friyta på lika villkor! : En studie av 8 kap. 9 § plan- och bygglagen." Thesis, Högskolan Väst, Avdelningen för Matematik, Data- och Lantmäteriteknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-15623.
Full textSweden's population is steadily increasing, and cities are densifying. Most of the residents wish to live centrally, where closeness to both jobs and service is located. The densification, in turn, means that more schools and preschools need to be built. In densified cities, the area is shrinking to build on, which results in a higher price on the land. The purpose of the study is to investigate how Sweden's municipalities interpret "sufficiently large free space" in Chapter 8. 9 § 2 of the Planning and Building Act. The study also examines whether the municipalities changed their way of working as the Children's Convention became law on January 1, 2020. The study has used electronic questionnaires sent to Sweden's 290 municipal building departments with a response rate of 44%. Nearly half of the study's respondents use the checklist from Boverket and almost as many also have their own guidelines. A part of the study respondents uses functional programs that follow the curriculum's intentions when planning the school or preschool. The results of the study's survey show that 61% of the respondents follow current research on the size of the free space, which is 30 square meters for students in F-6 and 40 square meters for preschool children. The respondents which not following the common advice from Boverket about free space, developed their own guidelines for the size of the free space. Most of these municipalities set the size of the free space lower than recommended. The result shows that the respondents who do not follow the general advice on free space from Boverket think that the location of the free space weighs heavier than the size and design of the free space. Of the respondents, only 30 have worked with the Convention on the Rights of the Child even before the law came into force. Most of the respondents will start or have started to work more with the Convention on the Rights of the Child when designing school and preschools since the Convention on the Rights of the Child has become law. Although cities are increasingly densified, the current wording in Chapter 8. 9 § 2 The Planning and Building Act has in principle not changed since the building charter. Since the ground today is more attractive and that the Children's Convention has become law, the wording "sufficiently large free area" in Chapter 8. 9 § 2, the Planning and Building Act need to be changed. The law section should contain clarifications on the design and size of the surface to ensure such a large surface area that according to research is suitable for children in school and preschool.
Moberg, Hanna, and Linnéa Zakrisson. "Hänsynstagande av social hållbarhet i plan - och genomförandeprocessen." Thesis, KTH, Urbana och regionala studier, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-254467.
Full textSocial sustainability can be perceived as difficult to define and, in addition, the concept has changed over time as it is linked to existing norms and values. Socially sustainable urban development is an important issue today, which, however, includes some challenges. The aim of this study is to investigate how social sustainability is considered in the ‘planning and implementation process’ in urban development projects, partly in the planning phase in the detailed development plan, plan description and quality program, and partly in the results, in the terms of land allocation agreements and building permits. The intention of the study is also to contribute with knowledge about how social issues can be integrated into the ‘planning and implementation process’. In this study, qualitative methods have been used to achieve the aim of the study and to answer its research questions, which include a literature study and a case study, consisting of a document study and interviews. The case study has been conducted to investigate how four urban development projects, in different municipalities, have worked in order to achieve social sustainability. These urban development projects are Rosendal in Uppsala municipality, Vallastaden in Linköping municipality, Södra Ladugårdsängen in Örebro municipality and Norra 2 in Stockholm Royal Seaport in Stockholm municipality. The document study has been carried out using a created checklist that contains five social focus areas: functions, places, accessibility, mixed housing and settlement as well as safety, which have been formulated based on the literature study. Furthermore, four semi-structured interviews have been conducted with employees at the four municipalities in which the urban development projects are located. The literature study shows for instance that the definition of social sustainability varies and how social sustainability can be described in the context of urban planning and in urban environments. The case study, in particular the document study, shows that the urban development projects generally have succeeded better with achieving social aspects in the focus areas of functions, places and accessibility, especially in the planning phase but also to some extent in the result. Regarding mixed housing and settlement, as well as safety, the document study shows that it in general is more difficult to consider these focus areas, since the consideration varies between the urban development projects, both in the planning phase and the result. In the focus areas of places, accessibility and safety, there are some difficulties in the follow-up on how the consideration of social sustainability has been maintained in the result. Furthermore, the document study shows that there are generally more opportunities in considering social sustainability in the planning phase than in the result in most of the focus areas, since the content of the land allocation agreements and the building permits is limited.
Matúš, Rudolf. "Cyperská otázka (aktuálne výzvy)." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-81932.
Full textTiberg, Linnéa. "Addera mervärde till plan- och byggprocessen med Nature-based solutions." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för företagande, innovation och hållbarhet, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-45524.
Full textIshida, Yvonne, and Jessica Andersson. "Kommer kommunernas plan- och bygglovsarbete att svämma över i framtiden? : Klimatförändringar och bostadsbyggande." Thesis, Högskolan Väst, Avdelningen för Matematik, Data- och Lantmäteriteknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-13531.
Full textAlinazari, Shabnam, and Catrin Alvinder. "I barn och ungas ögonhöjd : En checklista från barn till plan för detaljplanering." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Samhällsbyggnad, GIS, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-26900.
Full textÖdén, Jakob. "Proton plan evaluation : a framework accounting for treatment uncertainties and variable relative biological effectiveness." Licentiate thesis, Stockholms universitet, Fysikum, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-146256.
Full textSvensson, Rössner Erika. "Can We Plan for Social Sustainability? : A study of Stora Sköndal, Stockholm." Thesis, KTH, Urbana och regionala studier, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-283730.
Full textAline, de Santa Izabel Alves. "To Be Lean or Not To Be Lean : Developing a Strategic Plan for a Nutraceutical Startup in Sweden." Thesis, KTH, Entreprenörskap och Innovation, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-190199.
Full textTuzunkan, Murat. "The Cyprus Question: Continuity, Transformation And Tendencies." Phd thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12608714/index.pdf.
Full textexamining these means analyzing the hegemonic projects of the various actors involved. Examining transformations means looking specifically at how and why these hegemonic projects changed. Examining tendencies means pointing out the latest developments such as accumulated sovereignty, shared sovereignty as protectorate, Taiwan Model, return to 1960, integration through class strategy and independent TRNC and exploring the logical consequences of developments. Third, this study focuses on the European Union&rsquo
s hegemonic projects related to Cyprus &ndash
how they emerged, the relationship between these projects and the domestic and international political conjectures, their aspects of continuity and reasons for transformation and their successes and failures. This thesis argues that all the previous plans and initiatives by international and local actors, latest being the EU-initiated Annan Plan, led not only to failure, but transformed the Cyprus Question from one paradigm to another.
Chyad, Yousif, and Khadija Ali. "Logistik vid begränsat utrymme : Jämförelsestudie mellan fyra byggarbetsplatser." Thesis, KTH, Byggteknik och design, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-260421.
Full textSöder, Tove, and Erika Eliasson. "Vad visar den plan som säger mer än tusen ord? : Illustrationsplanens betydelse utifrån tydlighetskravet i Plan- och Bygglagen." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för fysisk planering, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-21630.
Full textGärds, Joacim. "Use of Digital Detailed Development Plans and GIS in New Development Projects." Thesis, KTH, Geoinformatik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-298509.
Full textGreat work has been done to achieve Swedish authorities’ long-term goal of an open, continuous digital exchange of information throughout the entire urban development process to make it more efficient. The use of digital information in physical planning is proceeded on a national, regional and municipal level, where the Swedish National Board of Housing, Building and Planning develop regulations for new digital detailed development plans and guidelines in the digitising of old detailed development plans. Further, the vision is to enable automated decisions to support administration, such as assessment of building permit applications. This study aims to find tasks in initiation and physical planning phases of new development projects that can be carried out digitally, to make them more efficient, identify possibilities of implementing supporting automated tasks using digital plan data and address limitations of translating regulations of current detailed development plans into geospatial data in digital plans.A case study is performed where data of digital detailed development plans is processed in QGIS, a geographic information system (GIS), to try carry out tasks digitally to make them more efficient, further finding limitations with the current data of digital detailed development plans. Interviews are conducted to identify benefits of digital information and automated processes and discuss data limitations.Evaluation of the results of the case study has shown that digital detailed development plans are able to perform simple tasks related to the physical planning process and replace manual tasks in new development projects, such as finding development rights.It is found that some tasks in initiation and physical planning phases of new development projects can be facilitated using digital detailed development plans. The strength is that time and resources can be saved and used for other work on a municipal level since zoned regulations of several plans can be analysed simultaneously if the data is stored in a common database, enabling quantification of areas, development rates and effective identification of unused development rights on a larger scale instead of one plan at a time. However, because of interpretational issues when plans are digitised and limitations of regulations that cannot be represented by geometric objects, automated decision support may not be proceeded with the current digital plans. It can potentially be solved with updated standards and introduced routines for interpretation and digitisation.
Lapierre, Alexandre. "Les dynamiques du rapprochement communautaire à chypre depuis 1974." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016INAL0001/document.
Full textThis thesis studies the bicommunal reconciliation movements in Cyprus born in the civil society since 1974, the associations concerned, their members, theirs actions, their success or difficulties in front of vigorous nationalisms in an island tightly halved in two until 2003. Of course these movements cannot be separated from their context, the unsuccessful negotiations under the aegis of the United Nations, the development of nationalisms, the heavy influence of the Mother Countries. We must also take into account the passage of time, the young adults of 2015 have lived neither the 1964 bicommunal clashes nor the 1974 Turk invasion
Khalil, Norinne, and Kajsa Mattsson. "Fatsighetsindelningsbestämmelser i äldre och gällande lagstiftning : En jämförelsestudie avseende upphävande, ändring och bildande av fastighetsindelningsbestämmelser." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Samhällsbyggnad, GIS, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-28058.
Full textThis research proposal is a comparison regarding division into property units' rules in current legislation as well as in older legislation. Division into property units have been created in previous legislation through plot divisions in Building law (SFS 1947: 763) and as property regulation plan in the Older Planning and Building Act (SFS 1987: 10). Nowadays are the older provisions also applying as property clauses by the Planning and Building Act (SFS 2010: 900). Today, division into property units are created indetailed development plans. Existing division into property units are today creating problems when property owners want to subdivide a property that do not match the property layout in the indetailed development plan or in older land divisions and property regulation plans. Today, the provisions need to be repealed in a simplified procedure process. This is a relatively comprehensive process that is economically feasible for anyone who wants to subdivide a property. In the research proposal interviews will take place with staff in municipal activities, which hopefully have experience of how formation and removal of division into property unit's rules has been made in older and current legalisation. The result can provide information about what works well and badly today and how the work can possibly be improved. It is important from a subdivide point of view that the division into property unit's rules can be easily canceled. When this happens, new housing can be built in already built areas. With this, existing infrastructure can be used where both new and older buildings can be combined as more people get the chance to live in safe environments in central locations. From an economic point of view, this is a profit.
Lund, Jesper, and Niklas Vallebrant. "Lagen om allmänna vattentjänster : Avgränsning av verksamhetsområden i 6 §." Thesis, Högskolan Väst, Avdelningen för Matematik, Data- och Lantmäteriteknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-12050.
Full textIn 2007, the Public Water Services Act came in to effect. According to the sixth paragraph in this law, all municipalities shall arrange water supplies and sewerage in a "wider context" if it is necessary with respect to human health or the environment. But sometimes, municipalities choose not to connect certain areas to the operational area even though they should do so according to the sixth paragraph in the Public Water Services Act. These areas are commonly referred to as § 6 areas which means that these areas fulfill the condition "wider context" in the Public Water Services Act, but are outside the operational area. What does it mean that the municipalities shall ensure water supply and sewerage in a "wider context"? The term "wider context" is not defined in the legal text, but preparatory work to the law states that 20 to 30 properties can be seen as a guideline. This amount can be reduced if there are special reasons for it. But how do the municipalities interpret the term? This is the first question that this study answers. The second question that has been answered is why the municipalities choose to not connect some certain areas to the operational area, despite the fact that the conditions for "wider context" in the sixth paragraph are fulfilled. The study concerns the following municipalities: Lerum, Lysekil, Svenljunga, Skövde and Vänersborg. In order to gain information and to find answers to the questions, a combination between legal methodology, a quantitative and a qualitative method has been used. The municipalities VA-plans, which are guiding for municipal VA planning, have been reviewed and interviews have been conducted to supplement the VA-plans and provide a deeper understanding of municipal decisions. The study shows that it varies from municipality to municipality how the term "wider context" is interpreted as the number varies from eight to twenty properties included. Some of the municipalities also use the terms "assembled dwellings" and "assembled built environment" from the Planning and Building Act (2010:900). As for the second issue, there is a connection between how the municipalities have assessed these areas. The reason why some areas not are connected to any operational area is because they have a low priority based on a need and possibility assessment.
Sonesson, William, and Parke Hilding Sandström. "The key aspects during departmental technology transfer : A case study at a biopharmaceutical company." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskaper, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-354908.
Full textHolmgren, Oscar. "En överblick av planprogrammets historia, samtid och framtid : En studie om planprogrammets ställning bland tre kommuner." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för fysisk planering, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-19735.
Full textNettelbladt, Susanna, and Elin Säterdahl. "Exploatörens syn på framtagandet av exploateringsavtal : Har ändringen av PBL fått effekt?" Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Samhällsbyggnad, GIS, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-24588.
Full textAt the beginning of 2015 there was an amendment of the Planning and Building Act. The so-called developer provisions were removed and rules on development agreements were introduced. The Swedish Government Official Reports revealed that the development process was often unpredictable both cost- and time wise and that the developers were in a strong dependency to the municipalities. This study has focused on identifying if the developers have perceived that the amendment has led to a reduction of the problems and if there is a stronger cooperation today in the producing of implementation agreements. The purpose of this study is to contribute to improved cooperation between municipalities and developers and lead to less inequity in the negotiations on implementation issues in the detailed planning process. The questions in this study were answered through two surveys and semi- structured interviews, both municipalities and developers were asked to participate. All municipalities in Sweden have taken part in one web survey, and 99 developers have been asked to answer another web survey. Five municipalities and three developers have been interviewed. The interviews along with the surveys gave a comprehensive picture of how the changes of the PBA influenced the development process and developers' attitude towards the municipalities. The study shows that developers do not perceive the developing process as more time-efficient or more predictable than before. Some increased clarity and transparency have been achieved through the introduction of requirements for guidelines. The biggest problem in the negotiations is the lack of experience and qualification in the municipality staff. This can be derived from a good market, where many municipal employees take employment in the private sector instead. It remains to provide legal solutions to the problem of how social infrastructure can be provided by municipalities on private land. The conclusions of this study were that the amendment has had little effect, and that problems remain. Implementation agreements no longer include so-called social infrastructure in most cases, but actions such as to build a school or shelter are still imposed on developers alongside the agreement. The dependence on the municipality remains unchanged, which means that judicial review of the agreements has not taken place. The municipalities still take great liberties with the content of the agreements.
Maars, Hampus, and Patric Thomsson. "När ”påbörjas” en detaljplan? : en kartläggande studie om begreppet ”påbörjad”." Thesis, Högskolan Väst, Avdelningen för data-, elektro- och lantmäteriteknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-11143.
Full text1st of January 2015 some changes were made in the Planning and Building Act. This was made because of the Swedish government wanted to make the planning process easier. The law changes include the planning process and the development contracts for detailed development plans. The transitional provisions, however, made a reservation to regulate the situations in which older legislation would be used. The regulation is that older legislation should be used if the detailed development plan were initiated prior to 1 January 2015. The purpose of this study is to investigate when a detailed development plan is initiated. The study is based on current legislation and its application, this will be investigated using various methods. To interpret the law about the concept, legal dignity approach has been used through different interpretation methods. In order to gain an understanding of how the law is applied, a legal sociological approach has been used. This was done by conducting a questionnaire survey, where all the municipalities in Sweden were asked how they interpret the concept. This has shown that the term is unclearly defined, as evidenced by the varying answers received from the municipalities in the survey. However, the majority of municipalities interpret the concept "initiate" according to the definitions that the National Board of Housing, Building and Planning and the government have formulated. What is also evident from the study is that the differences in the different legislation are large and that the municipality's conditions change significantly depending on when a detailed plan is "initiated". The study also shows that the units within the municipality interpret the term in a generally similar manner. The result of the legal interpretation and compilation of the survey shows that National Board of Housing, Building and Planning and the government's definitions of "initiated" detailed development plan are unclear. And that the existing definitions are in need of clarification for the application of these transitional rules by similar municipalities.
Fradinho, Bastos Ivan. "Marketing Introduction Plan for the New Generation of Sustainable Circuit Breakers LTA 420 kV : A real-life case for implementation at Hitachi ABB Power Grids." Thesis, KTH, Kemiteknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-297294.
Full textA circuit breaker is a safety device designed to interrupt power if a problem is detected. There are several kinds of circuit breakers for different applications. Low-voltage circuit breakers are used for household appliances, while high-voltage types are used for transmission networks. High-voltage circuit breakers use sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) gas as an insulating medium, which extinguishes the electric arc that is formed when power is cut. However, it is a huge hazard for the environment, as its global warming potential (GWP) is 23,500 times higher than that of CO2 gas. The company Hitachi ABB Power Grids developed the AirPlus™ technology, which replaces the SF6 gas with a carbon dioxide (CO2) based gas mixture. The presented degree project has evaluated the feasibility of reducing the use of SF6 through the AirPlus™ technology and then developed a strategy for the company Hitachi ABB Power Grids for the market introduction of the eco-efficient LTA 420 kV circuit breaker. This study covers the background research, market evaluation, and market strategy. It was done through research about the AirPlus™ technology and its competitors, so as qualitative and quantitative analysis of the LTA 420 kV circuit breaker implementation in the market. In conclusion, the study shows that the market introduction of the LTA 420 kV circuit breaker is feasible. Although CO2 is not as good an insulation medium as SF6, it is still good and presents strong customer benefits: GWP reduced by over 99.9%, compliance with new regulations, lower cost of ownership, fewer regulatory controls, reduced cost of handling the gas, and well-functioning at extremely low temperatures. The main concerns for Hitachi ABB Power Grids are related to market competition. Thus, it is advisable that the company works on an effective market introduction to assure a large market share.
Holmström, Petra. "Stängning av plankorsningar – med eller utan järnvägsplan?" Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Samhällsbyggnad, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-29986.
Full textTrafikverket strävar efter att effektivisera, öka kapaciteten och säkra tillgängligheten för landets vägar och järnvägar genom att bland annat ta bort järnvägsövergångar. Ökad kapacitet i form av högre hastigheter ställer högre krav på säkerheten vid järnvägsövergångar och stängning av plankorsningar mellan enskilda vägar och statliga järnvägar är en angelägen åtgärd nationellt. Målet med examensarbetet var att efterforska arbetsmetodiken kring stängning av plankorsningar samt att utreda vilka faktorer som påverkar effektiviteten och framdriften i projekt vid dels planläggningen dels genomförande av åtgärden. De frågeställningar som behandlades i denna uppsats var: ”Hur ser den nuvarande hanteringen ut vid stängning av plankorsningar och i vilka situationer skulle det vara användbart att tillämpa järnvägsplan?” och ”Hur ser projektgenomförandet ut i projekt som berör borttagande av plankorsningar med avseende på tid och kostnader?”. När det gäller upphävande av överfartsservitut i syfte att kunna stänga en plankorsning kan en järnvägsplan upprättas för att underlätta sådana servitutsåtgärder även om det inte direkt innebär "byggande av järnväg". Om det däremot ska upphävas utan stöd i järnvägsplan ska skyddsvillkoren i 5 kap och 7 kap FBL tillämpas fullt ut. Metoderna som användes var intervjuer och studie av järnvägsplaner och förrättningsakter. Det genomfördes tolv intervjuer, där sju personer representerade Trafikverket och fem förrättningslantmätare representerade Lantmäterimyndigheten, vilket bedömdes uppfylla den svarsmättnad som krävdes för att få frågeställningen besvarad med tillräcklig räckvidd. Det fanns ett begränsat antal järnvägsplaner som endast behandlade stängning av en plankorsning. Det fanns däremot ett flertal järnvägsplaner som behandlade stängning av plankorsningar, men då i samband med andra åtgärder som enligt lag är byggande eller ombyggnad av järnväg. Förenta nationernas globala hållbara mål består av 17 mål som syftar till att utrota fattigdom, stoppa klimatförändringar och skapa fredliga och trygga samhällen innan 2030. Varav mål 11 lyder: ”Hållbara städer och samhällen”, vilket ansågs berör denna uppsats problemformulering. Resultaten visade både för- och nackdelar med att tillämpa järnvägsplan vid stängning av plankorsningar. Det som kan konstateras efter den genomföra studien är att Trafikverket har en vilja att genomföra fler järnvägsplaner vid komplicerade plankorsningar och Lantmäterimyndigheten ser vissa fördelar från ett handläggningsperspektiv att tillämpa järnvägsplan.
Månsson, Martin. "Patterns and predictability of visual attention in different street types : An eye tracking study exploring the predictability of the distribution of human visual attention based on the spatial arrangements of buildings in a two-dimensional plan." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för fysisk planering, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-14564.
Full textVillamil, Velasquez Denny Carolina. "Integration of Sustainability Aspects in Product Portfolio." Licentiate thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för strategisk hållbar utveckling, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-19037.
Full textContact the author to receive a pdf of the full thesis (papers included): dcv@bth.se or telephone +46455385569
Nilsson, Jenny. "Förskolebarns tankar om vattnets kretslopp i naturen och i samhället. : skiljer sig pojkars och flickors svar åt?" Thesis, Karlstad University, Faculty of Technology and Science, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-3573.
Full textAbstract
The work will give the picture of what four- and five-year-olds know about the water cycle in nature and in the society. Is there any difference depending on whether a boy or a girl is answering? The work will as well try to describe a picture of how a pre-school could plan their work on a sustainable society, science, and increased gender equality. To answer these questions the information has been received from interviews with children and by studying pre-school’s local plan.
Earlier research on the area of water shows that it is important before working with a new topic to find out what knowledge the children already have, so that the process could be as worthwhile as possible. The proceeding work should be based on children’s previous knowledge of the topic.
The research has been done on twelve four- and five-year-old children with the help of individual interviews. The result of the research shows that the children have some knowledge of the words which are important for understanding of the water cycle in nature, but they are not capable of talking about the entirety, as the complete cycle. The water cycle in the society is even more difficult for the children to describe, although there were some children who could explain the function of the water tower. The children do not even show the understanding or knowledge of the words which are included into the concept. The local plan gives a good picture of how the work could be planned in an appropriate way to increase the environmental awareness and equality.
To sum up, this work will show a picture of what children know nowadays about the water cycle. Different answers can be received depending on the location of the pre-school. Identical background can lead to similar answers. If pre-schools have an opportunity to go to the forest often, the children then have the experience from there as well and answer more similar than if the opportunity doesn’t exist. The teacher shall help the children to explore there environment in as simple and interesting way. A well-planned local plan helps the pre-school become as good as possible. The children feel participating if they get attention and praise.
Key-words: The water cycle, Children's thoughts, Gender, Local plan.
Sammanfattning
Arbetet ger en bild av vad fyra och femåringar kan om vattnets kretslopp i naturen och i samhället. Är det någon skillnad i svar om det är en pojke eller en flicka som svarat? Det försöker även ge en bild av hur en förskola kan planera för ett hållbart samhälle, naturvetenskap, och ökad jämställdhet. Information för att få svar på dessa frågor har hämtats från barnintervjuer och studie av förskolans lokala verksamhetsplan.
Tidigare forskning inom området vatten visar på att det är viktigt att man tar reda på vad barnen har för förkunskaper när ett nytt område startas för att det ska bli så bra som möjligt. Barnens förkunskaper ska vara en grund för det fortsatta arbetet.
Studien har genomförts på tolv stycken barn i fyra- fem års åldern i enskilda intervjuer. Resultaten av undersökningen visar på att barnen har kunskap kring en del ord som är viktiga för att förstå vattnets kretslopp i naturen men de kan inte sätta ihop detta till en helhet, ett slutet kretslopp. Vattnets kretslopp i samhället är än svårare för barnen att kunna förklara även om det fanns barn som kunde redogöra för vattentornets funktion. Barnen har sämre förståelse och kunskap om vilka ord som berör vattnets kretslopp. Verksamhetsplanen ger en god bild av hur man kan planera sin verksamhet på ett bra sätt för ökad miljömedvetenhet och jämställdhet.¨
Sammanfattningsvis ska detta arbete försöka spegla vad barn kan idag om vattnets kretslopp. Svaren kan skilja sig åt beroende på var någonstans förskolan är placerad. Lika förutsättningar kan leda till liknande svar. Om förskolor har möjlighet att gå till skogen ofta har barnen en erfarenhet därifrån och svarar då mer lika än om möjligheten inte finns. Pedagogen ska hjälpa barnen att kunna utforska sin omgivning på ett enkelt och roligt sätt. En bra och genomtänkt verksamhetsplan hjälper arbetet på förskolan att bli så bra som möjligt. Barnen känner sig delaktiga om de får uppmärksamhet och beröm.
Nyckelord: Vattnets kretslopp, Barns tankar, Genus, Verksamhetsplan.
Hansen, Simon, and Fredrik Karlsson. "Selektivplan för högspänningsnät i södra Sverige : 130-, 20-, 10 kV." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för fysik och elektroteknik (IFE), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-96812.
Full textBerglund, Helena. "Personcentrerad vård för ökad delaktighet : Ett förbättringsarbete av patientdelaktighet på en kirurgisk vårdavdelning." Thesis, Hälsohögskolan, Jönköping University, HHJ. Kvalitetsförbättring och ledarskap inom hälsa och välfärd, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-49711.
Full textBackground: There are clear signals that health care should provide person-centered care for the citizens. There is also a wish to increase the possibility for the patient to be involved in their care. The person-centered care can provide an opportunity for the patient to become co-creators and not only recipients of care. Purpose: The purpose of the improvement work was to increase the patient's opportunity for participation by implementing patient narrative and care plan. The purpose of the study is to make visible the employees' experience of working with the patient narrative and care plan to create patient participation. Method: The improvement work was implemented with the support of Nolan's improvement model and 5P was used to assess the unit. The ideas tested were the introduction of a patient narrative and a documented care plan. Data collection for the study was conducted with interviews of six employees and analyzed with qualitative content analysis. Results: The proportion of patients who felt that they had participated in the decisions regarding their care/treatment on the ward to the extent they wanted, increased from 77% to 95%, that can be seen as a positive effect on patient participation. The qualitative content analysis of interviews with employees was identified in three categories: the patient's care, knowledge/communication and organization/working methods where both facilitators and barriers could be seen. Conclusion: Person-centered care increases the possibility for the patient to participate in their care in an emergency surgical ward.
Bergqvist, Isabelle. "First Impressions Last : Ett förbättringsarbete av introduktionsprocessen hos Sandviken kommuns Servicekontor." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskaper, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-387356.
Full textThe induction process creates a first impression of the organisation and have a great importance regarding new employees’ comfort at work. An inadequate or seemingly absent induction process for new hires can therefore be vital regarding if the person choose to stay in the organisation or look for other alternatives. In the pre study a survey was conducted at Servicekontoret, Sandviken municipality. The purpose of the survey was to find out why Servicekontoret had a hard time finding and retaining new employees. The survey showed that Servicekontorets poor induction program of new employees was the main reason. The purpose of this study was to create and implement a digital induction program with routines. To enable to map the current state and identify potential improvements, eight interviews, one observation and one document collection were conducted. The result was analysed against a framework based on Human Resource Management (HRM) and Total Quality Management (TQM). The analyse proved that Servicekontorets induction program was characterized by individualized socialization tactics rather than institutionalized socialization tactics. A negative result since research has shown that employees tend to experience more positive job attitudes, higher levels of fit, and lower levels of turnover after they go through institutionalized socialization tactics compared with those who undergo individualized tactics. Based on previous research, the new induction program was designed according to institutionalized socialization tactics. The program has also been designed based on diversity strategies and new routines have been developed, including following up on new hires. Finally, the program has undergone a quality assurance based on TQM. It is important to keep in mind that quality management is an ongoing work rather than project management with a definite beginning and end. The new induction program creates a good first impression of Servicekontoret, but it is not enough to ensure that new employees will stay in the organisation. It is now up to Servicekontoret to administer the result from this study and continue improving the induction.
Säterberg, Linnéa, and Erik Holmberg. "Är hållbar utveckling hållbart? : En studie om svenska kommuners arbete för hållbar utveckling inom fysisk planering." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för fysisk planering, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-19766.
Full textKhalil, Shirin. "Estetikideal : En studie om byggnaders gestaltning och estetik i Östra Sala backe." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-340205.
Full textAndersson, Henrik, and Christoffer Bosson. "Landsbygdsutveckling i strandnära lägen : En kartläggande och jämförande studie av hur kommuner och Länsstyrelser tillämpar lagstiftningen." Thesis, Högskolan Väst, Avdelningen för Matematik, Data- och Lantmäteriteknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-13999.
Full text2009/2010 a new concept was brought into Environmental code and Planning and Building Act, which was countryside development in areas close to shores (LIS). This amendment was motivated by that areas which have a low degree of exploited land area and high access to seaside areas would get an opportunity to reliefs in coastal protection regulations, in order to be able to offer attractive areas for living and establishing different activities within the municipality. Since the amendment came into force the main responsibility for approval of exceptions from costal protection regulations is on the county. The county administrative board main responsibility is to keep an eye on the granted approvals of the municipalities. The amendments in the Planning and Building Act resulted in the possibility for the municipalities to present areas in with a relief in coastal protection regulations, as a part of the comprehensive plan, an addition to the comprehensive plan or an extensive version for a part of the comprehensive plan. The purpose of this study is to investigate and compare how the legislation about LIS is applied, by studying 44 municipalities including the documents of comments from the county administrative board. The first part of the study is the quantitative part which contains collecting and compile information and statistics in which the study will be founded. The study also contains a qualitative part of analyzing the results obtained in the quantitative part. Overall the study shows that there is a disagreement between the municipalities and the county administrative board regarding costal protection regulation. The conclusion is based on the results from the study presenting the comments from the county administrative board to the municipalities during the final examine before the comprehensive plan is adopted by the municipal council. The results in the study show a pattern in the most frequent comments from the county administrative board compiled. The most common comment from the county administrative board is that the municipality has not fulfilled the purpose of the legislation about LIS. Furthermore, the municipality has not considered national interests in the municipal areas meant for LIS. The study shows that different political ideology has an influence on the execution of the legislation about LIS in municipalities. The results in the study show that the political ideology has an impact on the numbers of areas which the municipalities present as LIS. As a matter of fact, the impact of political ideology is greater than the impact of geographical similarities between two municipalities, according to the results in the study.
Karlsson, Anette, and Mimmi Lasses. "Innehållsanalys av cykelplaner med ett jämställdhetsperspektiv : En granskning av sex svenska kommuner." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Samhällsbyggnad, GIS, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-27021.
Full textBy implementing gender equality, citizens' interests and rights may be met by considering various aspects of its perception. A gender equality perspective captures different aspects of the notion and contribute to an increase in social sustainability. Gender equality is achieved when women, men, girls, and boys have equal rights, conditions and opportunities to shape their lives in accordance to their own free will. This also includes a fair power balance between the genders and their ability to actively influence on social development. In an urbanized society, the use of land needs to be optimized and effective. Therefore, a sustainable and optimized transportation system, can contribute to a sustainable society. In the long-term perspective, this could mean a better day to day living situation for the future urban citizen. To achieve national and global sustainability goals, the bicycle will be more important for the society. Regarding the bicycle as means of a more active and modern way of transportation, strategic planning for bicycles is a relatively new phenomena in Swedish municipalities. Currently there are no national guidelines or strategies for how such planning and development should be executed. Today the municipalities themselves are responsible to develop their own strategic documents regarding how the bicycle could be implemented into their future local community. The purpose of this study was to find out if gender equality is integrated into bicycling transportations plans from six Swedish municipalities, using a content analysis. The aim of the study was to create a basis of analysis that can be used to ensure equality in bicycle transportation plans. Gender equality is a complex issue and through the literature study, the term have been broken down to eight aspects to create an easier understanding. To perform the content analysis, a checklist was created. The checklist was based on two existing checklists from SKL (Sveriges Kommuner och Landsting) and Alingsås municipality, which subsequently was developed by abduction between bicycle transportation plans and the checklist. The results of the study show that gender equality is difficult to integrate into bicycle transportation plans. The study has contributed to an analytical method that enables a qualitative review of gender equality in strategic planning documents. For municipalities to increase gender equality in planning documents, this study has provided a proposal for an instrument, a gender equality impact report. This instrument will serve as a support for municipalities to integrate gender equality early in work processes and be used continuously in the development of society.
Yakinthou, Christalla. "Between Scylla and Charybdis : Cyprus and the problem of engineering political settlements for divided societies." University of Western Australia. School of Social and Cultural Studies, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0113.
Full textJohnsson, Ellinor. "Design of high-throughput assays for the analysis of plant cell wall polysaccharides." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemi, bioteknologi och hälsa (CBH), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-233548.
Full textVäxtcellväggar innehåller en stor variation av värdefulla polysackarider möjliga att utnyttja för olika ändamål. För att profilera de olika polysackariderna krävs snabba och hållbara analytiska metoder med hög kapacitet. För närvarande existerar få metoder som är designade för detta syfte. Ett tillvägagångssätt har utformats för att utveckla en analytisk metod baserad på enzymatisk dekonstruktion och ”soft” jonisering masspektrometri.Primär cellvägg extraherades från celler härstammande från den väl etablerade modellväxten poppel för att verka som ett initialt testobjekt. Cellväggen renades till alkohol-olöslig residual. Rena och specifika enzymer valdes baserat på litteratur för att dekonstruera polysackariderna samt evaluerades med hjälp av standard socker substrat. Enzymaktivitet mättes genom användning av en snabb och pålitlig reducerande sockeranalys. Erhållna oligosackarider renades innan elektrospray joniserande masspektrometri. Utfallet av tesen presenterar en introduktion till en snabb och hållbar analytisk metod med hög kapacitet för profilering av polysackarider i växtcellväggar
Jensen, Therese, and Philip Söderman. "The impact of building regulations on the price of a property : A study on the construction and real estate industry's views on building regulations." Thesis, KTH, Byggteknik och design, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-302531.
Full textBefolkningen ökar ständigt i Sverige och framför allt i storstäderna. En pågående utmaning för landets kommuner är därför att se till att utbudet av bostäder möter efterfrågan och att det rådande underskottet på bostäder hämtas upp. För att göra det krävs en hög och jämn byggtakt. Vidare har de höga slutpriserna som i dagsläget föreligger på bostadsrätter, försatt låginkomsttagare utanför bostadsmarknaden och även skapat problem för medelinkomsttagare att förvärva en bostad. I detta examensarbete undersöks relationen mellan slutpriser på bostadsrätter och produktionskostnaderna för flerbostadshus samt om de svenska byggreglerna påverkar produktionskostnaderna. I förlängningen undersöker examensarbetet huruvida kraven i de svenska byggreglerna genererar merkostnader som i sin tur leder till dyrare priser på bostadsrätter. Hur ny- och ombyggnation ska utformas regleras i ett antal lagar, föreskrifter och allmänna råd, där Plan- och bygglagen och Boverkets Byggregler styr. Reglerna ska i sin tur verka nationellt och det är därmed enligt Plan- och bygglagen inte tillåtet för kommunerna att ställa egna särkrav. Dock visar resultatet av examensarbetet att byggbolagen upplever att det finns en viss tolkningsfrihet och lokala formuleringar av de rådande kraven. De menar att detta leder till att processen skiljer sig åt beroende på i vilken kommun nyproduktionen projekterats för samt vilken bygglovshandläggare som hanterar ärendet. Vidare resulterar detta i projekt som är svåra att planera och i vissa fall ger högre kostnader. Sverige har jämfört med övriga länder i Europa höga produktionskostnader vilket enligt litteraturöversikten anses ha en direkt koppling till bland annat kravställningarna och konkurrensen på marknaden. Dessutom presenterar resultatet att kravställningarna försvårar produktionen samt implementeringen av standardprodukter och innovationer. Detta leder till att byggbranschen generellt sett får det svårt att utvecklas industriellt, byggtekniskt och ur ett kostnadsperspektiv. Bristande förutsägbarhet är framför allt kostnadsdrivande när det handlar om tillgänglighet, bostadsutformning och brandskydd. Slutligen visar studien att lägre produktionskostnader kan leda till större konkurrens genom att det underlättar för fler byggbolag att etablera sig på marknaden. Detta skulle resultera i att fler bostäder skulle kunna byggas till lägre produktionskostnader vilket motiverar byggbolagen att investera i nya projekt. Eftersom resultatet tyder på att produktionskostnaderna inte påverkar slutpriserna utan snarare investeringsviljan hos byggbolagen, skulle också ett större utbud av bostäder pressa ned slutpriserna.
Dahlbäck, Marcus. "Evaluation of models for process time delay estimation in a pulp bleaching plant." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för fysik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-172787.
Full textNgo, Phuong Linh. "Detection of in-plane orbital manoeuvres from a catalogue of geostationary objects." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Rymdteknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-81475.
Full textAlinaghizadeh, Hassan. "Radioactive fall-out from the Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident in 1986 and cancer rates in Sweden, a 25-year follow up." Licentiate thesis, Uppsala universitet, Arbets- och miljömedicin, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-380570.
Full textKühlen, Anna [Verfasser], and F. [Akademischer Betreuer] Schultmann. "Techno-Economic and Environmentally Conscious Deconstruction Project Planning and Decision Support (TEE-D-Plan) / Anna Kühlen ; Betreuer: F. Schultmann." Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1132997364/34.
Full textKirschbaum, Anna Lilith Shiva [Verfasser]. "Evolution of plant phenotypic plasticity in response to grassland management / Anna Lilith Shiva Kirschbaum." Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2022. http://d-nb.info/1241537119/34.
Full textCastagnino, Ugolotti Vania. "Persuasive Meaningful Play : Exploring the video game Behind Every Great One." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-17728.
Full textSöderlund, Matias. "Claim management in EPC-Projects : A case study of claim causes and claim management during plant installation." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskaper, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-355309.
Full textReimark, Josefin. "How has time and space affected plant biodiversity in the Hjälmö-Lådna archipelago?" Licentiate thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för naturgeografi och kvartärgeologi (INK), 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-79230.
Full textRothoff, Alexander. "Evaluating a Power Supply System for a Small-Scale Cocoa Processing Plant : A Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis Approach." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för Industriell utveckling, IT och Samhällsbyggnad, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-26160.
Full textSchulte, Anna Julia [Verfasser]. "Light-trapping and Superhydrophobic Plant Surfaces : Optimized Multifunctional Biomimetic Surfaces for Solar Cells / Anna Julia Schulte." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1044082224/34.
Full textMärtin, Lea Lucia Anna Verfasser], and Carl [Akademischer Betreuer] [Beierkuhnlein. "Positive and negative dynamics of plant-plant interactions along environmental gradients: Effects at individual and community level / Lea Lucia Anna Märtin. Betreuer: Carl Beierkuhnlein." Bayreuth : Universität Bayreuth, 2010. http://d-nb.info/105990912X/34.
Full textJohansson, Adam. "Phased Array System toolbox: An implementation of Radar System : A qualitative study of plane geometry and bearing estimation." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap och fysik (from 2013), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-66930.
Full textNickel, Anna-Elisa Catharina [Verfasser], and Serena [Akademischer Betreuer] Schwenkert. "Role of protein phosphorylation in preprotein targeting to plant organelles / Anna-Elisa Catharina Nickel ; Betreuer: Serena Schwenkert." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1141576236/34.
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