Relevant bibliographies by topics / Anisotropie distribuée

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers
  5. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Anisotropie distribuée'

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Published: 25 May 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Anisotropie distribuée"

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Rongkonusa, Melisa, Gerald Tamuntuan, and Guntur Pasau. "Analisis Anisotropi Suseptibilitas Magnetik Batuan Beku Lengan Utara Sulawesi." Jurnal MIPA 6, no. 1 (May 2, 2017): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.35799/jm.6.1.2017.15846.

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Telah dilakukan penelitian untuk menentukan pola anisotropi suseptibilitas magnetik dan status singkapan batuan beku dari pola yang diperoleh. Pengukuran anisotropi suseptibilitas magnetic dilakukan pada lima sampel batuan beku dari Sulawesi Utara menggunakan Bartington MS2B. Arah pengukuran sampel disesuaikan dengan desain Tauxe. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa suseptibilitas maksimum terdistribusi disekitar arah utara dan timur. Sedangkan suseptibilitas intermediet dan minimum terdistribusi disekitar Utara-Timur dan Timur-Selatan. Elipsoida suseptibilitas cenderung prolate atau lebih lonjong. Batuan beku yang dianalisis merupakan kelompok batuan terobosan yang mekanisme lelehannya terjadi secara vertikal.A research has been conducted to determine the anisotropic pattern of magnetic susceptibility and the status of igneous rocks exposure from the obtained pattern. We have measured the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility on five samples of igneous rock from North Sulawesi by Bartington MS2B. The position of samples were adjusted according to the Tauxe’s design. The result shows that the maximum susceptibility is distributed around northward and eastward, while the intermediate and minimum susceptibility are distributed around nortward-eastward and eastward-southward. The susceptibility ellipsoid tends to be prolate or more oval. This shows that the igneous rocks that have been analyzed are group of intrusive rocks which melting mechanism occurs through vertical fracture.enetie
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Hasheminejad, S. M., and M. Maleki. "Effect of Interface Anisotropy on Elastic Wave Propagation in Particulate Composites." Journal of Mechanics 24, no. 1 (March 2008): 79–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1727719100001581.

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ABSTRACTThe scattering of time harmonic plane longitudinal and transverse elastic waves in a composite consisting of randomly distributed identical isotropic spherical inclusions embedded in an isotropic matrix with anisotropic interface layers is examined. The interface region is modeled as a spherically isotropic shell of finite thickness with five independent elastic constants. The Frobenius power series solution method is utilized to deal with the interface anisotropy and the effect of random distribution of particulates in the composite medium is taken into account via a recently developed generalized self-consistent multiple scattering model. Numerical values of phase velocities and attenuations of coherent plane waves as well as the effective elastic constants are obtained for a moderately wide range of frequencies, particle concentrations, and interface anisotropies. The numerical results reveal the significant dependence of phase velocities and effective elastic constants on the interface properties. They show that interface anisotropy can moderately depress the effective phase velocities and the elastic moduli, but leave effective attenuation nearly unaffected, especially at low and intermediate frequencies. Limiting cases are considered and good agreements with recent solutions have been obtained.
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Liu, Honglei, Wenhao Shi, and Tianhong Yang. "Numerical Modeling on Anisotropy of Seepage and Stress Fields of Stratified Rock Slope." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2020 (April 7, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/4956025.

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Stratified rock mass is a common rock mass structure and distributed widely on the earth’s crust. High-density distribution of stratified structural planes in the stratified rock mass has a great influence on the mechanics properties of the rock mass, such as anisotropy of stress and seepage. Therefore, anisotropy is the inherent characteristic that must be considered in the stratified rock mass as well as the stratified rock slope stability. According to the anisotropic characteristics of stratified rock mass, an anisotropic seepage-stress coupled model for the mechanical behavior of stratified rock slope is proposed based on the anisotropy elasticity theory. The model is validated by simulating seepage and stress fields of an idealized slope using the finite element method. The deformation and stress-dependent permeability of the slope are predicted and compared well with the previous study, thus confirming its capability in characterizing the response of rock slope that is dominantly affected by rock anisotropy. Finally, the model is used to simulate the anisotropic properties of a stratified rock slope of Fushun west open-pit mine, China. The simulation is in good agreement with the actual measurement, which means the proposed model is capable of simulating anisotropic properties of the stratified rock slope.
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Stiskalek, Richard, John Veitch, and Chris Messenger. "Are stellar-mass binary black hole mergers isotropically distributed?" Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 501, no. 1 (November 21, 2020): 970–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa3613.

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ABSTRACT The Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo gravitational wave detectors have detected a population of binary black hole mergers in their first two observing runs. For each of these events, we have been able to associate a potential sky location region represented as a probability distribution on the sky. Thus, at this point we may begin to ask the question of whether this distribution agrees with the isotropic model of the Universe, or if there is any evidence of anisotropy. We perform Bayesian model selection between an isotropic and a simple anisotropic model, taking into account the anisotropic selection function caused by the underlying antenna patterns and sensitivity of the interferometers over the sidereal day. We find an inconclusive Bayes factor of 1.3: 1, suggesting that the data from the first two observing runs are insufficient to pick a preferred model. However, the first detections were mostly poorly localized in the sky (before the Advanced Virgo joined the network), spanning large portions of the sky and hampering detection of potential anisotropy. It will be appropriate to repeat this analysis with events from the recent third LIGO observational run and a more sophisticated cosmological model.
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Trach, V. M., A. V. Podvornyi, and N. B. Zhukova. "Stability of non-thin anisotropic cylindrical shells in spatial position under distributed lateral pressure." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Series: Physics and Mathematics, no. 2 (2023): 152–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1812-5409.2023/2.26.

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A three-dimensional approach to solving the problem of stability of non-thin cylindrical anisotropic layered shells under distributed lateral pressure is proposed. Based on the modified Hu-Washizu variational principle, a three-dimensional system of homogeneous differential stability equations is obtained for the calculation of shells, the anisotropy of which is characterized by a material with one plane of elastic symmetry. The solution of the three-dimensional system was carried out using the Bubnov-Galerkin methods and numerical discrete orthogonalization. The influence of an increase in the number of cross-laid layers of the same thickness on the stability of an anisotropic cylindrical shell is studied. The results of the solution are presented by graphs and their analysis is given.
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Li, Wei, Douglas R. Schmitt, Maria Tibbo, and Changchun Zou. "A program to calculate the state of stress in the vicinity of an inclined borehole through an anisotropic rock formation." GEOPHYSICS 84, no. 5 (September 1, 2019): F103—F118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2018-0097.1.

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A borehole existing in any geologic formation concentrates the far-field tectonic and overburden stresses amplifying the magnitudes of certain stress components near the borehole. It is important to understand the magnitudes and patterns of this stress concentration because these lead to damage and can even collapse the borehole if sufficiently strong. The solution of the stress distributed near a borehole can be complicated considering the elastic anisotropy of rocks. We have developed programs (ASCIB3D) in MATLAB and Python to model the stress distribution around an inclined borehole in an arbitrarily oriented anisotropic medium. The program is built on the Lekhnitskij-Amadei solution. The input orientation of the far-field stresses and the elastic stiffness matrix of the medium into the program are geology angles instead of the rotation angles shown in previous studies, making the code more convenient for users. The sign convention for the inverse function, which is ignored in previous studies, is discussed in detail. The results indicate that the program ASCIB3D is a useful tool for modeling the stress distributed around an inclined borehole in the anisotropic formation and analyzing the effect of anisotropy and borehole inclination on stress distribution. The inclination and azimuth of the borehole and the anisotropy of the rocks affect the orientation and strength of the stress concentration.
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Abbasnejadfard, Morteza, Morteza Bastami, and Afshin Fallah. "Investigation of anisotropic spatial correlations of intra-event residuals of multiple earthquake intensity measures using latent dimensions method." Geophysical Journal International 222, no. 2 (May 21, 2020): 1449–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggaa255.

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SUMMARY Considering spatial correlation of multiple earthquake intensity measures (IMs) is of particular importance in loss assessment of spatially distributed assets. This subject has been investigated in previous studies under the assumption of isotropy. Considering the fact that the assumption of isotropy is not valid in general, the present study employs a non-separable covariance model based on latent dimensions method to investigate anisotropic properties of spatial correlations and cross-correlations of intra-event residuals of multiple earthquake IMs. This method leads to the generation of valid covariance matrix in order to model anisotropic spatially distributed multivariate random fields. Two sets of IMs are considered in this study; the first set consists of peak ground intensity values (acceleration, velocity, and displacement), and the second set consists of spectral accelerations at three different periods. Data of 10 earthquake events in California and Japan are utilized in this study to estimate parameters of marginal and cross-covariance models. Moreover, parameters of covariance model of regional site condition, which is considered as average shear wave velocity of top 30 m of soil profile (Vs30), are obtained in order to investigate the effect of local sited conditions on spatial correlations of IMs. It is shown that maximum range and anisotropy ratio of covariance models of intra-event residuals of IMs are correlated with those of Vs30 values. Also, it is observed that the anisotropy direction of residuals of IMs is consistent with anisotropy direction of Vs30 values. Finally, predictive models are proposed to obtain marginal and cross-covariance functions for different earthquake IMs considering anisotropy.
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MALARZ, K. "A SIMPLE SOLID-ON-SOLID MODEL OF EPITAXIAL FILM GROWTH: SUBMONOLAYER SUBSTRATE COVERAGE." International Journal of Modern Physics C 11, no. 08 (December 2000): 1561–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183100001449.

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In this work, we investigate the influence of substrate temperature on the surface morphology for substrate coverage below one monolayer. The model of film growth is based on random deposition enriched by limited surface diffusion. Also, anisotropy in the growth is involved. We found from computer simulations for the simple cubic lattice and solid-on-solid model that the surface morphology changes with increasing temperature from isotropically distributed isolated small islands through anisotropic 1D stripes to larger 2D anisotropic islands and again randomly distributed single atoms. The transition is also marked in height–height correlation function dependence on temperature as directly seen by snapshots from simulations. The results are in good qualitative agreement with already published results of kinetic Monte Carlo simulations as well as with some experimental data.
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Безверхний, А. И., А. Д. Таланцев, Ю. Е. Калинин, А. В. Ситников, В. A. Никитенко, О. В. Коплак, О. С. Дмитриев, and Р. Б. Моргунов. "Магнитная анизотропия многослойных гетероструктур [(Co-=SUB=-41-=/SUB=-Fe-=SUB=-39-=/SUB=-B-=SUB=-20-=/SUB=-)-=SUB=-x-=/SUB=-(SiO-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-)-=SUB=-100-x-=/SUB=-/Bi-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-Te-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-]-=SUB=-47-=/SUB=-." Физика твердого тела 61, no. 2 (2019): 266. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/ftt.2019.02.47124.235.

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AbstractMagnetic anisotropy values are obtained for [(Co_41Fe_39B_20)_ x (SiO_2)_100 – _ x /Bi_2Te_3]_47 heterostructures consisting of SiO_2 alternating layers, CoFeB nanoparticles distributed in them, and Bi_2Te_3 layers with ferromagnetic resonance and magnetometry. The heterostructures have anisotropy of ~10^6 erg/cm^3, which orients the magnetic moment in films plane. The films are not solid, but they disintegrate into CoFeB nanoparticles with an average diameter of 5 nm during deposition, which corresponds to the blocking magnetization temperature of ~30 K during their saturation magnetization of M _ S = 720 emu/cm^3. The relationship between anisotropy constant and thickness of the layers of the heterostructures is nonmonotonic due to competition between surface and bulk anisotropies of the ferromagnetic granules, which the films are made of.
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Kumar, Rajneesh, and Raj Rani Gupta. "Deformation due to various sources in a fibre-reinforced anisotropic generalized thermoelastic medium." Canadian Journal of Physics 87, no. 2 (February 2009): 179–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p09-017.

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The present investigation is concerned with the deformation of a fibre-reinforced, anisotropic, generalized thermoelastic medium subjected to mechanical and thermal sources acting on the plane surface. Close-form solutions for stresses and temperature distribution are derived using Laplace transforms for time and Fourier transforms for space. As an application of the approach concentrated, uniformly distributed, and linearly distributed sources are taken. A numerical inversion technique is applied to obtain the solution in the physical domain. Effects of anisotropy and thermal relaxation are shown graphically on the resulting quantities.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Anisotropie distribuée"

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Catapano, Anita. "Optimisation en Rigidité et Résistance de l'Anisotropie distribuée pour Structures Stratifiées." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00952372.

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Cette thèse porte sur le développement d'une nouvelle stratégie pour l'analyse et la conception optimale de structures anisotropes par rapport à la rigidité et à la résistance. Nous considérons des structures avec une géométrie donné et caractérisés par un champ de rigidité et de résistance anisotropes et variables. Le travail a été divisé en trois parties. Dans la première partie nous présentons les différents concepts et instruments utilisé pour développer la recherche. Dans la deuxième partie nous proposons une formulation invariante, à travers la méthode polaire, de différents critères de rupture polynomiaux pour matériaux orthotropes. Cette formulation invariante a été utilisée, ensuite, pour résoudre le problème de déterminer l'orientation optimale de plis orthotropes afin de maximiser leur résistance. Dans la dernière partie de la thèse nous abordons le problème de la conception optimale de structures stratifiés. Notre approche est inspiré par une stratégie à deux étapes déjà existent pour la seule maximisation de la rigidité. Dans la première étape de la stratégie nous avons déterminé (à l'aide de trois algorithmes) la distribution optimale des paramètres matériaux d'une structure ayant géométrie donnée. Dans la deuxième étape nous avons résolu le problème de déterminer un empilement qui satisfait à la distribution optimale des paramètres matériaux trouvé à l'étape précédente. Pour ce qui concerne la première étape nous avons défini un nouveau critère de rupture par invariants valable pour un stratifié modelé comme une plaque homogène équivalente. Après, conscientes d'avoir deux fonctionnels à minimiser, l'énergie complémentaire pour maximiser la rigidité et l'indice de résistance du critère développé pour maximiser la résistance, nous avons formalisé le problème d'optimisation à travers une minimisation séquentielle des deux fonctionnels. Concernant la deuxième étape, nous avons utilisé une approche polaire-génétique pour le problème de conception du stratifié avec une phase de vérification sur la rupture du premier pli.
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Cianci, Christopher Michael. "Distributed intelligent algorithms for robotic sensor networks monitoring discontinuous anisotropic environmental fields /." Lausanne : EPFL, 2009. http://library.epfl.ch/theses/?nr=4247.

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Thèse Ecole polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne EPFL, no 4247 (2009), Faculté informatique et communications IC, Programme doctoral Informatique, Communications et Information, Institut des sciences et technologies de l'environnement ISTE (Laboratoire de systèmes et algorithmes intelligents distribués DISAL). Dir.: Alcherio Martinoli.
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Fooladi, Samaneh, and Tribikram Kundu. "Application of distributed point source method (DPSM) to wave propagation in anisotropic media." SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625391.

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Distributed Point Source Method (DPSM) was developed by Placko and Kundu 1, as a technique for modeling electromagnetic and elastic wave propagation problems. DPSM has been used for modeling ultrasonic, electrostatic and electromagnetic fields scattered by defects and anomalies in a structure. The modeling of such scattered field helps to extract valuable information about the location and type of defects. Therefore, DPSM can be used as an effective tool for Non-Destructive Testing (NDT). Anisotropy adds to the complexity of the problem, both mathematically and computationally. Computation of the Green's function which is used as the fundamental solution in DPSM is considerably more challenging for anisotropic media, and it cannot be reduced to a closed-form solution as is done for isotropic materials. The purpose of this study is to investigate and implement DPSM for an anisotropic medium. While the mathematical formulation and the numerical algorithm will be considered for general anisotropic media, more emphasis will be placed on transversely isotropic materials in the numerical example presented in this paper. The unidirectional fiber-reinforced composites which are widely used in today's industry are good examples of transversely isotropic materials. Development of an effective and accurate NDT method based on these modeling results can be of paramount importance for in-service monitoring of damage in composite structures.
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Fischer, Jiří. "Analýza vlivu směrové distribuce kolagenních vláken ve stěně tepny na její mechanické vlastnosti." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-418206.

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The aim of this thesis is to analyse literature with focusing on literature about directional distribution of collagen fibres. This knowledge is very important for computational modelling and FEM analysis of arterial wall. Comparison of suitability of different models of directional distribution of collagen fibres is made by fitting of different types of probability density functions. Impact assessment of different collagen fibres distribution on mechanical properties of the arterial wall and impact assessment of wall anisotropy is solved with finite element method. FEM analysis is done on three loading types – uniaxial tension, equibiaxial tension and inflation of artery by internal pressure. Output of this thesis is evaluation of results for various types of collagen fibres arrangement in arterial wall.
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Viville, Quentin. "A method of hp-adaptation for Residual Distribution schemes." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0408/document.

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Cette thèse présente la construction d’un schéma aux Résidus Distribués p-adaptatif pour la discrétisation des équations d’Euler ainsi qu’un schéma aux Résidus Distribués hp-adaptatif pour les équations de Navier- Stokes pénalisées. On rappelle tout d’abord les équations d’Euler et de Navier-Stokes ainsi que leurs versions non dimensionnelles. Les définitions et propriétés de base des schémas aux Résidus Distribués sont ensuite présentées. On décrit alors la construction d’un schéma aux Résidus Distribués p-adaptatif pour les équations d’Euler. La construction du schéma p-adaptatif est basée sur la possibilité d’exprimer le résidu total d’un élément K de degré k (au sens où l’élément fini (K; P; Sigma ) est un élément fini de degré k) comme une somme pondérée des résidus totaux de ses sous-éléments de degré 1. La solution discrète ainsi obtenue est en général discontinue à l’interface entre un élément subdivisé et un élément non subdivisé. Ceci contredit l’hypothèse de continuité de la solution qui est utilisée pour démontrer le théorème de Lax-Wendroff discret pour les schémas aux Résidus Distribués. Cependant, on montre que cette hypothèse peut être assouplie. La conséquence pratique est que si l’on emploie des quadratures particulières dans l’implémentation numérique, on peut quand même démontrer le théorème de Lax-Wendroff discret, ce qui garantit la convergence du schéma numérique vers une solution faible des équations d’origine. Les formules qui permettent d’exprimer le résidu total comme une somme pondérée des résidus totaux des sous-éléments sont à la base de la méthode de p-adaptation présentée ici. Dans le cas quadratique, la formule est obtenue avec les classiques fonctions de base de Lagrange en dimension deux et avec des fonctions de base de Bézier en dimension trois. Ces deux formules sont ensuite généralisées à des degrés polynomiaux quelconques en dimension deux et trois avec des fonctions de base de Bézier. Dans la deuxième partie de la thèse, on présente l’application du schéma p-adaptatif aux équations pénalisées de Navier-Stokes avec adaptation de maillage anisotrope. . En pratique, on combine le schéma p-adaptatif avec la méthode IBM-LS-AUM (Immersed Boundary Method with Level Sets and Adapted Unstructured Meshes). La méthode IBM-LS-AUM permet d’imposer les conditions aux bords grâce à la méthode de pénalisation et l’adaptation anisotrope du maillage à la solution numérique et à la level-set augmente la précision de la solution et de la représentation de la surface. Une fois la méthode IBM-LS-AUM combinée avec le schéma p-adaptatif, il est alors possible d’utiliser des éléments d’ordre élevés en-dehors de la zone où la pénalisation est appliquée. La méthode est robuste comme le montrent les diverses expérimentations numériques à des vitesses faibles à élevées et à différents nombres de Reynolds
This thesis presents the construction of a p-adaptive Residual Distribution scheme for the steady Euler equations and a hp-adaptive Residual Distribution scheme for the steady penalized Navier-Stokes equations in dimension two and three. The Euler and Navier-Stokes equations are recalled along with their non dimensional versions. The basis definitions and properties of the steady Residual Distribution schemes are presented. Then, the construction of a p-adaptive Residual Distribution scheme for the Euler equations is considered. The construction of the p-adaptive scheme is based upon the expression of the total residual of an element of a given degree k (in the Finite Element sense) into the total residuals of its linear sub-elements. The discrete solution obtained with the p-adaptive scheme is then a one degree polynomial in the divided elements and a k-th degree polynomial in the undivided ones. Therefore, the discrete solution is in general discontinuous at the interface between a divided element and an undivided one. This is in apparent contradiction with the continuity assumption used in general to demonstrate the discrete Lax-Wendroff theorem for Residual Distribution schemes. However, as we show in this work, this constrain can be relaxed. The consequence is that if special quadrature formulas are employed in the numerical implementation, the discrete Lax-Wendroff theorem can still be proved, which guaranties the convergence of the p-adaptive scheme to a weak solution of the governing equations. The formulas that express the total residual into the combination of the total residuals of the sub-elements are central to the method. In dimension two, the formula is obtained with the classical Lagrange basis in the quadratic case and with the Bézier basis in dimension three. These two formulas are then generalized to arbitrary polynomial degrees in dimension two and three with a Bézier basis. In the second part of the thesis the application of the p-adaptive scheme to the penalized Navier-Stokes equations with anisotropic mesh adaptation is presented. In practice, the p-adaptive scheme is used with the IBM-LS-AUM (Immersed Boundary Method with Level Sets and Adapted Unstructured Meshes) method. The IBM-LS-AUM allows to impose the boundary conditions with the penalization method and the mesh adaptation to the solution and to the level-set increases the accuracy of the representation of the surface and the solution around walls. When the IBM-LSAUM is combined with the p-adaptive scheme, it is possible to use high-order elements outside the zone where the penalization is applied. The method is robust as shown by the numerical applications at low to large Mach numbers and at different Reynolds in dimension two and three
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Jacq, Pascal. "Méthodes numériques de type Volumes Finis sur maillages non structurés pour la résolution de la thermique anisotrope et des équations de Navier-Stokes compressibles." Phd thesis, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01067707.

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Lors de la rentrée atmosphérique nous sommes amenés à modéliser trois phénomènes physiques différents. Tout d'abord, l'écoulement autour du véhicule entrant dans l'atmosphère est hypersonique, il est caractérisé par la présence d'un choc fort et provoque un fort échauffement du véhicule. Nous modélisons l'écoulement par les équations de Navier-Stokes compressibles et l'échauffement du véhicule au moyen de la thermique anisotrope. De plus le véhicule est protégé par un bouclier thermique siège de réactions chimiques que l'on nomme communément ablation.

Dans le premier chapitre de cette thèse nous présentons le schéma numérique de diffusion CCLAD (Cell-Centered LAgrangian Diffusion) que nous utilisons pour résoudre la thermique anisotrope. Nous présentons l'extension en trois dimensions de ce schéma ainsi que sa parallélisation.
Nous continuons le manuscrit en abordant l'extension de ce schéma à une équation de diffusion tensorielle. Cette équation est obtenue en supprimant les termes convectifs de l'équation de quantité de mouvement des équations de Navier-Stokes. Nous verrons qu'une pénalisation doit être introduite afin de pouvoir inverser la loi constitutive et ainsi appliquer la méthodologie CCLAD. Nous présentons les propriétés numériques du schéma ainsi obtenu et effectuons des validations numériques.
Dans le dernier chapitre, nous présentons un schéma numérique de type Volumes Finis permettant de résoudre les équations de Navier-Stokes sur des maillages non-structurés obtenu en réutilisant les deux schémas de diffusion présentés précédemment.
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Kubíčková, Lenka. "Relaxivita magnetických nanočástic oxidů železa obsahujících diamagnetické kationty." Master's thesis, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-355651.

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Magnetic nanoparticles have received extensive attention in the biomedical research, e.g. as prospective contrast agents for T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. The ability of a contrast agent to enhance the relaxation rate of 1 H in its vicinity is quantified by relaxivity. The main aim of this thesis is to evaluate the transversal re- laxivity of ε-Fe2−x Alx O3 nanoparticles coated with amorphous silica or citrate - its dependence on external magnetic field, temperature and thickness of silica coating - by means of nuclear magnetic resonance. The aluminium content x = 0.23(1) was determined from XRF, the material was further characterised by XRPD, Möss- bauer spectroscopy, DLS, TEM and magnetic measurements. The size of magnetic cores was ∼ 21 nm, the thickness of silica coating ∼ 6,10,17 and 21 nm. Magne- tization of the ε-Fe2−x Alx O3 nanoparticles increased by ∼ 30 % when compared to ε-Fe2O3. The saturating dependence of relaxivity on external magnetic field and on the linear decrease with increase of thickness of silica coating contravene the theo- retical model of motional averaging regime (MAR); nevertheless, the temperature dependence acquired in 0.47 T and 11.75 T may be explained by MAR. In compari- son to ε-Fe2O3 nanoparticles, the relaxivity of examined samples was higher for par-...
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Book chapters on the topic "Anisotropie distribuée"

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Rand, Omri, and Vladimir Rovenski. "Anisotropic Elastic Beams With Axially Distributed Loads." In Solid Mechanics and Its Applications, 269–83. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3467-0_21.

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Telega, Józef Joachim, and Włodzimierz Robert Bielski. "Exact controllability of anisotropic elastic bodies." In Modelling and Optimization of Distributed Parameter Systems Applications to engineering, 254–62. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-34922-0_26.

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M., Lakshmi Priya, and Lalit K. Awasthi. "Distributed Localization for Anisotropic Sensor Networks Using Spatial Clustering." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 375–80. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-29280-4_44.

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Goloveshkina, Evgeniya V., and Leonid M. Zubov. "Nonlinear Deformations of Anisotropic Elastic Bodies with Distributed Dislocations." In Advanced Structured Materials, 119–38. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-28744-2_7.

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Flores, Marco Antonio Ameller, and Angélica González Arrieta. "Fingerprint Orientation Field Estimation Using ROEVA (Ridge Orientation Estimation and Verification Algorithm) and ADF (Anisotropic Diffusion Filtering)." In Distributed Computing and Artificial Intelligence, 13th International Conference, 265–73. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40162-1_29.

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Ehret, A. E., M. Itskov, and G. Weinhold. "A Viscoelastic Anisotropic Model for Soft Collageneous Tissues Based on Distributed Fiber–Matrix Units." In IUTAM Symposium on Cellular, Molecular and Tissue Mechanics, 55–65. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3348-2_5.

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Rossikhin, Yury A., and Marina V. Shitikova. "Harmonic Waves in an Anisotropic Medium Generated by Heat Sources Distributed Along the Plane." In Encyclopedia of Thermal Stresses, 2120–34. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2739-7_939.

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Kühn, Martin. "Parallelization of an Edge- and Coherence-Enhancing Anisotropic Diffusion Filter with a Distributed Memory Approach Based on GPI." In Competence in High Performance Computing 2010, 99–110. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-24025-6_9.

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Balakrishnan, A. V. "Dynamics and Control of Articulated Anisotropic Timoshenko Beams." In Dynamics and Control of Distributed Systems, 121–201. Cambridge University Press, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511530180.005.

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Tang, Tengteng, Dylan Joralmon, and Xiangjia Li. "3D Printing of Biomimetic Functional Nanocomposites via Vat Photopolymerization." In Advances in 3D Printing [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.110413.

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The complex structures and functional material systems of natural organisms effectively cope with crisis-ridden living environments such as high temperature, drought, toxicity, and predator. Behind these excellent survival strategies evolved over hundreds of millions of years is a series of effective mechanical, optical, hydraulic, and electromagnetic properties. Bionic design and manufacturing have always attracted extensive attention, but the progress has been limited by the inability of traditional manufacturing techniques to reproduce microscopically complex structures and the lack of functional materials. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a fabrication technique with a high degree of fabrication freedom and using composites derived from biological materials. Vat photopolymerization, an emerging additive manufacturing (aka 3D printing) technology, exhibits high manufacturing flexibility in the integrated manufacturing of multi-material systems and multi-scale structures. Here, biomaterial-inspired heterogeneous material systems based on polymer matrices and nanofillers, and the introduction of magnetic and electric fields on the basis of conventional 3D printing systems to spatially and programmably distribute nanofillers are summarized, which provides a new strategy for fabricating anisotropic structures. The application of this versatile 3D printing system in fabricating mechanically reinforced structures, polymer/metal structures, self-actuating, and superhydrophobic structures is also elaborated.
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Conference papers on the topic "Anisotropie distribuée"

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Paddon, P., E. Sjerve, and G. M. Stephan. "Stability of polarized modes in a strongly anisotropic laser cavity." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1993.wss.7.

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Previous calculations of the stability of the polarization modes of lasers, including their stability, bistability and curious catastrophes1,2 have invoked the mean field approximation. Since the cavity anisotropies and losses are approximated by distributed quantities, the polarization of the laser is the same throughout the cavity. In general then, one expects such an approximation to be valid only for cavities with small anisotropies. Such cavities are appropriately described as quasi–isotropic. We have succeeded in breaking this mean field approximation by propagating a plane wave around a linear cavity with strong optical anisotropies and a saturable gain medium. The calculations allow for the modification, of the saturation induced anisotropy, due to distinct states of polarization for the forward and backward propagating fields. Results are presented both for strongly anisotropic cavities and for quasi-isotropic cavities where mean field and non mean field calculations may be compared. This work was supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada and the Province of Ontario through the Ontario Laser and Lightwave Research Centre.
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Johnson, R. V., and A. R. Tanguay. "Optical beam propagation in anisotropic media." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1985.fs1.

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Optical diffraction in media with arbitrary inhomogeneous anisotropies (including linear birefringence and/or optical activity) is characterized by pronounced polarization effects. These effects have typically been analyzed by the coupled wave formalism. An alternative analytical technique is the anisotropic optical beam propagation method (BPM) first proposed by Thylen and Yevick.1 The BPM is a highly intuitive approach to solving the light propagation equation in an optically inhomogeneous medium. The coupled wave approach is preferred for spectrally pure inhomogeneities (simple gratings), whereas the BPM is the preferred algorithm for spectrally rich inhomogeneities (image modulated gratings). The BPM replaces the distributed diffraction problem with an equivalent lumped element approximation consisting of infinitesimally thin phase and polarization modulation planes separated by optically homogeneous layers. The evolution of the light profile both in the near field and in the plane wave spectrum can be monitored as the light beam propagates through the anisotropic medium. In this paper we extend the analysis to include optical activity for modeling volume grating in materials such as bismuth silicon oxide. We also perform detailed numerical experiments to assess which classes of problem are better suited for the coupled wave formalism and which for the BPM formalism.
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Schiller, Noah H., Randolph H. Cabell, Juan D. Quinones, and Nathan C. Wier. "Active Damping Using Distributed Anisotropic Actuators." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-37503.

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A helicopter structure experiences substantial high-frequency mechanical excitation from powertrain components such as gearboxes and drive shafts. The resulting structure-borne vibration excites the windows which then radiate sound into the passenger cabin. In many cases the radiated sound power can be reduced by adding damping. This can be accomplished using passive or active approaches. Passive treatments such as constrained layer damping tend to reduce window transparency. Therefore this paper focuses on an active approach utilizing compact decentralized control units distributed around the perimeter of the window. Each control unit consists of a triangularly shaped piezoelectric actuator, a miniature accelerometer, and analog electronics. Earlier work has shown that this type of system can increase damping up to approximately 1 kHz. However at higher frequencies the mismatch between the distributed actuator and the point sensor caused control spillover. This paper describes new anisotropic actuators that can be used to improve the bandwidth of the control system. The anisotropic actuators are composed of piezoelectric material sandwiched between interdigitated electrodes, which enables the application of the electric field in a preferred in-plane direction. When shaped correctly the anisotropic actuators outperform traditional isotropic actuators by reducing the mismatch between the distributed actuator and point sensor at high frequencies. Testing performed on a Plexiglas panel, representative of a helicopter window, shows that the control units can increase damping at low frequencies. However high frequency performance was still limited due to the flexible boundary conditions present on the test structure.
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Shtanko, E. I. "PROPAGATION OF AN ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD IN AN ANISOTROPIC LAYERED MEDIUM." In All-Russian Youth Scientific Conference with the Participation of Foreign Scientists Trofimuk Readings - 2021. Novosibirsk State University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/978-5-4437-1251-2-189-192.

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The electromagnetic field formation at kHz frequencies when passing through a layered anisotropic medium with tensor values of electrical conductivity was considered. In one series of numerical experiments, the field is excited by an electromagnetic field source distributed along with one of the boundaries of the computational domain. In another, a field source is an inclined loop. This work allows one to estimate the behavior of the components of the electric field E at the interface between two anisotropic media, as well as an isotropic and anisotropic medium in the frequency range.
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Hervin, Flora, and Paul Fromme. "Directionally Dependent Guided Wave Scattering for the Monitoring of Anisotropic Composite Structures." In 2022 49th Annual Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/qnde2022-98367.

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Abstract Carbon fiber composite laminates, consisting of highly anisotropic ply layers, are widely used in aerospace structures due to their good strength to weight ratio. However, due to poor interlaminar strength, composite components are prone to barely visible impact damage during aircraft operation. Sparse array guided wave imaging, using a network of distributed sensors, is an important Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) tool for the detection and localization of in-service damage in composite structures. However, the anisotropy of composite laminates influences guided wave scattering, impacting imaging performance. Defect characterization can be improved by considering the scattering characteristics of various damage types for the sparse array signal processing. Guided wave scattering (A0 Lamb wave mode) was investigated around an artificial insert delamination in a quasi-isotropic carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) panel. Permanent magnets, mounted on an undamaged region of the plate, were also used as scattering targets and compared to the delamination case. Full 3D Finite Element (FE) simulations were performed for both the delamination and magnet cases and compared to wavefield data obtained from non-contact laser measurements. Good agreement was found between the experimental measurements and simulations. Scattered guided wave amplitudes around each damage type show strong directional dependency with energy focusing along the fiber directions of the outer ply layers of the laminate. Distinct scattering behavior was observed for each damage type. A forward scattered wave was observed for the delamination, whereas the magnet blocked forward wave transmission. Implications of anisotropy and angular scattering on sparse array SHM of different defect types are discussed.
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Gunhee Kim, Eric P. Xing, Li Fei-Fei, and Takeo Kanade. "Distributed cosegmentation via submodular optimization on anisotropic diffusion." In 2011 IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccv.2011.6126239.

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Fisher, Matthew B., Elizabeth A. Henning, John L. Esterhai, and Robert L. Mauck. "Fabrication of Organized Nanofibrous Scaffolds to Mimic the Macroscopic Curvature of the Meniscus: Structure and Mechanics." In ASME 2012 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2012-80568.

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The menisci are crescent-shaped fibrocartilaginous tissues which function to transmit and distribute loads between the femur and tibia of the knee joint. As such, the meniscus experiences complex loads, including tension, compression, and shear. Meniscus function in tension arises from an organized microstructure — bundles of highly aligned collagen circumnavigate the tissue between insertion sites on the tibial plateau (1). These aligned collagen bundles endow the tissue with mechanical properties that are highly anisotropic, and highest in the primary collagen orientation (2). Commercial products to replace the meniscus lack this unique structure and organization (3,4). To address engineering the knee meniscus, we have developed aligned nanofibrous scaffolds that can recapitulate this mechanical anisotropy (5,6). However promising, fibers within these scaffolds are unidirectional, while the fibers within the native tissue have a pronounced c-shaped macroscopic organization. To mimic this macroscopic orientation, we developed a new electrospinning method to collect organized fibers on a planar spinning disc (7). The objective of this study was to quantify the structure and mechanics of nanofibrous scaffolds collected using this novel technique and compare the data to aligned scaffolds obtained from a traditional electrospinning approach. We hypothesized that these circumferentially aligned (CircAl) scaffolds would behave similarly to linearly aligned (LinAl) scaffolds on short length scales, but exhibit marked differences in mechanics as the length scale increased.
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Rezaei, Amir G., and Amin Tabatabaei Mohseni. "Anisotropic Elasticity Solution of Single Layered Composite Plate Under Self-Equilibrating Cubically Distributed Shear Loading." In ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2017-72009.

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The anisotropic plane elasticity solution of the stresses throughout a thin, rectangular, laminated composite plate subjected to self-equilibrating cubically distributed shear stress at the two ends of the plate is obtained. The plate is assumed to be a symmetric laminate and hygrothermal effects are not considered. The characteristic decay length under the shear loading is estimated for different cases of isotropic, orthotropic, and anisotropic plate. The work is intended to be presented as an example during a lecture or to be published in new textbook demonstrating the numerical method.
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Korotkova, Olga. "Deterministic and random beam propagation in anisotropic turbulence." In Propagation through and Characterization of Distributed Volume Turbulence and Atmospheric Phenomena. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/pcdvtap.2015.pt4c.1.

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Bhat, Soumya J., and Santhosh K. V. "Priority Based Localization for Anisotropic Wireless Sensor Networks." In 2020 IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing, VLSI, Electrical Circuits and Robotics (DISCOVER). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/discover50404.2020.9278090.

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Reports on the topic "Anisotropie distribuée"

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Choudhury, Sarah, Ross Underhill, and Thomas Krause. PR-652-203801-R04 Magnetometer Noise and Resolution. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0012196.

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Magnetometers are sensors that measure the magnitude and direction of a magnetic field. There are many types of magnetometers available, but they all rely on electromagnetic principles to measure fields. The most common types are Hall effect, anisotropic magneto-resistive (AMR) and fluxgate sensors. The goal of this study is to investigate several magnetometers to evaluate their capability to detect small changes in an ambient field. These small changes are on the order of 10 milligauss (1 �T) and are caused by the inverse-magnetostrictive effect, or Villari effect, from ferromagnetic pipes. The chosen magnetometer must have a low noise signal and a fine resolution to properly measure the field from the inverse-magnetostrictive effect. To evaluate the chosen magnetometers, multiple sets of measurements were made in a stationary magnetic field and the standard deviation of the data sets were calculated. The noise of some sensors was further investigated to verify that it was normally distributed.
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