Academic literature on the topic 'Animal cell culture'

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Journal articles on the topic "Animal cell culture"

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Hall, P. "Animal Cell Culture." Journal of Clinical Pathology 43, no. 9 (September 1, 1990): 785. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jcp.43.9.785-a.

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McCarthy, Kevin J. "Animal cell culture." Transgenic Research 4, no. 2 (March 1995): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01969419.

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Harris, Ian. "Animal cell culture." Biochemical Education 21, no. 4 (October 1993): 226. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0307-4412(93)90121-f.

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Shephard, Elizabeth A. "Animal cell culture." Endeavour 17, no. 4 (January 1993): 202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0160-9327(93)90076-f.

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Mazie, J. C. "Animal cell culture." Biochimie 72, no. 12 (December 1990): 898. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0300-9084(90)90012-6.

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Märkl, Ing Herbert. "Animal cell culture technology." Journal of Biotechnology 34, no. 3 (May 1994): vii. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-1656(94)90056-6.

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Chatterton, Jean M. W., Susan McDonagh, and Darrel O. Ho-Yen. "Toxoplasma tachyzoites from cell culture are more appropriate in some situations." Journal of Clinical Pathology 63, no. 5 (April 1, 2010): 438–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jcp.2009.072066.

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BackgroundLaboratories traditionally culture toxoplasma tachyzoites in animals for testing and experimental use. This article considers why available cell culture methods are not used more often.AimTo compare HeLa cell culture and animal culture for production of toxoplasma tachyzoites.MethodsIn 2000 HeLa culture replaced animal culture for continuous production of toxoplasma tachyzoites in the Scottish Toxoplasma Reference Laboratory. The performance of animal culture (1994–1998) was compared with HeLa culture (2004–2008). A PubMed search was carried out for 1998 and 2008 to assess the culture methods used in laboratories.ResultsAnimal culture was able to produce higher yields of tachyzoites (109 from a cotton rat peritoneal harvest compared to 107 from a 75 cm2 cell culture flask) but significantly more HeLa cultures were successful (93% versus 84%; p=0.025). There was no difference in the quality of tachyzoites from animal and HeLa cultures as demonstrated by the high levels of success in the dye test. HeLa culture offered significant advantages in flexibility and control. A review of the literature showed no significant change in the method of culture used in laboratories between 1998 and 2008 (p=0.36).ConclusionThe availability of cell culture methods and the increasingly stringent regulations on the use of animals have not resulted in a decline in the use of animal culture. Animals are necessary for certain experiments but many studies could use cell-culture-derived parasites.
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Al-Rubeai, Mohamed, and A. Nicholas Emery. "Flow Cytometry in Animal Cell Culture." Nature Biotechnology 11, no. 5 (May 1993): 572–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0593-572.

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Merten, Otto-Wilhelm. "Animal cell culture: A practical approach." Trends in Biochemical Sciences 11, no. 10 (October 1986): 412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0968-0004(86)90170-2.

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Gooch, Keith J., and John A. Frangos. "Shear sensitivity in animal cell culture." Current Opinion in Biotechnology 4, no. 2 (April 1993): 193–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0958-1669(93)90124-f.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Animal cell culture"

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Berdugo, Claudia. "Cell Damage Mechanisms and Stress Response in Animal Cell Culture." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1269467441.

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Sage, Elizabeth Ann. "The functional competence of animal cells in culture : the NSO cell proteome." Thesis, University of Kent, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.399618.

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Amos, B. "Dialysis culture in animal cell growth and protein production." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 1995. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/5350/.

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Hybridoma cells were grown in dialysis perfusion culture using a stirred reactor within which a tubular membrane was suspended. Nutrient and product flows occurred by diffusion processes alone, and were both to and from the culture environment A mathematical model of the transfer and reaction allowed prediction of steady state cell and metabolite concentrations. Steady states in cell concentration were observed for a range of perfusion rates and membrane areas. However the model could not be applied to predict steady state cell concentrations between changes in the medium. The perfusate consisted of basal medium only. Serum addition to the reactor itself resulted in decreased steady state cell densities except when it relieved a glucose limitation. Antibody was accumulated to high concentrations and yields on both basal medium and serum were many times those achieved in standard batch cultures. Cell viability fell to 30-50% but product quality did not appear to be adversely affected by the low viability. Recombinant CHO-320 cells also grew successfully under dialysis conditions and produced 7-interferon. Cell concentrations and viabilities were higher than those seen with the hybridoma. The insect cell line SF9 did not grow during dialysis perfusion, but post infection with a recombinant Baculovirus permitted the yield of \(\beta\)-galactosidase to double in dialysis culture.
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Perry, Steven D. (Steven David). "Packed fiber bed reactor design for animal cell culture." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/17220.

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Kellokoski, E. (Eija). "Ghrelin and atherosclerosis:human, experimental animal and cell culture studies." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2009. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514292590.

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Abstract Atherosclerosis is the major cause of cardiovascular diseases and the leading cause of death globally. Atherosclerosis is a complex, chronic disease characterized by lipid accumulation and inflammation within the intima layer of vessel wall. Novel biomarkers and therapeutics are still being sought to provide both better diagnosis and treatment. Ghrelin represents an attractive target for studies into atherosclerosis. Ghrelin is a gastric peptide hormone, which has multiple functions, including regulation of appetite and energy metabolism. Emerging evidence suggests that it may also have a role in the cardiovascular and immune systems. The aim of the present study was to explore the role of ghrelin in atherosclerosis. The specific aims were 1) to investigate the association between the plasma ghrelin level and early atherosclerosis as determined by carotid artery intima media thickness (IMT) in a large (n = 1024) cross-sectional population-based study of middle-aged subjects, 2) to measure the associations between plasma ghrelin levels and already established risk factors of atherosclerosis in human subjects, 3) to assess the effects of ghrelin on atherogenesis in vitro by analyzing monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells, oxidized low density lipoprotein (LDL) binding and acetylated LDL uptake using macrophages, and 4) to study the influence of ghrelin on atherosclerosis using ghrelin vaccination in a mouse model of atherosclerosis. Plasma total ghrelin levels were positively associated with carotid IMT in male subjects. Association studies demonstrated plasma ghrelin levels to be negatively associated with total and LDL cholesterol, and triglyceride concentrations as well as with body mass index (BMI), and positively assocated with high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol concentration in postmenopausal women and in a population-based study. In addition, estrogen increased plasma acylated ghrelin levels in postmenopausal women. Cell culture studies demonstrated that ghrelin could increase the binding of oxidized LDL and monocytes to endothelial cells. Interestingly, when endothelial cells were stimulated with tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), then ghrelin prevented monocyte adhesion. The study with LDL receptor knockout mice, revealed that ghrelin vaccination could increase plasma ghrelin levels but had no effects on the development of atherosclerosis. However, the plasma MCP-1 level decreased in mice immunized with ghrelin vaccine. In conclusion, these studies suggest that ghrelin has modulatory functions in the vascular system and atherogenesis though the effect may not be as dominant as that of the known traditional risk factors. Whether this effect of ghrelin is positive or negative in atherogenesis will be clarified in further studies
Tiivistelmä Sydän- ja verisuonitaudit ovat suurin kuolinsyy niin Suomessa kuin useimmissa länsimaissakin. Näiden sairauksien taustalla on yleensä valtimonkovettumatauti eli ateroskleroosi, joka voi kliinisesti ilmentyä mm. sepelvaltimotautina, aivoveritulppana ja laskimotautina. Ateroskleroosissa tulehdussoluja ja kolesterolia kertyy verisuonen seinämään muodostaen ahtauman eli ateroomaplakin valtimoon. Valtimonkovettumataudin riskitekijäitä tunnetaan jo hyvin, mutta uusia tautia ennustavia merkkiaineita sekä hoitomuotoja tarvitaan yhä. Greliini on mahalaukusta eritettävä peptidihormoni, joka osallistuu elimistössä mm. ruokahalun, energiametabolian, tulehdustekijöiden sekä sydän- ja verenkiertoelimistön toiminnan säätelyyn. Tämän työn tavoitteena oli tutkia greliinin yhteyttä ihmisen valtimonkovettumatautiin. Tutkimus toteutettiin käyttämällä kahta eri potilasaineistoa, soluviljelykokeita sekä valtimonkovettumataudin hiirimallia. Laajassa väestöpohjaisessa potilasaineistossa tutkittiin veren greliinipitoisuuden yhteyttä kaulavaltimon seinämän paksuuteen, jota pidetään valtimonkovettumista kuvaavana tekijänä. Veren greliinipitoisuuden yhteyttä valtimonkovettumataudin tunnettuihin riskitekijöihin tutkittiin myös laajassa potilasaineistossa sekä vaihdevuosi-ikäisillä naisilla, joille annettiin estrogeenikorvaushoitoa. Solukokeilla selvitettiin greliinin vaikutusta tärkeisiin valtimonkovettumataudin syntyvaiheisiin käyttäen monosyytti-, endoteelisolu- sekä makrofaagi-soluviljelmiä. Greliinin vaikutusta ateroskleroosiin in vivo selvitettiin rokottamalla LDL-reseptoripuutteiset hiiret greliini-rokotteella. Tutkimuksessa havaittiin yhteys veren korkean greliinipitoisuuden ja kaulavaltimon seinämän paksuuden välillä miehillä laajassa potilasaineistossa (n = 1024). Tulosta tukivat soluilla tehdyt kokeet, joissa greliini lisäsi hapettuneen LDL:n sitoutumista makrofaageihin sekä monosyyttien tarttumista endoteelisolujen pinnalle. Greliinin vaikutukset monosyyttien tarttumiseen endoteelisolujen pinnalle olivat päinvastaiset silloin, kun endoteelisolut käsiteltiin tulehdusta stimuloivalla tekijällä. Matalat veren greliinipitoisuudet olivat myös yhteydessä korkeisiin LDL-kolesteroli- ja triglyseriditasoihin sekä painoindeksiin ja matalaan HDL-kolesterolitasoon potilasaineistoissa. Estrogeeni nosti veren greliinipitoisuutta vaihdevuosi-ikäisillä naisilla. Greliinirokote ei vaikuttanut ateroskleroosin kehittymiseen hiirimallissa. Tutkimustulosten perusteella greliinillä näyttäisi osallistuvan valtimonkovettumataudin kehitykseen, vaikkakin sen vaikutus on pienempi kuin aiemmin tunnetuilla taudin riskitekijöillä
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Chiou, Tzyy-Wen. "A modified airlift fiber-bed bioreactor for animal cell culture." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/16508.

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Chambers, M. E. W. "Growth of animal cells on a novel substratum." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.382324.

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Barry, Megan M. Crockett Robert S. "Three-dimensional scaffolds for mammary epithelial cell growth : a thesis /." [San Luis Obispo, Calif. : California Polytechnic State University], 2008. http://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/12/.

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Thesis (M.S.)--California Polytechnic State University, 2008.
Major professor: Robert S. Crockett, Ph.D. "Presented to the faculty of California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo." "In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree [of] Master of Science in Engineering." "May 2008." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 38-45). Also available on microfiche (1 sheet).
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Cheung, Caleb Kin Lok Biotechnology &amp Biomolecular Sciences Faculty of Science UNSW. "Effects of imperfect mixing in suspended plant and animal cell cultures." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/25200.

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A common problem observed in large-scale cell cultivation is reduced culture performance compared with small-scale processes due to the existence of concentration gradients caused by poor mixing. Small-scale simulations using microbial cell suspensions have shown that circulation of cells through concentration gradients of oxygen, pH and glucose can result in reduction of cell growth and product formation similar to the effects observed in large-scale bioreactors. This study was aimed at using scale-down studies to investigate poor mixing in large-scale bioreactors used for suspended plant and animal cell culture. Two plant cell suspensions and a hybridoma cell line were used in this work. The range of oxygen transfer coefficients achieved in the hybridoma and plant suspensions were about 50???20 h-1 and 12???6 h-1, respectively. One-vessel simulation was developed to induce fluctuations of dissolved oxygen tension in a 2-L bioreactor using intermittent sparging of air and nitrogen. The effect of dissolved oxygen fluctuations on the cells was examined by comparing the performance of the cultures with those operated at constant dissolved oxygen tension. In the hybridoma suspension culture, only slight effects on cell growth were observed at circulation times above 300 s. No effect on the specific glucose uptake rate or antibody production was observed at the circulation times tested. Analysis of gene expression for selected hypoxia-related genes also suggested that the overall effect was limited. In plant cell suspensions, the specific growth rates and biomass yields on total sugar in the cultures under fluctuating dissolved oxygen tension were essentially the same as those at constant dissolved oxygen tension for both transgenic Nicotiana tabacum and Thalictrum minus. Under fluctuating dissolved oxygen tension, no effect on antibody accumulation was observed in transgenic N. tabacum suspensions, but a decrease in berberine accumulation was observed in T. minus. From the results, it can be concluded that only minimal effects due to the development of concentration gradients would be expected in large-scale bioreactors used for the cultivation of the hybridoma and plant cell suspensions tested in this work.
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Chen, Chunnuan. "Animal cell culture in a fibrous-bed bioreactor : protein production, cell immobilization, and cell cycle and apoptosis /." The Ohio State University, 2000. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu148819366523437.

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Books on the topic "Animal cell culture"

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Morgan, Sara J. Animal cell culture. London: BIOS Scientific in association with the Biochemical Society, 1993.

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Al-Rubeai, Mohamed, ed. Animal Cell Culture. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10320-4.

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Davis, John M., ed. Animal Cell Culture. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470669815.

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Pollard, Jeffrey W., and John M. Walker. Animal Cell Culture. New Jersey: Humana Press, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1385/0896031500.

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Clynes, Martin, ed. Animal Cell Culture Techniques. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-80412-0.

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Butler, M. Animal cell culture and technology. Oxford: IRL Press at Oxford University Press, 1996.

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Davis, John. Animal cell culture: Essential methods. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons Inc., 2011.

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Nandi, S. Animal cell culture and virology. New Delhi: New India Pub. Agency, 2009.

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Stacey, Glyn, and John Davis, eds. Medicines from Animal Cell Culture. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470723791.

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Nandi, S. Animal cell culture and virology. New Delhi: New India Pub. Agency, 2009.

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Book chapters on the topic "Animal cell culture"

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Sharma, Amit Kumar, Atul Kumar Singh, Mohammad Waseem, and Shashank Kumar. "Animal Cell Culture." In Clinical Biochemistry and Drug Development, 7–31. Includes bibliographical references and index.: Apple Academic Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780367821470-2.

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Hattori, Koji, Shinji Sugiura, and Toshiyuki Kanamori. "Microfluidic Perfusion Culture." In Animal Cell Biotechnology, 251–63. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-733-4_17.

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Clarke, Sue, and Janette Dillon. "The Cell Culture Laboratory." In Animal Cell Culture, 1–31. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470669815.ch1.

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Davis, John M. "Hollow Fiber Cell Culture." In Animal Cell Biotechnology, 337–52. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-399-8_16.

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Blüml, Gerald. "Microcarrier Cell Culture Technology." In Animal Cell Biotechnology, 149–78. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-399-8_5.

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Halsall, Jennifer, and John M. Davis. "Systems for Cell Culture Scale-Up." In Animal Cell Culture, 297–321. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470669815.ch10.

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Orton, Barbara. "Good Laboratory Practice in the Cell Culture Laboratory." In Animal Cell Culture, 323–38. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470669815.ch11.

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Roberts, Peter L. "Sterilization." In Animal Cell Culture, 33–59. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470669815.ch2.

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Gray, Colin, and Daniel Zicha. "Microscopy of Living Cells." In Animal Cell Culture, 61–90. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470669815.ch3.

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Davis, John M. "Basic Techniques and Media, the Maintenance of Cell Lines, and Safety." In Animal Cell Culture, 91–151. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470669815.ch4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Animal cell culture"

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Wesson, J. A., J. G. Kleinman, R. J. Johnson, M. Mazzali, A. M. Beshensky, S. Stietz, C. Giachelli, et al. "OSTEOPONTIN IN NEPHROLITHIASIS: CELL CULTURE, ANIMAL, AND HUMAN STUDIES." In 3rd International Conference on Osteopontin and SIBLING (Small Integrin-Binding Ligand, N-linked Glycoprotein) Proteins, 2002. TheScientificWorld Ltd, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2002.271.

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Soares, S. S., L. Pedro, and G. N. M. Ferreira. "Molecular determinants of virus-like nanoparticle assembly in vitro and in animal cell culture." In 2012 IEEE 2nd Portuguese Meeting in Bioengineering (ENBENG). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/enbeng.2012.6331354.

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Korecki, Casey L., Jeffrey J. MacLean, and James C. Iatridis. "Development of a System for Application of Dynamic Mechanical Compression on Intervertebral Discs in Organ Culture and Investigation of Load Magnitude Effects." In ASME 2007 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2007-176569.

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In vivo studies on the intervertebral disc (IVD) indicate that the magnitude, frequency, and duration of applied compression loading results in alterations in mRNA expression, composition, and annulus fibrosus structure [1]. In vivo models typically use small animal models or small sample sizes that make it difficult to evaluate multiple dependent variables on the same tissue. In this study, it was considered a priority to utilize a large animal model to investigate the effects of magnitude of compression loading on interacting dependent variable measurements of disc cell viability, biosynthesis, composition, structure, and biomechanics. A bovine IVD organ culture system was used because it provides control over mechanical and chemical boundary conditions while maintaining viable cells and normal cell-matrix interactions. To date, there are no studies investigating the response of the IVD in organ culture to dynamic mechanical loading.
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Sin, Aaron, Gregory T. Baxter, and Michael L. Shuler. "Animal on a chip: a microscale cell culture analog device for evaluating toxicological and pharmacological profiles." In Micromachining and Microfabrication, edited by Carlos H. Mastrangelo and Holger Becker. SPIE, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.443045.

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Ambwani, Sonu, Kakade Datta P., Deepika Kandpal, Sandeep Arora, and Tanuj Kumar Ambwani. "Cytotoxic effects of gold nanoparticles exposure employing in vitro animal cell culture system as part of nanobiosafety." In 5TH NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THERMOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES: (NCTP‐09). American Institute of Physics, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4945211.

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Marshall, Lauren, Andra Frost, Tim Fee, and Joel Berry. "Assembly and Characterization of 3D, Vascularized Breast Cancer Tissue Mimics." In ASME 2013 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2013-14199.

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Drug development platforms such as two-dimensional (2D) in vitro cell culture systems and in vivo animal studies do not accurately predict human in vivo effectiveness of candidate therapeutics [1]. Cell culture systems have limited similarities to primary human cells and tissues as only one cell type is employed and animal studies have a generally limited ability to recapitulate human drug response as different species have differences in metabolism, physiology, and behavior. Mike Leavitt, a former U.S. Secretary of Health and Human Services, has stated that “currently, nine out of ten experimental drugs fail in clinical studies because we cannot accurately predict how they will behave in people based on laboratory and animal studies” [2]. Therefore, this research project is focused on developing an in vitro platform to test candidate therapeutics for more efficacious predictions of human response. We have fabricated a three-dimensional (3D) breast cancer tissue volume containing a vascular network. This vascular network is necessary because current in vitro systems (e.g., rotating bioreactors, suspension of spheroids, and growth on a porous scaffold) are limited in size (1–2 mm) by their absence of micrometer-scale blood flow micro-channels that allow for oxygen and nutrient diffusion into the tissue [4]. The extracellular matrix scaffold has been developed to mimic the native extracellular matrix and includes relevant cell types (e.g., human breast cancer epithelial cells and human breast fibroblasts) along with the prefabricated vascular network (prevascularization). These systems are intended to support long-term growth, recapitulate physiological tissue function, and accurately model response to treatment. It is hypothesized that the development of reproducible tissue volumes will transform breast cancer drug development by providing reliable, cost-effective models that can more accurately predict therapeutic efficacy than current preclinical in vivo and in vitro models.
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Marshall, Lauren, Isabel Löwstedt, Paul Gatenholm, and Joel Berry. "Prevascularized, Co-Culture Model for Breast Cancer Drug Development." In ASME 2012 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2012-80409.

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The objective of this study was to create 3D engineered tissue models to accelerate identification of safe and efficacious breast cancer drug therapies. It is expected that this platform will dramatically reduce the time and costs associated with development and regulatory approval of anti-cancer therapies, currently a multi-billion dollar endeavor [1]. Existing two-dimensional (2D) in vitro and in vivo animal studies required for identification of effective cancer therapies account for much of the high costs of anti-cancer medications and health insurance premiums borne by patients, many of whom cannot afford it. An emerging paradigm in pharmaceutical drug development is the use of three-dimensional (3D) cell/biomaterial models that will accurately screen novel therapeutic compounds, repurpose existing compounds and terminate ineffective ones. In particular, identification of effective chemotherapies for breast cancer are anticipated to occur more quickly in 3D in vitro models than 2D in vitro environments and in vivo animal models, neither of which accurately mimic natural human tumor environments [2]. Moreover, these 3D models can be multi-cellular and designed with extracellular matrix (ECM) function and mechanical properties similar to that of natural in vivo cancer environments [3].
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BOUTHERIN-FALSON, O., and N. BLAES. "EFFECT OF NICOTINE ON HUMAN UMBILICAL VEIN ENDOTHELIAL CELLS IN CULTURE : PROSTACYCLIN PRODUCTION AND PROLIFERATION STUDIES." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643378.

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Clinical observations and results from animal studies indicate that nicotine may play a role in vascular disorders related to smoking. It has been reported that nicotine could alter vascular prostacyclin (PGI2) production and increase the number of circulating endothelial cells. In the present study, the direct effect of nicotine on endothelial cells in culture was investigated : Both PGI2 production and proliferative abilities were studied.PGI2 production studies : human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were grown in 4 days to confluency in control medium (RPM/199 1:1 + 20% fetal calf serum). At the beginning of the experiments, medium was replaced by tyrode Hepes buffer added or not with nicotine at different concentrations (0.05,0.5, 5, 50 or 200 ug/ml). Basal production of PGI2, assessed after 20 minutes, was significantly increased by 0.5 ug/ml nicotine (223% of control) ; subsequently thrombin (1 U/ml) stimulated release was measured after 5 minutes, it was dose dependently decreased by nicotine. Thus, at least in basal conditions, nicotine treatment of HUVEC alone in culture did not permit us to reproduce the inhibitory effects described on models involving smooth muscle cells in addition to the endothelial cells. Otherwise, nicotine could interfere with stimulating agents such as thrombin. Investigations on the effect of these agents in combination are currently in progressProliferation studies : Cells were grown in nicotine or control medium. Proliferation ability, estimated by the increase in cell number at daily interval was slighly increased in cultures receiving 0.05 ug/ml nicotine (110.4% of control). This tendancy was confirmed by 3H Thymidine incorporation (+41%). On the contrary a decrease in cell density was observed for the highest concentrations, from 50 ug/ml. This later effect did not seem to be related to any cytotoxicity or cell detachment. Thus, endothelial cells appeared to be highly responsive to nicotine in their PGI2 production while their growth characteristics were rather resistant to nicotine treatment.
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Hoopes, P. J., Alicia A. Petryk, Adwiteeya Misra, Elliot J. Kastner, John A. Pearce, and Thomas P. Ryan. "Utility and translatability of mathematical modeling, cell culture and small and large animal models in magnetic nanoparticle hyperthermia cancer treatment research." In SPIE BiOS, edited by Thomas P. Ryan. SPIE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2084285.

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10

Mäki, Antti-Juhana, Joose Kreutzer, and Pasi Kallio. "Modeling Drug Delivery in Gravity-Driven Microfluidic System." In ASME 2014 12th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels collocated with the ASME 2014 4th Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2014-21183.

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Abstract:
Human cells cultivated in a microfluidic system provide an interesting alternative for animal experiments in drug screening. For these tests, a pumpless system based on hydrostatic pressure could be used for drug delivery. The objective of this paper is to provide a method to analyze drug distribution in a gravity-driven microfluidic system to reduce the design cycle of these systems. The approach is based on an analytical model combined with a finite element method (FEM). The paper presents simulation of gravity-driven drug delivery in a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-based microfluidic cell culture system. In the study, a simple but commonly used system including two reservoirs, inlet and outlet, connected through a microchannel, is modeled. In the proposed method, time-dependent working pressure based on hydrostatic and capillary pressures is first approximated analytically. Secondly, using the calculated pressure, a velocity profile of single-phase fluid flow is solved across the system using the FEM. Finally, a distribution of a selected drug compound over the system is simulated and analyzed. Based on the results, the initial geometry is improved for better performance. The paper demonstrates how the modified system provides faster and more uniform drug concentration profile on the cells compared to the initial structure.
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Reports on the topic "Animal cell culture"

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Wetherall, Neal T. Adaptation and Study of AIDS Viruses in Animal and Cell Culture Systems. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada239654.

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2

Caughey, Byron, and David Kocisko. High-Throughput Screening of Compounds for Anti-Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy Activity Using Cell-Culture and Cell-Free Models and Infected Animals. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada475121.

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