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Journal articles on the topic 'Animal behaviour'

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Animal behaviour.

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 7 September 2023

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1

Hemsworth, P. H. "Human-animal interactions in agriculture and their impact on animal welfare and performance." BSAP Occasional Publication 20 (1997): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263967x00043342.

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AbstractHuman-animal interactions are a common feature of modern intensive farming systems and these interactions may have marked consequences on animal productivity and welfare. Research in agriculture has shown interrelationships between the stockperson’s attitudes and behaviour and the behaviour, productivity and welfare of farm animals and the following model of human-animal interactions in agriculture has been proposed. Because a stockperson’s behaviour towards animals is largely under volitional control, this behaviour is strongly influenced by the attitudes that the stockperson holds about the animals. These attitudes and consequent behaviours predominantly affect the animal’s fear of humans which, in turn, affects the animal’s performance and welfare. The mechanism whereby fear affects performance and welfare appears to be through a chronic stress response. The risk to welfare also arises if the stockperson’s attitude and behaviour towards the animals are negative because the stockperson’s commitment to the surveillance of, and the attendance to, welfare issues is likely to be highly questionable.Recent research in the pig industry has shown that a training programme targeting the key attitudes and behaviour of stockpersons produced improvements in stockperson attitudes and behaviour and animal behaviour and productivity. These results indicate the potential to improve animal productivity and welfare by targeting the stockperson’s attitudes and behaviour for improvement. Techniques which may be useful in this regard include staff selection and training procedures addressing these important human attributes.

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2

Fleg, Anthony. "Animal behaviour." BMJ 329, no. 7460 (July 31, 2004): s47—s48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.329.7460.s47.

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3

Brambell, M. "Animal behaviour." Veterinary Record 128, no. 14 (April 6, 1991): 339. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.128.14.339-b.

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4

Welshman, M. "Animal behaviour." Veterinary Record 128, no. 17 (April 27, 1991): 412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.128.17.412.

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5

Tribe, Andrew. "Animal Behaviour." Australian Veterinary Journal 70, no. 11 (November 1993): 431. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.1993.tb06094.x.

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6

Leyhausen, Paul. "Animal behaviour." Applied Animal Behaviour Science 17, no. 3-4 (June 1987): 386–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-1591(87)90180-8.

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7

Fleg, Anthony. "Animal behaviour." BMJ 328, Suppl S6 (June 1, 2004): 0406246. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/sbmj.0406246.

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8

Barbacka‐Surowiak, G. "Animal behaviour." Journal of Interdisciplinary Cycle Research 24, no. 4 (November 1993): 317–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09291019309360257.

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9

Davydova, O. N., V. N. Chubarev, F. P. Krendal, N. A. Kulinchenko, N. G. Preferanskya, M. D. Savina, and A. N. Vanushkin. "Animal behaviour." Journal of Interdisciplinary Cycle Research 24, no. 4 (November 1993): 320–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09291019309360258.

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10

Lewandowski, M. H., and B. Majewska. "Animal behaviour." Journal of Interdisciplinary Cycle Research 24, no. 4 (November 1993): 323–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09291019309360259.

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11

Hoes, M. W. N., E. Marani, and W. J. Rietveld. "Animal behaviour." Journal of Interdisciplinary Cycle Research 24, no. 4 (November 1993): 327. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09291019309360260.

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12

Van Reeth, O., Y. Zhang, M. Lesourd, B. Dard‐Brunelle, P. C. Zee, and F. W. Turek. "Animal behaviour." Journal of Interdisciplinary Cycle Research 24, no. 4 (November 1993): 328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09291019309360261.

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13

Witte, K., and B. Lemmer. "Animal behaviour." Journal of Interdisciplinary Cycle Research 24, no. 4 (November 1993): 328–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09291019309360262.

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14

Kokocińska, Agata, and Tadeusz Kaleta. "The role of ethology in animal welfare." Roczniki Naukowe Polskiego Towarzystwa Zootechnicznego 12, no. 1 (March 31, 2016): 49–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.6981.

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Knowledge of the behaviour of a species makes it possible to ensure the well-being of animals raised in farm conditions, because when we know the behavioural standard we can guarantee that at least the animals’ minimum needs will be met. Observation of animal behaviour is the first element in assessing their physical and psychological comfort. The main objective is to maximize production while at the same time maintaining animal welfare. However, this is often difficult and economic considerations come into conflict with the comfort and needs of the animals. The elements of knowledge of behaviour, in addition to ethology, i.e. the science dealing with animal behaviour, also include zoosemiotics and cognitive science, which explain of the occurrence of specific behaviours in terms of biology and physiology.

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15

Lindberg, Cecilia. "Animal behaviour and animal welfare." Journal of Biological Education 29, no. 1 (March 1995): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00219266.1995.9655413.

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16

Shettleworth, Sara J. "Animal cognition and animal behaviour." Animal Behaviour 61, no. 2 (February 2001): 277–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/anbe.2000.1606.

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17

Laurence, Chris. "Companion animal behaviour." Veterinary Record 178, no. 18 (April 28, 2016): 452.2–452. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.i2070.

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18

Lindley, S. D. "Companion animal behaviour." Veterinary Record 168, no. 1 (January 7, 2011): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.d14.

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19

Roper, T. J. "Unravelling animal behaviour." Animal Behaviour 50, no. 6 (1995): 1702–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0003-3472(95)80024-7.

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20

Robinson, Gene E. "Integrative animal behaviour." Nature 373, no. 6516 (February 1995): 669–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/373669b0.

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21

LANHAM, ELVIRA J. "Essential Animal Behaviour." Austral Ecology 30, no. 8 (December 2005): 938. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-9993.2005.01547.x.

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22

Partridge, Linda. "Unravelling animal behaviour." Trends in Ecology & Evolution 1, no. 3 (September 1986): 81–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0169-5347(86)90025-x.

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23

Veasey, J. S., N. K. Waran, and R. J. Young. "On Comparing the Behaviour of Zoo Housed Animals with Wild Conspecifics as a Welfare Indicator." Animal Welfare 5, no. 1 (February 1996): 13–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0962728600018297.

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AbstractIt is commonly assumed that animals suffer if they cannot perform behaviours seen in wild conspecifics. Although comparisons with the behaviour of wild conspecifics are a popular method of assessing the welfare of captive animals, their validity has not been fully assessed. Homeostatic models of motivation suggest that many behaviours are stimulus driven rather than internally generated. Thus, it is possible that the non-performance of some wild-type behaviours does not necessarily compromise animal welfare, unless welfare is defined as being compromised by such non-performance. The flexibility of wild animal behaviour and the fact that animals free to perform the complete range of wild behaviours can suffer, must also put into the question the validity of such comparisons. Technical criticisms also arise when one considers the difficulty of constructing accurate and unbiased time budgets for wild animals. It is possible that the expressions of wild-type behaviours correlate with enhanced welfare, rather than cause enhanced welfare. Thus, if the consequences of behaviour are more important than the expression of behaviour itself, environmental enrichment does not necessarily need to rely upon the performance of wild-type behaviours for the improvement of animal welfare. Therefore, although behavioural comparisons with wild animals can be considered as potentially useful indicators of behavioural differences, they cannot always be relied upon to give an objective assessment of animal welfare. To make an assessment of welfare, behavioural comparisons with wild animals should be used in conjunction with other techniques to demonstrate that the consequences of non-performance of wild behaviours results in impoverished welfare.

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24

Savisaar, Remo. "Animal behaviour // Comportamiento animal." Ecozon@: European Journal of Literature, Culture and Environment 6, no. 1 (March 9, 2015): 170–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.37536/ecozona.2015.6.1.646.

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Nature photography has many different categories: there’s no easy or hard one. One might think that taking photos of animals is harder than, for example, doing landscape photography. But all the best photography goes beyond mere documentation to overlay the moment with the artistic vision of the photographer. In the end, knowledge of subject, field craft, approach, patience (a lot of patience), composition and technical ability with the camera are all that matters. We nature photographers search for special moments which sometimes last only for brief seconds. These can be rarely seen moments of light on the landscape, the interesting behaviour of an animal or just the beauty of simplicity. Not every place or moment offers a perfect photographic opportunity. We have to keep on looking, searching, studying. And when the right moment occurs we have to be prepared for it, which means pretty often we have THAT picture in our mind long before we finally see it happen. From over ten years in wildlife photography I have found some fields to be my favourites. Animal behaviour is one of those which offer me most satisfaction. All the following pictures you see here can be placed in that category. More of my work can be seen in my daily blog (blog.moment.ee). Resumen La fotografía de la naturaleza se divide en muchas categorías, no existe ni una fácil ni una difícil. Uno puede pensar que hacer fotos de animales es más difícil que, por ejemplo, hacer fotografía del paisaje. Pero la mejor fotografía va más allá de la mera documentación hasta recubrir el momento con la visión artística del fotógrafo. Al final, el conocimiento del tema, la destreza, el enfoque, la paciencia (mucha paciencia), la composición y la habilidad técnica con la cámara son todo lo que importa. Los fotógrafos de la naturaleza buscamos momentos especiales que a veces sólo duran unos segundos. Estos momentos pueden ser instantes de luz en el paisaje raramente vistos, el comportamiento interesante de un animal o simplemente la belleza de la simplicidad. No todos los lugares o los momentos ofrecen una oportunidad fotográfica perfecta. Tenemos que seguir mirando, buscando, estudiando. Y cuando el momento adecuado ocurre tenemos que estar preparados, lo que significa que a menudo tenemos ESA imagen en nuestra mente mucho antes de que la veamos ocurrir. En cerca de diez años de fotografía de la vida salvaje he encontrado algunos campos que se han convertido en mis favoritos, dentro de los que se enmarcan las fotografías que pueden verse en esta revista. Puede verse más de mi trabajo en mi blog (blog.moment.ee).

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25

Collins, Courtney, Yotam Barr, Sean McKeown, Juan Scheun, Claudia Tay, and Ruth O’Riordan. "An International Investigation of the Prevalence of Negative Visitor Behaviour in the Zoo." Animals 13, no. 16 (August 18, 2023): 2661. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13162661.

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Negative visitor behaviour is an understudied area of zoo research, even though negative actions can have serious implications for animal welfare. This research project investigated the prevalence of negative visitor behaviours at four different zoos. It included observations of visitors at seven different taxa exhibits and three different types of enclosures. A modified version of behaviour sampling was used to record visitor behaviour and the activity of the animals, while a negative binomial regression was conducted to test the significance of several predictor variables against the number of negative behaviours observed. Negative visitor behaviour was relatively common, occurring in 57% of observations. Banging was the most commonly observed negative action. Negative behaviours were influenced by zoo (p < 0.001), species (p < 0.001) and the number of visitors present (p < 0.001). The charismatic species were the most harassed animals included in the study, while children were the most likely to engage in negative behaviour. Negative visitor behaviours occurred more frequently when animals were active and in close proximity to visitors. It is imperative for zoos to understand visitors’ behaviour so that they can effectively communicate with their visitors to minimise negative actions and promote better animal welfare.

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26

Napolitano, Fabio, Andrea Bragaglio, Emilio Sabia, Francesco Serrapica, Ada Braghieri, and Giuseppe De Rosa. "The human−animal relationship in dairy animals." Journal of Dairy Research 87, S1 (July 30, 2020): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022029920000606.

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AbstractThe present study aims to identify margins for the improvement of dairy animal welfare and production based on the quality of the human−animal relationship (HAR). The main tool proposed to improve the quality of HAR in dairy animals is training of stock-people by targeting their attitude and behaviour. Given that a good quality HAR may benefit the welfare of dairy animals and productivity, new technologies, by monitoring the handling routine on farm, may be more effective in promoting good practices. In particular, the implementation of new technologies may allow identification of specific inappropriate behaviours to be targeted at stockperson level, thus increasing the efficacy of training. However, an issue related to the introduction of new technologies in the farms, particularly in those that follow traditional farming practices, is the resistance to innovation which may be encountered.

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27

Huntingford, F. "AN ARRAY OF ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR: The Behavior of Animals: Mechanisms, Function, and Evolution." Journal of Experimental Biology 208, no. 12 (June 15, 2005): 2205–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.01674.

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28

Hemsworth, P. H., J. L. Barnett, and G. J. Coleman. "The Human-Animal Relationship in Agriculture and Its Consequences for the Animal." Animal Welfare 2, no. 1 (February 1993): 33–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s096272860001544x.

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AbstractAlthough human factors are recognized as influential factors affecting the welfare and productivity of farm animals, only limited research has been conducted to identify these important human characteristics and to quantify their effects. During the last 13 years we have studied two apparently important human factors: the attitude and the behaviour of stockpersons towards farm animals.We have proposed that in intensive animal production systems there are some important sequential relationships between the attitude and behaviour of the stockperson towards farm animals and the behaviour, performance and welfare of farm animals. Basically we have suggested that because a stockperson's behaviour towards animals is largely under volitional control it is strongly influenced by the attitudes and beliefs that the stockperson holds about the animals. Furthermore, the stockperson's behaviour towards animals affects the animals’ fear of humans which, in turn, affects the animals’ productivity and welfare. It is the occurrence of a stress response by animals which are highly fearful of humans which places their productivity and welfare at risk We have published data which strongly support these interrelationships between human attitude and behaviour and animal behaviour, productivity and welfare. This paper reviews this and other research on this subject. The results of research in the pig industry and to a lesser extent, the poultry industries indicate the excellent opportunity which exists to improve animal productivity and welfare by training and selecting stockpersons to have desirable attitudinal and behavioural profiles towards farm animals.

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29

Kret, Mariska E., and Tom S. Roth. "Anecdotes in animal behaviour." Behaviour 157, no. 5 (May 7, 2020): 385–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568539x-00003600.

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30

Gravitz, Lauren. "Animal behaviour: Nested instincts." Nature 521, no. 7552 (May 2015): S60—S61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/521s60a.

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31

Bischof,, Hans-Joachim. "Essentials of Animal Behaviour." Ethology 106, no. 8 (August 2000): 763. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0310.2000.00595.x.

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32

Cowie, Richard. "Textbook reprise—animal behaviour." Nature 320, no. 6062 (April 1986): 495. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/320495a0.

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33

Wynne, Clive. "Animal behaviour: Dissecting decay." Nature 486, no. 7403 (June 2012): 320. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/486320a.

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34

Roshier, Mandy, and Anne McBride. "Re: Animal behaviour questionnaire." Veterinary Nurse 4, no. 9 (November 26, 2013): 527. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/vetn.2013.4.9.527b.

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35

Blackshaw, Judith K. "Essentials of Animal Behaviour." Applied Animal Behaviour Science 70, no. 3 (January 2001): 247–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-1591(00)00154-4.

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36

Vittecoq, M., H. Ducasse, A. Arnal, A. P. Møller, B. Ujvari, C. B. Jacqueline, T. Tissot, et al. "Animal behaviour and cancer." Animal Behaviour 101 (March 2015): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2014.12.001.

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37

Anderson, James R. "Animal Behaviour: Pigtailed Police." Current Biology 15, no. 11 (June 2005): R427—R429. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2005.05.027.

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38

Wickens, S. M., C. Barnard, D. S. Mills, K. Shepherd, and S. Heath. "Guidance on animal behaviour." Veterinary Record 160, no. 8 (February 24, 2007): 275–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.160.8.275-a.

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39

TURNBULL, DEREK. "Pheromones and Animal Behaviour." Austral Ecology 30, no. 6 (September 2005): 707–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-9993.2005.01521.x.

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40

Huntingford, F. A. "Perspectives on animal behaviour." Behavioural Processes 32, no. 2 (August 1994): 227–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0376-6357(94)90078-7.

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41

Klein, Barrett Anthony, and Thomas D. Seeley. "The declining use of animal and behaviour images in animal behaviour journals." Animal Behaviour 103 (May 2015): 171–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2015.02.004.

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42

Vigors, Belinda, David A. Ewing, and Alistair B. Lawrence. "Happy or healthy? How members of the public prioritise farm animal health and natural behaviours." PLOS ONE 16, no. 3 (March 3, 2021): e0247788. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0247788.

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The importance given to minimising health issues and promoting natural behaviours is a polarising issue within farm animal welfare. It is predominantly thought that members of the public prioritise animals being able to behave naturally over other aspects of farm animal welfare, such as addressing health issues. However, public perspectives may be more multi-dimensional than is generally thought, with the importance given to these different elements of welfare dependent on the situation and state of the animals in question. To examine this, a factorial survey using vignettes, which experimentally manipulated the different levels of health (high health vs. low health) and natural behaviour provision (high behaviour vs. low behaviour), was completed by a sample (n = 810) representative of the UK population (on age, gender, ethnicity). Contrary to the predominant view, this study found animal health had the greatest effect on participants’ judgements, explaining more of the variance in their assessments of animal welfare than any other factor. However, findings also indicated that participants considered animal welfare to be most positive when both health issues are minimised and natural behaviours are promoted. Attitudes to natural behaviours also varied more between participants, with females, individuals who do not (regularly) eat meat and those with a greater belief in animal mind giving greater priority to natural behaviours. In the context of public and private welfare standards seeking to meet public expectations, this study provides important insights into how public perspectives of animal welfare are more nuanced than previously thought, influenced by the context of the animal, the aspect of welfare in question and personal characteristics.

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43

Sumpter, D. J. T. "The principles of collective animal behaviour." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 361, no. 1465 (November 28, 2005): 5–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2005.1733.

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In recent years, the concept of self-organization has been used to understand collective behaviour of animals. The central tenet of self-organization is that simple repeated interactions between individuals can produce complex adaptive patterns at the level of the group. Inspiration comes from patterns seen in physical systems, such as spiralling chemical waves, which arise without complexity at the level of the individual units of which the system is composed. The suggestion is that biological structures such as termite mounds, ant trail networks and even human crowds can be explained in terms of repeated interactions between the animals and their environment, without invoking individual complexity. Here, I review cases in which the self-organization approach has been successful in explaining collective behaviour of animal groups and societies. Ant pheromone trail networks, aggregation of cockroaches, the applause of opera audiences and the migration of fish schools have all been accurately described in terms of individuals following simple sets of rules. Unlike the simple units composing physical systems, however, animals are themselves complex entities, and other examples of collective behaviour, such as honey bee foraging with its myriad of dance signals and behavioural cues, cannot be fully understood in terms of simple individuals alone. I argue that the key to understanding collective behaviour lies in identifying the principles of the behavioural algorithms followed by individual animals and of how information flows between the animals. These principles, such as positive feedback, response thresholds and individual integrity, are repeatedly observed in very different animal societies. The future of collective behaviour research lies in classifying these principles, establishing the properties they produce at a group level and asking why they have evolved in so many different and distinct natural systems. Ultimately, this research could inform not only our understanding of animal societies, but also the principles by which we organize our own society.

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44

EVCİ, Şevket, and Erva ESER. "Can diet impress horse behaviour?" Journal of Istanbul Veterinary Sciences 7, no. 2 (August 26, 2023): 99–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.30704/http-www-jivs-net.1292983.

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Along with domestication, various changes in nutrition and digestion have occurred in horses as well as in all species. Our review aims to compile existing studies examining the role of nutrition and digestion in the emergence of undesirable behaviours in domestic horses. The success achieved in species with high adaptability has not been sustained by the change in breeding purposes over the years. Welfare, defined as the physical and mental health of animals. The responses of animals to various stimuli are defined as behaviour. Since the behaviour of animals plays a primary role in monitoring welfare, studies on animal behaviour have intensified. The development of undesirable behaviours complicates the care and management practices and negatively affects the welfare of the animals in the following periods, resulting in negative consequences for both the animal and its environment. Stereotypes, which are among the unwanted behaviours and exhibited in the form of purposeless, repetitive movements, are one of the biggest behavioural problems of horse breeding. Oral stereotypes impede food intake, locomotor stereotypes impede mobility and are instrumental in the emergence of chronic and more complex health problems. Other undesirable behaviours may also harm the horse's keeper and other horses kept together in the same box, resulting in serious injury. It is known that nutrition and nutrients affect the development of undesirable behaviours in horses. It is known that anticipatory behaviour creates a basis for repetitive behaviours as a result of inhibition when feeding time and nutrient content are out of preference or insufficient. The effect of nutrition and nutrient content on the emergence of stereotypes and undesirable behaviours has not been fully addressed and the subject remains up-to-date. The purpose of this paper is to provide a brief discussion of studies conducted to assess the effect of nutritional imbalances on stereotypic behaviour in horses. The PRISMA 2020 guidelines were applied to the review using systematic review rules.

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45

Wechsler, B. "Normal behaviour as a basis for animal welfare assessment." Animal Welfare 16, no. 2 (May 2007): 107–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0962728600031110.

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AbstractIt is generally agreed that farm animal welfare is at a high level when the animals can behave naturally. Most of today's housing systems, however, differ considerably from the natural environment in which the behavioural organisation of the ancestors of our farm animal species evolved. Consequently, normal behaviour may be impaired in several ways. Frequency, duration or sequence of behavioural elements may be affected. Some normal behaviour patterns may not occur at all. The animals may also possibly behave in unnatural ways – in patterns that would never occur in nature. Furthermore, it is usual for farm animals to exhibit behaviour which is normal in form, but which is elicited by artificial structures within their housing system.In view of these possible changes in normal behaviour, it is necessary to assess, for each farm animal species and each housing system, whether animal welfare is at risk in any way if the behaviour observed differs from the behaviour that would occur in a natural environment. In some cases the question can be answered by taking a theoretical evolutionary approach. In most cases, however, detailed knowledge about the behavioural organisation of the animals is necessary. Such knowledge is built up from animal motivation studies and investigations into the effect of environmental structures on animal behaviour.A specific problem of on-farm animal welfare assessment is that there is often not enough time to collect sufficient data to make a judgement about the occurrence of normal behaviour. Resource-based assessment methods are appropriate as an alternative, provided that the resource standards used are based on evidence stemming from research into animal behaviour and motivation.

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46

Whitehead, Sarah. "Domestic Animal Behaviour for Veterinarians and Animal Scientists." Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery 1, no. 4 (December 1999): vi. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/jfms.1999.0037.

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47

Hurnik, Frank. "Domestic animal behaviour for veterinarians and animal scientists." Applied Animal Behaviour Science 15, no. 3 (June 1986): 299–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-1591(86)90102-4.

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48

Acharya, Rutu Y., Paul H. Hemsworth, Grahame J. Coleman, and James E. Kinder. "The Animal-Human Interface in Farm Animal Production: Animal Fear, Stress, Reproduction and Welfare." Animals 12, no. 4 (February 16, 2022): 487. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12040487.

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A negative human-animal relationship (HAR) from the perspective of the animal is a limiting factor affecting farm animal welfare, as well as farm animal productivity. Research in farm animals has elucidated sequential relationships between stockperson attitudes, stockperson behaviour, farm animal fear behaviour, farm animal stress physiology, and farm animal productivity. In situations where stockperson attitudes to and interactions with farm animals are sub-optimal, through animal fear and stress, both animal welfare and productivity, including reproductive performance, can be compromised. There is a growing body of evidence that farm animals often seek and enjoy interacting with humans, but our understanding of the effects of a positive HAR on stress resilience and productivity in farm animals is limited. In this review, we explore the pathways by which stress induced by human-animal interactions can negatively affect farm animal reproduction, in particular, via inhibitory effects on the secretion of gonadotrophins. We also review the current knowledge of the stockperson characteristics and the nature of stockperson interactions that affect fear and physiological stress in farm animals. The contents of this review provide an insight into the importance of the HAR on farm animal welfare and reproduction while highlighting the gap in knowledge regarding the effects of a positive HAR on farm animals.

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49

Neethirajan, Suresh, and Bas Kemp. "Social Network Analysis in Farm Animals: Sensor-Based Approaches." Animals 11, no. 2 (February 8, 2021): 434. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11020434.

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Natural social systems within animal groups are an essential aspect of agricultural optimization and livestock management strategy. Assessing elements of animal behaviour under domesticated conditions in comparison to natural behaviours found in wild settings has the potential to address issues of animal welfare effectively, such as focusing on reproduction and production success. This review discusses and evaluates to what extent social network analysis (SNA) can be incorporated with sensor-based data collection methods, and what impact the results may have concerning welfare assessment and future farm management processes. The effectiveness and critical features of automated sensor-based technologies deployed in farms include tools for measuring animal social group interactions and the monitoring and recording of farm animal behaviour using SNA. Comparative analyses between the quality of sensor-collected data and traditional observational methods provide an enhanced understanding of the behavioural dynamics of farm animals. The effectiveness of sensor-based approaches in data collection for farm animal behaviour measurement offers unique opportunities for social network research. Sensor-enabled data in livestock SNA addresses the biological aspects of animal behaviour via remote real-time data collection, and the results both directly and indirectly influence welfare assessments, and farm management processes. Finally, we conclude with potential implications of SNA on modern animal farming for improvement of animal welfare.

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Pyle, Greg, and Alex T. Ford. "Behaviour revised: Contaminant effects on aquatic animal behaviour." Aquatic Toxicology 182 (January 2017): 226–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.11.008.

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