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Schafraad, Pytrik, and Ward Van Zoonen. "Reconsidering churnalism: How news factors in corporate press releases influence how journalists treat these press releases after initial selection." Communications 45, s1 (November 18, 2020): 718–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/commun-2019-2075.
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AbstractThis study examines how news factors in press releases influence journalists’ decisions and the journalistic treatment of press release information after its initial selection for the news agenda: These journalists can transform press releases into a news story, which involves little journalistic capital investment, or use these releases for a unique news production, which requires significant journalistic capital investment. The data elicited from the content analysis show that the more profound the presence of certain news factors in press releases, the higher the chance that journalists will choose to invest their journalistic capital in these press releases. This result means that journalists will only invest journalistic capital in press releases that contain specific news factors.
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Kosyk, Anastasiya, Anna Kirsten, Andreas M. Scheu, and Bernadette Uth. "COVID-19 sceptics’ attitudes and expectations toward the media: Understanding the role of moral judgements on trust and distrust in journalistic communication on COVID-19." Studies in Communication and Media 12, no. 2-3 (2023): 155–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/2192-4007-2023-2-3-155.
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During the COVID-19 pandemic, the German population has become polarised and distrust in social institutions has grown. Despite generally high levels of trust in sci- ence, we have witnessed the emergence of science and COVID-19 sceptics, who are critical of widely accepted scientific knowledge about COVID-19 health risks, treatment and vac- cines. While journalistic information on scientific topics is assumed to be central to knowl- edge formation, little is known thus far about the use of media and the formation of COVID-19 sceptics’ attitudes. This exploratory interview study therefore investigated the trust and distrust expressed by German COVID-19 sceptics regarding journalistic informa- tion on COVID-19. Results indicate that COVID-19 sceptics perceive themselves as criti- cal, responsible media users and informed recipients. They increasingly distrust journalistic science coverage due to what they view as moral failures in journalism; as a result, they prefer alternative media that they believe to be morally superior.
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Stanojević, Dobrivoje, and Lidija Mirkov. "Genological media alternative: Column as an antigenre." CM: Communication and Media 17, no. 52 (2022): 263–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/cm17-41522.
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In the age of digital content, information does not reach people only through standard and established linguistic and genre forms. In addition to hybrids, it is possible to experience many other genres in public, in accordance with the context of current reality. The first journalistic genre singled out from the world of literature -the column -today is not just small-scale literature. There are currents in it that we can observe from the angle of literary and journalistic studies because it retains the standardized genre properties, giving new dimensions of meaning. There is little genealogical research in the field of media. Preserving the features of traditional genres is as difficult as shaping new genres that can be labeled as alternatives. The column in public discourse today is not neglected, but, on the contrary, it attracts the attention of young generations (weeklies, portals, new media platforms such as YouTube or Ted talk). The column as a counter-genre is a proven "habit" of the text to take shape against expectations. The columnist himself determines his genre boundaries. The ironic-parodic, negative, nihilistic side of the column stems from the uncertainty of journalistic discourse. The constant meandering of the form affects its perception. The anti-genre features of the column make it critically oriented towards genealogical conventions. The column has no strict conventions, other than conventions breaking conventions and trying to be "unconventional." The column pushes the boundaries and meanings of genres and contributes to the decentralization of contemporary media discourse. It is becoming the new structural dominant of contemporary journalism.
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Fernàndez-Aragonès, Aina, and Mª Soliña Barreiro González. "Framing the gig economy: Delivery riders in Spanish media (2015–21)." Journal of Class & Culture 2, no. 1 (April 1, 2023): 75–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jclc_00023_1.
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Riders or delivery messengers are currently a symbol of job insecurity. However, companies in the so-called gig or platform economy continue to present themselves as modern ones, technologically adapted to the new scheme that defines the twenty-first century. The article analyses, from the perspective of framing and journalistic routines, the media coverage (press) of the main delivery companies in Spain: Glovo and Deliveroo. Using a longitudinal sample of 764 pieces of news drawn from the six most important Spanish newspapers from January 2015 to December 2021, we explore the conditions under which this information is prepared and how this determines the frames of their narrative. This article exposes the principal media frames used in the news treatment of the rider phenomena and analyses its causes, focusing on structural elements in the journalistic routines from a materialist perspective. In short, this article focuses on an analysis of the collision of frames as a continuation of the capital/labour struggle in the media sphere.
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Fernández-Rovira, Cristina, and Santiago Giraldo-Luque. "How Are Women Politicians Treated in the Press? The Case of Spain, France and the United Kingdom." Journalism and Media 2, no. 4 (November 23, 2021): 732–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/journalmedia2040043.
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Women politicians have been discriminated against or negatively valued under stereotypes in media coverage and have been given a secondary role compared to male politicians. The article proposes an analysis of the treatment given by digital media to women political leaders. They are from different parties in three countries and the aim is to identify the polarity (positive, neutral or negative) of the information published about them in the media. The text focuses on the cases of Anne Hidalgo and Marine Le Pen, from France, Nicola Sturgeon and Theresa May, from the United Kingdom and Ada Colau and Inés Arrimadas, from Spain. The study develops a computerised sentiment analysis of the information published in two leading digital newspapers in each country, during the month of November 2019. The research, with the analysis of 1100 journalistic pieces, shows that the polarity or valence of the women analysed is predominantly neutral and positive and that the journalistic genres do not determine the media representation of the women studied. On the contrary, the country of study does have a predominant incidence on the way in which women politicians are represented, while the relationship of affinity or antipathy of the Spanish media with the women politicians studied is significant.
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Paíno-Ambrosio, Adriana, and M. ª. Isabel Rodríguez-Fidalgo. "Del espectador pasivo al experiencial: la realidad virtual en la información deportiva." INDEX COMUNICACION 10, no. 1 (October 1, 2020): 219–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.33732/ixc/10/01delesp.
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Virtual Reality (VR) and 360º video have been introduced in a novel way in recent years in the journalistic field thanks to their narrative potentialities. Their characteristics have not gone unnoticed within the field of sports reporting, which already has a high audience in any traditional or cybernetic media, giving it a greater attraction now. One of the changes introduced by these productions is their form of consumption. Within this context, this research arises, focused on immersive journalism. Under a qualitative and quantitative perspective, 225 sports productions randomly selected from the main technical platforms that provide VR and video content in 360º are analyzed. The perspective of the analysis focuses on the changes produced in the sports viewer. The main findings show that one of the innovations of this type of immersive storytelling directly affects the role of the spectator, who no longer adopts a passive attitude but becomes a protagonist of the sport. New experiences of sports consumption are beginning to be generated where the treatment of information, to a certain extent, is relegated to second place, in relation to traditional journalistic criteria. We are in front of a new sports spectator.
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Sánchez Torres, Mabel. "The environmental agenda in alternative media in Ibero-America: key issues and challenges." Multidisciplinar (Montevideo) 3 (January 30, 2025): 202. https://doi.org/10.62486/agmu2025202.
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The article reflects on the challenges of the environmental agenda promoted by alternative media born in the digital environment. After a critical review of the scientific literature on the treatment of the subject in Ibero-America, the text aims to shed light on the debate on the concept of alternative journalism, understood as a journalistic practice that prioritizes the depth, veracity and added value of the information as opposed to the mercantilist and liberal sense of traditional media companies. In addition, it delves into the trends of the environmental agenda and the approach to climate change in particular, and points out the main challenges of alternative media to promote a sustainable agenda.
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Hiss, Florian. "Tromsø som samisk by? – Språkideologier og medienes rolle i språkdebatten." Nordlit 16, no. 2 (October 23, 2012): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/13.2375.
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This article presents a critical analysis of the discursive practices in the public debate on Sámi language in Tromsø. The conflict around the political plan of Tromsø municipality to join the administrative area for the Sámi language lasted for about one year and was largely carried out in the local newspapers, which had established themselves as an arena and broker in the conflict. The focus of this study is, on the one hand, on the role of the media in the debate and, on the other hand, on the socially constructed relations between Sámi and Norwegian language and social meanings, which get expressed in a highly ideological picture of language and local identity and form the ground for the language conflict. The analytic strategy is twofold: as a first step, the study focuses on the reproduction of language ideologies in letters to the editor and readers’ contributions to the local papers’ discussion pages. The identification of the three semiotic processes of iconization (rhematization), fractal recursivity, and erasure reveals how the writers’ expressions of opinion are anchored in a language ideology that connects Sámi language with certain social values and ignores a larger linguistic and cultural diversity in the town of Tromsø. As a second step, the analysis explores the journalistic treatment of the multitude of conflicting voices in the debate and critically sheds light on the construction of a journalistic voice. Although the journalists claim to construe a seemingly neutral ground for their reports (or independent comments), the analysis shows that journalists use the representation of various voices in their texts to construe a positioned, evaluating, and ideologically anchored journalistic voice. In face of the highly ideological character of the language debate in Tromsø, I argue that local journalism has failed in countering the ideological picture of language and society through information and independent journalism.
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Sánchez Maldonado, Miguel, José Luis Terrón Blanco, and José Carlos Lozano Rendón. "Stigmatization and lexical use in the journalistic treatment of information about hiv/aids in five Mexican newspapers from 2012 to 2013." Comunicación y Sociedad, no. 25 (January 1, 2016): 71–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.32870/cys.v0i25.4422.
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Shima, Hiroaki, Ryuzo Okuda, Toshito Yasuda, Katsunori Mori, Momoko Kizawa, Seiya Tsujinaka, and Masashi Neo. "Operative Treatment for Hallux Valgus With Moderate to Severe Metatarsus Adductus." Foot & Ankle International 40, no. 6 (March 7, 2019): 641–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071100719835520.
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Background: Operative treatment is indicated for patients who have symptomatic hallux valgus (HV) with moderate to severe metatarsus adductus (MA). However, there is limited information available on the operative procedures and outcomes for the treatment of HV with MA. We aimed to investigate the average 10-year follow-up clinical and radiologic outcomes. Methods: Seventeen patients (21 feet, average age: 60.1 years) with symptomatic HV with moderate to severe MA were operatively treated. Mean postoperative follow-up duration was 114.4 (24-246) months. All feet had metatarsus adductus angle ≥20 degrees on dorsoplantar weight-bearing radiograph. The procedure included a proximal crescentic osteotomy of the first metatarsal and abduction osteotomy of the proximal third of the second and third metatarsals. Results: The mean American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society scale score improved significantly postoperatively ( P < .001). The mean postoperative visual analog scale score (17 feet) was 2.0 (0-6). Preoperative metatarsalgia was severe in 2 feet, moderate in 17, and mild in 2. At the most recent follow-up evaluation, 11 feet had no pain, 9 had mild pain, and 1 had moderate pain. The mean hallux valgus angle, intermetatarsal angle, and metatarsus adductus angle significantly decreased postoperatively ( P < .001 for all). Recurrence of HV (HV angle ≥ 20 degrees) was observed in 4 feet. Conclusion: The clinical and radiologic results indicated that our novel operative treatment for HV with moderate to severe MA can achieve significant correction of HV with MA deformities and significant improvement in pain and function. Level of Evidence: Level IV, retrospective case series.
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Kokiz AL-SARRAJ, Shukria. "THE PRESS TREATMENT OF THE VISIT OF "POPE FRANCIS" AND ITS REPERCUSSIONS ON COMMUNITY PEACE IN IRAQ... A SURVEY STUDY..." RIMAK International Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 4, no. 6 (November 1, 2022): 389–414. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/2717-8293.20.24.
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The importance of the research from a practical point of view lies in the fact that it presents a set of statistics and data that give a clear picture of how the Iraqi newspapers (the subject of the study) deal with the visit of "Pope Francis" to Iraq ، and what are the most prominent indicators and manifestations of that visit in promoting societal peace among the Iraqi public. From a scientific point of view، the research provides another scientific addition to the media library، especially with regard to journalistic treatments and methods of framing the Arab international press for the subject of the visit، which could be a starting point for other researchers to complete qualitative research in this field. The research problem is how the Iraqi newspapers (the subject of the study) deal with Pope Francis' visit to Iraq، identifying the questions it raised to the reader، and the extent of the media material's contribution to the newspaper and its analyzes، to reveal and highlight the issues of interest. A main question for the research problem can be formulated as follows: How did the Iraqi press handle Pope Francis' visit to Iraq? Branching from this main question are sub-questions that can be identified as follows: 1- What are the most important journalistic arts that dealt with the visit of "Pope Francis" to Iraq? 2- What kind of information sources did the Iraqi press use in dealing with Pope Francis' visit to Iraq? 3- What is the location of publishing the topics of Pope Francis' visit to Iraq in the two newspapers Al-Ainah? 4- What are the most prominent internal and external actors that the Iraqi press dealt with while addressing the visit of "Pope Francis" to Iraq? 5- What are the directions of content presentation of the press treatment of Pope Francis' visit to Iraq? 6- What are the most prominent types of journalistic treatments used in Pope Francis' visit to Iraq? 7- What is the impact of Pope Francis' visit on societal peace in Iraq? 8- Did the visit have positive or negative repercussions on societal peace in Iraq? 9- Was the media of its various types effective in handling and covering the visit? 10- Which active forces were the most influential during the visit? 11- What are the most influential dimensions of this visit in the societal peace in Iraq? 12- How important is the role of Iraqi women in this visit? Within the framework of the methodology، methods and research tools available to it، the researcher seeks to achieve a number of scientific objectives related to the subject of the research، including the following at the level of the analytical study: 1. Getting to know how the Iraqi press handled the visit of "Pope Francis" to Iraq. 2. Knowing the most important journalistic arts that dealt with the visit of "Pope Francis" to Iraq 3. To identify the type of information sources adopted by the Iraqi press for the visit of "Pope Francis" to Iraq. 4. Knowing the location of publishing the topics of Pope Francis’ visit to Iraq in Al-Ainah newspapers. 5. Determining the most prominent internal and external actors dealt with by the Iraqi press for the visit of "Pope Francis" to Iraq. 6. Statement of the direction of the press treatment of Pope Francis' visit to Iraq. 7. To identify the most prominent types of press treatments that were used in Pope Francis' visit to Iraq. As for the research objectives in the field study، they are as follows: 1- Knowing the impact of Pope Francis' visit on societal peace in Iraq. 2- Find out what the visit has achieved of positive or negative repercussions on societal peace in Iraq? 3- Recognizing the effectiveness of the various types of media in handling and covering the visit. 4- Exposing the most influential actors during the visit. 5- Knowing the most influential dimensions of this visit in the societal peace in Iraq. 6- Understand the importance of the role of Iraqi women in this visit. The research community is represented in the following areas: 1- The temporal domain: The researcher determined the temporal domain of her research by specifying the visit of "Pope Francis" to Iraq، as the time period for analyzing the content of the Iraqi press on the subject of the research was determined، as well as the units or categories of analysis related to media treatment. 2- Spatial domain: the researcher chose to analyze the content of the Iraqi press (Al-Sabah / Al-Zaman). 3- The human sphere: the human sphere is represented by a sample of the Iraqi elite، represented by a sample of Baghdad University professors. Among the most important results of the research are the following: 1. The category of spreading a culture of societal peace has preceded the main (7) categories of journalistic treatment of Pope Francis' visit to Iraq. 2. The art of press news in the two newspapers of the sample got the first rank among (6) journalistic arts used for the treatment under study. 3. The highest frequencies in the press sources used in the press treatment (the press representative) were collected in both newspapers. 4. The positive trend prevailed over the presentation of the topics of Pope Francis' visit to Iraq. 5. The internal pages have progressed from the first and last pages in publishing the topics of the visit. 6. The Iraqi government represented the internal and external actors in handling the two newspapers for the visit. 7. The explanatory treatment ranked first in the two newspapers of the sample in its journalistic treatment of the visit. 8. Pope Francis' visit had a great impact on societal peace in Iraq. 9. The visit achieved its positive repercussions by (89%) on the Iraqi society. 10. The sample confirmed that the timing of the visit was very appropriate for the stage in Iraq. 11. The sample confirmed that the Iraqi media of all kinds and trends were active during the visit. 12. The name of the pilgrimage to Ur was presented above the rest of the names given to Pope Francis' visit to Iraq. 13. The respondents indicated that the religious authority in Najaf Al-Ashraf was one of the effective forces for the success of the visit. 14. The sample confirmed that women have priority and an active role in Pope Francis' conversations during the visit. Keywords: Journalism.. Treatment.. Societal Peace
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Бакунина, Н. А., and Ю. П. Сотникова. "Modern View on Surgical Treatment of Angle-Closure Glaucoma." Офтальмология. Восточная Европа, no. 1 (March 3, 2022): 126–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.34883/pi.2022.12.1.028.
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Первичная закрытоугольная глаукома (ПЗУГ, primary angle-closure glaucoma – PACG) является одной из наиболее прогностически неблагоприятных форм глаукомы с точки зрения нарушения зрительных функций.Несмотря на широкие современные диагностические возможности выявления ПЗУГ, вопросы выбора метода хирургического лечения глаукомы «коротких» глаз остаются достаточно актуальными.До настоящего времени нет четких рекомендаций по хирургическому лечению пациентов с ПЗУГ по причине многообразия анатомических и этнических особенностей строения «коротких» глаз, и этот вопрос также требует дальнейшего изучения, ввиду того что традиционная лазерная иридэктомия эффективна только в 58% случаев. Глаза с первичным закрытием угла передней камеры (ПЗУ), с острым приступом закрытоугольной глаукомы (ОПЗУГ), а также большинство глаз с ПЗУГ нуждаются в дальнейшем лечении после иридэктомии.Согласно Marchini G. еt al. (2015), закрытие угла может повторяться после профилактической лазерной периферической иридэктомии (ЛПИ), произведенной после купирования приступа глаукомы на контралатеральном глазу, из-за синдрома плато радужной оболочки, диспропорции хрусталика или цилиарной блокады, а также из-за развития хронической закрытоугольной глаукомы – до 50–58% случаев.Прогрессирование катаракты, случаи подвывиха хрусталика, повреждение эндотелия роговицы, остаточное закрытие угла передней камеры (УПК) после ЛПИ несколько дискриминируют этот метод лечения.В предлагаемом обзоре обобщены имеющиеся в литературе сведения о лазерном и хирургическом методах лечения закрытоугольной глаукомы, выделены диагностические критерии, на которые следует обращать внимание при определении тактики лечения пациентов с ЗУГ. Primary angle-closure glaucoma is one of the most prognostically unfavorable forms of glaucoma in terms of visual impairment.Despite the wide modern diagnostic possibilities of detecting PACG (рrimary angle- closure glaucoma), the issues of choosing the method of surgery for glaucoma of "short" eyes remain quite relevant.To date, there are no clear recommendations for the surgery of patients with PACG due to the variety of anatomical and ethnic features of the structure of "short" eyes, and this issue also requires further study, due to the fact that traditional laser iridectomy is effective only in 58% of cases.Eyes with PACG, with an acute attack of angle-closure glaucoma, as well as most eyes with PACG need further treatment after iridectomy. According to Marchini G. et al. (2015), close angle may be repeated after prophylactic peripheral iridotomy to 50–58% of cases, produced after the relief of an attack of glaucoma in the contralateral eye, due to the syndrome of plateau iris, lens distortions or ciliary blockade, but also because of the development of chronic angle-closure glaucoma.The progression of cataract cases of subluxation of the crystalline lens after laser iridectomy few discriminate this method of treatment.The proposed review summarizes the information available in the literature on the surgery of angle-closure glaucoma, identifies diagnostic criteria that should be paid attention to when determining the tactics of treatment of patients with angle-closure glaucoma.
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Retnasamy, Vithyacharan, Zaliman Sauli, Moganraj Palianysamy, Steven Taniselass, Phaklen Ehkan, and Fairul Afzal Ahmad Fuad. "Wettability Study Using O2 and Ar RIE Gas Treatment on Aluminium Surface." Advanced Materials Research 896 (February 2014): 233–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.896.233.
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Wettability is one of the most important aspects in microfluid technology. The effect of surface roughness on the wettability by a liquid has been studied experimentally using Design of Experiment(DOE). Sixteen samples were etched using Reactive Ion Etching (RIE) technique with different combination of parameters. RIE parameters concerned in this experiment are ratio of Oxygen, Argon, ICP power and BIAS power. Reactive Ion Etching influences surface morphology which is correlated with the contact angle produced. This preliminary study is to gain information on the how does RIE affects the aluminum bondpad in terms of surface roughness and contact angle.
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Farida, Anis Farida, Asep Saeful Muhtadi, and Moch Fakhruroji. "Pandangan Mahasiswa Terhadap Profesionalisme Wartawan Foto Media Cetak Pikiran Rakyat." Annaba: Jurnal Ilmu Jurnalistik 2, no. 1 (October 26, 2021): 23–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.15575/annaba.v2i1.410.
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Foto jurnalistik adalah foto yang bernilai berita atau foto yang menarik bagi pembaca tertentu, dan informasi tersebut disampaikan kepada masyarakat sesingkat mungkin. Maka awal dari kegiatan foto jurnalistik bagi jurnalistik foto adalah memiliki skil atau keterampilan khusus sehingga pesan yang disampaikan dari suatu hasil visual foto jurnalistik jelas dan segera dapat dipahami seluruh lapisan masyarakat. Berdasarkan argumen diatas maka peneliti tertarik untuk melakukan kajian mengenai profesionalisme wartawan foto yang ada di media cetak Pikiran Rakyat dengan perspektif mahasiswa komunitas Photo’s Speak. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif, subjek penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa komunitas Photo’s Speak jurusan jurnalististik angkatan 2014, sedangkan objek penelitian ini adalah pandangan mahasiswa terhadap profesionalisme wartawan foto. Informan dipilih secara purposive sampling, data diperoleh dari hasil wawancara, dokumentasi dan observasi, analisis data dilakukan dengan reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pandangan mahasiswa komunitas Photo’s Speak terhadap profesionalisme wartawan foto media cetak Pikiran Rakyat dalam mengambil dan menghasilkan gambar sudah sangat profesional, terbukti 10 informan menyatakan bahwa hasil dan teknik yang digunakan oleh wartawan foto PR sudah memenuhi teknik EDFAT (Entire, Detail, Frame, Angle, Time) yang artinya sudah memenuhi kaidah dan standar profesional.
Journalistic photos are photos that have news or photos that are of interest to certain readers, and the information is conveyed to the public as short as possible. So the beginning of journalistic photo activities for photojournalism is to have special skills or skills so that the message conveyed from a photojournalistic visual result is clear and immediately understood by all levels of society. Based on the above argument, the researcher is interested in conducting a study on the professionalism of photojournalists in the Pikiran Rakyat print media with the perspective of the students of the Photo’s Speak community. This study used a qualitative descriptive analysis, the subject of this study was the students of the Photo’s Speak community in journalism in the 2014 class, while the object of this study was the students' view of the professionalism of photojournalists. Informants were selected by purposive sampling, data obtained from interviews, documentation and observation, data analysis was carried out by data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The results of the study show that there are views of the Photo's Speak community students on the professionalism of photojournalists, Pikiran Rakyat print media in taking and producing images is very professional, as evidenced by 10 informants stating that the results and techniques used by PR photo reporters have met EDFAT techniques (Entire, Details, Frame, Angle, Time) which means that it has fulfilled professional rules and standards.
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Sinha, Rajiv Ranjan, Binod Kumar, Sanjay Kumar, Ruchi Ratnesh, Md Jawed Akhtar, and Nafees Fatima. "Study of neck shaft angle of femur in population of Bihar." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 5, no. 11 (October 27, 2017): 4819. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20174926.
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Background: Neck shaft angle is the angle formed between the long axis of shaft and long axis of neck. Neck shaft angle of femur is an important parameter considering the biomechanics of hip joint. Neck shaft angle gives important information regarding race to which they belong. Normal neck shaft angle is in the range of 1200 -1400. Objective of the study was to find out the neck shaft angle of femur and correlate with the previous study.Methods: present study was conducted on 60 dry femur collected from different medical colleges of Bihar. The neck shaft angle was measured by Goniometer.Results: In this study the neck shaft angle of femur was 130.820, in male neck shaft angle of femur was 130.280 and in females it was 131.420.Conclusions: There is no significance difference between the male and female neck shaft angle. Orthopaedists use the normal range and mean of the neck shaft angle in diagnosis and treatment of the disease of hip. The angle is increased in poliomyelitis, congenital subluxation and dislocation of hip and decreased in congenital coxa vara.
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Galimova, A. B., A. V. Kuroyedov, and V. U. Galimova. "The relationship between different types of primary glaucoma and retinal vein occlusion." National Journal glaucoma 23, no. 3 (September 19, 2024): 54–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.53432/2078-4104-2024-23-3-54-66.
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The relationship between glaucoma and retinal vein occlusion (RVO) has been a subject of ongoing scientific interest. Several population-based studies have identified glaucoma as a significant risk factor for the development of RVO. However, data on the relationship between different types of primary glaucoma and RVO remain contradictory. Clarifying the nature of this relationship and identifying its possible pathogenic basis could improve treatment approaches for these conditions.This review summarizes information on the relationship between various types of primary glaucoma and RVO, establishes the role of primary open-angle glaucoma as a risk factor for RVO development, and discusses the impact of localized hemodynamic disturbances on the development and progression of primary open-angle glaucoma. The article also notes the different ways in which primary angle-closure glaucoma can affect the development of occlusion of central retinal vein and its branches, and summarizes the information on the influence of medications used to treat macular edema in RVO on intraocular pressure. Recommendations are provided on the selection of treatment methods for macular edema associated with retinal vein occlusion, taking into account the presented data.
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Boivin, J. F., M. McGregor, and C. Archer. "Cost Effectiveness of Screening for Primary Open Angle Glaucoma." Journal of Medical Screening 3, no. 3 (September 1996): 154–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096914139600300309.
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Objectives and Setting –To determine the cost effectiveness of screening for glaucoma. Methods –Information on treatment efficacy, diagnostic methods, epidemiological characteristics of glaucoma, and costs were determined from the literature, from administrative databases, and from experts. Scenarios with different screening frequency, age, participation in screening, compliance with treatment, treatment efficacy, and diagnostic tests were examined. Results –The initial scenario comprised three-yearly screening of subjects aged 40–79 by funduscopy and tonometry, followed by perimetry when abnormalities were discovered. The assumption of levels of participation in screening and of compliance with treatment of 75%, and treatment efficacy of 50% resulted in a cost of $C100 000 per year of blindness prevented. A scenario in which screening was restricted to subjects aged 65–79, with the same input variables, would prevent 81% of the cases of blindness prevented with scenario 1, at a cost of $C42 000 per year of blindness prevented. Screening with tonometry only as the initial diagnostic test in subjects aged 65–79 would result in a cost of $C36 000 per year of blindness prevented, but would only prevent 59% of the cases prevented with scenario 1. Conclusions –There is as yet no proof that treatment of glaucoma or of high intraocular pressure will arrest the progression of glaucoma to blindness. Even when treatment efficacy is assumed to be as high as 50%, however, the cost effectiveness of most glaucoma screening programmes considered would not be competitive.
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Montenegro, Dan Pinheiro, and Neuza Maria de Fátima Guareschi. "Estratégias necrofarmacológicas: Tratamento precoce e a gestão mortífera da vida na pandemia de Covid-19 no Brasil." Estudios Avanzados, no. 41 (December 31, 2024): 127–49. https://doi.org/10.35588/1hjkf229.
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In this article, we aim to address the emergence of what we call necropharmacological strategies. Taking as our object of analysis early treatment as a policy implemented by the Brazilian government in response to the Covid-19 health emergency, we discuss the strategic role of this practice in the management of life and production of death in Brazil during the pandemic event. By cross-referencing the Report of the CPI da Pandemia and the Timeline of the Federal Strategy for the Dissemination of Covid-19 (CEPEDISA), our study identified two documentary materials on early treatment on which our analyses are based: the Information Note of the Ministry of Health 17/2020 and the Opinion of the Federal Council of Medicine 04/2020. As results of this analysis, we highlight: the role of early treatment in capturing the uncertainty and exceptionality associated with the health crisis, especially in scientific and institutional controversies; the role of institutional, journalistic artifacts, medicines and agency games in the composition of this government technology; and the role of early treatment in the promotion and distribution of death that we understand in the concept of necropharmacological strategy.
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Tack, Filip. "Caught by the ITA? From Inception to Current Dilemmas – The EU’s Angle." Global Trade and Customs Journal 5, Issue 2 (February 1, 2010): 57–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/gtcj2010006.
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The Information Technology Agreement (ITA) is a sector-specific and plurilateral trade liberalization agreement, which was concluded in the framework of the World Trade Organization (WTO) and has been effective since 1 July 1997. The European Union (EU) was one of the driving forces behind and first signatories of the agreement. This article discusses the interplay between the ITA and the EU’s Schedules of Concession under GATT 1994. It also addresses some limitations of ITA’s product coverage following the process of technological convergence among Information and Communication Technology (ICT) products. Thus, economic operators are today challenged to assess whether new multifunctional and sophisticated devices are subject to customs duties, or on the contrary, benefit from a duty-free treatment. The tariff treatment that the EU accords to mobile phones with increased functionality further illustrates the boundaries of ITA’s product coverage.
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Ionescu, Claudia, Cecilia Savii, Maria Balasoiu, Mihaela Popovici, Corina Enache, Alexander Kuklin, Ahmed Islamov, Yurii Kovale, and László Almásy. "Investigation of silica-PVA xerogel microstructure evolution during thermal treatment by sans experiment." Acta Periodica Technologica, no. 35 (2004): 95–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/apt0435095i.
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The purpose of the study was to investigate the appearance of certain microstructures developing in the SiO2/PVA nanocomposite xerogels at different temperatures by small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). The samples were prepared by the alcoxide route of the sol-gel method. The SANS measurements were performed over a q (scattering vector) range from 0.05 to 3.7 nm-1, providing structural information at length scales (2?/q) between approximately 1 and 100 nm. The measured small-angle scattering intensities of silica and silica/PVA samples aged at 60?C and heat-treated at different temperatures, are presented in log-log plots. It is shown that both the molecular mass of organic and the temperature of thermal treatment have strong influence on transition tendency from mass fractal toward surface fractal structures.
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von Gundlach, A. R., V. M. Garamus, T. M. Willey, J. Ilavsky, K. Hilpert, and A. Rosenhahn. "Use of small-angle X-ray scattering to resolve intracellular structure changes ofEscherichia colicells induced by antibiotic treatment." Journal of Applied Crystallography 49, no. 6 (December 1, 2016): 2210–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600576716018562.
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The application of small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) to wholeEscherichia colicells is challenging owing to the variety of internal constituents. To resolve their contributions, the outer shape was captured by ultra-small-angle X-ray scattering and combined with the internal structure resolved by SAXS. Building on these data, a model for the major structural components ofE. coliwas developed. It was possible to deduce information on the occupied volume, occurrence and average size of the most important intracellular constituents: ribosomes, DNA and proteins.E. coliwas studied after treatment with three different antibiotic agents (chloramphenicol, tetracycline and rifampicin) and the impact on the intracellular constituents was monitored.
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Alexander, Christy L., Sarah J. Miller, and Steven R. Abel. "Prostaglandin Analog Treatment of Glaucoma and Ocular Hypertension." Annals of Pharmacotherapy 36, no. 3 (March 2002): 504–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1345/aph.1a178.
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OBJECTIVE: To review available data related to the use of prostaglandin analogs (bimatoprost, latanoprost, travoprost, unoprostone) in the management of ocular hypertension and open-angle glaucoma. DATA SOURCES: Primary and review articles were identified from a MEDLINE search (1966–May 2001) and requested information from product manufacturers. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION: All available information, including that published in articles and abstracts, which was deemed relevant was included in this review. Limited data have been published to date. DATA SYNTHESIS: The prostaglandin analogs appear to be effective, well-tolerated agents for the reduction of intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension. This drug class offers an alternative for patients who do not achieve control with another topical antiglaucoma agent or for those with a contraindication to first-line therapy with β-adrenergic antagonists. Based on preliminary clinical data, bimatoprost, latanoprost, and travoprost appear to be at least as effective as timolol, while the effectiveness of unoprostone is similar or slightly less. Prostaglandin analogs may be used in conjunction with other antiglaucoma medications, although further studies must establish the optimal combination. Whether clinical experience will yield outcomes in favor of one of the prostaglandin analogs remains to be determined. Patients should be educated on adverse events associated with prostaglandin analogs, particularly the potential for changes in the pigmentation of the iris and eyelashes. CONCLUSIONS: Bimatoprost, latanoprost, and travoprost appear to be equivalent to the current standard of therapy in the topical treatment of elevated IOP. Further clinical data published in article versus abstract format is required to better assess potential differences among these 3 agents.
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Haug, Magne Martin, Haavard Koppang, and Jan Svennevig. "Moderator Bias in Television Coverage of an Election Campaign with no Political Advertising." Nordicom Review 31, no. 2 (November 1, 2010): 79–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nor-2017-0131.
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Abstract TV journalists may influence election outcomes through the way in which they cover election campaigns. This is perhaps more of an issue in countries with no political advertising, where the only connection between politicians and voters through the most important medium, television, is mediated by TV journalists. The present article analyzes journalist moderator behavior in an election campaign in which there was no political advertising and no party-controlled election TV programming. Data were collected from election cross-examination programs on the two TV channels covering the 2005 general election in Norway. There was little consistent information for voters across programs. There were significant biases in moderator treatment of politicians along the left/right political divide. The present article may contribute to increased consciousness among journalists of the possibility of moderator bias in this sort of journalistic campaign coverage. Implications for the outcome of the election are discussed.
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Sampedro, Víctor, F. Javier López-Ferrández, and Álvaro Carretero. "Leaks-based journalism and media scandals: From official sources to the networked Fourth Estate?" European Journal of Communication 33, no. 3 (March 27, 2018): 255–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0267323118763907.
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This article offers a comparative study of three media scandals arising from two types of leaks: official ones (the Monedero Case and the Pujol Case) and those originating from citizens (the Falciani List). Official leaks are carried out by elites and respond to private/partisan interests. Citizens’ leaks come from anonymous individuals who deliver huge databases to the media for journalistic treatment. Our objective is to analyse the coverage received by both types of leaks in the Spanish press. The results show the use of official leaks as a political weapon in Polarized Pluralism media systems. Scandals based on citizens’ leaks, which refer to transnational problems with greater ramifications, receive less attention. We discuss the extent to which the polarization of conventional political communication has increased and the future of new formats of information based on citizens’ digital participation in an emerging Networked Fourth Estate.
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Olkun, Hatice Kübra, Ali Borzabadi-Farahani, and Sina Uçkan. "Orthognathic Surgery Treatment Need in a Turkish Adult Population: A Retrospective Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 11 (May 28, 2019): 1881. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16111881.
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Objectives: Limited information exists on orthognathic procedures and respective dentofacial deformities in Turkey. This retrospective study assessed the orthognathic surgery procedures in two universities, using the Index of Orthognathic Functional Treatment Need (IOFTN), and compared the IOFTN grades according to gender as well as sagittal and vertical skeletal relationships. Material and Methods: Records of 200 consecutive patients (120 females, 80 males, mean age = 23.4 (SD: 5.4) years) who received orthognathic treatment (2014–2018) were analyzed. Sagittal (ANB angle) and vertical skeletal type (GoGnSN angle), osteotomies, and IOFTN scores were recorded. Results: Class III, II, and I malocclusions formed 69%, 17.5%, and 13.5% of the samples, respectively. Class III skeletal relationships (69%) and high-angle cases (64%) were the most prevalent (p < 0.05). IOFTN scores were unevenly distributed among genders (p < 0.05) and the prevalent scores were 5.3 (40.5%), 4.3 (15.5%), 5.4 (13%), and 5.2 (7.5%), with 94% scoring 4 or 5 (great and very great functional need). Bimaxillary osteotomies were the most prevalent (55%), followed by LeFort I (32%), and 26% had genioplasty. Conclusion: IOFTN is a reliable tool to identify patients in need of orthognathic surgery. Class III malocclusions and Class III sagittal skeletal relationships were more common in this sample. Comparatively, a higher number of patients had genioplasty as a part of their treatment.
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Jarusombuti, Songklod, Nadir Ayrilmis, Piyawade Bauchongkol, and Vallayuth Fueangvivat. "Surface characteristics and overlaying properties of MDF panels made from thermally treated rubberwood fibers." BioResources 5, no. 2 (April 2, 2010): 968–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.5.2.968-978.
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The objectives of this research were to investigate surface characteristics and overlaying properties of medium density fiberboard (MDF) panels, as affected by thermal treatment of the fibers. MDF panels were manufactured from untreated rubberwood fibers and fibers treated at three different temperatures (120, 150, or 180°C) for 15 or 30 min. Contact angle measurements were obtained by using a goniometer connected with a digital camera and computer system. Roughness measurements, average roughness (Ra), mean peak-to-valley height (Rz), and maximum roughness (Ry), were taken from the sanded samples along and across the sandmarks using a fine stylus tracing technique. With the increasing thermal treatment temperature and time of the fibers, surface roughness of the panels decreased, while their wettability and adhesive bonding strength decreased. Statistical analyses showed significant differences in the surface roughness, contact angle, and adhesive bonding strength of the panels following thermal treatment. Based on the findings obtained from this study, the contact angle and surface roughness parameters of the MDF panels made from thermally treated rubberwood fibers can provide a good information on their ability to bond.
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Chen, Ningfeng, Kai Fang, Nianwu Liu, and Yanru Wang. "Bayesian-Based Standard Values of Effective Friction Angle for Clayey Strata." Symmetry 17, no. 2 (January 24, 2025): 176. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym17020176.
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In this study, a methodology using probabilistic distribution techniques to determine the parameters of the soil’s effective internal friction angle (φ’) was proposed. The method was grounded in quantitative survey information extracted from geotechnical reports. Extensive equivalent samples were estimated using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulations and probability density functions (PDFs). The effective internal friction angle (φ’) of silty clay layers was probabilistically characterized using the plasticity index (PI), in situ static cone penetration test (qc), and standard penetration test (NSPT). A systematic quantitative analysis integrated prior information from different sources was systematically integrated with sampling data. By establishing a Bayesian framework that incorporated the regression relationship and uncertainties associated with the effective internal friction angle (φ’), the model ensured balance and symmetry in the treatment of prior information and observed data. The model was then transformed into equivalent sample values based on three models, reflecting the symmetrical consideration of different data sources. Further considerations involved correcting the three different analysis methods. A comparison of equivalent sample values with the mean values of the sampling data, along with the parameter optimization updates, was performed by combining the three models. Using three sets of sampling data, a linear relationship model for the new soil parameters was derived. The analysis results demonstrated that the proposed method could obtain equivalent samples for the effective internal friction angle.
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Wong, Lester P. K., Prudence W. H. Cheung, and Jason P. Y. Cheung. "Curve type, flexibility, correction, and rotation are predictors of curve progression in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis undergoing conservative treatment." Bone & Joint Journal 104-B, no. 4 (April 1, 2022): 424–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/0301-620x.104b4.bjj-2021-1677.r1.
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Aims The aim of this study was to review the current evidence surrounding curve type and morphology on curve progression risk in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). Methods A comprehensive search was conducted by two independent reviewers on PubMed, Embase, Medline, and Web of Science to obtain all published information on morphological predictors of AIS progression. Search items included ‘adolescent idiopathic scoliosis’, ‘progression’, and ‘imaging’. The inclusion and exclusion criteria were carefully defined. Risk of bias of studies was assessed with the Quality in Prognostic Studies tool, and level of evidence for each predictor was rated with the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) approach. In all, 6,286 publications were identified with 3,598 being subjected to secondary scrutiny. Ultimately, 26 publications (25 datasets) were included in this review. Results For unbraced patients, high and moderate evidence was found for Cobb angle and curve type as predictors, respectively. Initial Cobb angle > 25° and thoracic curves were predictive of curve progression. For braced patients, flexibility < 28% and limited in-brace correction were factors predictive of progression with high and moderate evidence, respectively. Thoracic curves, high apical vertebral rotation, large rib vertebra angle difference, small rib vertebra angle on the convex side, and low pelvic tilt had weak evidence as predictors of curve progression. Conclusion For curve progression, strong and consistent evidence is found for Cobb angle, curve type, flexibility, and correction rate. Cobb angle > 25° and flexibility < 28% are found to be important thresholds to guide clinical prognostication. Despite the low evidence, apical vertebral rotation, rib morphology, and pelvic tilt may be promising factors. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2022;104-B(4):424–432.
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Yusef, Yu N., and E. E. Kazaryan. "Optical Coherence Tomography in the Diagnosis of Open-angle Glaucoma." Ophthalmology in Russia 21, no. 4 (December 22, 2024): 650–57. https://doi.org/10.18008/1816-5095-2024-4-650-657.
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This literature review provides information on the capabilities and role of OCT-A in the diagnosis of open-angle glaucoma. The need for non-invasive methods of assessing the ocular vasculature has led to the development of OCT-angiography (OCT-A), which provides information on the state of both the retinal structure and its vascular bed through blood flow analysis, further increasing the value of this imaging method compared to conventional OCT. Blood flow assessment with OCT-A can be used to detect many retinal vascular abnormalities, such as the definition of areas of non-perfusion, non-functioning vessels, the appearance of new vessels in areas that are avascular, increased vascularity, the presence of micro- and macroaneurysms, capillary remodeling, macular telangiectasia, and venous malformations. OCT-A is a non-invasive imaging tool for the retinal and choroidal vasculature, providing a unique view of the vascular system that can be combined with information from other imaging modalities to complement and eventually provide unique information to assist the eye care practitioner in diagnosing or evaluating the effectiveness of interventions. OCT-A parameters are measured in the peripapillary region, and monitoring peripapillary and macular vessel density can provide important information to assess glaucoma progression and predict the rate of disease worsening. Studies show a strong correlation between OCT parameters, OCT parameters, and visual function as measured by visual field analysis in glaucomatous eyes. Future prospects for OCT-A in glaucoma diagnostics using artificial intelligence to predict structural and functional features based on early vascular changes will provide opportunities for early identification of patients at high risk for developing and rapidly progressing glaucoma. OCT-A has the potential to become part of glaucoma diagnostics and treatment.
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Nobre, Ricardina, Saúl Matos De Castro, Maria João Ponces, Jorge Dias Lopes, and Afonso Pinhão Ferreira. "The relation between mandibular symphysis and the Angle class in orthodontic treatment." Medicine and Pharmacy Reports 95, no. 4 (October 28, 2022): 446–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.15386/mpr-2416.
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Objectives. Facial perception depends on the different components of the face. The chin is a striking anatomical structure in the individual’s identity and mandibular symphysis (MS) shape influences the adjacent soft tissue, determining facial harmony. In lateral cephalometry, the MS corresponds to the image of the mandibular body in its anterior curvature. It shape, inclination and thickness provide valuable information for orthodontic diagnosis and prognosis. Since facial features are associated with malocclusions, the present investigation aims to relate the height, thickness and inclination of the MS using Angle’s Class.
Methods. 495 lateral incidence cephalograms of an orthodontic population were analyzed using a previously developed and tested software. The sample was randomly selected and the height, thickness and inclination of the MS were measured. The values were statistically analyzed (p ≤ 0.05).
Results. The distribution according to Angle’s Class was 48.9% for Class I, 34.7% for Class II Division 1, 7.4% for Class II Division 2 and 8.9% for Class III. The MS height did not´t show significant differences between the three dental classes. The MS thickness was significantly increased in Class II Division 2 and Class I subjects (p = 0,037). The MS inclination was significantly less in Class III subjects when compared to Class I and Class II Division 1 (p ≤ 0.001).
Conclusions. The MS presented variations, which may be associated with a natural compensation against malocclusion, influencing the position of the teeth and their relationship with the other dento-craniofacial structures and with consequences on the facial harmony.
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Anastasia N., Grishanina, and Angel’cheva Valeria V. "Psychological Information in the Content of a Modern Journal." Humanitarian Vector 16, no. 1 (February 2021): 167–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.21209/1996-7853-2021-16-1-167-176.
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The article is the result of a study of the significance of expert psychological information, as well as information of a socio-psychological plan for journalistic materials; the work was carried out by the editorial office of Gatchinskaya Pravda newspaper (Leningrad Oblast). Psychological information in the media as an object of linguistic research has not been studied previously, the novelty of the work lies in the psycho-linguistic approach to the study of the question and to attempt correlation comparative studies of the authors with the study of peculiarities of perception of media texts of the contemporary audience. The article deals with verbal forms of social and psychological information presentation in the media, mainly in journal publications as a form of dialogue or monologue with the reader on a certain topic; the reasons for the audience’s access to psychological information in a modern magazine and the intent of the demand for texts containing such information are studied. To do this, we first studied the level of readers’ awareness of the types and forms of media information, as well as the degree of demand for knowledge of a socio-psychological orientation. The main object of research is language markers of psychological information. The relevance of the topic is explained by the great interest of magazine readers, as shown by media ratings, to psychological information. As part of the study of modern psychological techniques of media influence, the authors analyzed the results of research by psychologists and psychiatrists, who state an increase in the level of anxiety in the current psychological and emotional state of people. Doctors associate the causes of some anxiety disorders with the consumption of media information, the imposition of advice, recommendations, and lifestyle at the angle of presentation as psychological information. The article describes the results of media research; it is noted that information of a socio-psychological plan plays an important role in shaping the audience’s worldview and has a socio-psychological impact on it. The features and types of this influence are considered; the results of surveys of magazine readers are given, since the magazine is one of the mass media that publishes analytical and informative materials. The authors make an attempt to explain a certain degree of obsession with psychological information to the reader in the media; they indicate the reasons identified in the course of research for this communicative psychological strategy, bordering on and sometimes directly related to the manipulative actions of the author or publisher. Keywords: media text, mass communication media, personality, language tools, psycholinguistics, information, psychological information
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González-García, María, Begoña Cantabrana, and Agustín Hidalgo. "Textos sobre medicina y salud en la prensa diaria. Su potencial utilidad para la adquisición de competencias de grado en medicina y ciencias de la salud." Revista Española de Educación Médica 1, no. 2 (July 7, 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/edumed.432661.
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Los estudios sobre textos periodísticos relacionados con la salud han adquirido una importancia creciente por lo que hemos estudiado la distribución temática de noticias de prensa sobre medicina y salud publicadas en el periodo 2001-2016, y explorado su utilidad formativa potencial. Se realizó un estudio descriptico de un conjunto de noticias de prensa sobre medicina y salud publicadas en el diario El País a lo largo de 16 años que están recogidos en la colección CONPRE-Oviedo. La distribución de las noticias se realizó de acuerdo a la Clasificación Internacional de Enfermedades (CIE-10) o por su contenido temático cuando no se ajustaba a CIE-10. También se identificaron una serie de competencias generales de la Orden ECI 332/2008 que pueden ser iniciadas mediante utilización docente de textos periodísticos.Se seleccionaron 1828 noticias (media: 114,3/año). El 63% pueden clasificarse mediante CIE-10, siendo las más frecuentes las categorías 1: Ciertas enfermedades infecciosas y parasitarias; 15: Embarazo, parto y puerperio; 10: Enfermedades del aparato respiratorio y 2: Neoplasias. De las no clasificadas según CIE-10, las más frecuentes se relacionaron con gestión sanitaria y salud pública. Se detectaron dos patrones de aparición de noticias: uno continuo, a lo largo de los 16 años, y otro incidental. Se han identificado 35 competencias a cuya adquisición pueden contribuir los textos periodísticos y se aportan algunos ejemplos. En conclusión: a) en la prensa escrita se encuentran textos referidos a la mayor parte de las enfermedades recogidas en la CIE-10, lo que puede contribuir a la educación para la salud. El tratamiento periodístico de esta información puede ser incidental o mantenido en el tiempo según la naturaleza de las enfermedades; b) la utilización docente de textos periodísticos puede contribuir a la adquisición de competencias Studies on journalistic texts related to health have become increasingly important, so we have studied the thematic distribution of press news on medicine and health published in the period 2001-2016, and explored its potential formative usefulness. A descriptive study was carried out of a set of news reports on medicine and health published in the newspaper El País over the course of 16 years that are included in the CONPRE-Oviedo collection. The news was distributed according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) or for its thematic content when it did not comply with ICD-10. A series of general competences of Order ECI 332/2008 were also identified that can be initiated through the educational use of journalistic texts.1828 news items were selected (mean: 114.3 / year). 63% can be classified by ICD-10, the most frequent being categories 1: Certain infectious and parasitic diseases; 15: Pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium; 10: Diseases of the respiratory system and 2: Neoplasms. Of those not classified according to ICD-10, the most frequent were related to health management and public health. Two patterns of news appearance were detected: a continuous one, throughout the 16 years, and an incidental one. 35 competences to which journalistic texts can contribute have been identified and some examples are provided. In conclusion: a) in the written press there are texts referring to most of the diseases included in the ICD-10, which can contribute to health education. The journalistic treatment of this information may be incidental or maintained over time depending on the nature of the diseases; b) The teaching use of journalistic texts can contribute to the acquisition of transversal competences in undergraduate training in medicine and other health sciences.
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Sakaguchi-Kuma, Tomomi, Yuji Ishida, Shuji Oishi, Tohru Kurabayashi, and Takashi Ono. "Cone-beam computed tomography-based quantitative analysis of the thickness of mandibular alveolar bone in adult females with different vertical facial patterns." APOS Trends in Orthodontics 10 (March 30, 2020): 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/apos_11_2020.
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Objectives: The objectives of the study were to investigate the relationship between the thicknesses of the mandibular alveolar bone in the incisor, canine, premolar, and molar areas in adult female patients with different vertical skeletal patterns using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: CBCT images of 50 adult female patients before orthodontic treatment were analyzed. Based on the mandibular plane angle, they were divided into three groups: Low, average, and high-angle. The thicknesses of the alveolar and cancellous bones of the mandible were measured at the apices of the incisor, canine, first premolar, and first molar on both sides. Results: The thicknesses of the alveolar and cancellous bones were significantly larger in the low-angle group than in the high-angle group in all areas. At the incisal and canine areas, the thicknesses of the alveolar and cancellous bones were significantly larger in the average angle group than in the high-angle group. In the canine and first premolar areas, the thickness of the alveolar bone was larger in the low-angle group than in the average angle group. Conclusions: Vertical facial pattern is a significant factor in the width of the mandibular alveolar bone, especially in the incisor and canine areas. For planning labiobuccal movement in mandibular canines and incisors, information about the mandibular morphology is thought to be important, particularly in high-angle cases.
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Cuello Gijón, Agustín. "Las inundaciones del invierno 2009-2010 en la prensa, un recurso educativo para las ciencias sociales." REIDICS. Revista de Investigación en Didáctica de las Ciencias Sociales, no. 2 (March 13, 2018): 70–87. https://doi.org/10.17398/2531-0968.02.70.
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In the winter of 2009 to 2010 took place in Andalusia (Spain) an important episode of floods that occupied a prominent place in the media for more than three months. The article presents a study that analyzes and evaluates the educational potential of the journalistic treatment of this event, in order to offer new resources and educational options for classroom work, surpassing the simplifying models that are proposed from textbooks in education high school. Based on a review of nearly four hundred news items, information units are identified and organized, structured into categories with desirable school content, offering a complex and multifocal view of the phenomenon of floods and their relationship with the urban system. The media with the highest circulation in the area generated a great deal of information, especially in reference to the Guadalquivir and Guadalete rivers, the most affected, with numerous data on the territorial and social characteristics of flooded areas, river dynamics and models ideological and scientific that use different social agents to interpret these phenomena. The enormous amount and diversity of information collected, with its filters, biases and conflicts of interests, offers educational opportunities of enormous interest to bring students to a more complex, integrated and sustainable conception of rivers, their relations with the city and the flood episodes. Keywords Floods; social science education; press ethics; environmental education; social perception of the flood
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Kaiser, Philip, Kristin Livingston, Patricia E. Miller, Collin May, and Susan Mahan. "Radiographic Evaluation of First Metatarsal and Medial Cuneiform Morphology in Juvenile Hallux Valgus." Foot & Ankle International 39, no. 10 (August 2, 2018): 1223–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071100718789696.
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Background: Operative treatment of juvenile hallux valgus (JHV) has a high recurrence rate. The aim of this study was to better understand the pattern of radiographic deformity. Methods: Standing radiographs of 93 feet in 57 patients with JHV, and 50 feet in 36 normal patients were measured. Measurements included: hallux valgus angle (HVA), first metatarsal physis status (open or closed), intermetatarsal angle (IMA), distal metatarsal articular angle (DMAA), Meary’s angle, medial cuneiform angle (MCA), relative first to second metatarsal length ratio (1:2 MT ratio), cuneiform obliquity (CO), and congruency of the metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ). JHV groups were defined as normal (HVA 0-15 degrees), mild-moderate (HVA 15-35), or severe (HVA > 35) and were analyzed. Results: Seventy of 93 feet (75%) with JHV presented with mild-moderate JHV (average HVA of 26.2 ± 5.6 degrees), and 23 feet (25%, 23/93) presented with severe JHV (average HVA of 41.9 ± 5.3 degrees). Multivariable analysis determined that DMAA ( P < .001), MCA ( P = .04), and congruency ( P < .001) were independently associated with JHV and its severity (normal vs mild-moderate vs severe). Severe JHV cases had larger DMAA ( P = .01), larger IMA ( P = .01), larger 1:2 MT ratio ( P = .02), and were less frequently congruent ( P = .03) compared with mild-moderate JHV cases. Conclusion: Deformity in JHV was highly correlated with both the proximal and distal morphology of the first metatarsal and medial cuneiform. Severe JHV was associated with increased bony deformity and increased incongruity of the MTPJ. Treatment should be individualized, but JHV treatment algorithms can take this information into account. Level of Evidence: Level III, comparative study.
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Zakariaiy, Amir, Seyed Jalil, and Mohammad Reza. "Results of fixation in the treatment of calcaneus fracture: a cross-sectional study." Acta Bioclínica 14, no. 27 (2024): 113–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.53766/acbio/2024.14.27.12.
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The calcaneus bone is the largest ankle bone and calcaneal fractures are the most common fracture of the tarsal bones and represent 1% to 2% of all fractures. Roughly 75% of these fractures are intra-articular, which despite the therapeutic interventions is still known as a fracture with poor therapeutic outcomes. This study investigated the results of fixation in the treatment of calcaneus fracture among patients referred to Shahid Sadoughi and Shahid Rahmonun hospitals in Yazd during 2017-2018. This is a cross-sectional study and the data obtained from the patients with intra-articular calcaneus fracture -diagnosed by simple x-ray and CT scan- was analyzed using SPSS and statistical tests. The fractures involving the subtalar joint were included in the study. Demographic information, postoperative complications, infection, and duration of treatment and recovery were also investigated. Thirty two patients were included in the study; 28 of them (87.5%) were males and 4 patients (12.5%) were females. 93.8% of the participants suffered from postoperative chronic pain, which was the most common complication in this study. 7 patients (21.9%) had an infection, 2 of them (6.3%) had sudeck’s atrophy, 2 patients (6.3%) had peroneal tendon pain, and one of them (3.1%) had calcaneocuboid. For 19 patients, the average pre and postoperative Bahler angle was 28.96±9.60 and 20.84±11.22, respectively (p-value=0.016, r=0.544), the average pre and postoperative Gissane was 136.15±10.54 and 142.93±16.60, respectively (p-value<0.001), the average pre and postoperative calcaneal pitch angle was 24.44±6.02 and 23.36±5.11, respectively (p-value=0.023), the average pre and postoperative talocalcaneal angle was 43.20 ± 6.80 and 42.25 ± 6.19, respectively (p-value < 0.001), the average pre and postoperative tibiotalar angle was 26.30±4.56 and 24.87±5.35, respectively (p-value=0.69), and the average pre and postoperative posterior surface slope was 28.96±9.60 and 20.84±11.22, respectively (p-value=0.016). The results showed that chronic pain is the most important postoperative complication in patients with calcaneus fractures, and surgery is somewhat effective in patients with calcaneus fractures.
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Bondemark, L., Anna-Karin Holm, Ken Hansen, Susanna Axelsson, Bengt Mohlin, Viveka Brattstrom, Gunnar Paulin, and Terttu Pietila. "Long-term Stability of Orthodontic Treatment and Patient Satisfaction." Angle Orthodontist 77, no. 1 (January 1, 2007): 181–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/011006-16r.1.
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Abstract Objective: To evaluate morphologic stability and patient satisfaction at least 5 years after orthodontic treatment. Materials and Methods: Published literature was searched through the PubMed and Cochrane Library electronic databases from 1966 to January 2005. The search was performed by an information specialist at the Swedish Council on Technology Assessment in Health Care. The inclusion criteria consisted of a follow-up period of at least 5 years postretention; randomized clinical trials, prospective or retrospective clinical controlled studies, and cohort studies; and orthodontic treatment including fixed or removable appliances, selective grinding, or extractions. Two reviewers extracted the data independently and also assessed the quality of the studies. Results: The search strategy resulted in 1004 abstracts or full-text articles, of which 38 met the inclusion criteria. Treatment of crowding resulted in successful dental alignment. However, the mandibular arch length and width gradually decreased, and crowding of the lower anterior teeth reoccurred postretention. This condition was unpredictable at the individual level (limited evidence). Treatment of Angle Class II division 1 malocclusion with Herbst appliance normalized the occlusion. Relapse occurred but could not be predicted at the individual level (limited evidence). The scientific evidence was insufficient for conclusions on treatment of cross-bite, Angle Class III, open bite, and various other malocclusions as well as on patient satisfaction in a long-term perspective. Conclusions: This review has exposed the difficulties in drawing meaningful evidence-based conclusions often because of the inherent problems of retrospective and uncontrolled study design.
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Gao, Li, and Xiaodong Tang. "The Application Value of Optical Coherence Tomography in Primary Acute Angle Closure." Advanced Emergency Medicine 4, no. 4 (December 30, 2015): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.18686/aem.v4i4.14.
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<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the diagnostic value of optical coherence tomography (OCT) in the diagnosis of acute primary angle-closure glaucoma (APACG). <strong>Method: </strong>52 eyes were chosen for OCT applications at different stages of APACG and compared with the normal control group. The peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) between the two groups was compared. <strong>Results: </strong>The average thickness of RNFL APACG was significantly thicker during the earlier phase of treatment and thinner after 6 months of treatment as compared to the normal control group. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>OCT can reflect the change in the thickness of glaucoma RNFL, and can provide more information for clinical early diagnosis of glaucoma and is a worthy application of the inspection method.</p>
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Guan, J., T. D. Waite, R. Amal, H. Bustamante, and R. Wukasch. "Rapid determination of fractal structure of bacterial assemblages in wastewater treatment: implications to process optimisation." Water Science and Technology 38, no. 2 (July 1, 1998): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1998.0092.
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A rapid method of determining the structure of aggregated particles using small angle laser light scattering is applied here to assemblages of bacteria from wastewater treatment systems. The structure information so obtained is suggestive of fractal behaviour as found by other methods. Strong dependencies are shown to exist between the fractal structure of the bacterial aggregates and the behaviour of the biosolids in zone settling and dewatering by both pressure filtration and centrifugation methods. More rapid settling and significantly higher solids contents are achievable for “looser” flocs characterised by lower fractal dimensions. The rapidity of determination of structural information and the strong dependencies of the effectiveness of a number of wastewater treatment processes on aggregate structure suggests that this method may be particularly useful as an on-line control tool.
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Krycka, Kathryn, Julie Borchers, Yumi Ijiri, Ryan Booth, and Sara Majetich. "Polarization-analyzed small-angle neutron scattering. II. Mathematical angular analysis." Journal of Applied Crystallography 45, no. 3 (May 16, 2012): 554–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889812010114.
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Polarization-analyzed small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) is a powerful tool for the study of magnetic morphology with directional sensitivity. Building upon polarized scattering theory, this article presents simplified procedures for the reduction of longitudinally polarized SANS into terms of the three mutually orthogonal magnetic scattering contributions plus a structural contribution. Special emphasis is given to the treatment of anisotropic systems. The meaning and significance of scattering interferences between nuclear and magnetic scattering and between the scattering from magnetic moments projected onto distinct orthogonal axes are discussed in detail. Concise tables summarize the algorithms derived for the most commonly encountered conditions. These tables are designed to be used as a reference in the challenging task of extracting the full wealth of information available from polarization-analyzed SANS.
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Muyor Rodríguez, Jesús. "Media framing of the impact of COVID-19 in nursing homes. A content analysis of the identification and management of the problem." Ehquidad Revista Internacional de Políticas de Bienestar y Trabajo Social, no. 15 (January 10, 2021): 47–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.15257/ehquidad.2021.0003.
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The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on older people is being especially significant. The nursing homes, in particular, have become a set of enormous relevance. In this context, the media have increased their expansion, being crucial as channels of information. This article analyzes the Spanish press's media treatment on the news that links COVID-19 with residences for the elderly. We are interested in exploring how to perceive and define the COVID-19 pandemic as a social problem in the context of nursing homes. We perform a content analysis, with a qualitative approach, using the NVivo software. A total of 339 news items from the four primary generalist media were analyzed. On the one hand, the main results indicate the predominance of journalistic content that alludes to the failure of residential care as a model of care and protection for the elderly. On the other hand, responsibility for reversing the situation is attributed to the political and institutional sphere, minimizing the centers themselves' decision-making capacity and autonomy.
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Cooke Bailey, Jessica N., Kaitlyn L. Funk, Lauren A. Cruz, Andrea R. Waksmunski, Tyler G. Kinzy, Janey L. Wiggs, and Michael A. Hauser. "Diversity in Polygenic Risk of Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma." Genes 14, no. 1 (December 30, 2022): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes14010111.
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Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), the most common glaucoma subtype, is more prevalent and severe in individuals of African ancestry. Unfortunately, this ancestral group has been historically under-represented among genetic studies of POAG. Moreover, both genetic and polygenic risk scores (GRS, PRS) that are typically based on genetic data from European-descent populations are not transferable to individuals without a majority of European ancestry. Given the aspirations of leveraging genetic information for precision medicine, GRS and PRS demonstrate clinical potential but fall short, in part due to the lack of diversity in these studies. Prioritizing diversity in the discovery of risk variants will improve the performance and utility of GRS and PRS-derived risk estimation for disease stratification, which could bring about earlier POAG intervention and treatment for a disease that often goes undetected until significant damage has occurred.
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Day, Jonathan, Matthew S. Conti, Nicholas Williams, Scott J. Ellis, Jonathan T. Deland, and Elizabeth Cody. "Contribution of First Tarsometatarsal Joint Fusion to Deformity Correction in the Treatment of Adult Acquired Flatfoot Deformity." Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 5, no. 4 (October 1, 2020): 2473011420S0018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011420s00184.
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Category: Midfoot/Forefoot; Other Introduction/Purpose: Severe adult-acquired flatfoot deformity (AAFD) is often associated with painful medial column collapse at the naviculocuneiform (NC) joint. The purpose of this study was to examine the role of first tarsometatarsal (1st TMT) fusion combined with subtalar fusion in correcting deformity at this joint. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 40 patients (41 feet) who underwent 1st TMT and subtalar (ST) fusion as part of a flatfoot reconstructive procedure. We assessed six radiographic parameters both preoperatively and at a minimum of 6 months postoperatively, including talonavicular (TN) coverage angle, lateral talo-first metatarsal angle, lateral talocalcaneal angle, calcaneal pitch, hindfoot moment arm, and a newly defined navicular-cuneiform incongruency angle (NCIA). Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) clinical outcomes were assessed preoperatively and at a minimum 1 year follow-up. Results: The NCIA demonstrated excellent interobserver reliability, with no significant change between pre- and postoperative measurements. All other radiographic parameters, except calcaneal pitch, demonstrated statistically significant improvement postoperatively (p <0.01). Overall, patients had statistically significant improvement in all PROMIS domains (p <0.01), except for depression. Worsening NC deformity was not associated with worse patient-reported outcomes. Conclusion: Our data suggests that when addressing collapse of the medial arch in patients with AAFD, fusion of the 1st TMT joint in combination with other procedures leads to acceptable radiographic and clinical outcomes. There was no change in deformity at the NC joint at short-term follow-up, and patients achieved significant improvement in multiple PROMIS domains. Based on our findings, deformity through the NC joint does not significantly impact clinical outcomes. In addition, the NCIA was established as a reliable radiographic parameter that can be used to assess NC deformity in the presence of talonavicular and/or 1st TMT fusion. [Table: see text]
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LI, Yong-sheng, Kai HOU, Xin XU, Jue YANG, Ting ZHU, Zhi-hui DONG, Jia-ning YUE, Yu-qi WANG, and Wei-guo FU. "Application of the multi-planar reconstruction in endovascular treatment of type B aortic dissection." Chinese Medical Journal 126, no. 23 (December 5, 2013): 4499–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.issn.0366-6999.20131955.
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Background Although Multi-planar reconstruction (MPR) has been considered a diagnostic imaging technique that observes more perspectives for diseases, few people have applied it surgically. In fact, MPR is also very useful to clinical operation, especially for patients with type B aortic dissection. It helps the surgeon to locate accurately with more information about aortic dissection, so that the safety and effectiveness of operation can be improved. This study examined the application of the MPR in intraoperative DSA imaging for precise positioning by accurately obtaining a crosssection, a spin angle of the coronal plane, and a tilt angle of the sagittal plane in treatment of type B aortic dissection. Methods The conventional and the MPR approaches were compared on positioning the aortic arch for surgery. A group of 40 patients (group A) and another group of 42 patients (group B) was sampled. About the comparison of baseline characteristics, a fourfold table χ2 test was conducted on gender, and two independent samples t-test was applied to age between group A and group B. Spin as well as tilt angles for group A were obtained from the patients using both approaches, and their effectiveness was compared with pair t-tests; The MPR data guided stent-grafting in this group. Stent graft placement of group B was based on the conventional approach. Percentages of proximal distributed markers as well as incidences of complications were collected from both groups after stent graft placement. They were also compared with a fourfold table χ2 test. Results Gender difference was not found between group A and group B (χ2=0.80, P >0.05), and age difference was not statistically significant (F=2.55, homogeneity of variance, t=−1.46, P >0.05). A significant difference was found between the conventional and the MPR approaches for spin angle (t=9.17) as well as tilt angle (t=2.07), P <0.05. Percentage of proximal distributed markers (5.0%) of group A was significantly lower than that of group B (42.9%), χ2=15.92, P <0.05; and incidence of complications (5.0%) of group A was also significant lower than that of group B (21.4%), χ2=4.76, P <0.05. Conclusions Application of the MPR facilitated intraoperative angle adaption and led to satisfactory DSA. It is feasible in endovascular treatment of type B aortic dissection, and can effectively and safely guide surgical operations.
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Kalavagunta, Sudhakiran, Apostolos Karkanevatos, and Andrew C. Swift. "Giant vertebro-basilar aneurysm: an unusual cerebello-pontine angle lesion." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 120, no. 2 (February 2006): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215105006237.
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Acoustic neuromas (vestibular schwannomas) comprise more than 90 per cent of all cerebello-pontine angle (CPA) lesions. We present a rare case of a giant vertebro-basilar aneurysm presenting as a CPA lesion. The general condition of the patient precluded the completion of the magnetic resonance (MR) sequences. The clinical and limited radiological results (T2 images alone, the features of which were not specific) initially did not lead to a specific diagnosis. To obtain further radiological information a computed tomography (CT) scan with contrast was performed and this revealed the lesion to be an aneurysm. The diagnostic difficulties and the treatment dilemmas of such a lesion are discussed. The importance of fine, axial, post-contrast CT arteriography with three-dimensional reconstruction, MR angiography and digital subtraction angiography are highlighted. The limitations of MR imaging in patients with CPA lesions are discussed.
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Rughwani, Vini, Sachin Durkar, Sonali Deshmukh, Sandeep Jethe, Jayesh Rahalkar, and Asmita Kharche. "Cervicomental angle changes observed after mandibular advancement surgery – A systematic review." APOS Trends in Orthodontics 11 (July 9, 2021): 156–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/apos_161_2020.
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Purpose: In adults, correction of such a jaw base relation is done by bilateral sagittal split osteotomy and mandibular advancement which often causes change in the cervicomental angle that might not be within the acceptable and aesthetic range. The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the changes observed in cervicomental angle after mandibular advancement surgery. Data Sources: Based on the available data, we conducted an electronic database PubMed search, based on the search of published data from 1994 to 2017, six strategies were designed using two keywords, and four articles were shortlisted for systematic review. Study Eligibility Criteria: Studies that provide information on cervicomental angle changes after mandibular advancement surgery, published from 1994 to 2017. Results: The search yielded 168 articles, of which four were included based on the selection criteria. These articles described that the cervicomental angle observed after mandibular advancement surgery falls between 95° and 125°. Conclusion: Cervicomental angle decreases as the mandible is advanced to correct the jaw base Class II relation to Class I. Acceptable range is found to be between 95° and 125°. Implications: An esthetic look is the desire of every patient that reports to the clinics for an orthodontic correction. Surgical correction is an integral part of the treatment. While advancing the mandible, change is observed in the cervicomental angle. Knowing the acceptable range of this angle will help the orthodontist and the oral surgeon to plan the advancement accordingly.
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Guo, Xiaoguang, Min Ou, Gang Yi, Bo Qin, Guoyou Wang, Shijie Fu, and Lei Zhang. "Correction between the Morphology of Acromion and Acromial Angle in Chinese Population: A Study on 292 Scapulas." BioMed Research International 2018 (November 11, 2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/3125715.
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Introduction. The acromion is a small section of the scapula which extends anteriorly from the spine of the scapula and the acromial angle (AA) is a prominent bony point at the junction of the lateral border of the acromion and the spine of the shoulder blade. As is well known, the morphology of the acromion and the acromial angle are important as their anatomical variation may contribute to shoulder pathologies. However, few people have studied the morphology and the association between the acromion and the acromial angle. The study explores the acromion and the acromial angle in the anatomical morphology and the association, providing an anatomical basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Material and Methods. A total of 292 dry, intact scapulae (152 right, 140 left) were used in the study. Three types of the acromion were already measured, type I(flat shape), type II (curved shape), and type III (hooked shape), respectively. Three types of the acromial angles were also measured in this study, C shape, L shape, and Double Angle shape. Results. The research result shows that C shape and L shape were the most common, while Double Angle shape was the least common. C shape was often related to type I (flat shape) and L shape was often related to type II (curved shape). Conclusions. The presented data provides precise and well-sorted information about the acromion and the acromial angle variation in Chinese population, contributing to diagnosis and treating in shoulder pathology.
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Kizor-Akaraiwe, Nkiru N., Ifeoma N. Asimadu, Nkechi J. Uche, Suhanyah Okeke, and Obinna Shiweobi. "Cross-sectional Survey to Determine the Awareness and Uptake of Glaucoma Surgery." US Ophthalmic Review 16, no. 2 (2022): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.17925/usor.2022.16.2.100.
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Introduction: This study aimed to determine the awareness and uptake of surgery as a treatment option in patients with glaucoma on medical treatment. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among consenting patients with primary glaucoma who were on medical treatment. The survey was conducted in two eye care facilities (government-owned and private). After responding to a questionnaire, patients had ocular examinations, including visual acuity, anterior/posterior segment examinations, gonioscopy and central visual field testing. Information was obtained on the patients’ awareness of a surgical option, and reasons for non-uptake among those offered surgery were recorded. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify possible predictors of awareness of glaucoma. Results: Across both facilities, 299 patients with glaucoma with a mean age of 63.9 years participated in this study. There were 167 (55.9%) male and 132 (44.1%) female participants. Two hundred and sixty-seven (89.3%) had a formal education, and of the 169 evaluated for visual fields in the worse eye, 129 (76.3%) had severe (advanced) glaucoma. Only 79 (26.4%) of the participants were aware of surgery as a treatment option for glaucoma. The multivariate analysis found that female patients, patients from the private eye care facility and patients with primary angle closure glaucoma patients were more likely to be aware of glaucoma surgery than male patients, patients from the government-owned eye care facility and patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. Patients with primary angle closure glaucoma were more likely to be aware of glaucoma surgery than those with primary open-angle glaucoma. Cost was identified as the major barrier to the uptake of glaucoma surgery when it was recommended, followed by fear of blindness. Age, level of education and severity of disease had no statistical relationship to awareness of glaucoma surgery. Conclusion: Incorporating routine glaucoma education and counselling into glaucoma care protocols will likely improve awareness of glaucoma surgery as a treatment option.
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Dicaire, Nuiok M., Frédéric A. Perras, and David L. Bryce. "23Na magic-angle spinning and double-rotation NMR study of solid forms of sodium valproate." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 92, no. 1 (January 2014): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjc-2013-0442.
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Sodium valproate is a pharmaceutical with applications in the treatment of epilepsy, bipolar disorder, and other ailments. Sodium valproate can exist in many hydrated and acid-stabilized forms in the solid state, and it can be difficult to obtain precise structural information about many of these. Here, we present a 13C and 23Na solid-state NMR study of several forms of sodium valproate, only one of which has been previously structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. 23Na magic-angle spinning (MAS), double-rotation (DOR), and multiple-quantum magic-angle spinning (MQMAS) NMR spectra are shown to provide useful information on the number of molecules in the asymmetric unit, the local coordination geometry of the sodium cations, and the presence of amorphous phases. Two previously identified forms are shown to be highly similar, or identical, according to the 23Na NMR data. The utility of carrying out both DOR and MQMAS NMR experiments to identify all crystallographically unique sites is demonstrated. 13C cross-polarization MAS NMR spectra also provide complementary information on the number of molecules in the asymmetric unit and the crystallinity of the sample.
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Day, Jonathan, Matthew S. Conti, Nicholas Williams, Scott J. Ellis, Jonathan T. Deland, and Elizabeth A. Cody. "Contribution of First-Tarsometatarsal Joint Fusion to Deformity Correction in the Treatment of Adult-Acquired Flatfoot Deformity." Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 5, no. 3 (July 1, 2020): 247301142092732. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011420927321.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Severe adult-acquired flatfoot deformity (AAFD) is often associated with painful medial column collapse at the naviculocuneiform (NC) joint. However, many surgeons surgically correct the deformity without directly addressing this joint. The purpose of this study was to examine the role of first-tarsometatarsal (TMT) fusion combined with subtalar fusion in correcting deformity at the NC joint. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 40 patients (41 feet) who underwent first-TMT and subtalar (ST) fusion as part of a flatfoot reconstructive procedure. We assessed 6 radiographic parameters both preoperatively and at a minimum of 6 months postoperatively, including talonavicular (TN) coverage angle, lateral talo–first metatarsal angle, lateral talocalcaneal angle, calcaneal pitch, hindfoot moment arm, and a newly defined navicular-cuneiform incongruency angle (NCIA). Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) clinical outcomes were assessed preoperatively and at a minimum 1-year follow-up. Results: The NCIA demonstrated excellent interobserver reliability, with no significant change between pre- and postoperative measurements. All other radiographic parameters, except calcaneal pitch, demonstrated statistically significant improvement postoperatively ( P < .01). Overall, patients had statistically significant improvement in all PROMIS domains ( P < .01), except for depression. Worsening NC deformity was not associated with worse patient-reported outcomes. Conclusions: Our data suggest that when addressing painful collapse of the medial arch in patients with AAFD, fusion of the first-TMT joint in combination with other procedures leads to acceptable radiographic and clinical outcomes. There was no change in deformity at the NC joint in our patient cohort at short-term follow-up, and patients achieved significant improvement in multiple PROMIS domains. Although TMT fusion had no effect on NC deformity, residual or worsening NC deformity did not significantly affect clinical outcomes. In addition, the NCIA was found to be a reliable radiographic parameter to assess NC deformity in the presence of talonavicular and/or first-TMT fusion. Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective comparative study.