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Burns, Michael L., Michael R. Mathis, John Vandervest, Xinyu Tan, Bo Lu, Douglas A. Colquhoun, Nirav Shah, Sachin Kheterpal, and Leif Saager. "Classification of Current Procedural Terminology Codes from Electronic Health Record Data Using Machine Learning." Anesthesiology 132, no. 4 (April 1, 2020): 738–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aln.0000000000003150.
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Abstract Background Accurate anesthesiology procedure code data are essential to quality improvement, research, and reimbursement tasks within anesthesiology practices. Advanced data science techniques, including machine learning and natural language processing, offer opportunities to develop classification tools for Current Procedural Terminology codes across anesthesia procedures. Methods Models were created using a Train/Test dataset including 1,164,343 procedures from 16 academic and private hospitals. Five supervised machine learning models were created to classify anesthesiology Current Procedural Terminology codes, with accuracy defined as first choice classification matching the institutional-assigned code existing in the perioperative database. The two best performing models were further refined and tested on a Holdout dataset from a single institution distinct from Train/Test. A tunable confidence parameter was created to identify cases for which models were highly accurate, with the goal of at least 95% accuracy, above the reported 2018 Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (Baltimore, Maryland) fee-for-service accuracy. Actual submitted claim data from billing specialists were used as a reference standard. Results Support vector machine and neural network label-embedding attentive models were the best performing models, respectively, demonstrating overall accuracies of 87.9% and 84.2% (single best code), and 96.8% and 94.0% (within top three). Classification accuracy was 96.4% in 47.0% of cases using support vector machine and 94.4% in 62.2% of cases using label-embedding attentive model within the Train/Test dataset. In the Holdout dataset, respective classification accuracies were 93.1% in 58.0% of cases and 95.0% among 62.0%. The most important feature in model training was procedure text. Conclusions Through application of machine learning and natural language processing techniques, highly accurate real-time models were created for anesthesiology Current Procedural Terminology code classification. The increased processing speed and a priori targeted accuracy of this classification approach may provide performance optimization and cost reduction for quality improvement, research, and reimbursement tasks reliant on anesthesiology procedure codes. Editor’s Perspective What We Already Know about This Topic What This Article Tells Us That Is New
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Riestiawan and Indah Ariyati. "Komparasi Pengolahan Data Keuangan Manual Dengan Pengolahan Data Keuangan Menggunakan Zahir Accounting Versi 5.1." Journal of Students‘ Research in Computer Science 3, no. 1 (May 30, 2022): 89–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.31599/jsrcs.v3i1.1478.
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The development of information technology has penetrated all areas of life in all parts of the world, which is triggered by the increasing complexity of business activities and the increasing need for financial information. Processing of financial data on CV. Akbar Motor is recorded manually using sheets of paper so that the recording still does not work optimally. In addition, manual data processing is quite time-consuming, labor-intensive, and large costs which causes late financial statements. Researchers process financial data manually then continue using Zahir Accouting Software Version 5.1 as a comparison. The research methods used in collecting data consist of observations, interviews and literature studies. Comparison between manual processing of financial data with Zahir Accounting version 5.1. aims to find out the financial condition of an enterprise in a certain period in the hope that it can be used in decision making quickly and accurately. Keywords: Comparative, Finance, Reports, Zahir Abstrak Perkembangan teknologi informasi telah merambah di segala bidang kehidupan di seluruh belahan penjuru dunia, yang dipicu dengan meningkatnya kompleksitas kegiatan usaha dan meningkatnya kebutuhan akan informasi keuangan. Pengolahan data keuangan pada CV. Akbar Motor dicatat secara manual menggunakan lembaran–lembaran kertas sehingga pencatatan masih belum bekerja secara maksimal. Selain itu pengolahan data secara manual cukup memakan waktu, tenaga, dan biaya besar yang menyebabkan terlambatnya laporan keuangan. Peneliti melakukan pengolahan data keuangan secara manual kemudian dilanjutkan dengan menggunakan Software Zahir Accouting Versi 5.1 sebagai komparasinya. Metode penelitian yang di gunakan dalam mengumpulkan data terdiri dari pengamatan, wawancara dan studi pustaka. Komparasi antara pengolahan data keuangan secara manual dengan Zahir Accounting versi 5.1. bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi keuangan suatu perusahaan ini dalam periode tertentu dengan harapan dapat di gunakan dalam pengambilan keputusan secara cepat tepat dan akurat Kata kunci: Keuangan, Komparasi, Laporan, Zahir
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Hasan, Firman Noor, and I. Ketut Sudaryana. "Penerapan Business Intelligence & Online Analytical Processing untuk Data-Data Penelitian dan Luarannya pada Perguruan Tinggi Menggunakan Pentaho." Infotech: Journal of Technology Information 8, no. 2 (November 30, 2022): 85–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.37365/jti.v8i2.143.
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Utilization of ICT in various sectors is needed, especially those related to business impact and strategy. Information technology is the backbone of the sustainability of businesses, companies, and organizations. Companies that are able to utilize ICT well, therefore indirectly adapt to the times and strive to excel from competitors. The method used refers to the steps recommended by Carlo Vercellis. The software and tools used are open source based, such as Pentaho Data Integration for processing extract, transform, load (ETL), Pentaho Community Edition for dashboards, Pentaho Report Designer for report generation, and Mondrian OLAP for displaying multidimensional data. The results of this study conclude application of business intelligence in universities is very easy and efficient, the use of a dashboard that is presented visually and interactively is very helpful for leaders in viewing existing research data. So it is very helpful for organizations, especially university leaders in making decisions.
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Flick, Moritz, Jasmin Matin Mehr, Luisa Briesenick, Phillip Hoppe, Karim Kouz, Christina Vokuhl, Doris Flotzinger, Katja Lerche, and Bernd Saugel. "Agreement between continuous noninvasive finger cuff-derived and invasive arterial blood pressure measurements: Effect of data sampling and data processing." European Journal of Anaesthesiology 38, no. 6 (March 1, 2021): 616–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/eja.0000000000001469.
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Pasma, Wietze, Linda M. Peelen, Stef van Buuren, Wilton A. van Klei, and Jurgen C. de Graaff. "Artifact Processing Methods Influence on Intraoperative Hypotension Quantification and Outcome Effect Estimates." Anesthesiology 132, no. 4 (April 1, 2020): 723–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aln.0000000000003131.
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Abstract Background Physiologic data that is automatically collected during anesthesia is widely used for medical record keeping and clinical research. These data contain artifacts, which are not relevant in clinical care, but may influence research results. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of different methods of filtering and processing artifacts in anesthesiology data on study findings in order to demonstrate the importance of proper artifact filtering. Methods The authors performed a systematic literature search to identify artifact filtering methods. Subsequently, these methods were applied to the data of anesthesia procedures with invasive blood pressure monitoring. Different hypotension measures were calculated (i.e., presence, duration, maximum deviation below threshold, and area under threshold) across different definitions (i.e., thresholds for mean arterial pressure of 50, 60, 65, 70 mmHg). These were then used to estimate the association with postoperative myocardial injury. Results After screening 3,585 papers, the authors included 38 papers that reported artifact filtering methods. The authors applied eight of these methods to the data of 2,988 anesthesia procedures. The occurrence of hypotension (defined with a threshold of 50 mmHg) varied from 24% with a median filter of seven measurements to 55% without an artifact filtering method, and between 76 and 90% with a threshold of 65 mmHg. Standardized odds ratios for presence of hypotension ranged from 1.16 (95% CI, 1.07 to 1.26) to 1.24 (1.14 to 1.34) when hypotension was defined with a threshold of 50 mmHg. Similar variations in standardized odds ratios were found when applying methods to other hypotension measures and definitions. Conclusions The method of artifact filtering can have substantial effects on estimates of hypotension prevalence. The effect on the association between intraoperative hypotension and postoperative myocardial injury was relatively small. Nevertheless, the authors recommend that researchers carefully consider artifacts handling and report the methodology used. Editor’s Perspective What We Already Know about This Topic What This Article Tells Us That Is New
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Rusanov, Alexander, Riccardo Miotto, and Chunhua Weng. "Trends in anesthesiology research: a machine learning approach to theme discovery and summarization." JAMIA Open 1, no. 2 (September 4, 2018): 283–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jamiaopen/ooy009.
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Abstract Objectives Traditionally, summarization of research themes and trends within a given discipline was accomplished by manual review of scientific works in the field. However, with the ushering in of the age of “big data,” new methods for discovery of such information become necessary as traditional techniques become increasingly difficult to apply due to the exponential growth of document repositories. Our objectives are to develop a pipeline for unsupervised theme extraction and summarization of thematic trends in document repositories, and to test it by applying it to a specific domain. Methods To that end, we detail a pipeline, which utilizes machine learning and natural language processing for unsupervised theme extraction, and a novel method for summarization of thematic trends, and network mapping for visualization of thematic relations. We then apply this pipeline to a collection of anesthesiology abstracts. Results We demonstrate how this pipeline enables discovery of major themes and temporal trends in anesthesiology research and facilitates document classification and corpus exploration. Discussion The relation of prevalent topics and extracted trends to recent events in both anesthesiology, and healthcare in general, demonstrates the pipeline’s utility. Furthermore, the agreement between the unsupervised thematic grouping and human-assigned classification validates the pipeline’s accuracy and demonstrates another potential use. Conclusion The described pipeline enables summarization and exploration of large document repositories, facilitates classification, aids in trend identification. A more robust and user-friendly interface will facilitate the expansion of this methodology to other domains. This will be the focus of future work for our group.
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Xiao, Yan, Peter Hu, Hao Hu, Danny Ho, Franklin Dexter, Colin F. Mackenzie, F. Jacob Seagull, and Richard P. Dutton. "An Algorithm for Processing Vital Sign Monitoring Data to Remotely Identify Operating Room Occupancy in Real-Time." Anesthesia & Analgesia 101, no. 3 (September 2005): 823–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/01.ane.0000167948.81735.5b.
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Santoso, Hari, Sugesti Sugesti, and Notatema Anugrah Gea. "RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM INFORMASI REKAM MEDIS BERBASIS WEB." Infotech: Journal of Technology Information 7, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.37365/jti.v7i1.100.
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Medical record is a file that contains records about the patient's identity, examination, treatment, actions and other health services to patients. The speed of obtaining data and processing of data is very much needed in the current technological era. With the development of technology makes people think to be able to work more effectively and efficiently. One of them is making a conventional system into a computerized system. By utilizing website facilities that are connected to the internet, medical records can be more effective and efficient in searching and recording medical history. In this research a web-based information system is designed using the PHP programming language and MySQL database using the waterfall method as its research method. With this system, it is expected to be able to overcome the various needs of users to search for patient data and perform data processing as well as facilitate users in making reports. From the results of research and design that has been implemented to produce medical record applications that facilitate the processing of patient data.
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Hofbauer, Robert K., Pierre Fiset, Gilles Plourde, Steven B. Backman, and M. Catherine Bushnell. "Dose-dependent Effects of Propofol on the Central Processing of Thermal Pain." Anesthesiology 100, no. 2 (February 1, 2004): 386–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200402000-00031.
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Background Anatomic and physiologic data show that multiple regions of the forebrain are activated by pain. However, the effect of anesthetic level on nociceptive input to these regions is not well understood. Methods The authors used positron emission tomography to measure the effect of various concentrations of propofol on pain-evoked changes in regional cerebral blood flow. Fifteen volunteers were scanned while warm and painful heat stimuli were presented to the volar forearm using a contact thermode during administration of target propofol concentrations of 0.0 microg/ml (alert control), 0.5 microg/ml (mild sedation), 1.5 microg/ml (moderate sedation), and 3.5 microg/ml (unconsciousness). Results During the 0.5-microg/ml target propofol concentration (mild sedation), the subjects' pain ratings increased relative to the alert control condition; correspondingly, pain-evoked regional cerebral blood flow increased in the thalamus and the anterior cingulate cortex. In contrast, when subjects lost consciousness (3.5 microg/ml), pain-evoked responses in the thalamus and the anterior cingulate cortex were no longer observed, whereas significant pain-evoked activation remained in the insular cortex. Conclusion These data show that propofol has a dose-dependent effect on thalamocortical transfer of nociceptive information but that some pain-evoked cortical activity remains after loss of consciousness.
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Lindvall, Charlotta, Alexander Forsyth, Regina Barzilay, and James Tulsky. "Natural Language Processing: An Opportunity to Make Chart Data Come Alive in Palliative Care Research (FR481A)." Journal of Pain and Symptom Management 53, no. 2 (February 2017): 385. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2016.12.164.
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Liang, M., A. Mouraux, and G. D. Iannetti. "F114 PARALLEL PROCESSING OF NOCICEPTIVE AND NON-NOCICEPTIVE SOMATOSENSORY INFORMATION IN S1 AND S2: EVIDENCE FROM DYNAMIC CAUSAL MODELLING OF fMRI DATA." European Journal of Pain Supplements 5, S1 (September 2011): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1754-3207(11)70363-7.
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Rofiq, Nur, Agung Perdananto, and Nur Jaya. "PENERAPAN MODEL WATERFALL PADA APLIKASI BANK SAMPAH." Infotech: Journal of Technology Information 7, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.37365/jti.v7i1.102.
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The Waterfall Model is also very widely used by organizations and is developed with certain software whose results can overcome changes and weaknesses. This research is designed to manage the data of 'Jawara' customers because currently, they are still using a semi-computerized method that only writes them down in a book list. This study uses a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis with stages, namely system engineering, analysis, design, code generation, and the Waste Bank application testing. The application of the waterfall model in the Waste Bank information system application is a solution in the use of previously still recording customer waste deposits in Excel files, making quick and detailed waste price list reports, simplifying customer data processing, accelerating the search for required information and making it easier for customers to view a history of withdrawal and deposit transactions that previously still used semi-computerized methods. The result of this research is an application that has been made into a solution in making quick and detailed waste price list reports, simplifying customer data processing and speeding up information search, viewing withdrawal and deposit transaction history.
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O.E., Okelola, and Babalola D.A. "Empirical Analysis of Fish Consumption among Households in Lagos State, Nigeria." African Journal of Agriculture and Food Science 5, no. 2 (July 9, 2022): 58–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.52589/ajafs-uuk9nycr.
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This work studies fish consumption among households in Lagos State. A multistage sampling technique was used to select 400 households from Lagos Island, Eti Osa, Surulere, Shomolu, Kosofe and Oshodi/Isolo Local Government Areas. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the data needed for the study. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (multinomial logit model). The result indicated that the study area had more male-headed households (52.5%). The average monthly expenditure on fish by household was ₦3,640. The result of the descriptive statistics further shows that a large number of consumers had a preference for fresh fish (60.7%) and smoked fish (54.7%). The result of the multinomial result shows that Education, Age, mode of income, Gender and Household income were among the significant factors influencing households’ preference for the form of fish consumed. The study recommends the improvement of the market for fish by creating value through packaging processing and storage and better storage facilities are pertinent. This can be achieved by government provision of steady power supply and agro-processing industries which must be linked to production for household consumption.
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Frolkova, A. V., V. G. Fertikova, E. V. Rytova, and A. K. Frolkova. "Evaluation of the adequacy of phase equilibria modeling based on various sets of experimental data." Fine Chemical Technologies 16, no. 6 (January 26, 2022): 457–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.32362/2410-6593-2021-16-6-457-464.
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Objectives. The purpose of the paper is to compare the adequacy of mathematical models of vapor–liquid equilibrium (VLE) and their ability to reproduce the phase behavior of the ternary system benzene–cyclohexane–chlorobenzene using different experimental data sets to evaluate binary interaction parameters.Methods. The research methodologies were mathematical modeling of VLE in the Aspen Plus V.10.0 software package using activity coefficient models (Non-Random Two-Liquid (NRTL), Wilson) and the Universal quasichemical Functional-group Activity Coefficients (UNIFAC) group model, which allows for independent information. For the benzene–cyclohexane–chlorobenzene ternary system, the use of the NRTL equation is warranted because it provides a better description of the VLE experimental data.Results. The diagram construction of the constant volatility of cyclohexane relative to benzene lines revealed three topological structures. Only one of them can be considered reliable because it corresponds to the experimental data and coincides with the UNIFAC model diagram constructed based on independent UNIFAC model data. The results indicate that to study systems containing components with similar properties, it is necessary to improve the description quality of the available data sets (the relative error should not exceed 1.5%).Conclusions. The reproduction of the thermodynamic features of various manifolds in the composition simplex obtained by processing direct VLE data can be used to supplement the adequacy of the model. For the cyclohexane–benzene–chlorobenzene system, the best NRTL equation parameters are those regressed from the extensive experimental VLE data available in the literature for the ternary system as a whole.
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Plourde, Gilles, Pascal Belin, Daniel Chartrand, Pierre Fiset, Steven B. Backman, Guoming Xie, and Robert J. Zatorre. "Cortical Processing of Complex Auditory Stimuli during Alterations of Consciousness with the General Anesthetic Propofol." Anesthesiology 104, no. 3 (March 1, 2006): 448–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200603000-00011.
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Background The extent to which complex auditory stimuli are processed and differentiated during general anesthesia is unknown. The authors used blood oxygenation level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging to examine the processing words (10 per period; compared with scrambled words) and nonspeech human vocal sounds (10 per period; compared with environmental sounds) during propofol anesthesia. Methods Seven healthy subjects were tested. Propofol was given by a computer-controlled pump to obtain stable plasma concentrations. Data were acquired during awake baseline, sedation (propofol concentration in arterial plasma: 0.64 +/- 0.13 microg/ml; mean +/- SD), general anesthesia (4.62 +/- 0.57 microg/ml), and recovery. Subjects were asked to memorize the words. Results During all periods including anesthesia, the sounds conditions combined elicited significantly greater activations than silence bilaterally in primary auditory cortices (Heschl gyrus) and adjacent regions within the planum temporale. During sedation and anesthesia, however, the magnitude of the activations was reduced by 40-50% (P < 0.05). Furthermore, anesthesia abolished voice-specific activations seen bilaterally in the superior temporal sulcus during the other periods as well as word-specific activations bilaterally in the Heschl gyrus, planum temporale, and superior temporal gyrus. However, scrambled words paradoxically elicited significantly more activation than normal words bilaterally in planum temporale during anesthesia. Recognition the next day occurred only for words presented during baseline plus recovery and was correlated (P < 0.01) with activity in right and left planum temporale. Conclusions The authors conclude that during anesthesia, the primary and association auditory cortices remain responsive to complex auditory stimuli, but in a nonspecific way such that the ability for higher-level analysis is lost.
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Ranft, Andreas, Daniel Golkowski, Tobias Kiel, Valentin Riedl, Philipp Kohl, Guido Rohrer, Joachim Pientka, et al. "Neural Correlates of Sevoflurane-induced Unconsciousness Identified by Simultaneous Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Electroencephalography." Anesthesiology 125, no. 5 (November 1, 2016): 861–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aln.0000000000001322.
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Abstract Background The neural correlates of anesthetic-induced unconsciousness have yet to be fully elucidated. Sedative and anesthetic states induced by propofol have been studied extensively, consistently revealing a decrease of frontoparietal and thalamocortical connectivity. There is, however, less understanding of the effects of halogenated ethers on functional brain networks. Methods The authors recorded simultaneous resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging and electroencephalography in 16 artificially ventilated volunteers during sevoflurane anesthesia at burst suppression and 3 and 2 vol% steady-state concentrations for 700 s each to assess functional connectivity changes compared to wakefulness. Electroencephalographic data were analyzed using symbolic transfer entropy (surrogate of information transfer) and permutation entropy (surrogate of cortical information processing). Functional magnetic resonance imaging data were analyzed by an independent component analysis and a region-of-interest–based analysis. Results Electroencephalographic analysis showed a significant reduction of anterior-to-posterior symbolic transfer entropy and global permutation entropy. At 2 vol% sevoflurane concentrations, frontal and thalamic networks identified by independent component analysis showed significantly reduced within-network connectivity. Primary sensory networks did not show a significant change. At burst suppression, all cortical networks showed significantly reduced functional connectivity. Region-of-interest–based thalamic connectivity at 2 vol% was significantly reduced to frontoparietal and posterior cingulate cortices but not to sensory areas. Conclusions Sevoflurane decreased frontal and thalamocortical connectivity. The changes in blood oxygenation level dependent connectivity were consistent with reduced anterior-to-posterior directed connectivity and reduced cortical information processing. These data advance the understanding of sevoflurane-induced unconsciousness and contribute to a neural basis of electroencephalographic measures that hold promise for intraoperative anesthesia monitoring.
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Gunadi, Goldie. "PENERAPAN ALGORITMA K-MEANS CLUSTERING UNTUK MENGANALISA TRANSAKSI PENJUALAN JASA CETAK PADA UNIT PRINT ON DEMAND (POD) PERCETAKAN GRAMEDIA." Infotech: Journal of Technology Information 8, no. 2 (November 30, 2022): 117–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.37365/jti.v8i2.148.
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Data mining is a method used to obtain valuable information contained in data banks. The information obtained can be used as input for determining the business strategy for the head of the company's agency. One of the most widely used data mining techniques is clustering using the K-Means method. Print on Demand (PoD) is one of the printing business units of PT. Gramedia which specifically provides printing services for various types of products, including: books, magazines, calendars, posters, promo materials such as product catalogs and brochures, as well as small-sized products such as business cards, tickets, coupons or vouchers and stickers. Currently every sales transaction data is stored in a SQL Server database, but until now the data processing is still done manually for reporting needs for company management. The purpose of this research is to perform K-Means Clustering analysis of the transaction data of sales of print services using the RapidMiner application to classify routine customer data based on the number of transactions made for each type of print product. The results of the application of the K-Means Clustering method resulted in 8 groups of customer data where the largest group consisted of 92.89% of the number of customers. The results of the analysis can be used by the company's management to determine various business strategies to increase the company's competitiveness.
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Anatolii, Makarov. "Anthropogenic deposits and their impact on the natural environment." Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii. Gornyi zhurnal, no. 3 (June 20, 2022): 120–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.21440/0536-1028-2022-3-120-129.
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Introduction. This paper considers anthropogenic deposits as a source of environmental contaminants and a cause of air, soil, surface water and ground water pollution. Anthropogenic deposits are represented by dumps of mining enterprises, sludge from processing plants, dumps of metallurgical, fuel and energy, chemical and other industries. Their analysis is currently particularly relevant being aimed at national mineral resource base expansion and mining regions ecology improvement. Research objective is to study the direction of the environmental impact created by anthropogenic deposits formed by inactive enterprises, determine their impact on environmental pollution, and consider them as sources of secondary raw materials. Methods of research. The article is based mainly on the data obtained when studying anthropogenic deposits in the Urals. Theoretical research methods, including analysis and synthesis of data obtained by the authors and information sources on similar facilities in other Russian regions, were used to generalize the results of field and analytical studies, namely mineralogical and petrographic studies the authors performed. Results. This paper studies how various anthropogenic deposits in surface conditions impact the main components of the natural environment, namely air, soil and ground, hydrosphere and biosphere. The main indicators of heavy metals impact and concentration in Ural anthropogenic mineral formations are given. To effectively manage such facilities, it is proposed, first of all, to process, and then reclaim such deposits. Conclusions. Anthropogenic mineral deposits have an integrated negative effect on all components of the natural environment. Environmental monitoring that considers the local character of contamination dissipation is necessary to assess the impact of anthropogenic deposits. The negative environmental impact of these facilities is minimized or significantly reduced during conservation, which is carried out by surface reclamation. However, complete processing of anthropogenic mineral formations is preferable.
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Sagitarini, Yuliana, Ahmad Mukoffi, Soko Wikardojo, and Sukarno Himawan. "EFEKTIVITAS PENGOLAAN DANA DESA DITINJAU DARI KUALITAS PELAPORAN KEUANGAN DESA DI DESA SUMBERSEKAR." Jurnal Magister Akuntansi Trisakti 9, no. 1 (March 31, 2022): 73–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.25105/jmat.v9i1.9367.
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The purpose of this research is to determine the management of village funds on village financial reporting in the village of Sumbersekar and to determine the quality of village financial reporting in the village of Sumbersekar. This type of research is an interpretive qualitative method that is able to provide a rich picture of the context of the research, the process is interactive and by collecting data such as documentation and observation, as well as by collecting data from various sources which will be known as triangulation (combined), the type of data that is used. used are primary and secondary data, the source of data in this research is the source of data derived from informants. Data collection techniques are interviews, observation, documentation, and literature study, while the data analysis techniques used are a subject of various parts, the examination of the parts themselves and also the relationship between the sections in order to obtain a proper understanding and overall understanding of this research. Processing and data analysis using descriptive analysis. The results of the study can be stated that the effectiveness of village fund management in terms of the quality of village financial reporting in Sumbersekar Village is declared effective, because financial management through village expenditure targets is higher than expenditure realization, the effectiveness of village fund management in 2017 was 96.92%, in 2018 it was 98.04 % whereas in 2019 it was declared quite effective because the realization of village expenditure was higher than the village expenditure target of 104.32%, as well as the effectiveness of village fund management if the village expenditure target was higher than the realization of village expenditure, it was said to be effective. Meanwhile, if the management of village funds in the realization of village spending is higher than the target of village expenditures, it is said to be quite effective
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Andi Bimantoro, Fanji, Sugiyono Madelan, and Ahmad Badawi Saluy. "Forecasting With Time Series Method at PT. RSM in Bekasi Jawa Barat." Dinasti International Journal of Economics, Finance & Accounting 2, no. 3 (July 6, 2021): 273–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.38035/dijefa.v2i3.858.
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This study aims to determine the most valid forecasting method based on the time series method. This research uses a quantitative descriptive method, the research variable is sales data of MT products belonging to PT. RSM period August 2018 to January 2021. Data processing using Microsoft excel and Minitab 19 software. ABC analysis results show product codes RSM020, RSM021, and RSM017 occupy the three highest ranks in class A by contributing 26.16% sales figures. Based on the forecasting results using various time series methods (linear trend, decomposition, moving average, single exponential smoothing, Holt Method, and Winter Method) it is found that the Winter Method produces the lowest MAPE value, which is below 20%. Product code RSM020 with an alpha value of 0.06; beta 0.09; and 0.07 gamma produces 17.2% MAPE. Product code RSM021 with an alpha value of 0.01; beta 0.01; and 0.01 gamma produces a 15.3% MAPE. Product code RSM017 with an alpha value of 0.01; beta 0.02; and 0.02 gamma produces 18.1% MAPE.
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Mihovk, Rikhard. "Production and primary processing of grain in the Ung, Bereg, Ugocha and Maramoros counties in the Middle Ages." Scientific Herald of Uzhhorod University. Series: History, no. 2 (45) (December 25, 2021): 70–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2523-4498.2(45).2021.246896.
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The present research deals with the medieval grain production and the primary processing of it in Ung, Bereg, Ugocsa and Maramures counties. In the Middle Ages, the primary foodstuff was bread, which could be made from a variety of grains. In today's Transcarpathia, bread was made primarily using wheat and rye, which were crucial parts of the everyday eating. After the founding of the Hungarian state, the branch of the food production underwent a transformation, namely the animal-husbandry was slowly replaced by tillage. With the continuous development of the village system, indoor and outdoor farming were also spreading. Grain was grown on arable land away from the house, which has been a high priority. In order to understand the system based on family farming, principally the number of family members must be calculated, and then the average number of settlements follows from the obtained data, which gives the amount of land required per families and settlements to produce grain for bread. The bread was baked in a two-week cycle, when the family gained 30 kg. The growing crops for bread is the first stage of the process, which is followed by milling, i.e. the second stage. Grinding took place in mills, of which several varieties are separated. In the case of our region, watermills were widespread, of which there are also several types. We separate a stream mill and a floating mill from water mills. In the case of our region, both varieties have been identified. The mills did not work all year round, they could only work at the proper water level. Therefore, neither in winter cold nor in summer the mill could not work, so the grinding of flour needed for bread took place mainly in spring and autumn. Mills were one of the most complex technological machines of the time, the operation and maintenance of which required a specialist with relevant knowledge. Mills can be used for grinding grain, as well as for sawing and grinding wood. By examining the available resources, tens of mills were localized in the four counties, which also sheds light on the technological development of the age.
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Burlingame, Rita H., Sneha Shrestha, Michael R. Rummel, and Matthew I. Banks. "Subhypnotic Doses of Isoflurane Impair Auditory Discrimination in Rats." Anesthesiology 106, no. 4 (April 1, 2007): 754–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.anes.0000264755.24264.68.
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Background Isoflurane at subhypnotic doses is known to affect cellular and network activity in the auditory pathway, but the behavioral effects of these concentrations of isoflurane on auditory processing have not been tested previously. The authors tested the hypothesis that subhypnotic doses of isoflurane would impair auditory discrimination in rats. Methods Rats were tested on their ability to discriminate up versus down frequency-modulated sweeps using three different pairs of sweeps ("Long," "Med," "Short"), whose frequency range and duration were varied systematically to make the discrimination more difficult. Rats were tested daily in the absence and presence of isoflurane at 0.2% or 0.4%. The effects of isoflurane (0%, 0.2%, and 0.4%) on performance (= % correct) and efficiency (= time/trial) were assessed using regression analysis. Results The effect of isoflurane was stimulus-dependent: performance for the Long stimulus pair was unaffected by isoflurane, performance on the Med stimulus pair was impaired only by 0.4% isoflurane, and performance on the Short stimulus pair was impaired by both 0.2% and 0.4% isoflurane. In contrast, isoflurane decreased efficiency equally for all stimulus pairs at 0.4% and had no effect at 0.2%. Conclusions The stimulus dependence of the effect of isoflurane on performance suggests that it is unlikely this effect was secondary to effects on memory, motivation, or motor function. These data indicate that doses of isoflurane known to produce modest effects on neural responses alter cortical sensory processing.
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Smith, Michael P., Warren S. Sandberg, Joseph Foss, Kathleen Massoli, Mona Kanda, Wael Barsoum, and Armin Schubert. "High-throughput Operating Room System for Joint Arthroplasties Durably Outperforms Routine Processes." Anesthesiology 109, no. 1 (July 1, 2008): 25–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aln.0b013e31817881c7.
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Background Recent publications have focused on increased operating room (OR) throughput without increasing total OR time. The authors hypothesized that a system of parallel processing for lower extremity joint arthroplasties sustainably reduces nonoperative time and increases throughput. Methods The high-throughput parallel processing strategy included neuraxial anesthesia performed in an "induction room" adjacent to the OR, patient selection, an additional circulating nurse, and end-of-case transfer of care to a recovery room nurse who transported the patient from the OR to recovery. Instruments and supplies were prepared in a dedicated sterile setup area. Data were extracted from administrative databases. Group comparisons used standard statistical methods; statistical process control was used to evaluate performance over time. Results There were 688 historic control cases from 299 days over 16 months, and 905 high-throughput cases from 304 days spanning 24 consecutive months starting September 1, 2004. Throughput increased from 2.6 +/- 0.7 (mean +/- SD) to 3.4 +/- 0.8 arthroplasties per day per room. Nonoperative time decreased by 36 min (or 50%) per case. Operative time also decreased by 14 min (12%) per case. The end time for the high-throughput OR day was only 16 min later than control. Nonoperative time, operative time, and throughput remained significantly improved after 2 yr of operation. Contribution margin increased 19.6%. Conclusion Reorganizing the perioperative work process for total joint replacements sustainably increased OR throughput. Because joint arthroplasties generated a positive margin greater than the incremental cost, the high-throughput system improved financial performance.
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Muth-Selbach, Uta S., Irmgard Tegeder, Kay Brune, and Gerd Geisslinger. "Acetaminophen Inhibits Spinal Prostaglandin E2Release after Peripheral Noxious Stimulation." Anesthesiology 91, no. 1 (July 1, 1999): 231–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199907000-00032.
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Background Prostaglandin play a pivotal role in spinal nociceptive processing. At therapeutic concentrations, acetaminophen is not a cyclooxygenase inhibitor. inhibitor. Thus, it is antinociceptive without having antiinflammatory or gastrointestinal toxic effects. This study evaluated the role of spinal prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in antinociception produced by intraperitoneally administered acetaminophen. Methods The PGE2 concentrations in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord were measured after formalin was injected into the hind paw of rats. The effect of antinociceptive doses of acetaminophen (100, 200, and 300 mg/kg given intraperitoneally) on PGE2 levels and flinching behavior was monitored Spinal PGE2 and acetaminophen concentrations were obtained by microdialysis using a probe that was implanted transversely through the dorsal horn of the spinal cord at L4. Furthermore, the effects of acetaminophen on urinary prostaglandin excretion were determined. Results Intraperitoneal administration of acetaminophen resulted in a significant decrease in spinal PGE2 release that was associated with a significant reduction in the flinching behavior in the formalin test Acetaminophen was distributed rapidly into the spinal cord with maximum dialysate concentrations 4560 min after intraperitoneal administration. Urinary excretion of prostanoids (PGE2, PGF2alpha, and 6-keto-PGF1alpha) was not significantly altered after acetaminophen administration. Conclusions The data confirm the importance of PGE2 in spinal nociceptive processing. The results suggest that antinociception after acetaminophen administration is mediated, at least in part, by inhibition of spinal PGE2 release. The mechanism, however, remains unknown. The finding that urinary excretion of prostaglandins was not affected might explain why acetaminophen is antinociceptive but does not compromise renal safety.
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Marettos Hutabarat, Lissom, and Hedwigis Esti Riwayati. "The Analysis Relates to the Impact Caused by the Capital Adequacy Ratio and Loan to Deposits Ratio Which Mediated by Return on Assets Towards the Stock Prices." Dinasti International Journal of Economics, Finance & Accounting 2, no. 2 (May 5, 2021): 150–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.38035/dijefa.v2i2.857.
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The research purpose was to discover and analyze the role of the Capital adequacy ratio and loan to deposits ratio towards Stock prices which are mediated by return on assets. The population in this research were 4 (four) state-owned banks and the sample process through purposive sampling technique with the total number of elements in the population was a sample whose subjects had met the required criteria. The research data was obtained through the publication of Financial Services Authority related to the financial statements of conventional banks and the yahoo finance website. The analysis technique used was panel data regression and data processing through Microsoft Excel 2020 and Eviews 10 applications. The results show that the Capital adequacy ratio had a positive and significant impact on stock prices, loan to deposits ratio and return on assets have no effect on stock prices. The Capital adequacy ratio had a negative and significant impact towards return on assets, loan to deposits ratio had no impact towards return on assets, return on assets is able to partially mediate the impact from Capital adequacy ratio towards stock prices and return on assets is unable to mediate the impact from loan to deposits ratio towards stock prices of state-owned banks in Indonesia during this research period.
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Nijs, Jo. "Autonomic Response to Pain in Patients with Chronic Whiplash Associated Disorders." May 2013 3;16, no. 3;5 (May 14, 2013): E277—E285. http://dx.doi.org/10.36076/ppj.2013/16/e277.
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Background: Patients with chronic whiplash associated disorders (WAD) demonstrate altered central pain processing and impaired endogenous analgesia. In addition, previous research reported disturbances in the autonomic nervous system and the presence of post-traumatic stress reaction in patients with chronic WAD. The autonomic nervous system, in particular the autonomic stress response, might modulate central pain processing in this population. Objectives: The goal of this study was to compare the autonomic response to acute painful stimuli in patients with chronic WAD and healthy controls and to look for associations between endogenous analgesia and autonomic parameters. Study design: Case-control study. Methods: Thirty patients with chronic WAD and 31 healthy controls were subjected to an experiment evaluating the autonomic nervous system at rest and during experimental painful stimuli. Skin conductance, heart rate, and heart rate variability parameters were monitored continuously during the evaluation of conditioned pain modulation. The paradigm of heterotopic noxious conditioning stimulation was used to assess this conditioned pain modulation effect. Results: The data revealed no difference in autonomic response to pain between chronic WAD and healthy controls. The autonomic response was unrelated to pressure pain thresholds or the effect of conditioned pain modulation in either group. Limitations: The present study only investigates the autonomic response to a stress caused by pain. Conclusion: Results of this study refute autonomic dysfunction in response to pain in patients with chronic WAD. The autonomic nervous system activity or reactivity to acute pain appears unrelated to either pain thresholds or endogenous analgesia in patients with chronic WAD. Key words: chronic whiplash associated disorders, central sensitization, pain modulation; posttraumatic stress disorder ,sympathetic, heart rate variability
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Araya, Erika I., Eduardo C. Carvalho, Roberto Andreatini, Gerald W. Zamponi, and Juliana G. Chichorro. "Trigeminal neuropathic pain causes changes in affective processing of pain in rats." Molecular Pain 18 (January 2022): 174480692110577. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17448069211057750.
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Trigeminal neuropathic pain has been modeled in rodents through the constriction of the infraorbital nerve (CCI-ION). Sensory alterations, including spontaneous pain, and thermal and mechanical hyperalgesia are well characterized, but there is a notable lack of evidence about the affective pain component in this model. Evaluation of the emotional component of pain in rats has been proposed as a way to optimize potential translational value of non-clinical studies. In rats, 22 and 50 kHz ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) are considered well-established measures of negative and positive emotional states, respectively. Thus, this study tested the hypothesis that trigeminal neuropathic pain would result, in addition to the sensory alterations, in a decrease of 50 kHz USV, which may be related to altered function of brain areas involved in emotional pain processing. CCI-ION surgery was performed on 60-day-old male Wistar rats. 15 days after surgery, von Frey filaments were applied to detect mechanical hyperalgesia, and USV was recorded. At the same timepoint, systemic treatment with d,l-amphetamine (1 mg/kg) allowed investigation of the involvement of the dopaminergic system in USV emission. Finally, brain tissue was collected to assess the change in tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) expression in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and c-Fos expression in brain areas involved in emotional pain processing, including the prefrontal cortex (PFC), amygdala, and NAc. The results showed that CCI-ION rats presented mechanical hyperalgesia and a significant reduction of environmental-induced 50 kHz USV. Amphetamine caused a marked increase in 50 kHz USV emission in CCI-ION rats. In addition, TH expression was lower in constricted animals and c-Fos analysis revealed an increase in neuronal activation. Taken together, these data indicate that CCI-ION causes a reduction in the emission of environmental-induced appetitive calls concomitantly with facial mechanical hyperalgesia and that both changes may be related to a reduction in the mesolimbic dopaminergic activity.
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Schwartzman, Robert J. "Skin Biopsy in Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: Case Series and Literature Review." Pain Physician 3;15, no. 3;5 (May 14, 2012): 255–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.36076/ppj.2012/15/255.
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Background: Accumulating experimental and clinical evidence supports the hypothesis that complex regional pain syndrome type I (CRPS-I) may be a small fiber neuropathy. Objectives: To evaluate the use of commercially available standard biopsy methods to detect intradermal axon pathology in CRPS-I, and to ascertain if these structural changes can explain quantitative sensory testing (QST) findings in CRPS-I. Study Design: Retrospective review of charts and laboratory data. Setting: Outpatient clinic Methods: Skin biopsies from 43 patients with CRPS-I were stained with PGP 9.5, and epidermal nerve fiber density, sweat gland nerve fiber density and morphological abnormalities were evaluated. Thirty-five patients had quantitative sensory testing. Results: Alterations in skin innervation were seen in approximately 20% of CRPS-I patients with commercial processing. There were no patient characteristics, including duration of disease, that predicted a decreased epidermal nerve fiber density (ENFD). There was no consistent relationship between QST changes and ENFD measured by standard commercial skin biopsy evaluation procedures. Limitations: Commercial processing of tissue does not utilize stereologic quantitative analysis of nerve fiber density. Biopsy material is utilized from a proximal and distal source only, and differences in denervation of a partial nerve territory may be missed. The functional attributes of small fibers cannot be assessed. Conclusions: The negative results indicate that CRPS-I may be associated with changes in the ultramicroscopic small fiber structure that cannot be visualized with commercially available techniques. Alternatively, functional rather than structural alterations of small fibers or pathological changes at a more proximal site such as the spinal cord or brain may be responsible for the syndrome. Key words: Complex Regional Pain Syndrome, CRPS-1, CRPS, skin biopsy, epidermal nerve fiber density, sweat gland nerve fiber density, quantitative sensory testing.
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Prasojo, Prasojo, and Muhammad Yusuf Shalihin. "MENILAI EFEK MODERASI DARI TATA KELOLA PERUSAHAAN PADA HUBUNGAN INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL DAN KINERJA PASAR." Jurnal Magister Akuntansi Trisakti 9, no. 1 (March 31, 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.25105/jmat.v9i1.8720.
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This study relates the relationship between Intellectual Capital (IC) and the company's market performance as moderated by corporate governance. The results of this study prove that the total value-added intellectual capital (VAIC) does not have a significant effect on the company's market performance. Partially only CEE has a significant positive effect on the company's market performance. HCE has a negative and significant relationship, meanwhile, SCE has a positive but insignificant correlation to the company's market performance. The samples used in this study were all companies included in the LQ45 index category in the 2015-2018 period. Statistical data processing is carried out through panel data testing with the fixed-effect method. The research contributes to potential investors in making investment decisions by considering the existence of IC and corporate governance as part of the investor analysis. The results of this study are also expected to provide empirical evidence about the relationship between IC, CG, and market performance in Indonesia. These findings will expand the IC literature in business operations in Indonesia concerning the role of IC on its direct impact on market performance. Contribution to regulators, disclosure, and presentation of IC is related to PSAK 19 which has been adopted from IAS 38.
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Bahri, Saiful, Benyamin Situmorang, and Darwin Darwin. "THE IMPACT OF INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION, A CREATIVE MINDSET, WORK ETHICS, AND JOB SATISFACTION ON THE PERFORMANCE OF JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL TEACHERS IN LHOKSEUMAWE." Jurnal As-Salam 6, no. 2 (November 11, 2022): 202–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.37249/assalam.v6i2.448.
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This study seeks to learn about: (1) Innovative work ethic attitudes, (2) Interpersonal interactions about work ethics, (3) A creative approach to job satisfaction (4) Personal interactions that contribute to job satisfaction. 5) The impact of a creative mindset, effective interpersonal communication, a strong work ethic, and job happiness on teachers' effectiveness. Using quantitative methods, a survey approach, a population of 584 teachers, a sample of 237 teachers, a proportional random sampling technique based on the provisions of the model by Slovin, a questionnaire data collection technique called the "Likert scale," and plans for path analysis data processing, this research was carried out at public junior high schools in Lhokseumawe. The direct effect of innovation on work ethic is 0.048; the direct influence of interpersonal communication on work ethic is 0.05; the immediate impact of innovation on job satisfaction is 0.019; the direct impact of interpersonal communication on job satisfaction is 0.04; the direct effect of innovation on teacher performance is 0.22; the direct influence of interpersonal communication on performance is 0.04; these are just a few of the research findings. Concurrent research findings A total of 0.53 of the characteristics that directly affect teacher performance are innovative attitude, interpersonal communication, work ethic, and job satisfaction; the remaining 0.47 is affected by other factors.
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Lee, UnCheol, and George A. Mashour. "Role of Network Science in the Study of Anesthetic State Transitions." Anesthesiology 129, no. 5 (November 1, 2018): 1029–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aln.0000000000002228.
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Abstract The heterogeneity of molecular mechanisms, target neural circuits, and neurophysiologic effects of general anesthetics makes it difficult to develop a reliable and drug-invariant index of general anesthesia. No single brain region or mechanism has been identified as the neural correlate of consciousness, suggesting that consciousness might emerge through complex interactions of spatially and temporally distributed brain functions. The goal of this review article is to introduce the basic concepts of networks and explain why the application of network science to general anesthesia could be a pathway to discover a fundamental mechanism of anesthetic-induced unconsciousness. This article reviews data suggesting that reduced network efficiency, constrained network repertoires, and changes in cortical dynamics create inhospitable conditions for information processing and transfer, which lead to unconsciousness. This review proposes that network science is not just a useful tool but a necessary theoretical framework and method to uncover common principles of anesthetic-induced unconsciousness.
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Telaumbanua, Iman Setia, and Manat Siahaan. "PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KONSTRUKTIVISME BAGI PEMBELAJARAN PAK ANAK USIA 8 SAMPAI 10 TAHUN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA ONLINE." Jurnal Dinamika Pendidikan 15, no. 2 (November 28, 2022): 90–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.51212/jdp.v15i2.108.
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Constructivism learning model is an independent learning model for students. The independence of students in learning refers to the activeness of students to seek various information and learning resources, so that students do not only depend on the teaching materials delivered by the teacher. Due to the existence of a very adequate internet network in this 4.0 era, which presents various features and services for users. So, this is very helpful for students in finding information and various learning literacy. So that students do not have difficulty learning specifically in the PAK learning process. However, to avoid mistakes and apply students in interpreting and analyzing the information obtained, the role of the PAK teacher is very necessary to monitor, align and guide students in processing each of the information. considering the information or data obtained from different sources. The purpose of this study is to describe the role model of constructivism learning to increase students' interest and enthusiasm for learning in the online PAK learning model.
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Dolatshad, H., A. Pellagatti, M. Fernandez-Mercado, B. H. Yip, L. Malcovati, M. Attwood, B. Przychodzen, et al. "Disruption of SF3B1 results in deregulated expression and splicing of key genes and pathways in myelodysplastic syndrome hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells." Leukemia 29, no. 5 (November 27, 2014): 1092–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/leu.2014.331.
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Abstract The splicing factor SF3B1 is the most commonly mutated gene in the myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), particularly in patients with refractory anemia with ring sideroblasts (RARS). We investigated the functional effects of SF3B1 disruption in myeloid cell lines: SF3B1 knockdown resulted in growth inhibition, cell cycle arrest and impaired erythroid differentiation and deregulation of many genes and pathways, including cell cycle regulation and RNA processing. MDS is a disorder of the hematopoietic stem cell and we thus studied the transcriptome of CD34+ cells from MDS patients with SF3B1 mutations using RNA sequencing. Genes significantly differentially expressed at the transcript and/or exon level in SF3B1 mutant compared with wild-type cases include genes that are involved in MDS pathogenesis (ASXL1 and CBL), iron homeostasis and mitochondrial metabolism (ALAS2, ABCB7 and SLC25A37) and RNA splicing/processing (PRPF8 and HNRNPD). Many genes regulated by a DNA damage-induced BRCA1–BCLAF1–SF3B1 protein complex showed differential expression/splicing in SF3B1 mutant cases. This is the first study to determine the target genes of SF3B1 mutation in MDS CD34+ cells. Our data indicate that SF3B1 has a critical role in MDS by affecting the expression and splicing of genes involved in specific cellular processes/pathways, many of which are relevant to the known RARS pathophysiology, suggesting a causal link.
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Arisandi, Bustomi, Mashudi Mashudi, and Imamul Muttaqin. "Analysis of Islamic Economic on Production Management of Home Industry Farmers Group Ambudi Makmur 2 Kramat Bangkalan." Al-Insyiroh: Jurnal Studi Keislaman 7, no. 2 (September 19, 2021): 144–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.35309/alinsyiroh.v7i2.4704.
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The background of this study is because of the number of Salak fruits in wrong treatment so that the group of farmers work together to make the fruits into several processed products. Home industy of farmers group Ambudi Makmur 2 Kramat Bangkalan is one of home industries in Bangkalan district; this company is engaged in the production and processing of salak. The company has 13 products from the processed salak good management is needed to make the production activities run optimally. Besides, it is also supported by the alignment of production factors so that the production activities are in accordance with the targets of expectation. Because it affects the income and progress of the company, this type of the study is included in field research. To obtain the data in this study, the present study used interview, observation and documentation. Meanwhile, in analyzing the data, this study used qualitative approach such as describing the object according to the actual fenomena. Based on the results of the research that the home industry or Unit Dagang (UD), Budy Jaya has carried out production management properly and does not against the Islamic economic principles, where in production activities uses clean and halal raw materials and equipments. This is done to provide the best hospitality for the benefit of the people. Keywords: Management, production, processed salak, Islamic Economy.
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Wang, Haili. "Evidence of Specific Cognitive Deficits in Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain under Long-Term Substitution Treatment of Opioids." Pain Physician 17;1, no. 1;17 (January 14, 2014): 9–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.36076/ppj.2014/17/9.
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Background: There is a growing number of patients worldwide being treated with longterm opioids for chronic non-cancer pain, although there is limited evidence for their effectiveness in improving pain and function. Opioid-use related adverse effects, especially in cognitive functioning in these patients, are rarely evaluated. Objectives: The present study investigated the cognitive functions of patients with chronic back pain who underwent long-term opioid treatment in comparison with those patients without opioid usage and healthy controls. Study Design: A prospective, nonrandomized, cross-sectional study. Setting: Multidisciplinary pain management clinic, specialty referral center, University Hospital in Germany. Methods: In a prospective cross-sectional design, 37 patients with chronic back pain who underwent long-term opioid therapy (OP) were compared with 33 patients with chronic back pain without opioid therapy (NO) and 25 healthy controls (HC). Assessment of primary outcome included cognitive function such as information processing speed, choice reaction time, pattern recognition memory, and executive function. Other data included pain, back function, depression and anxiety, use of medication, and education status. The relationship between cognitive functions and anxiety/depression was analysed. Results: Both patient groups needed significantly longer time in information processing when compared to HC (Group 1: 41.87 ± 20.47 Group 2: 38.29 ± 19.99 Group 3: 30.25 ± 14.19). Additionally, OP patients had significantly reduced spatial memory capacity, flexibility for concept change, and impaired performance in working memory assessment compared to NO patients and HC. The impaired cognitive outcomes were significantly associated with pain intensity, depression scores, and medication use. Limitations: Limitations include small number of patients with heterogeneous opioid therapy and the nonrandomized observational nature of the study. Conclusions: Our findings give a differential view into the cognitive changes from chronic back pain with and without long-term opioids treatment. Chronic back pain itself impairs some distinct cognitive functions. Long-term opioid therapy adds further cognitive impairment. Key words: Long-term opioid therapy, chronic back pain, cognitive dysfunction
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Muhibddin, Muhibuddin, and M. Arief Mufraini. "Intellectual Capital and Good Corporate Governance Structure on Financial Performance at Islamic Commercial Banks in Indonesia." Al-Insyiroh: Jurnal Studi Keislaman 8, no. 1 (March 22, 2022): 149–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.35309/alinsyiroh.v8i1.5235.
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This research article was intended to determine the significance of the influence provided by factors on the financial performance of Islamic commercial banks, which include Intellectual Capital (IC) and Good Corporate Governance (GCG). The subjects involved in this research were Islamic banking in Indonesia which had published its 2019 financial reports. The samples in this research were determined by purposive sampling method, which was based on the criteria that had been determined in this research. Regarding to the sample selection process, there were only 13 companies that published 2019 financial statements. This research was successfully carried out by using Component Based SEM with PLS as a data processing and analysis tool. The results of this research inferred that there was a positive influence of Intellectual Capital and Good Corporate Governance Structure on the Financial Performance of Islamic Commercial Banks in Indonesia. This research provided positive implications for Islamic banks that have seriously managed good Intellectual Capital by implementing a Good Corporate Governance structure that is simultaneously able to increase the company’s financial performance.
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Meszlényi, György, and Enikő Bitay. "Analyis of Fibre Laser’s Optical Construction from the End of the Beam Guiding Optical Fibre to the Focal Spot." Acta Materialia Transylvanica 5, no. 2 (October 1, 2022): 72–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.33924/amt-2022-02-05.
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Abstract In material-processing fiber lasers, the resonator in the closed box produces the laser radiation. Even with the same resonator, the diameter of the laser beam transporting fiber optics and the properties of the optical elements in the laser focusing head decide the cross-section of the focused laser beam used for machining. If we summarize the formulas in different sources in the literature, we can predict the effect of each optical element: what will happen if we choose another focusing lens, put a beam expander in the system, set on the beam expander how many times the laser beam expands. The other important point is that if we want to repeat an experiment or start a production process based on a scientific publication, then in addition to the resonator, it would be good to know the data of the optical elements in the focusing head, which is usually incomplete in the presented articles, but we can determine them approximately using the four formulas listed in the article.
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Anatolii, Demidenko, and Kuznetsov Ilia. "Experimental study of thawed soil cutting with a cutting tool of an excavator milling attachment." Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii. Gornyi zhurnal, no. 3 (June 20, 2022): 32–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21440/0536-1028-2022-3-32-43.
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Introduction. An analysis of domestic and foreign experimental studies revealed that the process of thawed soil cutting with conical cutters has been poorly studied. New studies make it possible to confirm the adequacy of the mathematical model of the excavator milling attachment. Methods of research. A special facility based on a mine cart mounted on a rail track was designed. The experimental facility and conditions were described. Main physical and mechanical properties of the soil were determined to improve the results accuracy. A full factorial experiment with two independent variables was carried out at the laboratory of the Siberian State Automobile and Highway University to confirm the adequacy of the developed mathematical model. Results and analysis. The values of the cutting forces are obtained for a certain range of cutting speeds and different cutting angles. Mean-square deviation of the results is 0.028, Student's t-test is 1.71, which confirms the data reliability. The result matrices have a slight deviation from the mean value, which is explained by random input in the course of the experiment. An analysis of the experimental results revealed that the cutting speed has a significant effect on the cutting resistance force. The cutting resistance force increases up to 2 times with an increase in cutting speed. The cutting resistance force decreases slightly with a decrease in the cutting angle. Conclusions and scope of the results. Experimental studies make it possible to confirm the adequacy of the developed mathematical model. Experimental results assessment indicates the reliability of the obtained values. Experimental data deviations from the expectation are random, so the data obtained are suitable for further processing
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Chan, Defri Muhammad, Herman Mawengkang, and Sawaluddin Nasution. "Measurement of DEA-Based ICT Development Efficiency Level with Modified CCR Method." Jurnal Varian 6, no. 1 (November 23, 2022): 97–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.30812/varian.v6i1.2197.
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Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is the use of non-parametric mathematical programming that is useful for measuring the efficiency of the Decision Making Unit (DMU) of an organization. This study uses the Cooper and Rhodes (CCR) method known as the DEA-CCR multiplier which aims to determine the weight value of each input and output variable of the DMU being evaluated, but it is not sufficient to measure efficiency optimization. To get an efficient value of the weight value of each DMU as a reference to get updated DMU input and output values. So that the DMU efficiency value is obtained which is evaluated. The results of this study show how to modify the Multiplier Model-CCR into the Envelopment Model-CCR. Then displays the efficient level DMU which is evaluated as a result of the weight each DMU gets from the results of processing the LINDO application. Illustrations of changes in input variables and output variables are displayed in the form of tables and figures before and after the changes. The modified DEA-CCR model can also complete DMU super efficiency, effectiveness and productivity.
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Krauss, Joachim K. "Subtle Sensory Abnormalities Detected by Quantitative Sensory Testing in Patients with Trigeminal Neuralgia." Pain Physician 7;19, no. 7;9 (September 14, 2016): 507–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.36076/ppj/2016.19.507.
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Background: Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is characterized by paroxysmal pain attacks affecting the somatosensory distributions of the trigeminal nerve. It is thought to be associated with a neurovascular conflict most frequently, but pathomechanisms have not been fully elucidated. In general, no sensory deficit is found in routine clinical examination. There is limited data available, however, showing subtle subclinical sensory deficits upon extensive testing. Objective: We used quantitative sensory testing (QST) to detect abnormalities in sensory processing in patients with TN by comparing the affected and non-affected nerve branches with their contralateral counterparts and by comparing the results of the patients with those of controls. Study Design: Observational study. Setting: University Hospital, Departments of Neurosurgery, Institute for Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience. Methods: QST was conducted on 48 patients with idiopathic TN and 27 controls matched for age and gender using the standardized protocol of the German Neuropathic Pain Network. Stimulations were performed bilaterally in the distribution of the trigeminal branches. The patients had no prior invasive treatment, and medications at the time of examination were noted. Results: In patients with TN deficits in warm and cold sensory detection thresholds in the affected and also the non-affected nerve branches were found. Tactile sensation thresholds were elevated in the involved nerve branches compared to the contralateral side. Limitations: More data are needed on the correlation of such findings with the length of history of TN and with changes of the morphology of the trigeminal nerve. Conclusions: QST shows subtle sensory abnormalities in patients with TN despite not being detected in routine clinical examination. Our data may provide a basis for further research on the development of TN and also on improvement after treatment. Key words: Quantitative sensory testing, trigeminal neuralgia, facial pain, neuropathic pain, microvascular decompression, cranial nerve
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Febrianti, Yuli, Yuni Krisnawati, and Reny Dwi Riastuti. "Pengetahuan Masyarakat terhadap Pemanfaatan Bambu sebagai Tumbuhan Obat." BIOEDUSAINS:Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi dan Sains 5, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 221–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.31539/bioedusains.v5i1.3616.
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This study aims to analyze the knowledge and perceptions of the community in the Curug Embun Waterfall area about the use of bamboo as a medicinal plant for the development of medicinal plant programs. The method used is descriptive qualitative through four stages: collecting secondary data in the form of literature studies, field observations, interviews with respondents, taking medicinal plant data, processing and analyzing all data obtained in the previous stage. The results showed that the leaves, stems and roots of bamboo apus or pring tali (Gigantochloa apus), black bamboo or pring wulung (Gigantochloa atroviolacea), bamboo ater or pring ater (Gigantchloa atter), bamboo andong or pring lorek (Gigantochloa pseudoarundinacea), bamboo aor or pring ampel ijo (Bambusa vulgaris), bamboo china or pring fishing (Bambusa multiplex), bamboo betung or pring betung (Dendrocalamus asper), bamboo tamiang or pring flute (Schizostachyum blumei) are used by the community as medicine by boiling and cooking on the frequency of use. As for how to use it to treat various diseases, namely boiling and cooking with the highest frequency of use, namely the apus bamboo species or pring tali (Gigantochloa apus) and Chinese bamboo or fishing rods (Bambusa multiplex) which is 15 with a percentage of 93.75. In conclusion, public knowledge of the types and benefits of bamboo plants as medicinal plants is relatively high. A total of 8 species of bamboo plants have been identified from 4 genera that the public has recognized as medicinal plants. Respondents' perceptions of medicinal plants have a positive effect namely, they consider medicinal plants to be safe for consumption, have no side effects, are cheap, practical, are found in the surrounding environment and feel beneficial for the body.
Keywords: Bamboo, Knowledge, Utilization, Perception, Medicinal Plants
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Li, Jerry, Maham Zain, and Robert P. Bonin. "Differential modulation of thermal preference after sensitization by optogenetic or pharmacological activation of heat-sensitive nociceptors." Molecular Pain 17 (January 2021): 174480692110009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17448069211000910.
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Common approaches to studying mechanisms of chronic pain and sensory changes in pre-clinical animal models involve measurement of acute, reflexive withdrawal responses evoked by noxious stimuli. These methods typically do not capture more subtle changes in sensory processing nor report on the consequent behavioral changes. In addition, data collection and analysis protocols are often labour-intensive and require direct investigator interactions, potentially introducing bias. In this study, we develop and characterize a low-cost, easily assembled behavioral assay that yields self-reported temperature preference from mice that is responsive to peripheral sensitization. This system uses a partially automated and freely available analysis pipeline to streamline the data collection process and enable objective analysis. We found that after intraplantar administration of the TrpV1 agonist, capsaicin, mice preferred to stay in cooler temperatures than saline injected mice. We further observed that gabapentin, a non-opioid analgesic commonly prescribed to treat chronic pain, reversed this aversion to higher temperatures. In contrast, optogenetic activation of the central terminals of TrpV1+ primary afferents via in vivo spinal light delivery did not induce a similar change in thermal preference, indicating a possible role for peripheral nociceptor activity in the modulation of temperature preference. We conclude that this easily produced and robust sensory assay provides an alternative approach to investigate the contribution of central and peripheral mechanisms of sensory processing that does not rely on reflexive responses evoked by noxious stimuli.
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Muta'ali, Sri, and Sofyan Sauri. "THE INFLUENCE OF TA'BIR SYAFAWI ON SIMPLE ARABIC SPEAKING SKILLS IN THIRD GRADE AT EL-FITRA ELEMENTARY SCHOOL." Jurnal As-Salam 6, no. 2 (December 28, 2022): 244–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.37249/assalam.v6i2.512.
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Language is an essential and valuable communication tool for fostering mutual understanding in our actions. Children must be taught language skills from a young age, which can be accomplished through schooling. To improve the students' speaking skills, the researchers presented the study on the influence of simple Arabic speaking skills utilizing the Ta'bir Syafawi method in third grade at El-Fitra elementary school. The author used the t-test to see how the results of the Ta'bir Syafawi method influence the students' Arabic speaking skills. The research employed a quantitative method with data processing that utilized the SPSS application function version 20. There were 84 students in the third grade at El-Fitra elementary school, with 56 students divided into two study groups (classes) in class 3A and class 3B. The results showed that the t-test in the experimental class was 0.0000, which is more than 0.05 as a standard (rule) in concluding a hypothesis. Because 0.0000 < 0.05, it can be concluded that applying the Ta'bir Syafawi method influences the speaking skill proficiency of El-Fitra elementary school students in the third grade. Therefore, the method must be applied in learning Arabic to influence the students' Arabic skills, especially speaking skills.
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Saetgaraev, A. K., I. L. Maximov, I. I. Zakirov, I. V. Shaymardanov, I. A. Grigoreva, and M. E. Guryleva. "Inclusion of the prepared patient relatives in the process of early rehabilitation of onco-surgical patients in the department of anesthesiology and intensive care." Kazan medical journal 102, no. 3 (June 10, 2021): 373–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kmj2021-373.
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Aim. To study the influence of the trained environment of geriatric onco-surgical patients on the quality of the interventions in the complex of early postoperative rehabilitation in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU).
Methods. The 96 patients aged 73.37.1 years operated on in the emergency onco-surgery clinic of the Tatarstan Cancer Center of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan between 2016 and 2020. Patients, similar in age and condition (American Society of Anaesthesiologists Physical Status category IIIE) were divided into three equal groups: the first group generally accepted measures for early rehabilitation were carried out by medical staff; the second group the prepared relatives of the patient was additionally involved in rehabilitation; the control group early rehabilitation was not carried out. The quality of nutritional support and measures to prevent pressure ulcers, cognitive function were assessed. Statistical processing was performed by using Microsoft Excel 2007 and IBM SPSS Statistics version 20 software. The statistical significance of data was determined by using the chi-square test at p 0.05.
Results. The involvement of previously trained relatives made it possible to reduce the incidence of pressure ulcers grade IV to 0%. There was a significant difference in the volume of assimilated enteral oral feeding (180.620.8; 240.620.8; 80.510.2; p 0.05) and the serum albumin level by 11 days after surgery (26.81.5; 28.91.2; 24.21.1 g/L, respectively; p 0.05). Assimilation of enteral oral feeding improved 3 times compared with the control group and 1.5 times compared with the first group (p 0.05). Indicators of cognitive status by the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) on the 6th day were 23.31.1; 25.31.1; 21.21.2 (p 0.05), respectively.
Conclusion. A rationally organized preparation of the patient's environment for the implementation of care, participation in rehabilitation measures and the prevention of complications can improve outcomes of medical intervention and reduce the incidence of postoperative complications.
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Kolesar, Tiffany A., Elena Bilevicius, and Jennifer Kornelsen. "Salience, central executive, and sensorimotor network functional connectivity alterations in failed back surgery syndrome." Scandinavian Journal of Pain 16, no. 1 (July 1, 2017): 10–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sjpain.2017.01.008.
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AbstractObjectiveThis study examined the altered patterns of functional connectivity in task-positive resting state networks in failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS) patients compared to healthy controls using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). This work stems from a previous study in which alterations in the task-negative default mode network were investigated.DesignParticipants underwent a 7-minute resting state fMRI scan in which they lay still, with eyes closed, in the absence of a task.SettingScanning took place at the National Research Council’s 3 Tesla MRI magnet in Winnipeg, Canada.SubjectsFourteen patients with FBSS and age- and gender-matched controls participated in this study. Three patients were removed from the analyses due to image artefact (n = 1) and effective pain treatment (n = 2). Eleven patients (5 female, mean age 52.7 years) and their matched controls were included in the final analyses.MethodsResting state fMRI data were analyzed using an independent component analysis, yielding three resting state networks of interest: the salience network (SN), involved in detection of external stimuli, central executive network (CEN), involved in cognitions, and sensorimotor network (SeN), involved in sensory and motor integration. Analysis of Variance contrasts were performed for each network, comparing functional connectivity differences between FBSS patients and healthy controls.ResultsAlterations were observed in all three resting state networks, primarily relating to pain and its processing in the FBSS group. Specifically, compared to healthy controls, FBSS patients demonstrated increased functional connectivity in the anterior cingulate cortex within the SN, medial frontal gyrus in the CEN, and precentral gyrus within the SeN. FBSS patients also demonstrated decreased functional connectivity in the medial frontal gyrus in the SeN compared to healthy controls. Interestingly, we also observed internetwork functional connectivity in the SN and SeN.ConclusionsFBSS is associated with altered patterns of functional connectivity in the SN, CEN, and SeN. Taken together with our previous work, this reveals that a chronic pain condition can have a dramatic effect on the connectivity of multiple resting state networks.ImplicationsThese data suggest that a chronic pain condition—FBSS—is associated with disruptions to networks of functional connectivity in brain areas that are involved in numerous functions, including pain processing, sensation, and movement. It is possible that the alterations in these networks may contribute to other common chronic pain comorbidities, such as disrupted cognitions or anxiety. Previous research shows that during experimentally-induced pain, these networks can return to initial levels of functioning, indicating that these functional alterations are likely not permanent.
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Camenzind, Vladimir, Thomas Bombeli, Burkhardt Seifert, Marina Jamnicki, Dragoljub Popovic, Thomas Pasch, and Donat R. Spahn. "Citrate Storage Affects Thrombelastograph®Analysis." Anesthesiology 92, no. 5 (May 1, 2000): 1242–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200005000-00011.
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Background Thrombelastograph analysis (TEG) is used to evaluate blood coagulation. Ideally, whole blood is immediately processed. If impossible, blood may be citrated and assessed after recalcification. No data describe the effect of such treatment and storage on TEG parameters. Methods Three studies were performed in 90 surgical patients. In 30 patients, blood was citrated (1:10, 0. 129 M) and recalcified (20 microl 2 M CaCl2 to 340 microl citrated blood), and TEG was performed with native blood and after recalcification after 0, 15, and 30 min of citrate storage. In another 30 patients, TEG was performed with citrated blood recalcified immediately and after 1-72 h storage. In a third study, thrombin-antithrombin complex, prothrombin fragment 1+2, and beta-thromboglobulin were measured (using enzyme-linked immunoabsorbant assay tests) at corresponding time points. Data were compared using repeated-measures analysis of variance and post hocpaired t tests. Results TEG parameters were different in recalcified citrated blood compared with native blood (P < 0.05) and changed significantly during 30-min (P < 0.025) and 72-h (P < 0.001) citrate storage. TEG parameters measured between 1 and 8 h of citrate storage were stable. Thrombin-antithrombin complex and prothrombin fragment 1+2 values were not elevated in native blood. After 30 min of citrate storage a gradual thrombin activation was observed, as evidenced by increasing thrombin-antithrombin complex and prothrombin fragment 1+2 values (P < 0.05). beta-Thromboglobulin level was increased after 2 and 8 h of citrate storage (P < 0.01). Conclusions Analysis of native blood yields the most reliable TEG results. Should immediate TEG processing not be possible, citrated blood may be used if recalcified after 1-8 h.
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Liu, Xinyue, Jing Ji, and Guo-Qing Zhao. "General anesthesia affecting on developing brain: evidence from animal to clinical research." Journal of Anesthesia 34, no. 5 (June 29, 2020): 765–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00540-020-02812-9.
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Abstract As the recent update of General anaesthesia compared to spinal anaesthesia (GAS) studies has been published in 2019, together with other clinical evidence, the human studies provided an overwhelming mixed evidence of an association between anaesthesia exposure in early childhood and later neurodevelopment changes in children. Pre-clinical studies in animals provided strong evidence on how anaesthetic and sedative agents (ASAs) causing neurotoxicity in developing brain and deficits in long-term cognitive functions. However pre-clinical results cannot translate to clinical practice directly. Three well designed large population-based human studies strongly indicated that a single brief exposure to general anesthesia (GAs) is not associated with any long-term neurodevelopment deficits in children’s brain. Multiple exposure might cause decrease in processing speed and motor skills of children. However, the association between GAs and neurodevelopment in children is still inconclusive. More clinical studies with larger scale observations, randomized trials with longer duration exposure of GAs and follow-ups, more sensitive outcome measurements, and strict confounder controls are needed in the future to provide more conclusive and informative data. New research area has been developed to contribute in finding solutions for clinical practice as attenuating the neurotoxic effect of ASAs. Xenon and Dexmedetomidine are already used in clinical setting as neuroprotection and anaesthetic sparing-effect, but more research is still needed.
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Rasouli, Omid, Egil A. Fors, Ottar Vasseljen, and Ann-Katrin Stensdotter. "A Concurrent Cognitive Task Does Not Perturb Quiet Standing in Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome." Pain Research and Management 2018 (August 7, 2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9014232.
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Background and Objectives. Cognitive complaints are common in fibromyalgia (FM) and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). Fatigue as well as pain may require greater effort to perform cognitive tasks, thereby increasing the load on processing in the central nervous system and interfering with motor control.Methods. The effect of a concurrent arithmetic cognitive task on postural control during quiet standing was investigated in 75 women (aged 19–49 years) and compared between FM, CFS, and matched controls (n=25/group). Quiet standing on a force plate was performed for 60 s/condition, with and without a concurrent cognitive task. The center of pressure data was decomposed into a slow component and a fast component representing postural sway and adjusting ankle torque.Results. Compared to controls, CFS and FM displayed lower frequency in the slow component (p<0.001), and CFS displayed greater amplitude in the slow (p=0.038andp=0.018) and fast (p=0.045) components. There were no interactions indicating different responses to the added cognitive task between any of the three groups.Conclusion. Patients displayed insufficient postural control across both conditions, while the concurrent cognitive task did not perturb quiet standing. Fatigue but not pain correlated with postural control variables.
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M D, Gangadevi. "BIG DATA ANALYSIS AND CLOUD IN THE APPLICATIONS OF HEALTHCARE." International Journal of Engineering Applied Sciences and Technology 6, no. 6 (October 1, 2021): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.33564/ijeast.2021.v06i06.015.
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Big Data that either is too large, grows too fast or does not fit into traditional architectures. Within such data, there can be valuable information that discovered through data analysis. Big data now available for analytics present complex, daunting challenges due to the vast number of digital data generated daily by different organizations. The vast amount of data has improved the global community’s ability to defend and allow for progress of rights of vulnerable people around the globe. Moreover, if big data processing is to improve lives, its existing data gathering methods should assist humanitarian affairs and not replace them. Therefore, finding ways to increase humanitarian services with data, highlighting the importance of big data are critically important. Difficulties include capture, storage, search, sharing, analytics, and visualizing. In this paper, we analyze four different papers and reveal the benefits of Big Data Analytics and Cloud in the applications of Healthcare where the data flow to and from is in massive volume. Numerous organizations have escaped the frustrations of their first-generation data warehouses by replacing older database technologies with significant data which is unstructured in a scalable, error tolerant and efficient way. The purpose of this paper is to propose a big data platform for large-scale data analysis by using the Map Reduce framework for unstructured data stored into integrating distributed clustered systems such as NoSQL (NotOnlySQL) and Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS).
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Mason, Kayleigh J., Terence W. O’Neill, Mark Lunt, Anthony K. P. Jones, and John McBeth. "Psychosocial factors partially mediate the relationship between mechanical hyperalgesia and self-reported pain." Scandinavian Journal of Pain 18, no. 1 (January 26, 2018): 59–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sjpain-2017-0109.
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Abstract Background and aims: Amplification of sensory signalling within the nervous system along with psychosocial factors contributes to the variation and severity of knee pain. Quantitative sensory testing (QST) is a non-invasive test battery that assesses sensory perception of thermal, pressure, mechanical and vibration stimuli used in the assessment of pain. Psychosocial factors also have an important role in explaining the occurrence of pain. The aim was to determine whether QST measures were associated with self-reported pain, and whether those associations were mediated by psychosocial factors. Methods: Participants with knee pain identified from a population-based cohort completed a tender point count and a reduced QST battery of thermal, mechanical and pressure pain thresholds, temporal summation, mechanical pain sensitivity (MPS), dynamic mechanical allodynia (DMA) and vibration detection threshold performed following the protocol by the German Research Network on Neuropathic Pain. QST assessments were performed at the most painful knee and opposite forearm (if pain-free). Participants were asked to score for their global and knee pain intensities within the past month (range 0–10), and complete questionnaire items investigating anxiety, depression, illness perceptions, pain catastrophising, and physical functioning. QST measures (independent variable) significantly correlated (Spearman’s rho) with self-reported pain intensity (dependent variable) were included in structural equation models with psychosocial factors (latent mediators). Results: Seventy-two participants were recruited with 61 participants (36 women; median age 64 years) with complete data included in subsequent analyses. Tender point count was significantly correlated with global pain intensity. DMA at the knee and MPS at the most painful knee and opposite pain-free forearm were significantly correlated with both global pain and knee pain intensities. Psychosocial factors including pain catastrophising sub-scales (rumination and helplessness) and illness perceptions (consequences and concern) were significant partial mediators of the association with global pain intensity when loaded on to a latent mediator for: tender point count [75% total effect; 95% confidence interval (CI) 22%, 100%]; MPS at the knee (49%; 12%, 86%); and DMA at the knee (63%; 5%, 100%). Latent psychosocial factors were also significant partial mediators of the association between pain intensity at the tested knee with MPS at the knee (30%; 2%, 58%), but not for DMA at the knee. Conclusions: Measures of mechanical hyperalgesia at the most painful knee and pain-free opposite forearm were associated with increased knee and global pain indicative of altered central processing. Psychosocial factors were significant partial mediators, highlighting the importance of the central integration of emotional processing in pain perception. Implications: Associations between mechanical hyperalgesia at the forearm and knee, psychosocial factors and increased levels of clinical global and knee pain intensity provide evidence of altered central processing as a key mechanism in knee pain, with psychological factors playing a key role in the expression of clinical pain.