Journal articles: 'Andaman Island'

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Patankar, Vardhan, Tanmay Wagh, and Aniruddha Marathe. "Protected areas and benthic characteristics influence the distribution of the Vulnerable bumphead parrotfish Bolbometopon muricatum in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India." Oryx 54, no. 4 (February 28, 2019): 564–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605318000376.

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AbstractThe Vulnerable bumphead parrotfish Bolbometopon muricatum, a highly prized fishery resource worldwide, has experienced population declines throughout its geographical range. There is limited knowledge of the distribution and abundance of, and threats to, this fish in Indian waters, particularly for the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. To assess the species’ distribution and conservation status we conducted underwater surveys across 75 sites around 51 islands and interviewed 99 fishers across the Andaman and Nicobar archipelago. We recorded a total of 59 individual B. muricatum across nine sites from the northernmost island in the Andamans (Landfall Island) to the southernmost island in the Nicobars (Great Nicobar Island). Interviews revealed that most fishers (100% in Nicobar, 94% in Middle Andaman, 62% in South Andaman) had seen B. muricatum, and knowledge of the species is highest amongst spearfishers. Generalized linear models indicated that presence of marine protected areas and high live coral cover influenced the abundance and distribution of B. muricatum. The species' density seems to be naturally low in the archipelago. We discuss our findings in the light of protecting rare and threatened species, and recommend strengthening the existing marine protected areas in these islands.

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Bheemalingappa, M., K. Prasad, M. Naik, M. V. Babu, and Boyina Rao. "True Mangroves of Havelock Island (Andaman Islands), India." Indian Journal of Forestry 40, no. 2 (June 1, 2017): 107–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps1000-2017-obka1t.

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Intensive explorations in Havelock Island (Andaman Islands) identified the presence of 29 true mangrove species which represent 63% of the total true mangrove species in India; 76% of Andaman and Nicobar islands and 83% of Andaman Islands. True mangroves include the significant species like Aegiceras corniculatum, Lumnitze raracemosa, Rhizophora mucronata and Sonneratia ovata. Brief description, phenology, distribution and photographs of selected mangrove species are provided.

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HARIKRISHNAN, S., KARTHIKEYAN VASUDEVAN, S. R. CHANDRAMOULI, B. C. CHOUDHURY, SUSHIL KUMAR DUTTA, and INDRANEIL DAS. "A new species of Coryphophylax Fitzinger in: Steindachner, 1867 (Sauria: Iguania: Agamidae) from the Andaman Islands, India." Zootaxa 3451, no. 1 (September 4, 2012): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3451.1.3.

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The systematic position of the agamid genus Coryphophylax (Squamata: Agamidae) is given as monotypic and endemicto the Andaman and Nicobar Islands in the Bay of Bengal, India. After having surveyed intensively in thirteen differentIslands and examined several individuals in the Andamans group of islands, we describe a second species ofCoryphophylax from the lowland rainforests of the South Andaman Island. Coryphophylax brevicaudus sp. nov. isdifferentiated from its congener, C. subcristatus (Blyth, “1860” 1861) by its smaller size, relatively shorter tail, presenceof nuchal and dorsal crests in both sexes, midbody scale row counts and colour pattern. The new species lives in sympatrywith C. subcristatus. The taxonomic history and systematic status of the genus Coryphophylax are discussed, and the need for continued surveys in the Islands is emphasized.

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Murty, C. V. R., Durgesh C. Rai, Sudhir K. Jain, Hemant B. Kaushik, Goutam Mondal, and Suresh R. Dash. "Performance of Structures in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands (India) during the December 2004 Great Sumatra Earthquake and Indian Ocean Tsunami." Earthquake Spectra 22, no. 3_suppl (June 2006): 321–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.2206122.

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The damage sustained by buildings and structures in the Andaman and Nicobar islands area was due to earthquake shaking and/or giant tsunami waves. While damage on Little Andaman Island and all the Nicobar Islands was predominantly tsunami-related, damage on islands north of Little Andaman Island was primarily due to earthquake shaking even though tsunami waves and high tides were also a concern. In general, the building stock consists of a large number of traditional and non-engineered structures. Many traditional structures are made of wood, and they performed well under the intensity-VII earthquake shaking sustained along the islands. However, a number of new reinforced concrete (RC) structures suffered severe damage or even collapse. Also, extensive damage occurred to the coastal and harbor structures in the Andaman and Nicobar islands.

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Rasingam, Ladan, and P. Diwakar. "Toxocarpus kleinii Wight & Arn. (Asclepiadaceae) – A new record for Andamans from Little Andaman Island, India." Indian Journal of Forestry 29, no. 4 (December 1, 2006): 443–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps1000-2006-b8356x.

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Toxocarpus kleinii Wight & Arn. (Asclepiadaceae) is described as a new record for Andamans from Little Andaman Island, India. Brief description along with citation and illustrations are provided for easy identification.

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Singh, Devendra Kumar, and Shuvadeep Majumdar. "Notes on Scarcely Collected Indian Liverworts III. Plagiochila kurzii (Plagiochilaceae, Marchantiophyta)." Indian Journal of Forestry 40, no. 2 (June 22, 2017): 155–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps1000-2017-fg70h3.

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Plagiochila kurzii Steph. is known in Indian bryoflora from South Andaman and Katchall Islands in Andaman & Nicobar. The species, last collected from Indian territory towards the close of nineteenth century, is recently rediscovered in the country from South Andaman Island after a gap of over eleven decades.

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B, Dr Treemurutulu. "Factors Relevant for the Development of Small Business Management in Andaman and Nicobar." International Journal of Management and Humanities 9, no. 7 (March 30, 2023): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijmh.g1582.039723.

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The paper explores the key factors relevant to the development of micro and small businesses in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. This study specifically focused on the relevant factors from the islands' perspectives. This study used primary sources of data collected in the South Andaman Islands (Andaman and Nicobar Islands), and the obtained data were analyzed using SPSS. The findings of the study proved that tourism business and marine and wood-based businesses have huge potential in the Andaman Islands. The study's findings highlighted the significance of subsidies and incentives for island promotion and sustainable development, which could be accomplished through capital investment, as well as transportation subsidies, which are critical for new and existing businesses on islands. Cargo transportation from the mainland to islands is the primary mode of sea transportation and the only mode between island regions. Under this situation, the Andaman and Nicobar Islands totally rely on manufacturing or service businesses as a lifeline. Hence, micro- and small businesses will play a vital role in employment generation, production, investments, and the growth of a small business. As a result, the administration of the islands should implement appropriate policy measures based on the relevant factors in the islands' region. The local administration needs to support and provide easy access to finance, transportation, and other facilities for small businesses in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

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Rasingam, L., J. Swamy, and S. Nagaraju. "Notes on the genus Tylophora R. Br. (Asclepiadaceae) of India." Bangladesh Journal of Plant Taxonomy 25, no. 1 (June 27, 2018): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpt.v25i1.37180.

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A new subspecies, Tylophora perakensis King & Gamble subsp. andamanica isdescribed and illustrated from Little Andaman Island, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India. A new combination, Tylophora hookeriana is proposed and the distributional status of T. indica Merr. var. intermedia M.A. Rahman & Wilcock is also discussed based on the fresh collections from Andaman Islands. Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 25(1): 51-56, 2018 (June)

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BEDJANIČ, M., V. J. KALKMAN, and K. A. SUBRAMANIAN. "A new species of Orthetrum Newman, 1833 (Odonata: Libellulidae) from the Andaman Islands, India." Zootaxa 4779, no. 1 (May 18, 2020): 91–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4779.1.6.

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Orthetrum andamanicum sp. nov. (holotype ♂: India, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, South Andaman island, Chidiyatapu, N 11.51, E 92.71; 08-xii-1998; deposited in RMNH, Leiden; RMNH.INS.1152911), is described as new to science. Based on additional photographic records, notes on mature males’ life colouration, distribution and habitat of this Andaman endemic are provided.

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PERUMAL, P., A. K. DE, D. BHATTACHARYA, JAI SUNDER, and A. KUNDU. "Haematology and biochemical profiles of endangered local cattle of Andaman and Nicobar Islands." Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 92, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 82–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v92i1.120930.

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Andaman and Nicobar Islands have two different genetic groups of cattle namely Andaman local cattle and Trinket cattle. Andaman local cattle are distributed in Andaman group of Islands and Campbell Bay of Nicobar group of Islands. Andaman local cattle are non-descriptive and represent an admixture of different Indian breeds that had been brought to these islands in different phases of inhabitation and rehabilitation of migrated people. It is believed that the Andaman local cattle have the inheritance from Red Sindhi, Sahiwal and Hariana. It is unique cattle, well adapted to special type of tropical humid island climatic and environmental condition. The present study was designed to standardise the normal reference haematological and biochemical range for different age groups of Andaman local cattle which were maintained in the South Andaman and North and Middle Andaman district, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India. In this study, haematological parameters, biochemical indices and antioxidant and oxidative stress profiles were estimated in healthy, normal physiological Andaman local cattle for different age groups. The present study results clearly indicated that the values of haematological, biochemical and antioxidant profiles were under the normal physiological range. These results of this study may serve as the reference values in which alterations due to metabolic, nutrient deficiency, physiological and health status can be compared for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes for Andaman local cattle in Andaman and Nicobar Islands and its neighbouring countries or other parts of the country with similar environmental and climatic conditions.

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Rajasekaran, Rajasekaran, and Dr R. KANNAN Dr. R. KANNAN. "Problems and Prospects of Island Tourism Industry in Andaman and Nicobar Islands." International Journal of Scientific Research 3, no. 6 (June 1, 2012): 485–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22778179/june2014/189.

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12

Alappatt, Joju. "Dalbergia rostrata Hassk. (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae) - A New Record for Andaman & Nicobar Islands." Indian Journal of Forestry 40, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): 277–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps1000-2017-6e8q7n.

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13

De, Arun Kumar, Sneha Sawhney, Jai Sunder, Ramachandran Muthiyan, Perumal Ponraj, Tamilvanan Sujatha, Dhruba Malakar, et al. "Peeping into Mitochondrial Diversity of Andaman Goats: Unveils Possibility of Maritime Transport with Diversified Geographic Signaling." Genes 14, no. 4 (March 24, 2023): 784. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes14040784.

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Andaman and Nicobar Islands, a part of South-East Asia, is enriched with the presence of native breeds of livestock (cattle, pig, goat) and poultry. There are two native goat breeds, viz., Andaman local goat and Teressa goat in Andaman and Nicobar Islands. However, to date, the origin and genetic makeup of these two breeds have not been detailed. Therefore, the present study describes the genetic makeup of Andaman goats through analysis of mitochondrial D-loop sequence for sequence polymorphism, phylogeographical signaling and population expansion events. The genetic diversity of the Teressa goat was less compared to the Andaman local goat due to its sole presence on Teressa Island. Out of 38 well-defined haplotypes of Andaman goats, the majority of haplotypes belonged to haplogroup A followed by haplogroup B and haplogroup D. The result of mismatch distribution and neutrality tests indicated no population expansion event of haplogroup A and B. Finally, based on poor geographical signaling, we hypothesize that Andaman goats have been imported to these Islands either through multidirectional diffusion or unidirectional diffusion. We justify our hypothesis of multidirectional diffusion on the basis of observation of the haplotype and nucleotide diversity of Andaman goats. Simultaneously, the probability of unidirectional diffusion of goats in these islands from the Indian subcontinent in different spells of domestication events through maritime routes cannot be ignored.

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Rai, Durgesh C., C. V. R. Murty, Sudhir K. Jain, Hemant B. Kaushik, Goutam Mondal, Suresh R. Dash, Alex Tang, Mark Yashinsky, and Martin Eskijian. "The Effect of the December 2004 Great Sumatra Earthquake and Indian Ocean Tsunami on Transportation Systems in India's Andaman and Nicobar Islands." Earthquake Spectra 22, no. 3_suppl (June 2006): 561–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.2206809.

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Boats and ships are the major modes of transportation among the Andaman and Nicobar group of islands. The Andaman Trunk Road also forms an important part of the transportation system in the Andaman Islands north of Port Blair. The harbor structures in the islands were the most affected during the ground shaking; the result heavily disrupted the lives of the island residents. These transportation systems are expected to be in working condition after a major disaster, to facilitate the search and rescue operations and the relief work in the affected areas. A reconnaissance team surveyed the damage that the 2004 earthquake and tsunami caused to the transportation structures in the islands. Damage was observed in all transportation systems, including harbors, highways, airports, and hangars.

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Gra-tes, Chorchat. "A New Species of Murex (Gastropoda: Muricidae) From the Andaman Sea, Thailand." Festivus 55, no. 2 (May 1, 2022): 106–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.54173/f552106.

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A new species of the genus Murex (Family Muricidae) is described from an island in the Andaman Islands chain off Pang-nga Province, southwest Thailand in the Andamanian Subprovince. This geographical subprovince is located in the eastern Andaman Sea, East Indian Ocean. Murex suttipraneeae sp. nov. is conchologically differentiated from a closely related species; Murex pecten Lightfoot, 1786 and its complex from other geographical provinces around the western Pacific rim.

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Sheth, Hetu C. "Barren Island volcano, Andaman Sea." International Journal of Earth Sciences 102, no. 6 (June 7, 2013): 1671. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00531-013-0905-5.

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Datta, S., K. Chaudhury, and P. K. Mukherjee. "Hyperaccumulators from the serpentines of Andaman, India." Australian Journal of Botany 63, no. 4 (2015): 243. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt14244.

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Serpentines are reported to occur over wide areas at or near the surface in the Andaman group of islands of India. Rutland Island and Chidyatappu in South Andaman and the Saddle Hills in North Andaman possess ophiolites in contiguous blocks covering appreciable areas. The soils had a low nutrient content and high concentrations of nickel, varying from 2700 to 10 100 μg g–1. In total, 11 hyperaccumulators of nickel were identified from the Andaman group, belonging to eight genera and seven families. Of these, Dichapetalum gelonioides (Roxb.) Engl. subsp. andamanicum (King) Leenh. and Rinorea bengalensis O.Kuntze accumulated nickel up to 30 000 μg g–1 dry leaf. The vegetation was evergreen, broad-leaved sclerophyllous scrub, with trees never exceeding 4–5 m in height.

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Kamalanathan, Veenakumari, and Prashanth Mohanraj. "A new species of Nyleta Dodd (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) from Southeast Asia." Journal of Insect Biodiversity 4, no. 18 (September 15, 2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.12976/jib/2016.4.18.

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The monotypic genus Nyleta was described by Dodd from Australia in 1926, with Nyleta striaticeps Dodd as the type species. A new species of Nyleta is now described and imaged from the remote island of Little Andaman in the Andaman and Nicobar group of Islands in the Indian Ocean. Variants of the same species were also collected from Tamil Nadu. The images of the holotype of N. striaticeps are also provided for the first time.

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Mathew, S. P., and P. Laksminarashimhan. "Rediscovery of Sonerila andamanensis Stapf & King, 1900 (Melastomataceae)." TAPROBANICA 5, no. 1 (June 15, 2013): 71–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.47605/tapro.v5i1.94.

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The type collection of Sonerila andamanensis Stapf & King in King (1900) mentioned in the protologue (King’s collector 48) from the Mt. Harriet Hills of South Andaman Island is presently not traceable at CAL and K. However, another specimen of this species collected from the Andaman Islands in 1884 also by King’s collector is deposited at Kew with the barcode accession no K000867666. This specimen was annotated as S. maculata Roxburgh in 1975 by Panighrahi from the Botanical Survey of India. A perusal of literature and herbarium survey has revealed that S. maculata has not been reported from Andaman–Nicobar Islands, and no literature or any other valid documentation are available showing S. andamanensis is a synonym of S. maculata.

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SEEHAUSEN, MALTE, and PROSENJIT DAWN. "Lyriothemis lucifera spec. nov. from the Andaman Islands, India (Odonata: Libellulidae)." Zootaxa 5447, no. 2 (May 6, 2024): 273–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5447.2.8.

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Lyriothemis lucifera spec. nov. (holotype ♂: 18.iv.1998, Long Island, Rangat county, North and Middle Andaman district, Andaman Islands, India, ex.-coll. M. Hämäläinen, Wen-Chi Yeh, RMNH.INS. 1152914; deposited at Naturalis Biodiversity Centre Leiden, the Netherlands), is described and figured. This new species belongs to the 3rd group of Lyriothemis Brauer, 1868. Photographs of the name-bearing specimens of Lyriothemis magnificata (Selys, 1878), Lyriothemis daui Krüger, 1902, and Lyriothemis laui Krüger, 1902 are provided.

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Das, Mrinal Kumar, and Chandrakasan Sivaperuman. "Occurrence record and range extension of Pomadasys andamanensis McKay & Satapoomin, 1994 (Heamulidae: Haemulinae) from Great Nicobar Island, India." Journal of Fisheries 11, no. 3 (December 31, 2023): 113401. http://dx.doi.org/10.17017/j.fish.512.

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Present study reports the occurrence of Andaman grunt, Pomadasys andamanensis McKay & Satapoomin, 1994 for the first time from Indian waters based on one specimen (standard length 156.27 mm) collected from Great Nicobar Island, Andaman and Nicobar Island. This finding represents a new addition to the grunt fish fauna of Andaman and Nicobar Island, India. The species is distinguished from its congeners by having four separated longitudinal black stripes on the dorsal half of the body. The detailed morphological features of P. andamanensis are provided and compared with its previous records. Description and figures of the species are provided herewith along the morphometric measurements and meristic counts.

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Gole, Swapnali, Nehru Prabakaran, Sumit Prajapati, Sohini Dudhat, Himansu Das, Sivakumar Kuppusamy, and Jeyaraj Antony Johnson. "Latitudinal variation in seagrass communities with special emphasis on post-tsunami status in the Andaman and Nicobar archipelago, India." PLOS ONE 19, no. 3 (March 20, 2024): e0300654. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0300654.

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We studied spatial variation in seagrass communities in the Andaman and Nicobar archipelago (ANI), India using latitude as a surrogate variable. We classified the ANI into five latitudinally distinct island groups: North & Middle Andaman, Ritchie’s archipelago, South Andaman, Little Andaman, and the Nicobar archipelago. We evaluated the Importance Value Index (IVI) for species to determine the ecologically dominant seagrasses within each Island group. Later, we related our findings to investigate the three decadal pre- and post-tsunami status of seagrass habitats in the ANI which were severely impacted by the Indian Ocean tsunami of 2004. Six of the 11 observed species, such as Halophila ovalis, Halophila beccarii, Halophila minor, Halodule pinifolia, Thalassia hemprichii, and Cymodocea rotundata, dominated the seagrass population among all island groups. Seagrass composition significantly varied across the five investigated latitudinal gradients. Seagrass communities in ’Ritchie’s Archipelago and Nicobar’ and ’South Andaman and Little Andaman’ revealed the highest and lowest variation. Further, Ritchie’s Archipelago and Nicobar had the highest species richness (n = 10), followed by North & Middle Andaman (n = 8), and the lowest in South and Little Andaman (n = 6). Despite similar species richness and composition, Nicobar contributed to the highest seagrass coverage compared to the lowest recorded in the Ritchie’s Archipelago. Our observations on the re-colonization of disturbed areas by early successional and historical species suggest recovery of the seagrass population in the ANI post-disturbance. Lastly, co-variates associated with latitude as a surrogate warrant further investigation.

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Raghunathan, C., T. Mondal, and K. Chandra. "Invasion and potential risks of introduced exotic aquatic species in Indian islands." Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management 24, no. 2 (April 1, 2021): 76–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.14321/aehm.024.02.11.

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Abstract India is endowed with a wide range of ecosystems, of which oceanic island ecosystems viz. Andaman and Nicobar and Lakshadweep are unique and ecologically fragile because of the high degree of endemism in species composition. Altogether 25 species under different faunal groups such as cnidarians, polychaetes, cirripedes, mollusks, and ascidians are reported as invasive species in Indian islands, of which 24 species are found in Andaman and Nicobar Islands, while 4 species are available in Lakshadweep. Ship-mediated invasions, especially ballast water discharge and ship-hull fouling, are the major source of invasions as these islands are located in the vicinity of the international sea route. In the present paper, we have represented these non-native species of fauna and flora to discriminate and identify them as non-native or invasive. This study deals with the diversity and distribution of aquatic invasive species in islands and their detrimental impact on the island ecosystem.

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Uda, Takaaki, Masumi Serizawa, and Shiho Miyahara. "DEVELOPMENT OF SAND BARS AROUND ISLANDS OFFSHORE OF KRABI IN THAILAND AND THEIR PREDICTION." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36 (December 30, 2018): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36.papers.22.

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Poda and Po Da Nok Islands are located offshore of Krabi facing the Andaman Sea in the south part of Thailand. A shallow sea extends together with the development of a slender sandbar between these islands, and there is another small island named Tup Island connected by sandy beach. Sandbars can well develop in this area because of the shallow sea. The wave-sheltering effect of these islands affect to another island. On August 2016, field observation was carried out to study the formation of sandbars, and numerical simulation using the BG model was carried out to investigate the interaction of three islands.

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Spitsyn, Vitaliy M., and Ivan N. Bolotov. "Barsine podbolotskayae sp. n. from Flores Island, Lesser Sunda Archipelago, Indonesia (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae)." ZooKeys 768 (June 19, 2018): 105–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.768.24345.

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HereinBarsinepodbolotskayaesp. n.(Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae) is described from Flores Island, Lesser Sunda Archipelago, Indonesia. This local endemic species externally resemblesBarsineexclusaButler, 1877 from Sundaland and the Andaman Islands but differs by marking patterns and male genitalia structure.

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Mohan, Ashwini Venkatanarayana, Priyanka Swamy, and Kartik Shanker. "Population structure in the Andaman keelback, Xenochrophis tytleri: geographical distance and oceanic barriers to dispersal influence genetic divergence on the Andaman archipelago." PeerJ 6 (October 9, 2018): e5752. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5752.

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Limited gene flow between populations due to geographic distance, presence of barriers or inherent low dispersal ability leads to the formation of genetically structured populations. Strong population structure indicates lowered levels or absence of gene flow which might lead to inbreeding and loss of genetic capacity to recuperate from anthropogenic stress and natural calamities. Terrestrial reptiles are generally known to have low dispersal abilities and few studies have explored drivers of their population structure on continental islands, where both anthropogenic stress and natural calamities are relatively common. We investigated the population structure and drivers of diversification of the Andaman keelback (Xenochrophis tytleri), an endemic, terrestrial and freshwater snake species in the Andaman archipelago, a continental group of islands in the Bay of Bengal. Data was collected from 86 individuals from seven islands and 78 individuals were sequenced for the gene Nuclear Dehydrogenase subunit 4 to identify the number of populations and distribution of genetic diversity across populations. We found 11 haplotypes on seven islands and observed high genetic differentiation between seven populations defined island-wise (FST = 0.82). We further tested the number of populations by incorporating spatial data into Bayesian Clustering Analysis (GENELAND) and identified six populations of the Andaman keelback. We tested for the influence of Isolation-by-distance on these populations. While the overall trend showed a positive correlation between geographic and genetic distance, a correlogram revealed that the positive correlation disappears beyond ∼20–40 km. We also tested for the presence of geographical barriers to gene flow using Monmonier’s algorithm (SPADS), which identified five barriers to dispersal confirming that there are oceanic barriers to dispersal for some island populations of the Andaman keelback. As the Andaman Islands are arranged almost in a straight line from North to South, our data are insufficient to tease apart the roles of geographical distance and barriers to gene flow. We conclude that salt waters between near islands are weak barriers and as the geographical distance between islands increases, so does the strength of the barrier.

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DUBEY, ANIL KUMAR. "Neotype designation and generic re-definition of the monotypic genus Dialeurotrachelus Takahashi (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), and first record of its occurrence in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India." Zootaxa 4695, no. 6 (November 13, 2019): 568–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4695.6.7.

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Takahashi (1942) described Dialeurotrachelus cambodiensis, the type species of the monotypic whitefly genus, Dialeurotrachelus Takahashi from three syntype specimens collected on an unidentified tree in Cambodia, which were subsequently lost or destroyed. It was rediscovered after eight decades in the Indian territories of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. A neotype is designated for D. cambodiensis Takahashi, from specimens collected on Diospyros kurzii Hiern (Ebenaceae) from Andaman Island, India. It is recorded for the first time from the Indian territories, Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Pupal morphology is assessed for redefining the generic description with differential diagnoses from related genera, and anomalies involved with structure of the vasiform orifice and associated structures are discussed. Illustrations are provided of the puparia in life, camera lucida drawings, slide mounts, and scanning electron photomicrographs.

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Swapnali Gole, Prasad Gaidhani, Srabani Bose, Anant Pande, Jeyaraj Antony Johnson, and Sivakumar Kuppusamy. "New distribution record of globally threatened Ocean Turf Grass Halophila beccarii Ascherson, 1871 from the North Andaman Islands highlights the importance of seagrass exploratory surveys." Journal of Threatened Taxa 14, no. 1 (January 26, 2022): 20406–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.7719.14.1.20406-20412.

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Halophila beccarii, listed as ‘Vulnerable’ on the IUCN Red List, aids in seagrass and mangrove succession, acts as a substrate stabilizer and provides feeding grounds for mega-herbivores like dugongs. This species was first recorded from the Andaman & Nicobar Islands in 2015, and its distribution status within the archipelago remains under-investigated. We report a new distribution record of H. beccarii from the North Andamans and shed light on its inter-island distribution. H. beccarii was recorded from a mixed meadow comprising of Cymodocea rotundata (20.5 ± 28.8%, mean seagrass cover), Thalassia hemprichii (16.3 ± 23.3%, mean seagrass cover), and Halodule pinifolia (6.3 ± 12.1%, mean seagrass cover) at Pokkadera, North and Middle Andaman district. H. beccarii had the highest mean seagrass cover (30 ± 34.7%) and shoot density (103.5 ± 68.3 shoots/ m2) among sympatric seagrass species. We also recorded eight seagrass-associated macrofaunal groups (gastropods, bivalves, polychaetes, foraminiferans, nematodes, brachyurans, decapods and asteroids) from the infaunal and epibenthic micro-habitats within the meadow. Infaunal macrobenthos had a much higher density (73.5 ± 129.7 individuals/m2) than the epibenthic macrofauna (0.4 ± 1.5 individuals/m2), possibly influenced by the seagrass canopy structure and biomass. Overall, gastropods were the most dominant macrobenthic faunal group (overall mean 95.0 ± 106.1 individuals/m2). The present findings emphasize the need for more exploratory surveys to understand H. beccarii distribution in the Andaman & Nicobar archipelago to identify priority conservation areas.

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HAREESH, VADAKKOOT SANKARAN, and MAMIYIL SABU. "The genus Ophiorrhiza (Rubiaceae) in Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India with a new species." Phytotaxa 383, no. 3 (December 18, 2018): 259. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.383.3.3.

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Taxonomic studies on the genus Ophiorrhiza in Andaman and Nicobar Islands resulted in the discovery of a new species from Saddle Peak National Park and Rutland Island. Previously reported species of Ophiorrhiza in these islands are keyed with reference photographs, ethnobotanical notes, and updated distribution maps.

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De, Arun Kumar, Sneha Sawhney, Ramachandran Muthiyan, Debasis Bhattacharya, Perumal Ponraj, Dhruba Malakar, Jai Sunder, et al. "Legacies of domestication, Neolithic diffusion and trade between Indian subcontinent and Island Southeast Asia shape maternal genetic diversity of Andaman cattle." PLOS ONE 17, no. 12 (December 9, 2022): e0278681. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0278681.

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Andaman cattle is a precious indigenous livestock species endemic to Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India. Till date, origin and genetic makeup of the breed which is warranted for breed conservation is not known. Moreover, the spread of zebu cattle from Indus valley to different parts of Island Southeast Asia (ISEA) is not properly understood. Here, we report the genetic diversity, population structure of Andaman cattle and their evolution in the context of epicentre of zebu domestication and ISEA. High genetic diversity in complete mitochondrial D-loop sequences indicated the ability of the breed to withstand impending climate change. Total 81 haplotypes were detected and all of them except three belonged to Bos indicus. The presence of taurine haplotypes in Andaman cattle indicate introgression by European-derived cattle. A poor phylogenetic signal of Andaman cattle with genetic affinities with cattle of Indian subcontinent and ISEA was observed. The poor phylogenetic structure may be due to multidirectional gene flow from Indian subcontinent and ISEA, with which Andaman shares a close cultural and trade relationship from Neolithic age. We hypothesize that Andaman cattle is the outcome of Neolithic diffusion from centre of zebu domestication along with multidirectional commercial exchange between Indian subcontinent and ISEA.

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PERUMAL, P., A. K. DE, D. BHATTACHARYA, and A. KUNDU. "Basis blood indices, serum biochemical profiles, antioxidant and oxidative profiles of endangered local buffaloes of Andaman and Nicobar Islands at different stages of reproduction." Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 92, no. 3 (March 15, 2022): 359–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v92i3.122270.

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Andaman and Nicobar Islands (ANI) have non-defined and non-descriptive breed of buffaloes. Andaman local buffaloes (ALB) are distributed in Andaman group of Islands and few numbers are available in Campbell Bay and Nicobar group of Islands. Andaman local buffaloes represent an admixture of different Indian breeds that had been brought to these islands in different phases of inhabitation and rehabilitation of migrated people. It is believed that the ALBs have the inheritance from Murrah, Nagpuri, Bhadawari and Marathwada. It is unique buffalo, well adapted to special type of tropical humid island climatic and environmental condition. The present study was designed to standardise the normal reference haematological and biochemical ranges in different stages of reproduction of Andaman local buffaloes which were maintained in the Andaman Districts of ANI, India from April 2019 to March 2020. In this study, haematological parameters, biochemical indices and antioxidant and oxidative stress profiles were estimated in healthy, normal physiological ALBs in different reproductive stages. The present study results clearly indicated that the values of haematological, biochemical and antioxidant profiles fell under the normal physiological ranges. The results of this study may serve as the reference values in which alterations due to metabolic, nutrient deficiency, physiological and health status can be compared for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes for ALBs in ANI and its neighboring countries or other parts of the country with similar environmental and climatic conditions.

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Vijayachari, Paluru, and MPunnam Chander. "Ethnomedicinal knowledge among the tribes of the little Andaman Island, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India." Pharmacognosy Magazine 14, no. 57 (2018): 488. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/pm.pm_585_17.

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Manchi, S., and R. Sankaran. "Protection of the white-nest swiftlet Aerodramus fuciphagus in the Andaman Islands, India: an assessment." Oryx 48, no. 2 (February 4, 2014): 213–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605311000603.

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AbstractInternational trade of swiftlet nests has affected wild populations of edible-nest swiftlets throughout their range. The white-nest swiftlet Aerodramus fuciphagus of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands lost 80% of its population in the 1990s. Conservation efforts for the species were initiated in 2000, with the active involvement of former nest collectors. To measure the efficacy of protection measures we collected data on the swiftlet, using the nest count method. We monitored annual breeding populations in 28 protected caves on Chalis-ek and one on Interview Island during 2000–2008, and in 168 unprotected caves on Baratang and Interview Islands during February–April 2008. The swiftlet population in protected caves increased by 39%, whereas it declined by 74% in unprotected caves. Nearly 61% of the 152 caves on Baratang Island were abandoned by the swiftlet during 1997–2008. This study highlights the importance of extending protection to the unprotected caves on the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

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Kachhawa, Jai Bahadur Singh, Dinesh Meena, Vivek Sharma, Divaker Yadav, and Ashish Kumar Jangid. "Sighting records of Pied Imperial Pigeon (Ducula bicolor, Scopoli, 1786) and Nicobar Green Imperial Pigeon (Ducula aenea nicobarica, Pelzeln, 1865) from Great Nicobar Island of Andaman Nicobar Islands, India." International Journal of Bioassays 5, no. 07 (June 29, 2016): 4691. http://dx.doi.org/10.21746/ijbio.2016.07.005.

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Present manuscript is the sighting records of two less known individual species of Columbidae family i.e. Pied Imperial Pigeon (Ducula bicolor, Scopoli 1786) and Nicobar Green Imperial Pigeon (Ducula aenea nicobarica, Pelzeln, 1865) from Great Nicobar Island of Andaman Nicobar Islands.

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Srinivasulu, Chelmala, Aditya Srinivasulu, Bhargavi Srinivasulu, and Gareth Jones. "A new subspecies of the Malayan Bamboo Bat (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae: Tylonycteris malayana eremtaga) from the Andaman Islands, India." Journal of Threatened Taxa 10, no. 1 (January 26, 2018): 11210. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.3906.10.1.11210-11217.

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The bamboo bats belonging to the genus Tylonycteris are unique due to their morphology and ecology, and are known from few locations in South Asia. We collected voucher specimens of Tylonycteris malayana from North Andaman Island, which forms the basis of the first specimen-based record of this species from the Andaman & Nicobar Islands, and the second record from India. Our analyses based on morphometrics, craniodental measurements, bacular morphology and molecular phylogeny based on cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene indicate that the insular population of T. malayana may have diversified in isolation to differ from the mainland forms, and could represent putative new subspecies, described herein. In light of the new findings, we discuss the importance of conducting detailed study on the specimens of the Lesser Bamboo Bat earlier reported from the Andaman & Nicobar Islands to ascertain their taxonomic status.

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Raj, Harsh, Ravi Bhushan, M. Muruganantham, Romi Nambiar, and Ankur J. Dabhi. "MARINE RESERVOIR AGE CORRECTION FOR THE ANDAMAN BASIN." Radiocarbon 62, no. 5 (September 1, 2020): 1339–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/rdc.2020.91.

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ABSTRACTMarine reservoir age is an important component for correction in radiocarbon (14C) dating of marine and coastal samples. 14C concentration in pre-bomb marine samples of known age are used to derive marine reservoir age of a region. Annually banded coral from Landfall island in the northern Andaman has been analyzed for its 14C concentration during the pre-bomb period 1948–1951. 14C age and reservoir effect (∆R) are reported for these pre-bomb coral samples from the northern Andaman region. The mean 14C age of 331 ± 61 yr BP was obtained for the period 1948–1951 with an average reservoir age correction of –138 ± 61 yr. This reservoir age correction is lowest reported from the northern Indian Ocean. ∆R value of the northern Andaman and the Bay of Bengal appears lower than that of southern Andaman. The ∆R values obtained using mollusk shells and coral from the Andaman region shows large variability. The lower reservoir age correction for the Landfall Island situated in the northern part of the Andaman archipelago, could result due to freshwater flux and reduced upwelling in the region.

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Saha, MK. "Profile of Cervical Smears in Andaman and Nicobar Island." Recent Advances in Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 05, no. 02 (September 4, 2019): 18–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/2454.8642.201909.

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Koparde, Pankaj, and Manchi Shirish S. "Avifaunal records from Chalis Ek, North Andaman Island: insights into distribution of some Andaman Island birds." Check List 9, no. 1 (February 1, 2013): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/9.1.34.

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Species records are important for assessing the distribution and status of species over a spatiotemporal scale. Andaman archipelago, off Southeast Asia, is a high avian endemism area, covering an area of >5000 km2. We conducted this survey in 2011 to make an inventory of avifauna of Chalis Ek area. A total of 73 species, belonging to 61 genera and 34 families were recorded, of which 60 were resident, 11 were winter migrants, one vagrant, and a single species introduced from mainland India. Three species were found to be new records, expanding distribution. Thirteen were endemic to the Andaman and Nicobar group of islands and eleven were listed as near threatened in the IUCN Red List. This study shows that sites such as Chalis Ek, even though subject to moderate anthropogenic disturbance, still hosts a large and distinctive avifauna and should be protected.

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Mondal, Tamal, C. Raghunathan, and K. Venkataraman. "Bleaching: The Driving Force of Scleractinian New Recruitment at Little Andaman Island, Andaman and Nicobar Islands." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B: Biological Sciences 83, no. 4 (March 12, 2013): 585–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40011-013-0168-8.

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Parcharidis, Is, M. Foumelis, and E. Lekkas. "Vertical tectonic motion in Andaman Islands detected by multi-temporal satellite radar images." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 40, no. 4 (January 1, 2007): 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.17295.

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On 26 December 2004 one of the largest earthquakes ever recorded by modern seismology (Mw>9.0) occurred in Sumatra-Andaman region. About 1300km of seafloor were ruptured extending from northern Sumatra to Andaman Island complex. As instrumental data are sparse and in most of the cases field observations difficult to undertake, the role of remote sensing may be beneficial in providing information about the pattern of deformation in space and time. In the present study ENVISAT ASAR data are acquired and processed to generate a single multitemporal SAR image in order to detect vertical motion along Andaman Island. According to our analysis it seems that the northern parts of the island are generally uplifted. Though its north-western coasts show significant marL· of uplift, such indications become less evident along the western coasts of Middle Andaman. At some locations at the south-eastern margins of the island marks of downlift are recognized. Characteristic banding observed in the multi-temporal image could be attributed either to post-seismic relaxation, either to tidal phenomena. Although qualitative in nature, as just the sign of elevation change can be detected, results of such analysis could be used as constrains in deformation modelling research.

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Thulasimala, D. "Island eco-tourism: A case study of Andaman islands, India." Indian Journal of Science and Technology 3, no. 12 (December 20, 2010): 1247–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.17485/ijst/2010/v3i12.21.

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Srinivasulu, Bhargavi, Aditya Srinivasulu, Chelmala Srinivasulu, Tauseef Hamid Dar, Asad Gopi, and Gareth Jones. "First record of the Diadem Leaf-Nosed Bat Hipposideros diadema (E. Geoffroy, 1813) (Chiroptera: Hipposideridae) from the Andaman Islands, India with the possible occurrence of a hitherto unreported subspecies." Journal of Threatened Taxa 8, no. 11 (September 26, 2016): 9316. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.2862.8.11.9316-9321.

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The Diadem Leaf-nosed Bat Hipposideros diadema (E. Geoffroy, 1813) is recorded for the first time from the Andaman Islands, India. A solitary female specimen was collected on October 13, 2015 from a limestone cave on Baratang Island. Cranial measurements and other morphological characters indicate that the specimen differs from the endemic subspecies, the Nicobar Diadem Leaf-nosed Bat Hipposideros diadema nicobarensis (Dobson, 1871), but compares favourably with the South-east Asian subspecies, Mason’s Diadem Leaf-nosed Bat Hipposideros diadema masoni (Dobson, 1872), in description, craniodental characters, and echolocation calls. This is the first record of Hipposideros diadema (E. Geoffroy, 1813) from Andaman Islands, and the subspecies Mason’s Diadem Leaf-nosed Bat Hipposideros diadema masoni (Dobson, 1872) from India.

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Gopal, Aiswarya, Abdul Jaleel K.U., Usha V. Parameswaran, and Anil Kumar Vijayan. "Armandia sampadae, a new species of polychaete (Opheliidae) from Andaman Sea, Northern Indian Ocean." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 96, no. 8 (December 21, 2015): 1625–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002531541500199x.

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A new species of polychaete, Armandia sampadae was collected from shallow sandy sediments off Rutland Island (57 m depth) and off North Andaman (52 m depth) during a benthic survey along the continental shelf of Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The major character which distinguishes this species from other members of the genus Armandia is the presence of a pair of large, flattened, rounded, stalked, pigmented, leaf-shaped ventral papillae at the ventral base of the ringed anal funnel and the occurrence of a pair of sub-triangular black pigmented spots in the basal portion of the ventral papillae.

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Patankar, Vardhan, Tanmay Wagh, and Zoya Tyabji. "Observations on the female flowers and fruiting of Tape Grass Enhalus acoroides from South Andaman Islands, India." Journal of Threatened Taxa 11, no. 5 (March 26, 2019): 13617–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.4253.11.5.13617-13621.

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Documenting phenologic events is crucial in obtaining deeper insights into the life cycle of seagrasses. We documented and compared the flowering and fruiting of the seagrass Enhalus acoroides from multispecies seagrass meadows at two sites, Henry Lawrence and Tarmugli islands located inside the marine national parks in South Andaman Islands. At these two locations, the average density of shoots ranged between 30.9/m2 and 18.16/m2, fruits between 5/m2 and 2.33/m2, and flowers between 6.7/m2 and 3.83/m2, whereas the mean length of the peduncles ranged from 40.59cm at Henry Lawrence to 32.44cm at Tarmugli Island. We observed significant differences between the densities of shoots and fruits and peduncle lengths in the two sites. The density of flowers, however, did not vary significantly. These observations of fruiting and flowering in E. acoroides establish an important reproductive stage in the life cycle of the species and open avenues for further seagrass research in the Andaman Islands. We describe the findings and emphasize on the need to establish a long-term phenology monitoring program for E. acoroides in the Andaman Archipelago.

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Aul, Bandana, P. J. J. Bates, D. L. Harrison, and G. Marimuthu. "Diversity, distribution and status of bats on the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India." Oryx 48, no. 2 (February 21, 2014): 204–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605312000646.

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AbstractInformation on the bat fauna of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands was limited previously to the results of sporadic surveys, with no specific focus on the habitats or distribution of the species. We carried out the first extensive survey of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands during 2003–2006, covering 40 islands. Our objective was to map the bat species, their habitats and distribution. This resulted in identification of 25 bat species representing 13 genera, location of > 300 roosts and validation of previously recorded species. Notable findings included the rediscovery of the endemic Nicobar flying fox Pteropus faunulus after a century and its extinction from the type locality on Car Nicobar Island, the sighting of an albino Hipposideros diadema nicobarensis from Katchal Island, and the first records of Rhinolophus yunanensis, Murina cyclotis and Hipposideros larvatus from the Andaman Islands, and Taphozous melanopogon, Murina cyclotis, Pipistrellus spp., Myotis horsfieldii dryas and Cynopterus brachyotis from the Nicobar Islands. Threats to the bat fauna appear to be primarily roost disturbance and hunting for sport. Anthropogenic pressure on species of Pteropus is high as hunting occurs throughout the year. Secondary sources and our field observations confirmed the decline of Pteropus in several islands as a result of hunting and alteration to habitats. We introduced a community initiative to monitor and protect roosts and foraging sites close to settlements in the Nicobar Islands. Priorities identified for conservation of the bat fauna of the archipelagos are mitigation of threats to flying foxes and cave dwelling bats, initiation of research on endemic bat species such as P. faunulus, and a voluntary ban by local communities on hunting in specific areas and seasons.

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Shanmugavel Sureshmarimuthu, Santhanakrishnan Babu, Nagaraj Rajeshkumar, and Honnavalli Nagaraj Kumara. "Get my head around owls: people perception and knowledge about owls of Andaman Islands." Journal of Threatened Taxa 13, no. 12 (October 26, 2021): 19725–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.7594.13.12.19725-19732.

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Understanding people’s perceptions and knowledge about birds in an endemic bird area is a prerequisite for bird conservation. This is more so in the case of non-charismatic birds such as owls. In this context, we conducted a questionnaire survey about owls in the North Andaman Island between January 2016 and 2018. We interviewed 203 respondents from six market places in North Andaman tehsil, and collected data on their socio-economic status as well as their knowledge on owls. Although all the respondents were familiar with owls, only 9% of them identified all species of owls in the Andaman Islands. Around 98% of respondents were aware of owl diets, either partly or wholly. We found several superstitious beliefs revolving around owls. Two species, Otus sunia and Ninox obscura were associated with negative beliefs while Tyto deroepstorffi was associated with positive beliefs. Generalized linear model with the demographical predictors showed that positive attitudes towards owls is associated with age (older), education (literacy), revenue villages and temporary houses. We conclude that Tyto deroepstorffi had the highest positive values among islanders and hence, may be considered as a focal species to create awareness about owls and to protect other endemic owls of the Andaman Islands. Awareness programmes targeting younger, illiterate people, and land encroachers may help in conservation of cryptic owl species of Andaman.

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Sakthivel, K., V. Baskaran, K. Abirami, K. Manigundan, and R. K. Gautam. "Cross-Infectivity of Ralstonia solanacearum from Marigold Grown in Andaman Islands." Journal of Horticultural Sciences 11, no. 2 (December 31, 2016): 179–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.24154/jhs.v11i2.92.

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Bacterial wilt disease, caused by Ralstonia solanacearum, is one of the major concerns for marigold cultivation in Andaman Islands. Cross-infectivity potential of the bacterial wilt pathogen, isolated from marigold, was tested in other common vegetable-hosts of the Island. Pathogen identity was confirmed by morphological identification and Biolog based phenotypic fingerprinting. Cross-infectivity tests revealed tomato to be the most susceptible among the three solanaceous hosts tested. Highest wilt incidence was observed in tomato and marigold (100%) plants, followed by 55.6% in brinjal and 22.3% in chilli, upon artificial soil inoculation. Our study enlightens pathogenic potential of the bacterial wilt pathogen in important vegetable crops of Andaman Islands and can help formulate suitable management practices for successful management of the pathogen.

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Deka, Seemanta Kumar, and Rashmi Baruah. "An Assessment of Environmental Sustainability Factors in the Development of Tourism in Swaraj Dweep (Havelock Island) of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands." Current World Environment 17, no. 1 (April 30, 2022): 255–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/cwe.17.1.23.

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The core intent of the paper is to study the different environmental sustainability factors in relation to the development of tourism in Swaraj Dweep of the Andaman & Nicobar Islands. The study is limited and based on the different perceptions of tourists concerning different environmental sustainability factors effecting tourism development on the island. Consequently, from various literatures, a listing of different environmental sustainability factors of tourism development has been carried out. A convenient sample survey has been conducted among 400 tourists who have visited the islands to find out their perceptions on the environmental factors. The average perception of tourists shows that “Protection of Natural Vegetation and Marine life” is the most important environmental sustainability factor for tourism development in the islands. The paired sample “t-test analysis” that has been applied by the researcher to find out the degree of influence amongst the different listed environmental sustainability factors in the course of the development of tourism on the islands. The outcome of this paper will help policymakers to devise and execute policies related to sustainable tourism development on the basis of tourists’ viewpoint in Swaraj Dweep (Havelock Island) - one of the promising tourist destinations of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

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KARTHIGEYAN, K., V. MAINA, R. SUMATHI, J. JAYANTHI, and J. S. JALAL. "Habenaria osmastonii (Orchidaceae), a new terrestrial orchid from the Andaman Islands, India." Phytotaxa 166, no. 2 (April 23, 2014): 150. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.166.2.7.

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Habenaria osmastonii, a new species of terrestrial orchid is described from Rutland Island of the Andaman Islands, India. This species differs from H. richardiana by having radical leaves, fewer and smaller flowers, shallowly denticulate, falcate lip side lobes and a lip midlobe slightly longer than the side lobes. A detailed description, illustrations and photographs are provided.

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KARTICK, C., G. S. J. BHARATHI, P. SURYA, M. ANWESH, S. ARUN, N. MURUGANANDAM, R. AVIJIT, and P. VIJAYACHARI. "Outbreak investigation of fever mimicking dengue in Havelock Island, an important tourist destination in the Andaman & Nicobar Archipelago, 2014." Epidemiology and Infection 145, no. 7 (February 10, 2017): 1437–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268816003423.

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SUMMARYAn upsurge of fever cases of unknown origin, but resembling dengue and leptospirosis was reported in Havelock, Andaman & Nicobar Islands, an important tourism spot, during May 2014. Investigations were carried out to determine the aetiology, and to describe the epidemiology of the outbreak. The data on fever cases attending Primary Health Centre (PHC), Havelock showed that the average number of cases reporting per week over the last 2 years was 46·1 (95% confidence interval 19·4–72·9). A total of 27 (43·5%) patients out of the 62 suspected cases were diagnosed as having DENV infection based on a positive enzyme immunoassay or reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction. The overall attack rate was 9·4 cases/1000 population and it ranged between 2·8 and 18·8/1000 in different villages. The nucleotide sequencing showed that the virus responsible was DENV-3. DENV-3 was first detected in the Andaman & Nicobar Islands in 2013 among wharf workers in Port Blair and within a year it has spread to Havelock Island which is separated from South Andaman by 36 nautical miles.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Andaman Island'

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