Relevant bibliographies by topics / And Hybrid Routing Protocols

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Academic literature on the topic 'And Hybrid Routing Protocols'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "And Hybrid Routing Protocols"

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Punia, Divya, and Rajender Kumar. "A Kalman Filter Based Hybrid Routing Protocol for Efficient Vehicle Connectivity and Traffic Management." Transport and Telecommunication Journal 23, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ttj-2022-0003.

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Abstract The geographic routing protocols in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) are contemplated as most efficacious protocols. Though, such types of protocols communicate a huge quantity of data that influence the network connectivity negatively. Also, out of bound issue is the second major disadvantage of geographic routing protocols. To provide a solution to these impediments, a novel K-PGRP (Kalman filter-Predictive Geographic Routing Protocol) routing protocol is proposed in this paper. K-PGRP is an improvement to PGRP (Predictive Geographic Routing Protocol) routing protocol and wields Kalman filter as a prediction module in PGRP routing protocol in order to anticipate the neighbor location and to select the propitious neighbor for advancing packets in both urban and highway framework which leads to efficient connectivity in the network and improves road safety. K-PGRP is then compared with PGRP, GPSR (Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing) and GPCR (Greedy Perimeter Coordinator Routing) routing protocols in terms of throughput and packet delivery ratio metrics and outperformed all the simulation cases. The simulations were performed on MATLAB R2018a along with traffic simulator SUMO.
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Manhar, Advin, and Dr Deepak Dembla. "Improved Hybrid Routing Protocol (IHRP) in MANETs Based on Situation Based Adaptive Routing." International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research 11, no. 1 (March 30, 2023): 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.37391/ijeer.110103.

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Without the need of a fixed foundation or base station, the Mobile Ad hoc Network creates its own wireless network. One of the most troublesome aspects of Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) is the occurrence of unexpected loss of network connectivity. As a result of this problem, packets continue to drop, and we must restore the connection by sending Route Request (RREQ) and Route Reply (RREP). As a result, network performance will suffer yet another setback. We used the scenario routing technique to combine the Dream Multipath Routing (DMR), Ad hoc on-demand multipath distance vector (AOMDV), Optimized link-state routing (OLSR), and Ad-hoc on Demand Vector (AODV) routing protocols to build the IHRP routing protocol in this work. According to previous studies, (AODV) is more suited when node motion is high. The purpose of DREAM Multipath Routing (DMR) is to maintain node mobility and location information coordinated. Route packet flooding is prevented by computing the expected chance of node relocation. The number of mobile nodes in the wireless network fluctuates, and the DMR operates on each one individually. In the network, each node maintains a list of nearby nodes and their current locations. Using the AOMDV routing protocol is effective for load balancing and preventing congestion on the network. OLSR is a good fit for networks that priorities link reliability above other considerations when routing traffic. When using the aforementioned (DMR, AODV, AOMDV, and OLSR) protocols to create the IHRP routing protocol, we are capable of better regulation of network behavior and perform. In the case of 100 nodes, data is sent for analysis for The Improved Hybrid Routing Protocol (IHRP), Zone Routing Protocol (ZRP), AOMDV, AODV, and OLSR routing protocols. For data send, the performance of IHRP, ZRP, AOMDV, AODV, and OLSR is 11513, 10240, 10225, 10558, and 9184, respectively, and for 50 nodes, the performance of IHRP, ZRP, AOMDV, AODV, and OLSR is 11151, 9807, 9636, 9586, and 7470, respectively. Thus, with 100 and 50 nodes, the Improved Hybrid Routing Protocol (IHRP) outperforms the AOMDV, ZRP, AODV, and OLSR routing protocols. In the case of 100 nodes and 50 nodes, the data receive analysis for IHRP, ZRP, AOMDV, AODV, and OLSR routing protocols is 11513, 10240, 10225, 10558, and 9184, respectively, and 9367, 8714, 8370, 6730, and 7298, respectively, So IHRP also receives data faster than ZRP, AOMDV, AODV, and OLSR routing protocols. The IHRP outperforms AOMDV, AODV, ZRP, and OLSR routing protocols in terms of data transmit, receive, data drop, PDR, throughput, E-E latency, and NRL.
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Zafar, Sherin, and Neha Sharma. "Inculcating Trust in Hybrid Routing Approach for Securing MANET." International Journal of End-User Computing and Development 8, no. 2 (July 2019): 18–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijeucd.2019070102.

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The rudimentary notion of using MANET is that the exchange of information in between the portable nodes count on the swift arrangement of a momentary network. Also, each node in a MANET can travel spontaneously in any direction and can change its links to the other nodes repeatedly. In hybrid protocols, initially, the routing is established with the help of some proactively prospected routes and later on serves the request with the help of reactive flooding. In MANET, the security and the routing are the two most crucial and challenging aspects that open up a vast area for improvement. Security includes a set of considerations that are adequately funded. Designing a competent routing protocol for wireless ad-hoc network along with the fulfilment of security aspects is a challenging task. MANET demands for a new set of networking strategies to be adopted in order to provide competent and secure overhead free end-to-end communication. In MANET, hybrid routing protocols are considered to be the most effective types of protocols as they take the advantage of both proactive and reactive routing protocols. After performing an intense literature survey, it could be concluded that there is a specific requirement of a protocol hybrid in nature that could include the two most specific factors for MANET (i.e., routing and security). The existing hybrid routing protocols suffers from the problems like optimisation control, images detection, and image quantization. To solve the above-mentioned issues of hybrid routing protocols, various optimization algorithms have been proposed that are natural genetics-inspired. The various techniques that can be used to enhance the security are cryptography, bio-metric, trust-based approach, Hash function algorithm, etc.
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Singh, Barjinder, and Rishma Chawla. "Performance quantification of Wireless Sensor Networks by implementing ZRP." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS & TECHNOLOGY 2, no. 3 (June 30, 2012): 86–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/ijct.v2i3b.2695.

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sensor network is composed of a largenumber of autonomous sensor nodes, which are denselydeployed in the area of interest i.e either inside thephenomenon or very close to it. Routing is an importantoperation, being the foundation of data exchangingbetween wireless devices.Zone Routing Protocol was thefirst hybrid routing protocol with both a proactive and areactive routing component. ZRP was proposed to reducethe control overhead of proactive routing protocols anddecrease the latency caused by route discovery in reactiverouting protocols. ZRP defines a zone around each nodeconsisting of the numbers of neighbourhood. During myresearch work, I applied the hybrid routing protocol inwireless sensors and measure the correspondingperformance of the network in terms of overhead, delayand throughput.[10]
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Iqbal, Muddesar, Muhammad Shafiq, Jin-Ghoo Choi, Hasina Attaullah, Khawar Akram, and Xingheng Wang. "Design and Analysis of a Novel Hybrid Wireless Mesh Network Routing Protocol." International Journal of Adaptive, Resilient and Autonomic Systems 5, no. 3 (July 2014): 20–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijaras.2014070102.

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Wireless mesh network (WMN) operates both in infrastructure and ad-hoc mode. It provides extended network coverage based on heterogeneous wireless technologies through multi-hop communications. In WMNs, the routing mechanisms and network organization need to be improved so that optimal path discovery or different protocols adaptability can be achieved. Hybrid routing is a demanding issue to be discussed these days as need of higher mobility management in the diverse situations and environments. It's required to improve the older schemes for higher data rate and minimum energy consumptions. The proposed work presents a design of a novel routing algorithm for optimal route discovery, congestion reduction, dynamic route selection and scalability in hybrid mesh networks. The authors have focused on Hybrid Routing Protocols to originate a novel routing scheme based on AODV (Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector routing protocol) in Ad-Hoc level with clustering scheme and DSDV (Destination Sequence Distance Vector) as proactive routing protocol in Backbone Mesh Router Level to form a new hybrid routing protocol. In this work a Novel Hybrid Distance Vector (NHDV) routing protocol algorithm has been introduced, which is the combination of DSDV (Destination Sequence Distance Vector) and AODV routing protocols. A clustering scheme with the combination of two efficient clustering schemes for Ad-hoc mesh client levels is discussed in detail and a performance metric for DSDV is also discussed which ETX (Expected Transmission Count) is for measuring packet loss ratio at each link for higher throughput. A new performance metric introduced in AODV as Mesh Router Count is used to improve the performance of communication to the Mesh Routers. The proposed work is the design of new algorithm that presents an optimal solution in bringing out a revolutionary change to Hybrid Routing.
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Ragab, Ahmed Refaat, and Pablo Flores. "Adapting Ad-hoc Routing Protocol for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Systems." International Journal of Data Science 2, no. 1 (April 8, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.18517/ijods.2.1.1-8.2021.

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The field of the ad-hoc network and its routing protocols had attracted a lot of researchers for many years, due to the various usage of the ad-hoc networks in many fields and especially the field of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). Routing protocols in the ad-hoc network are the main focused problem, for their characteristics and role during the communication process of the ad-hoc networks, with its different types. In this paper, we are going to analyze and sheds the light on the performance of ad-hoc routing protocols, for both Flying ad-hoc network (FANET) and vehicle ad-hoc network (VANET) when applying three different ad-hoc routing protocols, respectively Reactive routing protocol, Proactive routing protocol, and Hybrid routing protocol, in order to shed light on the ambiguous misunderstanding of ad-hoc routing protocols functionality and to choose the best routing protocol to be used and adapted for UAVs.
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Sultan, Mohamad T., Khaled N. Yasen, and Ali Q. Saeed. "Simulation-based Evaluation of Mobile Ad Hoc Network Routing Protocols: Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector, Fisheye State Routing, and Zone Routing Protocol." Cihan University-Erbil Scientific Journal 3, no. 2 (August 20, 2019): 64–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.24086/cuesj.v3n2y2019.pp64-69.

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Mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is an infrastructure-less and decentralized network without any physical connections. Nodes are mobile, free to move, and independent of each other which makes routing a difficult task. Hence, a dynamic routing protocol is needed to make MANET reliable and function properly. Several routing protocols have been proposed with different working mechanisms and performance levels. Therefore, the performance study of those protocols is needed. This paper evaluates the performance of MANET routing protocols using simulation based experiments to observe the behavior of the network as the density of the nodes increases. The paper evaluates the performance of proactive (fisheye state routing), reactive (ad hoc on-demand distance vector), and hybrid (zone routing protocol) routing protocols in terms of the packet delivery fraction, average throughput, and average end-to-end delay. The simulations of protocols to analyze their performance in different conditions were performed using the network simulator 2 (NS 2).
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Jeyaprakash, Thangakumar, and Rajeswari Mukesh. "An Optimized Node Selection Routing Protocol for Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks – A Hybrid Model." Journal of Communications Software and Systems 11, no. 2 (June 23, 2015): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.24138/jcomss.v11i2.106.

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Vehicular Ad-hoc networks (VANETs) are a subset of Mobile Ad-hoc Networks made by vehicles communicating among themselves on roadways. The Routing protocols implemented for MANETs such as Ad-hoc on Demand Distance Vector Routing Protocol (AODV), Dynamic Source Routing (DSR), and Destination Sequence Distance Vector Routing Protocol (DSDV) are not suitable for VANET due to high Mobility. Trusted routing in VANET is a challenging task due to highly dynamic network topology and openness of wireless architecture. To avoid a frequent communication link failure, to reduce the communication overhead and to provide a trusted routing among the vehicular nodes for achieving high packet transmission, we implemented an Optimized Node Selection Routing protocol (ONSRP) of VANET based on Trust. In our proposed work, we implemented an enhanced routing protocol which prevents the network from communication link failure frequently. The testing results stated that the ONSRP routing have a high performance measures than the above mentioned existing routing protocols.
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Singh, Amar, Shakti Kumar, and Sukhbir Singh Walia. "Routing Protocols for WMNs: A Survey." International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering 7, no. 7 (September 27, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.23956/ijarcsse.v7i7.87.

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Routing is one of the most challenging issues encountered in the Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs) due to the dynamic nature of WMNs. The survey observes that literature is rich with wide range of routing protocols. Each protocol has its own features which we have briefly discussed. The routing protocols could be divided into three categories i.e. reactive, proactive and hybrid. In this paper we have reviewed wide range of existing routing protocols which are being applied for wireless mesh networks. The literature survey also points to the rising popularity of soft computing based approaches to the optimal cost path evaluation as compared to the classical or hard computing based approaches.
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Narula, Mr Rajneesh, and Mr Kaushal Gandhi. "Performance Analysis and Evaluation of Hybrid Network using different Integrated Routing Protocols." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS & TECHNOLOGY 11, no. 10 (December 5, 2013): 3090–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/ijct.v11i10.2978.

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The increasing demand of computer communication networks are growing rapidly day by day. With the growing need to distribute applications across multiple networks and the availability of high capacity, high-performance intermediate switching nodes, and networks, an efficient routing mechanism has become the core requirement. This research primarily focuses on the design and performance of Hybrid Network incorporating different intra-domain routing algorithms. The performance evaluation of different routing algorithms for the transmission of video- and voice-data streams over Hybrid network is demonstrated in this work.. This allows multiple Ethernet point-to-point links to be bundled into one logical full-duplex channel for Fast Ethernet (10BaseT, 100BaseT, or 1000BaseX). These applications require some QoS support such as guaranteed bandwidth, less delay, less jittering effect and low error rate. The QoS relies on a number of factors along with a suite of robust routing protocols that help to accomplish the task of moving datagram from source to destination with high bandwidth and low delay rate. An effective intra-domain network routing protocol may make distributed applications more efficient across multiple networks with the availability of high capacity and high-performance. A variety of intra-domain routing protocols such as Routing Information Protocol (RIP) and Open Shortest First Protocol (OSPF), Interior Gateway Protocol (IGRP) and Enhanced Interior Gateway Protocol (EIGRP) are available and widely used in designing such high capacity and high performance networks with optimum QoS. We evaluate the performance of these intra-domain routing protocols with IS-IS to recommend the optimum routing protocol to use to provide optimum QoS by means of OPNET Simulator TM. In this thesis work, the following objectives are considered and demonstrated.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "And Hybrid Routing Protocols"

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Asker, Zada Salar. "Ad Hoc Networks : Performance Evaluation Of Proactive, Reactive And Hybrid Routing Protocols In NS2." Thesis, Högskolan Väst, Institutionen för ekonomi och it, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-2778.

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No infrastructure, no centralized administration and self-configuration are the main characteristics of MANETs. The primary motivation of MANET deployment is to increase portability, mobility and flexibility. However, this mobility causes an unpredictable change in topology and makes routing more difficult. Many routing algorithms have been proposed and tested over the last few years in order to provide an efficient routing in Ad Hoc networks. In this report we will show our conducted study with AODV (reactive), DSDV (proactive) and ZRP (hybrid) routing protocols. The performance of routing protocols have been evaluated carefully by analyzing the affects of changing network parameters such as, number of nodes, velocity, pause time, workload and flows on three performance metrics: packet delivery ratio, routing cost and average end- to- end delay. All the simulation work has been conducted in NS2. Our simulation results show that AODV gives better performance in all designed simulation models in terms of packets delivery ratio. DSDV shows the second best performance. Performance of ZRP is found average.
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Page, Jonathan Grant. "Energy efficient hybrid routing protocol for wireless sensor networks." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2007. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-09042008-130625/.

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Boneke, Nokonoko Dulce-Maira. "An energy-efficient routing protocol for Hybrid-RFID Sensor Network." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/10079.

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Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) systems facilitate detection and identification of objects that are not easily detectable or distinguishable. However, they do not provide information about the condition of the objects they detect. Wireless sensor networks (WSNs), on the other hand provide information about the condition of the objects as well as the environment. The integration of these two technologies results in a new type of smart network where RFID-based components are combined with sensors. This research proposes an integration technique that combines conventional wireless sensor nodes, sensor-tags, hybrid RFID-sensor nodes and a base station into a smart network named Hybrid RFID-Sensor Network (HRSN).
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PEPPAS, NIKOLAOS. "A HYBRID ROUTING PROTOCOL FOR COMMUNICATIONS AMONG NODES WITHHIGH RELATIVE SPEED IN WIRELESS MESH NETWORKS." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2007. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2345.

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Wireless mesh networks (WMN) is a new promising wireless technology which uses already available hardware and software components. This thesis proposes a routing algorithm for military applications. More specifically, a specialized scenario consisting of a network of flying Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) executing reconnaissance missions is investigated. The proposed routing algorithm is hybrid in nature and uses both reactive and proactive routing characteristics to transmit information. Through simulations run on a specially built stand alone simulator, based on Java, packet overhead, delivery ratio and latency metrics were monitored with respect to varying number of nodes, node density and mobility. The results showed that the high overhead leads to high delivery ratio while latency tends to increase as the network grows larger. All the metrics revealed sensitivity in high mobility conditions.
M.S.Cp.E.
School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Engineering and Computer Science
Computer Engineering MSCpE
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Holliday, Peter Joshua Information Technology &amp Electrical Engineering Australian Defence Force Academy UNSW. "NOMAD - A Hybrid Mobile Ad Hoc and Disruption Tolerant Routing Protocol for Tactical Military Networks." Awarded by:University of New South Wales - Australian Defence Force Academy. Information Technology & Electrical Engineering, 2009. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/43724.

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There has been much research in recent years within the general field of mobile ad hoc networks (MANET) with many proposals submitted to the IETF for consideration. Delay or Disruption Tolerant Networking (DTN) is a relatively new field for routing, concerned with networks that experience long transmission delay or periods of disruption. Military forces around the globe have applied one or the other networking paradigms with varying degrees of success to their own problems of mobility at the lower tactical level (Brigade and below). The fundamental reason for this limited success is that many of the desired tactical scenarios at this level require a network that is not exclusively ad hoc or exclusively disrupted, but rather a network that dynamically adapts to a variety of mobility situations ranging from relatively stable, almost enterprise like, to completely disrupted. Synchronous MANET protocols have limited disruption tolerance at layer 3, and DTN routing protocols, which are further up the network stack, implement hop by hop asynchronous protocols that are unable to take advantage of prolonged network stability. The primary contribution of this thesis is NOMAD, a new hybrid routing protocol for military mobile ad hoc and disrupted networks. NOMAD is unique in that it operates as a proactive synchronous link state MANET protocol when the network is connected, but is able to seamlessly transition into asynchronous DTN mode when required. The results outlined in this thesis indicate that the hybrid NOMAD protocol provides a substantial improvement over standard synchronous MANET protocols. This thesis also makes a significant contribution with respect to synthetic mobility model generation. Mobility models are essential for the correct evaluation of any routing protocol. A mobility modelling tool called SWarMM (Synthetic Warfare Mobility Modelling) was also developed as part of this thesis. SWarMM provides an agent based simulation tool for generating credible synthetic mobility models for use with the discrete network simulation tools, such as OPNET and NS2.
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Migas, Nikos. "MARIAN : a hybrid, metric-driven, agent-based routing protocol for multihop ad-hoc networks." Thesis, Edinburgh Napier University, 2008. http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/4000.

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Recent advances in technology provided the ground for highly dynamic, mobile, infrastructure-less networks, namely, ad-hoc networks. Despite their enormous benefits, the full potential cannot be reached unless certain issues are resolved. These mainly involve routing, as the lack of an infrastructure imposes a heavy burden on mobile devices that must maintain location information and route data packets in a multi-hop fashion. Specifically, typical adhoc routing devices, such as Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs), are limited in respect to the available throughput, life-time, and performance, that these may provide, as routing elements. Thus, there is a need for metric-driven ad-hoc routing, that is, devices should be utilised for routing according to their fitness, as different device types significantly vary in terms of routing fitness. In addition, a concrete agent-based approach can provide a set of advantages over a non-agent-based one, which includes: better design practice; and automatic reconfigurability. This research work aims to investigate the applicability of stationary and mobile agent technology in multi-hop ad-hoc routing. Specifically, this research proposes a novel hybrid, metric-driven, agent-based routing protocol for multi-hop ad-hoc networks that will enhance current routing schemes. The novelties that are expected to be achieved include: maximum network performance, increased scalability, dynamic adaptation, Quality of Service (QoS), energy conservation, reconfigurability, and security. The underlying idea is based on the fact that stationary and mobile agents can be ideal candidates for such dynamic environments due to their advanced characteristics, and thus offer state of the art support in terms of organising the otherwise disoriented network into an efficient and flexible hierarchical structure, classifying the routing fitness of participating devices, and therefore allow intelligent routing decisions to be taken on that basis.
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Janský, Václav. "Směrování v bezdrátových sítích." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-235998.

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This work deals with routing protocols for ad hoc wireless networks. First ad hoc networks are introduced. Routing protocols are then classified according to several criteria. Four routing protocols algorithms are described. They are proactive protocols DSDV and CGSR, reactive DSR and hybrid ZRP. Next AODV routing protocol is described in details. Advantages and disadvantages of AODV and two variants of AODV are also introduced. A new protocol is designed based on the disadvantages of the AODV protocol. This work also describes the implementation and integration of the new protocol in the ns-2 simulator. Results of the simulations are presented.
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Porsch, Marco. "Layer 2 Path Selection Protocol for Wireless Mesh Networks with Smart Antennas." Master's thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2011. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-74743.

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In this thesis the possibilities of smart antenna systems in wireless mesh networks are examined. With respect to the individual smart antenna tradeoffs, a routing protocol (Modified HWMP, MHWMP) for IEEE 802.11s mesh networks is presented, that exploits the full range of benefits provided by smart antennas: MHWMP actively switches between the PHY-layer transmission/reception modes (multiplexing, beamforming and diversity) according to the wireless channel conditions. Spatial multiplexing and beamforming are used for unicast data transmissions, while antenna diversity is employed for efficient broadcasts. To adapt to the directional channel environment and to take full benefit of the PHY capabilities, a respective MAC scheme is employed. The presented protocol is tested in extensive simulation and the results are examined.
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Bereketli, Alper. "On Qos Multicast Routing Routing Protocols." Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12606446/index.pdf.

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Multicasting is a technique used for distributing data packets from one or more sources to a set of receivers on interconnected networks. Currently developing network applications bring specific quality of service (QoS) requirements like bounded delay, minimum bandwidth, and maximum data loss rate. Providing the required quality of service addresses routing and resource reservation concepts. In this study, a literature survey is carried out on traditional and QoS multicast routing protocols, and the need for QoS routing protocols is investigated. QoS multicast routing protocols are classified and compared according to their multicast tree construction and resource reservation approaches. Two QoS protocols, QROUTE and QMBF, are selected, and their performances are experimentally compared using the network simulation tool Network Simulator-2 (ns-2). The objective of the simulations is to compare the QoS routing algorithms and their tree construction efficiencies. The first contribution of the thesis is the survey and classification of traditional and QoS multicast routing protocols. Another contribution is the ns-2 implementation of two QoS multicast routing protocols. The final contribution of the thesis is the performance evaluation of the recent protocols from a different perspective.
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Jaafar, Talal Mohamed. "Simulation-Based Routing Protocols Analyses." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/16197.

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A new approach to distributed network simulations that eases the burdens on the simulation developer in creating space-parallel simulations is presented. It provides a full-topology knowledge for every federate (simulator instance) to make the best routing decision to destinations simulated at other federates. Later, this technique was used to characterize the benefits of IP Anycast mechanism at large scale. Different IP Anycast scenarios were simulated in a detailed Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) simulator using a realistic large-scale AS topology. Results indicated that Anycast indeed provides higher availability and decreased end-to-end delay. It also showed that Anycast does not provide load balancing, and the BGP overhead associated with a topology change is reduced when Anycast is deployed. In addition, a simulation model of Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) was developed and used to present a new approach for host mobility within an AS. The new solution is to allow end systems to retain a fixed IP address as those systems move across subnet boundaries, and to use route advertisement updates (by EIGRP) to inform routers of new or revised routes to reach the mobile hosts as they migrate. The simulation results showed the viability of this approach, and the ability of EIGRP to update routing tables in a timely fashion.
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Books on the topic "And Hybrid Routing Protocols"

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Aweya, James. IP Routing Protocols. First edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2021.: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003149019.

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Aweya, James. IP Routing Protocols. First edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2021.: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003149040.

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Faraz, Shamim, ed. Troubleshooting IP routing protocols. Indianapolis, IN: Cisco Press, 2003.

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Okoli, N. Network management and routing protocols. London: University of East London, 2000.

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Campista, Miguel Elias M., and Marcelo G. Rubinstein. Advanced Routing Protocols for Wireless Networks. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118984949.

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Malkin, Gary Scott. RIP: An intra-domain routing protocol. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 2000.

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Routing in today's internetworks: The routing protocols of IP, DECnet, Netware, and AppleTalk. New York, N.Y: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1994.

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Internet routing architectures. Indianapolis, IN: New Riders, 1997.

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Graziani, Rick. Routing protocols and concepts: CCNA exploration companion guide. Indianapolis, Ind: Cisco Press, 2008.

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Goralski, Walter. Routing policy and protocols for multivendor IP networks. New York, NY: Wiley Computer Pub., 2003.

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Book chapters on the topic "And Hybrid Routing Protocols"

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Yoon, Chang-Pyo, Jae-Wan Lim, Hyun-Jong Cha, Ho-Kyung Yang, and Hwang-Bin Ryou. "The Design of Reliable Routing Protocols in Wireless Mesh Networks." In Convergence and Hybrid Information Technology, 162–74. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-24082-9_20.

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Li, Shu, and Jeong Geun Kim. "A Geographic Routing Protocol for Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks." In Convergence and Hybrid Information Technology, 17–22. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32692-9_3.

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Venugopal, K. R., Shiv Prakash T., and M. Kumaraswamy. "CBH-MAC: Contention-Based Hybrid MAC Protocol for WSNs." In QoS Routing Algorithms for Wireless Sensor Networks, 95–111. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2720-3_7.

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Kang, SeokHoon, Gwanggil Jeon, and Young-Sup Lee. "Improved Energy Aware Routing Protocol in Mobile Ad Hoc Network." In Convergence and Hybrid Information Technology, 106–13. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32645-5_14.

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Kusdaryono, Aries, Gan Bayar, and Lee Kyoung Oh. "Base Station Assisted Hierarchical Routing Protocol in Wireless Sensor Networks." In Convergence and Hybrid Information Technology, 64–71. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32645-5_9.

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Henmi, Kenta, and Akio Koyama. "Hybrid Type DTN Routing Protocol Considering Storage Capacity." In Advances in Internet, Data and Web Technologies, 491–502. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-39746-3_50.

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Sengottaiyan, N., Rm Somasundaram, and Balasubramanie. "A Hybrid Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Network." In Communications in Computer and Information Science, 188–93. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-12214-9_32.

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Sethi, Srinivas, and Siba K. Udgata. "An Efficient Multicast Hybrid Routing Protocol for MANETs." In Communications in Computer and Information Science, 22–27. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-12214-9_5.

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Sahu, Prabhat Kumar, Biswa Mohan Acharya, and Niranjan Panda. "QoS-Aware Unicasting Hybrid Routing Protocol for MANETs." In Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies, 631–40. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5971-6_66.

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Xie, Xiaoye, Jian Wang, Xiaobo Guo, and Xiaogang Wu. "Performance Evaluation of Ad-hoc Routing Protocols in Hybrid MANET-Satellite Network." In Machine Learning and Intelligent Communications, 500–509. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00557-3_49.

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Conference papers on the topic "And Hybrid Routing Protocols"

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Pramod, M. S., and Shivashankar. "Implementation of Hybrid Routing Protocols in Wireless Sensor Networks." In 2018 3rd IEEE International Conference on Recent Trends in Electronics, Information & Communication Technology (RTEICT). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rteict42901.2018.9012252.

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Li, Qian. "Link quality aware geographical routing in hybrid cognitive radio mesh networks." In 2013 21st IEEE International Conference on Network Protocols (ICNP). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icnp.2013.6733650.

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Kumar, D. Sathish, R. Thenmozhi, and Kalpana Devi S. "Delay and Non Delay Tolerant Hybrid Routing Protocols in VANET." In 2022 1st International Conference on Computational Science and Technology (ICCST). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccst55948.2022.10040272.

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Khatkar, Avni, and Yudhvir Singh. "Performance Evaluation of Hybrid Routing Protocols in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks." In Communication Technologies (ACCT). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acct.2012.86.

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Garnepudi, Parimala, Tipura Damarla, Jyotshna Gaddipati, and D. Veeraiah. "Proactive, reactive and hybrid multicast routing protocols for Wireless Mesh Networks." In 2013 IEEE International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Computing Research (ICCIC). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccic.2013.6724255.

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Ravilla, Dilli, and Chandra Shekar Reddy Putta. "Implementation of HMAC-SHA256 algorithm for hybrid routing protocols in MANETs." In 2015 International Conference on Electronic Design, Computer Networks & Automated Verification (EDCAV). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/edcav.2015.7060558.

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Khan, Saad, Asad Amir Pirzada, and Marius Portmann. "Performance Comparison of Reactive Routing Protocols for Hybrid Wireless Mesh Networks." In The 2nd International Conference on Wireless Broadband and Ultra Wideband Communications (AusWireless 2007). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/auswireless.2007.55.

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Karthickraja, N. P., and V. Sumathy. "A study of routing protocols and a hybrid routing protocol based on Rapid Spanning Tree and Cluster Head Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks." In 2010 International Conference on Wireless Communication and Sensor Computing (ICWCSC). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icwcsc.2010.5415893.

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Jang, Hung-Chin, and Chang-Kwei Yang. "A Hybrid Architecture of Routing Protocols for VANET with Cross-Layer Design." In 2012 International Symposium on Computer, Consumer and Control (IS3C). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/is3c.2012.27.

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Chandra, Apoorva, and Sanjeev Thakur. "Performance evaluation of hybrid routing protocols against network layer attacks in MANET." In 2015 1st International Conference on Next Generation Computing Technologies (NGCT). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ngct.2015.7375119.

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Reports on the topic "And Hybrid Routing Protocols"

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Clark, D. D. Policy routing in Internet protocols. RFC Editor, May 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc1102.

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Barbir, A., S. Murphy, and Y. Yang. Generic Threats to Routing Protocols. RFC Editor, October 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc4593.

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Thaler, D. Interoperability Rules for Multicast Routing Protocols. RFC Editor, October 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc2715.

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Papadimitriou, D. OSPFv2 Routing Protocols Extensions for Automatically Switched Optical Network (ASON) Routing. RFC Editor, March 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc5787.

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L.Ong, J. Sadler, S. Shew, and D. Ward. Evaluation of Existing Routing Protocols against Automatic Switched Optical Network (ASON) Routing Requirements. Edited by D. Papadimitriou. RFC Editor, October 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc4652.

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Manral, V., M. Bhatia, J. Jaeggli, and R. White. Issues with Existing Cryptographic Protection Methods for Routing Protocols. RFC Editor, October 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc6039.

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Lebovitz, G., and M. Bhatia. Keying and Authentication for Routing Protocols (KARP) Design Guidelines. RFC Editor, February 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc6518.

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Malis, A., A. Lindem, and D. Papadimitriou, eds. Automatically Switched Optical Network (ASON) Routing for OSPFv2 Protocols. RFC Editor, January 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc6827.

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Bhatia, M., and V. Manral. Summary of Cryptographic Authentication Algorithm Implementation Requirements for Routing Protocols. RFC Editor, February 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc6094.

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Shen, N., and A. Zinin, eds. Point-to-Point Operation over LAN in Link State Routing Protocols. RFC Editor, October 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc5309.

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