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Journal articles on the topic 'And ethical issues'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Mozaffor, M., ASM Nurunnabi, and S. Shahriah. "Ethical Issues in Suicide Research." Journal of Psychiatrists' Association of Nepal 9, no. 1 (September 18, 2020): 5–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpan.v9i1.31307.

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Introduction: Quality research is needed in order to better understand, appropriately respond to, and reduce the incidence of suicide, which must be ethically sound as well. However, in South Asian region, there is a lack of knowledge and clarity around the nature of ethical problems related to suicide research and how to resolve them. This review work aims to describe the possible ethical problems and how to ensure ethical practice in different types of suicide research, especially involving groups of people who are or who have been suicidal. Material And Method: This review was prepared through an extensive searching of published articles in 3 databases - Google, HINARI and PubMed. However, some institutional guidelines were also taken into considerations. Key words used for searching were ‘suicide’, ‘suicidal’, ‘ethics’, ‘ethical issues’ and ‘ethical research’. A total of 18 journal articles and 3 guidelines were finally selected for this review. Results: Major concerns or ethical issues are accessing the population, potential harm to participants or the researcher, researchers’ competency, securing trust and confidence, maintaining confidentiality, providing support to the participants, and responding sensitively to the needs of the family involved. Conclusion: Ethical research on suicide, especially involving people with suicidal ideation requires both procedures to protect the study participants, and consideration of ethical dilemmas (before, during and after research) as an ongoing negotiated process. The findings of this research provide a collection and compilation of views held by number of researchers, bioethicists, ethics committee members as well as institutions.

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Siau, Keng, and Weiyu Wang. "Artificial Intelligence (AI) Ethics." Journal of Database Management 31, no. 2 (April 2020): 74–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jdm.2020040105.

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Artificial intelligence (AI)-based technology has achieved many great things, such as facial recognition, medical diagnosis, and self-driving cars. AI promises enormous benefits for economic growth, social development, as well as human well-being and safety improvement. However, the low-level of explainability, data biases, data security, data privacy, and ethical problems of AI-based technology pose significant risks for users, developers, humanity, and societies. As AI advances, one critical issue is how to address the ethical and moral challenges associated with AI. Even though the concept of “machine ethics” was proposed around 2006, AI ethics is still in the infancy stage. AI ethics is the field related to the study of ethical issues in AI. To address AI ethics, one needs to consider the ethics of AI and how to build ethical AI. Ethics of AI studies the ethical principles, rules, guidelines, policies, and regulations that are related to AI. Ethical AI is an AI that performs and behaves ethically. One must recognize and understand the potential ethical and moral issues that may be caused by AI to formulate the necessary ethical principles, rules, guidelines, policies, and regulations for AI (i.e., Ethics of AI). With the appropriate ethics of AI, one can then build AI that exhibits ethical behavior (i.e., Ethical AI). This paper will discuss AI ethics by looking at the ethics of AI and ethical AI. What are the perceived ethical and moral issues with AI? What are the general and common ethical principles, rules, guidelines, policies, and regulations that can resolve or at least attenuate these ethical and moral issues with AI? What are some of the necessary features and characteristics of an ethical AI? How to adhere to the ethics of AI to build ethical AI?

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Nathwani, Prof Ashish, and Prof (Dr ). Sanjay Bhayani. "Ethical Issues of Guerilla Marketing." Indian Journal of Applied Research 3, no. 8 (October 1, 2011): 438–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/aug2013/141.

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4

Velip, Pramila Khushali. "Ethical Issues in Research Writing." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Volume-2, Issue-5 (August 31, 2018): 2429–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd18329.

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5

Daley, Jennifer, and Lachlan Forrow. "ETHICAL ISSUES." Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice 19, no. 1 (March 1992): 203–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0095-4543(21)00128-7.

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6

Gore, Jennifer. "Ethical Issues." AJN, American Journal of Nursing 115, no. 3 (March 2015): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.naj.0000461792.68668.32.

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Marylyn, via ajnoffthecharts com. "Ethical Issues." AJN, American Journal of Nursing 118, no. 3 (March 2018): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.naj.0000530920.56586.e5.

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8

Milton, Constance L., and F. Beryl Pilkington. "Ethical Issues." Nursing Science Quarterly 15, no. 3 (July 2002): 196–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/08918402015003004.

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9

Vergara, Mary, and Debra J. Lynn-McHale. "ETHICAL ISSUES." AJN, American Journal of Nursing 95, no. 11 (November 1995): 47–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000446-199511000-00022.

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10

Broom, Catherine. "Ethical Issues." Dimensions of Critical Care Nursing 10, no. 6 (November 1991): 354–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003465-199111000-00016.

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Milton, Constance L., and Gail J. Mitchell. "Ethical Issues." Nursing Science Quarterly 14, no. 2 (April 2001): 109–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/08943180122108283.

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12

Milton, Constance L., and William K. Cody. "Ethical Issues." Nursing Science Quarterly 14, no. 4 (October 2001): 288–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089431840101400404.

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13

Hockenberger, Susan J. "Ethical Issues." Plastic Surgical Nursing 9, no. 1 (1989): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006527-198900910-00012.

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Hockenberger, Susan, and Mary Lynn Meyer. "Ethical Issues." Plastic Surgical Nursing 9, no. 3 (1989): 134–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006527-198900930-00012.

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Hockenberger, Susan J. "Ethical Issues." Plastic Surgical Nursing 9, no. 1 (September 1989): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006527-198909010-00012.

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Hockenberger, Susan. "Ethical Issues." Plastic Surgical Nursing 9, no. 2 (September 1989): 86–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006527-198909020-00011.

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Hockenberger, Susan. "Ethical Issues." Plastic Surgical Nursing 9, no. 3 (September 1989): 134–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006527-198909030-00012.

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Hockenberger, Susan J. "Ethical Issues." Plastic Surgical Nursing 9, no. 3 (September 1989): 166–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006527-198909040-00011.

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Hockenberger, Susan J. "Ethical Issues." Plastic Surgical Nursing 10, no. 3 (1990): 136–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006527-199001030-00010.

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Hockenberger, Susan J. "Ethical Issues." Plastic Surgical Nursing 10, no. 4 (1990): 164–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006527-199001040-00007.

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Hockenberger, Susan J. "Ethical Issues." Plastic Surgical Nursing 10, no. 2 (1990): 88–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006527-199010020-00010.

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Hockenberger, Susan J. "Ethical Issues." Plastic Surgical Nursing 11, no. 1 (1991): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006527-199101110-00015.

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Hockenberger, Susan J. "Ethical Issues." Plastic Surgical Nursing 11, no. 1 (1991): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006527-199121000-00015.

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24

Hockenberger, Susan J. "Ethical Issues." Plastic Surgical Nursing 12, no. 1 (1992): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006527-199201210-00007.

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&NA;. "Ethical Issues." Plastic Surgical Nursing 12, no. 3 (1992): 122–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006527-199201230-00007.

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26

.J. Hockenberser, Susan, Certification, and Maithe E. Fowler. "Ethical Issues." Plastic Surgical Nursing 13, no. 1 (1993): 42–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006527-199300000-00008.

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27

Hockenberger, Susan. "Ethical Issues." Plastic Surgical Nursing 14, no. 1 (1994): 47–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006527-199401410-00017.

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Hockenberger, Susan, and Lisa M. Richardson. "Ethical Issues." Plastic Surgical Nursing 14, no. 2 (1994): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006527-199401420-00014.

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Hockenberger, Susan, and Hope D. Ream-Grace. "Ethical Issues." Plastic Surgical Nursing 14, no. 3 (1994): 185–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006527-199401430-00013.

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30

Elliott, C. "Ethical issues." BMJ 311, no. 7006 (September 9, 1995): 671–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.311.7006.671a.

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31

Robertson, John. "Ethical issues." British Journal of Learning Disabilities 29, no. 1 (March 2001): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1468-3156.2001.00031.x.

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32

Jones, David. "Ethical Issues." Self & Society 21, no. 1 (March 1993): 30–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03060497.1993.11085307.

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Jones, David. "Ethical issues." Self & Society 29, no. 3 (August 2001): 37–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03060497.2001.11086120.

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34

Theis, E. Charlotte. "Ethical Issues." New England Journal of Medicine 315, no. 19 (November 6, 1986): 1222–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/nejm198611063151910.

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35

Knoppers, Bartha Maria, Marie Hirtle, and Sébastien Lormeau. "ETHICAL ISSUES." Genomics 34, no. 2 (June 1996): 272–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/geno.1996.0287.

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36

Malcolm, M. T. "Ethical issues." International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry 12, no. 10 (October 1997): 1042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1166(199710)12:10<1042::aid-gps685>3.0.co;2-q.

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37

Doran, Evan, Jennifer Fleming, Christopher Jordens, Cameron L. Stewart, Julie Letts, and Ian H. Kerridge. "Managing ethical issues in patient care and the need for clinical ethics support." Australian Health Review 39, no. 1 (2015): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah14034.

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Objective To investigate the range, frequency and management of ethical issues encountered by clinicians working in hospitals in New South Wales (NSW), Australia. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted of a convenience sample of 104 medical, nursing and allied health professionals in two NSW hospitals. Results Some respondents did not provide data for some questions, therefore the denominator is less than 105 for some items. Sixty-two (62/104; 60%) respondents reported occasionally to often having ethical concerns. Forty-six (46/105; 44%) reported often to occasionally having legal concerns. The three most common responses to concerns were: talking to colleagues (96/105; 91%); raising the issue in a group forum (68/105; 65%); and consulting a relevant guideline (64/105; 61%). Most respondents were highly (65/99; 66%) or moderately (33/99; 33%) satisfied with the ethical environment of the hospital. Twenty-two (22/98; 22%) were highly satisfied with the ethical environment of their department and 74 (74/98; 76%) were moderately satisfied. Most (72/105; 69%) respondents indicated that additional support in dealing with ethical issues would be helpful. Conclusion Clinicians reported frequently experiencing ethical and legal uncertainty and concern. They usually managed this by talking with colleagues. Although this approach was considered adequate, and the ethics of their hospital was reported to be satisfactory, most respondents indicated that additional assistance with ethical and legal concerns would be helpful. Clinical ethics support should be a priority of public hospitals in NSW and elsewhere in Australia. What is known about the topic? Clinicians working in hospitals in the US, Canada and UK have access to ethics expertise to help them manage ethical issues that arise in patient care. How Australian clinicians currently manage the ethical issues they face has not been investigated. What does this paper add? This paper describes the types of ethical issues faced by Australian clinicians, how they manage these issues and whether they think ethics support would be helpful. What are the implications for practitioners? Clinicians frequently encounter ethically and legally difficult decisions and want additional ethics support. Helping clinicians to provide ethically sound patient care should be a priority of public hospitals in NSW and elsewhere in Australia.

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38

Johnson, Bart. "Ethical issues in shadowing research." Qualitative Research in Organizations and Management: An International Journal 9, no. 1 (March 4, 2014): 21–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/qrom-09-2012-1099.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore ethical issues associated with using the shadowing method. Design/methodology/approach – Ethical issues that arose during a 12-week shadowing study that examined the work activities and practices of Canadian healthcare CEOs are discussed. Findings – Dividing the ethics process into two phases – those addressed by ethics committees (procedural ethics) and those that revealed themselves in the field (ethics in practice) – issues and relating to sampling, informed consent, researcher roles, objectivity, participant discomforts, the impact of research on participants, confidentiality, and anonymity are investigated. This paper illustrates that while useful, procedural ethics committees are unable to establish ethical practice in and of themselves. In response, it suggests that the concept of reflexivity be applied to ethics to help researchers consider the implications of using the shadowing method, and develop a contingency for possible challenges, before they enter the field. Practical implications – This paper provides researchers considering using the shadowing method with critical insights into some of the ethical issues associated with the method. A number of questions are posed and a number of suggestions offered as to how ethical practice can be attained in the field. Given practice-based similarities between shadowing and other qualitative methodologies such as participant observation and ethnography, many of the lessons derived from this case study are also pertinent to researchers using other techniques to examine organizational and management phenomenon. Originality/value – Building on the formal and critical discussion about the shadowing method ignited by McDonald (2005), this paper identifies and discusses ethical issues associated with the shadowing method that have not been examined in either ethics or research methods literature.

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39

Davis, J. "An Ethical Debate: Ethical issues." BMJ 310, no. 6983 (April 1, 1995): 858. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.310.6983.858.

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40

Narayan Biswal, Bibhuti. "Ethical Issues in School Educational Management." Issues and Ideas in Education 4, no. 1 (March 7, 2016): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.15415/iie.2016.41003.

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Chowdhury, Gopa. "Basics of Ethical Issues in Obstetrics." Women Health Care and Issues 3, no. 1 (March 2, 2020): 01–02. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2642-9756/020.

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Obstetrics is a high-risk specialty with the challenge of wellbeing of mother and baby. Medical ethics, a disciplined study of morality concern obligations of physicians and health organizations to patients as well as the obligations of the patients, is an integral part of medical practice which builds and sustains physician patient relationship and involves a systemic approach to decision making and actions while being secular. Primary strands of thoughts: Utilitarian, considers most positive outcome and Deontological, judges if action right or wrong, consequences of actions not considered.

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42

Reddy, Dr M. Venkata Subba, and G. Bhargavi Reddy. "Understanding of Social and Ethical Issues." International Journal of Scientific Research 3, no. 3 (June 1, 2012): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22778179/march2014/154.

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43

Chavda, Dharmendra, and Satyajit Deshpande. "ETHICAL ISSUES IN MARKETING." International Journal of Management, Public Policy and Research 1, no. 4 (October 15, 2022): 8–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.55829/ijmpr.v1i4.74.

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In this era of cut-throat competition, a lot of companies are exclusively focusing on the bottom-line (profitability) neglecting ethics altogether. One of the functional areas where there is a gross neglect of ethics is that of marketing. The companies just want to sell their product by hook or by crook. In this context, it is extremely important to understand various issues in marketing ethics so as to ensure consumer-welfare. Marketing ethics relates to ethical methods adopted by companies while marketing their products. Marketing ethics means convincing the potential consumers to buy company’s products using ethical means. It is all about providing ‘correct’ and ‘complete’ information to the potential buyers about the product and its price. It requires avoiding deceptive and misleading information to prospective buyers about the company’s product. The main objective behind the current paper is to describe various issues in marketing ethics. In other words, the paper tries to bring out different unethical means adopted by modern companies for marketing their products. The paper has been divided into four sections. The first section provides various definitions of the term ‘marketing-ethics’ and describes the objectives of the paper. The second section describes various ways of unethical marketing adopted by modern companies to boost their sales. The third section suggests measures to ensure ethics in marketing. The last section highlights the long-term benefits which the companies will reap by adopting marketing ethics.

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44

Johnson, Rebecca A., and Jason Karlawish. "A review of ethical issues in dementia." International Psychogeriatrics 27, no. 10 (June 10, 2015): 1635–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610215000848.

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ABSTRACTDementia raises many ethical issues. The present review, taking note of the fact that the stages of dementia raise distinct ethical issues, focuses on three issues associated with stages of dementia's progression: (1) how the emergence of preclinical and asymptomatic but at-risk categories for dementia creates complex questions about preventive measures, risk disclosure, and protection from stigma and discrimination; (2) how despite efforts at dementia prevention, important research continues to investigate ways to alleviate clinical dementia's symptoms, and requires additional human subjects protections to ethically enroll persons with dementia; and (3) how in spite of research and prevention efforts, persons continue to need to live with dementia. This review highlights two major themes. First is how expanding the boundaries of dementias such as Alzheimer's to include asymptomatic but at-risk persons generate new ethical questions. One promising way to address these questions is to take an integrated approach to dementia ethics, which can include incorporating ethics-related data collection into the design of a dementia research study itself. Second is the interdisciplinary nature of ethical questions related to dementia, from health policy questions about insurance coverage for long-term care to political questions about voting, driving, and other civic rights and privileges to economic questions about balancing an employer's right to a safe and productive workforce with an employee's rights to avoid discrimination on the basis of their dementia risk. The review highlights these themes and emerging ethical issues in dementia.

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45

Kennedy-Schwarz, Judith. "Ethical Issues: The 'Ethics' of Instinct." American Journal of Nursing 100, no. 4 (April 2000): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3522031.

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46

Shaw, B. "Hollywood Ethics: Developing Ethical Issues … HollywoodStyle." Journal of Business Ethics 49, no. 2 (January 2004): 167–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:busi.0000015682.53575.1a.

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47

DeJean, Deirdre, Mita Giacomini, Lisa Schwartz, and Fiona A. Miller. "Ethics in Canadian health technology assessment: A descriptive review." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 25, no. 4 (October 2009): 463–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462309990390.

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Background: Despite the mandate to examine the medical, ethical, and economic implications of the development and use of health technology, health technology assessment (HTA) reports often emphasize the epidemiologic and economic aspects, and omit ethical considerations. This study examines both whether and how ethical issues are incorporated into HTA.Objectives: We aim to (i) review a set of Canadian HTA reports for ethics content, (ii) describe the strategies used to incorporate ethically relevant information into HTA, and (iii) determine the presence of implicit ethical issues in a sample of HTA reports.Methods: Descriptive and qualitative content analysis of 608 HTA reports produced by six Canadian HTA agencies from January 1997 to December 2006.Results: We found that (i) a minority (17 percent) of Canadian HTA reports addressed ethical issues, (ii) secondary research predominates while primary analysis is rare, (iii) implicit ethical issues are present in HTA reports that do not purport to address ethics.Conclusions: Canadian HTA reports rarely explicitly, and then only superficially, address ethics, though implicit ethical issues abound.

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48

Kumar, Chirom Ranjeev, Thokchom Shantaji, and Abhay Gaidhane. "ETHICAL ISSUES IN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES." International Journal of Clinical and Biomedical Research 4, no. 4 (October 30, 2018): 33–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.31878/ijcbr.2018.44.07.

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Epidemiology is the study of the distribution and determinants of health related states and events in populations, and its application to the control of health problems. An epidemiological studies involve the population and as such ethical issues are an important aspect of it which need to be properly understood and adhered to. These issues can relate to informed consent, appropriate sample size, selection of participants, confidentiality, conflict of interest etc. Studies like therapeutic trial have also a lot of ethical issues which differ from issues pertaining to non-therapeutic trials. The source of funding for the study can have implication. Fabrication of data, manipulation during analysis, intentional changes in the result to obtain a pre desired outcome are some grey areas which need to be addressed. Another ethical issue is publication in certain Journals with monetary involvement. Lastly but not the least, authorship also have certain ethical issues. Attention to ethical issues can facilitate the effective planning, implementation, and growth of a variety of public health programs and research activities. Moreover with advancement in Epidemiology like molecular epidemiology, genetic epidemiology etc. the ethical issues become more complicated.Keywords: Ethics; Epidemiology; Epidemiological studies; Ethical Issues.

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INO, HIROYASU, EISUKE NAKAZAWA, and AKIRA AKABAYASHI. "Drug Repurposing for COVID-19: Ethical Considerations and Roadmaps." Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 30, no. 1 (June 5, 2020): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180120000481.

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AbstractWhile the world rushed to develop treatments for COVID-19, some turned hopefully to drug repurposing (drug repositioning). However, little study has addressed issues of drug repurposing in emergency situations from a broader perspective, taking into account the social and ethical ramifications. When drug repurposing is employed in emergency situations, the fairness of resource distribution becomes an issue that requires careful ethical consideration.This paper examines the drug repurposing in emergency situations focusing on the fairness using Japanese cases. Ethical issues under these circumstances addressed by the authors include: maintaining the evidence level, integrity of clinical research ethics, and voluntary consent by original indication patients. In order to address these issues, they argue that rapid accumulation of ethically and scientifically valid evidence is required, as is obtaining information on resource quantity.

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Kania, Dinar Dewi. "The Ethical Issues of Aviation Business in Indonesia." Jurnal Manajemen Transportasi & Logistik (JMTRANSLOG) 5, no. 1 (June 8, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.54324/j.mtl.v5i1.211.

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Aviation business in Indonesia still has a bad image in the international community because of some ethical cases involving the airline companies. The purpose of this study is to explore the ethical issues of aviation business in Indonesia and to find out how to improve the application of business ethics. This research is an explorative study. Data is obtained through observation, literature study and in-depth interviews with key-informants regarding the ethical issues of aviation business in Indonesia. The results show that the critical issues in aviation business ethics in Indonesia has been identified: 1) the issue of flight safety, 2) environmental issues, and 3) the issue of professional ethics, specifically drug abuse by pilots and crew. The efforts that should be made to improve the application of business ethics in aviation services are to build a corporate culture that has philanthropic responsibility and to make public policy based on moral values, religion and Indonesian culture.

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