Journal articles: 'Ancient Trees'

1

Chambers, Jeffrey Q., Niro Higuchi, and Joshua P. Schimel. "Ancient trees in Amazonia." Nature 391, no. 6663 (January 1998): 135–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/34325.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Therrell, Matthew. "Ancient trees reveal their secrets." Nature Climate Change 1, no. 2 (May 2011): 94–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nclimate1095.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Larson, D. W., U. Matthes, J. A. Gerrath, J. M. Gerrath, J. C. Nekola, G. L. Walker, S. Porembski, A. Charlton, and N. W. K. Larson. "Ancient stunted trees on cliffs." Nature 398, no. 6726 (April 1999): 382–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/18800.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Rotherham, Ian D. "Ancient trees: trees that live for a thousand years." Arboricultural Journal 35, no. 2 (June 2013): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03071375.2013.824209.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Zhou, Qianyi, Zhaohong Jiang, Xin Zhang, Tian Zhang, Hailan Zhu, Bei Cui, Yiming Li, Fei Zhao, and Zhong Zhao. "Leaf anatomy and ultrastructure in senescing ancient tree, Platycladus orientalis L. (Cupressaceae)." PeerJ 7 (April 11, 2019): e6766. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6766.

Full text

Abstract:

Platycladus orientalis L. (Cupressaceae) has a lifespan of thousands of years. Ancient trees have very high scientific, economic and cultural values. The senescence of ancient trees is a new research area but is poorly understood. Leaves are the primary and the most sensitive organ of a tree. To understand leaf structural response to tree senescence in ancient trees, experiments investigating the morphology, anatomy and ultrastructure were conducted with one-year leaves of ancient P. orientalis (ancient tree >2,000 years) at three different tree senescent levels (healthy, sub-healthy and senescent) at the world’s largest planted pure forest in the Mausoleum of Yellow Emperor, Shaanxi Province, China. Observations showed that leaf structure significantly changed with the senescence of trees. The chloroplast, mitochondria, vacuole and cell wall of mesophyll cells were the most significant markers of cellular ultrastructure during tree senescence. Leaf ultrastructure clearly reflected the senescence degree of ancient trees, confirming the visual evaluation from above-ground parts of trees. Understanding the relationships between leaf structure and tree senescence can support decision makers in planning the protection of ancient trees more promptly and effectively by adopting the timely rejuvenation techniques before the whole tree irreversibly recesses.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Carvalho, Luís Mendonça de, Francisca Maria Fernandes, and Hugh Bowden. "Oracle Trees in the Ancient Hellenic World." Harvard Papers in Botany 16, no. 2 (December 2011): 425–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3100/0.25.016.0212.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Coghlan, Andy. "Clearing oasis trees felled ancient Peru civilisation." New Scientist 204, no. 2733 (November 2009): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0262-4079(09)62909-2.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Chen, Jia, Hongtao Shen, Kimikazu Sasa, Haihui Lan, Tetsuya Matsunaka, Masumi Matsumura, Tsutomu Takahashi, et al. "Radiocarbon dating of Chinese Ancient Tea Trees." Radiocarbon 61, no. 6 (October 29, 2019): 1741–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/rdc.2019.117.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACTThe jungles of Linyun and Longlin Autonomous Prefecture, located in the heart of the southwestern Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of China, are home to the oldest tea trees (Camellia sinensis) in the world. In the absence of regular annual rings, radiocarbon (14C) dating is one of the most powerful tools that can assist in the determination of the ages and growth rates of these plants. In this work, cores were extracted from large ancient tea trees in a central Longlin rain forest; extraction of carbon was performed with an automated sample preparation system. The 14C levels in the tree cores were measured using accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) at the University of Tsukuba. These measurements indicated that contrary to conventional views, the ages of trees in these forests range up to ~700 years, and the growth rate of this species is notably slow, exhibiting a long-term radial growth rate of 0.039±0.006 cm/yr. It was demonstrated that 14C analyses provide accurate determination of ages and growth rates for subtropical wild tea trees.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Howes, C. A. "ANCIENT YEW TREES IN THE DONCASTER LANDSCAPE." Arboricultural Journal 32, no. 2 (June 2009): 91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03071375.2009.9747560.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Buček, Antonín, Linda Černušáková, Michal Friedl, Martin Machala, and Petr Maděra. "Ancient Coppice Woodlands in the Landscape of the Czech Republic." European Countryside 9, no. 4 (December 20, 2017): 617–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/euco-2017-0036.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Ancient coppice woodlands are forest stands of coppice origin with a long-term continual development and preserved typical natural and historic elements of old coppices. Significant natural elements in ancient coppices include polycormons of coppice shoots, pollard trees, trees with holes, dendrotelms, reserved trees, ecotones, glades and significant plant and animal species. Significant historic elements of localities with ancient coppices include archaeological monuments, boundary ditches and walls, boundary stones, boundary trees, myths and legends, sacral objects, old roads and paths, technical objects and plough land remainders. The paper presents differentiation of assumptions for the occurrence of ancient coppices in the territory of the Czech Republic using the COPF coefficient and examples of results from basic regional inventory (Kuřim region) and detailed local survey (locality Lebeďák) of coppice-originated forests. The extinction of the phenomenon of ancient coppice woodlands would mean irreparable impoverishment of the natural and cultural heritage.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Nolan, Victoria, Tom Reader, Francis Gilbert, and Nick Atkinson. "The Ancient Tree Inventory: a summary of the results of a 15 year citizen science project recording ancient, veteran and notable trees across the UK." Biodiversity and Conservation 29, no. 11-12 (August 18, 2020): 3103–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10531-020-02033-2.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Ancient, veteran and notable trees are ecologically important keystone organisms and have tangible connections to folklore, history and sociocultural practices. Although found worldwide, few countries have such a rich history of recording and treasuring these trees as the UK, with its extensive Royal and aristocratic land ownership, unique land management methods and long-standing interest in natural history and species record collecting. As a result, the UK has collated an extensive database of ancient, veteran and notable trees called the Ancient Tree Inventory (ATI). The ATI is the result of a successful, long-term citizen science recording project and is the most comprehensive database of ancient and other noteworthy trees to date. We present here the first review of the ATI in its entirety since its initiation in 2004, including summaries of the UK ancient, veteran and notable tree distributions, the status and condition of the trees, and key information about the recording process and maintenance of the database. Statistical analysis of components of the dataset, comprising 169,967 tree records, suggest there are significant differences in the threats, size, form and location of different types of trees, especially in relation to taxonomic identity and tree age. Our goal is to highlight the value of the ATI in the UK, to encourage the development of similar ancient tree recording projects in other countries, and to emphasise the importance to conservation of continued efforts to maintain and expand databases of this kind.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Takács, Márton, Ágnes Szénási, and Ákos Malatinszky. "Polypores, Agrobacterium and ivy damage on Hungarian ancient trees." Nature Conservation 40 (June 18, 2020): 1–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.40.51633.

Full text

Abstract:

Ancient trees are important habitats, confer vital ecological roles and function as cultural legacies. Old trees with large girth are keystone structures in various ecosystems. We aim to present which species amongst the greatest Hungarian trees (and some other phanerophyte plants) are damaged by polypores (the most important agents of wood decay), Agrobacterium tumefaciens (usually causing root tumour) or ivy (competing against the native vegetation and causing windthrow damage) and at what extent and frequency; and whether there is a relationship between these types of damage and the origin of the species (native or adventive) or its situation (solitary or surrounded by other trees). We measured 2,000 trees, belonging to 29 native and 43 non-native species. Polypore infection could be detected in 12.2% of the observed 531 settlements, 22.8% are damaged by Agrobacterium and 29.6% by ivy, while 51.2% by other types of pests and diseases. Altogether, one third of the observed 2000 ancient or veteran trees suffered from one or more types of damage. A total of 33.5% of the native species (519 specimens out of 1550) and 28.7% of the adventives (129 trees out of 450) are damaged by any (or more than one) of the mentioned infections or ivy. Mostly, damage occurred to those old trees that stand in a park or forest, while the single (solitary) trees were usually healthy. The most infected regions are the western and south-western counties, while the Northern Hungarian Mountain Range is much less affected, despite its great sample size. Low damage was detected in the Great Hungarian Plain, but the number of sample areas and veteran trees was also low here. The damage to old trees remains without any management or healing in Hungary, since the only effective solution would be prevention.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Zhang, Shuqiao, Xinmeng Cheng, Zizhi Wang, Kai Cui, and Shengxi Liao. "The Future Potential Distribution and Sustainable Management of Ancient Pu’er Tea Trees (Camellia sinensis var. assamica (J. W. Mast.) Kitam.)." Forests 13, no. 7 (June 23, 2022): 983. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13070983.

Full text

Abstract:

Ancient Pu’er tea trees (Camellia sinensis var. assamica (J. W. Mast.) Kitam.) are an important ecological resource with high economic value. Knowledge of the environmental variables shaping the original distribution and the effects of climate change on the future potential distribution of these trees, as well as the identification of sustainable management approaches, is essential for ensuring their future health and production. Here, we used 28 current environmental variables and the future climate data to model the suitable areas for ancient Pu’er tea trees. We also compared the health of these ancient trees in areas under different local management strategies. The results suggested the general distribution is likely to remain stable, but there are environmentally suitable areas outside its current habitats. To achieve more sustainable management, the main areas in which the management of poorly-managed trees can be improved include learning from managers of well-managed trees and following the common technical management regulations stipulated by the local government. The suitable value ranges for environmental factors, potentially suitable areas under climate change, and assessment of management approaches will aid the future cultivation and transplantation of ancient Pu’er tea trees. The methodology includes management-level analysis and provides practical insights that could be applied to regions outside the most suitable areas identified.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Bauks, Michaela. "Sacred Trees in the Garden of Eden and Their Ancient Near Eastern Precursors." Journal of Ancient Judaism 3, no. 3 (May 6, 2012): 267–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.30965/21967954-00303001.

Full text

Abstract:

Interpretations of the trees in the Garden of Eden misunderstand their significance by focusing on sin or a theological “fall.” A tradition-historical approach to the motif of trees in ancient Near Eastern literature and imagery reveals their multivalent quality. Trees are connected with fertility and goddess devotion but also with the power and divine sanction given to kings and dynasties, and with the potency of sacred space, on which humans and the divine come together and meet. As cross-temporal motifs, trees are regularly associated with life-giving and blessing (a plant of rejuvenation; a tree of life); a connection of trees to knowledge and meaning appears as well, in wisdom literature, and in the book of 1 Enoch. Language of a world tree or cosmic tree, though useful conceptually, is a modern imposition on the ancient evidence. More evident from the ancient setting is the image of felling trees, which indicates the downfall of human leaders, especially kings, because of their hubris. Ultimately, sacred trees have an ambivalent value, as a source of both contestation and progress.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Burleigh, Richard, and Russell Meiggs. "Trees and Timber in the Ancient Mediterranean World." Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 74 (1988): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3821799.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Carmichael, Stephen W. "Microscopy Reveals Ancient Textiles Were Made From Trees!" Microscopy Today 30, no. 2 (March 2022): 8–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1551929522000347.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Jameson, Michael H., and Russell Meiggs. "Trees and Timber in the Ancient Mediterranean World." American Journal of Archaeology 91, no. 3 (July 1987): 488. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/505376.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Boren, Henry C., and Russell Meiggs. "Trees and Timber in the Ancient Mediterranean World." American Historical Review 91, no. 2 (April 1986): 365. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1858149.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Zhou, Qianyi, Zhaohong Jiang, Xin Zhang, Qing Lai, Yiming Li, Fei Zhao, and Zhong Zhao. "Tree age did not affect the leaf anatomical structure or ultrastructure of Platycladus orientalis L. (Cupressaceae)." PeerJ 7 (October 29, 2019): e7938. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7938.

Full text

Abstract:

Tree aging is a new research area and has attracted research interest in recent years. Trees show extraordinary longevity; Platycladus orientalis L. (Cupressaceae) has a lifespan of thousands of years. Ancient trees are precious historical heritage and scientific research materials. However, tree aging and tree senescence have different definitions and are poorly understood. Since leaves are the most sensitive organ of a tree, we studied the structural response of leaves to tree age. Experiments investigating the leaf morphological structure, anatomical structure and ultrastructure were conducted in healthy P. orientalis at three different ages (ancient trees >2,000 years, 200 years < middle-aged trees <500 years, young trees <50 years) at the world’s largest planted pure forest in the Mausoleum of the Yellow Emperor, Shaanxi Province, China. Interestingly, tree age did not significantly impact leaf cellular structure. Ancient P. orientalis trees in forests older than 2,000 years still have very strong vitality, and their leaves still maintained a perfect anatomical structure and ultrastructure. Our observations provide new evidence for the unique pattern of tree aging, especially healthy aging. Understanding the relationships between leaf structure and tree age will enhance the understanding of tree aging.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Xu, Pengfei, Cheng Guan, Houjiang Zhang, Guanghui Li, Dong Zhao, Robert J. Ross, and Yinlan Shen. "Application of Nondestructive Testing Technologies in Preserving Historic Trees and Ancient Timber Structures in China." Forests 12, no. 3 (March 10, 2021): 318. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12030318.

Full text

Abstract:

In China, preserving historic trees and ancient timber structures has attracted more attention from researchers and institutions. Nondestructive testing (NDT) technology has gained momentum in the application and research in recent years. This paper presents some examples of the application of NDT techniques in the protection of historic trees and ancient timber structures in China. A total of nine NDT techniques were applied, including five techniques of visual inspection, sounding, Resistograph, stress wave transmission velocity, stress wave tomography for both historic trees and ancient timber structures, two techniques of the pulling-test and ground-penetrating radar (GPR) for historic trees alone, and two techniques of acoustic emission (AE) and digital imaging for ancient timber structures. Based on field testing, there is a very good detecting effect for visual inspection and Resistograph, but sounding works unsatisfactorily. The stress wave transmission velocity is found to be excellent in screening for the internal defects of historic tree trunks, but performs badly in screening for the internal defects within the wood members of ancient timber structures. AE is less successful but digital imaging performs well in long-term monitoring and damage warning of wood structures. The stress wave tomography successfully obtains images of internal defects inside tree trunks. The anchorage of some historic trees cannot be quantitatively evaluated with the pulling test if the tree is too large. GPR’s resolution and accuracy are very low, which limit its application. Theoretical research on NDT and promotion of NDT technology are still an essential part of the work in the future.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Lambert, W. G. "Trees, snakes and gods in ancient Syria and Anatolia." Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 48, no. 3 (October 1985): 435–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0041977x00038428.

Full text

Abstract:

For too long study of ancient Near Eastern representational art and study of possibly related texts have been entirely separate disciplines, the one a branch of archaeology, the other of philology. This accounts for the very scanty results obtained and their frequently questionable character. In the case of Classical Greece and Rome art historians ordinarily command Greek and Latin so as to use written sources at first hand, but Near Eastern archaeologists have commonly been illiterate in their fields of study, while philologists often have limited knowledge of art and use that very amateurishly. Thus it is an occasion for rejoicing that a serious attempt has just been made on some very difficult material from Syria and Anatolia, and that one major break-through has resulted which opens up prospects of fuller understanding of certain aspects of ancient art. The author, E. Williams-Forte, is primarily an art historian with a speciality in ancient Near Eastern seals, and she has taken an interest in Ugaritic to be able to exploit that material. Her Columbia Ph.D. thesis: Mythic cycles: the iconography of the gods of water and weather in Syria and Anatolia during the Middle Bronze Age (ca. 2000–1600 B.C.) has not been published, but a lengthy article derived from parts of it has recently appeared. This starts from the tree and snake in the garden of Eden and investigates their possible Canaanite background. The original observation of major importance is that the storm god of Syria and Anatolia of the first half of the second millennium B.C., Anatolian Tarhunna, Syrian Hadad or Baal, Mesopotamian Adad, occasionally holds up a plant, branch or tree as a symbol.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Croft, Antony. "Ancient and other veteran trees: further guidance on management." Arboricultural Journal 35, no. 2 (June 2013): 110–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03071375.2013.823318.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Klein, Alice. "Twisted branches may explain the longevity of ancient trees." New Scientist 257, no. 3421 (January 2023): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0262-4079(23)00044-1.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Christenson, Allen J. "The Sacred Tree of the Ancient Maya." Journal of Book of Mormon Studies (1992-2007) 6, no. 1 (April 1, 1997): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/44759810.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Sacred trees, representing the power of life to grow from the underworld realm of the dead, are a common motif in the art and literature of the ancient Maya of Mesoamerica. Such trees are similar in concept to the tree of life described in the Book of Mormon, as well as to the mythic traditions of many other contemporary world cultures. Hieroglyphic inscriptions and sixteenth-century highland Maya texts describe a great world tree that was erected at the dawn of the present age to stand as the axis point of the cosmos. In its fruit-laden form, it personified the god of creation who fathered the progenitors of the Maya royal dynasty.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Matthes, Uta, Peter E. Kelly, and Douglas W. Larson. "Predicting the age of ancient Thuja occidentalis on cliffs." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 38, no. 12 (December 2008): 2923–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x08-131.

Full text

Abstract:

In rocky, heterogeneous environments that support old-growth forests, the relationship between tree size and age is weaker than it is for trees growing in productive and homogeneous habitats. To assist in the management and conservation of ancient forests on rocky land of low productivity, it would be useful if the relationships among age, environmental heterogeneity, and morphological variability could be understood and used to develop predictive models of longevity so that extensive core sampling of trees would not be required. Here we sampled 296 mature Thuja occidentalis L. growing on limestone cliffs along the Niagara Escarpment, southern Ontario, Canada. We measured a variety of site conditions and morphological traits, including age, which varied from 51 to 1316 years. We then used redundancy analysis and multiple regression to model the relationships among age, morphology, growth rate, and environment, resulting in quantitative models predicting tree age from four subsets of variables. We subsequently tested the models on 60 additional trees not used to build the models and found that they predicted up to 78% of the variation in actual tree age. This approach could be adopted for use in other forest types to predict the age of trees without using tree-ring analysis.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Takács, Márton, and Ákos Malatinszky. "Half of the Ancient Trees in Hungary Stand in Human-Altered Environments." Sustainability 13, no. 22 (November 19, 2021): 12803. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132212803.

Full text

Abstract:

Big trees contribute to various ecosystem functions and spiritual values are given to them by local people, yet they are endangered. We compiled the health status, accessibility, and local habitat categories of the 2000 biggest (considering girth) trees in Hungary in 531 settlements. A total of 1550 specimens belong to 29 indigenous species, while 450 are non-indigenous (43 species). Most of them stand in a forest or park (not as a solitary tree), in the North Hungarian Range. Altogether, half of the ancient trees in Hungary stand in human-altered environments. Three-quarters are in a fair health condition. However, only 10.3% of the biggest white willows and 24.5% of the biggest sweet chestnuts are in good or excellent condition. A number of 121 big trees should no longer be listed in the nationwide online database because they died, or no longer reach the girth criteria (e.g., due to breakage). This number proves that any kind of documentation is important. More than half of the trees are easily accessible, while 9% are very difficult to reach. Only a very few big trees receive legal protection at the local or national level, on their own or in the habitat where they stand.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Potter, John F. "Ancient Trees: Trees that Live for a Thousand Years, by Anna Lewington and Edward Parker." Environmentalist 23, no. 4 (December 2003): 336. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:envr.0000031512.99931.f9.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Collins, Paul. "Trees and gender in Assyrian art." Iraq 68 (January 2006): 99–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021088900001182.

Full text

Abstract:

The question of identifying cultural symbolism of any period is tortuous without textual or verbal evidence. It is particularly difficult when dealing with an ancient society removed by thousands of years and vast distance in space. Such is the case when interpreting the art of Mesopotamia. Occasionally, textual references help to illuminate possible meanings of imagery. More often than not we are left with nothing but our own culturally conditioned perceptions to explain what we see. However, alternative readings suggested by gender studies raise new ways of approaching familiar scenes. In a recent article I argued that the appearance of a fruiting date palm in the so-called “Garden Party” relief of Ashurbanipal (r. 668–631 BC) from the North Palace at Nineveh helped to situate the scene within a queen's garden. Despite the fact that the climate in Assyria is unfavourable for date-palm cultivation, the image of the tree, closely associated with a goddess, symbolized the feminine space of the garden. I would like to take this proposal further and suggest that the fruiting date palm is a marker of femininity in other images from ancient Iraq and, in addition, that the conifer tree can appear as a symbol of masculinity.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Li, Kaidi, and Guangfu Zhang. "Species Diversity and Distribution Pattern of Heritage Trees in the Rapidly-Urbanizing Province of Jiangsu, China." Forests 12, no. 11 (November 8, 2021): 1543. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12111543.

Full text

Abstract:

Heritage trees have important ecological, historical, and landscape values in cities. Rapid urbanization may cause dramatic change of ecosystem functions of cities, thereby inevitably affecting the growth performance of ancient trees. However, few studies have explored their species diversity and spatial differentiation on the medium scale in the scenario of urbanization in China. Here, we took Jiangsu Province in China, with developed economy in recent decades, as a typical case. Based on the provincial forest inventory data, we addressed the abundance, species richness, tree density, and species diversity of ancient trees in 13 cities, and their tree habitat, growth status, and tree age, as well. Then, we compared the spatial differentiation of tree attributes by 13 districts and nine tree habitats. We also applied detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) and redundancy analysis (RDA) to determine the leading factor influencing their distribution pattern. The 7678 heritage trees in Jiangsu belonged to 215 species. More than half of the trees were native with domination by Ginkgo biloba. Villages and farmlands accommodated the most heritage trees while parks and gardens harbored the most species. This indicates that sparsely-populated rural community and scenic areas with open space are conducive to accommodating more urban heritage trees. The tier 3 heritage trees (100–299 years) accounted for about 80% of the total. Overall, most ancient trees in Jiangsu grew well. The species diversity index (H) of 13 cities was between 1.98 and 3.39. The H value among the 13 cities was largely affected by elevation range shift, while the tree density by GDP per capita. DCA showed that the ratio of unique species was >40%, and that dominant species presented little habitat preference. Therefore, species diversity among different cities are affected by climate and topography, as well as human factors. With the accelerating urbanization process, tree habitat, cultural tradition, and urban history should be taken into consideration for management and conservation of heritage trees in the future.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Gowers, Emily. "Trees and Family Trees in the Aeneid." Classical Antiquity 30, no. 1 (April 1, 2011): 87–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ca.2011.30.1.87.

Full text

Abstract:

Tree-chopping in the Aeneid has long been seen as a disturbingly violent symbol of the Trojans' colonization of Italy. The paper proposes a new reading of the poem which sees Aeneas as progressive extirpator not just of foreign rivals but also of his own Trojan relatives. Although the Romans had no family “trees” as such, their genealogical stemmata (“garlands”) had “branches” (rami) and “stock” (stirps), and their vocabulary of family relationships takes many of its metaphors from planting, adoption, and uprooting, while plant life is often described in human metaphors. Imperial historians use the growth and collapse of trees to mark the rise and fall of dynasties; natural historians like Columella and Pliny use metaphors of adoption, abortion, and adultery to characterize the perversions of agriculture and horticulture. It is thus no coincidence that Aeneas' encounters with Hector, Priam, Deiphobus, and others often take place against a background of real or metaphorical trees (tree similes, headless or mutilated human trunks, ancient trees and woods). These encourage us to see an element of dynastic encroachment in scenes that look pious and peaceable but confirm Aeneas' ascendancy and claim to Trojan succession. The Polydorus episode in particular can be read not just as a grotesque interlude but as a nightmare about endlessly reproducing heirs; one loose strand from Priam's house is allowed to remain, while Virgil deals imperfectly with the problem of Aeneas' own successors. The paper ends by re-examining Virgil's account of grafting in Georgics 2 and arguing that it is viewed positively, perhaps in order to cast Augustus' adoption of heirs as a miracle solution.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Larson, Doug W., Uta Matthes, Peter E. Kelly, Jeremy Lundholm, and John A. Gerrath. "The Urban Cliff Hypothesis and its relevance to ekistics." Ekistics and The New Habitat 71, no. 424-426 (June 1, 2004): 76–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.53910/26531313-e200471424-426228.

Full text

Abstract:

The Cliff Ecology Research Group (CERG), Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada, has been in existence since 1985 when its members began working on the ecology of the Niagara Escarpment (fig. 1). In 1988 they discovered a stand of ancient trees growing on the cliffs and in 1989 they discovered that in fact the escarpment cliffs support the oldest and least disturbed forest ecosystem in Canada. Individual living trees older than 1,300 years are still present and the forest appears to be in steady state. CERG's work on the ancient trees led to the idea that cliffs serve as refuges for many species including ancient humans. That observation led to the development of the Urban Cliff Hypothesis that is described in this paper and was presented at the international symposion on " The Natural City, " Toronto, 23-25 June, 2004, sponsored by the University of Toronto's Division of the Environment, Institute for Environmental Studies, and the World Society for Ekistics, and also led to the recent book entitled The Urban Cliff Revolution.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Burleigh, Richard. "Book Review: Trees and Timber in the Ancient Mediterranean World." Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 74, no. 1 (August 1988): 301–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030751338807400159.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Katherine Bourzac. "Exploring fig trees’ chemical tricks and reviving ancient date palms." C&EN Global Enterprise 98, no. 39 (October 12, 2020): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-09839-newscripts.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Stahle, David W., Dorian J. Burnette, Jose Villanueva, Julian Cerano, Falko K. Fye, R. Daniel Griffin, Malcolm K. Cleaveland, Daniel K. Stahle, Jesse R. Edmondson, and Kathryn P. Wolff. "Tree-ring analysis of ancient baldcypress trees and subfossil wood." Quaternary Science Reviews 34 (February 2012): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2011.11.005.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Mikesell, Marvin W. "Trees and Timber in the Ancient Mediterranean World. Russell Meiggs." Classical Philology 80, no. 4 (October 1985): 385–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/366952.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Stahle, D. W. "Natural monuments Elderflora: A Modern History of Ancient Trees Jared Farmer Basic Books, 2022. 448 pp." Science 378, no. 6616 (October 14, 2022): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.add7170.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Vivienne, Spadaro, and Raimondo Francesco Maria. "The “manna” extracted from the ash trees still cultivated in Sicily from mythical food to pharmaceutical and nutraceutical resource." Archives of Food and Nutritional Science 6, no. 1 (August 31, 2022): 038–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.29328/journal.afns.1001036.

Full text

Abstract:

“Manna” is the product obtained from the solidification of the elaborate sap that comes out of the incisions made during the summer season on the stem and on the main branches of some species of the genus Fraxinus (Oleaceae). The cultivation of manna ash trees dates back to ancient times in Sicily and elsewhere ash trees – known as sacred trees, a symbol of abundance and therefore auspicious – was increasingly widespread until the middle of the last century. Subsequently, however, the crop underwent a progressive decline, remaining relegated to restricted areas of Sicily, in particular in the Madonie district (Palermo, Italy). In this brief review, the essential characteristics of the manna and the ash trees from which it is extracted are summarized. The aspects of the current productivity of manna in the Sicilian territory and the implications of a potential recovery and increase of an ancient craft, ash tree cultivation, are also reported in a perspective of sustainable development and green economy for the Mediterranean area and beyond. Finally, the authors remember what has been done to ensure the conservation not only of the active cultivation of manna ash but also of all the relative agro-biodiversity. The conservation of the living germplasm of the ancient cultivars recovered in the Madonie area (Palermo, Sicily) represents one of the most qualifying results.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Farmer, Jared. "Witness to a Hanging." Boom 3, no. 1 (2013): 70–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/boom.2013.3.1.70.

Full text

Abstract:

This essay applies the idea of the witness tree to the Golden State. Reflexively, Californians turn their historical attention to giant sequoias, and wonder what these trees would say about the ancient past if trees could speak. The author argues that hang trees—sites of lynching in the settlement period—are better witnesses of California’s past. Lynching was common in frontier California, and native trees, mainly oaks and sycamores, were used by vigilance committees for extrajudicial executions. Once the Gold Rush was distant enough for commemoration, hang trees became objects of folklore, fakelore, and heritage. As sites of violence and collective memory, California’s trees speak truths and lies.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Hart, Patrick J. "Tree growth and age in an ancient Hawaiian wet forest: vegetation dynamics at two spatial scales." Journal of Tropical Ecology 26, no. 1 (December 8, 2009): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467409990320.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract:In this study I document the growth rate and age of trees in an old-growth montane Hawaiian wet forest and use these results to evaluate the cyclic succession model for forest dynamics. I used two methods to estimate the age of trees – the crown-class model and radiocarbon dating. Over 6000 trees belonging to eight species were tagged and measured over 7 y on Hawaii Island. Growth rates for the dominant tree (Metrosideros polymorpha) were relatively low (mean = 1.3 mm y−1) and varied with tree size and crown class. 14C-based age estimates for 27 M. polymorpha trees loosely corroborated estimates based on the crown-class method. The oldest tree dated by 14C had a median age of 647 y BP, placing it among the oldest documented angiosperm trees in the northern hemisphere. 14C dating revealed that the upper canopy may be comprised of three distinct age groups of M. polymorpha trees of similar size, with the median age of each group separated by 200–250 y. The high density of large, very old trees in multiple groups is unusual for a tropical forest and indicates that forest development may occur through gap-phase regeneration at a fine scale and stand-level mortality at a coarser scale.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Gibson, T. J., and J. Spring. "Evidence in favour of ancient octaploidy in the vertebrate genome." Biochemical Society Transactions 28, no. 2 (February 1, 2000): 259–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst0280259.

Full text

Abstract:

Vertebrate genomes are larger than invertebrates and show evidence of extensive gene duplication, including many collinear chromosomal segments. On the basis of this intra-genomic synteny, it has been proposed that two rounds of whole genome duplication (octaploidy) occurred early in the vertebrate lineage. Recently, this early vertebrate octaploidy has been challenged on the basis of gene trees. We report new linkage groups encompassing the matrilin (MATN), syndecan (SDC), Eyes Absent (EYA), HCK kinase and SRC kinase paralogous gene quartets. In contrast to other studies, the sequence trees are weakly supportive of ancient octaploidy. It is concluded that there is no strong evidence against the octaploidy, provided that consecutive genome duplication was rapid.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Lacina, Jan. "Coppice Woods and Pollard Trees in the Visual Arts." Journal of Landscape Ecology 9, no. 2 (November 1, 2016): 97–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jlecol-2016-0010.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractThe sprouting capacity of some broadleaves has been used for their regeneration since ancient times. Often concurrently with taking advantage of sprouting stools, the trees used to be shaped also by pruning their stems, namely on pasturelands and in grazing forests. The activity of woodcutters and shepherds was obviously rather common in warmer climates with broadleaved stands because coppice and pollard trees appear relatively often in the visual arts from ancient works through the period if the Italian and German Renaissance up to the romantic and realistic landscape painting of the 19thcentury overlapping into the 20thcentury. For centuries, most frequently illustrated in European and Czech paintings have been pollard willows (Salix spp.). Other coppice and pollard tree species identified in paintings are oaks (Quercus spp.), hornbeam (Carpinus betulus), European beech (Fagus sylvatica), European chestnut (Castanea sativa), and rarely other species, too. Artists apparently often used bizarrely shaped woods to increase the dramatic atmosphere of their landscape sceneries as well as figural compositions, and the coppice and pollard trees had certainly also a symbolic meaning in some of their works.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Ferguson, Louise, and Sergio Castro Garcia. "Transformation of an Ancient Crop: Preparing California ‘Manzanillo’ Table Olives for Mechanical Harvesting." HortTechnology 24, no. 3 (June 2014): 274–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.24.3.274.

Full text

Abstract:

As one of the oldest continuously produced tree crops in the world, it is ironic that table olive (Olea europaea) production has benefitted from few technological innovations, including harvesting. Two harvesting technologies, trunk shaking and canopy contact, have been identified. In a 2013 trial, a prototype canopy contact harvester successfully harvested 92% of a 5.3-ton/acre mechanically pruned crop, vs. 81% for a 12.8-ton/acre hand-pruned control crop in a 19-year-old, 13 × 26-ft grove, spaced at 139 trees/acre and adapted for mechanical harvesting with 6 years of mechanical topping and hedging. About 85% of the hand-pruned olives were cannable vs. 86% of the mechanically pruned olives. Over the 6 years of mechanical pruning, the mechanically pruned trees averaged an annual 4.2 tons/acre vs. 5.3 tons/acre with hand-pruned trees. Again in 2013, this same canopy contact harvester achieved 81% final harvester efficiency with a 5.8-ton/acre crop in a 12-year-old, 12 × 18-ft, 202-tree/acre, mechanically pruned hedgerow grove vs. 80% efficiency for a 5.17-ton/acre crop with hand-pruned hedgerow trees. Similarly, no significant differences in the percentage of cannable olives, fruit size distribution, or value per ton was produced by the pruning treatments. In this trial in which both hand and mechanical pruning were used to produce a hedgerow, the hand-pruned trees averaged 3.7 tons/acre vs. 4.3 tons/acre for mechanically pruned trees. In a commercial trial in 2012, the trunk-shaking harvester achieved 77% average harvester efficiency in a 40-acre, 180-tree/acre grove, with a 4-ton/acre crop prepared with both hand and mechanical pruning. These ongoing trials indicate that adapting groves with mechanical pruning does not decrease average annual yields and can produce table olive groves that can be mechanically harvested at a cost and speed that is competitive with hand harvesting.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Kirby, Keith. "Ancient Trees in the Landscape. Norfolk's Arboreal Heritage. By GerryBarnesand TomWilliamson." Archaeological Journal 169, no. 1 (January 2012): 587–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00665983.2012.11020969.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Shaughnessy, Edward L. "Of Trees, a Son, and Kingship: Recovering an Ancient Chinese Dream." Journal of Asian Studies 77, no. 3 (August 2018): 593–609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021911818000517.

Full text

Abstract:

The first volume of the Tsinghua University Warring States bamboo-strip manuscripts contains a text with passages that match medieval quotations of a text referred to asCheng Wu 程寤orAwakening at Cheng, which in turn is said to be a lost chapter of theYi Zhou Shu 逸周書orLeftover Zhou Documents. The passages concern one of Chinese literature's earliest interpretations of a dream, and were quoted in medieval encyclopedias in their sections on dreams. This article discusses the significance of this discovery both for Chinese textual history and for the interpretation of this particular dream. In particular, it shows that trees seen in the dream predict the Zhou conquest of Shang, and the subsequent Shang acquiescence to Zhou rule. It also notes that this discovery simultaneously confirms the antiquity of this text, but also calls into question the dominant traditional interpretation of the dream.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Rotherham, Ian D. "Britain’s Tree Story: The history and legends of Britain’s ancient trees." Arboricultural Journal 38, no. 3 (July 2, 2016): 171–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03071375.2016.1224617.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

McCann, Lowell I., K. Trentelman, T. Possley, and B. Golding. "Corrosion of ancient Chinese bronze money trees studied by Raman microscopy." Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 30, no. 2 (February 1999): 121–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4555(199902)30:2<121::aid-jrs355>3.0.co;2-l.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Gough, Leonie A., Anne Sverdrup‐Thygeson, Per Milberg, Hanne E. Pilskog, Nicklas Jansson, Mats Jonsell, and Tone Birkemoe. "Specialists in ancient trees are more affected by climate than generalists." Ecology and Evolution 5, no. 23 (November 17, 2015): 5632–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.1799.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Berni, Roberto, Claudio Cantini, Massimo Guarnieri, Massimo Nepi, Jean-Francois Hausman, Gea Guerriero, Marco Romi, and Giampiero Cai. "Nutraceutical Characteristics of Ancient Malus x domestica Borkh. Fruits Recovered across Siena in Tuscany." Medicines 6, no. 1 (February 18, 2019): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicines6010027.

Full text

Abstract:

Background: A diet rich in fruits and vegetables contributes to lowering the risk of chronic diseases. The fruits of Malus x domestica are a rich dietary source of bioactive compounds, namely vitamins and antioxidants, with recognized action on human health protection. Tuscany is known for its rich plant biodiversity, especially represented by ancient varieties of fruit trees. Particularly noteworthy are the many ancient Tuscan varieties of apple trees. Methods: Sugar quantification via HPLC and spectrophotometric assays to quantify the antioxidant power and total polyphenol content revealed interesting differences in 17 old varieties of Malus x domestica Borkh. recovered in Siena (Tuscany). Results: The quantification of antioxidants, polyphenols, and the main free sugars revealed that their content in the old fruits was often superior to the widespread commercial counterparts (‘Red Delicious’ and ‘Golden Delicious’). Such differences were, in certain cases, dramatic, with 8-fold higher values. Differences were also present for sugars and fibers (pectin). Most ancient fruits displayed low values of glucose and high contents of xylitol and pectin. Conclusions: The results reported here suggest the possible use of ancient apple varieties from Siena for nutraceutical purposes and draw attention to the valorization of local old varieties.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Huang, Hongwen. "Discovery and Domestication of New Fruit Trees in the 21st Century." Plants 11, no. 16 (August 12, 2022): 2107. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11162107.

Full text

Abstract:

The exploration and use of wild plant resources goes back to our rooted history of human civilization over about 20,000 years ago, before Ancient Mesopotamia in the Valley of the Tigris and Euphrates where barley, lentil and wheat were first domesticated [...]

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Veiga-Crespo, P., M. Poza, M. Prieto-Alcedo, and T. G. Villa. "Ancient genes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Microbiology 150, no. 7 (July 1, 2004): 2221–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.27000-0.

Full text

Abstract:

Amber is a plant resin mainly produced by coniferous trees that, after entrapping a variety of living beings, was subjected to a process of fossilization until it turned into yellowish, translucent stones. It is also one of the best sources of ancient DNA on which to perform studies on evolution. Here a method for the sterilization of amber that allows reliable ancient DNA extraction with no actual DNA contamination is described. Working with insects taken from amber, it was possible to amplify the ATP9, PGU1 and rRNA18S ancient genes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae corresponding to samples from the Miocene and Oligocene. After comparison of the current genes with their ancient (up to 35–40 million years) counterparts it was concluded that essential genes such as rRNA18S are highly conserved and that even normal ‘house-keeping’ genes, such as PGU1, are strikingly conserved along the millions of years that S. cerevisiae has evolved.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'Ancient Trees'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles