Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Anatolian Fault'
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Papaleo, Elvira. "The north Anatolian fault, Turkey : insights from seismic tomography." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2018. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=239855.
Full textWright, Timothy John. "Crustal deformation in Turkey from synthetic aperture radar interferometry." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365302.
Full textNajdahmadi, Seyedehbita [Verfasser]. "Imaging the North Anatolian Fault Zone with Fault Zone Head Waves, Reflected and Converted Phases / Seyedehbita Najdahmadi." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1144270219/34.
Full textTaylor, David George. "Multi-scale imaging of the North Anatolian Fault Zone using seismic interferometry." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2018. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/21717/.
Full textKarasozen, Ezgi. "Earthquake Focal Mechanism And Stress Tensor Analysisalong The Central Segment Of The North Anatolian Fault." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612214/index.pdf.
Full texts largest active continental strikeslip faults, and forms the northern margin of the Anatolian plate. Although its geologic and geomorphologic features are well defined, crustal deformation and associated seismicity around central segment of the NAF is relatively less-known. In this study, we analyzed locations and focal mechanisms of 172 events with magnitude &ge
3, which are recorded by 39 broadband seismic stations deployed by the North Anatolian Passive Seismic Experiment (2005-2008). Distribution of the events shows that the local seismicity in the area is widely distributed, suggesting a widespread continental deformation, particularly in the southern block. For the entire data set, P- and S- arrival times are picked and events are relocated using the HYPOCENTER program. Then, relocated events which have a good azimuthal coverage with a maximum gap of 120°
and at least 13 P- wave readings are selected and 1-D inversion algorithm, VELEST, is used to derive the 1-D seismic velocity model of the region. The final model with updated locations is later put together to the FOCMEC program, to obtain focal mechanisms solutions. In this step, an iterative scheme is applied by increasing the number of data errors. To obtain more unique solutions, first motions of P and SH v phases are used along with SH/P amplitude ratios. Resultant 109 well-constrained focal mechanisms later used to perform stress tensor inversion across the region. Our focal mechanisms suggest a dominant strike-slip deformation along two major fault sets in the region. In the east, E-W trending splays (Ezinepazari, Almus, and Laç
in Kizilirmak) show right-lateral strike-slip motion similar to the NAF whereas in the west, N-S trending faults (Dodurga, Eldivan) show left lateral strike-slip motion. Overall, stress orientations are found as: maximum principal stress, &sigma
1, is found to be subhorizontal striking NW-SE, the intermediate principle stress, &sigma
2, is vertically orientated and the minimum principal stress, &sigma
3, is found to be NE &ndash
SW striking, consistent with the strike-slip regime of the region.
Tatar, Orhan. "Neotectonic structures in the east central part of the North Anatolian Fault Zone, Turkey." Thesis, Keele University, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.283263.
Full textHussain, Ekbal. "Mapping and modelling the spatial variation in strain accumulation along the North Anatolian Fault." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/14263/.
Full textSuer, Selin. "Monitoring Of Chemical And Isotopic Compositions Of Geothermal Waters Along The North Anatolian Fault Zone." Master's thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12605369/index.pdf.
Full text#948
18O-&
#948
D-3H) of the geothermal waters along the North Anatolian Fault Zone (NAFZ) and highlight any possible seismicity-induced temporal variations during the course of two years (2002-2003) monitoring programme. The geothermal sites are alligned along a 800 km transect of the NAFZ and are, from west to east, Yalova, Efteni, Bolu, Mudurnu, Seben, KurSunlu, Hamamö
zü
, Gö
zlek and ReSadiye. The thermal waters of NAFZ are dominantly Na-HCO3, whereas the cold waters are dominantly Ca-HCO3 in character. The highest temperature (72.3&
#61616
C) is recorded in Seben. The hot waters are slightly acidic to alkaline in character with pH values ranging between 5.92-7.97, while the cold waters are comparatively more alkaline with pH values between 6.50-8.83. Both hot and the cold waters are meteoric in origin. The hot waters have lower &
#948
18O-&
#948
D and tritium values suggesting higher recharge altitudes for aquifers and longer residence times for waters, respectively, in the geothermal system (compared to the cold waters). Temporal variations are detected in both ionic and isotopic compositions of the cold and the hot waters, and these reflect seasonal variations for cold and seismicity-induced variations for hot waters. Although no major earthquakes (M>
5) occurred along the NAFZ during the monitoring period, temporal variations recorded in Cl and 3H, and to a lesser extent in Ca and SO4 contents seem to correlate with seismicity along the NAFZ. In this respect, Yalova field deserves the particular attention since seismicity induced variations were better recorded in this field.
Kaduri, Maor. "Interplay between creep/aseismic deformation, earthquakes and fluids in fault zones, with a special emphasis on the North Anatolian fault zone, Turkey." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAU040/document.
Full textAseismic fault creep in the upper crust is a key deformation process along tectonic plate boundaries. It contributes to the energy budget during the seismic cycle, delaying or triggering the occurrence of large earthquakes. One of the greatest challenges is to understand which parameters control the partition between seismic and aseismic deformation in active faults, such as lithology or stress-driven transformations at all scales and how this partition evolves with time. Geological observations along the North Anatolian Fault in Turkey combined with laboratory analyses and imaging techniques performed in the present study shed new light on these mechanisms of fault creep. Moreover, the relationship between finite strain and mass change was compared with geodesy data in order to understand the evolution of these creep mechanisms since the beginning of this fault displacement.A clear correlation is shown between shallow creep and near-surface fault gouge composition: seismic segments of the fault are mostly composed of massive limestone without clay gouges, whereas aseismic creeping segments comprising clay gouges result from a progressive change of volcanic rocks. Within these creeping zones, anastomosing cleavage develops during the first stage of deformation, leading to tectonic layering that forms a foliation, oblique at first and then sub-parallel to the fault. This foliation accommodates part of the aseismic creep by pressure solution. Consequently, the soluble minerals such as quartz and feldspars are dissolved, leading to the passive concentration of phyllosilicates in the gouges where alteration transformations by fluid flow produce low friction clay minerals. At the same time damage zones are fractured and fractures are sealed by carbonates. As a result, these mineralogical and structural transformations weaken the gouge and strengthen the damage zone leading to the change from diffuse to localized seismic-aseismic zones.Models integrating finite strain and mass change reveal two spatial scales of strain that correspond to the alternation of two types of shear bands, with cleavages oriented either oblique or sub-parallel to the fault zone. Various total strain values were estimated in order to calculate the aseismic part of the total 80 km displacement along the locked and creeping sections. The aseismic strain fraction of the total tectonic strain in the fault depends on the fault lithology and varies from 0.002% in seismic zones made of limestone and evolves with time in the creeping zones made of volcanic rocks from 59% in the early stages of fault development to 18% in the recent times
Fraser, Jeffrey G. "Four new paleoseismic investigations on the North Anatolian fault, Turkey, in the context of existing data." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210250.
Full textDoctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Akin, Muge. "Seismic Microzonation Of Erbaa (tokat-turkey) Loccated Along Eastern Segment Of The North Anatolian Fault Zone (nafz)." Phd thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12611375/index.pdf.
Full textLevendoglu, Mert. "Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment Of Ilgaz - Abant Segments Of North Anatolian Fault Using Improved Seismic Source Models." Master's thesis, METU, 2013. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12615430/index.pdf.
Full textlerce et al., 2013) prediction models are employed for the first time on NAF system. The results of the study is presented in terms of hazard curves, deaggregation of the hazard and uniform hazard spectrum for four main locations in the region to provide basis for evaluation of the seismic design of special structures in the area. Hazard maps of the region for rock site conditions and for the proposed site characterization model are provided to allow the user perform site-specific hazard assessment for local site conditions and develop site-specific design spectrum. The results of the study will be useful to manage the future seismic hazard in the region.
Ickrath, Michèle [Verfasser]. "Spatiotemporal variations of the local stress field and fault asperities at the North Anatolian Fault in NW Turkey analysed based on microseismic recordings / Michèle Ickrath." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1065670184/34.
Full textFerry, Matthieu Alexis. "Adaption of the paleoseismological approach to local tectonic regime: comparative study of the intraplate Basel-Reinach fault, Switzerland and the interplate North Anatolian fault, Turkey /." Zürich : ETH, 2004. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=15537.
Full textUgurhan, Beliz. "Stochastic Strong Ground Motion Simulations On North Anatolian Fault Zone And Central Italy: Validation, Limitation And Sensitivity Analyses." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612413/index.pdf.
Full textzce, L&rsquo
Aquila and Erzincan regions. In Dü
zce study, regional seismic source, propagation and site parameters are determined through validation of the simulations against the records. In L&rsquo
Aquila case study, in addition to study of the regional parameters, the limitations of the method in terms of simulating the directivity effects are also investigated. In Erzincan case study, where there are very few records, the optimum model parameters are determined using a large set of simulations with an error-minimization scheme. Later, a parametric sensitivity study is performed to observe the variations in simulation results to small perturbations in input parameters. Results of this study confirm that stochastic finite-fault simulation method is an effective technique for generating realistic physics-based synthetic records of large earthquakes in near field regions.
Aksoy, Murat Ersen. "Active tectonics and paleoseismology of the ganos fault segment and seismic characteristics of the 9 august 1912 Mürefte earthquake of the north anatolian fault (Western Turkey)." Strasbourg, 2009. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2009/AKSOY_Murat_Ersen_2009.pdf.
Full textThe North Anatolian Fault generated 9 large earthquakes (M>7) in Turkey during the last 100 years. We investigate the Ganos fault, the westernmost segment of the North Anatolian Fault that was responsible for the 9 August 1912 Mürefte earthquake (M 7. 3). The Ganos fault is exposed onland for 45 km while the rest is covered up by the Aegean and Marmara seas to the west and east respectively. The Ganos fault forms the western section of a large step-over area that corresponds to the Marmara pull-apart and experienced the 1999 Kocaeli earthquake on its east. The two ends of the 1912 and 1999 earthquake ruptures define the seismic gap in the Sea of Marmara. Geomorphic analysis along the 45-km-long onland section of the Ganos fault allowed documenting typical structures of strike slip faulting; i. E. Step-overs, pull-aparts, bends, pressure ridges, sag-ponds, offset ridges, shutter ridges and stream displacement. The onland section of the Ganos fault is expressed as ~N68°E striking linear geometry, segmented by two extensional step-overs at Gölcük and Kavak. The combined analysis of offshore and onland fault morphology suggests a minimum of 4 sub-segments limited by geometrical complexities which are from east to west, the Central Marmara basin, Ganos bend, Gölcük step-over, Kavak step-over and Saros Trough. The Saros Trough and the Central Marmara basin are the largest structural complexities along the Ganos fault and may serve as barriers to earthquake rupture propagation. Cumulative displacements determined at 69 localities and tectonic reconstructions provide insights on the long-term and short-term deformation characteristic of the Ganos fault segment. Measurements of displaced streams, ridges and partly ancient roads yield right lateral offsets ranging from 8 to 575 m. Furthermore, we suggest larger offsets from 200 to 9000 m based on reconstructions of the present-day drainage system. A classification of the stream offsets shows 8 distinct classes of cumulative slip. We used sea level fluctuation curves of the Black Sea in order to constrain the timing of high precipitations periods which can trigger channel incisions. Consecutive 5 cumulative slip groups (from 70 to 300 m) show well correlations with subsequent sea level rise periods at 4 ka, 10. 2 ka, 12. 5 ka, 14. 5 ka and 17. 5 ka. Slip rate estimations yield a constant slip rate of 17. 9 mm/yr for the last 20. 000 years and a variable slip rate of 17. 7 mm/yr, 17. 7 mm/yr, 17. 9 mm/yr and 18. 9 mm/yr for the last 10. 2 ka, 12. 5 ka, 14. 5 ka and 17. 5 ka, respectively. Paleoseismology at three sites (Güzelköy, Yeniköy and Yörgüç) showed evidence of 8 faulting events, 5 of which post-date 1043 – 835 BC and 1500 – 830 BC at Güzelköy site and Yeniköy site, respectively. A better timing was constrained for the last three events at Güzelköy which are most probably the earthquakes in (1) 1344 or 1354 (2) 1659 or 1766b and (3) 1912. We suggest two earthquake recurrence scenarios for the last historical earthquakes attributed to the Ganos fault. Scenario 1 yields an average recurrence interval of 285 ± 36 years and encompasses the 1912, 1659, 1354/1344, 824, 484 events, whereas Scenario 2 gives an average recurrence interval of 285 ± 93 years and includes the 1912, 1766, 1354/1344, 824, 484 events. Considering that earthquakes occur periodic the suitable seismic history corresponds to Scenario 1. However scenario 2 is also valid if a non-periodic earthquake occurrence is accepted. The combination of geomorphic analysis and trenching results provides slip rates for the North Anatolian Fault at the Ganos region. At Güzelköy two paleo-channels offset for 16 m and 21 m yield 22. 3 ± 0. 5 mm/yr for the last ~700 years and 26. 9 mm/yr for the last 781 years, respectively. At Yeniköy dating from the lowermost units of the 46 ± 1 m offset stream provided a maximum 17 mm/yr slip rate for the last 2840 years. The 9 August 1912 Mürefte earthquake (Ms=7. 3) struck along the Ganos fault causing severe destruction (Io = X) between Tekirdağ and Çanakkale. A second large shock occurred on 13 September 1912 (Ms = 6. 8) with an epicentral region to the west of the first main shock, giving rise to Io = VII damage west of Gaziköy and along the Gallipoli peninsula. Surface breaks have been recorded along the entire 45-km-long onland section. We determined a maximum slip of 5. 5 m that was previously suggested as 3 m (Ambraseys & Finkel et al, 1987). We extend the slip measurements of Altunel et al. , (2004) from 31 localities to 45 with a better distribution along the fault. The offset distribution indicates that a certain length of the rupture is offshore, i. E. , in the Saros bay and Sea of Marmara. 73 historical seismogram recordings have been collected for the 9 August, 10 August and 13 September 1912 shocks. Comparable pairs have been digitized using TESEO software. The modelling and deconvolution of seismic waveforms allowed retrieving a relative source time function using the 13 September and 9 August shocks and provided a source duration of 40 seconds for the 9 August earthquake. Considering a unilateral rupture propagation of 3 km/s, this duration implies rupture length of 120 km, consistent with the earthquake size (Mw 7. 4). P-wave polarities at 5 stations and field based N68°E fault strike allow us to construct the focal mechanism solution for the 9 August shock. The size of the 13 September shock requires 30 ± 10 km of surface faulting and constrains the western limit for the 120 ± 20 km long 9 August rupture. Taking into account the two events, an epicentre location in the Saros bay for the 13 September shock, the 150 ± 20 km long total rupture length would extend from Saros Trough towards east and reach the Central Marmara Basin, consistent with major geometric complexities along this section of the North Anatolian Fault. Therefore, the eastern termination of the 9 August 1912 rupture and the western termination of the 1999 earthquake rupture imply a minimum 100-km-long seismic gap in the Sea of Marmara. This fault length suggests an earthquake size M>7 that should be taken into account in any seismic hazard assessment for the Istanbul region
Nowak, Stephanie Beth. "Understanding Time-Variant Stress-Strain in Turkey: A Numerical Modeling Approach." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26072.
Full textPh. D.
Cambazoglu, Selim. "Preparation Of A Source Model For The Eastern Marmara Region Along The North Anatolian Fault Segments And Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment Of Duzce Province." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614167/index.pdf.
Full textzce are the most recent devastating earthquakes. The study area lies in the Eastern Marmara Region and is bounded by the 28.55-33.75 E and 40.00-41.20 N, latitude and longitude coordinates, respectively. There are numerous studies conducted in the study area in terms of active tectonics and seismicity, however studies are scale dependent. Therefore, a comprehensive literature survey regarding active tectonics of the region was conducted and these previous studies were combined with the lineaments extracted from 10 ASTER images via principle component analysis manual extraction method. Therefore, a line seismic source model for the Eastern Marmara region was compiled mainly based on major seismic events of instrumental period. The seismicity of these line segments were compared with the instrumental period earthquake catalogue compiled by Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute with a homogeneous magnitude scale between 1900 and 2005. Secondary event and completeness of this catalogue was checked. The final catalogue was matched with the compiled seismic source for historical seismicity and source-scenario-segment-weight relationships were developed. This developed seismic source model was tested by a probabilistic seismic hazard assessment for Dü
zce city center by utilizing four different ground motion prediction equations. It was observed that Gutenberg-Richter seismicity parameter &lsquo
b&rsquo
does not have significant effect over the model, however change in the segmentation model have a low but certain influence.
Leeuw, Goverdina Anna Maria de. "The noble gas and carbon systematics of divergent, convergent and strike-slip plate boundaries examples from the Reykjanes Ridge, Central American Arc and North Anatolian Fault Zone /." Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2007. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3259364.
Full textTitle from first page of PDF file (viewed June 22, 2007). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 190-209).
Mahmoud, Yasser, and Yasser Mahmoud. "Caractérisation géodésique de la déformation active du point triple d'Hatay (Syrie-Turquie)." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00871982.
Full textAslan, Gokhan. "Mesure et suivi spatio-temporel des déplacements de surface dans le nord-ouest de la Turquie, par interférométrie radar à haute résolution : glissement asismique et subsidence." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAU014/document.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is centered on the detection and monitoring of surface deformation in northwest Turkey induced by a variety of natural (such as tectonic activity, slow moving-landslides, etc.) and anthropogenic (ground water extraction, construction activities, etc.) hazards and on the analysis of the related deformation mechanisms and their environmental consequences. In this work, I computed Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) time series to examine ground deformation evolution for three different case studies associated to different geophysical phenomena and underlying processes. The focus of this thesis is two-fold : (1) to reveal and monitor the spatio-temporal characteristics of aseismic slip along the August 17, 1999 Mw 7.4 Izmit earthquake rupture, and discuss its potential relationship with lithology and geology (2) to investigate ground subsidence in urban or human-exploited areas induced by various factors, and discuss the relative roles of tectonics, lithology and anthropogenic activities in such ground motion.In the first case-study, I combined InSAR measurements, based on X-band TerraSAR-X and C-band Sentinel-1 A-B radar images acquired over the period 2011-2017, with near field GPS measurements, performed every 6 months from 2014 to 2016, as well as creep meter measurements to examine the surface velocity field around the NAF after the 1999 Izmit earthquake. In this study, the Stanford Method for Persistent Scatterers InSAR package (StaMPS) was employed to process series of Sentinel 1 A-B (acquired along ascending and descending orbits) and TerraSAR-X (ascending orbits) radar images. The InSAR horizontal mean velocity fields reveal that the creep rate on the central segment of the 1999 Izmit fault rupture continues to decay, more than 19 years after the earthquake, in overall agreement with models of postseismic afterslip rate decaying logarithmically with time. Along the fault section that experienced a supershear velocity rupture during the Izmit earthquake, creep continues with a rate up to ~ 8 mm/yr. A significant transient event with accelerating creep is detected in December 2016 on the Sentinel-1 time series, consistent with creepmeter measurements, near the maximum creep rate location. It is associated with a total surface slip of 10 mm released in one month only. The second case study deals with the identification and measurement of secular ground deformation in Istanbul from a long-term InSAR time-series spanning almost 25 years of satellite radar observations (1992-2017). This InSAR time series was computed from radar images of multiple satellites (ERS-1, ERS-2, Envisat, Sentinel-1 A, B) in order to investigate the spatial extent and rate of ground subsidence in the megacity of Istanbul.In the third case study, InSAR time-series analysis is calculated for quantifying the subsidence of the Bursa Plain (southern Marmara region of Turkey), which has been interpreted as resulting from tectonic motions in the region. In this study, the StaMPS is employed to process series of Sentinel 1 A-B radar images acquired between 2014 and 2017 along both ascending and descending orbits. The vertical velocity field obtained after decomposition of line-of-sight velocity fields on the two tracks reveals that the Bursa plain is subsiding at rates up to 25 mm/yr. The most prominent subsidence signal in the basin forms an east-west elongated ellipse of deformation in the east, and is bounded by a Quaternary alluvial plain undergoing average vertical subsidence at ~10 mm/yr. The InSAR time series within the observation period is well correlated with changes in the depth of the ground water. These observations indicate that the recent acceleration of subsidence is mainly due to anthropogenic activities rather than tectonic motion
Avsar, Ulas. "Evaluation Of Alluvial Deposits In Gemlik Basin In Terms Of Earthquake Odes." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12607247/index.pdf.
Full textMahmoud, Yasser. "Caractérisation géodésique de la déformation active du point triple d'Hatay (Syrie-Turquie)." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012STRAH006/document.
Full textThe Hatay Triple Junction (HTJ) cannot be described by a simple model with three major plates as proposed by previous studies. A more complex block model is proposed in this study by adding the Iskenderun block and Amanous micro block, the Karasu fault and Karatas-Osmaniye fault being defined as individual faults not as the extension of other major faults in the region. Our modeling assumes that the Maras triple junction is formed by the connection of the Karatas-Osmaniye Fault (KOF) with the Karasu Fault (KF) and the East Anatolian Fault (EAF). The KF shows a sinistral slip rate of 4.0±1.0 mm/yr and a compressional behavior with a compression rate of 2.1-2.7 mm/yr which contradicts the extensional nature proposed by previous studies. The EAF shows pure left lateral slip rate of 9.0±0.3 mm/yr with no significant extension or compression; the DSF has a slip rate of 3.5±0.3 mm/yr over the northern and southern segments; the KOF has a 3.6±0.7 mm/yr; the Cyprus arc has a clear compressional deformation with a revers slip rate of 2.0-5.0 mm/yr and with no significant strike-slip component. The relative Euler poles are estimated in this block modeling, we define the Anatolia-Arabia Euler pole at (27.61±0.98 °N, 45.127±2.45 °E, 0.391± 0.056°/Myr), and (31.012±1.51 °N, 46.464±4.44 °E, 0.202±0.067°/Myr) Sinai-Arabia Euler pole
Durand, Virginie. "Observations d'interactions sismiques et d'une phase de nucléation de grands séismes." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00934431.
Full textSakic-Kieffer, Pierre. "Apport de la géodésie fond de mer à l’évaluation de l’aléa sismique côtier : distancemétrie en mer de Marmara et simulation de GNSS/A aux Antilles." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LAROS018/document.
Full textMore than 70 % of the Earth surface is covered by seas and oceans. Several tectonic phenomena, among the most devastating, take place in ocean environment. For example, the subduction zones, which can generate mega-earthquakes associated with devastating tsunamis (Sumatra in 2004, Tōhoku in 2011), but also the underwater strike-slip faults. In many cases, methods of space geodesy cannot discriminate between a blocked or aseismic behavior, because the instruments are located too far from the area potentially deformed by the tectonic process. Thus, it is necessary to develop new techniques to extend conventional observation networks off-shore to map the deformation in the entire area. This thesis focuses on two seafloor geodesy methods, in order to assess the seismic risk evaluation. The first is the relative acoustic ranging, with an efective deployment of the Marmara Sea area. Our early results suggest a locked state at the segment of the North Anatolian fault of İstanbul. The second area considered is the Caribbean subduction. The working scale requires localization of the observed points in a global reference frame. We study ocean processes to consider, and detail a GNSS/A (Acoustic) methodology, consisting of acoustic interrogations from a precisely GNSS positioned surface platform, for a future absolute positioning experience of Guadeloupe
Grall, Céline. "La Faille Nord Anatolienne dans sa portion immergée en mer de Marmara : évolution du réseau de failles et migration de fluides." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM4371.
Full textThis study addresses the issue on the deformation and the fluid migration, associated to the North Anatolian Fault within the Sea of Marmara (Turkey).First, we aim to constrain the evolution of the fault network and the slip rate through time, by two independent approaches: - historical thermal modeling of a basin of the Sea of Marmara; - definition of a Mass Transport Deposit as a fault lateral slip marker, and dated by stratigraphic interpretation. We show that: - (1) the present day fault system, formed by a main fault which accommodated the main part of the inter-plate deformation does not significantly evolved since 330.000 ± 100.000 years - (2) a progressive reorganization of the fault network occurred since the last 2.5-1.5 Ma.Secondly, we discuss the triggers of Mass Transport Processes. We show that: - (1) despite submarine mass movements are related to tectonic activity (mainly earthquakes and crustal stretching), their frequency and their size are also modulated by glacio-eustatic changes; -(2) remarkable Mass Transport Deposits display some cyclicity in stratigraphic sequences which are apparently correlated to transitions between salty marine and lacustrine environments. This cyclicity is perhaps explained by marine clay activity (swelling) under low brackish-fresh water conditions, which can trigger sediment destabilization.Third, we investigate the diversity of active fluid seepages contexts. We propose that the widespread occurrence of fluid expulsion sites can be explained by up-dip gas migration by buoyancy along permeable strata toward their edges, and along fractures within the basement toward both the edges of the basins and topographic highs
Pérouse, Eugénie. "Cinématique et tectonique active de l'Ouest de la Grèce dans le cadre géodynamique de la Méditerranée Centrale et Orientale." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00842274.
Full textTokmak, Musa. "Earthquakes And Ancient Site Selection In West Anatolia." Phd thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614292/index.pdf.
Full textdistribution within the rock types both for ancient and modern settlements. The results of the study demonstrated that 1) the active faults produced attractive topography to settle, 2) people preferred the vicinity of the fault line as settlement location, and 3) they were not aware of the earthquake potential of their location. Therefore, because of the advantage of the location they did not consider to change the place as indicated by rebuilding their settlement repeatedly at the same place after it is damaged.
Bozukluoglu, Furkan. "STRUCTURAL ARCHITECHTURE OF THE WESTERN TERMINATION OF THE GEDIZ GRABEN IN AEGEAN EXTENSIONAL PROVINCE, WESTERN ANATOLIA." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1421520089.
Full textDrab, Laureen. "Etude multidisciplinaire le long de la Faille Nord Anatolienne, Turquie : Paléosismologie marine et paléomagnétisme en Mer de Marmara ; Etude géomorphologique du décalage de la rivière Kızılırmak par utilisation des isotopes cosmogéniques." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00736082.
Full textJaffey, Noah. "Cenozoic evolution of the strike-slip Ecemis fault zone and its implications for the mechanism of tectonic escape in Anatolia." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/12272.
Full textJaffrey, N. "The Cenozoic evolution of the strike-slip Ecemis fault zone and its implications for the mechanism of the tectonic escape in Anatolia." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.652925.
Full textKementzetzidou, Despina. "Étude sismotectonique du sysème Thessalie-iles Sporades (Grèce centrale)." Grenoble 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996GRE10045.
Full textFerry, Matthieu. "Adaptation of the paleoseismological approach to local tectonic regime: comparative study of the intraplate Basel-Reinach fault, Switzerland and the interplate North Anatolian fault, Turkey." Phd thesis, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00007036.
Full textUne étude intégrée complète de la région de Bâle a permis d'identifier la faille responsable du dernier grand séisme puis de retracer son histoire sismique holocène. Nous avons ainsi démontré qu'elle est le lieu d'un évènement de magnitude 6.4-6.7 tous les 2600 ans, en moyenne. De plus, nous donnons des indications fortes sur son prolongement au travers de la ville de Bâle, au nord, et du Jura Plissé, au sud. Ces résultats ont une incidence directe sur le niveau de risque sismique régnant dans la région. En effet, celui-ci a diminué d'un degré depuis la prise en compte de ces éléments jusqu'ici inédits.
Nous avons appliqué une approche similaire, quoique adaptée, à la faille Nord Anatolienne autour de la Mer de Marmara. Une campagne de tranchées menée sur la faille de Ganos à l'ouest et sur le segment Izmit-Sapanca à l'est ainsi que des profils de radar géologique ont mis en évidence plusieurs évènements récents et permis de déterminer l'amplitude des mouvements co-sismiques produits lors de ces séismes. Ceux-ci montrent clairement un comportement caractéristique des deux côtés de la Mer de Marmara, avec toutefois des déplacements co-sismiques différents : 4 à 5 m pour Ganos et 2 à 2.5 m pour Izmit-Sapanca.