Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Analysis body compositon'
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Blakley, Alivia. "Validity of Various Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis Devices vs the Bod Pod for Body Composition." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu155934084847866.
Full textBiver, Deborah J. "Analysis of body composition with use of body impedance analysis and skinfold calipers : a correlation study /." View online, 1988. http://repository.eiu.edu/theses/docs/32211998878708.pdf.
Full textAslani, Alireza. "Body composition analysis in the assessment of cancer cachexia treatment outcomes." University of Sydney, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/5293.
Full textIntroduction Cachexia is characterised by a marked weight loss and the presence of anorexia, anaemia, and asthenia. Although cachexia is often associated with the presence and growth of tumour and observed in solid tumours of the upper gastrointestinal tract, its presence is not unique to cancer and is often also present in most chronic, end-stage diseases processes. The loss of body fat, altered lipid metabolism, increase in the resting energy expenditure, and the increased loss of body protein the degree of which is associated with poor survival, are all hallmarks of this detrimental disease. The clinical aspects and consequences of cachexia can simply be summarised as morbidity, debilitating conditions, and mortality. The conditions such as loss of muscle mass, impaired muscle function, fatigue, reduced activity and functional capacity by themselves are enough to severely and significantly affect the patients’ QL. Although different interventional procedures and therapies are available for the treatment of cachexia and its symptoms, effective methods to evaluate their benefits and outcomes have not been tested or investigated. It was, therefore, the aim of this project to use body composition analysis as a clinical tool and evaluate the effectiveness and outcome of interventional and therapeutic procedures in three groups of patients with cancer. Methods Three patient groups were investigated: 1) patients with pancreatic cancer undergoing Whipple’s Procedure, 2) patients with pancreatic cancer undergoing cancer chemotherapy and receiving either EPA or placebo, and 3) patients with malignant mesothelioma undergoing cancer chemotherapy plus thalidomide or thalidomide alone. Body composition analysis techniques were used to assess the changes in TBN, TBF, TBK, and TBW. In addition, the body composition parameters together with clinical measures were also used to determine parameters influencing survival. The malignant mesothelioma patients were randomised into patients who received gemcitabine / cisplatin plus thalidomide and those who received thalidomide alone. The pancreatic cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy were randomised into the group who were receiving EPA and those who were receiving placebo. In addition, these patients were also investigated on the basis of their disease extent where they were separated into two groups of metastatic and locally advanced. Unpaired T-Test and ANOVA were used to determine differences between groups. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox’s Regression were used to assess survival in all three patient cohorts. The Whipple’s Procedure patients were separated into those who received a Clear Margin and those who received an Unclear Margin during their resection. Results 1) In the pancreatic cancer patients undergoing Whipple’s Procedure, compared to the base-line, there were highly significant changes in Weight (p=0.006), BMI (p=0.005), and FM (p=0.007) followed by significant changes in %BFat (p=0.016), TBK/Ht (p=0.021), LBM (By TBK) (p=0.023), LBM (Van Loan) (p=0.034), and LBM (Segal) (p=0.038) at the 14 week time-point. At the 26 weeks post-operative time point, the only significant changes were in the FM (p=0.012), %BFat (p=0.003), and BMI (p=0.027) parameters. There was also a deviation between the two groups in their TBN, LBM and TBW content observable in a long-term setting and fat content in the relatively shorter-term. Although the Unclear Margin group had lower body composition values, both groups seem to begin to gradually “equalise” around the 14 weeks post-operative time-point. The survival analysis results for the Whipple’s Procedure patients demonstrated that Margin Status (p=0.001), Fat Mass (p=0.003) and Age (p=0.081) were significant and could influence survival. 2) When the second cohort pancreatic cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy were analysed, they were initially separated according to the extent of their disease The results of the analyses of body composition changes between measurement time-points for the each group separately, suggested that the patients with locally advanced disease maintain their Weight, FM, and TBN but are more likely to have a lower TBW by the end of the four month of chemotherapy. However, the patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer maintain their TBW but are more likely to have a decreased fat compartment and a higher FFM. The QL analysis showed that the metastatic group are performing “worse” than the locally advanced group especially in term of their Dyspnoea, Nausea & Vomiting, and Sexuality. In addition, the Karnofsky score showed that the metastatic group are not performing as well as the locally advanced group. Furthermore, for the metastatic group there was an increase in the patients’ pain with a decline in mood and general performance as well as increase in gastrointestinal symptoms. Pain Card scores also showed a general increase for the metastatic group and a general decrease for the locally advanced group. When the pancreatic cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy were separated according to whether they received EPA or placebo, the results demonstrated that firstly, due to the fact that the patients were well randomised, the two groups commenced the trial with similar and statistically non-significantly different body composition parameters. Secondly, the two groups were also found to be statistically not different at their corresponding measurement time-points. And thirdly, the patients receiving placebo compared to those receiving EPA lost more Weight, and FM but less TBW throughout the trial. The TBK/Ht (p=0.044), TBK (p=0.042), and LBM (By TBK) (p=0.042), however, showed statistically significant differences where in all three parameters the EPA showed an increase compared to the base-line (pre-chemotherapy). Results of the survival analysis demonstrated that the use of EPA in this group of pancreatic cancer patients did not provide any benefit. In fact, as it was shown in the Kaplan-Meier plot, the group of patients receiving the EPA had a “worse” survival than the group receiving the placebo. The QL results showed that placebo group improved in their functional scales, but increased their Altered Bowel Habit scores with an increase in the perception of pain and decrease in relief from pain. The EPA group, however, showed a decrease in the Loss of Appetite, Dyspnoea, Pain, Pancreatic Pain, and Fatigue, and improvements in Role Functioning and Sexuality. 3) Results of the malignant mesothelioma patients demonstrated that both study arms show similar weight changes. In addition, body composition measurements indicated that the gemcitabine / cisplatin chemotherapy plus thalidomide group had a greater TBN loss and a greater TBW gain than the thalidomide-alone group. This loss of TBN and gain in TBW looked to be “concealed” in the weight. The results of the survival analysis carried out on the mesothelioma patient group suggested that haemoglobin levels (p=0.001), Age (p=0.007), and NI (p=0.008) are the parameters that can influence the survival of patients with malignant mesothelioma undergoing chemotherapy. Conclusions 1) The trend in body composition changes in the Whipple’s Procedure group showed that, although both groups may start with non-significantly different body composition, they tended to grow closer around the 14 week point indicating that the Clear Margin group may lose more than Unclear Margin group. The implications of these findings, therefore, were that once the most appropriate surgical procedure is performed, an adjuvant therapy regimen (such as chemotherapy) at around 14 weeks may have the most impact on the patient’s overall treatment outcome. 2) When the pancreatic cancer patients were separated by the extent of their disease, the results lead to the conclusion that the patients with locally advanced disease maintain their Weight, FM, and TBN but are more likely to have a lower TBW by the end of the four month of chemotherapy. However, the patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer maintain their TBW but are more likely to have a decreased fat compartment and a higher FFM. The QL analysis concluded that the results may point to a worsening and/or progressing disease which is consistent with classic metastatic disease aetiology. From the results of the pancreatic cancer patients undergoing cancer chemotherapy it was concluded that the use of EPA in this group of pancreatic cancer patients undergoing cancer chemotherapy with gemcitabine results in a non-significant reduction in weight loss, FM loss, and TBW gain with a statistically significant increase in FFM. The results of the survival analysis was, however, contradictory suggesting that patients receiving EPA may have a worse survival than the placebo group. The QL analysis here concluded that that EPA does improve the QL of this group of pancreatic cancer patients. 3) From the malignant mesothelioma group it was concluded that provided that the overall anti-cancer potential of gemcitabine / cisplatin plus thalidomide is comparable with that of thalidomide-alone, then by looking purely from the body composition angle one may be able to suggest the use of thalidomide alone in the treatment of malignant mesothelioma in this group of patients. From the results of the survival analysis, the fact that the Study Arm parameter did not reach statistical significance could indicate that survival in these patients is not affected by the presence or absence of chemotherapy with gemcitabine and cisplatin. The body composition techniques were used here as a tool to monitor changes in various body composition parameters to assess the outcomes, including survival, of the administration of different therapies and interventional procedures in these three groups of cancer patients. For these purposes, these techniques were demonstrated to be an effective and invaluable tool.
Duncan, Michael Bennett. "The use of bioelectrical impedance analysis for estimating the body composition of various fish species." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31531.
Full textMaster of Science
Radley, Duncan. "Body composition analysis : evaluation of methods in adolescents of varying fatness." Thesis, Leeds Beckett University, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.485476.
Full textCompany, Joe Ball Stephen D. "Body composition comparison bioelectric impedance analysis with DXA in adult athletes /." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri--Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/5697.
Full textFallah, Shokr. "Application of bioelectrical impedance analysis to detect body composition of athletes." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2003.
Find full textHOUTKOOPER, LINDA BRAUNSCHMIDT. "VALIDITY OF WHOLE-BODY BIOELECTRICAL IMPEDANCE ANALYSIS FOR BODY COMPOSITION ASSESSMENT IN NONOBESE AND OBESE CHILDREN AND YOUTH." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/183914.
Full textKelley, Edward T. II. "Comparative Analysis of Obesity Classification Methods in Aging Adults." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1429283749.
Full textJensen, Björn [Verfasser], Anja [Akademischer Betreuer] Bosy-Westphal, and Claus-C. [Gutachter] Glüer. "Bioelectrical impedance analysis in the assessment of body composition – methodological considerations / Björn Jensen ; Gutachter: Claus-C. Glüer ; Betreuer: Anja Bosy-Westphal." Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1211649288/34.
Full textCornish, Bruce H. "Swept frequency biompedance analysis for the determination of body water compartments." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1994. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/37154/7/37154_Digitsed_Thesis.pdf.
Full textBorup, Pamela Ruth. "Intensity of Physical Activity and Body Composition: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Young Adult Women." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3399.
Full textHastuti, Janatin. "Anthropometry and body composition of Indonesian adults : an evaluation of body image, eating behaviours, and physical activity." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2013. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/61740/1/Janatin_Hastuti_Thesis.pdf.
Full textBurkholder, William Joseph. "Body composition of dogs determined by carcass composition analysis, deuterium oxide dilution, subjective and objective morphometry, and bioelectrical impedance." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/40419.
Full textPh. D.
Svedin, Frida. "Body composition during fasting and non-fasting conditions measured with bioelectrical impedance analysis." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-33920.
Full textMcCrady, Shelly. "Response surface analysis of rat bone composition changes by dietary calcium and silicon." Online version, 2003. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2003/2003mccradys.pdf.
Full textDeighton-Smith, Nova. "Body image, health, and physical activity in pregnant women : a composite analysis." Thesis, Leeds Beckett University, 2014. http://eprints.leedsbeckett.ac.uk/2644/.
Full textSharpe, Jenny-Kay. "Body composition and energy expenditure in men with schizophrenia." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2007. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16961/1/Jenny-Kay_Sharpe_Thesis.pdf.
Full textSharpe, Jenny-Kay. "Body composition and energy expenditure in men with schizophrenia." Queensland University of Technology, 2007. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16961/.
Full textDandekar, Eshan M. "Comparative Analysis of Body Composition and Reference Values of Visceral Adipose Tissues in Various American Collegiate Sports." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2018. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1941.
Full textPerkins, Annette Elisabeth. "The Relationship between Diet Quality and Body Composition in College Women: a Cross-sectional Analysis." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2010. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2871.
Full textLiu, Ailing. "Body composition and its relationship to metabolic risk factors in Asian children." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2011. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/47432/1/Ailing_Liu_Thesis.pdf.
Full textSutton, Laura Jane. "Total and regional body composition analysis in distinct populations determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.502755.
Full textMa, Wan-yee Kathy, and 馬韻儀. "The relationship between bout detection analysis of physical activity,anaerobic recovery and body composition in adolescents." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31257422.
Full textSewell, Stacey. "The sampling of bodily sound in contemporary composition : towards an embodied analysis." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/1399.
Full textKang, Paul J. (Paul Ji Hwan) 1974. "A technical and economic analysis of structural composite use in automotive body-in-white applications." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/34697.
Full textScience Library copy in pages.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 163-170).
by Paul J. Kang.
S.M.
Keinonen, Marja. "The isotopic composition of lead in man and the environment in Finland isotope ratios of lead as indicators of pollutant source /." Helsinki, Finland : University of Helsinki, Dept. of Radiochemistry, 1989. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/26521537.html.
Full textDuncan, Scott. "Physical activity and obesity in children measurement, associations, and recommendations : a thesis submitted to the Auckland University of Technology in fulfilment of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, 2007." Click here to access this resource online, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/429.
Full textJonsson, Emma. "Correlation analysis between resting metabolic rate, body composition and physical activity in active and inactive men and women." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för medicinsk biokemi och mikrobiologi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-182808.
Full textAhmed, Marion Lynn. "Longitudinal analysis of the pubertal growth, body composition, and endocrine development in young people with and without diabetes." Thesis, Open University, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.495974.
Full textMiller, Daniel Jeffrey. "Design and Analysis of an Innovative Semi-Flexible Hybrid Personal-Body-Armor System." Scholar Commons, 2011. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3247.
Full textJennings, Dalton James. "USE OF BODY COMPOSITION IMAGING TO CALCULATE 3-D INERTIAL PARAMETERS FOR INVERSE DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF YOUTH PITCHING ARM KINETICS." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2020. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/2122.
Full textVigo-Valentin, Alexander. "The Food Behavior Considerations, Physical Activity Behavior Patterns, and Body Composition Indices of Adolescents in Puerto Rico." The Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1219429985.
Full textLiparulo, Timothy L. "The effects of varying hydration conditions on the estimation of body composition by bioelectrical impedance analysis, near infrared interactance, and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry." Virtual Press, 2001. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1217378.
Full textSchool of Physical Education
Boule, Normand G. "Exercise in type 2 diabetes mellitus, a meta-analysis of the effects of exercise on glycemic control, body composition and physical fitness." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ66015.pdf.
Full textBoulé, Normand G. "Exercise in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A meta-analysis of the effects of exercise on glycemic control, body composition and physical fitness." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/8492.
Full textGrecco, Mirele Savegnago Mialich. "Validação de Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) ajustado pela massa gorda obtido por impedância bioelétrica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17138/tde-13072012-143709/.
Full textObesity is defined as the excess fat and BMI has been one of the most widely used methods for the diagnosis of obesity because of its ease of application and low cost. However, this index has a major limitation of not differentiating adipose tissue and fat- free mass. This study aimed to validate the Body Mass Index adjusted for fat mass obtained by bioelectrical impedance analysis previously developed by Mialich et al., 2011. We conducted a cross-sectional study with 501 subjects of both genders, aged between 17 and 38 years, enrolled in graduate courses at the USP campus at Ribeirao Preto. The subjects underwent measurement of weight, height and body composition assessment by bioelectrical impedance analysis. In addition, information was collected regarding the eating pattern by applying a questionnaire develops by the researchers, and also on the physical activity questionnaire using the IPAQ. The student participation was voluntary and all subjects were evaluated only one time in the study and by a group of trained examiners. For validation we used the linear regression model, being the BMI-adjusted the independent variable and BMI-traditional the dependent variable. The sample consisted of 366 women and 135 men and it had a mean age of 20.8 ± 3.2 years and 20.3 ± 2.7 years, weight 76.9 ± 13.6 kg and 57.8 ± 9.2 kg, height 177.3 ± 6.7 cm and 163.1 ± 6.3 cm, BMI 24.4 ± 3.8 kg/m2 and 21.7 ± 3.0 kg/m2, fat-free mass, 60.0 ± 7.7 kg and 39.8 ± 3.8 kg, fat mass 17.0 ± 6.2% and 26.6 ± 6.2% for men and women, respectively. With respect to validation were found high and satisfactory R2 values, 91.1%, 91.9% and 88.8%, considering all individuals, men and women, respectively. We also defined new range classification of nutritional status for both genders, considering this new BMI, as follows: 1.35 to 1.65 (nutritional risk for malnutrition), > 1.65 and 2.0 (normal) and > 2.0 (obesity). It was also found that this new index has the capacity to capture more accurate obese subjects (0.980, 0.993, 0.974) whereas all individuals, men and women, respectively, and the cutoff points for body fat of 25% (men) and 35% (women), rather than the traditional BMI (0.932, 0.956, 0.95). Moreover, this study allowed the definition of new points to traditional BMI cutoff for the classification of obesity, and: 25.24 kg/m2 and 28.38 kg/m2 for women and men, respectively. The new BMI set was validated for the population studied and may be adopted in clinical practice. Further studies should seek their implementation in different ethnic groups as well as the comparison of this index with other previously described in the literature.
Young, Jennifer. "(The) Student Body/ies: Cultural Paranoia and Embodiment in the American High School." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1405542939.
Full textSerra, Giulio. "Characterization of a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry system for soft tissues assessment and their correlations with metabolic state." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/8922/.
Full textBotelho, Adriana Prais. "O efeito da suplementação com acido linoleico conjugado sobre o perfil lipidico e a composição corporal em ratos wistar saudaveis em crescimento." [s.n.], 2005. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/256208.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos
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Resumo: O ácido linoléico conjugado (CLA), um conjunto de isômeros de posição e geométricos do ácido linoléico com duplas ligações conjugadas, ocorre em pequenas quantidades em uma grande variedade de alimentos. O CLA pode ser originado no rúmen por meio da biohidrogenação incompleta de ácidos graxos poliinsaturados provenientes da dieta e também, pela dessaturação do ácido graxo C18:1 trans-11. Dessa maneira, concentrações significativas de CLA podem ser encontradas nas carnes, no leite e seus produtos derivados. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar o efeito da suplementação com ácido linoléico conjugadosobre o perfil lipídico e a composição corporal de ratos Wistar saudáveis em crescimento. Foram realizados dois ensaios biológicos: um em que variou a quantidade de CLA suplementada, e outro em que variaram as misturas comerciais de CLA utilizadas. Para o primeiro ensaio biológico, foram utilizados 40 ratos albinos, machos, recém-desmamados, distribuídos aleatoriamente em 4 grupos com 10 animais cada, de acordo com a quantidade de suplemento administrada. Os animais foram suplementados diariamente durante 21 dias com AdvantEdge® CLA (EASTM) nas concentrações 1, 2 e 4 % sobre o consumo diário de dieta, constituindo respectivamente os grupos AE1, AE2 e AE4, e com ácido linoléico na concentração de 2 % sobre o consumo diário de dieta, constituindo o grupo controle ©. Com este ensaio procurava-se identificar qual a quantidade de suplemento mais adequada para reduzir a gordura corporal dos ratos. Para o segundo ensaio biológico, foram utilizados 30 ratos albinos, machos, recém-desmamados, da linhagem Wistar, divididos aleatoriamente em 3 grupos com 10 animais cada, de acordo com a marca de suplemento administrada. Utilizando-se a quantidade de suplemento identificada no primeiro ensaio, os animais receberam diariamente, durante 42 dias, as misturas comerciais AdvantEdge® CLA (EASTM) e CLA One® (Pharmanutrients), constituindo os grupos AE e CO, respectivamente, e ácido linoléico, constituindo o grupo controle ©, na concentração de 2 % sobre o consumo diário de dieta. Durante os dois períodos experimentais os animais tiveram o peso e consumo de dieta monitorados a cada dois dias. Ao final de cada experimento, os animais foram mortos por deslocamento cervical sob anestesia (pentobarbital sódico . 46 mg/kg), sendo o sangue utilizado para as determinações séricas de triacilgliceróis, colesterol total e leptina e a carcaça empregada para a determinação da composição corporal centesimal. Para esta avaliação, foi removido todo o conteúdo intestinal para obtenção da carcaça vazia. Em seguida a carcaça foi congelada em nitrogênio líquido, fatiada, liofilizada, moída e armazenada a - 80 °C até o momento das determinações de umidade, cinzas, proteína bruta e gordura. A eficiência alimentar dos ratos não foi alterada com a suplementação de CLA em ambos os ensaios biológicos. Com relação aos valores séricos de triacilgliceróis, estes não apresentaram diferença significativa (p > 0,05) após a suplementação com CLA. Quanto aos teores de colesterol total no primeiro ensaio, estes demonstraram uma redução dose dependente após 21 dias de tratamento, tomando-se em conta as suplementações. No entanto, no segundo ensaio biológico, aos 42 dias de tratamento, a administração de CLA aumentou os teores de colesterol total dos animais. No tocante à composição corporal, constatou-se uma redução média de 18,0 % dos teores de gordura corporal dos grupos AE2 (11,2 %) e AE4 (11,6 %), quando comparados ao teor do grupo controle (13,9 %). A mesma redução foi observada no segundo ensaio biológico nos grupos AE e CO, em relação ao controle (18,1 %, 16,7 % e 21,2 %, respectivamente). Após 42 dias de suplementação com CLA, os animais dos grupos AE e CO, no segundo ensaio biológico, obtiveram aumento de 7,5 % nos teores de cinzas e diminuição de 22,4 % da concentração sérica de leptina. Tendo em vista os resultados encontrados, pôde-se concluir que a suplementação com ácido linoléico conjugado na concentração de 2 % sobre o consumo médio diário de dieta reduziu a gordura corporal e aumentou os teores de cinzas em ratos
Abstract: Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), a group of positional and geometric isomers of linoleic acid with conjugated double bonds, occurs in small quantities in a wide variety of foods. CLA can originate in the rumen by biohydrogenation of fatty acids from ingested food, and by the desaturation of the trans-11 C18:1 fatty acid. Thus, significant concentrations of CLA are found in beef, milk and dairy products. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of conjugated linoleic acid supplementation on lipid profile and body composition of healthy growing Wistar rats. Two biological assays were performed: one varying CLA supplement concentration in the diet, and another varying the commercial brands of CLA used. For the first assay, 40 albino male, weaning rats were distributed at random in 4 groups of 10 animals each, according to the amount of supplement to be administered. Animals in groups AE1, AE2 and AE4 were supplemented daily for 21 days with the commercial product AdvantEdge® CLA (EASTM) at 1, 2 and 4 % of food intake respectively, and those in group C (control) with linoleic acid at 2% of food intake. The aim of this first assay was to find the optimum amount of supplement for the purpose of body fat reduction. In the second assay, 30 albino male, weaning Wistar rats were distributed at random in 3 groups of 10 animals each, according to the brand of supplement. Animals were supplemented daily for 42 days at a concentration of 2 %, chosen on the basis of results in the previous assay. Group AE received AdvantEdge® CLA (EASTM); group CO was fed CLA One® (Pharmanutrients); and group C (control) was given linoleic acid at 2 % of food intake. Throughout the experimental period animals had their weight and food intake controlled every 2 days. At the end of each experiment, the animals were killed by cervical displacement under anesthesia (sodium pentobarbital . 46 mg/kg). The blood was used for the determinations of serum triacylglycerols, total cholesterol and leptin; and the carcass was used for determining body composition. Gut contents were removed to obtain empty carcass weight. The carcass was then frozen in liquid nitrogen, chopped, dried, ground and stored at - 80 °C until determinations of water, ash, protein and fat were performed. Feeding efficiency of the rats was not altered by CLA supplementation in either of the assays. No significant difference (p > 0.05) was observed in the serum levels of triacylglycerols after supplementation with CLA. Total cholesterol values, as measured in the first essay after 21 days of treatment, presented a dose-dependent reduction. In the second assay, however, CLA supplementation was found to increase total cholesterol after 42 days. An average reduction of 18.0 % on body fat percentage was found in groups AE2 (11.2 %) and AE4 (11.6 %), compared to the control (13.9 %). Body fat percentage was also reduced by 18.0 % in the second assay in groups AE and CO, compared to the control (18.1 %, 16.7 % e 21.2 %, respectively). After 42 days of CLA supplementation, animals in groups AE and CO, in the second assay, displayed an increase of 7.5 % in ash content and a decrease of 22.4 % in the serum leptin concentration. Considering the results obtained it can be concluded that the conjugated linoleic acid supplementation at a concentration of 2 % of food intake reduced the body fat and increased the ash content of rats
Mestrado
Nutrição Experimental e Aplicada à Tecnologia de Alimentos
Mestre em Alimentos e Nutrição
Newcomb, Joseph Lewis III. "A qualitative analysis of the effect of the remedial physical conditioning program on retention and attrition as it relates to Semper Fit and the P2T2 account." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/1643.
Full textAs the Department of the Navy and Marine Corps looks for efficiencies in Force End Strength Management and improvement to Sailor and Marine quality of life, Semper Fit may provide some answers. This research specifically focuses on the Marine Corps Body Composition Program (BCP) and Remedial Physical Conditioning Program (RPCP). The purpose is to qualitatively analyze a program for Marines who are overfat or on remedial physical training (PT) programs, focusing on the feasibility of Marines obtaining professional assistance from Semper Fit. The scope of this research evaluates existing programs and analyzes their beneficial affects in improving retention and attrition of RPCP Marines. The research shows that Semper Fit professionals would provide overfat and poorly conditioned Marines by USMC standards a consistent program through mandatory training in health, nutrition, and fitness. Semper Fit would directly support unit commanders with classes in nutrition, health, and fitness tailored for each RPCP Marine. Furthermore, this study validates the newly established Department of Defense Physical Readiness Test Standards recently adapted by the Department of the Navy as highly accurate. This study recommends the Marine Corps further expand Semper Fits role in support of the Marine and unit commander.
Captain, United States Marine Corps
Visi, Federico. "Methods and technologies for the analysis and interactive use of body movements in instrumental music performance." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/8805.
Full textRoman, Yuani M., Mariah C. Dominguez, Tommy M. Easow, Vinay Pasupuleti, C. Michael White, and Adrian V. Hernandez. "Effects of intermittent versus continuous dieting on weight and body composition in obese and overweight people: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials." Nature Publishing Group, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/624649.
Full textBackground: Intermittent dieting may be an alternative to continuous dieting for weight reduction. Objective: To evaluate the effect of intermittent dieting versus continuous dieting on weight and body composition in overweight or obese adults. Design: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Five databases were searched until February 2018 for RCTs comparing intermittent versus continuous dieting. Intermittent dieting consisted of two types: regular intermittent was caloric restriction interspersed with days of weight maintenance or ad libitum eating; intensified intermittent was caloric restriction interspersed with days of even lower caloric restriction. Continuous was continual caloric restriction. Primary outcomes were weight, body fat, lean mass, waist circumference, hip circumference, and energy expenditure. Data were pooled by the inverse variance method using random-effects models and expressed as mean differences (MD) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: Nine trials met the inclusion criteria (n = 782), six comparing regular intermittent vs continuous (n = 553), and three comparing intensified intermittent vs continuous (n = 229). Populations were heterogeneous: obese only in five studies, and overweight or obese (mixed) in four studies. Lean mass was significantly lower in regular intermittent vs continuous (MD −0.86 kg; 95% CI −1.62 to −0.10; p = 0.03). No differences were found for the remaining outcomes for both comparisons (regular intermittent or intensified intermittent vs continuous). There was low heterogeneity of effects across trials. Subgroup effects by time to follow-up, gender, per-protocol versus intention-to-treat, enforced exercise, and diabetes were similar to main analyses. Conclusions: This systematic review in obese and overweight individuals showed that regular intermittent dieting decreased lean mass compared to continuous dieting. There were no differences in effects for either intermittent vs continuous interventions across all other outcomes. In contrast to previous systematic reviews, this study suggested that lean mass is better preserved in continuous dieting compared to regular intermittent dieting.
Revisión por pares
Beato, Gabriel Cunha. "Concordância entre métodos de avaliação da composição corporal em mulheres obesas submetidas à cirurgia bariátrica /." Araraquara, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/153415.
Full textResumo: Objetivo: O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a concordância entre um equipamento de bioimpedância multifrequencial tetrapolar segmentar direta (DSM-BIA) e a água duplamente marcada (ADM) como método de referência na predição da composição corporal de mulheres submetidas à cirurgia bariátrica. Materiais e Métodos: Participaram do estudo 20 mulheres obesas mórbidas (idade: 29,3±5,1 anos; índice de massa corporal: 44,8±2,4 kg/m²) submetidas a cirurgia de derivação gástrica em Y-de-Roux. A composição corporal (massa de gordura [MG], massa livre de gordura [MLG] e água corporal total [ACT]) foi avaliada pelo equipamento InBody 230 e ADM nos períodos: pré, 6 e 12 meses após cirurgia. A acurácia entre os métodos foi avaliada pelo viés e pela raiz do erro quadrático médio enquanto a concordância entre os métodos foi avaliada pelo coeficiente de correlação de concordância (CCC) e método Bland Altman. A correlação de Pearson foi calculada para avaliar a correlação entre os métodos. Resultados: Foi observada correlação significativa (p<0,001) e boa/excelente CCC entre ambos métodos para avaliação da MG (r=0,84-0,92 CCC=0,84-0,95) MGL (r=0,73-0,90 e CCC=0,68-0,80) e ACT (r=0,76-0,91 e CCC=0,72-0,81) nos períodos pré e pós-cirurgia. Em adição, não foi observado viés significativo entre BIA e ADM para MG (erro médio [EM] = -1,40-0,60 kg), MLG (EM= 0,91-1,86 kg) e ACT (EM= 0,71-1,24 kg). Conclusão: A BIA, nas condições deste estudo, foi capaz de estimar a composição corporal de mu... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Mestre
Toffano, Roseli Borges Donegá. "Análise vetorial de impedância bioelétrica e ângulo de fase em lactentes de 30 a 90 dias de idade a termo, adequados para a idade gestacional." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17144/tde-28052018-174249/.
Full textBioelectrical impedance vectorial analysis (BIVA) can be considered a favorable method for evaluation of the body composition, due to the difficulties in the early life and excessive variability of the amount of water in the organism of the infants. It is a method that doesn\'t make any presumption on values of the body composition, which can be controlled by their own values, with no need for validation based on gold standards, not depending on equations or models. The aims of the study are to establish reference values creating BIVA curves, and to establish reference values for phase angle in term infants, healthy and appropriate-forgestational age (AGA), from 30 to 90 days of life. This study still intend to compare the data of BIVA between genders, among newborns and young infants, presented in the literature, and the ones obtained in this study. This transversal cohort study assessed healthy infants of a Community Centre for Social Medicine Vila Lobato, located in Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil. Data of infants, anthropometry and bioelectrical impedance were collected (singlefrequency - RJL System ® model Quantum II - 800 ?A and 50 KHz). Using bivariate normal distribution of R/H and Xc/H (resistance and reactance for infants length, respectively), graphs RXc with the 95, 75 and 50% tolerance intervals of the vectorial value of the impedance, were made through BIVA Software 2002. 150 infants were studied (48,6% girls), term, AGA, exclusively breastfed. The average age was 56,4 (± 23,1) days, average weight was 5038,5g, higher in girls (p = 0,001), and the average length was 56,0 cm (± 0,03), higher in girls (p = 0,001). The values of R (± SD) were 521,2 (± 52,1); 519,4 (± 53,4) and 523,0 (± 51,1) ? and for Xc were 39,2 (± 5,3); 38,6 (± 5,5) e 39,7 (± 4,9) ?, respectively for all the infants, and boys and girls, with no difference between the genders (p = 0,6) and (p = 0,1). Regarding to the phase angle, we found normal value of 4,3° (± 0,7°) for all the infants, 4,3° (± 0,6°) for male and 4,4° (± 0,5°) for female, without statistical difference (p = 0,36). For Bioelectrical Impedance Vector analysis of infants from 30 to 90 days of life, it would be interesting to use specific reference values for this age group and gender. BIVA model makes possible the direct comparison of the measured vector of the small children; still makes it possible for children needing special care, using the tolerance reference values of healthy infants. This comparison allows us a qualitative assessment of the body composition, with no need of equations. With the values of phase angle characterized in the present study for healthy Brazilian infants, from 30 to 90 days of life, critical patients data can be compared, being useful during the hospitalization due to severe illness.
Gondo, Fernanda Futino. "Análise de cluster para determinação dos fatores associados às alterações da composição corporal em pacientes com doença inflamatória intestinal." Botucatu, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/184154.
Full textResumo: A Doença Inflamatória Intestinal (DII) apresenta curso variável. O tratamento adequado da fase aguda pode levar à remissão clínica da doença, cujo seguimento ocorre ambulatorialmente. Nesta condição, os pacientes mantêm hábito de vida normal e alguns ainda permanecem com inflamação. Esta situação de doença e estilo de vida pode interferir na composição corporal e no estado nutricional dos pacientes. Doença de Crohn (DC) e Retocolite Ulcerativa (RCU) são doenças heterogêneas em diversos aspectos, dentre eles na composição corporal e no estado nutricional. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar clusters relacionados à variação do estado nutricional na DIl. Foi realizado estudo transversal com pacientes com DII, submetidos a avaliação clínica (Crohn’s Disease Activity Index (CDAI), escore de Mayo e uso de medicações), nutricional (recordatório de 24 horas, International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), peso, estatura, Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC), absorciometria por raios-X de dupla energia (DEXA), análise de bioimpedância elétrica (BIA), força de preensão manual, teste de caminhada de 6 minutos) e laboratorial (hemoglobina (Hb), hematócrito (Ht), Proteína C Reativa (PCR), velocidade de hemossedimentação (VHS), albumina). Com base nestes parâmetros, foram diagnosticados com Desnutrição (Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition, GLIM) e Sarcopenia (European Working Group on Sacopenia in Older People 2, EWGSOP2). Foram realizados testes estatísticos descritivos por meio do ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) presents a variable course. Adequate treatment of the acute phase may lead to clinical remission of the disease, which is followed in the outpatient clinic. In this condition, patients maintain normal life habit and some still remain with inflammation. Both disease and lifestyle situation may interfere with the body composition and nutritional status of the patients. Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are heterogeneous diseases in several aspects, including body composition and nutritional status. The aim of the study was to evaluate clusters related to the variation of the nutritional status in IBD. A cross-sectional study was performed with IBD patients, by clinical (Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI), Mayo score and medications), nutritional (24-hour recall, International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), weight, stature, Body Mass Index (BMI), dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), electrical bioimpedance (BIA), handgrip force, 6-minute walk test) and laboratorial evaluation (hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Ht), C-Reactive Protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), albumin). Based on these parameters, were diagnosed Malnutrition (Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) and Sarcopenia (European Working Group on Sacopenia in Older People 2, EWGSOP2). Descriptive statistical tests were performed by mean ± standard deviation for numerical variables with normal or median distribution and quartiles (Q1... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Doutor
Castizo, Olier Jorge. "Bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA) in exercise and sports practice." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/666587.
Full textEl análisis de impedancia bioelectrica (BIA) es una técnica no invasiva ampliamente utilizada en la evaluación de la composición corporal. Sin embargo, su precisión se ve comprometida debido a la dependencia de ecuaciones de regresión y suposiciones que no se cumplen con frecuencia. El análisis del vector de impedancia bioeléctrica (BIVA o BIVA "clásico") surgió como una técnica alternativa para superar las limitaciones del BIA convencional, basando su principal fortaleza en el uso de parámetros primarios de impedancia. Hoy en día, BIVA es una técnica ampliamente utilizada en medicina como herramienta para la evaluación de la hidratación y el estado nutriciónal en diferentes condiciones clínicas. En cuanto a la aplicación de BIVA en la investigación y práctica de ejercicio y deporte, el interés ha crecido rápidamente en los últimos años, aunque la literatura científica actual es todavía escasa y muy heterogénea. Por esta razón, en la presente tesis realizamos primero una revisión sistemática sobre el conocimiento actual en relación a las bases, aplicaciones, utilidad e idoneidad de BIVA en el deporte y el ejercicio (Estudio I). Además, trazamos las perspectivas futuras en este campo y sugerimos una agenda de investigación. En los Estudios II y III, nuestro objetivo fue proporcionar la primera descripción, en términos bioelectricos, de un grupo de jóvenes deportistas de élite de natación sincronizada y un grupo masculino no profesional de triatletas de ultra-resistencia, experimentados y bien entrenados, comparándolos con su población sana de referencia. Además, evaluamos la variación en el vector de bioimpedancia de cuerpo completo y la masa corporal después de un entrenamiento en las nadadoras y después de competición en los triatletas. Tras analizar los resultados obtenidos, concluímos que el análisis del vector de bioimpedancia es una técnica que tiene un gran potencial (aún apenas explorado) en el deporte y el ejercicio, especialmente para la identificación de lesiones de tejidos blandos y su seguimiento a lo largo de la recuperación. Sin embargo, el BIVA "clásico" no es consistente en la evaluación bicompartimental de la composición corporal y la posición del vector de los atletas en relación a su población de referencia parece conflictiva en muchos casos. El BIVA "especffico", un metodo que propone una corrección de los valores bioelectricos en relación a la geometria del cuerpo, parece superar esta limitación. En cualquier caso, se encontraron distribuciónes bioeléctricas especificas en nadadoras de natación sincronizada y en triatletas en comparación con su población sana de referencia. En relación a esto, el Estudio II genera por primera vez elipses de tolerancia específica en un grupo femenino de deportistas. Ademas, BIVA mostró diferencias bioeléctricas entre las nadadoras de diferentes edades y niveles de rendimiento. Asimismo, el Estudio III tambien informó sobre diferencias bioeléctricas entre los triatletas de diferentes nivel deportivo. Con respecto a la evaluación del estado de hidratación a través del BIVA "clasico", éste no es un método valido para identificar la deshidratación en atletas. Sin embargo, los cambios en el vector son consistentes con la pérdida de fluidos inducidos por un entrenamiento de natación sincronizada de alta intensidad y por una competición de triatlón de ultra-resistencia, independientemente de la edad y el nivel de rendimiento deportivo. Además, la migración del vector parece consistente con la recuperación de Iíquidos 48 horas despues de la carrera de triatlón. Sin embargo, se necesita investigar más acerca de la relación entre la señal bioeléctrica y las adaptaciones fisiológicas inducidas por diferentes tipos de ejercicio, especialmente en cómo son alteradas la estructura y la función celular, y cómo estas afectan al comportamiento de la resistencia y, en particular, al de la reactancia.
Osco, Karla Minacca. "Análise de parâmetros de impedância bioelétrica, bioquímicos, morfológicos e funcionais em idosos sarcopênicos e não sarcopênicos submetidos a treinamento resistido convencional e com resistência elástica : ensaio clínico aleatório /." Presidente Prudente, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/181393.
Full textResumo: A população idosa com idade igual ou superior a 60 anos dobrou na última metade do século XX. O envelhecimento é um processo inevitável com consequências deletérias e progressivas para o corpo humano, comprometendo os seus diferentes sistemas, tais como o fisiológico, o morfológico, o funcional e o endócrino. A perda progressiva de massa e força muscular, associada à função é denominada sarcopenia, e como consequência, promove maior risco para incapacidade funcional, fragilidade, quedas, fraturas, hospitalizações, institucionalizações, óbito precoce e alterações imunológicas. Em idosos as alterações no sistema imunológico podem ocorrer devido ao aumento da concentração sanguínea de citocinas pró-inflamatórias que agrava o estado sarcopênico, acarretando um processo de inflamação crônica de baixo grau (LGI, low grade inflammation). Dentre os parâmetros observados na avaliação da sarcopenia, a análise de impedância bioelétrica (BIA) vem sendo utilizada há tempo para mensuração dos diferentes componentes corporais dentro do sistema morfológico, especialmente os tecidos adiposo e muscular. Mais recentemente, parâmetros brutos da BIA (R, resistência e Xc, reatância) têm sido utilizados para a avaliação da saúde celular (PhA, ângulo de fase e a análise de vetores de impedância bioelétrica (BIVA, bioimpedance vector analysis). Com a finalidade de reverter ou atenuar os efeitos deletérios do envelhecimento, programas de treinamento físico, mais especificamente o treinamento resistido... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Mestre
Spaniol, Ulrike I. L. "Auswirkungen des Ernährungszustandes auf die Verträglichkeit einer Chemotherapie bei Patientinnen mit gynäkologischen Malignomen." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Medizinische Fakultät - Universitätsklinikum Charité, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/15131.
Full textIn clinical diagnostics the nutritional status is becoming more and more of interest. The nutritional status is closely connected with morbidity and mortality. It is usually evaluated by the body mass index (BMI). An exact estimation of nutritional status can be given by the measurement of body composition. The bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) allows a quick and non-invasive measurement of the body composition for each patient. A main point of interest is the phase angle, which is measured directly. It gives a prompt view on the nutritional status. There is a relation between the phase angle and the ECM/BCM-Ratio, a sensitive marker for early signs of malnutrition which was validated in many studies. For patients receiving chemotherapy (CT) it is especially important that the application of the therapy is administered in the right dose and dose intensity. Adverse events often lead to a dose reduction or delay of CT administration. In a prospective clinical study we measured consecutively 40 women receiving chemotherapy for a gynaecological malignancy. BIA was performed before each course of CT. The study demonstrates that an evaluation of the nutritional status can be used to predict the risk for adverse events in patients under chemotherapy. The BMI showed not to be a reliable parameter to estimate the nutritional status. A decreased phase angle which is a parameter for a reduced nutritional status showes that a higher rate of side effects in chemotherapy can be expected .
Priepke, Sandra. "Lebensmittelpräferenzen bei Patienten mit gastrointestinalen Tumoren." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Medizinische Fakultät - Universitätsklinikum Charité, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/15470.
Full textLow appetite and weight loss are frequent symptoms in patients with gastrointestinal malignancies (TP). Knowledge about food preferences and nutritional habits of TP are important for the care and treatment of these patients. Nutritional habits, food frequencies and food preferences of 100 patients with gastrointestinal malignancies were analyzed using a questionnaire. To characterize patient’s body composition body size, body weight, body mass index (BMI), arm-muscle-mass (AMA) and arm-fat-mass (AFA) was measured anthropometrically and impedance Z, resistance R, reactance Xc, phase angel phi and body cell mass (BCM) by bioelectrical impedance analysis was determined. All these data were compared to a healthy controlgroup in the same age. Compared to the controlgroup TP ate an easy digestive diet like smashed potatoes, semolina pudding and tea more frequent and avoided lard, legumes, whole-mead products, alcoholic and carbonated drinks. No food preference could be found. TP undergoing cytostatical treatment during the study preferred high caloric and intensive tasting food like cream, broth, salty pastry and chocolate. In TP AFA and BCM were clearly reduced, but no difference in body weight and BMI was detected. Tumorpatients should care for changes in their taste, to detect early symptoms of reduced food intake. Investigations of the influence of cytostatical treatments on taste sensitivity are still needed. Early symptoms of malnutrition can be found using anthropometry and bioelectrical impedance analysis.