Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Analyse radiométrique'
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Omari, Khalid. "Analyse de la variabilité spatio-temporelle de l'uniformité radiométrique des sites d'étalonnage des capteurs d'observation de la terre." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/6409.
Full textBienvenu, Jean. "Détection et étude de phénomènes géologiques en Aquitaine : analyse et synthèse de données satellitaires thermiques, expérimentation radiométrique in situ." Orléans, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986ORLE0406.
Full textGhannami, Mohamed Ali. "Statistical Inference of Water Column Depth through Radiometric and Geometric Analysis of Spectral Imagery." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Brest, École nationale supérieure de techniques avancées Bretagne, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ENTA0008.
Full textThe complexities of mapping shallow water bodies, particularly coastal areas, have long been studied, yet a focused understanding of Water Column Depth (WCD) uncertainties remains notably lacking. While accurate measurement of these uncertainties is crucial for reliable bathymetric charts and safe navigation, current research has primarily focused on WCD estimation without considering associated uncertainties. Traditional approaches, whether radiometric or geometric analyses of spectral imagery, face distinct limitations in optically complex waters and featureless seabeds, respectively. Our work introduces a likelihood-based inference framework designed for robust estimation of WCD uncertainties through two main objectives. First, we develop a radiometric inferential approach based on Radiative Transfer (RT) modeling with Semi-Analytical (SA) techniques, enabling detailed analysis of uncertainties and inherent biases. Second, we establish a geometric inferential approach using stereo-photogrammetric triangulation to evaluate WCD uncertainties from a geometric perspective. These frameworks are validated through realistic simulations, focusing on understanding and quantifying WCD uncertainties. Our findings confirm the effectiveness of the likelihood-based inference framework in quantifying uncertainties for both radiometric and geometric WCD estimations. This research makes a significant contribution to passive remote sensing and marine science by providing reliable, comprehensive methods for assessing uncertainties in shallow water mapping
Kristóf, Dániel. "Application de la télédétection pour la cartographie et le suivi des écosystèmes forestiers : application à la forêt hongroise." Toulouse 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU30233.
Full textMonitoring subtle changes over long time periods using numerous satellite images is a challenging task. In this thesis, possibilities and limitations of the available data and methods are presented through three case studies. In the first one, the objective is to create a digital vegetation map by using a multispectral satellite image. In the second study, forestry applications of novel very high resolution satellite images are examined. Geometric correction and special data extraction methods are of interest. The third case study aims at the quantification of the effects of a water diversion on local forested ecosystems in the north-western part of Hungary. Numerous satellite images are used to carry out quantitative change analysis. The long study period, the large number of images and the objectives of the study require the application and testing of several methods, and the elaboration of new methods, especially for geometric and radiometric corrections and data fusion
Martin, Adrien. "Analyse des mesures radiométriques en bande-L au-dessus de l'océan : Campagnes CAROLS." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00850877.
Full textGoloub, Philippe. "Modèle radiométrique du polarimètre imageur grand champ POLDER : analyses préliminaires des observations en lumière polarisée." Lille 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LIL10147.
Full textRampnoux, Emmanuel. "Analyse, conception et réalisation de filtres planaires millimétriques appliquées à la radiométrie spatiale." Limoges, 2003. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/f43923e8-bfa2-4246-a406-2a8486f01c86/blobholder:0/2003LIMO0046.pdf.
Full textPham, Tu Quoc Sang. "Caractérisation des propriétés d’un matériau par radiométrie photothermique modulée." Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA112377/document.
Full textModulated photothermal radiometry, a remote non-intrusive technique, was used to measure the thickness and the thermal diffusivity of a metal plate and to characterize a layer on a substrate. A thermal model of 3D heating was developed with considering the thermal exchange by convection for a plate and the thermal resistance of the interface for a layer on a substrate. The sensibility analysis and the multi-parameter studies on the phase shift were performed by the code developed with the Matlab software. Simple formulas were obtained to determine the thickness and the thermal diffusivity of a plate and the ratio of the thermal effusivities for a layer on a substrate. The obtained formulas were experimentally validated for 100 μm - 500 μm plate thickness of various metals (stainless steel 304L, nickel, titanium, tungsten, molybdenum, zinc and iron). The uncertainty of the measurements was lower than 10 % for thickness and lower than 15 % for thermal diffusivity determination. The same technique was applied in the study on Zircaloy-4 cladding that may be of particular interest for the nuclear industry. It was found that the presence of the oxide layer of some μm thickness had practically no effect on the thickness and the thermal diffusivity measurements of Zircaloy-4 cladding. However, the observed effect of a phase shift on high frequency (> 1kHz) may open new perspectives and widen the field of the method application for semi-transparent layers and for very thin layers (of less than μm thickness)
Pons, Bernad Gemma. "Aide à l’interprétation d’images radar à ouverture synthétique : analyse conjointe des propriétés géométriques et radiométriques des images SAR." Aix-Marseille 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AIX30013.
Full textThe work of this thesis is part of the research efforts that are currently being undertaken on segmentation and classification to ease radar images interpretation. Our thesis contributes to this research by proposing a semi-automatic scene analysis approach to assist the interpretation of images acquired by a synthetic aperture radar (SAR). Mainly, it is focused on the application of segmentation methods to classification and object recognition problems. Its aim is to propose fast and simple methods, easily comprehensible by non-expert users in image processing. The proposed approach is a two-stage algorithm. First, a SAR image partition is obtained in a non-supervised manner by using a statistical active grid based on the minimization of the stochastic complexity. Then, discriminative features (statistics, geometrics and texture parameters) are calculated for each extracted region in order to classify them in a semi-supervised manner. A hierarchical approach is adopted. In practice, the proposed algorithm provides an initial land use classification as well as confidence measures for each region. This initial classification can be used as an aid to the image interpretation or as a source of information for further processing
Blanchard, Yann. "Analyse du potentiel de la radiométrie infrarouge thermique pour la caractérisation des nuages de glace en Arctique." Phd thesis, Université de Sherbrooke, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00753586.
Full textMbengue, Abdou Aziz. "Estimation par satellite de l'humidité spécifique au dessus de l'océan par radiométrie hyperfréquence." Phd thesis, Université de Versailles-Saint Quentin en Yvelines, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00737712.
Full textDepriester, Michaël. "Etude de composites à base de nanotubes de carbone par la radiométrie photothermique infrarouge." Littoral, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007DUNK0235.
Full textThis work relates to the study of the thermal and electrical parameters of composites materials. We have developed various procedures around the infrared radiometry which make it possible to measure with precision all thermal parameters of any type of solids materials. These procedures were developed starting from the expression of the surface temperature of the analyzed sample. They allow the determination of the thermal parameters in an analytical way without resorting to a procedure of numerical adjustment. For each procedure suggested, a theoretical study evaluate the precision on the determination of the thermal parameters function of the various experimental parameters. The sensitivity of the signal to the thermal parameters was also studied. The methodologies developped make it possible to study the thermal behavior at a given temperature or according to the temperature. Part of this work is devoted to the experimental validation of these procedures by the measurement of the thermal parameters of various samples : vitreous carbon, lithium tantalate, PZT ceramic. The evolution of the thermal parameters of some of these samples was also studied according to the temperature. The last part of this work was devoted to study the thermal and electrical behavior of carbon nanotubes based composites. After having reviewed the physical characteristics of the nanotubes and their applications, we have studied the evolution of the thermal parameters of KBr/carbon nanotubes composites according to their concentration in carbon nanotubes. The electrical conductivity of these composites was studied using the four points prob method and was compared with the thermal behavior. Although an electrical percolation is observed, no thermal percolation is noted. Various assumptions were formulated in order to explain this behavior. Several models available in the literature were used in order to model and to understand the electrical and thermal behavior of these composites
Brahim, Djelloul Ahmed Salim. "Radiométrie photothermique sous excitation aléatoire : application à la mesure de propriétés thermophysiques." Reims, 2008. http://theses.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00000830.pdf.
Full textIn this work we approached the possibilities of random photothermic radiometry as regards measurement, under low energy constraints of the thermal parameter diffusivity. In a theoretical stage, we showed: - the possibility by this method of leading to an identification of thermal systems when it is associated with a correlation analysis or a parametric analysis, implemented in the front face or in the rear face of the studied sample - the possibility by this method of leading to a correct estimate of the value of thermal diffusivity of a nylon sample or a sample of glass, there too by correlation analysis or parametric analysis, as well during an inspection in a front face of studied sample, as at the time an inspection in back face of this last. In an experimental stage, we then showed: - the possibility by photothermic method random in back face associated with a parametric analysis to lead to a good estimate of the thermal diffusivity of sample of nylon 6. 6, a sample of glass and wood, plaster samples, pyrex, of Teflon, polycarbonate and steel - the possibility by photothermic radiometry random in front face associated with a parametric analysis of leading to a good estimate of the thermal diffusivity of nylon 6. 6 samples
Masserot, Dominique. "Spectroradiométrie du rayonnement solaire UV : mesures et analyses." Lille 1, 2001. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2001/50376-2001-253-254.pdf.
Full textGagliano, Olivier. "Etude multi-échelle des transferts de chaleur dans les revêtements métalliques réfractaires." Aix-Marseille 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AIX30070.
Full textCause coating microstructure, global scale and local scale heat transfer study is necessary to monitor thermal properties evolution according to structure. The Odeillo GHF have two experimental benches for materials thermals properties measurements, based on periodic excitation methods. A heat transfer model, allows us to lead a sensitivity study and to solve the inverse problem. The coating resistance to thermal shocks, govern the tube operational condition maintenance. Samples are thermally cycled to the Odeillo GHF solar furnace, then we study the thermal properties evolution according to level damage. Locale scale allows us to clearly made the difference between a new coating an a aged coating for thermal diffusivity. At global scale, few precautions are needed because of the front face thermal measure are biased by the surface roughness
Roche, Jean-Christophe. "Localisation spatiale par subdivision pour l'accélération des calculs en radiométrie :." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00006752.
Full textBernier, Marie-Odile. "Mise en place d'une cohorte d'enfants exposés au scanner et analyse du risque de cancer radio-induit." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066744/document.
Full textMedical diagnostic exposure to ionizing radiation represents about 40% of the total annual radiation exposure in France. The CT scans, which represent only 5% of the total number of X-rays examinations, account for half of the total collective dose associated with medical diagnostic exposure. However, its use continues to grow, including in children, for whom the radio sensitivity is known to be greater than in adults. Several recent studies support an increased risk of leukemia and brain tumors after exposure to CT scan in childhood. A national multicenter cohort was set up at the IRSN since 2009 including 108 137 children subjected to at least one CT scans before the age of 10 during the 2000 to 2013 period in 23 French University hospital’s pediatric radiology departments. Children's exposure was assessed based on radiological protocols. It was observed high variability of doses according to the participant departments, reflecting the need for protocol optimization. Moreover, children with predisposing factor for studied cancers represented 3% of the study population, a percentage well above that observed in the general population. The linkage of the cohort with the National Register of pediatric cancers identified 106 incident cases of cancer in the cohort, 22 brain tumors and 17 leukemias. For children without predisposing factor, it was observed a non-significant excess risk of cancer according to the received dose, similar to that observed for the whole study population. For children with predisposing factor to cancer, the risk decreased without reaching significance, possibly linked to earlier non-cancer mortality in this group and then to a lower risk to develop later radiation induced cancer. The European project EPI-CT, which includes 9 national cohorts (including the French cohort), will include more than one million children and then will bring further results on this topic
Kherdali, Khalil el. "Etude, conception et réalisation d'un radar ultrasonore." Montpellier 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON20122.
Full textHermosilla-Lara, Sébastien. "Amélioration d'une caméra photothermique par traitements d'images adaptés à la détection de fissures débouchantes." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002DENS0042.
Full textCessateur, Gael. "Reconstruction du spectre UV solaire en vue de la caractérisation des environnements planétaires." Thesis, Orléans, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ORLE2037/document.
Full textThe knowledge of the solar spectral irradiance in the UV and its variation in time is a key problem in aeronomy but also in climatology and in solar physics. While the Extreme UV (10-121 nm) range is important for thermosphere/ionosphere specification, the Far UV and Middle UV ranges are essential for climate modelling. However, the continuous monitoring of the UV irradiance is a difficult task. Space instruments are indeed suffering from ageing but also signal contamination of many kinds. Because of the lack of long-term measurements of the whole UV range, most thermosphere/ionosphere and climate models rely today on proxies for the solar irradiance, which may however not reflect very well the variability. As an alternative, we proposed in this work to use a few radiometers with properly chosen passbands in order to reconstruct the solar UV irradiance. Using a multivariate statistical approach, we first characterize the high redundancy as well as the different features of the solar UV irradiance. With four passbands from already existing instrument, we test our concept : the solar UV flux is reconstructed with a relative error of about 20%. This work proposes then to define a new kind of instrument, which may use wide bandgap materials as detectors selecting moreover the spectral range without using filters. Filters are indeed very sensitive to the degradation. This new instrument could reconstruct very well some spectral lines important to the Earth thermosphere specification. This thesis finally proposes to model the impact of the solar UV flux on the atmosphere of Ganymede. We predict some atmospheric emissions in the framework of future space mission to Jupiter
Durant, Stéphane. "Propagation de la lumière en milieu aléatoire : rôle de l'absorption, de la diffusion dépendante et du couplage surface-volume." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale Paris, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00004154.
Full textLa majeure partie de cette thèse est consacrée à cet aspect : la détermination des paramètres de l'ETR pour un milieu contenant des particules de taille comparable à la longueur d'onde, aléatoirement disposées dans un milieu absorbant. Alors que les modèles pour l'obtention de ces paramètres décrits dans la littérature en présence d'absorption sont tous phénoménologiques, nous présentons une méthode basée sur une théorie de champ rigoureuse et qui permet de définir sans ambiguïté ces paramètres. Nous analysons par ailleurs le rôle des corrélations en milieu absorbant (diffusion dépendante).
Nous nous intéressons aux milieux fortement chargés pour lesquels les corrélations sur les positions des diffuseurs jouent un rôle fondamental et rendent le calcul très complexe. Nous présentons les premiers pas d'une méthode numérique capable de prendre en compte toutes les corrélations entre les paires de particules, ce qui permet de calculer le coefficient d'extinction au delà de l'approximation de la diffusion indépendante.
Enfin, nous cherchons à évaluer les propriétés radiatives d'un système couramment rencontré : celui d'une couche diffusante a la fois en surface et en volume. Nous étudions en particulier le rôle de la diffusion multiple entre l'interface rugueuse et le volume chargé.