Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Analyse les Modes de Défaillance'
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Khalil, Diaa Abdel-Maguid Mohamed. "Les modes rayonnés en optique intégrée : analyse et applications." Grenoble INPG, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPG0066.
Full textPurcell, Marc. "Analyse des modes d'interactions entre l'atrazine et l'appareil photosynthétique." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 1990. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/5710/1/000583656.pdf.
Full textHuber, Olivier. "Analyse et implémentation du contrôle par modes glissants en temps discret." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAT042.
Full textSliding Mode Control is a control technique with a long history, with research efforts dating back to the 50's. The basic idea is to define the control input as a discontinuous function of the sliding variable, which solely depends on the state, and to constraint the system to evolve on a manifold, hence the term sliding. Over the years a strong theory was build around this technique, but only in continuous time. In our context, this means that control input value can change value at any time. The discrete-time case is when the control input can only change at isolated time instants and the dynamical system on which the control is still a continuous-time process. The control input is therefore a step function. This case appears when the controller is digitally implemented, for instance with the help of a microcontroller. This kind of setup is nowadays ubiquitous in benchmarks and industrial applications. One of the main limitation of the applicability of sliding mode control is the chattering phenomenon that is witnessed when this control technique is applied in practice, but already in simulations. In contrast to previous approaches, we single out the chattering that is already witnessed in simulation, even with no disturbance and with perfect knowledge of the dynamics. This is called the numerical chattering and one of its distinct feature is the constant chattering, or high-frequency bang-bang behavior, of the control input. This naturally induces a chattering of the sliding variable. The claim that this type of chattering is usually predominant and that it is due to a bad discretization of the signum multifunction. The approach developed in this work was inspired by the research effort in the nonsmooth mechanical to properly simulate some systems like those with dry friction and/or unilateral constraints. The main point is to discretize the signum in an implicit fashion, that is its argument is the value of the sliding variable at the end of the next sampling period. With this change, the numerical chattering can be removed in the simplest cases, largely attenuated. The research effort was focused on classical sliding mode controller, rather than the higher order ones. The frameworks used to perform the analysis are convex analysis and variational inequalities. This discrete-time controller enjoys several interesting theoretical properties. First it is finite-time Lyapunov stable: the sliding variable goes to 0 in finite-time. The discrete-time control input converges to the continuous-time one as the sampling period goes to 0. The control action also attenuates the effect of matched perturbations. Also the increase of the gain of the controller does not affect the performances when the system is sliding. The twisting controller can be discretized in the same way and is also finite-time Lyapunov stable. This good theoretical properties have been verified in simulations, but also on experimental setups. Two tests were conducted: the first one on an electropneumatic system, where both the classical first-order sliding mode controller and the twisting algorithm were tested. The objective was to track a reference trajectory. The second one was an inverted pendulum on a cart with only the classical SMC. The goal was to stabilize the system at the unstable equilibrium. The analysis from the data collected during those experiments shows that the proposed controllers perform better than the their explicitly discretized versions. The performances are better and the chattering is effectively reduced
Mohamed-Benkadda, Mohamed Sadruddin. "Turbulence fluide : étude optique et analyse bispectrale des couplages de modes." Paris 11, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA112152.
Full textMohamed-Benkadda, Mohamed Sadruddin. "Turbulence fluide étude optique et analyse bispectrale des couplages de modes /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376080516.
Full textBouasker, Olfa. "Analyse du choix des investissements : options réelles et modes de production." Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010CERG0483.
Full textCette thèse traite du choix optimal des investissements à la lumière de la théorie des options réelles et de la prise en compte des différents modes de production. Nous proposons dans un premier temps plusieurs extensions du modèle d'investissement irréversible de Pindyck (1988): introduction de processus plus complexes pour décrire l'évolution de la valeur de marché et de fonctions de production très générales pour décrire l'activité de la firme ; prise en compte de l'aversion au risque dans un cadre d'optimisation dynamique. Dans un second temps, nous montrons comment les options d'échange de Margrabe (1978) permettent de résoudre certains problèmes de choix d'investissement. Nous en proposons diverses extensions et illustrations
Laffay, Pierre-Olivier Neveu Alain Quéméner Olivier. "Sous-structuration de systèmes thermiques par modes de branche." S. l. : Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2008. http://www.biblio.univ-evry.fr/theses/2008/2008EVRY0020.pdf.
Full textRoudet, James. "Analyse et comparaison des divers modes de conversion statique CC-CC : modes de commutation et sûreté de fonctionnement, performances CEM." Grenoble INPG, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990INPG0139.
Full textBonnet, Anne-Sophie. "Analyse mathematique de la propagation de modes guides dans les fibres optiques." Paris 6, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA066093.
Full textEvano, Benjamin. "Analyse semiclassique des modes d'oscillation chaotiques dans les étoiles en rotation rapide." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU30173.
Full textAsteroseismology provides information on the internal structure of stars by studying their pulsations. Among the targets of CoRot, Kepler or Tess satellites, there is an important part of rapidly rotating stars whose spectrum is still difficult to exploit. The poor understanding of the spectrum structure is one of the reasons for this difficulty. Asymptotic methods are effective to understand the organization of the spectrum and relate it to the physical properties of the star. Asymptotically, the propagation of acoustic rays is described by a Hamiltonian system. If the star is almost spherical, the dynamics of the system is completely integrable. However, the rotation flattens the star, resulting in a transition of the dynamics to a mixed regime with both integrable zones and chaotic zones in the phase space. In this thesis we study the oscillation modes associated with chaotic regions of phase space. The chaotic modes usually studied, e.g. in quantum billiards or optical cavities, have an irregular spectrum which follows a statistical distribution predicted by Random Matrix Theory. Stars differ from these systems by the fact that the stellar medium is highly inhomogeneous. In particular the sound speed is smaller near the surface by several orders of magnitude compared to the core. Thus, the travel time between two rebounds is approximately the same for all acoustic rays. Using the tools of quantum chaos, we show that this effect causes a regular spacing of frequencies in the spectrum of chaotic modes, which can be linked to an average sound speed in the stellar interior. This result provides a better understanding of the asymptotic structure of the spectrum of p-modes in rapid rotators
Özkan, Talip. "Analyse des mesures (rythmes) et des modes de la musique populaire turque." Paris 8, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA080378.
Full textTalip Ozkan, author of the present work, has been both a musician and field researcher at the turkish national radio from 1958 to 1976. He came to europe in 1977, and started beside his carier of virtuose concertist, advanced studies aiming to light up for the european audience the mysteries of traditional popular turkish music. This work presents the basic rythms ( ana usuller ) in 2, 3, 4, beats, the combined rythms in 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 beats ( birlesik usuller ), the complex rythms ( karma usuller ) in 10, 11, 12, 15, 16, 18, 20, 21, 25, 28 beats, and finally the changing rythms ( degismeli ). For all the rythms, many examples are given. Also, the reader will find a study of the various modes of this music: basic modes ; combined modes ; transposed modes
Bonnet, Anne-Sophie. "Analyse mathématique de la propagation de modes guidés dans les fibres optiques." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37612032p.
Full textGibert, Claude. "Analyse modale non-linéaire expérimentale." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00591587.
Full textDe, Blois Julie. "Quelques aspects du lexique des jeunes québécois, une analyse des modes de formation." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0004/MQ33610.pdf.
Full textPineau, Alain. "Analyse causale de la réaction des travailleurs âgés aux nouveaux modes de gestion." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/9006.
Full textJaber, Farouk. "Cristallochimie de complexes d'argent (I) d'acides carboxyliques aromatiques : analyse des modes de coordination." Lyon 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LYO10142.
Full textCaderas, de Kerleau Charles. "Analyse tridimensionnelle des modes de contractions ventriculaires sur des tomoscintigraphies synchronisées à l'électrocardiogramme." Montpellier 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON20159.
Full textShahriari, Alireza. "Analyse de sûreté de procédés multi-modes pâr des méthodes à base d'intervalles." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007GRE10064.
Full textWhile a system is in operation, one of the aims of the process safety analysis is to guaranty that the 1 physical variables of the system follow a certain trajectory and stay in a secure operating zone considering aIl the perturbations and the uncertainty on the real values of the parameters of the model and the measurements. An original solution for this problem which is proposed in this document is to consider the environmental perturbations and the ignorance of the exact values of the parameters of the model as uncertainty on the parameters of the model, characterize the support of the parameters of the model by intervals and to use the interval arithmetic to calculate aIl the possible trajectories of the system. To represent the behaviour of a complex system (a multi-mode system or a non-linear system), instead ofusing a complex single-mode model, a classical approach is to split the operating regime of the system into local zones and to represent every zone by a linear model which has a simple structure. Ln this work, we try to propose a solution to the identification problem of uncertain dynamic systems in the first time by a single-mode model and then by a multi-mode model in the process safety analysis context. This document consists of five chapters. Ln the first chapter, the objective of this work and the problem to be solved is explained. Ln the second chapter, the study of the literature of the problem is given. We then deal with the problem of the identification and the simulation of interval model in chapter three. To improve modelling quality and to increase the prediction precision, a methodological approach is proposed in chapter four to identify and to simulate multi-mode interval models. Ln the last chapter, the conclusion ofthis work is given
Moalla, Emna. "La distance et le choix du mode d'entrée sur les marchés étrangers : une analyse des entreprises françaises." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO30073.
Full textThis research examines the impact of distance on the choice of foreign market entry modes. The literature review highlights the interest given to the concept of distance and more specifically to psychic and cultural dimensions of distance. Nonetheless, this concept is controversial regarding its conceptualization and operationalization. Previous studies have sought to explain the choice of entry mode mainly by cultural distance. The results are heterogeneous and inconclusive. This research attempts to provide answers and clarification to the ambiguity identified in the literature by adopting a multidimensional approach to distance. Based on the framework proposed by Ghemawat (2001), this study develops several hypotheses concerning the different dimensions of distance (cultural, administrative, geographic and economic distances). These hypotheses are tested on a sample of 203 interfirm linkages conducted by French companies with partners located around the world. The results of the empirical study show that the national distance influences the choice of alliance mode (cooperation versus merger-acquisition). In the case of French companies, the findings indicate that administrative and economic dimensions play an essential role in the choice of foreign market alliance mode, contrary to cultural and geographic distances
Chorfi, Lahcène. "Etude mathématique et numérique des modes guidés dans un milieu élastique à symétrie de révolution." Aix-Marseille 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992AIX11034.
Full textLaffay, Pierre-Olivier. "Sous-structuration de systèmes thermiques par modes de branche." Thesis, Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EVRY0020/document.
Full textThis study concerns the simulation of thermal systems with multiple fields with a reduced-order method suited to a single body. Reduced models are constructed from modal branch eigenmodes. They are determined using a detailed model and allow the inclusion of non-linearities. The reduction is carried out by the simplified amalgam method which allows an automatic and immediate way to obtain a reduced basis which contains only a small number of modes from the original basis. The coupling between the different areas is carried out through a thermal contact resistance. It shows the need to involve an additional flux jump penalty term to improve the results. The numerical simulations carried out on test cases (microprocessor and radiator in 2D, metal block with hot cartridges in 3D) show the relevance of the method
Blanchin, Marie-Dominique. "Etude de nouveaux modes de détection en chromatographie liquide pour l'analyse des céphalosporines." Montpellier 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON13524.
Full textDusserre-Bresson, Quentin. "Les modes d’habiter périurbains et l’idéologie de la « société des loisirs » : une analyse France-Québec." Thesis, Paris 10, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA100005.
Full textThis thesis analyzes peri-urban living patterns through real estate developer projects from the 1960-1970s in Quebec and France. In fact, developers of Bromont and Estérel in Quebec and Cottages-de-Cernay and Port-Sud in France seize on the ideology of the leisure society to design peri-urban residential complexes. The historical retreat on this urbanistic conception of a periurban inhabitant offers the possibility of a synchronic and diachronic comparison of the appropriation of these residential complexes over the period 1960-2010. The analysis of appropriation is inspired by the conceptual framework and the progressive regressive method of Henri Lefebvre (1974). According to this theoretical framework, the appropriation is defined as a conflictual process between the ideology of the space conceived by the developers and the representations of the inhabitants but also as conflicting relations between the different ways of living these spaces by the inhabitants.This research is based on three types of sources: interviews, newspaper articles and archives. This thesis shows that developers have failed to design a specific way of living that adequately represented their urban project. The research details the complex game of social and political alliances and oppositions in favor of commitment, rejection and / or diversion by the inhabitants in relation to the conception of peri-urban forms of the years 1960-1970. As a result, this thesis provides an innovative view of the different trajectories of peri-urban areas observed since 2010 in France and Quebec
De, Castro Marcus Rogério. "Analyse des modes chaotiques dans un moteur linéaire à réluctance variable en vue du contrôle." Reims, 2010. http://theses.univ-reims.fr/sciences/2010REIMS016.pdf.
Full textThis study deals with a prototype of a linear switched reluctance motor. This kind of machine is very useful in many industrial applications that require high precision in position control. The low cost, robustness due to the very simple technology, and ability to operate in open loop direct drive, including the precise positioning over longer distances, are a few advantages. A disadvantage of this machine is the large traction force oscillation, compared with conventional machines, which generates acoustic noise and mechanical vibrations. This motor present a highly nonlinear dynamic because the discrete nature of torque production mechanism. The hard nonlinearity is mainly due to the strong dependence between translator position and air-gap permeance. Today numerical algorithms and computing resources have become very important and powerful tools in the development, simulation and analysis of dynamical systems in physics and engineering. In recent decades, new tools, such as ergodic theory of dynamical systems, have allowed easier access to the analysis of chaotic systems. The application of these methods allowed approaching from another angle the study of nonlinear control at the same time to open the door for a new driver speed/position generation. About a similar kind of machinery, some work on engines developed step-by-step, showed a lot of nonlinear phenomena. These dynamics also appear very complicated in the variable reluctance linear motor and gives rise to various open-loop behaviors described in this study
Hounkpatin, Houévi. "Les modes de gouvernance des associations : une analyse dans le secteur médico-social du handicap." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2022. http://www.bu.univ-rennes2.fr/system/files/theses/2022theseHounkpatinH.pdf.
Full textAs part of this thesis, we seek to understand how the governance of associations managing medico-social establishments and services is constructed. The associations of parents of disabled children which emerged at the end of the 1940s to become essential interlocutors of the public authorities in the implementation of social disability policies, formed the empirical ground of our research. The immersion in one of them, within the framework of a CIFRE contract, made it possible to identify the territory as an intrinsic dimension of their governance, to report on its historicity, changes in practices and in governance functions, through dynamic interactions between actors and transformations in the forms of public regulation of the sector. To achieve this, we mobilize the theories of governance of associations and deploy qualitative methods of collecting and analyzing data co-producted with actors in the field. Through the comprehensive approach developed, we identify, among other things, the managerial and territorial issues of this governance and arrive at a systemic model of governance integrating internal and external, plural configurations of governance at different periods of the life of the organization’s association
Ribahi, Karim. "Les modes amiables de résolution des différends - Analyse comparative des droits français, anglais et chinois." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO30057.
Full textThe crisis of justice existed for decades in France, England and Wales, affecting more and more countries like China. The same causes, economic, political and social liberalization, produce the same effects: increased litigation, the cost of the trial and the strength of the proceedings, even if the degree of the disease is different from a legal system to another. Resolve disputes otherwise then became a necessity. A necessity in terms of access to justice and guarantee of rights, but also in terms of cost not only for court users but for the state, which has led to change the legal system by promoting the emergence or the re-emergence of a new mode of social regulation: alternative dispute resolution (ADR) or alternative methods for resolving disputes (MARD), which are both informal methods, non-judicial dispute resolution. However, the MARD is far from being a copy of the ADR particularly because of legal and judicial cultural differences that exist in each legal system, in which the alternative phenomenon evolves. Despite these fundamental differences, there are many similarities in the implementation and operating procedures of the amicable process in France, England, Wales, and China. With ADR or MARD, the concept of justice is different from litigation. The solution is not dictated by an external third party, but by the parties, alone or with the help of a third party that they have personally selected. The freedom given to the parties is a specificity of the amicable modes. Far from being isolated, they enrich the judicial response to the dispute. They can be used alone or in coordination with the judiciary
Staffelbach, Gabriel. "Simulation aux grandes échelles et analyse acoustique de turbines à gaz industrielles multi-brûleurs." Toulouse, INPT, 2006. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00000245/.
Full textPollutant emissions restrictions have driven gas turbine manufacturers to employ new technologies and to operate these systems in extreme operating conditions where combustion instabilities may develop. Extended experimental and numerical studies are required to assess the danger to the turbine. For annular combustors, most tests are performed in reduced single-burner configurations. This thesis proposes to study using Large Eddy Simulation two phenomena that are neglected: burner/burner interaction and the impact of acoustic azimuthal modes on the burners. An additional issue considered is the effect of the pilot fuel injection on the flame stability
Navizet, Isabelle. "Modélisation et analyse des propriétés mécaniques des protéines." Paris 6, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA066309.
Full textLesaffre, Nicolas. "Stabilité et analyse non-linéaire du contact rotor-stator." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2007. http://bibli.ec-lyon.fr/exl-doc/nlesaffre.pdf.
Full textNowadays, more than ever, turbomachinery designers seek for increase the efficiency of their machines what could result in a loss of weight and a decrease in fuel consumption. The efficiency of jet engines depends strongly on the clearance between the rotating and stationary parts : the wider the clearance, the less efficient the machine. Hence it is desirable to reduce the clearance by as much as possible. However, reduced clearances increase the possibility of violent contacts between rotor and stator. Unfortunately this case of contact is highly harmful to such machines. As a matter of fact, under certain conditions it can generate instabilities or chaotic behaviours of the rotating parts. The large amplitude vibrations that result may damage severely the engine. Thus, it is fundamental for Turbomachinery firms to better understand the leading phenomenon responsible for the instability of the structure resulting from rotor-stator contacts. In this study, simple models of an elastic ring excited by rotating beams are developed, in the rotating frame, in order to understand the phenomenology associated with blade-casing interaction. Divergence instabilities as well as mode coupling instabilities will thus be underlined. The associated critical speeds will be expressed analytically as a function of the structure parameters. The inuence of rubbing will also be determined and the behaviour of the system resulting from this interaction will be studied through time integrations and frequency methods. Finally, a complete model of a exible bladed-rotor will be developed in the rotating frame too. Stability analysis of such a rotating structure will be made easily in the case of asymmetric rotating parts. Then the interaction between this bladed-rotor and an elastic casing resulting from an unbalance mass or from a shock on the stator will be analysed. Instabilities will also be underlined and correlated with those obtained when using the simple models. Cases where the dynamics of the stator drives the behaviour of the structure, resulting in static configurations where contacts are maintained between only some particular blades and the casing will be shown. When the dynamics of the bladed-disk plays a role in the dynamics of the structure, dynamic configurations will be underlined. Finally, chaotic behaviours of the system will be obtained in case of rubbing between the blades of the rotor and the casing
Lhommeau, Tony. "Modes de défaillance et fiabilité des modules IGBT en contraintes aéronautiques." Toulouse, INPT, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007INPT008H.
Full textThe "more electrical aircraft" target is to replace hydraulics actuators by electricals actuators this is need power interruptors, IGBT module. This choice raises the reliability and durability problematics in severe environment as the motor nacelle (thermal, moisture,. . . ). The study of the IGBT module fatigue behavior in thermal cycling, moisture and the dynamic comportment study of the assembly could to define the critical failure mode link to the assembly technology (solder). The follow-up of ageing effect on the IGBT module by acoustic scan and electrical us allowed to define the life time in high level termal cycling on which the failure appear. Two IGBT module numerical models, thermal and thermo-mechanical, us allowed to justify the experimental observations and predict from fatigue law the solder life time
Ayari, Moncef. "Analyse critique et comparative des contenus et des modes de communication de l'information télévisuelle en France." Paris 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA020024.
Full textBy this research, we try to analyse the contents, how to present them and how to communicate the televisual information through the three french public channels : tf1, a2 and fr3. While doing this work, we notice that the three televisual journals are nothing but an image, a profile of the channel through which they are diffused. To perform the televisual journal, many technical means are used in order to get the highest rate as far as audience is concerned. Hence the importance of the presentator's task. This presentator's success depends on the type of communication he established with his televiews :"the eyes in the eyes". Thanks to its "generique", titles, presentators and reporters, the content and the various techniques used, the televisual journal remains an intricate universe far from being classified with other visual programs. Eventually, we can say that the televisual journal reflects life except that life is so long and so eventful to be deeply dealt with by a televisual journal communicated in a limited period of time
Ag, Sid Ahmad Ibrahim Ag Abdoulaye, and Sid Ahmad Ibrahim Ag Abdoulaye Ag. "Analyse des modes de coordination verticale dans la filière d'exportation de la mangue fraîche au Mali." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/38089.
Full textCette étude met un accent sur les modes de coordination verticale identifiés dans la filière d’exportation de la mangue fraîche malienne. En effet, nos analyses ont porté sur l’identification, la description et la caractérisation des modes de coordination verticale dans la filière d’exportation de la mangue fraîche malienne. En plus, des recommandations ont été formulées aux acteurs de la filière en matière de coordination verticale qui réduit les problèmes de qualité (réductions des pertes) et qui favorise un meilleur partage des bénéfices. Un cadre d’analyse portant sur la théorie des coûts de transaction a été privilégié pour comprendre l’existence ou la coexistence des différents modes de coordination verticale identifiés dans la filière. Par la suite, une grille d’analyse sur les caractéristiques des modes de coordination verticale a été élaborée à partir de Williamson (1991) ; Masten et Soussier (2000) ; Peterson et al. (2001) ; OCDE (2007) et Geyskens et al. (2006) afin d’analyser les modes de coordination verticale identifiés dans cette étude. De plus, des investigations ont été menées dans les différents bassins de production de la mangue au Mali en vue de rencontrer les acteurs ciblés par cette recherche (producteur, pisteurs et exportateurs) dans le but de collecter les informations nécessaires pour répondre à nos objectifs de recherche. Aussi, l’approche choisie est de type qualitatif qui combine l’utilisation d’un questionnaire et des guides d’entretien. À partir de nos analyses, quatre modes de coordination verticale ont été identifiés dans la filière d’exportation de la mangue fraîche malienne, il s’agit de : (i) le marché au comptant, (ii) le contrat écrit (formel) (iii) le contrat relationnel (verbal ou informel) et (iv) l’intégration verticale. Ces modes de coordination verticale sont différents selon les caractéristiques élaborées dans notre grille d’analyse, comme on a pu le constater dans l’analyse des données collectées sur le terrain. Mots-clés : Coordination verticale, contrat relationnel, contrat écrit, intégration verticale, coût de transaction, filière, actif spécifique.
This study focuses on the vertical coordination methods identified in the export chain of fresh Malian mango. In fact, our analyzes focused on the identification, description and characterization of vertical coordination methods in the Malian fresh mango export sector. In addition, recommendations were made to the actors of the sector in terms of vertical coordination that reduces quality problems (loss reduction) and promotes a better sharing of benefits. An analytical framework on the theory of transaction costs was favored to understand the existence or coexistence of the different modes of vertical coordination identified in the sector. Subsequently, an analysis grid on the characteristics of vertical coordination modes was developed from Williamson (1991); Masten and Soussier (2000); Peterson & al. (2001); OECD (2007) and Geyskens & al. (2006) to analyze the vertical coordination modes identified in this study. In addition, investigations were carried out in the various production basins of mango in Mali in order to meet the actors targeted by this research (producer, trackers and exporters) in order to collect the information necessary to meet our objectives of research, the chosen approach is of a qualitative type that combines the use of a questionnaire and interview guides. Based on our analyzes, four modes of vertical coordination have been identified in the Malian fresh mango export chain, namely: (i) the spot market, (ii) the written (formal) contract ( iii) the relational contract (verbal or informal) and (iv) vertical integration. These vertical coordination modes are different according to the characteristics elaborated in our analysis grid, as we have seen in the analysis of data collected in the field. Keywords: Vertical coordination, relationship contract, written contract, vertical integration, transaction cost, sector, specific asset.
This study focuses on the vertical coordination methods identified in the export chain of fresh Malian mango. In fact, our analyzes focused on the identification, description and characterization of vertical coordination methods in the Malian fresh mango export sector. In addition, recommendations were made to the actors of the sector in terms of vertical coordination that reduces quality problems (loss reduction) and promotes a better sharing of benefits. An analytical framework on the theory of transaction costs was favored to understand the existence or coexistence of the different modes of vertical coordination identified in the sector. Subsequently, an analysis grid on the characteristics of vertical coordination modes was developed from Williamson (1991); Masten and Soussier (2000); Peterson & al. (2001); OECD (2007) and Geyskens & al. (2006) to analyze the vertical coordination modes identified in this study. In addition, investigations were carried out in the various production basins of mango in Mali in order to meet the actors targeted by this research (producer, trackers and exporters) in order to collect the information necessary to meet our objectives of research, the chosen approach is of a qualitative type that combines the use of a questionnaire and interview guides. Based on our analyzes, four modes of vertical coordination have been identified in the Malian fresh mango export chain, namely: (i) the spot market, (ii) the written (formal) contract ( iii) the relational contract (verbal or informal) and (iv) vertical integration. These vertical coordination modes are different according to the characteristics elaborated in our analysis grid, as we have seen in the analysis of data collected in the field. Keywords: Vertical coordination, relationship contract, written contract, vertical integration, transaction cost, sector, specific asset.
Guenneau, Sébastien. "Homogénéisation des quasi-cristaux et analyse des modes dans des fibres optiques de type cristal photonique." Aix-Marseille 1, 2001. https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01853818.
Full textHoëppe, Frédéric. "Analyse du comportement électromagnétique des chambres réverbérantes à brassage de modes par l'utilisation de simulations numériques." Lille 1, 2001. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2001/50376-2001-177-178.pdf.
Full textVaivre, Florence. "Les pays dans la dynamique intercommunale : Analyse des jeux d'acteurs et des modes de construction territoriale." Besançon, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001BESA1011.
Full textHoëppe, Frédéric Démoulin Bernard Gineste P. N. "Analyse du comportement électromagnétique des chambres réverbérantes à brassage de modes par l'utilisation de simulations numériques." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2001. http://www.univ-lille1.fr/bustl-grisemine/pdf/extheses/50376-2001-177-178.pdf.
Full textBeffy, Jean-Luc. "Approche des structures ternaires en écologie par l'analyse en composantes principales à trois modes." Lyon 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO10057.
Full textErrard, Josquin. "A hunt for cosmic microwave background B-modes in the sytematic contaminants jungle." Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA077260.
Full textThis thesis presents a study of selected instrumental and astrophysical systematics, which may affect the performance of new generation of future observations of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) polarization. It elaborates on their impact on the science goals of those observations and discusses techniques and approaches for their removal. Its focus is on general issues typical of entire classes of experiments, but also on specific problems as encountered in the context of a CMB B-mode experiment, POLARBEAR. The main target of the CMB polarization effort undergoing currently in the field is a detection of the primordial B-modes anisotropies — a so far undetected signature of the inflationary theories. This would have far-reaching impact on our understanding of the universe but also fundamental laws of physics. Understanding, modelling, and ultimately removal of the systematics are essential steps in any modern CMB analyste pipeline and their successful accomplishment, together with a high instrumental sensitivity, will decide of a final success of the entire effort. In this thesis I first describe optics of typical CMB experiments and introduce a parametrization of instrumental and cross-polarisation affects particularly convenient for the analysis of their impact. Second, I present a model describing the atmospheric contamination and use it to provide some insights about the atmosphere's role and its impact on performance of ground-based experiments. I also outline how it could be used further to improve control of atmospheric effects in the CMB data analysis. Then, I discuss another source of sky systematics — the polarized astrophysical foregrounds. In this context I present on the one hand a new approach to forecasting performance of the future experiments, which accounts for the presence of the foregrounds, white on the other I propose a framework for optimizing hardware of such experiments to let them achieve better performance. This part of thesis stems from a commun work with dm. F. Stivoli and R. Stompor. I finally present one of the leading CMB polarization experiment POLARBEAR, in which I have been involved in over the course of my PhD studies. I describe its current status and performance as well as selected steps of its data analysis pipeline. In particular, I show methods to estimate some of the parameters introduced for the systematics modeling from simulated data. This work has been performed in collaboration with mernbers of the POLARBEAR team
Moussi, El Hadi. "Analyse de structures vibrantes dotées de non-linéarités localisées à jeu à l'aide des modes non-linéaires." Phd thesis, Aix-Marseille Université, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00933366.
Full textSanchez, Torrès José Libardo. "Vulnérabilité, Interdépendance et Analyse des Risques des Postes Sources et des Modes d'Exploitation décentralises des Réseaux Electriques." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01024471.
Full textSanchez, Torres José Libardo. "Vulnérabilité, interdépendance et analyse des risques des postes sources et des modes d’exploitation décentralisés des réseaux électriques." Thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013GRENT104/document.
Full textIn view of the increasing use of Information and Communication Technol-ogies in power systems, it is essential to study the interdependencies between these coupled heterogeneous systems. This thesis focuses on the modeling of multi- infrastructure systems. This includes interdependencies and the three major failures families: common mode, escalat-ing and cascading. It is indeed necessary to identify the weaknesses that can trigger one or multiple failure(s) and cascade through these interdependent infrastructures, causing unex-pected and increasingly more serious failures to other infrastructures. In this context, different approaches, based on the theory of Complex Networks, are developed to identify the most critical components in the coupled heterogeneous system. One of the major scientific barriers addressed in this thesis is the development of a unified mathematical model to represent the behavior
Moussi, El hadi. "Analyse de structures vibrantes dotées de non-linéarités localisées à jeu à l'aide des modes non-linéaires." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM4792/document.
Full textThis work is a collaboration between EDF R&D and the Laboratory of Mechanics and Acoustics. The objective is to develop theoretical and numerical tools to compute nonlinear normal modes (NNMs) of structures with localized nonlinearities.We use an approach combining the harmonic balance and the asymptotic numerical methods, known for its robustness principally for smooth systems. Regularization techniques are used to apply this approach for the study of nonsmooth problems. Moreover, several aspects of the method are improved to allow the computation of NNMs for systems with a high number of degrees of freedom (DOF). Finally, the method is implemented in Code_Aster, an open-source finite element solver developed by EDF R&D.The nonlinear normal modes of a two degrees-of-freedom system are studied and some original characteristics are observed. These observations are then used to develop a methodology for the study of systems with a high number of DOFs. The developed method is finally used to compute the NNMs for a model U-tube of a nuclear plant steam generator. The analysis of the NNMs reveals the presence of an interaction between an out-of-plane (low frequency) and an in-plane (high frequency) modes, a result also confirmed by the experiment. This modal interaction is not possible using linear modal analysis and confirms the interest of NNMs as a diagnostic tool in structural dynamics
Tine, Modou. "Etude à haute résolution des spectres infrarouges d'un isotope rare HTO de la vapeur d'eau et des états excités de H2Te présentant un comportement en modes locaux." Paris 11, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA112206.
Full textIn the first part of this thesis an analysis of the high-resolution spectrum of the HTO molecule nu3 band, from 3500 to 3890 cm-1, was undertaken. The rotational transitions of this band were assigned using combination differences. Their wavenumbers were analyzed with a least squares fit program in order to obtain spectroscopic parameters. A perturbing state was evidenced. With a view towards building a spectroscopic data base for this band, a calculation of the dipole moment function was undertaken. In the second part of this thesis, an analysis of the high-resolution spectrum of H2Te was carried out in the 4500 to 6000 cm-1 region. Two vibrational bands were observed which were assigned as the (30±,0) ? (00+,0) et (20±,1) ? (00+,0) bands. Rotational transitions were afterwards assigned. For the (30±,0) ? (00+,0) band, wavenumbers could be reproduced using only one set of rotational constants plus a Coriolis coupling term for the the upper vibrational state. In agreement with local mode theory, this clearly shows that the (30±,0) states displays a local mode behavior. This was not the case for the (20±,1) states characterized by lower energies
Lasbeur, Linda. "Modes de contrôle de la fécondité en Afrique de l’Ouest : analyse comparative (Sénégal, Mali, Burkina Faso et Ghana)." Paris 10, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA100196.
Full textThis research focuses on fertility control and especially contraception in Western Africa (Mali, Senegal, Ghana and Burkina Faso), based on data from the D. H. S. We first describe the social and demographic characteristics of the women (residence and level of education) using the Bongaarts model. To comprehend why some sexually active and fertile women who wish to limit their number of children do not use contraceptive methods, we used the Lesthaeghe model. And to understand obstacles to birth control, we conducted group interviews in Senegal. Social characteristics do not account completely for attitudes towards birth control techniques. Individual experience can influence resorting to contraception and apprehending social interaction helps in comprehending social change
Dupré-Lévêque, Delphine. "La vieillesse au-delà du mythe : analyse comparative des modes de vie des personnes âgées (Dordogne-Côtes d'Armor)." Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR21012.
Full textDubé, Martine. "Étude terminologique et analyse des modes de formation de 50 notions sur le traitement automatique des langues naturelles /." Thèse, Québec : Université Laval, École des gradués, 1990. http://theses.uqac.ca.
Full text"Mémoire présenté pour l'obtention du grade maître es arts (M.A.) dans le cadre d'une entente entre l'Université Laval et l'Université du Québec à Chicoutimi" CaQCU Bibliogr.: f. 137-141. Document électronique également accessible en format PDF. CaQCU
Ntavyohanyuma, Pie. "Modes de production et comportements démographiques : une analyse contextuelle et historique du déclin de la fécondité au Rwanda /." Louvain-la-Neuve : Paris : Academia-Bruylant ; l'Harmattan, 1999. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37679753h.
Full textParodi, Aurély. "Impact de nouveaux modes de gestion sur l’accélération de la dégradation de déchets ménagers : approche multiparamétrique et multi-échelle." Limoges, 2010. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/6f645e4d-e00a-4f35-8d61-118e54ac2faa/blobholder:0/2010LIMO4077.pdf.
Full textThis research is a multi-parametric and multi-scale comparison of municipal solid waste pretreatment in order to accelerate waste degradation in landfill conditions. This work is part of two research projects (ELIA and BIOPTIME) in which 21 types of treatment were tested at 68 L and 23m3 scale. In a first time, this research aims at developed a leaching test protocol adapted to the waste matrix and to highlight differences between pretreatments. The protocol established combines liquid phases, gaseous and solid analysis during a period of 120 hours without renewal. The organic compounds mobilized in liquid phase are relevant indicators of the potential leaching of waste. With the results for all considered matrices (analytical monitoring during the pilot operation of waste, leachate and biogas) correlated with the leaching test data, two treatments were found to have a real impact on the biodegradation of waste. This multi-parameter approach has also identified the fractionation of organic compounds according to their hydrophobicity and the index SUVA as relevant indicators to assess state of waste degradation or stabilization. A complete water and mass balance of the most efficient treatments confirmed the results of the analysis
Peloton, Julien. "Data analysis and scientific exploitation of the CMB B-modes experiment, POLARBEAR." Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCC154.
Full textOver the last two decades cosmology has been transformed from a data-starved to a data-driven, high precision science. N This transformation happened thanks to improved observational techniques, allowing to collect progressively bigger and more powerful data sets. Studies of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) anisotropies have played, and continue on doing so, a particularly important and impactful role in this process. The huge data sets produced by recent CMB experiments pose new challenges for the field due to their volumes and complexity. Its successful resolution requires combining mathematical, statistical and computational methods aIl of which form a keystone of the modern CMB data analysis. In this thesis, I describe data analysis of the first data set produced by one of the most advanced, current CMB experiments, POLARBEAR and the major results it produced. The POLARBEAR experiment is a leading CMB B-mode polarization experiment aiming at detection and characterization of the so-called B-mode signature of the CMB polarization. This is one of the most exciting topics in the current CMB research, which only just has started yielding new insights onto cosmology in part thanks to the results discussed hereafter. In this thesis I describe first the modern cosmological model, focusing on the physics of the CMB, and in particular its polarization properties, and providing an overview of the past experiments and results. Subsequently, I present the POLARBEAR instrument, data analysis of its first year data set and the scientific results drawn from it, emphasizing my major contributions to the overall effort. In the last chapter, and in the context of the next generation CMB B-mode experiments, I present a more systematic study of the impact of the presence of the so-called E-to-B leakage on the performance forecasts of CMB B-modes experiments, by comparing several methods including the pure pseudospectrum method and the minimum variance quadratic estimator. In particular, I detail how the minimum variance quadratic estimator in the case of azimuthally symmetric patches can be used to estimate efficiently parameters, and I present an efficient implementation based on existing parallel algorithms for computing Spherical Harmonic Transforms
Martinez, Michael. "Simulation ab initio de modules d'intérêt biologique : modes de vibrations pour la spectroscopie infrarouge." Paris 6, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA066620.
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