Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Analyse de collections de formes'
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Gelibter, Francis. "Analyse socio-économique des formes collectives (brigades) de travail dans l'industrie soviétique." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1985. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb375942059.
Full textPan, Xingyu. "Analyse de formes et de textures : application à l'authentification et à la gradation de pièces de monnaies." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE2030/document.
Full textCoins have been collected and studied since ancient times. Today, coin collection has become a hobby for anyone who wants to participate in. Coin grading is a way of determining the physical condition of a coin to provide an indicator for its market value. For grading coins on a large scale and in a relatively objective way, the GENI company cooperates with the laboratory LIRIS to automate the process by using coin photos.The main objective of this thesis is to grade coins from well-conditioned photos. The project is composed of four steps: coin segmentation from raw photos, monetary type identification, coin date detection and recognition and, coin grading.The first step is to extract coins from raw photos with a high precision. With a deformable geometric model, we segment precisely round coins, many-sided coins, wavy edged coins and holed coins by recognizing their shapes.The second step consists of coin recognition or monetary type identification. We match the query coin to the most identical type reference by using two similarity scores. The first similarity score is based on local features of relief contours. The second similarity score is a semi-global measure that highlights the difference between relief patterns.The third step is to detect and recognize coin dates. However, the fact that such characters have the same color as the background makes traditional optical character recognition methods difficult to apply. After extracting the date zone and cropping it into digit images, we propose a learning-free method to recognize those digits by analyzing their “topological” features.In the last step, the grading process is carried out by quantification of "unexpected elements" such as scratches and dirty marks. The coin to grade is registered to a reference coin. Then, large “unexpected elements” are detected in some regions of interest. However, some “micro-scratches” are difficult to extract individually but all together make a "grainy" surface. To deal with it, we use Deep Learning techniques to classify those grainy zones containing such “micro-scratches”. The result of our system, which is close to the manual expert one, is considered as a useful help for numismatists
Galmiche, Pierre. "Functional map-based shape collection matching and analysis for modeling breast shape evolution during radiotherapy." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024STRAD037.
Full textBreast radiotherapy, performed after breast-conserving surgery, is a critical step in the treatment ofbreast cancer. Although radiotherapy significantly reduces the risk of cancer recurrence, clinicalexperience reveals a wide variability in visible side effects during treatment. To gain a deeperunderstanding of these side effects, a clinical study was conducted by the "Institut de CancérologieStrasbourg Europe" (ICANS), collecting surface data to analyze the evolution of the breast duringradiotherapy. This thesis introduces a novel approach to model the evolution of the treated breastshape during radiotherapy, exploiting the valuable yet complex ICANS clinical trial dataset. Themethodologies and findings presented in this thesis demonstrate the potential of munctional mapbased correspondence approaches to assist clinicians in modeling geometric changes in the bustand breast during radiotherapy. Additionally, an estimation of the dosimetric impact of thesechanges has been studied, with a particular focus on the skin region, offering motivation for futureresearch in this field
Santorineos, Manthos Huitric Hervé. "Une approche sur la recherche et l'art à l'époque du numérique à travers l'étude des systèmes artificiels d'organisation de la mémoire humaine nécessité et proposition d'un outil d'enregistrement et de synthèse des données susceptible de contribuer à la mise en place d'une nouvelle forme de doctorat ("doctorat_machine") /." Saint-Denis : Université de Paris 8, 2007. http://www.bu.univ-paris8.fr/web/collections/theses/THESE_Santorinaios.pdf.
Full textAbboud, Michel. "Analyse robuste de formes basée géodésiques et variétés de formes." Thesis, Brest, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BRES0136.
Full textA major and complex problem in shape analysis is the statistical analysis of a set of shapes containing aberrant shapes. With the evolution of automatic data acquisition means, outliers can occur and their presence may greatly affect the descriptive analysis of shapes.Actually, state-of-the-art approaches are not robust enough to outliers. In particular, the calculated mean shape deviates towards the aberrant observations and thus carries irregular deformations.Similarly, the PCA analysis of the variability in a given class of shapes leads to variation modes which rather describe the variability carried by these aberrant shapes.In this thesis work, we propose a robust analysis scheme to handle the effects of aberrations that can occur in a given set. Our approach is a robust variant of PCA that consists in detecting and restoring aberrant shapes prior to a PCA in the tangent space relative to the means shape.Instead of simply rejecting outliers, we want to benefit from the present correct local variability by integrating their restored version into the analysis. We also propose a variational approach and an elastic PCA for the analysis of the variability of a set of shapes by using a robust geodesic-based metric. The third contribution of the thesis lies in the algorithms of shape classification based on shapes statistics: classification using the intrinsic mean shape, or relaxed one, by tangent PCA and by eigenshapes.The proposed schemes are evaluated and compared with existing schemes through two shape databases, HAND and MPEG-7. The results show the proposed scheme’s ability to overcome the presence of aberrant shapes and provide variation modes that characterize the variability of studied shapes
Mazure, Marie-Laurence. "Analyse varationnelle des formes quadratiques convexes." Toulouse 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986TOU30109.
Full textMazure, Marie-Laurence. "Analyse variationnelle des formes quadratiques convexes." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb375995327.
Full textDurus, Ioana-Geanina Belhachmi Zakaria Bucur Dorin. "Analyse et modélisation de formes optimales." Metz : Université Metz, 2008. ftp://ftp.scd.univ-metz.fr/pub/Theses/2008/Durus.Ioana_Geanina.SMZ0813.pdf.
Full textDurus, Ioana-Geanina. "Analyse et modélisation de formes optimales." Thesis, Metz, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008METZ013S/document.
Full textWe are interested in a few problems which can be viewed in the framework of shape optimization like : the conductivity eigenvalue problem. In an open set of finite measure we considers the Laplacian with conductivity boundary conditions, i.e., constants locally or globally with free constants. The operator intervenes in the process of the defect identication of a material by electrostatic boundary measurements and was the subject of a first properties of the eigenvalues in relation with the geometry, general isoperimetric inequalities by rearrangement and/or [gamma]-convergence, and we implement a genetic with constant measure. The generation of the forms is based on the levels of truncated Fourier series, controlled by the coefficeints. Numerical implementation for debonding membranes. We study the model of quasistatic evolution of an adhesive membrane subjected to a debonding force proposed by Bucur, Buttazzo and Lux, within the framwork of the minimizing movements. According to the dissipation of energy the debonding process consisted in the numerical simulation of the debonding process in the two situations. Methods of descent are associated with the evolution strategies in relation to the shape derivative ; level set method and the mesure derivation. Numerical results for a few problem of optimal location. We are interested in the numeraical analysis of the various problems of optimal location such as the problem of best alternative of the pixels of support for the image interpolation or minimization of compliance (framework linear and not linear). Various methods are used, such as the topological gradient, the genetic algorithms and asymptotic calculation by [gamma]-convergence
Durus, Ioana-Geanina. "Analyse et modélisation de formes optimales." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Metz, 2008. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/2008/Durus.Ioana_Geanina.SMZ0813.pdf.
Full textWe are interested in a few problems which can be viewed in the framework of shape optimization like : the conductivity eigenvalue problem. In an open set of finite measure we considers the Laplacian with conductivity boundary conditions, i.e., constants locally or globally with free constants. The operator intervenes in the process of the defect identication of a material by electrostatic boundary measurements and was the subject of a first properties of the eigenvalues in relation with the geometry, general isoperimetric inequalities by rearrangement and/or [gamma]-convergence, and we implement a genetic with constant measure. The generation of the forms is based on the levels of truncated Fourier series, controlled by the coefficeints. Numerical implementation for debonding membranes. We study the model of quasistatic evolution of an adhesive membrane subjected to a debonding force proposed by Bucur, Buttazzo and Lux, within the framwork of the minimizing movements. According to the dissipation of energy the debonding process consisted in the numerical simulation of the debonding process in the two situations. Methods of descent are associated with the evolution strategies in relation to the shape derivative ; level set method and the mesure derivation. Numerical results for a few problem of optimal location. We are interested in the numeraical analysis of the various problems of optimal location such as the problem of best alternative of the pixels of support for the image interpolation or minimization of compliance (framework linear and not linear). Various methods are used, such as the topological gradient, the genetic algorithms and asymptotic calculation by [gamma]-convergence
Le, Lan Gaël. "Analyse en locuteurs de collections de documents multimédia." Thesis, Le Mans, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LEMA1020/document.
Full textThe task of speaker diarization and linking aims at answering the question "who speaks and when?" in a collection of multimedia recordings. It is an essential step to index audiovisual contents. The task of speaker diarization and linking firstly consists in segmenting each recording in terms of speakers, before linking them across the collection. Aim is, to identify each speaker with a unique anonymous label, even for speakers appearing in multiple recordings, without any knowledge of their identity or number. The challenge of the cross-recording linking is the modeling of the within-speaker/across-recording variability: depending on the recording, a same speaker can appear in multiple acoustic conditions (in a studio, in the street...). The thesis proposes two methods to overcome this issue. Firstly, a novel neural variability compensation method is proposed, using the triplet-loss paradigm for training. Secondly, an iterative unsupervised domain adaptation process is presented, in which the system exploits the information (even inaccurate) about the data it processes, to enhance its performances on the target acoustic domain. Moreover, novel ways of analyzing the results in terms of speaker are explored, to understand the actual performance of a diarization and linking system, beyond the well-known Diarization Error Rate (DER). Systems and methods are evaluated on two TV shows of about 40 episodes, using either a global, or longitudinal linking architecture, and state of the art speaker modeling (i-vector)
Folcher, Viviane Rabardel Pierre. "Des formes de l' activité aux formes des instruments un exemple dans le champ du travail collectif assisté par ordinateur /." Saint-Denis : Université de Paris VIII, 2006. http://www.bu.univ-paris8.fr/web/collections/theses/folcher_viviane_1.pdf.
Full textKpalma, Kidiyo. "Analyse et Interprétation d'Images : Analyse Multiéchelle pour la Description des Formes Planaires." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Rennes 1, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00446030.
Full textPedon, Emmanuel. "Analyse harmonique des formes différentielles sur l'espace hyperbolique réel." Nancy 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NAN10226.
Full textFonga, Tchinkante Hubert. "Analyse harmonique sur les groupes et reconnaissance des formes." Grenoble INPG, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992INPG0071.
Full textBetanzo, Quezada Eduardo. "Plates-formes logistiques : analyse et perspectives d'implantation au Mexique." Aix-Marseille 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990AIX24002.
Full textOne analyses the logistics platform phenomenon according to the flows of goods and information into the economic space, the quality of physical logistics flows in a hierarchical network; the implications of logistics networks for the industrial, the commercial and the transport capital. A strategic planning shows us an analytical scheme for dealing with the economic environment of Mexico and the transportation system problems during last 10 years. One also presents an analyse without logistics platforms and other with some of them according to the evolution of technological flows for the Mexican space
Lahire, Bernard. "Formes sociales scripturales et formes sociales orales : une analyse sociologique de l'"echec scolaire" a l'ecole primaire." Lyon 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LYO20010.
Full textMichel, Patrick. "Les collections et l'ameublement du cardinal mazarin (1602-1661). Histoire et analyse." Paris 4, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040298.
Full textThe collections in the possession of cardinal mazarin (1602-1661) are amongst themost important france has ever known. The story of these collectioins envisaged by the cardinal, seen through the cardinal's correspondence, explains that the determining part comes from italy and from rome in particular, but also allows us to discover other important sources, both limited (purchases made in england) and habitual, though less known : france and holland. It shows not only the roles played by the cardinal's agents (the roman consulta) but also the part constituated by the cardinal himself as well as his priorities : purchase of antiques and paintings befor 1653 ; works of art and furnishings, hangings and tapestries from the period after the fronde. Finally, these letters explain to us how the purchases were made and the provenance of certain objects. Viewed through surveys, the analysis of the collections emphasizes the diversity of mazarin's interests and reveals the personality and purchasing methods of the collector, who reconstituates the atmosphere of a roman palace in paris
Amstutz, Samuel. "Analyse de sensibilité topologique et applications en optimisation de formes." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université d'Avignon, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00736647.
Full textLattarico, Jean-François. "Poetique de gadda. Elements pour une analyse des formes d'ecriture." Paris 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA030069.
Full textWang, Zixiong. "Analyse des structures des formules mathématiques manuscrites /." Paris : École nationale supérieure des télécommunications, 1991. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35585847n.
Full textDiaz, melo Mauricio. "Analyse de l'illumination et des propriétés de réflectance en utilisant des collections d'images." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00680101.
Full textDiaz, Mauricio. "Analyse de l'illumination et des propriétés de réflectance en utilisant des collections d'images." Thesis, Grenoble, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011GRENM051/document.
Full textThe main objective of this thesis is to exploit the photometric information avail- able in large photo collections of outdoor scenes to infer characteristics of the illumination, the objects and the cameras. To achieve this goal two problems are addressed. In a preliminary work, we explore opti- mal representations for the sky and compare images based on its appearance. Much of the information perceived in outdoor scenes is due to the illumination coming from the sky. The solar beams are reflected and refracted in the atmosphere, creating a global illumination ambiance. In turn, this environment determines the way that we perceive objects in the real world. Given the importance of the sky as an illumination source, we formulate a generic 3–step process in order to compare images based on its appearance. These three stages are: segmentation, modeling and comparing of the sky pixels. Different approaches are adopted for the modeling and comparing phases. Performance of the algorithms is validated by finding similar images in large photo collections. A second part of the thesis aims to exploit additional geometric information in order to deduce the photometric characteristics of the scene. From a 3D structure recovered using available multi–view stereo methods, we trace back the image formation process and estimate the models for the components involved on it. Since photo collections are usually acquired with different cameras, our formulation emphasizes the estimation of the radiometric calibration for all the cameras at the same time, using a strong prior on the possible space of camera response functions. Then, in a joint estimation framework, we also propose a robust computation of the global illumination for each image, the surface albedo for the 3D structure and the radiometric calibration for all the cameras
Goëau, Hervé. "Structuration de collections d'images par apprentissage actif crédibiliste." Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009GRE10070.
Full textImage annotation is an essential task in professional archives exploitation. Archivsits must describe every image in order to make easier future retrieval tasks. The main difficulties are how to interpret the visual contents, how to bring together images whitch can be associated in same categories, and how to deal with the user's subjectivity. In this thesis, we use the principle of active learning in order to help a user who wants organize with accuracy image collections. From the visual content analysis, complementary active learning strategies are proposed to the user to help him to identify and put together images in relevant categories according to his oppinion. We choose to express this image classification problem with active learning by using the Transferable Belief Model (TBM), an elaboration on the Dempster-Shafer theory of evidence. The TBM allows the combination, the revision and the representation of the knowledge which can be extracted from the visual contents and the previously identified categories. Our method proposed in this theoritical framework gives a detailed modeling of the knowledge by representing explicitly cases of multi-labeling, while quantifying uncertainty (related to the semantic gap) and conflict induced by the analysis of the visual content in different modalities (colors, textures). A human-machine interface was developed in order to validate our approach on reference tests, personal images collections and professional photos from the National Audiovisual Institute. An evaluation was driven with professional users and showed very positive results in terms of utility, of usability and satisfaction
Parmentier, Marie-Christophe. "Logique des classes, logiques des collections : coexistence de deux formes de cognition et leur rapport dans une approche interculturelle." La Réunion, 2000. http://elgebar.univ-reunion.fr/login?url=http://thesesenligne.univ.run/00_05_Parmentier_1.pdf.
Full textDuval, Romain. "Les formes vivantes de l'art : esthétique figurale et analyse des oeuvres." Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010592.
Full textLANDES, CLAUDINE. "Analyse des sequences biologiques par les methodes de reconnaissance des formes." Paris 6, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA066211.
Full textChehdi, Kacem. "Reconnaissance des formes par analyse d'images : application a la biologie marine." Rennes 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986REN10016.
Full textChehdi, Kacem. "Reconnaissance des formes par analyse d'images application à la biologie marine." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37596652d.
Full textCorouge, Isabelle. "Modelisation statistique de formes en imagerie cerebrale." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00003647.
Full textcerebrale.
Dans une premiere partie, nous proposons un modele statistique de la forme des sillons corticaux. Le modele est bati par apprentissage a partir de sillons extraits d'images IRM et dotes d'une representation parametrique. La definition d'un repere intrinseque a la forme sillon permet d'aligner l'ensemble des formes extraites et de construire une population d'apprentissage coherente sur laquelle appliquer une analyse en composantes principales afin de deriver le modele. Ce modele statistique est ensuite etendu a un graphe de sillons afin de decrire non plus seulement les caracteristiques morphologiques d'un sillon, mais aussi les relations de position et d'orientation entre sillons principaux.
L'analyse presentee ici porte sur un sous-graphe defini par un couple de sillons.
Dans une seconde partie, trois applications de la modelisation proposee sont envisagees. D'une part, nous l'utilisons dans un cadre d'evaluation de methodes de recalage global inter-sujets. Pratiquee sur des amers locaux, l'analyse statistique fournit un indicateur de la similarite des formes au sein des populations recalees, et produit un critere de comparaison entre les methodes. D'autre part, nous exploitons la connaissance statistique apportee par le modele sur les sillons dans le contexte de la construction d'atlas anatomiques et fonctionnels. Nous proposons une methode locale et non-lineaire de recalage inter-sujets de donnees fonctionnelles, exprimees sous forme de dipoles MEG (localisations d'activations fonctionnelles), base sur la modelisation des amers anatomiques que sont les sillons corticaux. Exprimentee sur une population de 18 sujets, cette methode s'est averee apte a reduire la variabilite fonctionnelle inter-individuelle observee. Enfin, nous appliquons la methodologie proposee dans le cas des sillons a la modelisation statistique de la forme de frontieres fonctionnelles delimitant des aires visuelles de bas-niveau.
Raby, Gilles. "Noyaux et parametrix : formes méromorphes et semi-méromorphes : ensembles et fonctions sous-analytiques." Poitiers, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986POIT2016.
Full textDamoutte, Claudia. "L'œuvre d'Auguste Genin : analyse des collections mexicaines et profil d'un proto-archéologue (1862-1931)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01H011.
Full textExplorer, anthropologist, collector, businessman, entrepreneur, and poet Auguste Genin (1862-1931), travelled throughout Mexican lands since the 1880's whilst carrying on his diverse business activities. At the same time, he developed a great interest in the archaeology, history, culture and peoples of Mexico .. His "archaeological work" is here understood as the whole of h.is exploration and archaeological activities (excavation, surface collection, acquisitions), as well as their direct results, that is, the archaeological collections themselves and ail the documentation associated with them. Over the span of more than forty years, between the end of the 1890's and the beginning of the 1930's, Genin sent more than 11 000 archaeological objects to various museums and institutions, mostly in Europe. During a pivotal moment for Mexican archaeology, Genin was a privileged witness and participant of the evolution concerning archaeological practice and study and the appreciation of pre-Columbian cultures. His work preserved the "memory" of "old-time" methods and collecting, and at the same time embraced a new era. The main goal of this research project is to draw a portrait of Genin as collector and, by extension, of a specific period, as well as to establish his place in the history of the discipline in Mexico, through the examination of his archaeological work. The latter had not yet been subject to a complete, detailed and integrated study, despite its importance and scientific interest, nor had a complete inventory of his collections been drawn up
Laporte, Emmanuel. "Optimisation de formes pour ecoulements instationnaires." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998EPXX0046.
Full textSekkat, Moussif. "Contrôle des aminoglucosides dans les formes pharmaceutiques par chromatographie liquide." Montpellier 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON13512.
Full textPires, Isabel Maria Antunes Vaggione Horacio. "La notion d'espace dans la création musicale." Saint-Denis : Université de Paris 8, 2009. http://www.bu.univ-paris8.fr/web/collections/theses/AntunesPiresThese.pdf.
Full textCorouge, Isabelle. "Modélisation statistique de formes en imagerie cérébrale." Rennes 1, 2003. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00003647.
Full textVachoux, Alain. "Analyse temporelle de grands circuits intégrés MOS par relaxation de formes d'onde /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1988. http://library.epfl.ch/theses/?nr=733.
Full textMellado, Nicolas. "Analyse des objets 3D a plusieurs échelles: application à l'assemblage de formes." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00767352.
Full textBaudemont, Frédéric. "Analyse numérique des formes de relief sur les modèles numériques de terrain." Université de Marne-la-Vallée, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MARN0063.
Full textFargeon, Valérie. "La coopération inter-entreprises : analyse économique des nouvelles formes organisationnelles de l'hopital." Paris 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA010072.
Full textThe aim of the thesis is to give an economic framework for the new coordination mechanisms in the health care field. More specifically, we study the inter-organizations relations between health care providers : emergence conditions, and coordination mechanisms linked. The case study of one french hospital presented in an introductory chapter provides some stylized facts of competition and institutional context changes. Our first chapter is resuming the recent economic contributions to the theory of the firm, particularly the transaction costs economics and the evolutionist perspective. The aim of the second chapter is to give a review of the theoretical representations of the hospital. We present the traditional hospitals economic models (production function, managerial and behaviorist theories, agency theory). We then elaborate an hospital representation which takes into account uncertainty of decision process, irreversibility of decisions and asymetric situations between hospitals. The third chapter is presenting theoric perspectives of the cooperation process with two questions : why to cooperate ? i. E. The analysis of the determinant factors of the choice of cooperation and how to cooperate ? i. E. The analysis of the mechanisms and conditions required for the emergence and stability of the cooperation process. We confront in the last chapter, the cooperation representation of the latter chapter to the observations of our empirical data in the hospital system. We analyze the cooperation process between health care providers, from the governmental point of view (it incites to cooperate) and from the hospitals point of view (they choose the cooperation)
Métail, Michèle. "Poétique curieuse dans la Chine ancienne : analyse des poèmes de formes variées." Paris, INALCO, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994INAL0011.
Full textLeymarie, Nicolas. "Analyse du comportement viscoélastique de matériaux anisotropes par reconstruction de formes d'ondes." Bordeaux 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR12475.
Full textLe, Moing Jean-Yves. "Toponymie bretonne de Haute-Bretagne : analyse informatique des formes anciennes et modernes." Rennes 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988REN20011.
Full textThis study is a try to provide new results on the Breton place-names of eastern Brittany, by means of a computer data base, used with programs allowing criteria-oriented extraction and automatic mapping. The creation of the data base is explained (INSEE data, cadastral survey, ancient forms). Successively are studied the influence of gallo-romance on Breton place-names; then the prefixes, suffixes and determiners used in place-names; the relative influence of common and personal names is discussed, and the most employed are commented and mapped. The related maps show the distributions and allow analysing the creation of the place-names. The early influence of the gallo-romance on the area occupied by the Bretons is shown; the place-names in "ville" are studied. The main areas occupied by Saxons and north men are brought to the fore. It is suggested that the Bretons may have settled very early in high-Brittany, and that they thus can have absorbed late gaulish dialects, supposed to be regressive in front of gallo-romance
Ghys, Charlotte. "Analyse, reconstruction 3D, et animation du visage." Marne-la-Vallée, ENPC, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ENPC1005.
Full textFace analysis fields are widely spread out over a large quantity of domains :Human Computer Interaction, security, movies post-production, games. . . It in-cludes detection, recognition, 3D reconstruction, animation, and emotion analy-sis. Face animation was the main motivation of this thesis, and we always kept itin mind at anytime. We discuss here, most of the fields. We first talk about face reconstructionand face modeling with a new model inspired by the Candide Model. Then, weaddress face detection and particularly features detection introducing anthropome-tric constraints in a global scheme through a Markov Random Field formulation. From prior constraints, we are able to estimate the 3d pose of a face from a singleimage and to extend it to motion tracking. We conlude our work with emotion ana-lysis. We propose an expression modelling technique defined as time series, andwe present our 3D database for face expression. We present the state of the art ofemotion recognition. And we finally invoke the use of our expression modellingtechnique as a prediction to be compared with the data in time
Froment, Pierre. "Optimisation de formes paramétriques en grande dimension." Thesis, Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ECDL0013/document.
Full textCurrent design loops for shape optimizations allow significant improvements in relation to the functions that need to be optimized. They are widely used in industry, particularly in the car industry like Renault. Among these approaches, parametric shape optimization allows rapid enhancement of the shape, on the condition that the design space is confined enough in order to be explored within a reasonable computational time. This Thesis introduces two CAD-based large-scale shape optimization methods for products requiring significant computational cost, for example in fluid mechanics. An original way to create a parameterized CAD model developed from a dead geometry is presented first. We propose an approach to identify the restricted areas of the design space and their managements in an optimization loop that uses a design of experiments. The first method is based on statistical techniques to circumvent the difficulties of large-scale optimizations and uses a two-level multi-fidelity modelling approach to minimize the computational time. This method, breaking away from the usual industrial process, was applied to optimize the aerodynamic drag coefficient of a car body. The second method is based on the gradients provided by adjoint solvers, that is to say on the sensitivity of the cost function (such as the uniformity deviation for example) with respect to the design points or displacement boundaries. This innovative method breaking away from classical approaches naturally gets over the number of degrees of freedom. However, the sensitivities provided by softwares are not computed with respect to CAD parameters but with respect to the coordinates of the vertices of the surface mesh. Thus, we propose a way to extend these gradients to CAD parameters. Academic test cases have proved the efficiency and accuracy of our method
Sobol, Hagay. "Les formes familiales du cancer medullaire de la thyroide : analyse de liaison genetique." Lyon 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LYO1M207.
Full textAmrani, Sarah. "Analyse des formes et des fonctions du comique dans le discours narratif calvinien." Paris 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA030046.
Full textOn the one hand, we propose to understand and illustrate the personal, cultural and poetic reasons that led Italo Calvino (1923-1985), with The Cloven Viscount (1952), to durably direct his narrative writings towards a comic type of representation, whose nature is specific to him. On the other hand, following the results of this examination, we propose a detailed analysis of the supporting structures of Calvino's comic representation, namely the organization of the diegesis and the construction of the characters. Defined as fantastic, adventurous and ironic, Calvino's comic language is presented here not only as the expression of a fundamental optimism - resolutely trustful in the action and turned towards the future - and as an instrument of discipline and control of the world, but also as an unifying element of Calvino's narrative works
Benjelloun, Touimi Ahmed Amin. "Sur l'étude de quelques formes de codage flou en analyse des données : applications." Paris 6, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA066409.
Full textVenegas, Martinez Santiago. "Analyse et segmentation de séquences d'images en vue d'une reconnaissance de formes efficace." Paris 5, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA05S002.
Full textThis work presents a computational technique for tracking moving interfaces. For that, a vecursive linear convolving method to performe arisotropic diffusion in images is presented. The novel approach is that there is not need to estimate local and global properties previously of the concerned evolving interface. The method works on a fixed grid, usually the image pixels grid, and automatically handles changes in the topology of the evolving interface
Tupin, Florence. "Reconnaissance des formes et analyse de scènes en imagerie radar a ouverture synthetique." Paris, ENST, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ENST0016.
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