Academic literature on the topic 'Analogues of circulation'
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Journal articles on the topic "Analogues of circulation"
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Yiou, P., M. Boichu, R. Vautard, M. Vrac, S. Jourdain, E. Garnier, F. Fluteau, and L. Menut. "Ensemble meteorological reconstruction using circulation analogues of 1781–1785." Climate of the Past 10, no. 2 (April 24, 2014): 797–809. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-797-2014.
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Abstract. This paper uses a method of atmospheric flow analogues to reconstruct an ensemble of atmospheric variables (namely sea-level pressure, surface temperature and wind speed) between 1781 and 1785. The properties of this ensemble are investigated and tested against observations of temperature. The goal of the paper is to assess whether the atmospheric circulation during the Laki volcanic eruption (in 1783) and the subsequent winter were similar to the conditions that prevailed in the winter 2009/2010 and during spring 2010. We find that the 3 months following the Laki eruption in June 1783 barely had analogues in 2010. The cold winter of 1783/1784 yielded circulation analogues in 2009/2010. The reconstructed surface temperature over land bears significant correlations with local observations, although the amplitude of the reconstruction is weaker.
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Yiou, P., M. Boichu, R. Vautard, M. Vrac, S. Jourdain, E. Garnier, F. Fluteau, and L. Menut. "Ensemble meteorological reconstruction using circulation analogues of 1781–1785." Climate of the Past Discussions 9, no. 5 (September 6, 2013): 5157–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cpd-9-5157-2013.
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Abstract. This paper uses a method of atmospheric flow analogues to reconstruct an ensemble of atmospheric variables (namely sea-level pressure, surface temperature and wind speed) between 1781 and 1785. The properties of this ensemble are investigated and tested against observations of temperature. The goal of the paper is to assess whether the atmospheric circulation during the Laki volcanic eruption (in 1783) and the subsequent winter were similar to the conditions that prevailed in the winter 2009/2010 and during spring 2010. We find that the three months following the Laki eruption in June 1783 barely have analogues in 2010. The cold winter of 1783/1784 yields circulation analogues in 2009/2010. Our analysis suggests that it is unlikely that the Laki eruption was responsible for the cold winter of 1783/1784, of the relatively short memory of the atmospheric circulation.
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Seymour, Roger S. "Model analogues in the study of cephalic circulation." Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology 125, no. 4 (April 2000): 517–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1095-6433(00)00180-x.
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Yiou, P. "AnaWEGE: a weather generator based on analogues of atmospheric circulation." Geoscientific Model Development 7, no. 2 (April 1, 2014): 531–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-7-531-2014.
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Abstract. This paper presents a stochastic weather generator based on analogues of circulation (AnaWEGE). Analogues of circulation have been a promising paradigm to analyse climate variability and its extremes. The weather generator uses precomputed analogues of sea-level pressure over the North Atlantic. The stochastic rules of the generator constrain the continuity in time of the simulations. The generator then simulates spatially coherent time series of a climate variable, drawn from meteorological observations. The weather generator is tested for European temperatures, and for winter and summer seasons. The biases in temperature quantiles and autocorrelation are rather small compared to observed variability. The ability of simulating extremely hot summers and cold winters is also assessed.
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Yiou, P. "AnaWEGE: a weather generator based on analogues of atmospheric circulation." Geoscientific Model Development Discussions 6, no. 3 (September 13, 2013): 4745–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmdd-6-4745-2013.
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Abstract. This paper presents a stochastic weather generator based on analogues of circulation (AnaWEGE). Analogues of circulation have been a promising paradigm to analyse climate variability and its extremes. The weather generator uses precomputed analogues of sea-level pressure over the North Atlantic. The stochastic rules of the generator constrain the continuity in time of the simulations. The generator then simulates spatially coherent time series of a climate variable, drawn from meteorological observations. The weather generator is tested for European temperatures, and for winter and summer seasons. The biases in temperature quantiles and autocorrelation are rather small compared to observed variability. The ability of simulating extremely hot summers and cold winters is also assessed.
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Jézéquel, Aglaé, Pascal Yiou, and Sabine Radanovics. "Role of circulation in European heatwaves using flow analogues." Climate Dynamics 50, no. 3-4 (April 12, 2017): 1145–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00382-017-3667-0.
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Kennaway, DJ, P. Royles, E. A Dunstan, and HM Hugel. "Prolactin Response in Border-Leicester X Merino Ewes to Administration of Melatonin, Melatonin Analogues, a Melatonin Metabolite and 6-Methoxybenzoxazolinone." Australian Journal of Biological Sciences 39, no. 4 (1986): 427. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bi9860427.
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The effect of structural modifications of the melatonin molecule on plasma half-life of the analogues and basal prolactin secretion was studied in Border-Leicester x Merino ewes. Halogenation at position 6 and/or unsaturation of the 2,3-double bond of the melatonin molecule slightly lengthened the halflife of the analogues. Melatonin, 6-chloromelatonin, 2,3-dihydromelatonin and 6-chloro-2,3-dihydromelatonin decreased plasma prolactin to 31, 45, 54 and 48% of control levels respectively when administered daily (100 p.g at 1600 h) for 21 days. The brain metabolite of melatonin, N-acetyl-N'-formyl- 5-methoxykynurenamine, and the putative natural melatonin analogue, 6-methoxybenzoxazolinone, failed to affect prolactin levels when administered in a similar manner. These results indicate that certain structural modifications to the melatonin molecule can be tolerated biologically; however, the modifications reported here still did not prevent rapid clearance from the circulation.
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Horton, Pascal, Charles Obled, and Michel Jaboyedoff. "The analogue method for precipitation prediction: finding better analogue situations at a sub-daily time step." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 21, no. 7 (July 4, 2017): 3307–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-3307-2017.
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Abstract. Analogue methods (AMs) predict local weather variables (predictands) such as precipitation by means of a statistical relationship with predictors at a synoptic scale. The analogy is generally assessed on gradients of geopotential heights first to sample days with a similar atmospheric circulation. Other predictors such as moisture variables can also be added in a successive level of analogy. The search for candidate situations similar to a given target day is usually undertaken by comparing the state of the atmosphere at fixed hours of the day for both the target day and the candidate analogues. This is a consequence of using standard daily precipitation time series, which are available over longer periods than sub-daily data. However, it is unlikely for the best analogy to occur at the exact same hour for the target and candidate situations. A better analogue situation may be found with a time shift of several hours since a better fit can occur at different times of the day. In order to assess the potential for finding better analogues at a different hour, a moving time window (MTW) has been introduced. The MTW resulted in a better analogy in terms of the atmospheric circulation and showed improved values of the analogy criterion on the entire distribution of the extracted analogue dates. The improvement was found to increase with the analogue rank due to an accumulation of better analogues in the selection. A seasonal effect has also been identified, with larger improvements shown in winter than in summer. This may be attributed to stronger diurnal cycles in summer that favour predictors taken at the same hour for the target and analogue days. The impact of the MTW on the precipitation prediction skill has been assessed by means of a sub-daily precipitation series transformed into moving 24 h totals at 12, 6, and 3 h time steps. The prediction skill was improved by the MTW, as was the reliability of the prediction. Moreover, the improvements were greater for days with heavy precipitation, which are generally related to more dynamic atmospheric situations in which the timing is more specific and for which fewer records are available in the meteorological archive. The improvements of the analogy criterion and the performance scores on precipitation were both found to be higher for MTWs with a smaller time step of 3 h. A 3 h MTW provides 8 times more candidate situations even though they are not fully independent. Since the MTW provides additional situations to the pool of possible analogues, it can be considered as an inflation of the meteorological archive. Because this technique is simple and easily applicable, it should be considered for several applications in different contexts, such as operational forecasting or climate-related studies.
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Faranda, Davide, Stella Bourdin, Mireia Ginesta, Meriem Krouma, Robin Noyelle, Flavio Pons, Pascal Yiou, and Gabriele Messori. "A climate-change attribution retrospective of some impactful weather extremes of 2021." Weather and Climate Dynamics 3, no. 4 (November 17, 2022): 1311–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/wcd-3-1311-2022.
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Abstract. The IPCC AR6 report outlines a general consensus that anthropogenic climate change is modifying the frequency and intensity of extreme events such as cold spells, heat waves, storms or floods. A pertinent question is then whether climate change may have affected the characteristics of a specific extreme event or whether such event would have even been possible in the absence of climate change. Here, we address this question by performing an attribution of some major extreme events that occurred in 2021 over Europe and North America: the Winter Storm Filomena, the French spring cold spell, the Westphalia floods, the Mediterranean summer heat wave, Hurricane Ida, the Po Valley tornado outbreak, Medicane Apollo and the late-autumn Scandinavian cold spell. We focus on the role of the atmospheric circulation associated with the events and its typicality in present (factual world) and past climate conditions (counterfactual world) – defined using the ERA5 dataset 1950 to present. We first identify the most similar sea-level pressure patterns to the extreme events of interest in the factual and counterfactual worlds – so-called analogues. We then compute significant shifts in the spatial characteristics, persistence, predictability, seasonality and other characteristics of these analogues. We also diagnose whether in the present climate the analogues of the studied events lead to warmer/cooler or dryer/wetter conditions than in the past. Finally we verify whether the El Niño–Southern Oscillation and the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation may explain interdecadal changes in the analogues' characteristics. We find that most of the extreme events we investigate are significantly modified in the present climate with respect to the past, because of changes in the location, persistence and/or seasonality of cyclonic/anticyclonic patterns in the sea-level pressure analogues. One of the events, Medicane Apollo, appears to be a black swan of the atmospheric circulation, with poor-quality analogues. Our approach, complementary to the statistical extreme-event attribution methods in the literature, points to the potentially important role of the atmospheric circulation in attribution studies.
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Chap, Z., T. Ishida, J. Chou, C. J. Hartley, M. L. Entman, D. Brandenburg, R. H. Jones, and J. B. Field. "First-pass hepatic extraction and metabolic effects of insulin and insulin analogues." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 252, no. 2 (February 1, 1987): E209—E217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1987.252.2.e209.
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First-pass hepatic extraction of insulin and hepatic and peripheral contributions to hypoglycemia were compared in conscious dogs during portal infusion of insulin A1, B29 diacetyl insulin, or A1-B29 dodecoyl insulin at 7 and 14 pmol X kg-1 X min-1. The liver removed 43 +/- 2% of insulin, 12 +/- 1% of dodecoyl, and 8 +/- 1% of diacetyl insulin, in a single transhepatic circulation. The hypoglycemia induced by insulin and diacetyl insulin and the ensuing glucagon response were greater than that produced by the dodecoyl analogue. Diacetyl insulin primarily increased glucose utilization, dodecoyl insulin solely inhibited hepatic production, and insulin affected both. The lack of hepatic effect of diacetyl insulin during hypoglycemia can be ascribed to greater counterregulation, because under euglycemic clamp conditions, this analogue caused suppression of glucose production. The different patterns of hypoglycemia exhibited can be explained by the combined effects of altered distribution between the liver and peripheral tissues caused by differences in hepatic extraction, the effect of this phenomenon on the counterregulatory response, and the intrinsic biological potency of the analogues.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Analogues of circulation"
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Krouma, Meriem. "Ensemble weather forecast using a stochastic weather generator and analogs of the atmospheric circulation." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UPASJ010.
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Les prévisions météorologiques d'ensemble peuvent aider à anticiper les risques d'événements météorologiques extrêmes. Cependant, le comportement chaotique de l'atmosphère représente une source majeure d'incertitudes pour les prévisions météorologiques surtout pour des échéances sous-saisonnières (de quelques jours à un mois). Un grand nombre de simulations numériques peut permettre de résoudre ce problème d'incertitude et de déterminer la distribution statistique des variables climatiques. Dans cette thèse, nous avons développé un outil de prévision d'ensemble basé sur des méthodes statistiques et probabilistes pour générer des prévisions météorologiques d'ensemble. En effet, le générateur stochastique de temps est conçu pour imiter le comportement des variables climatiques en se basant sur des analogues de circulation atmosphérique. Nous avons testé cet outil pour prévoir différentes variables climatiques telles que les précipitations en Europe et l'oscillation de Madden et Julian. Nous avons évalué la performance de nos prévisions par rapport aux autres prévisions des centres météorologiques.Dans un premier temps, nous avons testé le générateur stochastique de temps pour simuler les précipitations en Europe à l'échelle locale ( au niveau des villes). Nous avons trouvé de bonnes performances dans différentes régions d'Europe jusqu'à 10 jours. Nous avons confirmé l'importance de la circulation atmosphérique dans la prévision des paramètres météorologiques. Nous avons également identifié l'influence des hautes et basses pressions sur les bonnes et mauvaises prévisions.Dans un deuxième temps, nous avons combiné le générateur stochastique de temps avec des sorties de modèles numériques pour obtenir de grands ensembles de prévisions de précipitations en Europe jusqu'à 35 jours à l'avance à une échelle très locale. Cela a conduit à une amélioration significative par rapport aux prévisions du centre européen ECMWF et de Météo-France.Finalement, nous avons configuré notre modèle pour prévoir l'oscillation Madden Julian (MJO). La MJO est responsable de fortes précipitations dans des régions très peuplées comme l'Inde. Notre modèle fournit une prévision de la MJO jusqu'à 40 jours à l'avance et donne des résultats compétitifs par rapport aux prévisions météorologiques numériques. Les travaux présentés dans ce manuscrit ont fait l'objet de plusieurs articles scientifiques. Des travaux complémentaires concernant la prévisibilité des variables météorologiques ont aussi été réalisésEnsemble weather forecasts can help to better manage and anticipate the risks of extreme weather events. Nevertheless, weather forecasting is a complex task due to the chaotic behaviour of the atmosphere, which is a major source of uncertainties for sub-seasonal time scale (days to a month). To overcome these uncertainties, a large number of numerical simulations are required. It allows to determine the statistical distribution of the climate variables. In this thesis, we have developed a weather ensemble forecasting tool based on statistical and probabilistic methods to generate weather ensemble forecasts. The stochastic weather generator is designed to mimic the behaviour of climate variables based on atmospheric circulation analogs. We have tested this tool to forecast different climate variables such as European precipitation and the Madden-Julian oscillation. We have evaluated the performance of our forecasts using several forecast verification methods. In addition, we compared the performance of our forecast to other forecasts from international weather centers.We start by assessing the capacity of the stochastic weather generator to simulate precipitation in Europe at the local scale (city level). We found good performances in different regions of Europe for up to 10 days. We confirmed the importance of atmospheric circulation in the forecast of meteorological parameters. We also identified the influence of high and low pressure on good and bad forecasts. As a second step, we combined the stochastic weather generator with dynamical model outputs to obtain large ensembles of European precipitation forecasts up to 35 days ahead at a very local scale. This led to a significant improvement over the forecasts of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts and Météo-France.Finally, we adjusted our model to forecast the Madden Julian Oscillation (MJO). The MJO is responsible for heavy precipitation in densely populated regions such as India. Our model provides a forecast of the MJO up to 40 days in advance and is competitive with numerical weather predictions. The results of this thesis have been the subject of (published and in discussion) scientific papers.Some other work on the predictability of meteorological variables has also been developed
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El, Kholty Saïd. "Étapes portale et biliaire du cycle entérohépatique des corrinoïdes." Nancy 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NAN10015.
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Place, Joachim. "Caractérisation des chemins de circulations de fluides dans le réseau poreux d'un batholite granitique : application au site géothermique de Soultz-sous-Forêts." Strasbourg, 2010. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2010/PLACE_Joachim_2010.pdf.
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La caractérisation des circulations de fluides dans les milieux fracturés est complexe car l’accès aux réservoirs est généralement restreint aux seuls forages, et la résolution des méthodes géophysiques est limitée avec la profondeur. L’objectif de ce travail est d’identifier les chemins de circulation de fluides au sein de deux massifs fracturés, constitués par des granites varisques affectés par l’ouverture du rift ouest européen (ECRIS). Le site pilote de géothermie profonde de Soultz-sous-Forêts (fossé Rhénan) constitue le premier chantier. L’investigation du réseau structural hectométrique du réservoir fracturé a été abordée par sismique de puits (VSP). Les données révèlent que des réflexions d’ondes (avec conversion de mode P-S) se produisent sur des structures de fort pendage, et vraisemblablement perméables. La cartographie 3D de ces réflecteurs a été réalisée par modélisation de temps de trajets, fournissant une image 3D intégrée au modèle statique préexistant du réservoir. Ceci révèle une importante structuration typique de l’héritage varisque local, jusqu’alors sous-estimée, et dont la réactivation s’explique dans le contexte actuel de la poussée alpine. Le réseau structural hectométrique ainsi imagé comporte les chemins de circulation les plus efficaces entre les puits. Un affleurement choisi dans les Chaînes Côtières Catalanes a permis une analyse de la structuration d’un batholite, continûment de l’échelle centimétrique à kilométrique. Un réseau structural percolé lors d’une phase de paléocirculations a été reconnu en exploitant des veines carbonatées. L’étendue kilométrique de ces marqueurs de circulation, et leurs conditions de précipitation, autorisent à considérer ces formations comme un réservoir géothermique fossile. Ce type de marqueurs de circulation, étudiés sur cet analogue et à Soultz-sous-Forêts, ainsi que les données hydrauliques de ce dernier site, ont permis d’identifier différents styles de drainage d’un granite fracturé. Le drainage peut varier entre une localisation sur des structures majeures, ou au contraire une distribution plus régulière ou aléatoire à l’échelle du massif, impliquant des circulations importantes dans les blocs de protolithe. Par ailleurs, il a été montré que l’altération supergène a pour effet d’amplifier l’altération au niveau des failles de socle. Ce fait peut contribuer à expliquer la perméabilité importante du toit des socles cristallins maintenant enfouis sous une couverture sédimentaire. De plus, sur l’exemple de Soultz-sous-Forêts, la structuration de la couverture sédimentaire n’est que partiellement représentative de celle du socle sous-jacent, notamment en raison du découplage des déformations induit par des décollements localisés dans les niveaux triasiques. Enfin, un modèle synthétique de réservoir est proposé, de façon à replacer les différents objets étudiés et les résultats obtenus dans un schéma globalThe characterisation of fluid flow in fractured media is complex due to the fact that the access to the reservoirs is restricted to the boreholes, and the resolution of geophysical methods decreases with depth. Two fractured variscan granites have been selected to investigate the fluid flow paths; both of them are located within the European Cenozoic Rift System (ECRIS). The first case study is the experimental geothermal site at Soultz-sous-Forêts (Rhine Graben). Borehole seismic (VSP) has been used to investigate the structure network developed at the hectometre scale. The data reveal some reflections with P-S mode conversion, occurring on highly dipping and generally permeable structures. A 3D map produced by travel time modelling has been integrated into the existing static reservoir model. The structural pattern revealed by this way suggests a clear expression of the variscan inheritance. The activation of the structures can be explained by the current stress field controlled by the Alpine push. The network imaged by this approach explains the major hydraulic connections between the wells. A continuous structural analysis from centimetre to kilometre scales has been carried out on a batholith outcropping in the Catalan Coastal Ranges. A network of carbonate veins has been considered as a witness of paleo-circulations. Both the extent and the conditions of precipitations allow to consider the outcrop as a fossil geothermal reservoir. The veins studied in this analogue outcrop and at Soultz-sous-Forêts, considered with the hydraulic data from this geothermal site, allowed to identify different drainage patterns developed in a fractured granite. At the kilometre scale, the drainage may either be localised in the major structures, or be more homogeneously or randomly distributed, implying an important contribution of the protolith. In addition, the alteration is shown to be emphasised whether a fault zone is exposed to a supergene alteration. This fact could contribute to explain the favourable reservoir conditions locally observed at the top of basements covered by sediments. The Soultz-sous-Forêts case study also showed that the structures in the sedimentary cover reflect only a partial amount of the structures affecting the basement, in part because of decollements located in Triassic levels. A reservoir model is then proposed, in order to position the structures and the results detailed in this work within a global sketch
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Peycelon, Hughes. "Oklo analogue naturel. Reconstitution des circulations fluides anciennes par la geochimie des elements traces, du champ proche au champ lointain." Paris, ENMP, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ENMP0530.
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Les reacteurs nucleaires naturels situes dans le gisement d'oklo (gabon) representent l'une des meilleures analogies de ce que pourraient etre l'interaction d'un site de stockage de dechets radioactifs avec un milieu geologique. C'est sous cet angle d'analogue naturel que les zones de reaction et le gisement sont etudies dans le cadre d'un programme de recherche europeen coordonne par le cea. Par rapport a ce programme, l'objectif de cette these est de caracteriser les circulations fluides anciennes ayant pu provoquer des deplacements elementaires du champ proche (autour des zones de reactions) vers le champ lointain. Le tracage de ces circulations a ete realise a partir de l'etude du cortege en element traces de plusieurs populations de mineraux. Des fluides s'echappant des zones de reaction durant leur fonctionnement ont ete identifies au moyen des compositions elementaires et isotopiques des terres rares d'apatites localisees dans les argiles de piles. Les caracteristiques de ces fluides n'ont pas ete retrouvees dans les gres encaissants, meme dans des gres situes tres pres des zones de reaction. Par contre des observations mineralogiques, des analyses chimiques sur roches totales et des analyses en elements traces d'apatites et de zircons ont permis d'identifier et de caracteriser geochimiquement un episode de circulations anterieur au fonctionnement des zones de reaction. A l'echelle du gisement, l'etude de sulfures (pyrite, chalcopyrites et galene) a permis d'identifier plusieurs stades de circulations. Tous ces episodes sont posterieurs au fonctionnement des zones de reaction. La phase de circulation la plus representee correspond a un melange entre un fluide local pauvre en elements traces et lies a la peripherie des zones de reaction et un fluide plus riche correspondant a un episode de circulation probablement global au niveau du bassin. Un autre episode ulterieur d'ordre regional remobilise la premiere generation de galenes et est responsable de la precipitation de pyrites et chalcopyrites
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Peycelon, Hughes. "Oklo analogue naturel : reconstitution des circulations fluides anciennes par la géométrie des éléments traces : du champ proche au champ lointain /." [Fontainebleau] : École des mines de Paris, Centre d'informatique géologique, 1997. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb361857156.
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Savina, Yann. "Iontophorèse d'un analogue de la prostacycline pour améliorer la cicatrisation des ulcères liés à une dysfonction microvasculaire cutanée." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAS006.
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La cicatrisation est un processus complexe faisant intervenir de nombreux acteurs. En contexte pathologique, ces processus peuvent être altérés, entrainant un retard de cicatrisation et l’augmentation du risque de survenue de complications.Durant cette thèse, par une approche préclinique, nous nous sommes intéressés à la cicatrisation d’ulcères cutanés dans deux pathologies : la sclérodermie systémique et le diabète. La sclérodermie systémique est une maladie relativement rare, caractérisée par une atteinte microvasculaire combinée à une fibrose cutanée. De son côté le diabète est une maladie caractérisée par une hyperglycémie chronique étant à l’origine de nombreuses complications. Bien que ces deux pathologies soient différentes d’un point de vue physiopathologique, elles possèdent toutes deux une altération de leur fonction endothéliale ainsi qu’un retard de cicatrisation. Ce contexte physiopathologique augmente la survenue de complication de la cicatrisation, pouvant dans le pire des cas aboutir à l’amputation du membre atteint.Nous avons tenté dans ce travail de thèse de valider l’utilisation de l’iontophorèse de tréprostinil, un analogue de la PGI2, dans le traitement de ces ulcères cutanés.Succinctement, l’iontophorèse est une technique d’administration locale de molécules chargées au moyen d’un courant électrique. De plus, il est reconnu que le courant électrique a un effet positif propre sur la cicatrisation cutanée. Nous avons doc tenté de combiné l’effet pharmacologique du médicament administré avec cet effet courant.Les deux études principales de ce travail ont pu mettre en évidence la faisabilité et la validation du traitement par iontophorèse d’un analogue de la prostacycline d’ulcères cutanés dans un contexte sclérodermique et diabétique.D’autres études précliniques devront toutefois être menées afin de mieux comprendre les mécanismes mis en jeu dans ces améliorations de cicatrisationWound healing is a complex processes composed with a lot of actors. In pathological context, these processes could be altered may lead to wound healing delay and increasing incidence of complications.During this thesis, my fundamental works focused on wound healing in two pathologies: systemic scleroderma and diabetes. Systemic scleroderma is a rare pathology characterized by a microvascular alteration and cutaneous fibrosis. On a other hand, diabetes is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia would induced numerous complications. These two pathologies are physio-pathologically differences. However they are both characterized by an endothelial dysfunction and wound healing delay. This context increase incidence of wound healing complications, and sometimes lead to an amputation.My work has tried to validate the use of iontophoresis of treprostinil, a prostacycline analogue, in the treatment on skin wound healing.Briefly, iontophoresis is a local method of drugs administration with electric current. Moreover, it’s well known that current alone has a positive impact on wound healing too.We tried to combine in this thesis the pharmacological effect of an analogue of prostacycline with this of the current alone.Both mains studies showed the feasibility and validation of the treatment by iontophoresis of a prostacycline analogue on wound healing in these two pathologies.Furthers studies will be necessary to highlight mechanisms involved in this improvement
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Dougui, Nour Elhouda. "Planification de trajectoires avion : approche par analogie lumineuse." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00817551.
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Dans le cadre du projet européen SESAR, la nécessité d'accroître la capacité du trafic aérien a motivé la planification de trajectoires avions 4D (espace + temps). Afin de mettre en place une planification pré-tactique (évitement de zones avec une mauvaise météo ou congestionnées pour un avion) et de mettre en place une planification tactique (générer des ensembles de trajectoires 4D sans conflit), nous introduisons un nouvel algorithme : l'algorithme de propagation de la lumière (APL). Cet algorithme est basé sur une méthode de propagation de front d'onde qui s'inspire de l'analogie avec la propagation de la lumière et qui est adapté au problème de planification de trajectoires. L'APL donne des résultats satisfaisant pour une journée de trafic réel sur la France tout en satisfaisant les contraintes spécifiques à la gestion du trafic aérien. L'APL a ensuite été adapté pour prendre en compte les incertitudes qui concernent la vitesse réelle des avions. Ainsi adapté aux incertitude, l'APL a été testé sur la même journée de trafic avec mise en place de points RTA (Real Time Arrival). Les points RTA permettent de réduire l'incertitude dans le cas où l'APL n'arrive pas à résoudre les conflits. Les résultats obtenus sont très encourageants.
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Santarosa, Ana Claudia Aoki. "Respostas dos foraminíferos planctônicos às variações da Célula de Revolvimento Meridional do Atlântico (AMOC) desde o Último Máximo Glacial na Bacia de Campos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/21/21136/tde-17012019-180044/.
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O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar a resposta da assembleia de foraminíferos planctônicos frente às variações paleoceanográficas superficiais na porção oeste do Atlântico Sul, o qual desempenha um papel fundamental na Célula de Revolvimento Meridional do Atlântico (AMOC, Meridional Overturning Circulation). Para esta finalidade, foi analisado um registro sedimentar marinho contínuo desde o Último Máximo Glacial até o presente, com base na assembleia de foraminíferos planctônicos, isótopos de oxigênio e na razão Mg/Ca. Adicionalmente, foram avaliadas as variações na ocorrência e na geoquímica dos dois morfotipos de G. ruber (branca), principal espécie utilizada em estudos paleoceanográficos de regiões tropicais e subtropicais. Os resultados mostraram que as diferenças geoquímicas e de abundância relativa dos morfotipos de G. ruber branca evidenciam dois grupos de espécimes ecologicamente distintos, confirmando que o morfotipo sensu stricto calcifica em menores profundidades com relação ao morfotipo sensu lato e que reconstituições paleoceanográficas baseadas no uso não-seletivo dos morfotipos poderiam ser tendenciosas. A Análise Fatorial realizada nos dados de abundância relativa dos foraminíferos planctônicos identificou 4 fatores principais: o Fator 1, representado pelas espécies G. tenella, G. calida, e G. rubescens e relacionado com a temperatura subsuperficial; o Fator 2, representado pelas espécies N. incompta, N. dutertrei e G. truncatulinoides, relacionado com a profundidade da termoclina; o Fator 3, representado pela espécie G. bulloides, associado com o processo de ressurgência e o Fator 4, representado pelas espécies G. ruber e G. glutinata, associado com a intensidade da Corrente do Brasil. As variações mais expressivas de paleotemperatura e paleosalinidade da superfície do mar e da fauna de foraminíferos planctônicos estão relacionadas com os eventos climáticos abruptos do Hemisfério Norte ocorridos durante a deglaciação, tendo sido moduladas pelas variações de arranjo e intensidade da AMOC. Durante os eventos frios Heinrich 1 e Younger Dryas, relacionados a um enfraquecimento da AMOC, foi observado um aumento das paleotemperatura e paleosalinidade e da intensidade da Corrente do Brasil (Fator 4). Contrariamente, durante o evento quente Bolling-Allerod, a paleotemperatura e a paleosalinidade diminuíram expressivamente, como resposta à retomada da AMOC, e houve aumento da produtividade e presença de uma termoclina mais rasa (Fatores 2 e 3). Sugere-se ainda, que entre 26 e 15 ka houve um deslocamento para norte da Confluência Brasil-Malvinas, possivelmente alcançando a latitude da área de estudo (∼23°S), inferido pela presença da espécie G. inflata. Durante o Holoceno, também foi registrada variação significativa na intensidade da Corrente do Brasil, indicada pelos valores máximos do Fator 4 em torno de 7 ka. O reaparecimento das espécies do plexo G. menardii se deu em 8 ka, assim como o aumento das espécies de foraminíferos planctônicos subsuperficiais, indicado pelo Fator 1. Essas mudanças no Holoceno foram atribuídas à entrada efetiva das águas quentes e salinas do Oceano Índico via vazamento das Agulhas, as quais foram essenciais para o restabelecimento da AMOC moderna.The objective of the present study was to investigate the response of the planktonic foraminiferaassemblage to the superficial paleoceanographic variations in the western South Atlantic, which plays a key role in the AMOC. For this purpose, a continuous marine sedimentary record was analyzed from the Late Glacial Maximum to the present, based on the planktonic foraminifera assemblage, oxygen isotopes and the Mg/Ca ratio. In addition, variations in the occurrence and geochemistry of the two morphotypes of G. ruber (white) were evaluated. This is the main species used in paleoceanographic studies of tropical and subtropical regions. The results showed that the geochemical and relative abundance differences between the G. ruber morphotypes show two ecologically distinct groups of specimens, confirming that the morphotype sensu stricto calcifies at lower depths with respect to the morphotype and sensu lato, and paleoceanographic and paleoceanographic reconstructions using non-selective mixture of morphotypescould potentially be biased. The Factorial Analysis identified four factors: Factor 1, represented by G. tenella, G. calida, and G. rubescens, is related to the subsurface temperature; Factor 2, represented by N. incompta, N. dutertrei and G. truncatulinoides is related to the depth of the thermocline; Factor 3, represented by G. bulloides, is related toupwelling; and Factor 4, represented by G. ruber and G. glutinata, is related to the intensity of the Brazil Current. The results showed that the most significant variations of paleotemperature and paleosalinity and the planktonic foraminifera assemblage are related to the abrupt climatic events of the Northern Hemisphere occurred during deglaciation and were modulated by variations in AMOC arrangement and intensity. During the cold events Heinrich 1 and Younger Dryas, related to a weakening of the AMOC, an increase of paleotemperature and paleosalinity and intensity of the Brazil Current (Factor 4) in the western portion of the South Atlantic was observed. Conversely, during the hot event Bolli-Allerod, paleotemperature and paleosalinity decreased expressively, as a response to AMOC resumption, with increased productivity and presence of a shallower thermocline (Factors 2 and 3). It is also suggested that between 26 and 15 ka there was a displacement to the north of the Brazil-Malvinas Confluence, possibly reaching the latitude of the study area (∼23°S), inferred by the presence of the G. inflata. Along the Holocene, there was also a significant variation in the intensity of the Brazil Current, indicated by the maximum values of Factor 4 around 7ka. The reappearance of G. menardii plexus occurred in 8ka, as well as the increase of the species of subsurface planktonic foraminifera, indicated by Factor 1. These changes in the Holocene were attributed to the effective entrance of the hot and saline waters from the Indian Ocean via the Agulhas Leakage, which were essential for the reestablishment of the modern AMOC.
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"Endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor-mediated relaxation in coronary and pulmonary microcirculation: implications in cardiothoracic surgery." 2002. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5891354.
Full textAbstract:
Zou Wei.Thesis submitted in: December 2001.
Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2002.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 98-119).
Abstracts in English and Chinese.
Declaration --- p.i
Acknowledgements --- p.ii
Publication lists --- p.iii
Abstract --- p.ix
Abbreviations --- p.xiii
List of tables and figures --- p.xiv
Chapter Chapter 1: --- General Introduction --- p.1
Chapter 1.1. --- Endothelium-dependent relaxation in coronary and pulmonary circulation --- p.1
Chapter 1.1.1. --- Endothelium-derived relaxing factors --- p.2
Chapter 1.1.1.1. --- Nitric Oxide --- p.3
Chapter 1.1.1.2. --- PGI2 --- p.5
Chapter 1.1.1.3. --- EDHF --- p.6
Chapter 1.1.2. --- EDHF in coronary and pulmonary circulation --- p.8
Chapter 1.1.2.1. --- EDHF in coronary circulation --- p.8
Chapter 1.1.2.2. --- EDHF in pulmonary circulation --- p.9
Chapter 1.2. --- Effect of hyperkalemia on EDHF-mediated relaxation --- p.10
Chapter 1.3. --- Organ Preservation Solutions --- p.13
Chapter 1.3.1. --- Euro-Collins solution --- p.14
Chapter 1.3.2. --- University of Wisconsin solution --- p.15
Chapter Chapter 2: --- Objectives and research approaches --- p.16
Chapter 2.1. --- Objectives --- p.16
Chapter 2.1.1. --- "Endothelium-dependent relaxation resistant to INDO, L-NNA, and HbO in porcine and pulmonary coronary micro-arteries" --- p.16
Chapter 2.1.2. --- "EET11,12 and EDHF-mediated function in porcine coronary micro-arteries" --- p.17
Chapter 2.1.3. --- "Comparison of EC or UW solution on endothelium-dependent relaxation resistant to INDO, l-NNA, and HbO in porcine pulmonary arteries" --- p.17
Chapter 2.2. --- Research approaches --- p.18
Chapter 2.2.1. --- "Endothelium-dependence of the relaxation by BK or EET11,12" --- p.18
Chapter 2.2.2. --- Effect of hypothermic storage with EC and UW solution on EDHF-related relaxation --- p.18
Chapter 2.2.3. --- Time-dependent alteration of endothelium-dependent relaxation in pulmonary micro-arteries by EC and UW solution --- p.19
Chapter 2.2.4. --- Effect of HbO in endothelium-dependent relaxation --- p.19
Chapter Chapter 3: --- Material and Methods --- p.21
Chapter 3.1. --- General Methods --- p.21
Chapter 3.1.1. --- Porcine heart and lung collection and transportion
Chapter 3.1.2. --- Myograph --- p.21
Chapter 3.1.3. --- Myosight --- p.24
Chapter 3.1.4. --- Anatomizing blood vessel --- p.24
Chapter 3.1.5. --- Mounting --- p.24
Chapter 3.1.6 --- Normalization --- p.26
Chapter 3.1.6.1. --- Normalization of coronary micro-artery --- p.27
Chapter 3.1.6.2. --- Normalization of pulmonary micro-artery --- p.28
Chapter 3.1.7. --- Precontraction --- p.30
Chapter 3.1.8. --- Endothelium-dependent relaxation --- p.31
Chapter 3.2. --- Coronary artery studies --- p.32
Chapter 3.2.1. --- Porcine heart harvest and anatomy --- p.32
Chapter 3.2.2. --- Characteristic of histology of porcine coronary micro-artery --- p.32
Chapter 3.3. --- Pulmonary artery studies --- p.35
Chapter 3.3.1. --- Porcine lung harvest and anatomy --- p.35
Chapter 3.3.2. --- Characteristic of histology of porcine pulmonary micro- artery --- p.36
Chapter 3.4. --- Drugs --- p.41
Chapter 3.4.1. --- Drugs --- p.41
Chapter 3.4.2. --- Preparation of oxyhemoglobin solution --- p.41
Chapter 3.5. --- Statistical Analysis --- p.42
Chapter 3.5.1. --- Calculation of EC50 --- p.42
Chapter 3.5.2. --- Statistical analysis --- p.42
Chapter Chapter 4: --- "Epoxyeicosatrienoic Acids (EET11,12) May Partially Restore EDHF-Mediated Function in Coronary Micro-Arteries" --- p.43
Chapter 4.1. --- Abstract --- p.43
Chapter 4.2. --- Introduction --- p.44
Chapter 4.3. --- Experimental Protocol --- p.45
Chapter 4.3.1. --- Precontraction --- p.45
Chapter 4.3.2. --- "EDHF-mediated (INDO, L-NNA, and HbO-resistant) relaxation" --- p.45
Chapter 4.3.3. --- "EET11,12-mediated relaxation after exposure to hyperkalemia" --- p.46
Chapter 4.3.4. --- "The effect of incubation with EET11,12 on the BK-induced, EDHF-mediated relaxation" --- p.46
Chapter 4.4. --- Results --- p.47
Chapter 4.4.1. --- Resting force --- p.47
Chapter 4.4.2. --- HbO and U46619-induced contraction force --- p.48
Chapter 4.4.3. --- "EET11,12-induced relaxation in coronary micro-arteries after exposure to hyperkalemia" --- p.49
Chapter 4.4.4. --- "The EDHF-mediated relaxation to BK resistant to INDO, l- NNA,and HbO" --- p.51
Chapter 4.4.4.1. --- Incubated in either hyperkalemic solution (K+ 20mmol/L) or Krebs' solution (control) --- p.51
Chapter 4.4.4.2. --- "Incubated in either hyperkalemic solution (K+ 20mmol/L) plus EET11,12 or Krebs' solution (control)" --- p.53
Chapter 4.5. --- Discussion --- p.57
Chapter 4.5.1. --- EDHF plays an important role in the coronary micro-arteries --- p.57
Chapter 4.5.2. --- "EDHF-mediated (INDO, l-NNA, and HbO-resistant) relaxation in the coronary micro-arteries" --- p.58
Chapter 4.5.3. --- "EET11,12 may partially mimic the EDHF-mediated relaxation in the porcine coronary micro-artery" --- p.59
Chapter 4.5.4. --- "Effect of EET11,12 added in hyperkalemia may partially restore the EDHF-mediated relaxation in the porcine coronary micro-arteries" --- p.59
Chapter Chapter 5: --- Impaired EDHF-Mediated Relaxationin Porcine Pulmonary Micro-arteries by Cold Store with Euro-Collin's and University of Wisconsin Solution --- p.61
Chapter 5.1. --- Abstract --- p.61
Chapter 5.2. --- Introduction --- p.62
Chapter 5.3. --- Experimental Protocol --- p.64
Chapter 5.3.1. --- Precontraction --- p.64
Chapter 5.3.2. --- "Role of EDHF-mediated (INDO, L-NNA and HbO-resistant) relaxation in porcine pulmonary micro-arteries by BK orA23187" --- p.64
Chapter 5.3.3. --- Effect of hyperkalemia or preservation solutions (EC or UW) on the EDHF-mediated relaxation by BK or A23187 --- p.65
Chapter 5.3.3.1. --- The effect of hyperkalemia --- p.65
Chapter 5.3.3.2. --- Effect of EC solution on the EDHF-mediated relaxation --- p.65
Chapter 5.3.3.3. --- Effect of UW solution on the EDHF-mediated relaxation --- p.66
Chapter 5.3.3.4. --- The effect of UW and EC solutions on the contractility of the pulmonary micro-artery --- p.66
Chapter 5.4. --- Results --- p.66
Chapter 5.4.1. --- Resting force --- p.66
Chapter 5.4.2. --- U46619-induced contraction force --- p.67
Chapter 5.4.3. --- Role of EDHF-mediated relaxation induced by BK or A23187 --- p.67
Chapter 5.4.4. --- The effect of hyperkalemia --- p.71
Chapter 5.4.5. --- Effect of EC solution on the EDHF-mediated relaxation --- p.72
Chapter 5.4.6. --- Effect of UW solution on the EDHF-mediated relaxation --- p.73
Chapter 5.4.7. --- The effect of UW and EC solution on the contractility of the pulmonary micro-artery --- p.73
Chapter 5.5. --- Discussion --- p.77
Chapter 5.5.1. --- EDHF-mediated endothelial function exists in the pulmonary micro-circulation --- p.77
Chapter 5.5.2. --- Hyperkalemia exposure reduces EDHF-related relaxation and possible mechanism --- p.78
Chapter 5.5.3. --- The effect of EC and UW solutions on the EDHF-media relaxation in the pulmonary micro-arteries --- p.79
Chapter Chapter 6: --- General Discussion --- p.82
Chapter 6.1. --- Endothelium-dependent vasodilators: BK and A23187 --- p.82
Chapter 6.2. --- EDHF in porcine coronary and pulmonary micro-arteries --- p.84
Chapter 6.2.1. --- EDHF in porcine coronary micro-arteries --- p.84
Chapter 6.2.2. --- EDHF in porcine pulmonary micro-arteries --- p.87
Chapter 6.2.3. --- Vascular stretch and release of endothelium-derived vasodilators --- p.87
Chapter 6.2.4. --- "EET11,12" --- p.88
Chapter 6.3. --- "Endothelium-dependent relaxation resistant to INDO, L- NNA, and HbO in porcine coronary and pulmonary microcirculation" --- p.89
Chapter 6.4. --- "Alteration of endothelium-dependent relaxation resistant to INDO, l-NNA, and HbO after exposure to hyperkalemia" --- p.90
Chapter 6.5. --- "Alteration of endothelium-dependent contraction resistant to INDO, L-NNA, and HbO after exposure to EC or UW solutions" --- p.91
Chapter 6.6. --- Clinical implications --- p.92
Chapter 6.7. --- Limitations --- p.93
Chapter 6.7.1. --- Common limitations --- p.93
Chapter 6.7.2. --- Limitation of in vitro study --- p.93
Chapter 6.8. --- Future work --- p.94
Chapter Chapter 7: --- Conclusion --- p.96
References --- p.98
Appendies
"Wei Zou, Qin Yang, Anthony PC Yim, & Guo-Wei He Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EET11,12) may partially restore endothelium- derived hyperpolarizing factor-mediated function in coronary micro- arteries. Annals of Thoracic Surgery. 2001; 72(12): 1970~1976."
Books on the topic "Analogues of circulation"
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Darbellay, édéric. Circulation des Savoirs: Interdisciplinarité, Concepts Nomades, Analogies, Métaphores. Lang AG International Academic Publishers, Peter, 2012.
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2
La circulation des savoirs: Interdisciplinarité, concepts nomades, analogies, métaphores. Peter Lang AG, Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften, 2012.
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3
Akbari, Suzanne Conklin, and James Simpson, eds. The Oxford Handbook of Chaucer. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199582655.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
This Handbook produces a stereoscopic view of Chaucer’s works. Juxtaposing chapters by Middle English scholars with chapters by specialists in other fields – Latin and vernacular literature, philosophy, theology, and history of science – it offers a new perspective that uses the works of Chaucer to look out upon the wider world. Clusters of essays that place Chaucer’s works in “the Mediterranean Frame” and “the European Frame” are bracketed by groupings on “Biography and Circumstances of Daily Life” and “The Chaucerian Afterlife,” while a cluster on “Christian Doctrine and Religious Heterodoxy” foregrounds the role of confessional identities in the emergence of Middle English literary authority. The Handbook’s scope addresses the claim of universality that is often implicit in the study of Chaucer’s works. Chapters on anti-Judaism in the Canterbury Tales and on Hebrew literature reveal what has been suppressed or elided in the construction of English literary history, while studying the Arabic sources and analogues of the frame tale tradition reveals the patterns of circulation that lie behind the early modern emergence of national literatures. Chapters on French, Italian, and Latin literature address the linguistic context of late fourteenth-century Europe, while chapters on philosophy, history of science, and theology spur on new areas of development within Chaucer studies. Pushing at the disciplinary boundaries of Chaucer Studies, this Handbook maps out how we might develop our field with greater awareness of the interconnected world of the fourteenth century, and the increasingly interconnected – and divided – world we inhabit today.
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A, Dormandy J., and Royal Society of Medicine (Great Britain), eds. The Pathophysiology of critical ischaemia and pharmacological intervention with a stable prostacyclin analogue, iloprost. Royal Society of Medicine Services, 1989.
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5
Ngom, Fallou. Ajami Literacies of West Africa. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190657543.003.0007.
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Wherever there have been significant numbers of Muslims outside of Arabia, there has been some Ajami literacy. This is because Ajami results from the spread of Islam and its accompanying Arabic script. Just as the Latin script was adapted for some languages when Christianity was adopted by many cultures, Islam also introduced the Arabic script to sub-Saharan Africa and was modified to write numerous African languages. The techniques used in contemporary Ajami writings are ancient. The Arabic script itself is believed to have resulted from analogous techniques applied to the ancient Aramaic script. This chapter shows how dual literacies in Arabic and Ajami have spread in West Africa as the result of the expansion of Islam and its Quranic education system, proselytizing, and the circulation of people and texts.
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Cárdenas, Andrés, and Pere Ginès. The patient with hepatorenal syndrome. Edited by Giuseppe Remuzzi. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0169_update_001.
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Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) is a dreaded and common complication of patients with end-stage liver disease. The syndrome is characterized by functional renal failure due to renal vasoconstriction in the absence of underlying kidney pathology. The pathogenesis of HRS is the result of an extreme underfilling of the arterial circulation secondary to an arterial vasodilation located in the splanchnic circulation. This phenomenon triggers a compensatory response with activation of vasoconstrictor systems leading to intense renal vasoconstriction.Besides HRS, there are several other causes of renal failure in patients with cirrhosis including those secondary to bacterial infections, hypovolaemia, nephrotoxicity, and intrinsic renal disease. Thus, the diagnosis of HRS is based on established diagnostic criteria aimed at excluding non-functional causes of renal failure.The prognosis of patients with HRS is poor, especially in those who have a rapidly progressive course. Liver transplantation is the best option in suitable candidates, but it is not always applicable due to the short survival expectancy of listed candidates.Pharmacological therapies based on the use of vasoconstrictor drugs to reverse splanchnic vasodilation are the standard first line of therapy. The vasopressin analogue terlipressin is the best proven. Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts may be helpful in limited circumstances. Prevention of HRS can be attained with the use of albumin infusion in patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, with norfloxacin in patients very advanced liver disease and with N-acetylcysteine in those with severe acute alcoholic hepatitis.
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West, William N. Intertheatricality. Edited by Henry S. Turner. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199641352.013.8.
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This chapter examines intertheatricality in early modern drama and particularly the ways that intertheatrical moments reveal how a present mode of playing distinguishes itself from modes that precede it, but which it also preserves as a resource. Playgoing, it argues, implied the ability to pick out many different types of theatrical elements, at many different scales; what appears to us as a textual crux or lacuna may signify an especially dense point on a system of intertheatrical references that has been lost. Through an analysis of Elizabethan and Jacobean plays such as Thomas Kyd’sThe Spanish Tragedy, the chapter considers a shift from a notion of allusion—which produces complexity of meaning by juxtaposing two or more texts—to a notion of the analogue as a resource of theatrical possibility, familiarity, and difference. It shows that the formal elements in circulation discerned by intertheatricality appear not only as forms, but also as themes of theatrical performance.
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McLarney, Ellen Anne. Covering in the Public Eye. Princeton University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691158488.003.0005.
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This chapter explores the life and writings of three main personalities who contributed to shaping an aesthetics of veiling in disparate but analogous ways. In their writings and their performances of a public self, these writers construct a sense of the psychic space that the outward sign of the veil helps cultivate. This psychic space, this spiritual interiority, is created by veiling but also by the words, discourses, narratives, and images of the veil in public culture and public circulation. Each writer has been profoundly invested in the politics of performance—in television (Kariman Hamza), film (Shams al-Barudi), and theater and cultural criticism (Safinaz Kazim). These three early exemplars were pivotal in formulating the ideological and conceptual contours of the genre. They set down motifs and described psychic transformations that would become classic signposts on the path to veiling. Their narratives envisioned new kinds of Islamic media in which the visual signifier of the veil would become ascendant.
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Robinson, Peter. Poetry & Money. Liverpool University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781789622539.001.0001.
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Poetry & Money: A Speculation is a study of relationships between poets, poetry, and money from Chaucer to contemporary times. It begins by showing how trust is essential to the creation of value in human exchange, and how money can, depending on conditions, both enable and disable such trustfully collaborative generations of value. Drawing upon a vast range of poetry for its exemplifications, the book includes studies of poetic hardship, religious verse and debt redeeming, the South Sea Bubble and the financial revolution, debates upon metallic and paper currency in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, as well as modernist struggles with the gold standard, depression, inflation, and the realised groundlessness of exchange value. With its practitioner’s attention to the minutiae of poetic technique, it considers analogies between words and coins, and between poetic rhythm and the circulation of currencies in an economy. Through its close readings of poems over many centuries directly or indirectly engaged with money, it proposes ways in which, while we cannot escape monetary economies, we can resist, to some extent, being ensnared and diminished by them – through a fresh understanding of values money may serve to enable, ones which are nevertheless beyond price.
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Scott, Dominic, and R. Edward Freeman. Models of Leadership in Plato and Beyond. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198837350.001.0001.
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This book draws on Plato’s philosophy to throw light on contemporary leadership theory and practice. It combines an account of his thought with applications to modern case studies and approaches, in both politics and business. Rather than attempting to give a single ‘one-size-fits-all’ definition of leadership, his strategy was to break it into its different strands. He presents several ‘models’ of leadership, most of them images or analogies: the leader as doctor, navigator, artist, teacher, shepherd, weaver, or sower. Each model points to features of leadership that we intuitively recognize to be important (e.g. curing a social malaise, charting a new course, or weaving together the social fabric). Some were already in wide circulation in Plato’s time, like the shepherd and the navigator. What he did was to make them much richer and more complex. The book goes through the models individually, setting out the essentials of Plato’s thought and then illustrating each model with modern case studies—eighteen in total, including presidents, CEOs, and Nobel laureates. There is also a chapter comparing Plato’s models with four recent leadership approaches. Highly innovative in its approach, this book presupposes no prior knowledge of Plato, although those familiar with his philosophy will find it a fruitful way of re-reading his work. But the focus is first and foremost on leadership, rather than celebrating Plato’s achievements: the priority is to present a multi-faceted approach, which does justice to the complex phenomenon of leadership.
Book chapters on the topic "Analogues of circulation"
1
Hartmann, Mark, and Michael H. Schneider. "An Analogue of Hoffman’s Circulation Conditions for Max-Balanced Flows." In Combinatorial Optimization, 279–81. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77489-8_24.
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Bieg, Ulrich, Michael Peter Süss, and Joachim Kuhlemann. "Simulation of Tidal Flow and Circulation Patterns in the Early Miocene (Upper Marine Molasse) of the Alpine Foreland Basin." In Analogue and Numerical Modelling of Sedimentary Systems: From Understanding to Prediction, 145–69. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444303131.ch6.
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Papathanassopoulos, Stylianos, Iliana Giannouli, and Ioanna Archontaki. "The Media in Southern Europe: Continuities, Changes and Challenges." In Springer Studies in Media and Political Communication, 133–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-32216-7_6.
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AbstractThe media systems of Portugal, Spain, France, Italy, Malta, Greece, Cyprus and Turkey represent what Daniel Hallin and Paolo Mancini have proposed as the Southern European or polarised pluralistic model. Regardless of their differences, the media in Southern Europe are characterised by low levels of newspaper circulation, a tradition of advocacy reporting, instrumentalisation of privately owned media, politicisation of public broadcasting and broadcast regulation and limited development of journalism as an autonomous profession. In the digital era, the media in Southern Europe have to adjust themselves to the new conditions, as citizens have turned rapidly to the digital and social media, regardless the uneven development of the Internet in most countries. It seems that digitisation of the media landscape has led the Southern European media to follow a path not very dissimilar to other European countries as in the past. The advent of digital and social media, as well as the emergence of citizen journalism, has made the news media landscape even more uncertain for the legacy media and the professional journalist, but less controlled by the state, which used to be the norm in the analogue past.
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Barsotti, G., F. Ciardella, E. Morelli, A. Cupisti, A. Guidi, E. Buoncristiani, and S. Giovannetti. "A low-protein diet supplemented with amino acids and their analogues lowers circulating ß-endorphins in chronic uremic patients." In Amino Acids, 1119–24. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2262-7_141.
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Stepanov, Grigory A., Julia A. Filippova, Anna A. Nushtaeva, Elena V. Kuligina, Olga A. Koval, Vladimir A. Richter, and Dmitriy V. Semenov. "Artificial Analogues of Circulating Box C/D RNAs Induce Strong Innate Immune Response and MicroRNA Activation in Human Adenocarcinoma Cells." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 121–25. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42044-8_24.
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Cherepanova, Anna V., Zhanna K. Nazarkina, and Pavel P. Laktionov. "Oligodeoxynucleotide Analogues of Circulating DNA Inhibit dsRNA-Induced Immune Response at the Early Stages of Signal Transduction Cascade in a Cell Type-Dependent Manner." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 105–7. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42044-8_20.
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"Targeting blood vessels in vivo by using phage display libraries." In Targeted Therapy for Cancer, edited by Claudia Vidal, Marina Cardo-Vila, Johanna Lahdenranta, Wadih Arap, and Renata Pasqualini, 250–56. Oxford University PressOxford, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198508960.003.0014.
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Abstract We have recently identified a novel vascular address system, analogous to ZIP (postal) codes, that makes it possible to target organ-specific blood vessels and newly formed (angiogenic) blood vessels in tumors. Furthermore, we have isolated peptides that can home to normal blood vessels or sites of angiogenesis through the circulation via this vascular address system.
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Coe, Jack J. "An Examination Of The Draft Award Circulation Provision." In The Future Of Investment Arbitration, 107–29. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195371802.003.0005.
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Abstract As has been expertly discussed elsewhere, the United States’ Bilateral Investment Treaty (BIT) program has for many years relied upon a succession of model texts as a basis for pursuing investor protection with prospective treaty partners. In the most recently published Model BIT, there are a number of provisions that reflect both experience under the NAFTA Chapter Eleven and developments within the investorstate arbitration docket in general. Some of the new provisions are largely substantive, such as those that attempt to clarify the content of governing law. As important as those substantive refinements are likely to be, it may well be the subtle and not so subtle changes in the Model’s procedural initiatives that will have the greater impact. One such provision is embedded in Article 28, which in relevant part requires tribunals in certain settings to circulate draft awards to the disputants. Though one finds a rough analogue in WTO practice, the Model’s draft award provision6 remains
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Turner, Helen E., Richard Eastell, and Ashley Grossman. "Endocrine investigation, nursing, and dietetics." In Endocrinology (Oxford Desk Reference), 457–66. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199672837.003.0018.
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This chapter documents laboratory procedures in testing and diagnosing endocrine disorders. The diagnosis and monitoring of endocrine disorders depend largely on measurements of circulating hormones and growth factors. These measurements can often be made using serum or urine. This chapter also describes the role of endocrine specialist nurses and includes information on dynamic tests, somatostatin analogue treatment, patient education, patient support, and societies and meetings designed for endocrinology clinicians. In addition, the chapter describes dietetic and dietary assessments for disorders such as amenorrhoea, hypoglycaemia, and polycystic ovary syndrome (commonly abbreviated as PCOS).
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Whyte, Michael P. "Rickets and Osteomalacia (Acquired and Heritable Forms)." In Oxford Textbook of Endocrinology and Diabetes 3e, edited by John A. H. Wass, Wiebke Arlt, and Robert K. Semple, 763–86. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198870197.003.0091.
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Rickets and osteomalacia refer to the consequences of generalized impairment of skeletal mineralization during growth and adult life, respectively. Among the complications can be deformity, fracture, weakness, and pain. The many acquired or heritable causes typically involve low circulating levels of inorganic phosphate (Pi), often with hypocalcaemia and secondary hyperparathyroidism. Commonly, the pathogenesis features deficiency of vitamin D leading to malabsorption of dietary calcium (Ca). Especially rare forms involve aberrant bioactivation or action of vitamin D, elevated circulating levels of a phosphatonin (typically fibroblast growth factor 23) that cause renal Pi wasting and hypophosphatemia, or alkaline phosphatase deficiency. All types have some medical treatment, but success depends on correcting the aetiology or effectively addressing the pathogenesis, often requiring supplementation with vitamin D or an analogue together with Ca or Pi. Although general guidelines for therapy may be available, skilled personalized treatment and follow-up are key to safe and successful outcomes.
Conference papers on the topic "Analogues of circulation"
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Benson, Erin, and Alan Boudreau. "LAYERED INTRUSIONS AS SUBDUCTION ZONE ANALOGUES: GEOCHEMICAL AND ISOTOPIC EVIDENCE OF FLUID CIRCULATION IN THE STILLWATER COMPLEX, MONTANA." In GSA Connects 2021 in Portland, Oregon. Geological Society of America, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2021am-366435.
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Lukyanova, Anna, Anna Lukyanova, Andrei Bagaev, Andrei Bagaev, Vladimir Zalesny, Vladimir Zalesny, Vitaliy Ivanov, and Vitaliy Ivanov. "NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF THE SEMIDIURNAL TIDAL WAVE IMPACT ON THE BLACK SEA CLIMATIC CIRCULATION." In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31519/conferencearticle_5b1b9439af4c65.49313476.
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The Black Sea is an enclosed deep marine basin, where the structure of tidal movements is dominated by the direct influence of the tidal force on the proper water body. We investigated the spatial structure of its climatic circulation under the impact of tides. We developed a program module extending the numerical general circulation model of the Black Sea which was designed in the Institute of numerical mathematics, Moscow. It allows the lunar semidiurnal harmonics (M_2) influence to be taken into account explicitly via the discrete analogues of the differential equations of motion. Our work reflects the main results of the numerical experiment on the 4x4 km horizontal grid and 40 vertical σ-levels. It was a one-year model run using the CORE atmospheric climatology forcing. We compared the first and the last weeks of simulation and found out that the characteristics of a tidal mode M2 were established at a very short period of time (7 days), which is the estimate of the model’s energy redistribution time scale. The coastal areas where the tidal impact is substantial (~10 cm) were located mainly at the shallow-shelf inlets highly influenced by the climate change. Validation of the cotidal maps showed the reliability of our model at the climatological time scale. In future we will focus on the baroclinic tidal movements and validation with the Marine Hydrophysical Institute database in order to shed new light on physical and ecological processes at the frontal zone along the Rim Current.
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Lukyanova, Anna, Anna Lukyanova, Andrei Bagaev, Andrei Bagaev, Vladimir Zalesny, Vladimir Zalesny, Vitaliy Ivanov, and Vitaliy Ivanov. "NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF THE SEMIDIURNAL TIDAL WAVE IMPACT ON THE BLACK SEA CLIMATIC CIRCULATION." In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21610/conferencearticle_58b4316462ec6.
Full textAbstract:
The Black Sea is an enclosed deep marine basin, where the structure of tidal movements is dominated by the direct influence of the tidal force on the proper water body. We investigated the spatial structure of its climatic circulation under the impact of tides. We developed a program module extending the numerical general circulation model of the Black Sea which was designed in the Institute of numerical mathematics, Moscow. It allows the lunar semidiurnal harmonics (M_2) influence to be taken into account explicitly via the discrete analogues of the differential equations of motion. Our work reflects the main results of the numerical experiment on the 4x4 km horizontal grid and 40 vertical σ-levels. It was a one-year model run using the CORE atmospheric climatology forcing. We compared the first and the last weeks of simulation and found out that the characteristics of a tidal mode M2 were established at a very short period of time (7 days), which is the estimate of the model’s energy redistribution time scale. The coastal areas where the tidal impact is substantial (~10 cm) were located mainly at the shallow-shelf inlets highly influenced by the climate change. Validation of the cotidal maps showed the reliability of our model at the climatological time scale. In future we will focus on the baroclinic tidal movements and validation with the Marine Hydrophysical Institute database in order to shed new light on physical and ecological processes at the frontal zone along the Rim Current.
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Popova, Valeria V., Daria D. Bokuchava, and Tatiana A. Matveeva. "The humidification anomalies in the large-scale river basins on the East European Plain in the period of Early 20 Century Warming: circulation factors and analogues in the modern climate." In 28th International Symposium on Atmospheric and Ocean Optics: Atmospheric Physics, edited by Oleg A. Romanovskii and Gennadii G. Matvienko. SPIE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2645173.
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Zhou, Qinlian, Jian Gao, Wei Huang, and R. T. Yen. "Vascular Impedance Analysis in Human Pulmonary Circulation." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-33525.
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Vascular impedance in human pulmonary circulation is analyzed by the fluid dynamic approach. A model representing the entire system of pulmonary circulation is constructed based on experimentally measured morphometric and elasticity data of the vessels. The pulmonary arteries and veins are considered as elastic tubes. Their impedance follows Womersley’s theory and electric analogue. The “sheet-flow” theory is employed to describe the flow in capillaries and thus a microvascular impedance matrix is derived. The input impedance at the main pulmonary artery is calculated under both zone 3 and zone 2 conditions. The results are compared with available experimental data in the literature.
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Williams, Jewel, Shelby Warrington, and Astrid Layton. "Waste Reduction: A Review of Common Options and Alternatives." In ASME 2019 14th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2019-2903.
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Abstract Circular economy aims to address limited resources through the continuous circulation of materials and energy. Recirculating low quality materials for reuse is a sustainability goal that is analogous to the primary function of Nature’s detritus species, a keystone for the proper functioning of ecosystems. Prior applications of ecosystem structure to human network design uncovered that even the most economically successful networks of industries demonstrate a lack of analogous detritus actors in the form of reuse and recycling. The recycling industry’s volatile nature, dependency on international factors, and financial difficulties prevent this strategy from becoming an efficient alternative. Creativity in design, inspired by ecosystems, is proposed here as a method to repurpose manufacturing byproducts that are otherwise seen as low quality waste materials. Realizing the reuse potential of these materials can create detrital-type feedback loops, an attribute that supports the characteristic resilience and efficiency of ecosystems. The work here analyzes existing methods of pursuing circular economy and investigates the potential benefits generated by purposefully adding connects that create detrital-feedback-loops at the consumer and producer levels.
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Иванов, А. А., and В. Г. Черненко. "Bronze rings with images from the excavations of the settlement Estate “Vinogradnik” in 2014." In Древности Боспора. Crossref, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.25681/iaras.2020.978-5-94375-339-8.214-224.
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The article is devoted to the introduction into scientific circulation of a series of three cast bronze signet rings discovered during archaeological excavations of the settlement of the Hellenistic time “The Estate “Vinogradnik”, located to the south of the village of Varvarovka, Anapa. The shape of the items, the plots of the images and the analogies make it possible to date metal rings back to IV-II centuries BC, what coincides with the general chronology of the settlement “The Estate “Vinogradnik”. During the survey it was found out that the motives of the images on the rings were widely represented in the ancient times. Eros with a lowered torch, a bearded goat with a raised front leg and a jumping or running dog are related to the most popular cults and religious beliefs of the peoples in the Northern Black Sea region. The findings of the signet rings may indicate the involvement of the estate population in the economic life of Gorgippia, where cast metal rings and gems with images have been found throughout the life of the polis.
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Arrofi, Daffa, Israa S. Abu-Mahfouz, Jawad Rafiq, Jarvis R. Cline, Mutaz Al-Jafari, and Mohamed Al-Ghamdi. "Natural Fracture Characterization Through Digital Outcrop Model in Southwestern Saudi Arabia Geothermal Field." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. IPTC, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-24657-ea.
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Geothermal energy is the heat energy stored in the subsurface of the Earth due to the decay of radioactive elements within the mantle and the crust (Schubert et al., 1980). This energy is continuously produced, making it a sustainable and renewable energy source (Owusu and Asumadu-Sarkodie, 2016). One of the key advantages of geothermal energy is its capacity to provide baseload power that can be run constantly to fulfill the energy demands of any society, making it a dependable and persistent source of energy. Unlike other renewable energy sources such as solar and wind, geothermal energy, it is not affected by weather or daylight and can supply a consistent source of electricity day and night. Saudi Arabia possesses significant geothermal resources along of western boundary for both volcanic and non-volcanic geothermal systems (Chandrasekharam et al., 2014; Lashin et al., 2014; Al-Douri et al.,2019; Abu-Mahfouz et al., 2023). One of the potential geothermal areas is in Jizan, Southwestern Saudi Arabia (Hussein et al., 2013; Chandrasekharam et al., 2016; Arrofi and Abu-Mahfouz, 2023). Despite the fact that Jizan has a medium-high enthalpy system, it is largely underutilized. One of the most prevalent challenges encountered during exploitation is a low permeability reservoir to allow fluid circulation. However, it can be addressed by undertaking a detailed study of characterizing natural fractures both in the surface and subsurface. Natural fractures might enhance fluid circulation and permeability, making geothermal extraction a more viable option (Arrofi et al., 2022; Viswanathan et al., 2022; Abu-Mahfouz et al., 2023). It is crucial to investigate the distribution, orientation, and connectivity of fractures in geothermal systems. In the Al-Ardah geothermal field, located in Jizan, hydrothermal fluid is believed to flow from the eastern region, following the dip direction of the regional faults, and discharge on the western side (Arrofi et al., 2023). The reservoir area is indicated to be in the eastern region of Al-Ardah within the granitic rock (Fig. 1). Additionally, the granitic rock in the Al-Ardah area had undergone significant alteration due to intense interaction with the thermal water (Lashin and Al Arifi, 2014). It also suggests that the reservoir is located in the eastern part of the hot springs area. This study aims to characterize fractures and investigate fluid flow in the eastern part of Al-Ardah, Jizan, using an outcrop analogue (see the study location in Fig. 1).
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Wang, Lihua, Brandon Miller, Sonny Khin, Geraldine O’Sullivan-Coyne, Alice P. Chen, Shivaani Kummar, Naoko Takebe, et al. "Abstract B018: Restoration of p16INK4Aexpression in circulating tumor cells in patients with advanced solid tumors treated with deoxycytidine analogs and associated dynamic EMT phenotypic changes." In Abstracts: AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference on Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; October 26-30, 2019; Boston, MA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1535-7163.targ-19-b018.
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Carrell, R. W., P. D. Christey, and D. R. Boswell. "SERPINS: ANTITHROMBIN AND OTHER INHIBITORS OF COAGULATION AND FIBRINOLYSIS. EVIDENCE FROM AMINO ACID SEQUENCES." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1642896.
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A number of the key inhibitors of coagulation and fibrinolysis have recently been shown to be members of the same superfamily of serine protease inhibitors, the serpins. The archetypes of the group are alpha-l-antitrypsin and antithrombin and it includes antiplasmin, C1-inhibitor, heparin cofactor II and the newly recognised inhibitors of plasminogen activators and activated Protein C. Alignment of their structures shows that they have the same skeletal three-dimensional conformation and, by inference, the same general function mechanisms.The serpins have a reactive centre, primarily dependent on a single amino acid, exteriorly placed on a stressed peptide loop. This functions by offering the cognate protease a high-affinity substrate that resists complete cleavage to form a tight 1:1 complex of inhibitor and protease that is subsequently removed from the circulation. The loop is vulnerable to cleavage with resulting loss of inhibitory activity. This irreversible switch is utilised: pathologically by venom and invasive bacterial proteases; and physiologically by the neutrophil leucocyte to modify local inflammatory responses. These mechanisms contribute to the changes seen in DIC and the shock syndromes.Modelling of antithrombin indicates the likely topological features involved in the binding of heparin, namely a sphere of positive charge centred on the A and D helices and involving Arg 47, Lys 125, Arg 129 and probably Arg 132 and Lys 133.Because the serpins are largely dependent for their specificityon a single amino acid it is now possible to precisely tailor inhibitory activity by site specific mutation. This has been used to produce recombinant antitrypsins that function as an improved inhibitor of neutrophil proteases (valine or leucine reactive centre), or as an analogue of antithrombin (arginine reactive centre). An elegant application of this approach is the engineered mutants of antiplasmin recently described by Holmes, Collen and colleagues (Leuven).