Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Anaerobe E.coli K12'
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Chaudhary, Nida. "Anaerobic fermentation of glycerol by Escherichia coli K12 for the production of ethanol." Thesis, McGill University, 2010. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:8881/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=92278.
Full textSimonte, Francesca Maria [Verfasser], and J. [Akademischer Betreuer] Gescher. "Untersuchung zur anaeroben Regulation des prp-Operons in Escherichia coli K12 im Hinblick auf die Entwicklung eines Propionatbiosensors / Francesca Maria Simonte ; Betreuer: J. Gescher." Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 2016. http://d-nb.info/111427335X/34.
Full textMalik, Noor-e.-Mobeen. "Homologous intermolecular recombination in Escherichia coli K12." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.621901.
Full textHough, Melinda Terace. "Streptomycin and Escherichia coli K12 MG1655 cell death." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/24714.
Full textBrown, Angela. "An ecotoxicogenomic study in Escherichia coli K12-MG1655." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.417436.
Full textPicksley, S. M. "Inducible recombination and DNA repair in Escherichia coli K12." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.332729.
Full textHagan, Nicola Frances Petrina. "Analysis of the Escherichia coli K12 RuvC recombination protein." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.321461.
Full textPEBORDE, JEAN PASCAL. "Etude biochimique et immunologique du lipopolysaccharide d'escherichia coli k12." Toulouse 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989TOU30074.
Full textClugston, C. K. "Amplification of an IS1-flanked unit in Escherichia coli K12." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.234833.
Full textIobbi-Nivol, Chantal. "Mise en évidence d'une seconde nitrate réductase chez Escherichia coli K12." Aix-Marseille 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AIX22069.
Full textElmore, M. J. "Studies on the regulation of potassium efflux in Escherichia coli K12." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.592399.
Full textOxbek, B. "The effect of imperfect mixing on the performance of Escherichia coli K12." Thesis, Swansea University, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.638386.
Full textBurgess, Sherese E. "Identifying Oxidative changes in E coli K12 under photocatalytic stress by TiO2." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 2012. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/305.
Full textBlakely, Garry William. "The regulation and stability of insertion sequence IS1 in Escherichia coli K12." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.335291.
Full textNaom, Isam Said. "Molecular and functional analysis of the sbcC gene of Escherichia coli K12." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.294029.
Full textBenson, Fiona Elizabeth. "Molecular cloning and analysis of the ruv gene of Escherichia coli K12." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1988. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/30593/.
Full textPöplau, Petra. "Interaktionen zwischen löslichen Komponenten des flagellenspezifischen Typ III-Sekretionssystems von Escherichia coli K12." Diss., lmu, 2007. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-79082.
Full textGreen, Stephen Mark. "Purine nucleotide biosynthesis in Escherichia coli K12 : molecular biology of the purB gene." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.316409.
Full textLiébart, Jean-Claude. "Mecanisme d'integration de l'adn du bacteriophage mu dans le chromosome d'escherichia coli k12." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066184.
Full textLiébart, Jean-Claude. "Mécanisme d'intégration de l'ADN du bactériophage Mu dans le chromosome d'Escherichia coli K12." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37607449h.
Full textTsilibaris, Virginie. "A la recherche de la fonction des systèmes toxine-antitoxine chromosomiques d'E. coli K12." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210519.
Full textAu début de notre travail, cinq systèmes TA étaient identifiés dans le chromosome d’E. coli. Il avait été montré par notre laboratoire que parmi ces systèmes, seul yefM-yoeB était activé en condition de surproduction de la protéase ATP-dépendante Lon. Ce résultat était surprenant puisque Lon était connue pour dégrader également l’antitoxine RelB du système chromosomique relBE. Un des objectifs de notre travail était de comprendre les mécanismes sous-jacents à cette spécificité. Nous avons montré que l’antitoxine YefM était dégradée à la fois par Lon et les protéases ClpAP et ClpXP. Nous avons également montré qu’en condition de surproduction de Lon, YefM était fortement instable (t1/2~ 10 min. vs 60 min en condition normale). Cette instabilité accrue permet donc l’activation du système yefM-yoeB, c’est-à-dire la libération de la toxine YoeB du complexe qu’elle forme avec YefM. Nous avons également avons montré que le t1/2 de RelB n’était pas affecté par la surproduction de Lon, ce qui explique pourquoi le système relBE n’est pas activé dans ces conditions. Notre hypothèse était qu’un cofacteur soit nécessaire à la dégradation de RelB par Lon et que celui-ci serait limitant dans nos conditions expérimentales. Le crible génétique que nous avons réalisé n’a cependant pas permis d’identifier de cofacteur de dégradation ni de régulateur transcriptionnel en trans du système relBE.
Un deuxième volet de notre travail de thèse a consisté en l’étude de la fonction des systèmes TA chromosomiques. L’hypothèse prévalente au début de notre travail était que les systèmes TA soient intégrés dans les voies adaptatives de réponses au stress. Cependant, le résultat de leur activation était controversé. L’hypothèse du groupe de Gerdes était que leur activation mène à un état bactériostatique réversible alors que le groupe d’Engelberg-Kulka montrait que le système mazEF était un système de mort programmée. Afin d’éclaircir le rôle des cinq systèmes TA dans la physiologie d’E. coli, nous avons testé l’effet de nombreux stress sur la croissance et la viabilité de souches sauvages et de souches délétées de ces systèmes. Aucune des conditions que nous avons testées n’a entraîné une diminution de la viabilité excluant de manière définitive l’hypothèse de la mort programmée. De plus, l’inhibition de croissance causée par ces différents stress s’est avérée être indépendante des cinq systèmes, de même que la phase de récupération suivant les différents stress. Enfin, nos expériences de compétition ont clairement démontré que les cinq systèmes ne procuraient aucun avantage sélectif aux bactéries dans des conditions de compétition en carence nutritive. Les systèmes TA étudiés dans ce travail ne jouent donc aucun rôle dans l’adaptation aux stress que nous avons testé puisqu’ils n’améliorent ni l’aptitude (fitness), ni la compétitivité des bactéries dans ces conditions.
Doctorat en Sciences
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Sharples, Gary John. "Molecular organisation and functional analysis of the chromosomal ruv region of Escherichia coli K12." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.276350.
Full textGiffard, P. M. "A study of the effects of a novel rpoA mutation (phs) in Escherichia coli K12." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.377599.
Full textTennoune, Naouel. "Validation du concept du mimétisme moléculaire entre les protéines d'E. Coli K12 et l'α-MSH." Rouen, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ROUES043.
Full textPeripheral and central regulatory peptides play important roles in mechanisms of appetite and body weight control. Recently autoantibodies (autoAbs) directed against appetite-regulating neuropeptides have been identified in subjects with eating disorders, suggesting that they may be involved in the mechanisms of altered appetite, but the origin of these autoAbs is unknown. Insilico study showed sequence homologies between α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), a neuropeptide critically involved in the regulation of energy metabolism and proteins of gut microbiota. It suggests that gut microbiota can stimulate production of autoAbs against α-MSH by molecular mimicry. The aim of this project was to validate the molecular mimicry concept between gut microbiota proteins and α-MSH. In the first part, we applied a proteomic approach to identify if proteins of Escherichia coli (E. Coli) K12, a commensal strain of gut bacteria, may have molecular mimicry with α-MSH. We determine that E. Coli ClpB protein has conformational mimicry with α-MSH and that immunization of mice with ClpB stimulates production of anti-α-MSH IgG accompanied by increased food intake and body weight and lower anxiety in mice. We also showed that providing E. Coli K12 by gavage in rats increases body weight and plasma levels of ClpB and α-MSH-reactive IgG. Finally, we showed that anti-ClpB IgG are present in humans and that their plasma levels correlate with psychopathological traits in patients with eating disorders. Thus, bacterial proteins-stimulated production of IgG cross-reacting with peptide hormones appears as a molecular mechanism underlying bacterial control of host feeding behavior and emotion. In second part, to study gender differences observed in ED, we compared effects of chronic gavage with E. Coli K12 on the production of autoAbs against these melanocortin peptides between female and male rats. We found that prior to gavage, E. Coli K12 cDNA was detected in feces of female but not male rats. During gavage phase, body weight was increased in E. Coli exposed female rats but decreased in male rats. Independently to E. Coli treatment, plasma levels of anti- α-MSH and ACTH- IgG were higher in female than male rats. After gavage, female rats responded to E. Coli by increasing α-MSH IgG but male rats α-MSH IgM. Furthermore, E. Coli-treated females showed increased affinities of IgG for α-MSH which was not observed in males, but affinity of IgG for ACTH was increased in both female and male rats, although with different affinity kinetics. IgG from both control and E. Coli treated female rats enhanced more efficiently than IgG from male rats α-MSH-induced cAMP production by melanocortin 4 receptor expressing cells. Thus, these data show that the response to E. Coli K12 to produce autoAbs against melanocortin peptides is gender-dependent suggesting that presence or absence of E. Coli K12 as gut commensals may represent a gender-related risk factor relevant to eating disorders. Finally we studied if gut microbiota proteins can directly influence eating behaviour. Dynamics of bacterial growth depend on nutrients availability suggesting that it may differentially affect host control of food intake. We showed that repetitive nutrients provision to commensal E. Coli K12 bacteria modifies their proteomes so that the relative amount of bacterial enzymes involved in catabolic vs. Anabolic processes were elevated in the stationary phase indicating increased bacteria-derived energy substrates to the host. Furthermore, intraperitoneal administration of E. Coli proteins from the exponential phase increased but from the stationary phase decreased food intake in overnight fasted rats. In free feeding rats, E. Coli proteins increased c-fos expression in the hypothalamic ventromedial nucleus. These data show that nutrients-triggered changes of E. Coli proteome may increase satiety signalling to the host supporting involvement of gut microbiota in host control of food intake
Wang, Yingying, and 王瑩瑩. "Bacterial degradation of ortho-dimethyl phthalate ester and adaptationof escherichia coli K12 to carbon-limited growth." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29514794.
Full textDuplay, Pascale. "Approche génétique de la topologie fonctionnelle de la protéine affine du maltose chez Escherichia coli K12." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb375973415.
Full textBonnefoy, Violaine. "Nitrate réductases chez Escherichia coli K12 : régulation de l'operon nar GHJI et mise en évidence de l'isoenzyme narZ." Aix-Marseille 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988AIX22004.
Full textLarsonneur, Fanny. "Characterisation of new chaperone-usher fimbriae : the Yad fimbriae." Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCC122.
Full textBacterial cell surface proteins and appendages mediate adhesion to surfaces or host tissues. Initial adhesion is thus a key step in colonization and biofilm formation pro cesses leading to infection. The chaperone-usher family includes many fimbriae promoting interaction with host specific epithelial cell surfaces as well as colonisation of secondary habitats such as plants. Our laboratory objective is to characterize E. Coli arsenal of adhesins since they allow certain microorganisms to survive in the host or on surfaces, to understand their role in E. Cou biology. We recently identified seven E. Cou K-12 chaperone-usher fimbriae silenced under classical laboratory conditions but functional when constitutively expressed. One of these fimbriae is produced upon the expression of the yad operon and forms a network of surfaces appendages forming bundles connecting bacteria. This structural organisation is responsible for the capacity of the Yad fimbriae to induce adhesion to abiotic and biotic surfaces. We undertook a functional characterisation of these fimbriae, thus identifying their structural components. We demonstrate that they promote adhesion of E. Coli to xylose through the lectin, YadC, located at die tip of the fimbriae. The study of yad regulation showed that it is strongly repressed by the nucleoid-associated protein H-NS. Additionally, we demonstrated that a complex regulatory network involving multiple regulators and environmental factors such as temperature and oxygenation also participate in the control of yad expression. Indeed, yad expression is highly increased in anaerobic conditions and at 30°C. Those results and Yad affinity for xylose prompt us to assay Yad involvement in rhizosphere colonization. Yad expressing bacteria colonize the rhizosphere more efficiently in competition experiments with the wild¬type strain. Those results show that E. Con possesses a large arsenal of adhesion factors, which expression is controlled by environmental conditions that could modulate its ability to colonize and persist
Azevedo, Leandro Augusto da Cunha. "Estudo sobre as mudanças fenotípicas conferidas por plasmídios R provenientes de Klebsiella pneumoniae e Escherichia coli em transconjugantes de E. coli K12-R23." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2011. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=6152.
Full textPlasmídios são DNA extracromossômicos, com capacidade de se duplicarem de forma independente das células que os albergam, e são responsáveis pela expressão de uma variedade de características, como fatores de virulência. O material do presente estudo se constituiu da cepa receptora E. coli K12-R23, e de cepas de Klebsiella pneumoniae e de Escherichia coli, doadoras de plasmídios R e transconjugantes. O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar os fenótipos conferidos em cepas transconjugantes de ambas bactérias pela transferência de plasmídios R de cepas doadoras para a receptora. Para a análise dos fenótipos, utilizaram-se, nas cepas do estudo, algumas variáveis: sensibilidade a antimicrobianos e a ERO, aderência a células HEp-2, e formação de slime e de biofilme. O marcador da presença de plasmídio, neste trabalho, foi a presença de resistênca à gentamicina nas cepas doadoras. Os resultados indicaram que houve transferência de plasmídio, pois as cepas transconjugantes de K. pneumoniae e de E. coli apesentaram este marcador (foram resistentes à gentamicina); além disso, as cepas transconjugantes mostraram perfis distintos da receptora em relação à sensibilidade aos antimicrobianos, às ERO, aos padrões de aderência às células HEp-2 e à formação de slime, apesar de a formação de biofilme nestas cepas não ter sofrido modificações. Observou-se, contudo, que várias características das cepas doadoras não foram encontradas nas cepas transconjugantes de E. coli e de K. pneumoniae.
Plasmids are extrachromosomal DNA that have the ability to duplicate independently of the host cells. Plasmids are responsible for the expression of a variety of characteristics of the cells, such as virulence factors. The present study utilized a receptor strain of E. Coli K12-R23 and strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae and E. coli which were R plasmids donor strains and transconjugant ones. The objective of this study was to analyze the attributed phenotypes of transconjugant strains in both bacteria caused by transference of R plasmids from the donor strains to the receptor ones. In order to analyze these phenotypes, the following variables were selected: sensitivity to antimicrobials and ROS, adherence to HEp-2 cells, and slime and biofilm structures. The marker of the presence of plasmids was gentamycin resistance in the donor strains. The observed results indicated that there was plasmid transfer; given that Klebsiella pneumoniae and E. coli strains presented the marker (e.g. they became resistant to gentamycin). Moreover, transconjugant strains have showed distinct profiles from the receptor strain concerning sensitivity to antimicrobials, ROS, adherence patterns to HEp-2 cells and slime structure. On the other hand, the biofilm structure of these strains did not present modifications. Yet, it was observed that several characteristics of the donor strains were not found in the transconjugant strains of E. coli and K. pneumoniae.
Gleber, Conrad David. "The effect of AZT and AZT prodrugs on escherichia coli K12 analyzed in static phase by fluorospectroscopy /." Tallahassee, Fla. : Florida State University, 2010. http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/lib/digcoll/undergraduate/honors-theses/2181941.
Full textAdvisor: Dr. D. Tyler McQuade, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Dept. of Chemistry and Biochemistry. Includes bibliographical references.
Stafslien, Shane J. "Preliminary Investigation of Escherichia Coli K12 Biofilm Inhibition on an Antimicrobial Polysiloxane Coating using Whole Transcriptome Profiling." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2012. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/26642.
Full textBonnefoy, Violaine. "Nitrate réductases chez Escherichia coli K12 régulation de l'opéron narGHJI et mise en évidence de l'isoenzyme NarZ /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376120618.
Full textClavel, Thierry. "Le système Tol-Pal d'Escherichia coli K12 : organisation génétique et relation avec la synthèse de la capsule bactérienne." Lyon 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LYO10227.
Full textBEJAR, SAMIR. "Etudes de la region du terminus du chromosome d'escherichia coli k12 : replication et controle de la division cellulaire." Toulouse 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986TOU30190.
Full textSilvestro, André. "Etude de la triméthylamine N-oxyde réductase enzyme terminale d'un système transporteur d'électrons anaérobie chez Escherichia coli K12." Aix-Marseille 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AIX22001.
Full textBéjar, Samir. "Etudes de la région du terminus du chromosome d'Escherichia coli K12 réplication et contrôle de la division cellulaire." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb375957931.
Full textDe, Roubin Marie-René. "Biosynthèse de la D-anlanyl-D-alanine, précurseur du peptidoglycane bactérien, et sa régulation chez Escherichia coli K12." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37609505n.
Full textMadiraju, Kartik. "On the prediction of power outputs in a microbial fuel cell employing Escherichia coli K12 as the biocatalyst." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=119442.
Full textLe manque d'accès à l'électricité et à l'eau potable parmi les pays en développement augmente l'importance de l'innovation en domaine de technologie verte et énergie renouvelable, afin d'introduire une technologie qui est applicable à grande échelle. En tant que tel, les piles à combustible microbien sont présentement recherchées. Une pile à combustible microbien (PCM) est un appareil dans lequel les bactéries sont utilisées à oxyder les molécules organiques, afin de libérer des électrons; ces électrons sont transférés hors de la cellule à l'anode jusqu'au cathode, produisant le courant. Les seuls sous-produits de ce processus sont de l'eau et du dioxyde de charbon. Quoique le domaine de recherche en PCM ait avancé, notamment en optimisation de la production d'électricité, les puissances de sortie ne sont pas toujours reproductibles de façon fiable, et il est présentement impossible de prédire la performance des PCM aux conditions opératoires différentes. La résolution de ces deux défis est considérée parmi les questions le plus importantes de la recherche en PCM. Pendant cette étude, une PCM à un seul compartiment, à l'emploi de l'E. coli K12 comme catalyseur biologique, a été construite au but d'optimiser la production d'électricité et les conditions opératoires, et pour démontrer des données reproductibles. Ce prototype était capable de produire une puissance maximale de 100 mW/m3 (volume du réacteur), aux conditions suivants : espace de 2.54 cm entre les électrodes, force ionique de 0.5, et culture électrochimique de troisième génération. Les données étaient reproductibles avec erreur minimale (± 15 mW/m3). Étant donné ces résultats, un prototype nouveau, de moins volume, était introduit, avec un anode de graphite en format pinceau. Une plan d'expérience Box-Behnken (trois facteurs de trois niveaux chaque) était conçu afin de prédire la performance de la PCM aux conditions opératoires différentes (concentration de substrat, concentration de NaCl, et pH). Un modèle statistique était construit, capable de prédire la puissance électrique de la PCM avec erreur minimale (moins de 10%). Selon le modèle, les conditions opératoires optimales (pH 9, concentration de NaCl 15 g/L, concentration de lactose 5 g/L) ont correspondu à une puissance de 1027 mW/m3. L'effet des quantités sans dimensions sur la performance de PCM était recherché brièvement : lorsque le valeur de Sc augmentait, la puissance décroisse, indiquant l'effet négatif de la viscosité élevée sur le transport de la masse en PCM; les valeurs de Re examinés ont tous résulté en dilution extrême de la culture en PCM, mais l'accroissement de puissance été observé pendant les transitions d'un régime d'écoulement à l'autre; finalement, la puissance électrique décroissaient lorsque le valeur de Pe augmentait, un effet qui indique que la transport de masse en PCM était trop fort. Les résultats de cette étude montent les efforts en commercialisation des PCM, ayant contribué les données sur la prédiction de la performance des PCM qui sont reproductibles, et la description de relations entre la performance des PCM et les quantités sans dimension. La recherche présentée ici avance un parti crucial du domaine de PCM.
Naʼamnieh, Shukrallah. "Entwicklung eines rekombinanten Ganzzellsystems - Klonierung, Coexpression und Mutagenese der Phenylalanin-Dehydrogenase aus Rhodococcus sp. M4 und des malic enzymes aus E.coli K12." [S.l. : s.n.], 2002. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=966050142.
Full textObadia, Brice. "La phosphorylation sur la tyrosine chez escherichia coli K12 : contribution à la caractérisation biochimique et à l'étude du rôle physiologique." Lyon 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LYO10292.
Full textMandal, Tikshna Narayani. "Genetic and molecular analysis of the rus gene : an indirect suppressor of the ruv genes of Escherichia coli K12." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.284090.
Full textHahn, Claudia [Verfasser], and Reinhard [Akademischer Betreuer] Wirth. "Contact killing of Escherichia coli K12 and Staphylococcus cohnii on copper containing and alloyed materials / Claudia Hahn ; Betreuer: Reinhard Wirth." Regensburg : Universitätsbibliothek Regensburg, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1142519317/34.
Full textCharbit, Alain. "Topologie fonctionnelle de lamb : une proteine de membrane externe d'e. coli k12. implications pour la mise au point de vaccins bacteriens." Paris 7, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA077019.
Full textSandoval, Hernández Daniela Constanza de Lourdes. "Producción de bioetanol a partir de ácidos grasos en cultivos aeróbicos de escherichia coli K12, utilizando ingeniería genética y herramientas de ingeniería metabólica." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2014. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/131488.
Full textLos ácidos grasos son un subproducto de bajo costo, abundante y cuyo producto de degradación puede ser fácilmente convertido en etanol, sin embargo no han sido debidamente considerados en la búsqueda de substitutos para combustibles fósiles. El principal inconveniente de la producción de bioetanol a partir de ácidos grasos en Escherichia coli, es que la síntesis de este metabolito es inactivada en presencia de oxígeno y la degradación de este polímero es más eficiente en presencia de este. Por ello, el primer paso fue realizar una modificación en el gen adhE que permitiera la codificación de un alcohol deshidrogenasa aerotolerante. A continuación y para optimizar la producción de etanol fue necesario considerar factores como el equilibrio redox y la alta conectividad del acetil-CoA, mediante herramientas de modelamiento matemático como el análisis de modos elementales. Como resultado es estos análisis se logró la predicción de la deleción de los genes fdnG (f), pflB (p), nuoG(n), ldhA(l) y ackA-pta (ap), y mediante técnicas basadas en PCR se generaron 3 cepas en E. coli K12 MG1655: fnfp*, fnfpl*y fnfplap*. Al realizar cultivos batch de estas cepas fue posible validar la tendencia predicha por la simulación in silico de un aumento significativo y sostenido en el flujo de etanol a medida que aumenta el número de deleciones, siendo clave la deleción del gen nuoG. Con respecto al crecimiento de las cepas en ácidos grasos, la cepa fnfplap* presentó una tasa de crecimiento y una producción de biomasa significativamente superior a la cepa silvestre de E. coli y a la mutante ΔfadR atoC*, e incluso fue capaz de crecer en desechos industriales del refinamiento de aceites vegetales. En estos cultivos, la tasa de producción de etanol también fue significativamente mayor al valor en ácido palmítico purificado, lo que muestra tanto el potencial de la cepa para ser utilizada a nivel industrial como el efecto del medio de cultivo en la producción de etanol. A pesar de estos resultados, los valores experimentales de producción de etanol no coincidieron con los obtenidos en la simulación, por lo que se realizaron simulaciones con un modelo genómico de E. coli. Estos análisis permitieron, por una parte, obtener información sobre posibles genes para eliminar, de modo de permitir la optimización de la producción de etanol a partir de ácido palmítico en condiciones de cultivo aeróbico, pero sin afectar complejos enzimáticos tan importantes como el de la NADH deshidrogenasa; y por otra, corroborar la hipótesis de que la presencia de oxígeno es indispensable para la degradación de los ácidos grasos. Los resultados de este trabajo de tesis muestran que fue posible producir etanol en un sistema de cultivo aeróbico usando como sustrato ácidos grasos, incluso en aquellos provenientes de desechos industriales, obteniéndose una cepa especializada en consumo de ácidos grasos. Adicionalmente, se mostró que el contenido del medio y la estrategia de cultivo pueden afectar directamente tanto la producción de etanol como de biomasa, hasta el punto de obtenerse niveles atractivos para la industria y el tratamiento de desechos ricos en este polímero.
Belfaiza, Jamila. "Contribution à l'étude de la structure et de la régulation de l'expression des gènes de biosynthèse de la méthionine chez Escherichia coli K12." Paris 11, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA112159.
Full textThe branched methionine biosynthetic pathway, in E. Coli K12 derives from aspartate. The corresponding genes are dispersed on the chromosome; their expression is repressed indirectly by methionine, via an aporepressor the metJ gene product, activated by a corepressor, S-adenosylmethionine. We have contributed through a biochemical analysis, to the study of the domains of aspartokinase 11-homoserine dehydrogenase II (AK II-HDH Il), a bifonctional enzyme encoded by the metL gene. We have proposed a three domains model for AK 11-HDH II, analogous to that proposed for an isofunctional enzyme, aspartokinase 1-homoserine dehydrogenase 1. We have determined the nucleotide sequence of the metC: gene encoding cystathionase and have compared the deduced aminoacid sequence with that of an enzyme catalyzing the preceding reaction in the specific methionine pathway (product of the metB gene). We have evidence for homology between these two enzymes, which suggest a common ancestor. The comparison between the regulatory regions of the metA, B, C and F genes has shown a homologous region. It has been suggested that this homologous region is the target of the repressor. We have demonstrated by isolation of operator constitutive mutations for one of the genes that this hypothesis is correct. The altered operators do not recognize the purified repressor in an in vitro transcription-translation system although the repression is efficient with the metF wild type operator. The studies of the interactions of the purified repressor with the wild type or mutated operators were facilitated by the isolation of gene fusions. In particular, the fusion of the metF gene to the lacZ gene has provided a simple measurement of the metF gene expression
Korea, Charalampia-Georgia. "Caractérisation fonctionnelle de nouvelles adhésines de type "chaperone-usher" fimbriae chez E. Coli K-12." Paris 7, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA077150.
Full textThe study of the bacteria/surface interactions has revealed the important role played by different fimbriae in biofilm formation. Although extensively studied as a model bacterium, E. Coli K-12 genome still contains 34% of genes of unknown function and we hypothesized that some of them could correspond to functional adhesins. In this project we characterized E. Coli K-12 ycb, ybg, yfc, yad, yra, sfm and yeh operons, which display sequence and organization homologies to type 1 fimbriae exported by the chaperone usher pathway. By using a reporter lacZzeo cassette as well as overexpressing strains we showed that, although they are not or are poorly expressed in laboratory conditions, six of them are j functional when expressed and promote adhesion to various abiotic and/or epithelial cell surfaces. Fimbriae extraction revealed the major subunits for certain appendages, whereas electron microscopy analysis allowed visualization of fimbrial filaments for ycb and yad. While the studied fimbriae display different binding specificities and potentially distinct sugar affinities, we demonstrated the possibility for synergy or interference witth other adhesins such as Ag43 or type 1 fimbriae. We furthermore showed that their régulation is under the negative control of H-NS and, except for yad, subjected to cAMP receptor protein-mediated activation and carbon catabolite repression. These results therefore demonstrate that ycb, yfc, yad, yra, sfm and yeh operons encode cryptic but functional fimbrial adhesins, whose expression, upon still undertermined environmental conditions, could contribute to E. Coli's ability to adhere to a large diversity of surfaces in its various ecological niches
Miranda, Letícia Passos. "Obtenção e caracterização de linhagem de Escherichia coli adaptada ao glicerol bruto proveniente da síntese de biodiesel por engenharia evolutiva." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/8487.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Biodiesel is a renewable fuel and its production generate raw glycerol (RG) as main byproduct. The use of RG as carbon source in microorganism cultivations poses as an alternative to add value and reduce the environmental impact of this residue. However, RG impurities (salts, esters, alcohol and soap) can inhibit cell growth. Techniques that aims adapting microorganisms to environments containing contaminants by adaptive evolution have been employed to overcome inhibition problems. Adaptation strategies allows imposing a certain selective pressure upon the population, favoring the appearance of mutants and selection of most beneficial mutations, which will make the cell more suited to develop itself in a hostile environment. This work employed Adaptive Evolution methodology to obtain an E. coli K12 strain adapted to RG concentrated by rotary evaporation (RGRota). Cultivations were carried out in plates (E. coli – USP strain) incubated at 37 ºC, as well as shaken flasks (E. coli – UMinho strain), kept at 37 ºC and 300 rpm, involving transfers to defined media gradually enriched with RGRota. Obtained evolved strain as well as the wild-type strain E. coli – UMinho were characterized in cultivations using 2 L, bench-scale bioreactor, equipped with monitoring and control system. During shaken flask experiments, growth was followed by optical density (OD) readings. In bioreactor cultures, samples were withdrawal to analyze cell concentration of the suspension (OD and dry cell weight), concentrations of glycerol, ethanol and organic acids (liquid chromatography), concentration of viable cells (colony forming units counting) and morphology. Cultures characterization were carried out with E. coli – USP in shaken flasks, the values of maximum specific growth rate (μmax) remained between 0.40 e 0.45 h-1 and they showed little influence of strain or media composition. These results suggest that the selected strain did not have differentiated characteristics from the wild-type strain. For E. coli – UMinho, two adaptation strategies were evaluated: successive transfer during exponential growth phase (OD = ~2.5) and during stationary growth phase (OD = ~10). In both cases cells evolved, showing increased μmax values, with more homogeneous populations being observed for adaptation conducted under the first strategy. After 26 days of adaptation, corresponding to 534 generations, an evolved strain, exhibiting μmax of 0.60 h-1 and capable of growing in medium containing 29 g/L of glycerol from RGRota was selected by the methodology of successive transfers in exponential phase. This growth rate was 27.6 % superior to that achieved by the wild-type strain (0.47 h-1). Evolved and wild-type strains were cultivated in bioreactor, containing defined medium prepared with GBRota to have 40 g/L of glycerol. The evolved one maintained μmáx of 0.61 h-1. Acetate formation was observed, with yield of 0.19 g acetate/g glycerol, which caused growth inhibition and limited biomass yield to 0.26 gbiomass/gglycerol. When the wild-type strain was cultivated in bioreactor, exponential growth started after 24 h of lag phase and it presented μmax of 0.28 h-1, biomass yield of 0,39 gbiomass/gglycerol and acetate yield of 0.19 gacetate/gglycerol. The evolved strain obtained, capable of growing in the biodiesel production residue, showed a μmax value similar to the best results reported in the literature for E. coli adaptation in pure glycerol (0.7 h-1), what demonstrates the successful application of the adaptive evolution methodology. Acetate accumulation can be reduced by Genetic Engineering techniques to manipulate metabolic pathways and this will lead to development of an industrial strain which can be employed as a platform of high value products using unrefined glycerol as substrate.
O biodiesel é um combustível renovável cuja produção gera o glicerol bruto (GB) como principal subproduto. O aproveitamento de GB como fonte de carbono em cultivos de microrganismos se apresenta como uma alternativa para agregar valor e reduzir o impacto ambiental deste resíduo. Contudo, as impurezas do GB (sais, ésteres, álcool e sabão) podem inibir o crescimento das células. Técnicas que visam adaptar os microrganismos via evolução adaptativa a ambientes contendo contaminantes vêm sendo empregadas para contornar problemas de inibição. As estratégias de adaptação permitem impor uma certa pressão seletiva sobre a população, favorecendo o aparecimento de mutantes e a seleção de mutações benéficas, que tornam a célula mais apta a se desenvolver em um ambiente hostil. O trabalho empregou a metodologia de Evolução Adaptativa para obter uma linhagem de E. coli K12 adaptada ao GB concentrado por rotaevaporação (GBRota). Os cultivos foram realizados tanto em placas (linhagem E. coli – USP) incubadas a 37ºC, como em frascos agitados (linhagem E. coli – UMinho), mantidos a 37ºC e 300 rpm, envolvendo transferências para meios definidos gradualmente enriquecidos com GBRota. A linhagem evoluída obtida assim como a linhagem selvagem E. coli – UMinho foram caracterizadas em cultivos em biorreator de bancada de 2 L, dotado de sistema de monitoramento e controle. Durante os experimentos em frascos agitados, o crescimento foi acompanhado por leitura de densidade ótica (DO). Nos cultivos em biorreator, amostras foram coletadas para análises de concentração celular da suspensão (DO e massa seca), da concentração de glicerol, etanol e ácidos orgânicos (por cromatografia líquida), da concentração de células viáveis (por contagem de unidades formadoras de colônia) e de morfologia. Para os cultivos de caracterização da E. coli – USP realizados em frascos agitados, os valores da velocidade máxima específica de crescimento (max) permaneceram entre 0,40 e 0,45 h-1, sendo pouco influenciados pela linhagem ou pela composição dos meios, sugerindo que a metodologia adotada para adaptação em placa não foi eficiente, já que a linhagem selecionada não possuía características diferenciadas em relação à linhagem selvagem. Para a E. coli – UMinho foram avaliadas duas estratégias de adaptação: transferências sucessivas na fase exponencial do cultivo (DO = ~2,5) e na fase estacionária (DO = ~10). Em ambos os casos, as células evoluíram, apresentando aumento nos valores de max., sendo que populações mais homogêneas foram observadas na adaptação realizada pela primeira estratégia. Após 26 dias de adaptação, correspondendo a 534 gerações, foi selecionada pela metodologia de transferências sucessivas na fase exponencial, uma linhagem evoluída apresentando velocidade máxima específica de 0,60 h-1, resultado superior em 27,6% ao da linhagem selvagem (0,47h-1), capaz de crescer em meio contendo ~30 g/L de glicerol proveniente do GBRota. As linhagens selvagem e evoluída foram cultivadas em biorreator contendo meio preparado com GBRota na concentração de 40 g/L de glicerol. A linhagem evoluída manteve o μmáx de 0,61 h-1. Foi observada formação de acetato, com rendimento de 0,19 gacetato/gglicerol, o que causou inibição do crescimento e limitou o rendimento em biomassa a 0,26 gbiomassa/gglicerol. Enquanto que, para a linhagem selvagem o cultivo em biorreator apresentou uma fase lag de 24 h, um max de 0,28 h-1, rendimento em biomassa de 0,39 gacetato/gglicerol e rendimento em acetato 0,19 gacetato/gglicerol. A linhagem evoluída obtida no presente trabalho, capaz de crescer no resíduo da produção de biodiesel, apresenta max semelhante aos melhores resultados relatados na literatura para adaptação de E. coli em glicerol puro (0,7 h-1), demonstrando o sucesso da aplicação da metodologia de evolução adaptativa. O acúmulo de acetato pode ser amenizado utilizando técnicas de Engenharia Genética para manipulação das vias metabólicas e permitindo o desenvolvimento de uma linhagem industrial que poderá ser empregada como plataforma para obtenção de produtos de alto valor agregado usando o glicerol não refinado como substrato.
Kasler, David R. "Effects of Moderate Electric Field Plus Heat Pretreatment on Bacterial Inactivation in Whole Shell Hen Eggs by Ozone." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1434445830.
Full textBoyer, Véronique. "Un phenomene d'incompatibilite plasmidique chez escherichia coli k12, revele par clonage d'une sequence du plasmide lactose pucl13, intervenant dans la stabilite d'un vecteur chez lactococcus lactis ssp. Lactis." Caen, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990CAEN2004.
Full textCo, Debbie. "Contribution à l'étude de la voie de biosynthèse de la méthionine chez la cyanobactérie synechococcus PCC 7942 et identification d'un gène analogue au gène metF d'Escherichia coli K12." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37596782m.
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